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2012.7 Slide 2 Grey whales have long been _____ in the north Atlantic and hunting was an important cause for that. A) extinctB) extinguished C) detainedD) deprived Slide 3 extinct extinct If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of spiders that are alive today will have become extinct.(2001) instinct Aggression is a kind of innate ( ) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existences of human violence.(2002.6) by instinct on instinct Slide 4 distinct; distinctive Anything clearly noticed is distinct. A thing or quality that is clearly different from others of its kind is distinctive, or distinct from. Theres a distinct smell of beer in this room Beer has a very distinctive smell; its quite distinct from the smell of wine. Slide 5 extinguish They tired to extinguish the fames. Firemen soon put the fire out. The fire has gone out. Absence to love is what wind is to fire. It extinguishes the small; it inflames the great. Slide 6 detain -tain=keep The police have detained the suspect. We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained.(2003.6) He abstained from smoking.( ) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitamins(2000.1) The last of thesein particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricityis ultimately the only sustainable option. (2000.6) obtain Slide 7 deprive No one can function properly if they are deprived of adequate sleep.(2000.6) pri= private/public school Saving Private Ryan Live in privacy privilege of birth give priority to Slide 8 He was given major responsibility for operating the remote manipulator to ________ the newly launched satellite. A) retreatB) retrieve C) embodyD) embrace Slide 9 manipulate Too many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly ( ) manipulated into parent-hood by their parents, who think that happiness among older people depends on having a grand-child to spoil. (2005.12) mani- manner/manage/manual manuscript manacle (acle ) handcuff(cuff ) manufacture maintain ( ) mandate Slide 10 retreat Will space be an exotic( ) retreat reserved for only the wealthy? Or will middle-class folks have a chance to take their families to space? (2006.12) maltreat /malnutrition/malfunction abuse/abnormal/abduct( ) treaty NATO=North Atlantic Treaty Organization Slide 11 retrieve Consumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profit.(2005.1) To retrieve some data, one has to consult a computer. Slide 12 embody embrace The author assert that all things American are fascinating to foreigners because they embody the most sophisticated technology. Slide 13 em- en " embrace embed empathy embarrass em+barrass enroll en+roll encage en+cage enchain en+chain enlist " empower embitter emboss em+boss enact en+act enchant en+chant encompass en+compass encourage enlighten Slide 14 Foreign students are facing unprecedented delays, as visa applications receive closer ________ than ever. A) appraisalB) scanning C) retentionD) scrutiny Slide 15 unprecedented proceed (go forward) (go on) the process of history legal procedure lantern procession precede ced,cede,ceed=go Slide 16 ced,cede,ceed=go precede precedent preceding exceed concede (con ) accede (ac-=to) recede (re=back) Slide 17 application applyto apply to apply tofor appliance/instrument/equipment/device applicant applied/pure science Slide 18 appraisal praise appraise( ) -al Slide 19 al national / basal equal loyal formal / oral / mental / trial / arrival removal / refusal arrival rival rascal / criminal / dial animal hospital signal Slide 20 scan scan: look at every part of sth carefully, especially because you are looking for a particular thing or person skim: read sth quickly in order to find a particular point or the main point scandal Slide 21 spot watch observe witness scrutiny (scrunit ) glance glimpse sightsee peer stare gaze gape Slide 22 tent,tain abstention detention retention sustenance content Slide 23 If you are late for the appointment, you might ________ the interviewer and lose your chance of being accepted. A) irrigateB) intrigue C) irritateD) intimidate Slide 24 irrigate (ir=in; rig=water) The lady seemed annoyed because I had dialed the wrong number. The second time, she seemed irritated. irritate Dont be angry, Dont be irritated. anger and irritation bring about early aging. Slide 25 anger lose ones temper annoyance provocation displeasure vexation fury rage Slide 26 intrigue v. n. schemes and intrigues trig=trick trick sb into doing trick sb out of tricky -y intricate( tricks) A detective story usually has an intricate plot. complex ; complicated Slide 27 intimidate timid intimidate=put sb into timidity= shy frightened fearful coward chicken Slide 28 Childrens idea of a magic kingdom is often dancers in animal ________ as they have often seen in Disneyland. A) cushionsB) costumes C) skeletonsD) ornaments Slide 29 costume uniform outfit strip costume ornament furnish decoration Slide 30 skeleton a skeleton in the cupboard:secret which would embarrass sb if it became known a skeleton crew [staff] walking skeleton Slide 31 Ever since the first nuclear power stations were built, doubts have ________ about their safety. A) preservedB) survived C) suspendedD) lingered Slide 32 preserve serv= keep conserve: use carefully without waste conserve the forest; conserve ones energy conservative reserve: keep for special use reserve a table preserve: prevent sb/sth from being harmed or destroyed preserve dead bodies from decay Slide 33 viv-,vit-vig vivid a ; (viv+id) revive v revival n survive v survival n vital a (vit+al) vitality n (vital+izy) vitamin n (vit+a+min ) vigor n vigorous a Slide 34 pend; pens=to weigh, hang, pay suspend appendix pension compensate indispensable Slide 35 This clearly shows that crops and weeds have quite a number of ________ in common. A) traitsB) traces C) tracksD) trails Slide 36 trait trait characteristic character feature portrait profile traitor Slide 37 trace trace a trace of trace back track field track keep track lose track trail trial and error Slide 38 From science to Shakespeare, excellent television and video programs are available ______ to teacher. A) in stockB) in store C) in operationD) in abundance in stock/out of stock take stock of stock broker Slide 39 abundance be abundant/rich in Globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation ( ) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. (2005.12) Slide 40 When the Italian poet Dante was ________ from his home in Florence, he decided to walk from Italy to Paris to search for the real meaning of life. A) exertedB) expired C) exiledD) exempted Slide 41 exert He exerted all his influence to make them accept his plan. . Her husband exerted a lot of pressure on her to succeed. , . You'll have to exert yourself more if you want to pass your exam. , . Slide 42 expire spir conspire expire inspire( ) aspire despair( ) desperate prosper( ) Slide 43 exile banish deport Slide 44 Habits acquired in youth--notably smoking and drinking--may increase the risk of ________ diseases in a persons later life. A) consecutive B) chronic C) critical D) cyclical Slide 45 acquire acquire obtain gain acquisition require requisite inquire/enquire exquisite Slide 46 consecutive sec=follow second the motion consecutive(secut=follow) successive execute CEO: chief executive officer persecute(per=throughout ) Slide 47 chronic chronic acute painful sore agonize stabbing chron=time chronic chronicle synchronize(syn ) Slide 48 critical a critical remark We are at a critical time in the history. be critical of critic criticize; criticism crisis crit= criterion criteria(pl.) Slide 49 F. W. Woolworth was the first businessman to erect a true skyscraper to ________ himself, and in 1929, A1 Smith, a former governor of New York, sought to outreach him. A) portray B) proclaim C) exaggerate D) commemorate Slide 50 erect erect a monument rect=straight; right correct direct rectangle rectify Slide 51 scrape scrape scrap(scrape ) scr=write describe ascribe inscribe prescribe subscribe transcription Slide 52 out- outreach Our products outperform/outdo others in many aspects. The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. He's already outgrown his older brother. The French outlive American by more than four years. In the elementary schools, the female teachers far outnumber the male counterparts Our products are outselling other established imports. Slide 53 out outbreak outburst outcome outflow outhouse outing outlast outlaw outline output outrageous outset outshine outside outstanding outstretch outwards outwit Slide 54 proclaim claim=shout; cry out claim acclaim (ac=to ) counterclaim (counter=against) declaim (de=fully) exclaim proclaim Slide 55 To label their produce as organic, farmers have to obtain a certificate showing that no ________ chemicals have been used to kill pests on the farm for two years. A) toxic B) tragic C) nominal D) notorious Slide 56 organic organic organic substances, compounds, matter, etc Slide 57 certificate certificate (certi ) birth/death/marriage certificate certify certitude certification license Slide 58 tragic tragic sight tragedy comedy sitcom serial drama script scenario plot villain( ) disaster catastrophe hazard Slide 59 nominal nominal ruler of the country name after in the name of call sb names namely/that is to say/i.e. surname=family name nominate anonymous(an=no nym=name) Slide 60 notorious notorious noted/notable noticeable/noteworthy famous/well-known celebrated/distinguished/eminent/prestig ious/prominent/renowned/outstanding/r eputable Slide 61 Ancient Greek gymnastics training programs were considered to be an ________ part of the childrens education. A) intact B) integral C) inclusive D) infinite Slide 62 gymnastics gymnastics gymnasium gym athletics aerobics ethics aesthetics Slide 63 intact tactics tang,tact,ting,tig,tag=touch tangible intangible contagious ( ) infectious ( ) tangle integral /integrate /integrity Slide 64 inclusive include/exclude inclusive/exclusive anything but/nothing but/all but clus=close close/closet disclose/enclose/enclosure( ) conclude/conclusion/conclusive( , ) preclude Slide 65 infinite/finite / fin=end, fine( ) finish/final/finalize( ) finance/financial confine/restrict/limit to define( ) definition/definite/definitely Slide 66 Researchers have found that happiness doesnt appear to be anyones______; the capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself. A) disposal B) domain C) heritage D ) hostage Slide 67 capacity( ) cap=catch hold escape=out of being caught capture /captive n. adj. capsule cabbage cabin cabinet cap=head capital captain Slide 68 capacity ability aptitude competence know-how expertise capability proficiency talent/gift/flair faculty Slide 69 disposal at ones disposal/dispose of pos=put position compose/composition decompose component deposit expose to /exposure/exposition impose /oppose /opponent/opposition propose/proposal/ Slide 70 domain dome home domestic dominate/dominant predominant Slide 71 heritage inherit heritage /legacy /tradition hes,her=stick hesitate/hesitation adhesive cohesive adhere to heir successor inherent Slide 72 hostage hostage hostile hospital hospitality a host of friends hotel/hostel Slide 73 We want our children to have more than job skills; we want their lives to be ____ and their perspectives to be broadened. A) envisaged B) excelled C) exceeded D) enriched Slide 74 perspective perspective (per=throughout) spect=see; look expect/respect/despise inspect aspect prospect /prospective spectacle /spectacular spectrum Slide 75 envisage vi=see visit/visible/vision/visual/visualzie revise/supervise vista evident/evidence provide/provided prudent( ) wise/wisdom/wit/witty witness Slide 76 Online schools, which ________ the needs of different people, have emerged as an increasingly popular education alternative. A) stir up B) switch on C) cater to D) consent to Slide 77 alternative alter/change/vary/range alternate /alternative/choice alt,ali( )=other alien ET=Extra-Terrestrial( ) Slide 78 cater cater for cater for the party/banquet TV must cater for many different tastes. cater to newspapers catering to peoples love of scandal Slide 79 This kind of songbird sleeps much less during its annual __,but that doesnt seem to affect its flying. A) migration B) emigration C) conveyance D) transference Slide 80 convey vey;vi=way by way of /in a way/in no way/by the way/in the way/make way vehicle voyage deviate obvious( ) previous/prior to Slide 81 transfer fer=carry,bring differ infer confer offer prefer suffer Slide 82 trans transform transmit transparent(par=appear) transition(it=go) transcend(scend=climb) transcribe transient Slide 83 The developing nations want rich countries to help shoulder the cost of ________ forests. A) updating B) upgrading C) conserving D) constructing Slide 84 shoulder shoulder one's way through the crowd give sb/get the cold shoulder The burden of guilt has been lifted from my shoulders. . Slide 85 up = up, over upheaval n uphold v uproot v upgrade n upfront a upsurge upright uproar Slide 86 In the study, researchers succeeded in determining how coffee ________ different areas of the brain in 15 volunteers. A) integrated B) motivated C) illuminated D) activated Slide 87 motivate motive adj. n. mot,mov,mob=move emotion promote remote motel mob mobile/mobilize/immobile Slide 88 illuminate illuminating (lumin=light) enlightened light in (the)light of throw/cast/shed light on light up enlighten highlight lightening thunder Slide 89 They are trying to ________ the risk as much as they can by making a more thorough investigation of the market. A) minimize B) harmonize C) summarize D) jeopardize jeopardize Slide 90 investigate vestige inspect look into survey probe( ) explore check scrutinize Slide 91 minimize mini miniature castle minute diminish minor/major/minority/majority minimum/maximum/ min=project eminent prominent Slide 92 summarize in sum /sum up summ=highest point summit sum, sumpt=take, use, waste presume assume/assumption consume/consumption resume Slide 93 The cycles of the sun and moon are simple, but_____ forces which have shaped human lives since the beginning. A) frantic B) gigantic C) sensational D) maximum frantic Slide 94 gigantic gigantic vast immense enormous colossal titanic massive giant sizable Slide 95 sensational in a sense/make sense nonsense /senseless sensible/sensitive sensation sentiment assent n. v. consent resent consensus Slide 96 An effort was launched recently to create the first computer ________ of the entire human brain. A) repetition B) repression C) saturation ( ) D) simulation launch threats, insults, gibes, etc at sb ... launch an attack/offensive (against the enemy) [ ] Slide 97 repression press conference depress/depression suppress (sup=sub ) express impress sth on ones mind/impress sth with compress oppress Slide 98 simulation stimulate sim,sem,sym,syn=same resemble /assemble similar/similarity/assimilate simultaneous /spontaneous /homogenous /instantaneous symbol/symptom/sympathy syndrome synonym synthesis Slide 99 In the face of the disaster, the world has united to aid millions of ____ people trying to piece their lives back together. A) fragile B) primitive C) vulnerable D) susceptible piece Slide 100 fragile fragment frag=break fraction (decimal) fracture Slide 101 primitive prior to/priority (superior/inferior/interior/subordinate) primary prime precaution prevail(vail=strength ) prevalent presume(sum=take) preclude predominant pretext Slide 102 be vulnerable to susceptible(cept,ceiv=take) receive/reception/receipient conceive/concept/conceit deceive/deception /deceit Slide 103 AIDS is a global problem that demands a unified, worldwide solution, which is not only the responsibility of nations in which AIDS is most ________. A) relevant B) prevalent C) vigorous D) rigorous be relevant to rigorous rigid Slide 104 solution solve dissolve resolve(re ) resolve to do/on doing New Year Resolution be resolute in doing absolve /absolute /absolutely absolutely/completely/totally/entirely/thoroug hly/utterly/wholly Slide 105 After the earthquake, a world divided by ________ and religious disputes suddenly faced its common humanity in this shocking disaster. A) ethnic B) epidemic C) strategic D) pathetic ethnic ethic epidemic (dem=people) democracy(cracy=rule) Slide 106 pathetic in sympathy with miserable wretched pitiable pathetic Slide 107 dispute dispute argue debate discuss quarrel row feud Slide 108 Psychologists suggest that children who are shy are more ________ to develop depression and anxiety later in life. A) eligible B) engaged C) prone D) prospective engage engagement be busy with/be engaged in/be occupied in Slide 109 eligible lect, leg, lig=choose neglect(neg=no lect=choose) ignore elect/collect/select delegate(de=from ) elegant( ) diligent eligible/qualified/suitable Slide 110 prone tend to do be likely to be prone to be liable to be inclined to be apt to do Slide 111 Initially, the scientists and engineers seemed ________ by the variety of responses people can make to a poem. A) reinforced B) embarrassed C) depressed D) bewildered bewildered=confused Slide 112 reinforce come into force/being/existence enforce make joint efforts to do fort fortify Slide 113 Is it possible to stop drug ________ in the country within a very short time? A) adoption B) addiction C) contemplation D) compulsion Slide 114 contemplate consider/take sth into consideration reflect speculate ponder meditate ( ) Slide 115 adopt adapt adept be apt at doing be apt to do opt/option/optional Slide 116 addiction be addicted to dictation/dictate/dictator diction contradict predict/foresee/foretell/forecast verdict dedicate/devote to indicate Slide 117 compulsion force>compel>oblige compulsory education pel/puls=push expel propel impulse pulse repel Slide 118 The parents of Lindsay, 13, an ________ tennis player who spends eight hours a day on the court, admit that a regular school is not an option for their daughter. A) exotic B) equivalent C) elite D) esthetic exotic elite grass root ( ) esthetic Slide 119 Our research confirmed the ________ that when children have many different caregivers, important aspects of their development are liable to be overlooked. A) hypothesis B) hierarchy C) synthesis D) syndrome hypothesis synthetic hypo=under, less hyper=over, exceed Slide 120 overbid overcharge overcome overdose overdue overexert overflow overgrow overhead overhear overjoyed overlap overload overlook overtaken overthrow overweight overwhelm overwork Slide 121 Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad. A) originality B) subjectivity C) generality D) ambiguity Slide 122 originality originality novelty original /initial ori= Orient =Occident (cid=set) orientation examination-oriented education cid=set kill accident/incident Slide 123 subjective subjective She was subjected to torture.( ) ject=throw eject erupt injectinto sb=inject sb with object objective project projector jet Slide 124 generality in general-----in particular generalization gen= generate generation degenerate gender/sex pregnant( ) conceive be generous to sb/with sth Slide 125 ambiguity ambiguous vague dim amb ambition/ambitious embassy /ambassador Slide 126 With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, the European Union declared itselfin 11 official languagesopen for business. A) inspiration B) assimilation C) intuition D) aspiration intuition(in=into; tu=look) insight/instinct/sixth sense Slide 127 declare declare state assert affirm proclaim announce clar=clear clarify/clarity Slide 128 America has now adopted more ___ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling. A) discrete B) solemn C) rigorous D) autonomous discrete(cret=separate) Slide 129 solemn serious grave sober solemn( ) sol=alone solitary/solitude solidarity console( ) sol=sun solar system Slide 130 incidence incident (in) cad,cid=fall accident/accidentally incident/incidentally occasion/occasionally coincide/coincidence Occident/Orient casualty Slide 131 autonomous auto=sefl autobiography(bio=life; graphy=writing) automate/automation autonomy=self-government ATM = Auto Teller Machine authentic(hent=doer) autism Slide 132 Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ________ spur to efficiency and innovation. A) extravagant B) exquisite C) intermittent D) indispensable spur efficiency/frequency/proficiency/sufficiency innovation(nov=new) novel; renovate exquisite Slide 133 innovation nov=new novel novelty renovate Slide 134 extravagant extravagant /luxurious extra-,exter, extro=outside, outward exterior external extraordinary(ordin=order) extrovert vag=wander vague /vagrant Slide 135 intermittent continual( )/continuous( )/interval( ) inter, intel, enter=between interrupt(rupt=break) intellectual(lect=choose ) intervene(ven=come) intercede(ced=go) intersect(sect=cut) Slide 136 intermittent mit,mis=send missile/mission commit/commitment emit/emission omit/omission(o=ob=away) transmit submit(sub=under) Slide 137 In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are ________ today. A) transient B) commonplace C) implicit D) elementary commonplace Slide 138 transient trans=beyond; across; over transaction/transform/translate it=go circuit/circuitous(circu=round) initiate/initiative/initial perish(per=thoroughly) transit Slide 139 implicit ply, plic = fold imply( )/indicate/hint/suggest complicate/complex( ) explicit exploit ( ) Slide 140 implicit ply, plic = fold triple/multiple/quadruple diploma ( )simple( ) deploy( ) replicate /duplicate perplex( ) Slide 141 I was so ________ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket for the first time. A) immersed B) assaulted C) thrilled D) dedicated assault/insult/result thrilled/frantic /keen /zealous dedicated/devoted/committed Slide 142 immerse merge=sink; dip merge emerge emergency submerge Slide 143 His arm was __ from the sharks mouth and reattached, but the boy, who nearly died, remained in a delicate condition. A) retrieved B) retained C) repelled D) restored reattach/attach/detach retrieve: repel restore Slide 144 Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ________ to be the Greatest American. A) appointed B) appeased C) nicknamed D) dominated appease Slide 145 The ________ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decrease the crime rate. A) overflowing B) overwhelming C) prevalent D) premium penalty/punish Slide 146 premium pre=before precaution preclude(clude=shut) predecessor preface pregnant(gen,gn ) preliminary preside(side=sit) Slide 147 We will also see a ________ increase in the number of televisions per household, as small TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors. A) startling B) surpassing C) suppressing D) stacking detect/detective/detector startled/surprised/shocked/astonished/st unned Slide 148 The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ________ values and ideas, including our idea of what constitutes home. A) enriched B) enlightened C) cherished D) chartered charter Slide 149 constitute sta=stand contrast withstand outstanding static assist/persist(per=through)/resist institute/substitute prostitute( ) statue/status/ Slide 150 Researchers have discovered that ________ with animals in an active way may lower a persons blood pressure. A) interacting B) integrating C) migrating D) merging Slide 151 The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveled worldwide for many years, _____ cultural barriers. A) transporting B) transplanting C) transferring D) transcending Slide 152 transcend scend, scal=climb ascend v./ascent n. transcend descend/descent/descendant escalator Slide 153 In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ________ him of much of his sight. A) relieved B) jeopardized C) deprived D) eliminated relieve/believe/grieve/prove v. eliminate Slide 154 Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become denser and less ____ to injury. A) attached B) prone C) immune D) reconciled dense immune(mun=service) municipal reconcile Slide 155 pone be inclined to be apt to tend to be prone to be liable to