(2259 ) 4~5 Innovations for Water Purification Do you think the tap water at your home or school is clean enough for drinking? If not, what do you usually do to make it cleaner? If you were a scientist, do you have any good ideas for bringing clean water to those in need? 2 Pre-reading 3 DO YOU KNOW ? Pre-reading Scan the article and decide in which paragraph (1-8) of the article you can find the following information. 4 SCAN AND ANSWER 1. the estimated number of people without enough clean water by how bacteria in wastewater can be used to clean the water 3. how AQUAtaps operate Pre-reading Engineer Bruce Logan of Penn State University is perfecting a process by which bacteria in wastewater can generate the necessary electrical power to clean the water. Word bank: 5 electrical power perfect v. While reading generate v. In Angola, Quest Water Solutions has teamed up with the local government to develop and install drinking stations called AQUAtaps, which use solar energy to purify drinking water inside. 6 develop v. install v. purify v. team up with solar energy While reading Word bank: The AQUAtap fits nicely with the Angolan governments water for all initiative. For Angolans, the AQUAtap project brings clean water and local jobs with no carbon emissions in the process. 7 initiative v. carbon emission While reading Word bank: 8 Choose an appropriate word for each sentence and fill in the blank with its proper form. 1. Both Madame Curie and her husband were outstanding __________. 2. The salt has been __________ for medical use. 3. We should __________ on every chance we get to improve our English. 4. The cheese was __________ a strong smell. 5. Demand for __________ peaks in the early evening. capital electrical physics purification emission While reading physicists purified capitalize emitting electricity VOCABULARY EXERCISES Translate the following sentences into English. While reading 1. (out of reach) 2. (accessible) 3. (deprive) 4. (team up with) Be sure to keep the medicines out of reach of children. This island is accessible only by boat. The trees outside the windows deprive my house of light. Bill prefers to do business alone rather than team up with anybody. VOCABULARY EXERCISES 1. According to _______, 1.8 billion people will live without enough clean water by A. Penn State University B. the United Nations C. Professor John Balanko D. a Canadian technology company 10 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading 2. According to the article, ______ can be used to purify dirty water. bacteria battery oxygen molecules the sun solar panels solar energy containers viruses A. B. C. D. 11 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading 3. Which of the following statements about AQUAtaps is NOT TRUE? A. Both the solar panels and the batteries are installed on top of AQUAtaps. B. AQUAtaps are part of the African sun solution. C. Currently, AQUAtaps operate only in Angola. D. AQUAtaps do not require much energy nor much capital. 12 COMPREHENSION Choose the best answer. While reading 1. How can the bacteria in wastewater produce electrons? The bacteria can produce electrons when they are deprived of oxygen in a microbial fuel cell. 13 While reading Answer the following question. 2. Why could AQUAtaps be a solution that people can raise their glasses to? Because the project not only brings clean water to Angolans, but it brings local jobs, too. Besides, it doesnt emit carbon dioxide in the process. 14 While reading Answer the following question. Engineer Bruce Logan is perfecting a process by which bacteria in wastewater can generate the necessary electrical power to clean the water. Language study In formal English, we often put a preposition before the relative pronouns which and whom. Notice that after a preposition, we cant use who; we use whom instead. And we cant use that either. 15 GRAMMAR TIP e.g. The rate at which a material heats up depends on its chemical composition. 1. I climbed up to the top of the mountain, ____________________ ______________________________________________. 2. I would like to thank Jessica, ____________________________ ______________________________________________. 3. I have now moved back to the house on Chongming Island, ____ ______________________________________________. 16 YOUR TURN Choose an appropriate sentence (half) from the box to complete the following sentences using which or whom after a proper preposition. from which I got a good view Language study from whom I learned how to play chess in which I was born I was bornI got a good view I learned how to play chess As a high school student, what can you do to help future generations and those in need live with enough clean water? 17 After reading Question for further discussion: Perhaps most of us can hardly come up with innovative ideas to purify dirty water, but we can do our part to save clean water for future generations and those in need. For example, we should always remember to turn off taps after using water, or perhaps collect rainwater to wash our cars Hints: