: walidouda@yahoo.com Walid Ouda Ukraine - Kharkov 231.Metrostroieteli st. 15 Apt 713561275083 :Tel

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33

jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Protocolj j j j j j . j . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj : jj jj jj jj jj jj 1- j j j . j j j j 2- jjj Adapterjjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj Network Interface Card . j j j j j j Servers j j Clients . j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j . jj jj ) Network Operating System (NOS j NT

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. Ethernet Ethernet j LAN Architecturejj jj jj jj Xeroxjj jj j j . j j j j j 3.208 ) IEEE Networking Standardj j j jj jj jj ( . jj jj jj jj jj jj . jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jj jj jj jj Carrier Sense Multiple ) Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD j j j j j j j j. j j j jj . j j j j 01 j j j 001 . 1 j . Bus . Star Bus j j j j j j Baseband Signaling j j j j j j 96

j j j j Broadband Signaling j . j j j j j j j j jj Ethernet Network Controllerj j j j j j j jj jj jj jj jj . jj jj jj Controller ) (.

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: 1- jj Preamble Section jj jj jj . 2- Source and Destination Section jj jj jj jj jj jj . 3- Type Section j j j IP . IPX 37

4- jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) Section j . j j j j j j . TCP/IP j j j j j j j j j j Bridge j Routerj j j j j j Segment jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj . .

: 1- . 2- High Bandwidth Applicationsjj jj jj jj .

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0002 ) Professional , Server 3- .( , Advanced Server .Windows for Workgroup .Microsoft LAN Manager .Novell Netware .IBM LAN Server .AppleShare 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- : j j j j j j jj 3.208 . IEEEjj jj jj CSMA/CDjj . j 4 j j j : ,210BaseT, 10Base . 10Base5, 10BaseF jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . 57

. jj jj jj jjj jj jj : jjj .

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10BaseT j j j j j j jj j j jj j j jj ) (Twisted Pair . : jj 10BaseTjj jj jj jj jj 01 jj jj jj jj jj Baseband jj Twisted Pair 001 . j j j j j j j . jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj: jjj jjj - j j j j j j j j 54-. RJ 08

j j j 2 10Base 5. 10Base

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6- . Repeaters j j j j j 2 10Basej : Segment : j j BNC Barrel Connectors . jj: jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj T . T Connectors jj: jj jj Tjj jj jj Ethernet Controller jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj .) (.

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j j 5-4-3 3-4-5 . Rule 48

5 10Base 01 j jj jj Basebandjj jj jj jj jj jj Bus j j j j Thick Coaxial jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Segment j j 001 . j j j j j j j j j 5.2 j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Reflectionjj jj jj jj jj jj 005 . j j j j j j j 5.2 j j j j . .

5 10Base : 58

1- jj jj Transceiverjj jj jj . 2- . Transceiver Cable 3- . 50-ohm Terminator 4- . 5- . Wiring Hub 6- . Barrel Connectors 7- . Coring Tool jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j j j j j j j j j- Transceiver Cable j j j jj jj jj jj jj 9 jj 9-pin Ribbonjj jj jjj jjj jjj DB-15 Connectorjjj jjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . Controller .

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j Transceiver Cablej Transceiverj j . jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj Transceiver j j j Coring Toolj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . Transceiver .

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: jjj 2 10Basejjj jjj 01 jjj jjj jjj j j j Baseband j Bus j jj . 581 03 j 529 . jjj 5 10Basejjj jjj 01 jjj jjj jjj j j j Baseband j Bus j jj . jjj jjj jjj 005 jjj jjj 001 jjj jj jj 5.2 jj jj jj jj jj jj 0052 . jj jj jj jj jj jj : jj . 10BaseF

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10BaseF j j 10BaseFj j Fiber Optic j j j j 2 j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj . 10BaseF jjj jjj Electromagnetic Interference ). (EMI 10BaseF : 1- . Fiber Optic Cable 2- ). Fiber Optic Transceiver (FOT 3- j j j j j j Sub Miniature Assembly (SMA) Connectors j ). Straight Tip (ST : 1- . Single Mode 2- . Multimode j j j . LAN

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j j jj jj jj jj jj jj Twisted Pair jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Fiber Optic ) Transceiver (FOT j j j j j j . .

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29

10BaseF : 1- . 10BaseFL Fiber Link 2- . 10BaseFB Fiber Backbone 3- .10BaseFP Passive Fiber jj jj 10BaseFLjj jj jj Repeaters Segment 2 . 10BaseFL FOT j Repeaters Hubs . jjjj 10BaseFLjjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj . jjj jjj 10BaseFBjjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Repeaters.

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jj jj jj jj jj Transceiverjj jj . Repeaters 10BaseFB j Repeaters jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Segmentjjj jjj jjj 2 . 10BaseFP j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Passive Hub jj jj jj jj Transceivers jj jj jj jj jj Repeaters jj jj Network Adapter Cards Transceiver 005 . jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Hubs . : jj 10BaseFjj jj jj jj jj 2 . 10BaseF 3 : 1- . 10BaseFL Fiber Link 2- . 10BaseFB Fiber Backbone 3- .10BaseFP Passive Fiber j j 100 Mbps IEEE Standard . Broadband 49

100 Mbps IEEE Standard Broadband : 1- . 100 Mbps IEEE Standard 2- . Broadband j j 001 j j 01 jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj : 1- jj jj jj Computer Aided ). Design (CAD Computer Aided 2- jjj jjj jjj ).Manufacturing (CAM

3- . Video Conferencing jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj 001 : 1- . 100BaseVG AnyLAN Ethernet 2- ). 100BaseX Ethernet (Fast Ethernet j j j 10BaseT 10BaseT. 59

jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj IEEE 21.208 Token Ring . jj 100BaseVG(Voice Grade) AnyLAN j Token Ring j . Hewlett-Packard : 1- . 100VG-AnyLAN 2- .100BaseVG 3- .VG 4- .AnyLAN jjjj jjjj )100BaseVG(Voice Grade AnyLAN j j j j Star j j 3 4 5 jj jj Twisted Pair jj jj jj jj. )jj Categoryjj TPjj jj jj (. j . j j )100BaseX Ethernet (Fast Ethernet 5 UTP STP j j jj. jj jj jj CSMA/CDjj jj jj . Star Bus 100BaseX Ethernet (Fast jjj jjj jjj ) Ethernet :

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1- 4 100BaseT 4 j j j 345 .UTP 2- 100BaseTX j j j 5 UTP . STP 3- 100BaseFX . jjj jjj jjj jjj 3.208 IEEEjjj jjj ) Basebandjjjjj jjjjj( Broadband jjjjj jjjjj Broadband j j j j j j . Coaxial jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Broadbandjjj 63 10Broadjj jj jj jj jj jj 01 jj jj 0063 . 63 10Broadj j j j jj jj jj jj Basebandjj jj jj jj jj Baseband jj jj jj jj Broadbandjj jj jj . RadioFrequency Modem .

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2- LAN . : jj jj jj jj jj 001 jj jj jj : 1- 100BaseVG AnyLAN Ethernetj j 345 j j TPj j j j . 2- ) 100BaseX Ethernet (Fast Ethernetjj 3 : 1- 4 100BaseT 4 345 .UTP

2- 100BaseTX j j 5 UTP . STP 3- 100BaseFX jj jj jj jj . j jj Broadbandjj j jj jj jj . jj jj jj jj jj jj Token . Ring

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Token Ring : 1- . Token Ring 2- . Token Ring 3- jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . Token Ring 4- j Framej j j j . 5- . Token Ring jj jj Token Ringjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj 5.208 IEEE Token Ring j jj jj Ring jj jj jj 5891 . jj jj jj 3.208 . IEEE Token Ring LAN : 1- . Token Passing 2- j j j j Hybrid Star/Ring Topology

001

jj jj jj jj jj 5.208 IEEEjj jj jj jj jj jj jj Media Access ) Control (MAC j j j Token Passing : 1- j j j j j j j jj . 2- j . Token Passingj j j j Token j j j Token 3 . j j j j j j jj j j j j jj . Token Ringj j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j jjj jjj Hubjjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj \. IBM j Token Ring IBM j jjj jj jjj Multistation Access Unit ) (MAU j j j Twisted Pairj j 552 . Token Ring : 101

1- . STP 2- jj jjj jjj jjj jjj 4 jjj 61 jjj jjj . 3- . Baseband jj jj jj jj jj Token Ringjj Token j j jj jj Tokenjj jj jj jj jj jj jj j . j j j j j . j j j j : 1- . 2- Token j j j j . j j j j j j Token Ring j j j j j j : 1- 0 Phase Lobe Test j j j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . 201

2- 1 Phase j j j j j j j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j j Token . j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . 3- j 2 Phasej j j j j j j Duplicate Address Test j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j . 4- 3 Phase jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Nearest Active ) Upstream Neighbor (NAUNj j j j . jj jj Token Ringjj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j j j j j j j .

301

5- jjj jjj jjj 4 Phasejjj jjj jjj jj jj jj jj Ring Parameter Server ) (RPS : - jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj . Initialization Values - jj jj : jj jj jj Code Level jj . NAUN Address jj jj jj jj jj Token Ringjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . Frame : 1- j j Start Delimiter j j j . 2- jjjj jjjj jjjj Access Control jjjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j j Token . 3- j j Frame Controlj j j jj jj jj jj jj jj Media Access Control ) (MAC ) Logical Link Control (LLC jjjj . 4- Destination Address j j . 401

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601

Token Ring : 1- ) Media Interface Connectors (MIC j 1 2 . .

2- ) RJ-45 Telephone Connectors (8 pin . .

701

4- ) RJ-11 Telephone Connectors (4 pin . .

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511

jj jj jj jj jj LocalTalkjj jj jj Zones . Apple jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj AppleTalk :

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4- .Unix EtherTalk j j j . Mac Mac j j j j . EtherTalk j EtherTalkj 01 j j j j j ) Coaxial (Thick and Thin j j EtherTalk Mac . jj EtherTalkjj jj jj jj jj jj 2 . AppleTalk Phase jj jj TokenTalkjj jj Macjj jj j Token Ring j TokenTalkj j j 2 .AppleTalk Phase

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jjj jjj jjjj jjj AppleTalkjjjj jjj jjjj j j : 1- j j j . 2- j j j j j j . 3- j j j j j j j j . j AppleTalk : 1- ) Datagram Delivery Protocol (DDP jjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . 2- ) Name Binding Protocol (NMP jjjj jj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Distributed Database Names Directory j j j j . Numerical Addresses 3- ) Zone Information Protocol (ZIP jjj . 4- ) AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (ATP j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj .

711

5- ) AppleTalk Session Protocol (ASP jjj . 6- ) Printer Access Protocol (PAP . 7- ) AppleTalk Filing Protocol (AFP jjjj j . 8- ) AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol (ADSP . 9- ) AppleTalk Echo Protocol (AEP jj j j j jj jj jj jj PINGjj jj jj jj . jjjj jjjj Attached Resource Computer ) Network (ARCNet j j j . ARCNet j Datapoint Corporationjj 7791. jj jj ARCNetjj 3891. jj jj ARCNetjj Token Passingjj Bus . Star Bus j j j j j j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj ) Source Identifier (SID j j j j j jj jj jj ) Next Identifier (NID jj j 811

j j . jj jj jj jj Tokenjj jj jj ARCNetjj jj jj jj jj Invitation TO ) Transmit (ITT j j j j : j j jj jj jj jj ITTjj jj jj jj jj ) Free Buffer Enquiry (FBEj j j j j j j j j j j jj ) Acknowledgment Frame (ACKjj jj j j j j j j Negative Acknowledgment Frame ) (NAK . jj jj ACKjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj ACK j j j j j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj j jj ITT . jj jj jj jj jj ARCNetjj jj : 1- . 2- .

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3- 805 jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj ARCNet ARCNet Plusj j j 6904 . jj jj jj jj jj jj ARCNetjj 5.2 j ARCNet Plusj j 02 j . j j j j ARCNetj j j j 93 ohm RG-62 A/U Coaxial Cable UTP . jjj jjj jjj jjj BNCjjj jjj j j j j j j 016 j j 503 . jjj jjj jjj UTPjjj jjj 11- RJ 54-RJ 442 . : AppleTalk j Mac jj jj: AppleShare LocalTalk AppleTalk EtherTalk .TokenTalk jj EtherTalkjj jj jj jj LocalTalk . TokenTalk .Token Ring jj jj jj jj jj jj AppleTalkjj .

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121

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921

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: 300 to 30F 310 to 31F . j ) Direct Memory Access (DMAj j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj . jj Base Memory Addressjj jj jj jj RAM j j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j 0008 D j j 008 D j j j . jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Transceiver : 1- .On-Board BNC 2- 54-.On-Board RJ 3- .On-Board AUI

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641

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941

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351

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166

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jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj j j j j j . j j j j j j j j j . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . : 1- . 2- . IBM j j j j 4891 : 1- . 2- .Face Plates 3- .Distribution Panels 4- . jj jj jj jj IBMjj jj jj jj jjjjjjj jjjjjjj jjjjjjj jjjjjjj jjjjjjj jjjjjjj jjjjjjj . hermaphroditic .

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171

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371

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571

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871

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181

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: 1- j j j j Spread Spectrum .Radio 2- .Infrared j j j j j 8.4j j j j j j j Long Range Wireless Bridge j j j j 04 . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj : 1- . 2- . 3- . jj jj jj jj IT Industryjj jj .Mobile Computing j j j j j .

481

jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jj jj Personal Computer Memory Card ) International Association (PCMCIAjjjj jjjj jjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj . PCMCIA : 1- .ISDN Adapter 2- .Fax Modem 3- .Ethernet and Fast Ethernet Cards j . jj jj jj jj jj jj j jj . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj ISDN j jjj jjj jjj Cellular jjj jjj jjj jjj Antenna j j j j j j j j j j j j . j . : 581

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681

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781

jj jj jj jj jj Remote Accessjj j j j LANj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj Communications .Server .

jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Novell NetWares Remote Console Utilityjjj jjj . . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . : 1- jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . 2- . 881

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TAPI : 1- . 2- Automatic Phone .Dialing 3- . 4- . 5- .Voice-mail 6- .Caller Identification 7- . TAPIj j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj .TAPI jj TAPIjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj Service Provider Layer .UniModem UniModem j j j j j j j j j j . : . 091

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191

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391

j j j j j . j j j . j j j : 1- .Source Address 2- . 3- .Destination Address : 1- jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj . 2- j . 3- . : 1- .The Header 2- .The Data 3- .The Tailor 491

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j j ) Internet Protocol (IPj j .Connectionless j j . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . layering j jj jj jj Protocol Stackjj jj jj j j . jj jj jj jj Protocol Stackjj jj j j j j j .Low-Level Protocols jj jj jj jj jj Protocol Stackjj j j j j High-Level jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj .Protocols jj jj jj jj Protocol Stackjj jj . jj jj Bindingjj jj j jj jj jj .Protocol Stack .

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The Institute of Electrical and Electronic -2 .Engineers (IEEE) International Telecommunications Union -3 .(ITU) : .Application Protocols 1- .Transport Protocols 2- .Network Protocols 3- jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj jj jj jj jj jj jj Protocol Stack : .Server Message Block (SMB) -1 .Novells NetWare Core Protocols (NCPs) -2 File Transfer Access and Management -3 .Protocol (FTAMP) : .File Transfer Protocol (FTP) -1 .Telnet -2

203

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602

TCP/IP j . jjjj jjjj jjjj TCP/IPjjjj jjjj jjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj TCP IPjjjjjj . .

jjjj jjjj TCPjjjj jjjj Transport Protocol Connection- Oriented j j j j Full Duplex j j j . jjj IPjjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Network Protocoljjjjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj jjjjjj .Connectionless j j j j j j j j j j j j IP j . 702

jj jj jj jj jj IPjj jj jj TCP/IPjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jjj jjj IP jjj jjj Internet Control ) Message Protocol (ICMP jj jj jj IP j j Connectionlessj j j IP j j j j j j ICMPj j jj jj jj IP jj jj jj jj jj jj .IP jj jj jj jj IPjj jj jj jj j j j j ICMPj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj ICMP j j IP . jj jj TCPjj jj jj jj jj jj jj j jj j jj j jj j jj j jj jj jj TCPjj jj TCP/IPjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj User Datagram Protocol ) (UDP jjjjjjjjj jjjjjjjjj jjjjjjjjj jjjjjjjjj jjjjjjjjj jjjjjjjjj Connectionless .TCP jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj TCP/IP : 1- .SMTP 2- .FTP 3- .SNMP

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5- .DECnet Telnet FTP . j j j TCP/IPj j : 1- . 2- .Intranet 3- .Routing 4- jjjj jjjj j jj jjjj jjjj jjjj . 5- . jjj jjj jjj jjj TCP/IPjjj jjj : 1- . 2- . j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . jj jj jj jj Network Basic ) Input/Output System (NetBIOS j high-level ) Application Program Interface (API jj jj jj 012

j j 59 j j . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj LAN Interface j j : 1- . 2- . 3- . NetBIOSj j j j j NetBIOS Novell IBM j j j .Routing j j NetBIOSj ) NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI jj j j j j j j j j j . j j j j j j j Routing : 1- . 2- . jj jj jj jj jj jj NetBEUIjj j j j j j 112

j ) 02 002 (. . Internetwork Packet jjjjj jjjjj ) Exchange / Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj Novell .Xerox Corporation jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj IPX .SPX jj IPXjj jj jj jj jj jj jj NetWarejj jj jj jj jj jj jj Connectionless . SPX j Connection-Oriented j j j j . IPX/SPX : 1- . 2- . 3- . : 1- NetWare. 212

2- . jj jj NWLinkjj jj jj jj jjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj IPX/SPX jjjj jjjj jjjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j j j j j j jj jj jj jj Novell jj jj jj NWLinkjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj NetWare jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj Redirectorjjjjj jjjjj . NWLink Redirector jj jj Input/Outputjj jj jj jj jj jj : 1- Microsoft Client Service for NetWare ).(CSNW 2- .Novell NetWare Client for NT j j j j jjj jjj 0891 jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j AppleTalk jjj jjj : 1- ) AppleTalk Filing Protocol (AFP jjj . 2- ) AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (ATP j . 312

3- ) Name Binding Protocol (NBP j . 4- ) AppleTalk Session Protocol (ASP j .ATP 5- ) Datagram Delivery Protocol (DDP jjj . Digital Equipment jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj ) Corporation Net (DECnetjj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j : 1- . 2- jjj Fiber Distributed Data Interface )Metropolitan Area Networks (FDDI MANs 3- WAN . jjj DECnetjjj jjj jjj jjj jjjj TCP/IP OSI . : 1- jjjj IBMjjjj jjjj jjjj jjjj Advanced Program-to-Program Communication ).(APPC 2- ) Xerox Network System (XNS .Xerox 412

3- j ) Server Message Block (SMB j j IBM j j j . 4- jjj ) Data Link Control (DLC jjj : - .IBM Mainframe - jj jj jj )Hewlett-Packard (HP . : jjj jjj jjj TCP/IPjjj jjj : ,TCP, IP, ICMP, UDP, SMTP, FTP, SNMP Telnet . NetBEUIj j j . IPX/SPX j Novell . j j AppleTalkj j : AFP, ATP, NBP, DDP 512

j j j j j : DECnet, APPC, XNS, SMB, DLC jj jj jj jj jj jj jj .

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: 1- .Access Methods 2- CSMA/CD .CSMA/CA 3- .Token Passing 4- .Demand Priority jj jj Access Methodjj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j . j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j . jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj : 1- .

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812

4- .Demand Priority j CSMA j j j j j j j j j j j j jj . CSMA : 1- .CSMA/CD 2- .CSMA/CA j j j j j j j .Contention Methods jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj jjjjj CSMA/CD j j j j j .Defer Mode jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . j j j Jam Signal j j j j j j j . 912

j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . CSMA/CD j j 5.2 . CSMA/CD j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j : 1- jj jj jj jj jj jj jj . 2- . CSMA/CD . jj jj CSMA/CAjj jj jj jj j j Reservation Burst j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj j j j j j j j j j j j j j j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj .

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