θ 23 - experiments
DESCRIPTION
θ 23 - experiments. Introduction Atmospheric neutrinos Super Kamiokande Soudan2 Macro Long Baseline, accelerator K2K Minos CNGS Numi Off-axis JHF Summary. Neutrino Oscillations. Weak Mass eigenstates. where. i.e. Majorana => 2 extra phases, α 1 , α 2. m 3. Δ m 2 13. m 2. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GF Pearce 1
θ23 - experiments
bull Introduction
bull Atmospheric neutrinos
ndash Super Kamiokande
ndash Soudan2
ndash Macro
bull Long Baseline accelerator
ndash K2Kndash Minos
ndash CNGS
ndash Numi Off-axis
ndash JHF
bull Summary
GF Pearce 2
Neutrino Oscillations
phaseviolCPδandscwhere
cs
sc
ciδes
iδesc
cs
sc
UUU
UUU
UUU
U
ijijijij
τττ
μμμ
eee
sincos
100
0
0
0
010
0
0
0
001
1212
1212
1313
1313
2323
2323
321
321
321
3
2
1
132313231223121323122312
132313231223121323122312
1313121312
cciδescssciδesccss
csiδessscciδessccs
iδescscce
3
2
1
321
321
321
τττ
μμμ
eeee
UUU
UUU
UUU
Weak Mass eigenstates
where
ie
Majorana =gt 2 extra phases α1 α2
GF Pearce 3
Oscillation Probabilities
ji
)E
LijΔm(biUajUbjUaiUababP
22712sin4
Probability that νa of energy Eν oscillates to νb over a path length L is
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin23
2sin13
22sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Ignoring CP violation and matter effects yields 9 probabilities
222jiij mmm where
etc
eg
m1
m2
m3
Δm213
Δm213
Are the differences in m2 between the mass eigenstates
GF Pearce 4
Oscillation Analyses
E
LmP
atmatm
22712sin22sin
Atmospheric analyses mostly perform a 2 ν oscillation analysis
From the evidence we know atmospheric oscillations are νμ-gt ντ and θ13 is small so this is a good approximation
Strictly need to perform a 3 ν oscillation analysis to extract θ23 Such analyses are starting to be used ndash basically to get at θ13
GF Pearce 5
Atmospheric Neutrinos
Mean Eν ~ 1GeV
10 lt Llt 13000 km
05 lt Δm2 lt 10-4 eV2
GF Pearce 6
Super Kamiokande
Kamioka Mine Japan
2700mwe overburden
50kton water Cerenkov
(32kton inner 18kton outer)
225 kton fiducial volume
1489 day exposure
11146 PMTs (inner)
1885 PMTs (outer)
The dominant detector in this field
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 2
Neutrino Oscillations
phaseviolCPδandscwhere
cs
sc
ciδes
iδesc
cs
sc
UUU
UUU
UUU
U
ijijijij
τττ
μμμ
eee
sincos
100
0
0
0
010
0
0
0
001
1212
1212
1313
1313
2323
2323
321
321
321
3
2
1
132313231223121323122312
132313231223121323122312
1313121312
cciδescssciδesccss
csiδessscciδessccs
iδescscce
3
2
1
321
321
321
τττ
μμμ
eeee
UUU
UUU
UUU
Weak Mass eigenstates
where
ie
Majorana =gt 2 extra phases α1 α2
GF Pearce 3
Oscillation Probabilities
ji
)E
LijΔm(biUajUbjUaiUababP
22712sin4
Probability that νa of energy Eν oscillates to νb over a path length L is
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin23
2sin13
22sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Ignoring CP violation and matter effects yields 9 probabilities
222jiij mmm where
etc
eg
m1
m2
m3
Δm213
Δm213
Are the differences in m2 between the mass eigenstates
GF Pearce 4
Oscillation Analyses
E
LmP
atmatm
22712sin22sin
Atmospheric analyses mostly perform a 2 ν oscillation analysis
From the evidence we know atmospheric oscillations are νμ-gt ντ and θ13 is small so this is a good approximation
Strictly need to perform a 3 ν oscillation analysis to extract θ23 Such analyses are starting to be used ndash basically to get at θ13
GF Pearce 5
Atmospheric Neutrinos
Mean Eν ~ 1GeV
10 lt Llt 13000 km
05 lt Δm2 lt 10-4 eV2
GF Pearce 6
Super Kamiokande
Kamioka Mine Japan
2700mwe overburden
50kton water Cerenkov
(32kton inner 18kton outer)
225 kton fiducial volume
1489 day exposure
11146 PMTs (inner)
1885 PMTs (outer)
The dominant detector in this field
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 3
Oscillation Probabilities
ji
)E
LijΔm(biUajUbjUaiUababP
22712sin4
Probability that νa of energy Eν oscillates to νb over a path length L is
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin23
2sin13
22sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Ignoring CP violation and matter effects yields 9 probabilities
222jiij mmm where
etc
eg
m1
m2
m3
Δm213
Δm213
Are the differences in m2 between the mass eigenstates
GF Pearce 4
Oscillation Analyses
E
LmP
atmatm
22712sin22sin
Atmospheric analyses mostly perform a 2 ν oscillation analysis
From the evidence we know atmospheric oscillations are νμ-gt ντ and θ13 is small so this is a good approximation
Strictly need to perform a 3 ν oscillation analysis to extract θ23 Such analyses are starting to be used ndash basically to get at θ13
GF Pearce 5
Atmospheric Neutrinos
Mean Eν ~ 1GeV
10 lt Llt 13000 km
05 lt Δm2 lt 10-4 eV2
GF Pearce 6
Super Kamiokande
Kamioka Mine Japan
2700mwe overburden
50kton water Cerenkov
(32kton inner 18kton outer)
225 kton fiducial volume
1489 day exposure
11146 PMTs (inner)
1885 PMTs (outer)
The dominant detector in this field
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 4
Oscillation Analyses
E
LmP
atmatm
22712sin22sin
Atmospheric analyses mostly perform a 2 ν oscillation analysis
From the evidence we know atmospheric oscillations are νμ-gt ντ and θ13 is small so this is a good approximation
Strictly need to perform a 3 ν oscillation analysis to extract θ23 Such analyses are starting to be used ndash basically to get at θ13
GF Pearce 5
Atmospheric Neutrinos
Mean Eν ~ 1GeV
10 lt Llt 13000 km
05 lt Δm2 lt 10-4 eV2
GF Pearce 6
Super Kamiokande
Kamioka Mine Japan
2700mwe overburden
50kton water Cerenkov
(32kton inner 18kton outer)
225 kton fiducial volume
1489 day exposure
11146 PMTs (inner)
1885 PMTs (outer)
The dominant detector in this field
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 5
Atmospheric Neutrinos
Mean Eν ~ 1GeV
10 lt Llt 13000 km
05 lt Δm2 lt 10-4 eV2
GF Pearce 6
Super Kamiokande
Kamioka Mine Japan
2700mwe overburden
50kton water Cerenkov
(32kton inner 18kton outer)
225 kton fiducial volume
1489 day exposure
11146 PMTs (inner)
1885 PMTs (outer)
The dominant detector in this field
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 6
Super Kamiokande
Kamioka Mine Japan
2700mwe overburden
50kton water Cerenkov
(32kton inner 18kton outer)
225 kton fiducial volume
1489 day exposure
11146 PMTs (inner)
1885 PMTs (outer)
The dominant detector in this field
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 7
SuperK ν events
Fully contained νe νμ ~ 2 GeV
Partially contained νe νμ (primarily νμ) ~ 10 GeV
Upward going stopping μ ~ 10 GeV
Upward through going μ ~ 100 GeV
ν detection
4 event types
Good particle ID (muon-like electron-like)
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 8
SuperK Event Summary
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 9
SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
Null hypothesis νμ - ντ oscillation
νe νμ
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 10
SuperK νμ - ντ fits
νμ - ντ oscillation fit
90 CL16 10-3 lt Δm2 lt 30 10-3 eV2
sin22θ gt 092
Best FitΔm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10χ2
min = 1632170 dof
No oscillations fit
χ2min
= 4655170 dof
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 11
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
ELme
P
ELme
P
ELmP
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2cos
223
2712sin13
22sin23
2sin
223
2712sin23
22sin13
4cos
Assuming Δm212= Δm2
sol ltlt Δm2
23 Δm213
Neutrino oscillation probabilities are
Fit the data to 3 parameters Δm223 θ23 θ13
m1
m2
m3
Δm212
Δm223
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 12
SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
Best fit sin2θ23 = 10
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 13
Soudan2
2100 mwe underground in Soudan Mine Minnesota
963 ton modular fine grained tracking calorimeter with active shield
High resolution ndash picture quality events
Complementary to SuperKData taking ended June 2001
59 fiducial kiloton-years exposure
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 14
Soudan2 Neutrino Events
High resolution reconstruction
Fully (FCE) and Partially (PCE) contained events used in the analysis
HiRes sample used for LE analysis
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 15
e
micro
LE for e and micro flavour events
Soudan2 LE
Unoscill MCBest Fit MC
PCE
FCE
HiRes
Maximal oscillationsNo oscillations
Best fit
νμ data from two data samples
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 16
Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters(Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
Δm2 = 52 10-3 eV2
sin2 2θ = 097
A = 89 of Bartol 96
(Analysis with Battistoni (3D) flux yields very similar contours with A=105)
Best Fit
Likelihood fit to Δm2 sin2 2θ Confidence level contours
sin2 2θ
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
959068
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 17
MACROGran Sasso Laboratory Italy
53 kton detector High acceptance
500ps timing 1deg angular resolution
E from multiple scattering dEdX
νμ events amp upward μrsquos - νμ detection only
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 18
MACROResults
LE distribution good fit to oscillation hypothesis
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
MACRO - Limits on Δm2 sin22θ
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 19
Atmospheric LimitsSummary
Super-Kamiokande
Soudan
Macro HE
MACRO LE
Log
10 Δ
m2
(eV
2 )
(SuperK) Best Fit
Δm2 = 25 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 20
K2KThe first long baseline experiment
12 GeV PS KEK 51019 pot
Eν ~ 13 GeV 99 νμ
250 km
Far Detector ndash Super Kamiokande
Near Detector(s) at KEK
250km baseline
Measure νμ reduction spectrum distortion
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 21
K2KNear Detector(s)
Accurate measurement of beam flux and composition
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 22
K2K Events
s51
Tspill TSK
GPS
TOF=083ms
Beam events in SK cleanly identified
Atmospheric BG lt 10-3 events
Oscillation Analysis
Fit toNumber of Events
Spectral Shape
Fully Contained Events in Fiducial Volume
Observe 56
Expect 80 +73- 80
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 23
K2K LimitsAllowed region
P(no oscillations) = 1
90 CL
Δm2 = 15-39 10-3 eV2
at sin22θ = 10
Best Fit Parameters
Δm2 = 28 10-3 eV2
sin22θ = 10
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 24
MINOS
High intensity νμ beam from Fermilab to Soudan (Mn)
120GeV p 41013 ppp 41020 pyr 19s rep 8μs spill
Flexible beam ndash adjustable energy spectrum
Two detectors Near (1kT) and Far (54kT)
Calibration detector (mini-minos) CERN
7353 km baseline
1 km wide at soudan
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 25
MINOS Beam
CC EventsMINOS2 year
Low Medium High 5080 13800 29600
NUMI beam a feature of Minos
Tune beam spectrum by moving 2nd horn relative to target
Both and beams - later running__
First beam Dec 2004
Beam Energy Spectra
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 26
MINOS Detectors
Minos Far Detector
Site Soudan Minnesota 735km
Magnetised tracking calorimeter B ~ 13T
2 Supermodules 484 planes 54 kton
25cm thick steel 4x1 cm scint strips
Software triggering (flexible)
GPS to synch NDFD data
Veto shield (topsides) being installed
Installation complete MayJune 2003
Data taking since ~ Sep 2001
Minos Near Detector
Site Fermilab ~ 1km
Small Far detector
1kton 153 planes
~ 1km away
Pre-assembly at FNAL ready for installation
High rate ~ 50spill
Prospects for non-oscillation physics
Installation complete ~ Oct 2004
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 27
MINOS
Soudan 2CDMS II
shaft
MINOS Far DetectorInstallation complete MayJune 2003
Photo by Jerry Meier
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 28
MINOSOscillation parameter measurement - disappearance
oscillated
unoscillated
sin22θ
Δm2
CC events
Reconstruct energy
Compare Near (no osc) with Far energy spectrum
sin22θ Δm2 measurement from oscillation minimum
EEE
pp
hh 60
10
CC Energy Distributions
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 29
These plots are for a 10 kton-year exposure
MINOSSensitivity from disappearance
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 30
MinosA word on atmospheric neutrinos
90 CL
Data taking with Minos FD now
NightWeekend running during installation
Shield (topsides) being installed
Atmospheric analysis under way
Magnetic field ndash separation of μ+ μ-
Not dramatic measurement
But hellip
Interesting measurement is comparison between neutrino anti-neutrino
Assumes Super-K value of Δm2 sin22θ
Fit to LE (shape+norm)
Minos reconstruction software (prelim)
FC + PC events 5 years
SK
Preliminary
sin22θ
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 31
Aimed at ντ νe appearance
CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
Experiments
OPERA
ICARUS
νμ from CERN to Gran Sasso
flux Gran Sasso
Baseline = 732 km
400GeV SPS protons
76 1019 potyear
ltEνgt = 17 GeV
Optimised for ντ appearance
Beam by 3rd quarter 2006
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 32
OPERA ExperimentBriefly
~ 10
m
spectrometerMagnetised Iron Dipoles
Drift tubes and RPCs
target and decay detectorEach ldquosuper-modulerdquo is
a sequence of 31 ldquomodulesrdquo consisting of - a ldquowallrdquo of Pbemulsion ldquobricksrdquo- planes of orthogonal scintillator strips
scintillator strips
brick wall
module
brick(56 PbEm ldquocellsrdquo)
8 cm (10X0)
super module
177 kton
206336 bricks
Lead-emulsion bricks
Aim τ appearance
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 33
OPERA90 CL in 5 years
OPERA sensitivity
assuming the observation of a number of events corresponding to those expected for the given m2
Very little (no) information on sin22θ
years P3 P4
3 93 83
5 96 91
Probability to observe SuperK signal
90 CL limits m2 ( 10-3 eV2 )
15 32 50
Upper limit 21 38 56
Lower limit 08 26 43(U - L) (2True) 41 19 12
Nτ year 082 282 366
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 34
ICARUS ExperimentBriefly
Liquid Argon TPC
Bubble chamber like 3D imaging
Absolute timing and trigger from LAr scintillation light
Ambitious multi-purpose detector
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 35
ICARUSThat Event
2 Full 2D View from the Collection Wire Plane Drift coord (m)
Elm shower
2 4 6 1812Wire coord (m)
Zoom views
1
32
2
3
stop and decay in e
Detail of a long (14 m) track with -ray spots
Elm shower
T600 test Pv Run 201 - Evt 12
1
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 36
ICARUSSensitivity
Atmospheric Beam
νμ- ντ νμ- ντ
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 37
Off Axis ExperimentsNumi
Bernstein (hep-ex0212042)
90 CL
Comparison to Minos capabilityNUMI beam at an off-axis site
New off-axis detector under design(some assumptions made in this plot)
Primary Aim θ13 measurement
See talk by Alfons Weber at this meeting for details on Numi off-axis project
Sensitivity to Δm2 similar to Minos
Sensitivity to θ23 a little better
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 38
Off Axis ExperimentsJHF - Overview
Super-K 50 kt
Conventional νμ beam of ~ 1GeV
Hyper-K 1Mt
075MW 50 GeV PS
4MW 50GeV PS
This project and θ13 covered in detail later
by Dave Wark
Aim for precision
measurement of Δm2
23 θ23
NB θ13
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 39
JHFSensitivity to Δm2
23 θ23
(m232 ) ~ lt 110-4 (~4)
(sin22) ~ 001 (~1)
(si
n2 2
)(
m23
2 )
True m232 (eV2)
OAB 2ordm
νμ disappearancePhase I 5 year run
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 40
Dreaming of hellip
bull Very long baseline projects
ndash Japan ndash China
ndash Brookhaven ndash S DakotaSoudanhellip
ndash
bull Neutrino Factory
bull Focus on CP violation and high precision measurements
bull Not discussed here
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-
GF Pearce 41
Summary
bull Clear effect in atmospheric neutrinosndash Observed by very different experiments in different locations
bull νμ - ντ oscillation supported by first long baseline expt (K2K)ndash Physics is being measured
bull Best parameter measurement is currently from SuperKndash sin22θ gt 092 90 CL Best Fit Value sin22θ =1
bull Precision confirmation and improved measurements with controlled beam over next few years (Minos)
bull JHF + 5 years =gt measurement at ~ 1bull Far Future ndash very long baseline neutrino factory in design RampD phase
bull θ23 is close to maximal How close Why Is it actually л4
- θ23 - experiments
- Neutrino Oscillations
- Oscillation Probabilities
- Oscillation Analyses
- Atmospheric Neutrinos
- Super Kamiokande
- SuperK ν events
- SuperK Event Summary
- SuperK Zenith Angle Distributions
- SuperK νμ - ντ fits
- SuperK 3-flavour oscillation analysis
- Slide 12
- Soudan2
- Soudan2 Neutrino Events
- Soudan2 LE
- Soudan2 Oscillation Parameters (Feldman-Cousins Analysis)
- MACRO Gran Sasso Laboratory Italy
- MACRO Results
- Atmospheric Limits Summary
- K2K The first long baseline experiment
- K2K Near Detector(s)
- K2K Events
- K2K Limits
- MINOS
- MINOS Beam
- MINOS Detectors
- MINOS Far Detector Installation complete MayJune 2003
- MINOS Oscillation parameter measurement - nm disappearance
- MINOS Sensitivity from nm disappearance
- Minos A word on atmospheric neutrinos
- CERN to Gran Sasso (CNGS)
- OPERA Experiment Briefly
- OPERA sensitivity
- ICARUS Experiment Briefly
- ICARUS That Event
- ICARUS Sensitivity
- Off Axis Experiments Numi
- Off Axis Experiments JHF - Overview
- JHF Sensitivity to Δm223 θ23
- Dreaming of hellip
- Summary
-