北海道學藝大學紀要. 第二部, 10(2): 363-384 url
TRANSCRIPT
Hokkaido University of Education
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Title 3種トミヨの交雑実験
Author(s) 小林, 弘
Citation 北海道學藝大學紀要. 第二部, 10(2): 363-384
Issue Date 1959-12
URL http://s-ir.sap.hokkyodai.ac.jp/dspace/handle/123456789/5648
Rights
^ 10 m, ^ 2 ^ (^^) m\\ 34 £)2 12 ^
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Hiromu KOBAYASI : Cross-experiments with three species of sticklebacks,Pungitius pungitius (L.), Pimgitius tymensis (NIKOLSKY), and
Pungitius sinensis (G-UICHENOT), with special referenceto their systematic relationship
1. Ikeda (1933) studied the geographical distribution of 3 species of sticklebacks in Japan, and reportedthat Pimgitws pnngitius (L.) distributes in the coast ragions of the Pacific Ocean and the Sea ofJapan, Pungitms sinensis (GUICHENOT) in the coast regions of the Pacific Ocean, and the Sea of Okhotsk,
and Pu.ngitins tymensis (NIKOLSKY) in the coast region of the Sea of Japan. The present author has
found the mixedhabitat with P. pungitius and P. tymensis in the catchment-area of the river Ishikari,
and that with P. ptingitius and P. sinensis in Akkeshi region. Several specimens intermediate between
P. pungitws and P. tymensis were captured in Sapporo and Ebeotsu regions of the catchement-area
of the river Ishikari. In addition a few individuals showing an intermediate charactsr between P.pzcngitms and P. sinensis were obtained in Akkeshi region (Fig. 3); Tables (6-7). Some ecological obser-
vations revealed that P. pnngitms and P. tymensis are similar in both habitat and breeing season.
2. The results of reciprocal crosses carried out between three species of sticklebacks indicated that
the development of eggs ane the time of their hatching are nearly similar to the normal case. In the
coruse of development the eggs showed a mortality nearly similar to the control eggs (Fig. 2).
The larvae were similar in several bodily characters to the maternal form just after hatching to 30
days. Then, an influence of the paternal form made its gradual appearance in the larva. Almost all
larvae grew normally in both behavior and appearance : they grew into adult form about a year later.
There were well-developed gonads well in both male and female specimens.
3. In every combination of crossing, the results of measurement were nearly intermediat in value
between the parent species, and also almost identical in mean value to those of the reciprocal hybrids
(Tables 8-11). The individual specimens possessed, however, the characters of the parental species, as
well as those intermediate between the parent in various proportions (Table 12).The results of measurement of bodily characters carried out in the intermediate forms found in
nature were nearly similar to those of hybrids produced experimentally.
4. Based on the results of the present investigation the following conclusion may be possible thatthe three species of sfcicklebacks here considered are in close relationship in their taxonomical situa-
tion, and that the intermediate forms of sticklebacks occurring in nature may be the hybrids producedin field.
^-%^u-^ t- y^^wM^^m^w^mt^mm, :^w (1933, '35, 'ss, 'se, '41) ic:
^tg^TjA$Bffl^;?;?, —m®^)^^?^^'^. .Ih^Mdx^b^^^^T^ 1-y^ ^WM^^^^w^t ^mm^&k ^, ^ ^3M?^^, ^ y" i- ^ 3 PtmgUiusiymensis (NIKOLSKY), 1- 5. 3 Pungitius siwnsis (GUICHENOT), A ^ 7 1- $.3 Pungitius pungi-
tius(L.) (D 3 @®^gt^> C ^^'^tJb^TM^. L^L, A^-Mtc^U-^ ^^b 3@®®^X^:SM<l:-^®^:e®19^^^^T^-^^^^^.tM^^^/@^?f/^^@-5a^, '/feS (1933,'35), /?
—363—
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(1957) ©^{CcUzU;', ^Zb®^l, ^-y" I- ^3<1:^^7 ^ $ 3, it£^~{c:-f^7l-^3^1-$3®
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it^?l\ ^^b7&it@rB^c:^U-^^3a?^t®^^^gfcl^-C^g^aL^^r@<9, /? (1957)(^A^M^F^a ^^l-t^X3@®ra]®x%^^^;fT^^, -e®^^B7i^^, ^^b®^®%f<!'(^®^|^fT^OTjg6. CCDm^WS.^^WW^^^K&b'C, ^-@®g^J®^^~j^b^-6^(c:^oT^. ^^\±^m, ^m^cj^t^^ ^^ } ^ 3, ^y"1~^3, i>^3®3gr^, •^z-€:'tuE^»^^i\ ^-nb®%^a7®, ^^^s®m^^^T<l:i^f^^, ;&^
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® ^ -t 7s W\? ® i?^ ^, Mi^ ® B ffi ^n L <, srrau ^swm^w^^m^^o/c^®-??, flX^1±^T^»:R^^tW{c:%WL^Wjis^/;. MWm^i/^- v}c^, -XSI-t^^^cj^^fil-^L^.^ k c O^^^a^i^ LT{t, ^-B?X^- ^ ffl^
^^^•lo^ir^m^^k. ^a^M^^7j<-?®^Anit7X^St^?&^ , Eg^ 15 cm ® ^7 ^ i/ -^ - L^ {CAH, B (c 2, 3 [U^K^T^ ^^^ ^^]0 ?^5?^ L ^)/;. ?^ L^-ff^
Table 1. Numbers of cross-bred experi-ments bewteen the 3 kinds of sticklebacksin each year.
In the table abbreviations are used forindicating the 3 kinds of fishes as follow-ing, Pungitius tymensis (NIKOLSKY)---P. (.,Pungitizis pungitius (L.)'- •P. p., Pungitiussinens'is (GUICHENOT)'--P. s..
^M.Tih7X4'^^WL, J^M^-^T^R::^®^t|}^L, WUc:{tig^33cm, ^^ 20cm® ff 7 ^ 7X-ft[^ {c 2 WJ; ^) 4 /f@fr^A^> 6%-^
Cross
P. (.? XP.p.S
P. p. ? x P. (. S
P. s.? xP.p.S
P.p.9 XP. s.S
P.s.? XP. t.S
P. f:9 XP. S.S
1954
2
1955
8
43
3
46
1956
122
Total
105
5
5
46
—364—
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(moT@^{c^otz^. ?7lM{cWS 2 @®t^$lg®W^LU^-NR:Xx-3T,m^m^-t^^, ^®^^%®@9^^ Fig. 1 (C^T^-9-^^^. ^®%g^^l955^:J;<9 2^^,
s^g 100^0)^V 90 -s"80-1
da 70 H
d 60 -1^^ 50--j
^ 40 ^
30 -j
43 20 -jathbO 10 -I
March AprilI TMay June
Collecting dateJuly
Fig. 1. Comparison of the breeding season between 2 kinds ofsticklebacks, P. tymensis and P. pimgitms.••••P. ti/mensis 0---P. pnngitms.
—365
^ ^ 3A
^fi^]o^n ^xsr^c, 20 ["iiwfToA^^o-it.F^^m^jii, ^m^db is ^w^ ]oiW?^fu3®tiMjn, »:?^®wit^®w-^T^^®^, ^-^-as (ci^t^^^pf^rffi^, i!.-fe^-faa®^®mM^{9, Ns®^ig»!®^:s§^-Niij?L^. N@®^m%^^^T^, ^y~ 1-^ 3^-^A^^< 3^T^}^^ 5^^^g®^^^^®{.c:^L, /f^:7 ^ ^ 3{t4^T^TAi9 6 n^^]^(Dm^&'0, NSO^^M^^RS^^y-'I-^ 3^'4^43/HJ, -f ^71-^3^5^%
•OT, ^(Dm^20 By±®Mlut^^, ^^si3Ma^^^^^/i;B^^^®tt6?®^^^^fitm^^^^^O, NS®^m%^—^^^^T^XLT(/^;b®^B^L^. t^i^c:5^±^J®~MJH^-^TMt$®Bt^L^^y" 1- ^ sttoNIS^^ ^7 1- ^ soi^^-fajt^^" 1- ?. 3®
ta^^^^B, g%(/^^6D^®^%;S-»T-5WHj^, X^^y" 1- ^ 30^^-^-f ^71- ^ 3^-fa^-feX-l, i^l^l-^^7 t- ^ -a(D^^^-/} ^ s^^m^^^-'^p^f^^m^—m^Wmir^'Vk Li^'L^'^o^.
^®^}c?g^?(c^U-^N@f^®^X^:lM^'@^-rt§^T^»:^<t^, /;ch^N@®rB^^?PS^ ^^ ^ b LT ^, N@®rs3^^^^^-^^^^> ^ o -9 »^T L ^S^-r^»{tHd^^^h^7^ b^Z^>.
^M(D^t^^ F, (D^m.^
1-^3, ^^71-^3, 3iy"i~ ^ 3®3@^®iE^^%(c:^^-r, ^nb^b^G^^^^-^y
^HjX^^i'c^, ^@^^-<i:®^^^^i^T^a^^'M:^§^^^^»^^^> M?<1:J^T^>^%/^z^ia^%^^^^-o^. ^-a^^-^w^^ <^, •^®a®^^^^(t%^<l:'^x^%^T»^<, ^^m, ^(DW, %^^-%{c^T^B^B€:^A^i3-MPSE<h-^L-r(/^. W^, ^
2 Rt ^ ^ JC ^ ^ ^ < {; -}g L, 30 f^ rai tc ^ »^ ^ ^ ^ ,
Hatching^
Heart formation-j
Eye ballsappear
6 myotomestage
Formation ofembryonal body
G-astrula stage-1
Blastula stage-|
Morula stage-]
16 cell stage-i
2 cell stage-
10 20 50 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
M:ortality of eg^s {%}
Fig. 2. Difference in the mortality throuth the process of development ofexperimental eggs produced from the crossings between 3 kinds,P. pzmgitms, P. tymensis and P. sinensis, and those controls.
7\-- -the mortality from minimam to maximam of the controls.^••-the mortality from minimam to maximam of the experiments.
366—
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OTsi3 Qm^^ww^^k- t^-%^a^4:'^^-r^^p®Bi%^t^t/c^-mE^{5^-®:L, (=-^^(D&m± Fig. 2 (C^T. ^^b®^^p^{C^^-C^, {-&®M@, ^^|SN5<lW-
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^<9, ?J, m^^^J^L, t, ^^^^^!C,&-5'<, ie, )sM^^^^t^, !m^{c;i?LTffiBLT^^^^^'^^c^^^^^. »/f^40 B^aMT/tZ^', -^-M^ 19mm, ^^ 3.5 mm,
? 2.3 mm ^ 4' ^, -ft.a ^ (^ ^^® ^-fa-fe^^^ ^, -^^ ^f^ {C^gB^ ^ ^o ^. t ^ fM, ^?i5i3-^L, BXM, !^^;^^^{c:-%ifL, ^^^M-ffi^i'c^^^: LT^%^:^^'bgi^ b/tz^^(c^o/c. C(D^m^]0, --§-^®M^^^-ff-fe^a^(lc$<:^®^^^%^L^a6^. %^%!'c-A-3
/;ff^, ^ffi^^{lcJ;6?CT?jm^^{c:ML, $<:^®^^{c:J;(9, ^^m^®^^E{f-^.^ ^, ^(o^rn-^^^ LT^. -^^^, ^ y i- ^ 3 ^ i-?. s, ^V" ]- ^ 3^-<^7 1- ^ 3®N
M^o-^J; ^ ^l;^ff^®mft"X, ^-MX^{iii5{3;'Na@M^Efft.®^^;&^t^$P^^t^^ •fc'•t^. m^ 50 B^^miM, w^^^m^^]o, -^yi' ^ ax i- ^3, ^-y- ]- ^ 3
X -^ 7 1- 5. 3 ^©^-M^^^^ (9 ^ b ^-f@'^®^^-^M 25 mm, 'f^ 5 mm, -^g 2.7 mm, ]-
$ 3 X /f ^7 t- ^ 3 ® M^-^-^ c^ <9 ^ 1; ^-f?®^^ 27 mm, ^^ 5 mm, 'f^^ 2.7 mm b ^
10, C(DW(D^^mm, ®^^^^^L, Wk^ff^bk- ^oTC®B^{c:^-r@€(c:^-M^^ ^l^fft^, ^-^^®ffi^^-^ft^-®^^^^^^T^^ ^O^^^b^^). ^^?^-C{^ Table2 (C^L^$P<, ^ ®tNf%!ic^^®^^t.^'lB% LTJ^-S ^, UzM]t-h
Table 2.
Cross
P. t. ? xP.p. s
P. p. ? XP. (. S
P. p. ? XP. s. S
P. s. ? xP.p. S
P. S. ? XP. t. 3
P. t. ? XP. S. s
Average hatching retio olhybrid at 3 steges of the
Averagehatching
ratioJ^L
35
4238
4038
36
Number ofhatching.
la rv a fishes.
300
150
130
130
100
150
each cross-bred egg, number of eachgrowth, and their sex.
Total length10-20
^mm)
98
72
61
65
68
82
Total length20-60
(mm)7842
3735
34
65
(? 25,
? 19,
? 8,
? 8,
9 9,
913,
Sex
S 17,
S 6,
$10,
$11,
$12,
S 27,
?
?
??
?
?
35
1719
1613
35
—367
^ ^
©^Wc^;5<b®^, ^|l{Cjj(@;?T^®7m^ch^;f^n^. »/f^ 70-80 5^a;@1-tztf^y" l ^ 3<l:-f ^ 71-^3, ^y'~^$3^^^ 3®NM^-^^-®^j^®^^^X{l34mmtu
a, ^^7 ^ $ 3<h^y" 1-^ 3®^?^®^^l^M(t36mmgfi^<i:^^, ^J;l^)^te,£l^tl^^•tmKt£-^k. L^L, /?^-^®M®^^{t, ^©Rt^lt^lg^-^, -^S^^MX®!!^^^^®^tz<l:?^T^i{f, <i®^-»!®Ji?<^M®JtW, )^^®^tzJ;^^^X<%^tL^. ^®^l?a®M®^lfd, dWm^&^^^&t^, 6%S®S^R:^, ^^i9B^^^{@^M-^%^ti^^{c^oT^y-;. ff<H^4~5 ^^^B7iT^^^{9^^®<gT^?^^, d^LbM^®)^'^-W]bt^mwm^i'^k. ^tzb®^^^ii^^^j<fc^s^®3^%?^j^x^iig^<
l?®:i$-^4^L, J&T^X^TM-^L^), S^3^43^J^^^^N^®^^-^r?g^L/;B^^a^-^-^®<f@-?ch^EFi^®^, 3a^®6^, gp^$i?<ba^i^^^^^<1:^-^^.
^ ft b ®^^^^^W%3F1S^;ia l;%^ti^n$M/f@/N-^@ < -ffi^-?? ^ ^. XSx^l®^^—B^{±s%t-^^%w^^]<l:B?(f^^$p^^®{t^/^z^^btL^^-3^y-nc1:', m^®5^^, ^^iit^si^%^T^®^?^^%^n^. cnbdtegi^Mo^'t^x^, —IIJBR®^^^, ^wmwmw^t^^(D, M^%^®c?ciii, g%i^A3gs^^-T^^®^^Ji^bfl, -f^7 i- ^ 39 X I- ^3$^^)^, l'f@^®M:?X^S!i^~^^L^. L^U, ^tZb®^
MM?4^c:^ l~2^(D^m^t^^<o, ^TL^MS»®^iJKgl<l:^;f^b'?^.d;}Zb®id$MS, ^{A-TOH;, -fnI^^^^aiO BKrt{C^^T$gXL^.
3@h^3®CT(::ji[(,^r
J.y'I-^3, -f^7}'^3, I-^ 3® 3@H§®^|ga®^lt®^^^^^-5tc:^^, ^^^
®&;^tg;&%^^nT^^mL/;. L^L, %^?S^-^^nT^^^^b 3@® ^ ^ 3®W^W^Kst^^^, ^(DWb L-CN^^M^, ^n^M(DmKWt^^^{c:^T'L^3g^<l:®^/ti-5^®tf^^^(t^^-^^. Jc<i-^T, ^-%^^^^L^3g® l- ^3
ic^'o, -^nb®—l^??CT®im®SII|?^f?\ M{c^iiHc^|(cffl(/^20W4:®;§-@® 1-$ 3?c®e^T, mwm^ww^n^^^^k.
Table 3. Comparison of each mesuring part of the bodys; body height, head length,trunk length, tail length, length of caudal peduncle, and height of caudalpeduncl, among the 3 kinds of sticklebacks. And the mesuring parts are
shown by mean value ±tandard deviation of length of mesuring part/bodylength, in the 10 individuals of each sex in each kind. {°/o)
P. s.
p. p.
p. t.
$
?
s
?
s
?
Body height
M ± a
18.0 ±0.71
17.9±0.64
18.5 ±1.02
18.7 ±0.54
20.7 ±0.72
20.6 ±0.90
Head length
M ± ff
29.7 ±1.02
28.8 ±0.75
30.0 ±1.13
23.7 ±0.64
32.9 ±0.70
31.8±1.12
Trunk length
M ± a
30.0±T.20
30.6±1.20
31.2±0.77
31.4±1.06
34.0±1.10
35.6 ±1.20
Tail length
M ± a
40.8±1.04
41.0 ±0.98
39.0 ±1.10
38.7 ±1.00
32.3±1.07
32.9 ±0.83
Length ofcaudal
peduncle
M ± a
11.4±0.85
11.8 ±0.45
10.2 ±0.63
10.6 ±0.96
5.9 ±0.60
5.8 ±0.62
Height ofcaudal
peduncle
M ± a
2.6 ±0.27
2.6 ±0.22
2.9 ±0.24
3.0±0.30
5.0 ±0.31
5.2 ±0.25
—368—
3SE h ? a ®3$|
1. -<A-7 h^ 3 Pungiiitis pungitius (L.): ^^(1—^^^M < , {-^'fa(A 3 ijmgt^H^^
^{c:^, »^;tLT@i9, ^MiJo^^^^^^B^^-??^-^^^, ^M%!?^%^n^at'^^®M-fa^-Sl^m^^-^. -^-^©MW, )^.^^?^^B<M^L, f%^(^8,9,10^^^W^tobfl, mode ^9^^^^. Mffi^(i^X<, M,&§®N^^^^R^^^^T^-6.I?®'M;?^^? ^sw\7]^(D^(D^im^^w^w^^m^^n,' s-j^,i^^®^ © }c (A, tu^J; ^@ffi^®m'i:X^-^^'?M^^?XL G^m^^^%^T{@^^yM^LTt/Vc. t^%^®^t^^®^{t^S'fe^-^L, Sg®^-^^^^®^^-^^-^^.
Table 4. Comparison of each mesuring part of the body; length of centraldorsal spine, pelvic spine, pelvic girdle (A) and (B), among the 3kinds of stickleacks. And the mesuring parts are shown by meanvalue ± standard deviation of length of mesuring/body length, in the20 individuals of each kind. {%)
P. s.
p. p.
p. t.
Length of centraldorsal spine
M ± a
6.1 ±0.37
5.8 ±0.42
3.7 ±0.34
Length ofpelvic spine
M ± o
11.9±0.87
10.1 ±0.74
5.8±0.85
Length ofpelvic girdle
AALM ± tf
17.4±0.83
15.4±0.69
8.9±0.64 .
Length ofpelvic girdle
_IB)_
M ± s
12.1 ±0.90
10.8 ±0.82
4.4 ±0.47
2. x1/' 1s S. 3 Pungithis tymensis (NIKOLSKY): ^@®^fit{A 3 @®® I- ?. 3 43.^1fei^^, ^U^itLT^. fr^^^^N&^^o^', ^^^I§<, frfMiJ©^m^^^^t^^^o/c. L^L, ^m%!^%^^^?^fr'fe®li^^^Si)?aj^^^-^^. -^^-^©MX^)^-^®^MW^m<, t%®-f/?c%^%;MVj:i^®-^, gm;(B)^®^'?t^,i:a®%/^afM^_)b^^^^^^®^%ji^^^. t%?3;ji@i^^<, 9~12^^®/f@/^^g^i6b^,mode {111^:^^-3^. m^M^<;fc<, MIII®J?^S^R^;^~T^6. ftS1;X®^,td3@^.f^M<, JS^cjgL, ^^Mffi^P^I-fe-fe^rt^, %/^H-fe^LT(^.
I/H^^{cT^(^. t/c^tiO^ta^d.S^M
Table 5. Comparison of each mesuring part of the body; number of dorsal spines,soft rays of dorsal fin, soft rays of anal fin and scutes, and types ofscute-row, among the 3 kinds of sticklebacks. And the mesuring partsexcept the type of scute-row are shown by mean value ± standarddeviation of the mesuring numbers, and mesuring numbers from minimumto maximum and their mode, in the 20 individuals of each kind.
Number of dorsalspines
M±a Mode ( )
Number of softrays of dorsol fin
M±ff Mode ( )
Number of softrays of anal fin
M.±a Mode
Number of scutes
M±<7 Mode
Typeof
scute-row
P.s.
p. p.
p.t.
9.1±0.30|
8.8 ±0.56
10.8 ±0.88|
(9), 10]
8,(9 ),10|
9, 10, (11), 12]
11.1 ± 0.77|
10.9±0.57|
10.6 ±0.58|
10, (11), 12]
9,10, (11), 12|
9,10, (11),
10.3 ± 0.91|
9.7 ±0.88
9.6 ±0.66
33.9 ±0.308, 9, (10), 11|
8, 9, (10), 11|
9,(10),U|0+-(5.2±0.78)
(2.5 ±1.03)+(10 ±0.95)
33 (34)0-(2)-5+
7-(10)-12|0+4-(5)-7
369
^ n §A
3. h S. 3 Pungitius sinensis (GUICHENOT) : ^@®^^(^ 3 ;g-%® ^ ^ 3 ifi ^ <b ^H^«?L, ^fe^-f^7l~^3<l:^y"{-^3®^rB]^, ^t-fe^^^^-L, W>S;<fc?i^?BJ5at-r^-)
/c. ^.mm ^ ^ u- ^ ? ^ ® 'f^-fe (A , ii is- ^ y" i- ^ 3 <h f^ ^ i.c ^ ^ ^ ^ < s ^ L /c. -^^-^ ® M x y-'
^'?Si?^?;tL, tM?9~10;^, mode ^9^-Z?^^,. Mffi^d^^^ffl-M < , M(tS®Ni?R^^<, M^^b-C^. ti^^S^TX<$l5tL/;A311-^, g^-gp^^Mffi^^R:34{W,?L, 1t(c:J?<:^T(A, ^^^®iFM{c:jS^-oTi/^. t ^^|^®^#Ma{AM'fa-fa^^^<, ^-fe^^LTl/^.
il'J^li1: ±§G 3 \ ^ 3 ®W??®^11/& Tables 3, 4, 5 {c^-T. Table 3 {^@
m^m^iom^iw, ®-x, gis, mx, mffi^®¥^;&/N-^®^-^^i^b/c^®®100^^^, Table 4(ttta;& 10 ®fr^^^L, ^tMM, f^^A^, gp-t5^^
i^:B^, gp^, ^^'tt^,t5M®¥-^^-?M®¥^^'!^L.^^®®100^^^^^,Table 5 {i ^ ^i??-& 10 'i?^ B^ L, t i '^(D^^^, ^
n b ® mode ^^(t^^^jfiL/c <fc ®^^> -S. ^ H b ©MIJ^P^^H/C LT^-@iN®^fig6^/f:SS^M^mZ^W^S^Cj^T, F^W^^^^^^-3^. ^©^JI^TableS ®^^y \ ^3^ i> ^ Si.C^i/j-^-ft^, ®M, BIX®^^, Table5 ® 3ii®^^W, -^fl^'tl95% ®%-^{C-^^T^-^®^^J^i6^-^^'j±',^y-;®^, —j^^^b
®^^^^-@IXrB^®%,S^%^TN}^^/&^^^b^^>. MK;<itzb®??m^llHc:WT^{c, %^zit^-r®^7t(<:^T, -<^7 t- ^ 3<1: l' ^ 3?i6T7&{OT^>/?;&^LTj^®?L, ^V" 1- ^ ^hA ^:7 \ \ s^y<~ i- ^ ^(Dm^^^^ ^, ^ts. ^^n^'N^'%^^^^^- ^
^ L, "t^-l^^ir^i^ -c ®<^ (^ d ® ^-1^^^ ^ ^ ^, Figs. 6, 9 iC ^^^n^$D < , ^ y" I- ^ 3b-\^:7 \ \ 3®?f;X{t7i^?S-^, •€®^^i'5i?%-f^LT@^, %/±K^m\^k \ ^ 3®l?^<h
(i^^oTl^. C<DWMQW^W^tt^, A ^7 \ \^b \ \ 3^-tW^rat-^^^t?i<N6Tfi^re<^^> <b®T?6fe^.
^H'+'MWWS2@%®l- ^ 30'/g^^Xitiic:, N@®43!M;^T/fW®;?T^?, ^^rlkiB (1933,
'35) ic:J;D-f^7 1- ^^^ [ ^ 3i.c:5j^-r, J¥^WTa®CTa^iJ^cnc:@aBl^M>/ l-^l©Mi^^^tzT^-5. /i?H ^ t /; 1954, '56^®2@®J¥^?^^'aiC^^-r, '/fei33<h^^/f^7 1- ^ Sch 1- ^ 3®^^§1^^^-^^^^^1@ff^t||^L^. ^^^-:t(i-f ^7 1- ^ 3<h^y'~
1- ^ 3rI^^X%^^^> B^^-'/&^®/6^Jll7J^^®^L^^?I^^®Ni:t!l^^ t)^a-L/c fc®®i=l--iic^ ^7 ^ 3^-i-y" 1- ^ 3®<nm^ ^^iJ?L^^t/\ Ng®^rs]^]^^T/f@ft<^?^^li'^^sX^ Hi^/c. d ^ b ©t?(A ^-T b fc, -^ ^ b ® M-^T ^—^® ^ fBl?Ji'J^%^ T <b ® ^ fc ^ < , <@{^^^^, -en-eni^u, '^©-^^^^^T^rBi^.^a^t'b®^^^^', °X^{A-^®^?N
m^^K^wnw L^c ^ ® ^ ^o/c. <i ©^^nm^s^n^ ^ ®®^(c ^ ^(D&^W^T(t^-@®^?t^ b^/;. C^b®^^ ^iiti.C®^ L < N@®4'miy^^t<1:®^^^ ^®^S^b, C^Cst^-^^W&^W^k- ^®^X^ Tables 6-7 {C^T.
Table 6 ^iSliW^-r.^^W L^im, g^Mt' L < ^kW^tW^^:^&^^^^t^(cr&ls®%j!iL^F)--ify3^@'?®^^^^^^-gciL^ fc®^, ^-^©-Xc^'fnIfL^, -?:
u b ^-?g^i^ u/; ^ ®® 100 ^^%;b L^. ^ ^ b® -5 ^i?tH» No. 1, 2 ©N'flg^d,-e®m^, t^X^B^^i^t- ^ 3^7&{^-t^<fc®^', /ftk®^slA l- ^ 3^-{•c:,& i^^'^o/c. L^L, iW^WM^^^m^(Dt?^^>^, m-X, tMM^^L6-<^7 1- ^ 3?_l^^o^.
—370—
Table 6. Mesuring results of each part of the body ; body height, head length, trunk length, tail length,length and height of caudal peduncle, length of central dorsal spine, pelvic spine and pelvicgirdle (A) and (B), number of dorsal spines and scutes, and types of scute-row, in 13 individuals ofthe intermediate form of P. sinensis and P. pnngiti'us. The length and height parfcs are shown by% of length of mesuring part/body length, and the parts of number are shown by practicalnumber. And in this table the mesuring results of Ikeda in addison to one of the present autherare entered.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Sex
?
?
?
6
?
s
s
Body1 eight
18.5
17.5
16.4
17.7
17.2
16.5
18.1
Headength
29.5
30.0
27.5
30.2
29.5
29.8
30.2
Frankength
32.0
32.0
33.2
30.8
33.5
33.2
32.0
Tailength
38.5
38.0
38.4
39.0
37.0
27.2
37.8
Lengthof
caudalpeduncle
11.2
11.8
10.5
11.5
9.5
9.9
10.1
Heigtnof
caudalpeduncle
3.02
2.9
2.8
3.7
2.6
2.8
3.0
Lengthof
centraldorsalspine
5.7
5.9
6.4
5.2
5.9
5.4
5.8
Lengthof
p el viespine
11.7
11.3
11.8
9.1
11.4
10.3
10.7
Lengthof
pelvicgirdle"(A)
18.0
15.5
17.4
15.4
18.0
17.9
16.5
Lengthof
pelvicgirdle'(B)
10.1
11.5
11.0
11.5
9.2
10.4
11.3
Numberof
dorsalspines
10
9
10
10
10
11
10
10
10
9
9
9
9
Number ofscutes
left 33right 33
left 34right 33
left 44-2+16right 4+14-16
left 34-15right 4+1+15left 5+16right 5+16
left 4+15right 44-15
left 4+17right 44-17
5+9+5
34
left 34right 1+18left 34right 7-4-20
left 34right 04-30
left 3-1-16right ?
Typeof
scute-row
AAAEFFGFGGGGGG
D
E
AFADABF
Colleetedregion
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
Akkeshi
KurileIslands
KurileIslands
KurileIslands
KurileIslands
Investigator
Kobayasi
Kobayasi
Kobayasi
Kobayasi
Kobayasi
Kobayasi
Kobayasi
Ikeda
Ikeda
Ikeda
Ikeda
Iked a
Ikeda
0^
Table 7. Mesuring results of each part of the body, body height, head length, trunk length, tail length,length and height of caudal peduncle, length of central dorsal spine, pelvic spine and pelvic girdle(A) and (B), number of dorsal spines and scales, and types of scute-row, in 10 individuals of the in-termediate form of P. tymensis and P. pungitius. The length and height parts are shown by % oflength of mesuring part/body length, and the parts of number are shown by practical number.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Sex
s
s
s
s
3
$
$
?
?
?
Bodyheight
21.7
20.0
19.1
19.1
20.4
19.5
18.2
19.7
18.7
19.6
Headlength
32.6
31.1
33.0
29.6
32.9
32.3
29.0
32.5
31.2
30.0
Trunklength
30.6
33.3
30.9
32.4
32.9
34.1
30.3
32.5
33.4
35.7
Taillength
36.8
35.6
36.1
38.8
34.0
34.1
39.5
35.0
35.5
33.5
Lengthof
caudalpeduncle
9.7
10.0
10.0
11.0
8.1
8.3
10.1
8.8
10.0
-9.0
Heightof
caudalpe dun de
3.3
3.4
4.3
4.1
4.4
3.6
4.4
3.5
4.0
4.7
Lengthof
centraldorsalspine
4.7
5.1
4.9
4.7
4.9
5.5
3.85
5.8
4.5
4.8
Lengthof
pelvicspine
9.7
8.2
8.5
7.4
9.6
8.8
8.7
8.2
7.8
9.5
Lengthof
pelvicgirdle'(A)
11.3
10.0
12.5
13.0
13.8
14.7
9.6
8.9
9.2
9.8
Lengthof
pelvicgirdle'(B)
10.8
10.0
9.2
9.4
9.8
10.2
6.7
5.7
4.5
4.8
Numberof
dorsalspines
8
9
9
9
9
9
11
9
13
11
Numberof
Soft ray;?f dorsa
fin
10
11
10
11
11
10
11
10
12
10
Numberof
Soft raysof anal
fin
9
9
9
10
9
9
9
11
9
9
Number ofscutes
left 1+7right 2+7
left 04-7right 0+7
left 0-1-7right 04-7
left 0+8right 0+8
left 2+8right 2+8
left 0+7right 1+6
left 04-7right 0+-7
left 0+7right 0+6
left 1+8right 1+8
left 04-8right 04-9
Type ofse.ute-row
II
JJJJJIII
JI
JJJJII
JJ
^
h ? 3
Fig. 3. Natural intermediate fishes of the bothkinds of P. tymensis and P. piingitms.a. P. tymensis b. Intermediate formc. Intermediate form d. P. pungitws
No. 3 ^ ^ No, 7 ^i, -fn?<fc-j^^:7 1- ^
3^0'flI-N^ab-^^, No. 3 h No. 4 -f@?(l
b b ® ^ ^ {?: M ^ 1-2-®®m;m^L-rj^. c(Dm^Mw^M>[^y \ ^ 3{a»a6b^j:i^®'{to®^/c. <:®/ffeCflb®5-f@-fr(t, t^XK^®^
^{cjg^T^mffix, gM?, g^^p^®^^^, i- ^ a^oft^^m^^^^LT^^yiW^ b n/c. t k, Table 7 {j; ^A^LfezLKm^^tf^^w L/c ^ ®® 43 ct ]o '^m^ ^ ^ ^m(D^m^m^ -f ^ ^ ©f L ^ 10 -f@ft(c:^ ^^.^(Dm&^w ^ t^^', ^^®S^/f?!?X^L^<b®© 100^^^%^L/C. —B^-< ^7 1- ^ 3^^y' 1~ ^
3 b SW^W -^ 7 ]- $ 3 <^ 1- $ 3 ®^--^^J-bL, f^§-^{cgfc^T?it^fflB?%??^©^ab^', Table? ^a-^W?^T(^<^'b(fb^, -^(DW^^^.'O, Wm^y'1'^3^, ^^(^-f ^7 I- ^ 3^^^LT
\tL. dtLb©rtXg?®^®^?C®e^TA^^-f ^7 ^ ?. 3R:,fi;l^^;bn^>??W^ No. 1, 3, 7 {Cifc^T^^C, No.lo^^^^y" 1- ^ 3^, tMX, BMMX^^Fs^^r^ ^,No.3®^, MW, S^X^^^^^^^^LT^'9, No.7®tMX^^'tM^WB^b^R:^ 1- ^ 3S1^^^, ^'^^, ^-iS^^^M^^^^^^-^LT^k. t^cfib^M^> gJ, ffi, M®;§-^^®?^<^?!^6<]j-y" 1- ^3{!c:,fi:i\ No.6, 10 {cjt^T-fc No.6{c^U-;5U?, g^'^^^BJ3b^^-^ ^7 ^ ^ 3mi^, ^itj, mffi-X, @ffi%
^N@®4]f»^L, No.lO{cX^T^, f-^^, J^ffiX. Mffi^, tMM, fiM%M(-tN@®4iFB^^LTI^. tt^, <^tLbW®No.2, 4, 5, 8, 9^^-fBT^^fro-^©MiJ^-N^%/^^N^
©4^^, ^n^m^Wir^^Wt^^^W^^W^^^^- ^®fcibFlut5®$P<, -•&s®^f^®43rB^'f@fr^^^^^^ bn^>»^^ ^ R:M^T?T^.
3 OT(D$^^ Q^L^c ^ (D?i$lN(.l|£G^r
3@^© 1- ^ 3®]E^N^.^^^^^^l;^ffi}^ Table 2 ^^-i-$n< ^^^^^^^-3^^<mb^m?ffl®f?S™NW, j^x^-^^y^^^TSsf^, ^^(C^-M-^^^^^)^^(c:^^^IJ?g-^L^^^®^, M^CML^R:^ <> ^V" I- ?. 3° x/f^7 1. $ 3$}CT40
m, A ^y \ ^ 39 x ^ y" i- ^ 3 $ R:T 15 -fg-^, 1- ^ 3 ? x ^ 7 I- ^ 3 8 (CT 12 -fg-f^, ^ ^7l'^3?Xl-^3$ i.CT 14 /f@{^, 1- $ 3? X ^ y' 1- ^ 3 $ i'CT 14 /f@-^, ^- y' ]- ^ 3 ° X 1- ^3
$ }CT35W^-^c. ^£-^^W^-®^I&^^^S^'^, —^^^^{c^^^a^T^^^tl./5> ??a7^^±»L^'»^^)T, -^^|S®HI?XO';'^lS?M?^fJ-^^. -C-fib®^!1
^f^LT TablesS, 9, 10, 11 }C^T. d^b®^, Tables 8, 9, 10 i^gfi^ ^/;^?^> 'fnl^^
i?W®¥;^^{?W®X^^^ ^©^, {"Ttz^frX^I^L^ fc®^-100^^^-%^373—
^ ^ 5^
Table 8. Comparison of each mesuring part of the bodys; body height, headlength, trunk length, tail length, among the 6 kinds of hybrids.And the mesuring parts are shown by mean value ± standarddeviatio of length of mesuring part/body length, in the mesurdindividuals of the hybrid in each combination. (%)
Cross
P. t.9 xP.p.S
P. p.? XP. t.S
P. 8.? X P. p. 6
P.p.9 xP.s.s
P. s.? XP.t.S
P. t.9 XP.S.&
Measurednumber
50
3025
25
3040
Measuredbody
length(cm)
3.0-5.3
3.0-5.7
2.8-5.1
2.9-5.6
3.0-5.0
3.0-5.8
Body height
M±<r
19.14:0.92
19.5 ±1.40
18.1 ±0.91
18.2 ±1.07
18.8±1.01
18.9±0.88
Head length
M±a
31.5±1.14
31.1±1.31
30.5±1.17
29.7 ±1.15
31.8 ±0.98
32.5 ±1.25
Trunk length
M±tf
33.0±1.36
33.5 ±1.36
31.2±1.44
30.6 ±1.13
32.6±1.33
31.8±1.21
Tail length
M±C7
35.5±1.16
35.4±1.23
38.2±0.92
40.1 ±0.98
35.8 ±1.54
35.7 ±1.22
L/;. tk^r Table (Cffi^ ^^{g^^^'^-M^^-^ic:^ ^ ^^ ^W, ^-a^^-^(c:ck (.9, 7 fy^l^±/±^L^-f@-^^^^M^^o/;^7?^t), M(C^-Table {Cj^, MiJ^<@ft^(C^|&®^^) b^^<:d, M&^^^19, ^-f^®^:^^^—^K±{CU^i'J-/{Z(f^:b^^^/;^^^^.
^&^^:F,(DW, @S, BIS, mM®l?^M^>R:, TableS {C^T$H<, J-V" 1- ^3<1:-f^7 1- ^ 3®lE^Nffi^^^^ ^) ^i {t{5^-^Ll^?^^L, NSIX®4]ilS^7&^?^^%^b±. ^^y\^^^[^ 3®lE^Nffi^^-^^g£l^-t{l, N@tX®^P?'mLT^/c^ra•^^^^lmT^WBlt^-3^^, {•^39X^71-^3$®^ d^-^^ ^7 f- ^ 3
}^&<, '^^7l'^39x^36®F, ^M^®M^K^M1 1- ^ 3(c:^^-f^/;J:b^^%^t^®~^&^. t/-; l- ^ 3^^-y" ]• ^ 3®:£^^I^^-t±(C®£l^T, NM-^^-^A^^^^ ^i (liiiS-^L^'N^L, NIM®':t:lfES®W(c%;b^i/;. M(<:<i^^, ^^7 1- ^ 3<J:^-y" 1- ^ 3®JE^a^^^(D'^^bW-tM, -fW-fg^C^.g^WJ^btZ, -f^7 i- ^ 3<1: 1- ^ 3®^?;^lt^
F, ^^{cfc^flSLTt/^y^^-^^. MffiS, @ffi^, tMM. BM^M, .®'lf^^g£^T{A Table 9(^T$n <, -^^7 F 5. a^^-y'l- ^ a, t- ^ 3 ^ j- y" i ^ 3 ©iE^Nffi^^-^®^- ^ ^ ^Mffi
Table 9. Comparison of each mesuring part of the bodys; ]ength and heightof caudal peduncle, length of central dorsal spine, pelvic spine,pelvic girdle (A) and (B), among the 6 kinds of hybrids. And themesuring parts are shown by mean value ± standard deviation oflength of mesuring part/body lenth. in the mesurd individuals ofthe hybridts in each combination. (?»)
Cross
MeasuredMeasured i bodynumber | length
(cm)
I Lengthof
caudalpeduncle
M±a
Heigth ^Length ofof
caudalpeduncle
M±<r
centraldorsalspine
M±a
Lengthof
pelvicspine
M±</
Length of|Length ofpelvic | pelvicgirdle | girdle'(A) | -(B)M±a M±cr
P. t.9 xP.p.S
P. p.? XP. t.S
P. s.? XP.p.S
P.p.9 XP. s.S
P. s.? XP. t.S
P. t.9 xP.s.S
30
25
20
20
20
25
4.3-5.3
4.1-5.7
3.9-5.1
4.0-5.6
3.9-5.0
4.2-5.8
8.3±0.87|
7.3 ± 0.89|
10.4 ± 0.59|
10.6±0.51|
8.5 ± 0.62|
8.3 ±1.1
3.6 ± 0.39|
3.8 ± 0.41|
3.0±0.22|
3.1±0.35|
3.4±0.23|
3.5 ± 0.32|
5.05 ± 0.47| 9.6 ±0.79|
5.0 ±0.58| 8.7 ±0.92|
6.05±0.25|11.1 ±0.68|
6.0 ±0.27|10.8 ±0.57|
5.5 ±0.50]10.5 ±0.86|
5.3 ±0.56|10.05 ±0.78|
14.8±1.52|
14.5±0.92|
16.9±0.81|11
16.4±0.80|11
15.2±1.06]
15.3±1.15]
8.05 ±0.52
7.7 ±0.78
L.l ±0.76
L.O ±0.63
9.0 ±0.67
8.8 ±0.83
374—
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a-^o^-® F, ^ }c ^m^) b n^^, %x®^'^.'/ 1- $ 3 ^ -< ^7 i-?. 3 Fi ®^:t^^ ^ -fc ©^^o/;. ii-c^ ^^ 1- ^ 3 9 x J. y" ]- ^ 3 $ ^, ^-y't- ^ 3° x/f^7 l- $ 3$ ®iE}f|tiga^^
^^^ ^T^ ^ ©rs^c^i^T^, axM^ic^^^b, ^a^^-t^^i (ttuM^^^-^i ^ ^x^:^U^:}^?X/ft(/^. MW^^-^^, W(A)^, ^^-^(.c^^'t^^^^^^^^®S^^, ^-a^o^^ ^^NaS®^^^^-^^^, ^^(B)^, gpiS^^tt^^^OM^^^F, b ^NI?®41rs^i9A>3^M^c^-3^. L^L, Fi (C^y-^c®^®^^^ Fig. 5 }c:^T
$p<@^®^c:%;?, .^W®^, NM^®^Si, ^^^^^^^-^(I, -^(A^N^§®43^m^^t^^t^-t^^^^b^. t^-f^;7 I- ^ 3^ 1- ^ 3{C^!d-^)M^^®^^^,
IWfi^^^', c®^^|^N@<^-I-y" 1- $ 3^®a^^^^^^D^^ ®^{cM^<
Fig» 4. Dorsal spines possessed thecharacters of both parent kinds.
a. b. P. tymensis X P. pitngit'lusc. P. tymensis x P. sinensis
Fig. 5. Pelvic girdle of some hybrids and the 3 kinds of sticklebaks.
c. P. sinensis d. e. f. Hybrids.2. a. P. tymensis b. P. pzcngitius
-375—
^ ft 5^
B as.
D
E •
^OO^OV$OOOSC50^$%E2X£&?3^^S
Fig. 6. Types of the scute-row of the 3 kinds of sticklebacks and their hybrids.A type-•-the type has a complete scute-row.
B type-•• the type has a scute-row lacking a few scutes at the former thorax.C type-•-the type has a scute-row lacking some few scutes at the middle
abdomen.
D type-'-the type has a scute-row lacking some few scutes at both partsof the thorax and abdomen.
E type-"the type has a scute-row of complete number constituted by thesmall scutes.
F type-"the type has scute-rows at the former thorax and tail, and a fewscutes scattered at the abdomen.
G type-•-the type has scute-rows at the former thorax and tail.H type-•-the type has scute-rows at the former thorax and caudal peduncle,
and a few scutes scattered at the abdomen.I type-'-the type has seute-rows at the former thorax and caudal peduncle.J type-•-the type has only a scute-row at the caudal peduncle.K type-•-the type has only a scute-row at the former thorax or a part of
the abdomen.L type ••• the type lacks completely a scute-row.
— 376 -
3 g t- ? 3 COWM
Table 10. Comparison of each mesuring part of the body; number of dorsalspines, soft reys of dorsal fin and anal fin, among the 6 kinds ofhybrids. And the mesuring parts are shown by mean value ±standerd deviation of the mesuring number, the mesuring numberfrom minimum to maximum and their mode, in the mesurd individualsof the hybrids in each combination.
P. <.? xP.p.S
P. p. 9 XP. t.S
P. s.9 XP.p.S
P.p.9 XP. s.$
P. s.9 XP. t.S
P. t.9 xP. s.$
Meas-urednum-ber
50
3832
34
3350
Measuredbody
length(cm)
3.0-5.3
2.3-5.7
2.5-5.1
2.6-5.6
2.3-5.0
2.7-5.8
Number of dorsalspines
M±a
10.05 ± 0.79|
9.8 ±0.63|
9.2 ±0.80;
8.8 ±0.64|
10.5 ±0.66]
9.7 ±0.72|
Mode ( )
9, (10), 11
9, (10), 11
8, (9), 10,11
8, (9)9, (10), 11
8, 9, (10), 11
Number of softreys of dorsal fin
M±a
10.8±0.45|
11.1 ± 0.68|
11.2±0.46|
11.3±0.48|
10.8±0.78|
10.6±0.86|
Mode ( )
10, (11), 12
10, (11), 12
(11), 12(11), 12
10, (11), 12
9,10, (11), 12
Number of softreys of anal fin
M±(T
9.4 ± 0.60|
10.0±0.58|
10.0±0.66|
9.9 ±0.47]
9.8±0.31|
9.7 ± 0.59|
Mode ( )
8, ( 9),10,11
9, (10), 11
8, 9, (10), 11
9, (10), 11
9, (10), 11
8, 9, (10), 11
%t^>»^^ Table 9 ^ ^ ^-^c. tM^(A Table 10 }c:g5L^n< , -f ^7 1- ?. 3 ^ ^/ 1- ^ 3©IE^NM^^-^J; 0 ^feD/c ^ © mode (^ 10 ^, -^ ^7 1- ^ 3 ^ t- ^ 3 ^ ^ ^, IE^^ ^ mode(t9^:, ]> ^ 3 a: ^y ]- ^ sj;^)^, IE^^ mode ^ 10 ^-C:^^, M^^ mode (^N^S®^mm^ tS. L T@/;. t, ^ Table 10 {c-^gfi L /; ^', c^ b d 3 @%® W^ ch (t ^ ^
=?^^, ?Wc:^T{t^BJ^mL/;. ^M^^^cfc^^l;/; Fi ®rrfX®^fi§^tS^T^m^^^. -€®^ Table 11 ^-§^^C^, ^®$tJ<^%L^. A §U • S^J^J; ^Mffi^(c;ig^LTX<-ML^m^^T^tb®. B^: S^-^tt)€®^'f@®^®^^X< ^®. C^:m^&^m^^^^, ^j^®im®m^< ^®. DSI: ?^^x<$i^b^-^-f:x^^^^,i?Bu:^mr^^Br/j®Mi®im^< ^®. Esy: .i^L/c^x^^o^, ^-^xj4-®^f;t^©. F^: fi^^f|fi^7^M-^?^K^i'c:^tL^ l~2{@®r^X^;i'^^^©. G^: S^^tff^
Table 11. Comparison of the types of scute-row and modes of number ofscutes among the 6 kinds of hybrids. The types of scute-row areclassified in 12 ranks from A to L, as shown in fig. 6,
Cross
P.t.? XP.p.S
P. p.? XP.t.6
P.s.? XP.t. S
P. p.? XP.s.S
P.s.? xP.t.S
?.(.? XP.s. S
leftright
leftright
leftright
leftright
leftright
leftright
Typts of scute-row
A
42
12
56
99
B
13
78
G
2
11
46
D
2
12
2
11
E
12
2
1111
65
F
53
36
2
25
G
98
85
31
66
H
1
34
22
1
33
I
4241
2117
45
12
73
J
78
911
42
21
1
K
11
1
1
2
L
1
Mode
3+824-8
2+61+6
54-166+15
5+155+1+14
34 (E)34 (E)
34 (A)34 (A)
Number ofsymmetricalindividual
21
10
6
8
16
18
AIeasurednumber
50
30
25
25
25
50
377—
^' -? ^
Fig. 7. Gaudal peduncle lacking thescute-row in the hybrid from P.
tymensis ? XP. piwgitms 6.
^M^tcm-B^t-^^^®. 'H.m: ^^ftti^<l:m'R^^M^i~2<@®^tr^^-^t^^®. iiii:BWfT^mCTR:iw;&irT^®. ]m: Mffi^®^^m^^e^^^®. 'K^I: fi&3f^ir^gm, ^?mu^R:®^,m^^--5T^®. Lm: ^{c,W^^Dt'^®{^IJ^>. Aj;^L^(Di2mm^m^mb, ^-a^o-^R:, &^(Dwmc^^^, ^mmc^^i-^w^g5AL/c. ,^^§IJ{C®fc^T/4M(C Fig.6 ^^l^T^B^IglML/c. t'/'c, mode (C^l^T, ^J^{f
3+8 ^g5L^^®^, + j^m®i^»^®,ms^%;bb, + ^^^^©^^^ss^®im^:?L^®r, M^5+1+14®$D< + ©FaKc^to^^^^, g(<il^m^<J:@B^-{;M<J:®r?;^T, ^^b^^tLT^T^,^4X^^^L^^®^^^. Iffi^itt^-r, ^-ffi^^^-cfc^l^^U;, 'f"r^^N^S®^X^®iH®^-@®^Sl^^n-€:'^%LT@^. L^L-f^71- ^ 3 <^ y" ^ ^3 {c^i^-r^jE^iiigM^^-^^ ^ -f
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19 -f?, 8 -f?, /f ^7 1- ?. 3 9 x
^-yi-^3$^(t, M-fa2-f?, M^fe4'fiH., l-^39X-f-^;7l'$3$ -T?(t, MSfe
7 -f@-Ns J7<-fa 3 -f@{^, ^ ^ 7 1- ^ 3 9 x 1- $
Kg. 8. Shortening form of the hybrid from P. 3 $ ^' ^^^ 2 W- ^^ 9 ®-^' ^ ^tymensis 9 X P. sinensis S. 3 9 X^-V" 1- S. 3 ^"^{A, .il-fa 2 'fjgf^, ^U
—378
3g h ? 3 CQ^.^
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t|?2.2 mm, SMM-X 4.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.5 mm, W (A) ^ 7.9 mm, )?(B)^
5mm, JWmK^., ^tlb®te, -N^, mM^(c:? Lm^^y'gB^^S^ L < ^t^ tlT^S^-, c®B®^^df^^®&^^^cl:^L^?ft^{JB^r^^. <i®^W?M®,LH%{c®fc^-c^, -^(tij/J^^^O^t^t/^^^^^^^^O^d^^/O^if^b^^.
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^:j[|7j<^®M2WX^%^^T, ^7 ^ ^ 3^-^y" 1- ^ ^o^WW^^W^m^379—
^
Fig. 9. Photographs of the 3 kinds of sticklebacks and their hybrids.
1. P. sinensis 4. P. sinensis ? X P. tymensis S 7. P. tymensis 9 x P. sinensis S2. P. pnngitius 5. P. pungitms ? ><P. sinensis 3 8. P. s'inensis ? xP. pungitius $3. P. tymensis 6. P. tymensis 9 x P. pzmgitius S 9. P. pz<,ngiti.us9 xP. tymensisS
(the upper part-'-female: the lower part-'-male)
h ? 3 CO^
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381
Table 12. Comparison of each mesuring part of the body; body height, head length, trunk length, length andheight of caudal peduncle, length of central dorsal spine, pelvic spine and pelvic girdle (A) and (B),number of dorsal spines and scutes, and types of scute-row, among the 16 individuals in both re-ciprocal hybrids of P. ti/mensis and P. pungitws, and P. sinensis and P. pi(,ngit,ws. The lenth and
height parts are shown by % of length of mesuring part/body length, and the parts of number areshown by practical number.
Measuredbody No.
Gross Sex Body I Head |Trunk|iheight!length|length|l
Taillength!
Lengthof
caudalpeduncel|reduncle
Heightof
caudal
Lengthof
centraldorsalspine
Lengthof
pelvicspine
Lengthof
pelvicgirdle'(A)
Lengthof
pelvicgirdle'(B)
Numberof
dorsalspines
Number ofscutes
Type ofscute-row
18 ; P. (.9 X P. p. i
25 ; P. t. ? X P. p.
46
67
116
P. (.? xP.p.;
P. (.? xP.p.
P. p.? XP. t.S
121 ; p. p. 9 xP. t.S
125 ' p. p.? ><P. t.S
132 IP. p.? xP. t.SI
202 |p. s.? xP.p.S
209 !P.s.?xP.p.3
210 p. .9. ? x P. p. 3
217 ip. s.? xP.p.S
307 . p. p.? xP. s.$
312 I P. p.? xP. s.S
320 P. p.? xP. s.S
323 I P. p.? XP. s.S
?
3
9
I $
19.2
18.8
20.5
18.5 \
19.0
19.8
18.5
20.8
17.8
16.8
18.3
18.0
19.8
17.4
18.8
16.8
31.0
31.0 ;
33.0
29.0
32.5
30.0
28.0
32.8
29.5
29.0
30.0
31.0
29.5
28.5
29.5
28.5
34.0 . 35.0
35.0
32.5
32.0
33.0
34.0
34.5
39.0
34.5
34.0 i 36.0
36.0 36,0
31.2 | 36.0
31.0
31.0
32.0
39.5
40.0
38.0
31.0 ] 38.0
30.5 ; 40.0
I31.5 i 40.0
i31.0 i 39.5
30.5 ! 41.0
9.4
8.2
8.7
8.2
7.1
6.2
9.2
9.0
9.5
no
8.5
9.8
9.9
10.2
9.5
10.2
3.8
3.6
4.2
3.5
3.9
3.5
3.2
4.2
3.0
3.1
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.0
2.8
2.6
4.4
4.3
5.8
5.7
4.4
4.8
5.4
5.0
5.9
6.3
6.1
5.8
6.1
6.4
6.0
6.3
8.5
9.4
10.0
8.8
8.6
8.5
9.3
9.0
11.6
12.4
12.5
11.2
11.3
11.6
10.8
10.5
13.0
13.2
14.2
12.5
14.8
14.0
15.3
15.6
17.5
17.3
18.0
16.5
16.5
17.2
17.3
17.0
7.2
10.3
7.7
7.6
7.1
8.1
8.8
11.7
11.0
11.8
10.3
9.8
11.4
10.0
11.0
10
10
11
10
10
10
10
10
left 04-8right 2+7left 2+8right 4+8left 24-8right 04-8left 3+7right 3+7left 1+8right 04-8left 0+6right 0+-6left 0+6right 0+6left 0+6right 1+7left 3+1+17right 3+1+15left 5+15right 6+15legt 11+20right 11+1+201left 04-31right 34left 33right 8+24-20left 8-4-15right 6+1+13left 5+15right 64-15left 64-14right 64-14
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^/^ ^c j^ (Sj(/^j)^^ < ^'i^a^.
Hubbs, C., 1959 : Population analysis of a hybrid swarm between Gambztsia affinis and G. heterochir.
Evolution 13 : 236-246.
MiEB^P, 1933 : h f~ ^ ^ 0^-^^ €®^M. Ifi^, 45 : 141-173.-, 1935: :TWJ^OU^tfiO^. B^Mi^^, 5: 213-232.-, 1935: ^M®^@3^)S?®». TO, 3: 377-386., 1936: ^®M?!im. Sl^t, 48: 179.-, 1941: ^jnw^Ko-^^o^. mm, 53: 120.
Jordan, D. S. and E. C. Starks, 1902 : A review of the herd branchi ate fishes of Japan. Prsc. U. S.
Nat. Mus. 26 : 57-73.
jn-N-mip • 1947: K ^ a ^^W^K^ <5W®CT%. M, 2 : 149-152.-, 1947 : K y a ^?4^®!G^^ SW®W% II. SS^t, 57: 63-64.
? ^, 1956 : h V ^ ^ ^M o $IMM ^ ^Sl ^ ^ ^ ^@ o w^m. W, 26 : 258.— , 1957 : mioM^I§& U'^r 2, 3 O^fy^r.gt'^-C. jfc^^ffi^, ^2% 8: 44-51.
- -—, 1957: ^mWV'^3 ^^^^O^^r^l-^. M, 6: 160-169.Kobayashi, J., 1932 : General observation of Japanese Gasterosteud fishes. Jour. Sci. Hiroshima Univ.,
Series B, Div. 1, 1 : 145-154.
^ ^ ^
Makino, S., 1934 : The chromosomes of the sticklebacks, Pn.ngitius tymens'is (NIKOLSKY) and P. pun-
giti-ns (LINNAEUS). Cytoloia 5 : 155-168.
MsTO, 1955: i^mwm^m'M i.r^H^, 1950 : K -^ 3 ^ ch ^i> -^ -7 K '-? s r> ^ OIE^N^H, f^tclttt^^r^L^. 18^®^^-^%, 1: 7
-13.
-, 1951: -^-7 Ki> a ^W^Mb^-M. ^^, 1: 216-225.
Minamori S., 1950 : Isolating mechnism in striated spinous loach, Cobitis taenia striata. Jour Sci.
Hiroshima Univ. Ser. B, Div. 1, 11: 55-59.
, 1951: The lethal phenomena in the second generation of the spinous loach hybrid. Ibid.12: 57-66.
, 1952: Pysiological isolation in Cobitidae. 1. Two races of the striated spinous loachwith special reference to the difference in their embryonic respiration. Ibid. 13 : 199-212.
, 1953 : Pysiological isolation in Cobitidae. 2. Inviability of hybrids between the mudloach and some local races of spinous loaches. Ibid. 14 : 125-149.
, 1957: Pysiological isolation in Gobitidae. 5. Sterility of the hybrids between the mudloach and six races of spinous loaches. Ibid. 17 : 55-64.
Okada Y. and H. Ikeda, 1938 : Contribution to the study of the freshwater fish fauna of Hokkaido,Japan. Se. Rap. T. B. D. Sect. B 3 : 133-162.
Otaki C. T., 1907 : The stickl-backes of Japan. Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 2 : 111-115.
Sadoglu P., 1958 : Mendelian inheritance in the hybrids between the mexican bling cave fishes andtheir overground ancestor. Zool. Anz. 21: 432-439.
Swarup H., 1958 : Stages in the development of the stickleback Gasterosten,s aczileatzis (L.). J. Embryol.
exp. Morph. 6: 373-383.
384