1. dG Sa AG```gEG :dG GgCGh ``eG Ie IjL IOY ``````dG GgCG ? ``````````cCG :```````````````Hh :hCG dG:dG !````dG j H ?`````dG W ?eSEG hG g e !`G M :dG dG:jdG dG eSEG hG :hCGdG dG jQe H G 7 9 11 14 16 17 19 21 22 24 28 37 40 aGSG jDhQ islamicProj(index).Quark3 1/5/04 2:28 PM Page 1

2. :fK``dG N eSEG hG Qe G bGh jdG d idG FdG :ddG dGeSEG hGh eSEG YG hCGWdG : fKgHh e : dKeSEG YG J : HGQeSEG YG AGOCG d edG jG : eNeSEG YG AGOC dG dG : SOSeSEG YG AGOC UG dG : HSeSEG YG H UGdGh hdG e : :HGdG dGeSEG cG Y dG jf J `WdG :hCG dG jf IKDG eGdG :fK dG ``jf J :dK :eG dGdG Ie Y hG be h````````G jH cdGh eG :hCG eSEG YH UG jdG :fK ````a SG MG c j :dK 51 64 71 73 76 81 85 90 95 108 113 115 117 120 135 137 142 149 islamicProj(index).Quark3 1/5/04 2:28 PM Page 2 3. NGdG S``````dG bGdG j :HGQ dG S````dG bGdG j :eN O`bG bGdG j :SOS :SOdG dGV fh eSEG hG GOe ```````jdG iDhdGh GOLG :hCG jdG eSEG cGh YG :fdG jdG MS ````c eCG NGdG VdG :ddG jdG MS ``eCG GMh hdG VdG :HGdG jdG MS :HdG dGJb fh eSEG hG Ua G eCG Jb fh hG Ua Qe :hCG aGJh dG CG Jb fh hG Ua Qe :fK :edG dGeSEG hG jjdG jDhdG aBG dG Y eG dG a Ff :hCG `jDhdG j H :fK eSEG h`G jDhdG aBG :dK :SdG dGdG HdG eSEG hG ee dG Y eG dG e `jOGh JGSG eG :hCG 165 171 180 185 188 190 191 194 197 200 204 207 209 216 222 225 227 islamicProj(index).Quark3 1/5/04 2:28 PM Page 3 4. LGh IOdG ee :fK `YdG SdG ee :dK Y`LGh HdG OGYEG ee :HGQ `jdGh dG eG :eN jQ Gh jYdG eG :SOS jdGh jObG eG :HS ````````````G 243 255 265 279 289 295 312 islamicProj(index).Quark3 1/5/04 2:28 PM Page 4 5. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 6 6. AG```````````````````gEG nnY osdG sne rnnd} Sh Y dG U dSd K J d dGh qG qEG nnprdGooounojnhrpucnojnhppJnjBGrprnnYornjrpporfnCGrpekoSnQrppannnHrPpEGnpperDordG :GYBG)|mpoemnVpndornbrpeGofncrpEGnhnnrprdGnh164eCJdh,( T dGh dG Y HGdG dG jjdG G iDhQ SGh jjjDhQaeSEGaGS)1( dGc SGa,JdGMQdGMeEGMW FcQ T Vd jY I G eCd Jh aJ CG aa BGQ e d S fEG K ,eh SEG bjdGJeGOeZCG jCGOcM dGLAHIOYEGdGdPechjdG UGeSEGhGIObJdGhG bhMh,SCdGMeghfeRCGMCG OGOYGghJeNChCGQNG e GG c hG cQCG MCc dG S ,GS e OdG HfPCGh dG iCGQ hCGdGQKjgH .eSEG aG WSE GggCGdGMeEGEa eCG e gLh H e c EGh dG H g e UN Sh Y dG U YLCGGfcGOGaCGSGHcCGhSG jCGh jjCG Y dG c jdGh WCGh Afh LQ H FdG dOe fG AH b e aCG fGNEG GdG je EGh gAGQh fdG GcJh d Gea G Y j CG Lh Y G FS dHCGh G QGMCG EGh JJSCGh .dG Ld dN )1QGO ,GdG GY.O ,eCG d eSEG hG SSCG M :d T EG LQG ( ,e ,eSEG dGh jRdG1999. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 7 7. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 8 8. eG :GOG Ie IjL IOY dG GgCG ?``````````cCG ..```````````````Hh islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 9 9. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 10 10. 11 Ie IjL IOY/ eG eG dBG Yh dGY H idG SQ Y dGh IdGh J dG EG Hh ,jdG j EG HQO Y QS eh Uh: dh QGfCGh dG W HdG QRCG cdG Gg Ic e Y bh a e cCG M h ,N jHh U eJ fS QG dG IQb gOCG gh ch ,dG dG MUh dG G MU G e eG J Z ,JY Y j h gj dG GdG c GQOEGh QdG Y IQdG G dG bcGhVQCGQPCGHNdGQjaJGQJfEHfGch fS dG da UJ a GJh S e QKBG Y SdG AJ bh ,fbh Y::dG) |kGrcpP orpe rornnY orJnCnS rob prnfrnrdG pP rnY nnfdnCrnjnh}83( G d CG GMC AGSG XJ EG VHh Yj e BGdG G h nrnc Ghoorfna pVrQnCrdG pa GhopS rob} :DhSCG cQJ dG j Gg h Jj Wh :dG) |ljpnb mArnT uoc nnY nsdG spEG nInpNBrdG nInCrsdG oproj osdG soK nrnrdG nCGnnH20( Y G j IY IU gh HdG GHEG e MCG Y bh eYh Y (ThdG) IU gh eg d J hCG Ib d J CG hO dG B eGbCG dG Le e ch IdG g Y M YTCG e c b dG MdG jg EG CG YCG G Y eQ d ch fG K MGS Z .dG Q S a ?H e d Ie IjL IOY GhRhj d JGQJ eL jh aj e jQdG M N d c GPEGh dG GhK Y Gdjh dG e gZ Gjh VQCGh GhdG QbCG OhM h G e HQ d dfCG e d Ea dGh OSG e JZW Ie islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 11 11. e j f aGO CGh aGd MdG dGh dG jQJ e gHS d cJ e dh ,Gh G jdG dEG J JH dG dG UJh G e SQfG TMh gZh dGh ObGh OGh SdG c J eCG e NCJ CG .G Gg Y J CG SEG eCG dG J CG e OG jdG dG b jdG fc GPEGh jb VQCG Z M d dG GQdG XJ h jOG Y FGW FdG HhJJGeHOM bJOEGhdGbhCGbbdGfhfEaIMGh G eCc e AdGh PfEG QhO d Te eCG e dh Gh hdG Jgh dG dG EGh ,JhLh dG OEGh jOeh dG ffCG jW dG L CG H dG OhdG YdGh HQeh VQCG Qe G Y iQdG CG J bW EG H J PfEG eb Y G NDj d jOdG Hd eJ Gg X Y M eCG LJ fCG bGd d M d deBGh d G ITG geh SCH dG J JH hCG a G eCG Z cdG SdGhOGcGMhMCGgjjQdGaYIedhOcCGSEG EG G hfe IjL e eG EGh HT e O T Y j YdGh dGgh,TbdGcJEGHLjfehHZHhQhCGbSdG IOd j jL bGH QJ fEa G bGh fc hCG c dG fc AGS .JgG KCdGh U Gj CG eSEG cG G H fCfCG dGh fEG AGOCG Sh dG aGdG S eCGh MdG EGh Sh Y dG U G jOMCG OQh e Gch dG Hc Jh QJ dGhQfCGhGQfdPdSEGeCGHSdGMGGUhhdGGHCG .jdG dG PEH fd dGh jdG Gh jG bGd jDhQ Xh d e jNCG jdG N FdG dG bhh jjCG H dEG G OLh eh eSEGhGIObGjaIFdGjdGfRGdGeZdGhjdGdG IUG eSEG GOLG SCGQ Y j jdGh - a Y - VG SCG jH Gc e Z JGQTEG GhJ eh eSEG cMh YL e GhAj d e QfH a eSEG dG dd d QSGh edG 12 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 12 12. 13 Ie IjL IOY/ eG YGh eCG GMC bdG eCdHh ?dP e dG a bGdG e edG beSEGdGfeSEGYGJObdGQGadGCGeSEG SdGh IYdG b e gej MS f G J EG iOCG SH GhAa iQdGh OdG SCGQ Yh dG IdG IOb aCG OGh AJQdSSCGGQeGhSEGMeGhJGhIO GJJGSG e H dGh dG Gg e G eS a IjG fdG H j Gg MG GdG CH dG e ?HdG IFdG jOLG jdG eeh geedIjGjDhQGeCGJMCGdGWGeCG G Y dH J G U NGdG GOG H dh dG a YRJh G OJ dG eSEG GOLG H dG H dP eh jdG GOLG H db G e YCG OGdG j OOJ EG dP iOCG a H Mh GdG S Y dG YS j IYdG H LEG bh N e hj jdGh OLG e gh eSEG hG e dG G j dG OG .eSEG dG GQe ac Y QhH fG dGh ee j gG Y dG Gg j CG G dG dG CSC fEGh jaUNjJbCGYeGJ HhCGUGeSEGAGOCddGjDhdG eedeSEGhGIjGdG JCGjdGIjGGQH CGh ,e dGh QGfCG eSEG hG QWEG MGJ CG H fdG GG jh GQJ e SG eh G eCG MS bGdG QdG J e CG dG Hc dG Q Y dO dG aGdGh GdG H GQdG J bY dG fh f h a Yh b S Sh Y dG U dG SQ Y dOh GajCGeCGSCGEaFYYIYdGeGLCGKQGJdG QKBd J hCG N hCG Y e IQKCG Y j CG hO CGdH dG g bdG dG d UJdGMQQdGihQaeSEGhGGQfGGdG nsnSnh prnnY osdG snU spsdG orpnS oonj oorpnna hmrnY orH psdG ornY nrnnY snM nnb nInhroY rnY pAnnordG p rnb nne rorpe ooYpnrnj rpndnh kYGnprfG ooocnrYnCG rnCG nrnH nrprdG oprnj nd nsdG spEG oonj nrhnR nnpFnY ppH orKsnna ntp njnh ntp ona rppjrCGnpH norona nrnrnroj lsoL lSnf nrnna rpprppH ndpEG rpnrfG prNoCG nrHG nj rndnna ornH snM hmrnY nrH psdG nrnY spEG soK nsnSnh prnnY osdG snU upsdG ornJnCnapnKsnMneprnncppHpnKsnnaoordnCnnaoorpnaornYpnrKsnMpsdGorpepdrprnrSnapsdGprnY islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 13 13. CG dH PYCa (fEG).hmrnY orH psdG ornY npnM rnnd psdGnh rndnna rnpnna noJrnrNnCna nnpFnY . jh oa jCGH j jdG H dCG dP e j CG e bCG MU CG PEG jL OLG J dG Gg j h dh Y cdG j dh NBG Y Ue eSEG OLG LJ j h jeheSEGhddGQKBGHehgQfeJdGMGWa J bdG GQG jh eSEG hG GOb id HSG e KhM G jYdG GOLG H jdG RdGh GdG X UN e edGh QdG .G MS Y dG GgCG HASDdMOheSEGFKdGEG JiNCGSMNdfEG dhdGRdGYJhidGdGdGIAGbJJGSEGNeefEG J J CG eG MGe eSEG hG ad a MG UdG jDhQ H gh ,jDhdG H ST dGh dG J e Sj M fh eSEG hG H idG ShQdG gJ h REG e Y J H dG e CGJ JGSEG MGHgYWf GSbdGHGdHJhXJ EG :ehG FGSEG H de QJ gh dGh dG HGH J H a SG noperDordG iCGnQ sndnh} :Y dG VQ GdG dG H J H .jQL eb a kfnpEGsdpEGrognOGnRnenhoodoSnQnhosdGnnnUnhoodoSnQnhosdGnfnnYnhneGnngGodnbnGnrMnCrdG :GMCG)|prnJnh22( :j e d dG QdG j H ebCG dG dG Gg EGh hCG dG:dGh dG AV IUG eSEG dG IAGb IOYEG dh bT eCG J dG dG e G EG UdG H G gQfh gQhH JGh IOG dGh LdG iDhdH dG Yh HZh c AGS bGdG e edG G gh dG bG jJ MGh H 14 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 14 14. 15 dG GgCG/ eG dG Vj dhO bGh c hCG G dG FL bGh bGdG dP b :b fCG Y dG VQ dW HCG H Y Y OQh a ,G Y j e G a :b za S fEG{ :Sh Y dG U dG SQ Nh ,b e Cf a ,dG c{ :Sh Y dG U a ?dG SQ QL e cJ e ,dH d ,dG g ,H e Mh ,cH e gh ,G dG M gh ,dG VCG Z idG HG eh ,dG b h ,AGgCG H -jJ dG gh ,G GdG gh ,G cdG H b e ,AdG e j h ,FY J h ,dCG H J GUEGgdEGYOeh,YHMeh,LCGHYeh,U ) :S edG LNCG ze2908.( dGdG:eCJheSEGhGGQedGOGhbdGfj OS dGh dGh dG jdG jdG GQNh OhM dP d jdG dG e INCG OdG N eSEG cG H MG MG dG g bO j EG jj CG eCdG .ddG ddGdG:OGheSEGhGGOeHdGbdGcG dP Qe j dG OG MG FGdG jh a GMEG e dG dG Yh hgG M OG jH OG GHEG Y d IUG dG Qe Fg eSEG dG jeCG dG hG Y j Me NCG Y he dG j fEa dGh dG e Hh jdG Gg dh a dG Gg WG jDhdG Ea Yh ,OCGdH GOeh G OG QSG c Y cJ EG bCG G PfEG j .aGdG M eSEG hG Qeh G H e PfEG HGdGdG:YGhcGJhgejOdGhdGQSG d H H dGh gG J fQeh IUG eSEG e jh gG J HjEG Xj e QJ Vh j dP islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 15 15. G cG Ge Vhh bdG L Y cjh J bJ .Gh SEG j dG eG dG :f eh hdG dG dGh dG J dG dG dM QSG FGdG g eh eSEG d jeCG b e Te GSG e Y ZGdGh J dG dM e ed gOYG dG JGSEG .IQOf jQJ Ua d J CG dGh Y dG SOdG dG :YCG Ff V hCG IQN jdG bd G FGdG SGQO fc AGS H eSEG YG NOh eCG dhM dG idG Gdc hCG cJ SdG AGOCc jOL CG SS QdG J dGh a cG Gdc hCG faCG G VN dG .eSEG H jdG dG e NCG dG QJ HdG dG :bGh J dG eSEG hd edG WQG OHCG VJ VdG h a H WQG J AGLCG bYh G cJ eSEG Hdc h e iDhd J dGh SdG dGhaOGghcHeSEGHdGh AGLCG J bY a HhQhCG SDGh YdG AGOCG gh ch ? H ?cCG Qe AdGh IYdGh eSEG YGh cG IOd SSCG cCG IQdG Sd dhh eSEG OGh IYdG feCG H fCG jdG HQeh VQCG dG QNCG gCG EG Jh jJ bCG Y e H hCG eSEG dG MS dG HQ J e H GOLGh iDhdG ed IYOh IUG eSEG IG J .dGh Rd G jQdG eG eCG AHCG e IG LCd UN jc dG Gg cCGh 16 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 16 16. `````Hh/ eG 17 HdG aeUfEGhOJGeSEGdGGObehAfhLQjOY EG CG jJ Ch HdGh d LCG QGJ gC EG dP eh ,cQG gOLh JhOJQGhjdGhGHEGLCGJUGJdIOGdLCGYj .dGG MGG J d jdGh IOdG hCG d Gh a HdGh eCG QGMC cCG c LCG e dGh dG dCe J a ,Sh Y dG U eCG aL g Y a -Sh a Y- eSEG cG S edG Y IUb cdH dd gCj OG eOdG ggh e c G hdG .S c ejh aCG d jh ``````Hh: QdG e GG GbG Lh Y dG aJ H SGQdG g Y fYCG a hCGMGefaCGeAHeCGHVdGeRCGeehGeSEG dGh aSc EG SdG EG edG e dG Y eRCG Gch INCGh .gZh Gdc HdG WdG G EG G e GdG d dG bGGh jDhQ f Gh Fd J RhCG CG Gg VGG H dhM bh IYdG bGh dG AGOCG e e Ea YSG Qb IMGdG YG hCG SQG gGDhH gG cCG id jYdG SQGG G GdG IUG eSEG dG dG GP Oa Mh OLGh jCGd c Jh eSEG AGOCG fa JMhWGh dG U dG ooSnQ nb b , pAGnOrQsdG pHnCG a dG Sh Y dG U dSQ gS noSnQ nj nnH :Godb :pnbnsdGnh pInsdGnh pnudG pnLnQnO rpe nn ranCpH rocorpNoCG nnCG z :Sh Y OhhGO HCG GhQ.{onpdnrdG prnrdG pGnP oOnnanh prnrdG pGnP onrUpEG :nb ,dG gCG MCG j dGh UG JGSG dG Y e Gc SG bh jQGSG d G AGYCG b e eG dG jQGOEGh dG SCG dG Y GOe gCG XhCG CG L dhM bh ,G GQe Y IdG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 17 17. 18 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee Y Th Y dO e GN dG ia dG Gg VYh H JGSG .J SQGG GOLGh AGOCH KCJ EGh iDhQ e dG Gg OQh e CH g QbCG dh e e fh a YYJ dG UN G GNEG SQeh eY eSEG Y e HQ Yh NT j Y Jh1974AGQBG fEa ,Gh G dh c eh dP Y MCGh MdG e a GU e a c a UG jDhQh Jc .dP e J dG SCGh dG eh f e a T hCG dR e IG HdG GQeEG - bQdG 20 eQ e1423Id)1( aGG24/11/2002O```````d )1hCG OL NGhCG a e AfG eCGh dG VH AdG dP c (1424.Id: islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 18 18. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 19 19. hCG ```````````dG ````````````````dG :GOG !dG j H ?dG W ?eSEG hG `q`ge !G M islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 20 20. 21 !dG j H CG dG IdG d dG M MG H H AGdG INCG PCdh eSEGMdGdGhSGdHMedGQaCGeefCJ :dc a MG eCGh ,dhdG MdGh JGSG jDhQ Lh QaCG g f LQCG L dG SCG gCG e EG efEGLQNhGeCGNGOjdGhjdGUh gheSEGQdGYbdGWaIOhGiDhdGhGSQG .NGO jDhQh N H f j h a IQdG eGc bCG G d G OdG G j GPEGh ?e a H cG SGdG Y H dP e iQdGh OdG WSCG ah j dGh IMG dG JGSG CG c .G ShCG ICGG iDhdH GHCG e edG jeCG dGbGHGjCGLdGhIOjdGfCGGfehIYdHjgh gdG ddG gQGSCG NGOh H eSEG YL c J CG hCG -gCG Y - ?HZh bT GOa eCG j hdGh Ea eCG edG eJ h eSEG dG aJ e jDhdG g J GPEGh IFd IdG g H d dGh G gCGh iDhdG UCG e G IQKEG .IFa CGh G e j b dGh dG Gg VdGh MGdG ie e dG j bh j dGh jdG VdGh NG fEG ?dEG aO dG a MGf H ne noornj njpsdG spEG} :cCG VZ EG VdG f iOCG EGh a d MVh ooonrnjnh osdG ooonrnj npndhoCG pnprdG pa pSspd ossnH ne prnH rpe inordGnh pnunrdG npe nrdnrfnCG :IdG) |nopYsdG159( c c fCG JGSG dG G H Y G OG eh J hCG K hCG SS Sh CG ING JGSG OHCd G jT . aCG FdG fc c iDhQ e QdG g Jc dEG gP e e aGdG hCG gd dG e j bh .IFdG QXh d bdG gRj FN J a !dG j H / dG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 21 21. Qd L g EGh JdG e GOe YGHEG j dG OQh e CH dG e M OLh cQe YGHEG e UCG eSEG MdG Y aGJ fh G .UGe gEG EG dG Gg iDhQh QaCG e OQh e H M NG ODj CG LQCGh .a G H UHWCGhIKGQShFGLCGNedGYGjCGLQCGc .JGOeh dG d G Y bO J W Ga OLh dGh jdG H fQG Y Me j e gCG e dh a dG eYh bGdG Y jdG J eYh bdG eY Nj M H dG Lh eh HQd FGO e a bGdG Y gH H jdG f .aGJ HK jf Y d a HK bGh EG j h YH EG j MU CG iDhdG d aCG J Yj b h eY YL CG SSCG j h IOLG YG Y IjL YL aVEG .FGdH YCG J dGh d f j h G ShCG dG OYG CG H G bGG OJJ CG eCG AHCGh IYdG d IYO gh .dGh dG YGf OJQG Y GgO SdGh QSG hO eSEG dG G SQGGh GAfG CG LQCG GNCGh .dG Gg GOe H hCG c ,,,dG j gh G j dGh ?dG W H fGh jOedG S G jQJ dG MG H J e gCG e EG j a AGh IOdG a QM dG LQdG EG fG ie Uh PEG Ue gCG J e OGR bh H a QNG a G VGh dG FGH h H jdG eSEG GOLG H dG GG RdG d dG bGdG N MG Y G dG ZU Nd SGdG AGYCG h dP EG j G FSdG cCG d J dGh IG GAjEGh KCdG h e Ice N GdGGSGKdGGQdGXJhGDGhSGQdGhdGcGcGQJ 22 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 22 22. 23 e LGh UCG a H fG dP QGZCG S Ea Yh dGh YGPEGh F dG bh cQe GQJ eSEG IYdG a S dGh dfG MG g UN KGQh f dG S CH f fh dG eg H a Lh Y dG PCG oonnrnfnh kspFnCG ronnrnfnh pVrQnCrdG pa Gopr orSG njpsdG nnY sonf rnCG ojpofnh} :eDd VQCG :dG) |npKpQGnrdG5( a hCG dG eCG ,jh bd MG g X eSEG MdG VJh dG MGdGh dG a dG dG eCGh jdGh dGh dG CG CG dP J CG dG jdG FG CH YCGh hCG dG Y LdG FG d e dGh dGh QdG EG f GQe dG gh eCG jWh Nh FdG S M dMG jdG CG ecjdGCGPEGOLGhjdGEGjdGehjdGEGeCGLMj G GQNG j Y IYdG NCj CG Gg j dh ,a d SGh bdG dG dh bG j S dP CG e X dGh dG dGjdhCGhdGceYdGVQjdGHHCGjdhSGbdG j dh jdG e SEG J d Sh Y dG U SdG Iah H dPh dG FZ Y GHa G jQJ Zh M H MCG eEc eCG e LQ .GaGh Uf jdG Gg Uh jdGh c a a P e jd eCG a N dG IUG eCG eh Wh CG e dPh AGdG H AGdH adGh IOG QG G eEH d FdG IQG GHCG eEH j d SG VQCG OG dG GbCG GHJ jdG eCG AHCG e dG jdG Y aG H H IQOGh cG eR CG PfEGcCGaeOQGhfdGSSCGY dHCGdPYdGhedGdG OGaGHCGShCGedEGeGbOdGNOgcGgI dLQHadGfeCGeGOecGWeNhOSGWh .G M e a dGh OLG Lah IQN dGh dG PdG eCGh SQGG UCGh IYdG IQb Y Ea a YdG dG S HEG FGG ?dG W / dG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 23 23. EG iOCG b Nh OLG e Md j e M JG Y a G eSEG h OdG bZh GOLG Ta eSEG dG f Ue cCG VLEG X GjZ G dG Sh G dP X f fGG QG J .dGh dGh dG eCG AGYCG a OLCG dG IjdG edG bdG IU hDhdG dG IQh H j G LGdG dh Ic eCGh Ie e Md j e Y JG f adG K dG jJ dG eh OG Y j dG bGG j H SEd edG L J CG dGh OLG CG GQd bO Rah QNG N eh Yh b e jh Yj CG G .dhDe Hh QGb H eCG J ?eSEG hG ge b iNCG fMCG HQ eh jRGe GQe IUG eSEG GOLG AH EG G bGh M GME G eCG NGO adG h V EG iOCG eSEG cG GOb ZCG UJ CG eOdG MG G dG Ea Yh eSEG cG YCG YRJ EGh IG jdG e ed ce jDhQ EG d OQh M O d eCG JG Ggh be Me Y G Gg b G a dGh dG G e aGh f d eCG g EGh bGdG eh .RdG Y e gh dH G eCj a YGh IMdG Y jdG Te bGh e jQdG dP fCG eh UG eSEG IYdG jQJ G J VN eh gZh a OGh faCG Oc Qe OL AGOCG LCG Y HJh EG KCJ e H eh SS Qe e eSEG cG HJCjKIOgGfGSfhYZUEGiOCGbGdPEa dGjdGhGiDhQZUJGEGQhHOSeNBGeYdP jeCG IOH HdG iQdG c G Y fGdCG H QdG SQ dG aGdG Gg dh gZh PdGh ShdGh ShdG ch SG VQCG OdG ch DhdG gCG Y jh MGGh jdG Oj Y QJ H QKBG QSG NCG hM e G AY gPCG UEG iDhQ dh G Gg eh 24 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 24 24. 25 jQeHiDhdGJMhGJbheSEGaGSghGbGhM bGh UEG GOe H Y bJ dG iDhdG a :hCG QG eCG FQ hCG OdG hDT hCG G hDT hCG G hDT Y cQ b J CG eEG a G ,cdGh HdG hCG dG jdGh YdG UCdGhCG EGh dG AdG dhJ dG Me O hCG eCG bGh HQ dG eRCG Y iDhdG J CG hO .dG d J dG OGQCG dG be IOSG EG G j M AGOCG ch gGcheThSGhAGOCGYKdGiDhdGTa:dGQGeCGh e IOe J a idG hG GgCG SQh d GO Yhe SQh jDhdG J Yh T bh jdG SCG JYGh EG SSCG SEG GOe YLGAdGIOehfhDThSdGhGIOehEGhdGAdGIOe OGYEGQdGYGheedGWhbGdGdjDhdGJVJc,OdGh fCG c G Jh OGYE dG FSdG jd Sh UCG Sc UEGh e EGh dG S dP c Xhh IQGOEGh dG fEG dG SG bGh GQdG gCG Y YdG HLEGh OLG jJ g jDhdG g f gCG dG jDhdG J cdG HS Gh jRGG J Y GJ iDhdG -HCG dh ,G YeGGNEGSDeMW1928ebheJCGK,dGMeEG J a ,jdG IQdG T OhOG YCG HCG eEG iDhQ G Jh jDhdG J ea HZh bT eSEG dG ML Y KCdG e H e SQG dG YU GTe eSEG SCGh dG edG Gh YdG G LG jDhdGYfhJdGjQG-HCGechcdGGieYHjEG efdGYGWfaCGOdJhYOgdGGGe .jeCGh HhQhCG eSEG YdG OLdG YO dch jdG dG edGhWdcfHhGQhRj dHUhdGhiNCGjQGeCGh gCG dGh dGR h b f e cCG eCG ShDhQ Y HJ dG J cGTGh bQ dZ EG a jdG IMe GbCG EG eCG Hh eCd dG dG dGh d HJh d YGO XJ jdG Xh dG J hCG NCdGh dH d bY e jQG J QhO c a Z hCG c jObG M G J CG eCd J e YCG h ISa FY e JOQSG dPh G eSEG dG I ?eSEG hG ge / dG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 25 25. SdH cJ a JMhh G MCG e JOCGh h dGh d ec Ah HJhdGVhCGebhejQGJALM,eSEGdGbIQPGh h JQgS fhfEG h GU GY h GOS h jeH FGL S eh d eCG EG YSG dGY h bQH fJ h H eU h a d .ah jQG J S Y IOh eCGOSdGiDhdGheSEGGOLGYfdGdGQdGh J Y f dG GdG W d GTDG gCG MCG OG jdG dG N dGh jdG G jDhQ K eh G bGh eSEG hH adG Yh iDhdG .idG JjZ h hG Y e G MGG W jh dGedGdGNYhjfeSEGhGOHCGOaYh gGDhdVhCGJf HYeGfbGaGhHOGjdG IYNeVQCGYFdGJGJeG jCGeehGIUG SbfchCGeSEGgGZCGedGhdGhOLGGQe IQdG T eSEG YGh G GNEG SQe gh jcCG H ce OG HhadGSQGhdGSQGhcJHQCGYLhjdG :ddG QdG dGh OLG GQe bh iDhdG J fS dG eG QSGh AdG Gg IFGO SJh cSh Nh IY G G AH Y cdG QaCG H b e MGG J e SQGGh eG UN G jOG .Te GU e NdG hO SEd bG FdGh UN IG Me c SEG EG IOdG IQh H dGh dG dG b e G Gg f MJh GbG CH MdGh fdGh QSdG dG GMCGhhdGILCGSQedGG dGYdGhJhdhDG .LdG Gg eh d fdG dGeCGhdeIShJeYgeYGhdhDGQGbEG .jJ bCG Y e H hCG eSEG dG f .G Aed Mh FGQd GS G Y hG RGL H AaEG eg Y OYGh a WdG LG IRLEGh eSEG hdG SH QGbEG 26 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 26 26. 27 WdGAGOCGGJeHdGhdhdGdOGVdGSGdP .YLGh jObG Jh IGheh WGG M GMGh Ah e VeWGbdGVHdGhfdHGdGhWGbdGCGeQGbEG .dN e eSEG AGOCG d dG LCG IYOh IG Me T SEG Jh UEG QdG CGe QGbEG .MGh d IYdG e Yh G G M OGOSG dhDe eSEG dG G a j dG Gh OdGh NCG Y dGh a SG SCGQ cGcQYGegZheSEGdGHGQhHdGhdGeL .SCG fc e Rh MCG N a V eSEG OS dG dGh dG Mh dG dG GSGh aG CGe QGbEG eSEG KCdH adGh H dd H SEG QGbEG Y a VQCG .G G aGh e Y AdGh hdGh CG H edG dhdG GYCGh fGdH GdG G ad M Le IG CG QYGh G Y hJ e e SEG .G Uh H e HdG M SEd bG gG c e H QGG CGe QGbEG Ydc JH OaEGh H QGVEd T aJ dGh G GX .GgO HG dG GhaCG jdG .FdGh GAfG Y dG H G IGhGh WGG CG QGbEG bH de e IadG ShCG G bCG jJ IQh H AaEG .IdG iPCG Y d bCG IYOh ZCH IGhe WdGh ffdG eCd dG ah jJh bh iPCG e eSEG dG IYdG UCG Y RhdG .SCdG IFGO bdH dG Yh dVGhOLGOHYIdGbeAGYGhdGOQCGej e fG Yh YdG TCG H iPCd Vj jdG G YOh a .gZh a K faCG UG OG c IUG jOG IG ce de Y bdG GV IYdG j Sh dG jeCG Z eY adG jd G M eCG c e ch jO fdG G j CG hO jgd j CG OdG d ?eSEG hG ge / dG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 27 27. e H CG Hj h aj dGh G Y GhOGR jdG AGdG e .G be Gbh jdG iQdG b QSGh jQJh b e j SEG jO Q G dG Y cCdG KdG OdG GW OS dGh VQCG T H dG UGdGh dG GfG H jdGh VQCG GWCG EG eSEG IYdH ad jdG dG jf J dG IQdG Gj M gCJh dG J GX H HdG G .H GdG geh eSEG jdH JXhVGOdGGWeSEGdGShCGdGQSa ?dGh bGG J eSEG dG M Hb ch dG hh GOLG SQeaUhJdGOLGQWEGcJdGIQdGEafEdh JCf QGhOCG CG g Ggh QWEG dP QN GQGhOCG YLh GOGaCG IYdG H eSEG dG V SQe dG G SSh dG M GPEG UN YJh HGJh YdG dG NOh GOLGh iDhdG J a QJ dG OdG f N .G MS A ch bG H dG IQdG Y bj d dG Gg JCjh .G dG dG EG j dGh G Qb G ! G M Y eYEGh SdGh jdGh YdG G eG G J edG KQhCG M AGS c Y FdGh d bG cCG e G MS KCd HSGh dGh Qd Hb Jj be hO H FdG eCG YdG dGh dG AGOCG fG EG ODa HdG J KDJ c j h njpsdG ntjnCG nj} :Lh Y dG b c SMh VGh fHdG LdG H AL dG :IdG) |lpdnCG lGnnY njppanrpdnh GonrSGnh nfrorfG Godobnh npYGnQ GodonJ GoneBG104dbh ( oorndpEG nrdnCG rnpd GodonJ nh Gosnnna psdG ppnS pa rorHnnV GnPpEG GoneBG njpsdG ntjnCG nj} :fS ornb rpe roroc npdnnc lInpnc opfnne psdG nrpna nrftdG pInnrdG nVnnY nonrnJ kperDoe nrnd nsdG 28 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 28 28. 29 :AdG)|kGpnNnonrnJnpHnncnsdGspEGGosnnnarornnYosdGsnna94ntjnCGnj}:fSdbh( rornna ne nnY Goprona mndnnpH kernb GopoJ rnCG Gosnnna mCnnpH lpSna rocnAnL rpEG GoneBG njpsdG :GG) |npepOnf6.( eddGQKBGIOjRIcLQNeGYhNGOeGYSCGbh LdGehHhDhOY jGHH .MGh e dh Je IUG eSEG dG J M G OHCGHbGddGGgacUadGhedGMGJh MS G bGe j j CG dP d AGVCG Jh GQTEG g EGh .dG GgCGh Ue J Y jh G IUG eSEG cG VN a G Gg eSEG IcGdG TfEh GhfGhhCGGGeaGegHMGAYh EGIOHdGdGHEGfcahCGGeCGfdGG jdG dG jGHh OG Y SdG dG eSEG dG Y fdGh bh J K jjCG SG Sh eSEG aG H LJ dGh SCGQ YdGh OdGh GdG G c MUG G J h Od M ShVHMIYdGVNbheeHjecheSEGjdG MUcTMCGeCGeeCGAYeLdGhddGeOYafG LG IT dh c gZh VQ TQ h f H dch QSCGh WHCG c IH K iQd LdGh jOG dG G OGS QGZGh gYh a iNCG eGY EG aVEG eSEG dG LdGh SdG dG Y iQdG jQdG G OS M cG J jgXh bh g EG c dP iOCG jf f dG fdG cG dG bh AL K GgO fdGh edGh dc jL e HCG iJ M jdG dG e dG GWh dG QfCGhhVdGSjhGdGhOhOcMGJYCGhdGMQbS eSEGGjGQYCGhHfEGGGhOacgZhG eh dGh edGh YdG e jOh gJh Sh dG g dG Y dG jOGh SdGh jYdG gOHCH eSEG dG SCJh TCG dG ddG cG dCG JJ dGh ,QfGh dG dP Y AH fdG ! G M / dG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 29 29. CH dG e Sh Y dG U eCG H J d jdGh JObh dLQ EG gOJ dG IjG dG MG e Se GhOCGh Y a J dG cG ehG HhMCGHIGEGGOQYeYOLdGhjeCG AGOC Gh IgdG JbW c SGh JfGe dP S jeCG L bh MdG g Gdj CG eCG AYh eSEG cG IOb Y Lj G g Y SCJ QG H IQGOEG Mh J dG gCG G MS gh .MdG g G AGOCG eCGNGOMShLQNMSMSEGMUGcGMSJh gQHWh jgdG FGYCG G eCG a LGJ dG MdG a LQG MdG eCGh eSEG G e SSGh IOQG G a HJh eG VQJh eSEG G a HJh LGJ dG MdG a NGdG MdG .dGh dG YRJh IUG eSEG GOLG d f H H .gOHCGh cG W VGS MS c Y bJCG Sh hCG MdG aG e IFdG eSEG G a HJ dGh icNGMEGEGJdGhgjLhbcGdGdGeeOdG MGjhGJYaUGNGaGaCGhYb jG bdG dG eG jH GVjh WShCG IjG GAeEH j CG hO G HCG Jh MJ CG jeC a eSEG deBG Y Gjh efGL e gOb Sj jMG hj gh aN d j hCG L d gQEG HQ iYH gZh dGh SdG IjZ gDheO Jh faCG EG bj a dG dG YGQ g dG jeCG CG G e c U M .YCG Hjh Je :g MdGh cG g eG G gCG eh e Hj dG e -gQEG He e-gQEG e - dG e - AdG e - iQdG e - WGbdG e - dG G e - dG e - SdG SEG e -hdG dG e 30 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 30 30. 31 -dGe-SdGbGdGe-hdGfdGe-hdG hQ e - dG gJ hCG CG Y fG e - WdG G e YCGLQe-MdGe-adGhdGe-IeGhdG e - GQ G GU Hj GQ G QGM e - jOCG QGM e - .G e gZh adG e - IeGDG MS d dG dG XdGh GSG UQ h :G d WdG dG Ge gKCG AHEGh FGO XJ G XJ .G MGh BG ZdG QhOh gdG QhO ODJ H LhOe XJ G XJ .dG be j d OOdG hS a gQEH Uj CG j a AcGh dG MG AT a feEG e G MdG SCdG .QfH WGbdG eh deCG dG e dG j dG fOCG H dG G fCd SdG YdG dHh X adGh jeCG G .jeCG e JOdh Y VG jdG dG eSEG GREGh eBG c e dG .OGh SdGh IYdG ie Y JS hCG jeCG AVQE GYG eSG eSEG H aJ . CG Y dG AY fCG Gj CG hO jJ bCG Y GOa a J d jeCG eCG eYEGh dGh jHdG eCG c a .gQEG He e j a a MGh H d G Y Y G dG SQ eY eCG dG GQ G QGM gh dGh dG H bd MG GQH c jd d YGe Y e eCa G e dG eH eCG j jJ h dhO dG SCG EG G fGQdG eh G MdG Y AT !W Jh W a Y eSEG MdG e ec UeG UeGh IjG LCG LJ j CG G f OdG J eh eOdG idG GdG Y OLh d j H ! 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G M / dG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 35 35. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 36 36. dG dG OG jdG dG eSEG hG :GOG dG dG jQe H G :hCG dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK G bGh jdG d idG FdG :dK islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 37 37. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 38 38. 39 hDT Y AbEGh dG jZ d dH OG jdG dG e d egZhOdGhiQdGMCGMIehCGdjdGGgALCGedPhdG jdG JGQe H Me Y G OH Zh VQCG Y JS dG e fCG HUCG ZdH G OYG dG Gg e Y eh jOGh SdGh dG dG J dG H e GREG Sjh cj dG ja e dP Y Y J dG H GPEa LddGh LGh dGh dG W Gbhj WGbdGh SdG QGSGh dEG jW J e gCGh VQCG H c IadG CG Y de a e j j hdG fGh JSe GhNh jOh e d eCc dhdG Le GhN fCG dP G e c e MGh jG fb NH iQdG MGh jdG dG jCG dG e gc fCH Ybh Y G dG dd f LG iPCG e IOjH j jG dG dh hdG fdGh dhdG LG PHh Ojh Gf GMGh VH j Shda gZ hO d GdGh dGh fhfEGh jf G gMhh IadG dG H Gch e eGNaVGQCGUhCdGhdGJGSGYJgZh fb e OdG H Me VQCG G S gh ?jhN jCH jdG dG HQh jeCG dG Geh Zd gQ JSe S gh ?dG Y eG gh ?jdG dG jf e iL ITe bY d gh ?OdG ?jdGh MGdG dG INh eg QGhOCG d gDe g VGSG N e dPh J dG PEH dG Gg Y HLEG hMCS e Gg :j e .dG dG jQe H G :hCG .dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK .G bGh jdG d idG FdG :dK OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 39 39. ddG dG jQe H G :hCG PJ H J CG jdG dG G eCG JT dG dG EG VGh MGe H dG J e bh jdG dG GW dPh Id YdG :gh G IOh hCG MG: eSEGaGSMhdGjGHeeSEGaGYRLEGMe Y1923. : fdG MG G AfG Mh jdG jGH e hdG dG hCG dG Me .fdG dG : ddG MG e IOQdG G Me1945Y adG OG S Mh1990. : HGdG MG e hdG dG fdG dG Me1991Mh2001. : eG MG e jeCG jQWGeEG Me2001.Gg ej Mh .HQCG MGG J e Me d eG gCG TCG Sh :hCG MG ee eSEG aG Y RLEG Me Y eSEG aG S Mh dG jGH e1923 :ddG eG Mf CG MG g h NGdG dGh fG e MGe fOCG EG Uh b eSEG aG f c 40 aGSG jDhQ - 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eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 42 42. 43 dPhfdGhEGGTEGYdGhedGGMCGJQfCGH .G OH fGf jYQ dGh G OH IjG eG J Qf CGH .bGG hdG OdG Y jeCG Nj hdG Gd edG QG MCG G OH h e fdG dG G J .SBG T Lh jaEG T UN :ddG MG ee e IOQdG G Me1945Y adG OG S Mh1990 :ddG eG Mf CG MG g h EGh ZCG iQdG EG Le J dGh jG hdG dG J IUCGcYhjSGcCGGjjRdGGHhdGTYdG dG T iQdG f a QdG G Y eSEG dG RJ M a YdG f e dG dG c H HdGh bdG eSEG TL GSCGh gJSO GSQh JOb Ga e eCG g IdG egZhWdGhQSGeQdGhIQdciNCGedh .GQdG gQcMhGHdGhadGOGYdGJ gfCG dG SdG d G J iQdG J H bH deh .Gh G ZG M OdG J hdG RGdG Me aG Y dGh dG HJ Y a G Se1948. dP Jh Od a e SM GQGH gY IG CG g TO GQGdG Mh JSe M d J h d gX YCGh OLdG .dG d jW J CdG Gg QU dG jdG jeCG HQ j Y IG CG QfG Mh MG g GW G j cFHEGAHJGQGbJOGRdHdGgYdMGjCGe .gZh SdG h Oc eY eSEG dG QOGHh eSEG hG OLh M dG cG ddG dG jQe H G :hCG / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 43 43. jdGh eSEG cG AHCG e jgG H ddG OdG hG j CG YTeGeHdGYedGGdGhddGMGGbNG1948. dGJSGhhCGeSEG dGQDHJhVMGgT hgZheMcdGedGhGYHGb .dG e bGe fdG Y gj dGh dG Qc OGf Y JOH GYGh eSEG dG TL iQdG SCG eCG j jdG GG jfCG Jh fdGh QG HGH Y EG dNO e,gZhcJgccdGgcfhfEGgadEG .cCG NGdG VdG H TG g e j bGh OG eGd Jh eCG ILCG hDT JJh AH dG b GOL iQdG H bh ,jJh G AGjEH hPj UG G Uh bh ,gde Jh HJh ILCG J GOb OGYEG S Ic jCGLQOEGdGCfCGdGSdGdGILCGggCHeCG h ,cG RhJ CG dG JMU a f cG Y e RG Gg IYdG IGOeh M :IdG J Fb SCGQ Yh ILCG H UN IY Vh CGCdGGgEGQhOYNQdGeCGeh,SjJhGe d YdG J b HG dG GQSG RL JQh YCG dG IYdGEGdPHQcGfGKSQgjjHHVG eMOQhdGbSGIheedjdGfjdG (dG YdG gQEG:VY,TdG).fdG jGZCGcYaQdGGdYheHGebhMGgT a j ScQeh QRh fGJ BH G j jf da dhdG ShghOdGJGYjJQEGhGiQfhdGe dGh BH eQH e j fjJ PHh NQ G dG j dG e ShCGh cCG MG g G HGe UCG M SdG e Hj .c VQCG CG :e FSh IY N e dGh ObG HdG 1-ReG OY Y hdG UN eSEG Od FdG GhdG Y dG dG QSCG Vah dG N dGh H JG cdG gh 44 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 44 44. 45 .dP Zh 2-fa hCG EG SCGj c e dZ M dG d SCJ Y GTEG .M Me jce Qe EG j dGh 3-QhdGEGdZfGdGhIGCGdhdGdHGdGHQ .MG jf 4-ObG AGOCG eg K d SSCG dG e S AHEG .eSEG OdG c dGh 5-.G N jQh gh WdG ggX GW N AfEG 6-idGjQSGcdQdGAGOCGjHJIMjQWeAfEG ObGbGdGYCGJGJjCHKCJCGhOdGjObGdGh .G dG NGdG 7-d iG jW LQG VhdG gQ eSEG dG eG AHEG .dG jOUh G 8-dG OJ dG dG dG FGOdG Y G ObG Y IdG M Y IdG Y IQdG Qh eM e de J dGh UN .adG d dG fG He gdG e f fCd OGeG Y aGL JGSG bGe QNH dG jQSG idG eb QhefLhdYjJVhFYEGhMGIUdheSEGdG dG H Y GTe jJ GKCG d j CG hO dGh dG H ch M c G d a jQSG aCG AYEG e H G G .Y dG gh IQaS c fdH h OLdG SQ Lh IQYdGh G dG idG Va dGcaMbhGOHegdGHfGbdPheSEGdG .QG Gg Y SdG jObGhjdGGbJHeSEGdGhOLHQ .H JQGh hdG LH GdG J eCG jW adGh dGh dG eSEG dG YdG H dG idG S YTeIJeeEGeSEGdGfGhgHGee JdGGdPeCGeh,dG MCGbGhdGhHe e HfG HEG Yd Y fjdG30/11/.1967 ddG dG jQe H G :hCG / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 45 45. WdGh edGh YdGh QdG dG jQe QfGh OU MG g T e GMCG J h eSEG dG Yh V dG Ce dG HGMCGh .eSEG dG G f ZCG Y ITG dG UdG Yh QJJCc gdG MG HCG QfGh OU MG g T c .gZh fQcSh bQHh YcMghGHJdGgdGQfGhOUMGgT .RfG jdG dG e LCG EG J dGh jH IGh G dG f Va YdG dG IQOeh e dP Heh ,eG dG dG hj fjdc iNCG eL IQOeh JQOeh gRCG eCJ Gdh dG dSCH gQhO AGOCG e eSEG dG VGM idG LG eh gZh fJ .Zh eO eCG c G OH ZCG dG ZCd bG bCd edG YdG aJ RhQdGh iQdGh jQS jdc ObGh G UN VH gh .gZh OQCGh a iQdGh d UN fjdGh QJhdGh fSG OGc gG OGdGh G c dGjObGhSdGdGAHCHSGhIKDGjcGbGG .eSEG VdG e QH dPh jO G IQSG Y Y dG idG UM e fCG J H HdG Ijd UN Vh aJh H FdGh Sd .jdGh jdGh eh Y dM j Y IjG jQWGeEGh EG hdH PCJ fjdG jQWGeEG T Oc e HdG IjG UN dG bGe c fjH KGQd CJ jeCG G .IOQdG G X IjG JGSG SJh N eSEG dG JGSEG WG AHEG Y dG idG UM VjObGGQehcSRHJdGJUNFGOdG .FGdG dG dG EG aVEH MdGVhCGegYOYKKHGbghMGgKGTY .OdGJFGLCGhdGMdGSdGJhYHbYdJ SG dG dP fGe eSEG G J MGe hCG e c 46 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 46 46. 47 Y M jG OG bh1973jQJ Ie hC G GP M .J dG S dG e UG SjfjeSEGAGOCGOUheSEGGGQOGHhCGCGH IdG MCGh Sj GQNG Ie hC FOe G NG eY dG dG e MCG Qj j bh faCG OG CGH eY dP ch dG . d j CGh ShdG dH TdG Y QdG Y a QdG Dhj CG Y fGG QKBG e GhcCJh eSEG AGOCG Ya EG iQdG CWG eYh Yd gSDj CG G dG dG dG Y dG G Z ShdG dG YJcOdMYOGhajhdPecCGGjhfaCGOG eSEGhdNfGejeCGSGdHeSEGdGdGa H UH dG iS dG Gg AT CG Gj CG e H OG YO jeCG S CG j h (S) IGh GFd IO G jQGdG S .OG d hCG QG jgG FZ fc a cG NBG HhQhG hCG gQKBG e jh faCG adG Od jhG idG dG Qf CGJ RdGjQWGeEGdFQNBGdYOdGMUEGSdGIG Md dG jh adG hCG SSfH j e hCG JHQL .dG dH OGfd IjG JGSEG Vhh dG Y Qj fdG Yh eg JAGb faCG MdG iQdG CGjh VH Ga adG OG Sh RGgG b a hCG IAGdG eCG AfG dG IQG a fdG IAGdG eCGh G jeCG d jdG G Gg e G Ife ZH dGh jG eSEG dG J .G dG QdG jdG e Me CGdh dG Y M H dG jQWGeEG j MeGebGdGdGdGjLeh,dGdGMUEGh H QJ dG eGhCG dh H c dG QhO JGa aOh OGH de JH .QfG IQhVh adG ZGah dG H J YJCGh e Y e adG OG ihjh GdGdPQSGejeGATaeHahdGdGGc QNGbhCGadGGHjIdVGSHjGdGTJeHh CG hO GAGZEd SG dGh bGdG dG dG gh dG ZCG MCG Y ddG dG jQe H G :hCG / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 47 47. dGdGdGHSGghjdGhZadEGQjdGjhdGj .a J :HGdG MG ee e hdG dG fdG dG Me1991Mh2001 :ddG eG Mf CG MG g h Me e dGh hdG dG g f QMh AH jeCG J dP Rh GG cCG d bGdG dG AdG QSGh IOQdG G .IG J d IG CH SH gdGh dG CGhdGdGILCHdGYdGjeCGUG fGdG jGdG c AL M fdG G M GSG Y fGdG .jeCG jGdG SGh dG Y jGH G IQSG Y Y jeCG UM eRCGhSdGeRCcGeRCGGSGYjgXeSEGILCG .dG G AGS dG idH j c jdG dG d jeCG b GP jeCG dG c bh SBGh jaEG IQb UN ObG hCG SdG SBGhfdGhFGGIceCGhUGLhYfahShQMY .gZh SdG SdG SBG IYGdG jObG GhdG Y gj VH dG dG CGJ SdG VhCH YdGh dG GQe SQ N e dhdG IhdG UN Gh JGQSG dGh WdG e dG GhOCG H J IOYEGh AY hO iQdG EG IhdG J d dG FYEGh SdG idG H RGdGh .G H gCG e j CG hOh dG Y dGh LddGh ObG G bd jeCG GSG .dGh Shc SSCG G VE dH jdG dG e NCG gS S H jG dH dG EG dG jeCG eCG YT Qjh ILCG a HdGh eSEG dG UN dV a jeCG a dG edcJhgZhYEGhHdGGQGRhbNCGhHdGhdGdG .dG Ve cdG S dG Vh 48 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 48 48. 49 EGGegGcbGNGaOdGedGdGIcQhJh Oah GJh fjQe G Yh oYh b J dG IjL a G jdG JG h cdH dd WG H CJh G Y FGSG Y a VfG O dh1999.Ma G Y J dGSdGdGaJYGjEGdGVdGMjeCGIYG EG Hj G CGH Yh aG He g MUEG d bEGh IG CG W Ie hCG N bh eY gQK SdG J JDJh GW jeC HjEG QKBG HJh a dG j e j fCH ge .GdG hZh faCG hZ b dP Ff SGh JGP J VQG bEG SdG GLCG jeCG cJ ILCG YQJ M faCG dG GW M c jdG VQdG FdG SdG ch dGh fcdG ILCG e fGjEGh ShdGh jdG ILCG V cKQCG ILCG YQJ eY dG eCG fh jeCG eJ K jSdG MdG gh IUG eSEG ILCG MS dKdG VHhQhCGILCGQJMeeEHcc,FdGdjeCG .NBG Lh e fdG MdG Y jeCG ILCG jdG H UN jMh OdG hG f M JGSEG jJ jeCG dhM dh fch Od dH Oe Z Y GhAL jdGh hgG Va dG dG HhdG SdG dG hdG f gCG e c gG IH jdG dP iHCG bh jgG GbCG e dG j M FGSEG EG Q MEGh e ch ,GNCe AL GQSG dh gOCGhh dG d edG OGSG dG OdG GNd eH eSEGh HdG dG GHCG a J jdG gG IdG H jS WQN jQL jJ AGLEG J jdG gG e ch Gh ddG G H Gc eJh fdG G H CGH dGh .JGSG dG hO N f IjG dOG U QSGh dG cQJJCG cdG QhdG TfEG dh FG G Jh FGSEG cdG ddG eh gG IY Y G .GdGhSdGSBGGjeCGILCdcJeNhGdGhjQd e M Y YEG Y eSEG G jEG jDhQ Y dG jeCG c Y YJ c gQEG LG GAGLEG1996dPh dG T De ddG dG jQe H G :hCG / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 49 49. eGhCG e Fb dH CGh a FGOCG jJ e hgG eY .IY eSEG dG He d dGedGYjHjhdGdGJShdGj jOj IY AL dGh dG dG d IN aVEG H jdG g dh cH G Y bG QJ CG eCG J d hCG G ALh ddG ja Y fG b fC Y QhO d e ShdG d aVEG .jeCG dG dPh gQEG HQ H SGh jeCG ILCH dG Qc c dG .dG gZ H j M CG EG UdG e G e f M S :eG MG ee e jeCG jQWGeEG Me2001Gg ej Mh :ddG eG Mf CG MG g h M SdG NG e fEG11e bhe AL fCG a e VhCG Ea S Y IdG eR d G JGSEG Gh eQdG jeCG ZdG .cG jOdG dG eBd L eN aJ dh dG EG LH jeCG J 11dG JGSG VH jdG EG S OG T Z b JGSEG d jeCG SCG a EGh dG dG b .jdG dG e fdG jH adG JGSEG GSG M e L e c MG g jeCG LNCG eCGh Ff dG dG ch OSG a hCG eCG FQ jeC IjG bMYdMh dUaCGehGGSGadG .G dSGh eh dG JGSEG e HdGh fhG gG d dG jeCG a SdG dG j H adG eh gcCG eh e ZGdG TJ GdCH dG eh GS IQeh IcCG eN d eSEG G .Ggh jeCG Hb IgX eSEG dG dd MG GdCG H jRh TG dG QSG jeCG OL .jG dG eJ j e Ggh f jeCG ILCG Y jOdG ILCG bJ 50 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:46 PM Page 50 50. 51 .MCG H dG jeCG IQd VQCG Y jeCG dG H UN dG T Y dGh GdH jeCG YEG TDe U jeCG GJ h HdG jeCG HdG dG M Y GdG dG hCG .j H ej QhdG IOjR J adGh dG e LQO YCG gGeh fjOCG NG Yh dG T S IQU J j GdG Y jeCG dG V UG dG aY .eOdG jQdG MG dG H jeCG bd IO dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK gh :MGe S EG jdG dG N eSEG hG Qe f CG h :hCG MG.hCG dG bfGh dG AdG Me Y e1928Mh1948 :fdG MG.dGh IQOG K hCG GdG Me Y e1949Mh1966 :ddG MG.dG QfGh fdG dG Me Y e1967Mh1979 :HGdG MG.dG dG ch dG GdG Me Y e1980Mh1990 :eG MG.jG dG dG eCG jOedGh NG Me Y e1991Mh2001 :SOdG MG.IUG eSEG d TG jeCG GSG Vh Me e2001.Gg ej Mh .dG MGG J e Me d eG gCG TCG Sh :hCG MG ee Y e hCG dG bfGh dG AdG Me1928Mh1948 eGahFGSEGbYEHJheSEGhGSCHMGgCGJh :ddG dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 51 51. AdEG gh Y Va NC eSEG eCG a HSG dG IG b YEG e a S N HGb H dG eEG LCG a eSEG aG e OMh G GNEG YL SCH aG AdEG OdG c e UJ N eh aG IOY gh Vh dG dG N e eSEG hG eCG eJh dG QfGh G AH IOYEG J dGh hd dG dG .hG UGe e dP Z EG OLG W e IOjR hCG f hO aGH eSEG G Y hG OYG H e edG dch G eCG a J dG eSEG dG e ed O .IadG CG OLhSShJhJeGdGGhOCGdhGSG .gZh hH dG J e edGh dG jQ G dG d hG SG dMGjdGGAeEdHSGhOSGYIQObhe .jQ G dG QWEG LP AGOCHh hG dEG YO e ZC dG dG SDG IGGeeedGhYdGdGQWEGhHdGhOGYEG .Zh SDG IQGOEGh LGh SdGh ObG eSEG gG Y eSEG G J IOYE bdG HdG dG Vh .YG AGOCG J h GdG dGh J M gOGYEGh HJ IOYEG Y eSEG IG G ICGG QhO SG .OSEG O dh GdG V ICe Hfd TdGh fdGh QSdH MG dG G G SdG AGOCG .MG g H NR dG dG dG e dP Zh Y gG cJh e c eCG AYh GOH dG JG IGf Vh .FGG EG fhfEG e NdG gj b bdG dGh IQGOEGh dHh YEH gG Y dG jQe ae IOdG hGc AGOCG Gg GOe Jh YG HG AGOCG SCG Vhh G .dP Z EG YdGh dGh jGh eG iQdGh HfGh 52 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 52 52. 53 :fdG MG ee Y e dGh IQOG K hCG GdG Me1949Mh1966 S d UdG dG GYEH Jh a jgG NH MG g CGJh :ddG eG ah b OOj M dG S OG gh hG GOe NC QNG hCG dG dG hdG e h M cdG cdG Gg d UdG ZG dG eEG SHjaUNAGOCGedGGgCHdGMQQbfCMGJ JGSG jDhdG EG j d MG Y ITe HjEG Ff d j EGh Me CG Qd Hb jh hG OG dG j H iG IH .dGWBGhGdIOGgJYdGSffCGdhdJ hG b e Ie hC HdH fHh GQhR G jG jdG dG J e d dj M jgH ITe Gej CG dG Cj h dG SCG QOUh b T QhH ddG HdG dG bh ,a jdG U JdGdPCHdGefGcSCGVhhajgG dGeEGQOCGh,EGdGTHLTdGFdaHSCGd G Y QdG WEH jgG eCj CG fCGh bG fG W SdG j Gg h .j d SQO OdG dh FGdG be S CH cGh IQOdG dG U TH Y e dG G3/9/1949Fe{ : GNOaPfEHdGeGGbEG GGNEGYeeHQCGh e T c jM dN GdJ TCG H HdG TG NO b OG VQCG S e cCG CG G EG aQ e T L VGQCGh dG ib GIObS,eGFGdGgGfcSGdGTLKhGPEGM,ec Z -hU gh- OGeEGh DG LddG HCG EG M e SdG IMh dYH eGhCG QJ ADg .dG WT Y j OdG ch ?ADg TCG S e cCG jJ gh Y eh ,G MCG jdH gMh cG c Y f (fG).zfGM ee fCG UJ e bCG ee ej hCG dG-ZHCG OjR - a bh eSEG1985- Y- bdG QGO- U133 Me Y aCG dG SDG e H Gej d HSCG dG j QdG Gd acG a J fOCG hO d OdG H J fc dGh dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 53 53. je JGQSG jCHh J dG MQ SDG b g gOQ c Gdh YU GAL J G OH GQSG ILCG CG eCG a dG dP eh .U K eb he g H eCG dG hG e SSCG J M jQdG EG G e dG hG H b dG jdG GSG eCGOSEGYhGGIOLGZGdGeGNEGjhIQdG G e cCG e Gfa ej H Gj dGh d G jdG EG .f dG SdG VdG j jQ jdGh ehG e M eSEG hG e a IjL d MG EG M G QJJCG j e Jh dGh JOGQE QfG fCG Y dG Jh jYdG TGh b e cJ .QSCG jQdG gREH Ma jjCG cj fe MW ShJ QhJh eSEG hd bG QdG HhdG hG dj fdG MG eY dG h hCG MG G dG G eCG AGSGGHjghMGejhdLQjhgRCGYCGa MjhLGJhGhbGdhCGdhdGFGLJhGh g c jG dG d dG jh jhGR c GQG Jh G .QJJCG d GJCG e e d SGhdG G K a OhNCG UCGh QYh H Ojh YhQG hG IGH XMGh dSG iS HhdG hG j AT eCG jQJ j OG LGh jODe d dG b VGQ gQhU .SEG eCG bOU jQJ bh EG hG j eY dG QN HCG Ojh dG a dG cGTH dGSGh eCG bGh e jdG AdEG h dG a Jc Jh e VGQ AGdG cH e dG MQ b S N G dG EG d HdG dG RhJ EGh Mh HdG dG d .YdG jG QdG hGh IYdG QhH H J dG a JYOh jH jQa hLG jh K GOdGh Gh dGh GdGh dG a VQCG bCG EG eSEG .gZh HhQhCG g a eCG bGe eSEG jQG J bdG Gg 54 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 54 54. 55 YCG HCG OG j M jdG IQdG T hCG G eg ML jh,jdGIQdGTeSEGYGSCJhJchaOhOG G H NCG eSEG iDhdG cJ dG jH HQCG jdG .JdG fdG iH ShG dG NGO e dG dG IQH Jh G dG Y KDa dG h eGd fh ,IYdG Y bh dG jdG jdG f UdG H Y e Y AGOCG RGJ V EG J fc dGh LG Y S dG G Z EG e OCGh h QdG Gg IU dG M GNEG Te a IYdG .dCG g J HJ IU Y :ddG MG ee Y e dG QfGh fdG dG Me1967Mh1979 eG ah GOdG H Jh HhdG UdG dG H MG g CGJh :ddG hCG eSEG dG e jQJ QJ NCG Y Gh dG j U j Y gj eh SG H Je Y dG VQ Y SG eY MCc hCG bh G e CJ dG AG OdG GbCH GPEa jdG .dG jCG M Ff NCG dGgUhOdGGbCGbhYgGHhdGhGjh .gJ eCGh GDGh YLH bG G M djh ,GdH jdH J dG CGJh HhdGh cGTG jQd aQ Y MG J .fCG e OY dP Y Hjh dG dG Gg e OJh H bY Jh Yh A e TCG dG e Ljh jW UGe e hG IOb Ohj .iNCG LCG Y MG OJ CG aNh iPCG M gKCJ e jQG e H dGh jdG AGLCG H eSEG dG IOb j jheSEGGLjhSGhGREGdPjhHdG .gZh hVdG Sj dGh GdG MG dG Gg cM Jh eSEG cG IObh eCG AY b e dG cQG IFGO J .Y ,jdG ,hH ,IgdG :ddG UGdG dGh LdG ddGh dG e SGh Yb eSEG dH Jh eG J dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 55 55. .HdG dG UHh bGG e .JSDe Jh jeCGh HhQhCG eSEG dG SCj dG YG gCGh Jh MG g iNCG eSEG cG SCJ .OGh cGdHIOhGGUGh HdGjGHMGJ IOb jh e jdG dG dG jS dU cM gCG e c JGQSG G S dGh HdG G bCG iNCG dhh ,dhG M G eSEG dH Y e hCG e dGY Y gh Ge .jj hCG eY jYh N dG HT a he YT H JG KCGeajOdGdGMQaGeeSEGdGIOb Hj gCG eh dG gGh eG UN dG dG Y KCdG dP e Zh J dG MQ bGdG GdG O dG KCdG dP Ob e .jGh AdG FGSGh dG H bG M V G J1973G jh dGYhdGbYdGMQaGCGjh,GdeSEG jdGfSGFGhONedGhCGAGLaGQeEGjGRdGjh .e GcJVFGSGbh gIQh HdGJGSG J G Lj dG GOdG QfCG G FdG MG H jh ,HdG .eH hG V eSEG cG a ,HCG J EG dUH GOQ G FdG a OG YL gh eSEG dG LCG MCG CGj .SG Y OdG H FdG Jh G eCd G QhO Y GHdGbUNIcGOGYCGYjhHdGeSEGdGGj .gZh cHh OQCGh GOdGh dGh FGc Ic OH dG eSEG H hCG SDa ObG G QdG hCG CGJ hCG d eSEG HO H gh GQeEG J dG MQ Y Y QcdG .dG d c eSEG dG Y dG HdG Y VGYG Y cM G MS Y G dG YEG He G eSEG YEG j JGQeEG UEG h jdG G gh IFGdG eSEG G RJh .gZh fdG ceEG h jG IYdG h fdG eCG h 56 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 56 56. 57 :HGdG MG ee Y e dG dG QfGh dG GdG Me1980Mh1990 ah adG OG H Jh faCG OG YEH MG g CGJh :ddG eG YeGdGaGaGjCGgMGgjOGHLeYCGeh MCG d j dG dG dP eSEG hG Qe gCG e OG jeTCGdGhadGOGVfaCGOGAHghHM eSEG YGh G GNEG GOb e hh H aCG IJSCGh c e d J cG hgG H NO dG ZG CH Y cH d ej dG idG NCG MCG RGd jgG feEG h jdG HG .dG dG f S CGd Lh Y dG PEG eCG bNCGh dG OdG AGS f dH eSEG cG J MG J jQe RHCG e jh OG jGQ aQh IdH dG h hCG CGa dG jdG V fdG jGH jQS OG G GNEG he e Ic SC hG jh ge c eCG OaEG gP dGh cG fH SG dG J J bh e Y bEGh dG idG c LEG Y dG IYdG c ,iNCG SCG EG aVEG OdG1979bh Gba dhdGgIQHhCGdHGhQadGEGGYdGVaejOL .e IUN HdG HG YdG GjEG T S gh G eCG dG bCG jQJ dG gCG MCG J CGJh ,ggdG TdG d ITe fa e eOb Ge G NOh j dG bGdG dH eUG CG d e dG IUG dG HdG AHEG eh IQdG jH OJ JH dG dG dhdG e Ic SC f HSG CG a dG ObG Y jhJ eh FGO GSG G HdGh NCG cCd G MQ QGOh jdG h dG IQTEd c G .ej J fCa h dGh dG H jQdG F dG Odh efaCGOGYHUNHSCJeeSEGcGJ MG eYEG AGOCG jJ eh VdG Gd fCG dG jG dG .eSEG cd dG bdGh SdG AGOCG eh Od Y d jQdG Jb OdG j1982edG dG YdG d ajh dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 57 57. dPHjJdGhfdGdGGJjhSShjY LGe Y d G CGjh ,d LG fM eY IjL gH d Ie IN dP a d YGdG jeCG cdGh OdG LG .OdG OG ,fGNEGEGdGHdehfaCGjgGYIjTHjCG dGdGbGjfdGehCGdGFHCGJeYh dG jeCG Jh adG OG a EG faCG H eCjh jeCG IOH ASG Yh jgG e OhG hdH d IQTEG Qa OG YO Y gCGechSCG HUHdGhaGYdG HaJh OdG dGh cdG dG hjh ,GFd IO G S jQGU dG SdG AdG e G jdG jg feh fe bJh CdG Gg .jgd aJ e ch dG g e edG AGG WN dG GQSG Jh Gj d jgG H GMCG e M CH j CG g :G J gCG e Gj jQ TCG Y H G AHEG e H c e LQ Y geCG QhHQJhdGUQhJdUdG aCGjgGY JdHhe .Ge H dG IOb LJ jQJ KCdG Y G LCH eSEG cG IQb Jh eSEGYGhGGNEGjeYUNaCGOG .H UN faCG GFb YG e IMGh c a IMGh iDhQ Y cH Y j M S ce HQCG jdG UGjh1980f EG HfH jjG c jh GG d ia WGdG dG e cQJJG d jdGh dG e S CGd fdG IG jh dG .G G AV GG SH f cH eSEG YG VhCG Jh faCGOGeedGJjdhCGh dGILCGahdhgG MG eSEG YG OL jT RGf jh QGSCH G AV jh .Jfe d ddG dG dhdG V dGh ShdG dhdG V c e c OG Oj gCGMCcOGSGdGheSEGAGOCGIQUSQjdGGga 58 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 58 58. 59 .dGh fdG Y N G H e eSEG jh eSEG dG GOLG QJh OQCGhdEGjdGEGcHebGeedGfdGbGNG QGbEGh fdG IG N e UEG feEG eBG GJh gZh .JY Y QSdG VdH J Gdh jYdG QdG GYd dG ce H IYdG j J a IhK LhCGh dG eSEG dG iKCG e c gOLG .G e c T c IjL bGe d fdG Y eSEG hG IFGO GJ .H adG OG hJh H jaEG e bGeh SBG jQJ cCG d e T j Y a OG dG SCj hGGOeVaMecHGLahdGheSEGhG EG be e eCd eCG d a VfG J K SSCG eSEG .He g e HGdG M dG IOH GOdG eSEG cG J fG gh dG jdG jdG GSH dG iG Y e Z hCG Sb b fc dGh OdG J VdG PfE eSEG M YEGh dG .QfGh dG e fOCG :eG MG ee jG dG dG eCG jOedGh NG Me Y e1991Mh2001 OH Jh HdG Ijd jeCG IhdH MG g CGJh11ah S :ddG eG eY eSEG cG LCG H G dG RdG QOGH hCG CGJ YHdGIjGdGdGTL1991ddGdGMGYAH LGh WdG jQG VJ dG jdG IQN ie j G dHh jdSSCGeGMCcIYdG jeYeSEGhGYWdG .jYdG G eSEGdGhjdGEGeSEGhGLMLGdH JGc dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 59 59. hJ CG H UN G fGG QdGh eSEG YG H G .dG jGH e hG IQGOEH UG jOLG G Y dG eSEGdGGQJJGSEGdGiefdGGH JGc .e edG ch dhdG GQdG QGhOCG j d fdG Y CGH dG OGh YdG afG j QH J dGh dG jYdG QdG JG dP e jh dG Y .dG e bGe jOL HjEG GKCJ adG OG S N dG ZGdH eSEG hG KCj jJQEGh LWh ch dG b e j c OG QDH a hd dH N CfCG G H ah dGh SdGh .OdGh dG QhJ fc dGh SdG dG ihJh dG dGh dG N QJ QfG dP G jh OdG a f dG J hCG dG YdG a .gZh jfh fhfEGh edGh dGh FGG YJCGeCaGOdGeSEGdGQGSGedGdGJh IOdGIUGPdGhQCGGeHLOGjhdVdH LJ gh IjG dG SS QOGH hCG GOdG jeCG Jh SGh GObYdPaGOdGY dGOGOJhOeQGHhjGH dG G X dhdG IQGOEG JGSEG N Y a GOdG hG Od d MG GQhCG H G f jh NGdG fG jh dG jeCG dG Geh gCG IQGOEH gQ hG e jh jeCH GUG .HdG G ITG dG V JjdhCGh dGJGSEGdbGeEGdGEGdGeGMSJh AGdG cG gCG eh eSEG hd HjEG Ff EG dP ODjh YGUh LGe JGQd G cG eh e NG Y iQd G YedGgaghY1992-dHSQOjeCGJYVhCGjOheh dGgOUegYdedHGjCGjeCGaOGQCGbhIhdG .jeCd he hg EG edG bG ODa jG Y Hc dNH G MG c1994Gbhj jQH Gceh jhe QhHeegfIjLdCHeGfcdgdGejWIdW 60 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 60 60. 61 bEG idG NJh RdG e CGH Ggh ,WShCG GHG Y j c a jeCG dG ILCG d JLCG dh Hc jG bGdG Yd aCG OG N dGh jGh dG QKBG J dG J GLCG .G EG bj eSEG YG gG c bEGh dG egG J Hh e aN EG Hc a iJ eSEG YG H J a dG ie e YL dd QdG Gg j CG e Jh iNCG eSEG LCG H dG jh aCG OG GOb e IO GOH GJ b hNBGh e cCG SG Ue OL Ff G VCG Ggh QeCG ed IOdG dhCG .dG FdG NCG Mh b jh dG AGYCG eCG GNEG H faCG ShV MW G MQ QhJh e H AbdG jh ,a A j hdGh fCG G H G dG hj ADgh GjEH ADgh dG hdG ShH j ADa M d j .cH Qgb j jdG dG W gh G QWEG QN jL ja j gh GdhdG JhOaeHdGhgGHjaCjjdGh hCG IQGdG WCG dG G Y dG Hh e YLSG Y ea dG Hh ,G H jL e jQV G MQ fG a dG Gd a e G YJ CG gQfG H IjG dG J M ahe dG dG H dh gOHEG QhO Aa jG dG V J CG J .dG Y SG e LQO CG EG G j M IG g ITe jhGQgOgCGhJbdGYdGHQehGGFGGJh c a dG J e fa FGa JJh cG FGG dG jaEG fa KGQd UdG Ub jeCG CJh OQG d dG gJaO IObh jd YCG Y bGe Gj CG eSEG hjh OdG a UCG H bG J adG Mh e iDhdG dh eSEG cG Y a gdGh hdG SG dGh eSEG cG T dG OLG aG eSEG cG H GOLG H Y c a a ,dGh OG e H eh GG HMCG hG jh ,b EG YdGh fdG Hh QdG QJh OdG da GQhCG N hj jdG YdG jYdG WT dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 61 61. AeO Y jh AGh dG Y eQ j a LGNEG G YG OGOjhFGGGMJdfaEG dGjh!GWCG .dGh dG dG gh ddG fdG dG dG YCG jd dG eGhCG QJ N e ahG YGG eG H jG dG jh fJ dG dGeeLPjHGPEGGPEGMjGHahdHOYdG .dG NGdG AGQRh c H j dh gdG JbhCG YdG j h dGh dG H eSEG cG e IjL Yb NJh jG dG a dG OH UN eSEG dG HG cYeSEGjhjeCGeITeHbd JeMHJh S Jh FSh H YEGh dG dGh eG dc KCdG Yb Y dG EG d dh jgHh SEG IYOh eCG LH jL e eGdG .Lh Y fH OdG a HbdG e aEG fcdG jhdG dG Jh dGdddGGZECjhecHdGgQcdG j .jdGh MGdG dG faCG hd cdG VQCG jh g eCG IdG jdG dG OM e jh GQdH SBG T L HjhbdGQJghATedhOJhGYdGZCGbG G a fhfG QJjO S Ye jh dGSG G U EG Jh dG GG f a KGQd iH Gd dh WSEG gQhO . e WGH VhCG cQT dGh iG dG ObG FGOCG SG Ye e jdG jh c RedG MCG Vjh gQhO G GQfG a G jCGh dG a dG EG dG j CG c dGh gGHEG QfCG QcdG gh AGa .e QdG e c j H QcG jh jde CHjhFbEdBGcJhcJeSEGAGOCGY dGOGOj IOb GLEG KE QSdGh fdG jh dG c Y AjEG hCG eQ cG Jh eQh SG J c HQCG M QOjh cJ eSEG dG VhbgeSEGSQGCGhUNcdGeSEGdGIObHS .f hJJCG fGb Yh dG QG gh Z MGh Qe f 62 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 62 62. 63 :SOdG MG ee IUG eSEG dTG jeCG GSG Vh Me e2001Gg ej Mh :ddG eG ah a GJ K faC jeCG IhdG e CGJh QhO AdEG G ZQ Y bCG NBG SE bGdG dCd jeCG QSG Vh Gd ghHh adG OG GhR H QdG KdG Jh IG CG .LNCGh U dG bGdG eCG dG dGh eSEG hG e Ld Lh MG g jeCG JGSG bJ dGeGdGJfcAGSajcdGeGdGhGHCGeeCGS JGQe a dGh WGdG eGdG J eh f dG hCG eSEG J eh jJ bCG Y dG dS eSEG dG ah jeCG dH e IYdG eh LG H jeCG JQOU dGh dG YdG QhdG eGdG .eSEG dG GH c LdGh dG N Y jeCG NOh gQGhOCG AGOCG jQWGeEG J CG J dG jeCG dG hdG VdG J H KJ dG Od h hdG fd h hdG d j a e fdG d J Gg e ed QdGh QdG Ca dG e `d j dP c jW dG jbGGghIQjQWGeEGcSegbeYdGhdG .fa Y j c H Y M e IjT IM eSEG cG IOb INCG dG dG Vh eSEG YL c J H jT OL Vh c d MG GQG .O VhCG J e ej CG eSEG b hCG M c e G Oj jG H dG IT eh GdG dG G Qj fjdGNdGdGhLdGfgLdGhdGfgdabj CG hjh fGNEG dEG S H SQO hCG d a SQdG HCG jh dG .Jh S dG dG N eSEG hG Qe :fK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 63 63. dG bGh jdG d idG FdG :dK dG d fb H c a OHCGh gG IOe jdG dG Ff EG fGdCG H bfdG WCGh SQGh M G dG OEGh WCG M G OH G dG OEG QfH dG j CG Lh Y dG Aj dh VQCG Y G j CGh WCG M dG bJ CGh Qe QT bJh adG adG OG SCG dG aCG OL N e dG jf YU V dP eh e Jh H IMGh eM d j dG bdG Gg h ?G bGh dG jGQ dJ GPEG a jdG AGOCG dP e G dG Ff Y cQCG a OG jdG dG G :a e NCG AG :jOe KK Sh HjEG eSEG hH J dG I```YdG Ge idG FdG SdG Ge idG FdG O````G Ge idG FdG :j c a IYdG Ge idG FdG eCG 1-dG eGH c ah G OH H jZ dG MhWGh FdG c a .HZh G OH T SGQ GOW SEG Hh FdG OaEGh OEGh 2-OEHGMjdGGTcdGiGYGOSG OEG T Y Ha jdG dG e MOQ ShdGh jOdGh fGdGh hdGhRbdGhSdGSBGMdGhSEGTYbTCGhdGh .SBG T L h dG h jaEG h dG 3-NOhHZhbTdGOHhJCGeGVYeSEGIYdG .gZh jGh ShdGh iQdG e LGaCG dG jO SdG 4- dG H Y dSGh JGOLG OJh eSEG cd G AGOCG KCG e W eSEG hd LhCG fCG dP eh HjEG GK jdG dG N MGh QJ V GOLG J Y j H dG jYdG GOLG dPfCGcOLGhCGCGQYMHhG fQGhOCGeGYJha .Ggh dhCG dEG e ADg a OOJ a j e G j 5- fjdGjdGYdGGjdGdidGFdGeh 64 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 64 64. 65 JhfheSEGGOLGhiDhdGH bdfjGG .dG dG hCG dG dG AGS G MS bdG :j c a SdG Ge idG FdG eCG 1-AdEGYjQdGdhDGOdGehfdGhEGUNiQdGj dG Gh dG N e dPh aG gh idG SdG G Le dhdG J Fd eb dG OhdG YdGh fdG dhdG Y S Gg ej Mh M bh G c ,QJJCG hdG OdG SCGQ Yh LG e ie CG OjEG dG M G e edG dhDG YhdEGgeCGjdGdGGSGYGYdGhSdG AfGhYjcfEGMQHeSEGjdGJHAHIdGGAYOG .Y eMh G gQEG fC iQdG RL M gQEH G JH 2-dhDG jeCG gh dP H e J eh fdGh EG j c V QGSGh OdG jCG G Se S Y edG jQdG .G Y OdG dGh dG 3-GhddGYedGjQdGdhDGdGejdGdPjh jdG dG jGH acGh OLh TJ hH e hdG UN G .Gg ej Mh 4-eedGdhDGjeCGhfdGhEGUNiQdG dGh dG CG H ISCG W H jdG bM SQ e G gh adG OEG dhO QMfG H UN JfjOh jQJ LGd OY jhdGGeRWGbOHhShdGjGSGadG SG Gch Kh Hh e hd OdGh iQdG QS H Gg MCG Y OdGMCGhcjGPEGiQdGOHZCGGdGGGMCG KdGhdGeGghFGSEGGdhdGGYIdGaG Y M eCG fh jeCGh HhQhCG iQf Y dhCG Lh dG dG dGh dGYhjeCGLhOGfJhdGjMjeCG dG HG TH QL SG Y M c WGbdG T hCG WGbdG c Ea G dM eCG dG ZCH M RdG e j h H M c G jdG KCdG J jdGh GGh G dSCG dG bGh jdG d idG FdG :dK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 65 65. .HG FGG 5-IjdGFfGhdGhbdGgGYidGjdGdGFfeh hFfGJiQdGSQeMIGCGbhQCGgj bhGV dGYYdGcjdGbMFYEHGjhejGGj J bh bh a e Z g EG dGh SdGh ah ch Ubh dG Y OdG aQ a dG H hO gMh G dG V FfG UhaQhgGjfedGSGbdGjaCGG M YOh jY Y dG c j dG dG jdG Y jdG Q bh QG djEG G Y G aQh G Ub iQdG CGbMYVjdGgMhGdhfSMedG .IG 6-bGe h G Y IQdG SdG HdCG edG e dh iQdG SQe JgSGhISdGhGeGGYOMdGeIc dGdHdGbeeGbhdGSGGhCGALKdGSdGgOa MGUegNBGhGjEGTedhCGdIceCGh dGdH J G e fY dG dGh FG QGe Gj CG bGdh .QdG 7-Y J IjL Y JGSGh IY jH jdG dG iQdG N MiQdGMCGhOjjdGhgjcOdGjGN dG d Y Oeh hCG hc G GSH JGSG J J hOdGhiQdGdGdGeGCGjghYH OdGh iQdG H dG dGh dG dh g f G e MGh .jdG jQJ GW 8-iQdGAcGYgSdGGjdGdidGFdGMCGeh QLEH EGh G VQCG b OdG dG YH jeCG SCGQ Yh dGh G e GQe Y e bdG Jh OdG b Y G dG Y GSGh G Gg jd aeh G V GSGh GSG Yh dG GW H dG GhOLCG dG SdG dG jJh SdG SdG QGSGh dGh dGh ShCG dc G e ee JG jQGh G J eh ec T aQh IjT fMH AGLCG Ce 66 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 66 66. 67 .ShG JGh jO ec 9-bOdGOLdOhdGYOjeCGSCGQYhiQdGj SS IOYEH jdG dG GN EGh IcG Gh dH G VQCG GjJhjdGYGdGAHIOYEGhGhdGhITGjdGdG eh WCG G V Y HdG G EG OdG G fhfEG e J gcCGh G bGe VCG GSG g CdG Gg iL e YCG dGfCGiNCGdeVQCHdGfcKfaCcdGdGSH Y jeh a fCG jeCG YG dP eh Qj h a j a aG .VGQCG J G N 10-Z LQH G eCG hDT NJ e jeCG SCGQ Yh iQdG QW Oe e j eh j e j Y gDh gh c jQdG be a Gceh eh h e jeCG FdG fGh d SEG OM bh eSEG jdG Y jH SdH G Kh Gf eY QdG jeCG e c dG dG Mh jOSG dG eM FdG dP jHdGh dG G eCG jOe Gda dP e HCG EG dG jH e GQHW dd GeSGh gG GVhh jjCH G HJ GSQeh chjjCGbhSDGheGechHdGOdGedGhYdG .j e M OdG G WYh Y Gj M dP 11-dGh dG hGh G eCG H hdGh gdG dM GQe c S Jh YdG jdGh LG e G G GR M dG GW SG .de c d dG fEG e eCG 12-jdGdGagGMSSdGjdGdGFfgCGeh QGSG EG e QfG EG bCG OdG J JH H G OH ZCG W GOa IG SdG dGh GMCG KYh eYG gadGh h G OH SdG SDGh LG c dH QfGh VYh OdG .CG H e d J CG a dGh SdG H G ME J J 13-LddGh dG j b e jdG dG ghCGh eBG G eCG bh eCG CG gh dP Z EG WGdGh dGh adG IG CG fYEGh HZ hCG dG ajQCGh dG e AMCG AGS AT fYEG J e j hCG dh fjQe QU hCG dG hCG G e OdG GcCG hCG G fhfEG dG bGh jdG d idG FdG :dK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 67 67. AGS VQCG gCG e j fCG hj a dP eh IG GOdG S dGHeJGhKH,GhdGdOeYTjghAGH .dG h 14Y dGh SG EG dGh G eCG ObG fEG Y QfG - dGOjdGHObGGebhiNCGCGeGg .eSEG hG Y S jh 15GQe c Sh Gh edGh WdG jQG d YCG dG UdG AfG - ie CG jQG J M eSEG dG fdG GMCG fYEGh .J CG Y a jObG JGhK Y a h d SG e 16CG H OG IFGO eSEG hG bh g idG jdG dG Ff eh - WdG jDhdG dG IFGO fGh G eSEG SQGG UGJ J .eCG dG G dG bJh dN eh :j c a OG Ge idG FdG eCG 1-L cQG jOG QdG e W Gh jdG dG fG Oc bEGh Oh g e eh aCG Oc Yh eT g e e VQCG G Yb YU GTe SEG SCG b QdG J c dh dG .G gGDhQh 2-gh j CG dG iQdG NCGh gCG iMEG EG dG Gg OG Uh dG Y j Y dhO NCG iMEG SEGh ddR ITG gG .adG OG gh dhdG J EG dG f j c PEG hdG 3-eCG FZ hCG dG MGe gCG EG dG Gg OG Uh c FdG dOe -bCG fc EGh- G MS H Y eY G G Gg J YCG e ch fdG jh G j e eCG GPEa gdGh .jOSG dG jgG NO g dGh dG H 4-JQbh OG feEG dG e H jdG dG jH G OSG .jQdG b e gOGLCG M dG idG FdG Y c 5-G gL a Fg dJh iG Hh jW OG T CH d JG OGSGhdGjhdGeINCGKdGOdGGWdG fh e aCG bh jGH dG Gj h fh GY UG dG 68 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 68 68. 69 .f Wh VQ H AGdG e 6-AGYCG H e VQCG Lh Y e eh OG bJ fCG G KCG .aG fGNEG e fhY eh G 7-MeLJfCGhOGaOjdGhGHEGhQHGYJQbGKCG gGgKCGegCGechJdGSOGYV .a YG hgG 8-GHjcdGIQSCGMYdGWeEGeG e d YGe Y dG Gah OSG JGQSG RLh FGSEG .OdG d dG 9-ehGAGYCLGGhehGihHGAHCGHYdGeJQG .e e cCG HjEG QKBG GhCGQ eY UN gOa 10-IOSGfeEHHeEGbeeGeCGeCGhgG OL .OdG jCG e SG 11-edGfeEGjaGbeYJdGgOOdGhIGGJ JeZdHhOdGhdYGdGjeCGdGeOG . eZ bG Gj a G VGQCG Y dG jeCG 12-GOLGhfLhOGhGbhjdGdidGFdGeh M dG GQdG AV Y `d MG GQG j a VQe eSEG He jYdG SQGG bh dTEG g e jjh G MS Yh dG . dG g jJ VQeh 13-eDj L hNh HZh bT eCG OG GGh bdG e dM hM IS Y J gH GMCG QH Oj DhHBG a c QfGh AhdH f bJ gcCG hCG hG IOb bH UN ,fCG eSEG hG IOb eOd Ze e dG ij H a OG h YO H .jeCG gh d edG YdG hajh OdG hG j e NGJ CG jdG dG AT dGh OG jdG dG GQ VGSG dHh G VGh MS Y f CG dG Y eG dG jGH Jjf dGgOGQCGdGIQdGJdgJdGQGbCGWhIUGGI :AfG) |phoorYna rotHnQ nfnCGnh kInpMGnh kseoCG rooseoCG ppng spEG} :d Lh Y92.( dG bGh jdG d idG FdG :dK / OG jdG dG eSEG hG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 69 69. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 70 70. ddG dG eSEG hGh eSEG YG :GOG WdG :hCG gHh e :fK eSEG YG J :dK eSEG YG AGOCG d edG jG :HGQ eSEG YG AGOC dG dG :eN eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS eSEG YG H UGdGh hdG e :HS islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 71 71. islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 72 72. 73 WdG :hCG OeQGYeGLCH bbJUhDhSCGcQJdGEG U Y Y dP O bh ,ooGh G e T ahU Lh Y aUh ,AGQBG dG GU AfCG H VG EG eCG Uh M QeCG jJh dG je J nrsdGnh nrunoj nnprdG nOohGnO nne nfrsnSnh krpYnh kroM nrnJBG kqocnh nnrnoS ngnrsnna} :Y :AfG) |nppYna socnh79( dG LQdG VGh SGh dG Y IQdGh dG je Sh aGdG S Y Ff J dGh dG Lh Y dG YOhCG dG GG iMEG oOohGnO nnnbnh psdG prPpEpH rogoennna}:fS `db dP QU eh WdGh G H dG pnnnndm rnpHron rnHnSsdGpsdGoranOrndnhoAnnjspeonsnYnhnnrprdGnhnrordGosdGonJBGnhnodnL :IdG) |npndnrdG nnY mr na hoP nsdG spndnh oVrQnCG251( dOe NdG M G e jQhV ee dGh G fa .dG aGdG a dh UN J Gh dG e KQh G LM dh TG a dCe cCG cCd LG EGh ,dG Gg H M HSGh SG hCG ,J dG EG IYdG edG eSEG YG H jdG a eCG ShCG ah dG hGH j CG e Ggh jJ bCG Y aN dPh SGh dH dH a a b dG -J O J e cQG FdG e SQ b :b M Y dG VQ HK H jR jM Y MCG eEG e OQh c soQnh,mpnaprnZmrpappenMsona,nsnnandnenpnSkCGnreGdGnpMnQ{:ShYdGUdG .zorpe onranCG nog rne ndEG prpa ppenM gdGGgdcShYdGUdGSQIahHMedjh QTGbJhaNShdhOdGOCGedPhdGhNGMeY aGGhaSdGLGOaGYeCGbjMQe jh IMGh jDhQ Y eCG dG YdG LH b gdGh dG EG H WdG :hCG / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 73 73. fJ dG eSEG YG iDhQ AL a Yh ,LY dHh V bO SQGech,dGMCGAShVheCGVGeCGJhOJahIOeMGgX YJfcEGhdCeghGYdGhhHeCGhIYdGYLhUEG c AfG Y jCG J d Y Va dG jdG e QG YJh eCG IM J CH dG Y Zh ,jNBG OLG Y gOL Jh f Y YL EGhMhdGcEGIOdGIQhVYCGGMeoJaNGYYG IGSCGhdGWJdhShYdGUGHGdG IdG J ij e eh aGh H AdG ij e a ,dG dP eehdGcJhEGYcdGijeehGIMedGdGREGh CG hj e eh ,eCG bGh gKCJ eh gOLh QdG dhe IQhV ij .Ggh aGWCG e QeCG j dG id IOM eRCG eSEG cGh YG dCe H CG jh KCJh ,Hh MdG gj dG jGhR hCG dG jhGR J eSEG Me e j e Ggh dEG fG hCG H KCJ dG YdG OLH hCG jdG H Qb KCdG Y Mh edG Gg MGREh ,SGQOh H CG d g dG YVG dCe PJG g Qeh c dG Gg JYG e cCG CG EG fCG Ea G Y jd SSCG Qeh Sc d eN ieh eSEG hH YG bY GOLG J H edG c H gG K eh ,YG jQHhGhJhIaGGOLGYGhCGNBGYOLGJ .MGh OLG G GOLG YG fEG ?Gg H f YG CG Of CG eG g d H h dGdbYdaYhYGhdGgCGYJdGhjGeSEG YG Y jM eCG AY Y QJ dG G dP (n``pdG) jH .YGh dG gCG id jG eCG AY LEG Yh jdG Y afG dG :ddG FdG dG GH G eSEG cGh YG Of CG h 1-G GNEG YL 2--``dGh IYdG YL 74 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 74 74. 75 3-```````adG YG 4-```````dG YG 5-O```````````G YL 6-`````````jQhdG YG 7-```````````````jdG M 8-jdG IQdG T eSEG YG 9-``````````cJ HQCG jdG YL 10-````jYdG SDGh G OGaCG dG jYdG OG Y LdG MTEG j HdG YG AGOCG Y cdG EGh WJh dG dGh eSEG dG GH SdG SDG e fG dh IUG eSEG IYdG I jOeh je YO ahh IYdG OL e fMCG .IO GOLG e fG dGh G OH hCG G J dG Me Jh fS dG YCGh eSEG QdG SJh edG hJ CG Hh BGh Y AHh ,HQd bdG bG LG j e bdG e eSEG YG J H fEa Vd Jhh Je AKCG G eCG dG idG dG e gHh Hb d bJ CG eSEG YGh cG GOb Y eGd YG bY e iNCG IQHh hG GH JGREG bY ieh eSEG hG eCGGQNjYGJQhOGch?eCGeGdGMUEH Y gVa dG IjG jdGh OG fb iQdG H N dG GQdG HhMCGSdGGgh?YeGfbGeCGQGhOCGjheCG fe jDhQ J CG CSCG jdG dG dGh FdG dG d UG jDhdG g .`p``oeh b``oe `oeh eh WdG :hCG / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 75 75. gHh e :fK d U J dG G H cdGh bdG hMCS VGSG Gg h CG dP dh G Gg dGh GOG H Y dG FV Y j ce YG bYh eSEG hG e e edG dG jJ Y j eSEG cM hCG YL d GOLGh iDhdG Y dG H G GH eSEG GYJGEGgegVSCGSdGGCHdGe,IUe q````oj CG EG d h G H Gge bGh fc hCG jd W .M e G J :eSEG hG e Y NG hCG JG Y dG Hh (eSEG hG) e QYG jYdGh MUEG dG Qe Y G G qoj fEa dG gdG FH UEG J dGh aGWCG e jh MUEG dG hj dG dP eCG bGh Hh ,G eCG bGh Zh ObGh SdGh YLGh bNCGh dG EG f eCG bGh gQhO SQ YL c J dG OhG Yh iG Y dG IYdGejacbeeGdSCGYdG HhdGMUEGdG UEGCHjGEaGYdGhhHeCHebhJYO-J eCG Ea iNCG L eh gQhH G e YL c eb GPEG EG JCj d eCG bGh Yh eSEG jdG GOe c IYGe Y SCJ b eCH jdG YdG d Lh Y dG e LG jdG YdG IYdG NO EGh e fL jdG rpgpQnjpOrperorpekjpnanoLproJnhronorfnCGnoornJpAoDngrorfnCGsoK}:fSbMFGSEG rooLGnrNpEG rornnY lsnoe nognh roghoOnoJ inQnSoCG rocoJrCnj rpEGnh pGnhrordGnh prKpCrdpH rprnnY nhongnnJ pInnrdG pa lrpN sdpEG rorpe npdnP onrnj rne oAGnnL nna m rnpH nhoornJnh pnprdG p rnpH noperDonanCG :IdG) |nonrnJ snY mpanpH osdG nenh pGnnrdG unTnCG ndpEG nhtOnoj pnenprdG nrnjnh nrftdG85( G U Ea | H hJh dG H eDaCG} Lh Y `db gdGh SEG jO e fGL H M h IG fGL c UEG j CG EG JCj d H e j Lh Y dG Ea dG Gg d Gj CG g IYdG QhO Ea e d EG BGdG c FGSEG H oj fCG eh jd FG dG FGSEG Y CG `H :b jBG g M c HG J a dhCG a bh a G j 76 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 76 76. 77 GH nroJ `fCG fEGh G e b `FGSEG `H EG :`FGSEG `H b `a b `dG H .j`dG :edG dG eSEG GOLG Y edG eY Rh GHCG eEH d fCG G eh KCG b Gg fY bh dG idG GG Ea ah GQHOEGh bEG IUG SEG GG J gCG eh IYdGh UEG GQJ c GTeh Gc GKCJ T e a QdG eh eeEG h Le H G AHh eSEG aG J KCG NCG Hh ,dGh SdGh dG Y dG ge Va eh Zh JGOL j h gY QN G j UEG e GGh eGdG pa GhopgnLnh} :MUE Ghj CG Y dG LhCG dG IG Qe Y M KCJ oocsnSnognpgGnrHpEGropHnCGnspemnnMrpepjudGparornnYnnnLnenhrocnnrLGnogppOnpLsnMpsdG GopbnCna pSsdG nnY nAGnnoT GofonJnh rornnY kGpnT ooSsdG nonpd Gnng panh ornb rpe npprordG :G) |opsdG nrpfnh ndrnrdG nrpna rocrne nog psdpH GopnrYGnh nIncsdG GoJBGnh nIsdG78,( d a UTh feh feR G O H bGh Y eDG j CG IOda edG dG eY gh edG Gg KCG jCGQ bh JOT L a e eY IOT YGeeSdVJeEaTeHIUGjYdGGOLGY J eh G Y fG Gg KCGh IQN QYG Y SDe OLG c eSEG Y M f hO edG V Y TCG fEa IYdGh dH TGh SdG .IUG GOLG GOe H Ggh G :dG KCGh SDG e YLdSDGhCGSDGQhOQfEGGMCGeMCHfCGGeh dGh dG QhO dch YG J GQJ AH IUe eSEG cM hCG d YL c HQ Y dG H YL c a Cf dG SdGh YLG g e YL c ``sG Ea jOG FCGh Adc eSEG jQdG H CG YL c YOG e hCG G SDe Y hCG SDe OLG EG G .JH hCGh UCG g jDhQ gHh e :fK / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 77 77. :cCG G EG IYdG e gCG MCG G Y dGh hH eCG eY QYG qG eh G OLh e hCG e g G a iNCG LGdG c fG e PEG J dG GMCGJdVCGGPEGaIehbTegh,UGLhYeAdGh G jh a jdhCG j G J AGOCG e e ch ?IUG G J e OGYEG hCG d S Y cdG j e gh cG J Fb cCG hG H e J dG cCG G CH jQ H JG bh ,dG iG Y dh JdGeeEGZhCGYdGhSdGLGZgeCGbGhHJh Yh ,X EG G eCG S Y dG h H ,H EG jdG QeCG cCG .G bGh dG G Gd GS EG AL e gQhH YG b UCG Ea :Qd G N g dG Gg jO Jh JM G Y aCG e cCG CG `qG eh QeCGhdbCGcgeGgh,dPCGGIYCGGLMgeCHIdG G NGO AcdG jW Y hCG TG NdG Y dG dP c AGS G gOH QG e Y G Y NdG Gg Y eCG HCG e dh G EG JcL e gOLh GVah fdGh EG NOCG a dG MQ e EG Wb H d EG dP eh e ZCG h WGbdG h fdG j a HdG .OdGh AdG e dP H dH a :idGh dG Y GfhJh YEGjCGbGhMUEGEGeCGUhCGqGeh e hdG dP Y QGYG CG CGh ,a IKDG bGG ch FYh FHCG H Kh hJ HSCG fc e e j CG SEG EG IYdG d jG b :) |ronenMrQnCG GounoJnh pVrQnCrdG pa GhoproJ rnCG rorsdnnJ rpEG rornnY rnna} :JGQeh22( dG c Y GrsdnnJ M dG jCGQ c :db IOb Y j jBd WdG J h pMnQ Gg Y pMda .MsdG GonYh MQCG Gjh GG AedG Gj CG J |lInrNpEG noperDordG nsfpEG} :J `dH INEG dG gS b dG ,EGh SEG jO :GG)01IYdGbgdGGfCGTCGhTCGeEaYh(fG).( . dG H e Jfh 78 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 78 78. 79 :G -UEGjZCG-jdGJdXjCGjdGGCGqGeh JGOe e SSCG IOe J H dHh JGP SEG e EG j CG HdG G GO e CG Y j a edG jdG J NJh EG .OhG J iJ GPEG EG dGh dG :GOLG OLG j JiDhdGJEaMUEGgGDhHYLcYbecefCGqGeh j CG MC fC ,U gCG gBGQ EGh OLG de J CG H GOLG UGdGh gdG LQO hCG Ea Yh OLG QWEG ejh aGWCG e dG jdG c aGYG g YGh dG gCG QWEG h j jdG eSEG YG H e MCG gh CGQ Gg db :M HCG eEG b c Cd Hb GU gOLG CH .e GdH hCG a db e MCH fAL a Y fQb dGh OYG UCG e J dGh jdG j dG M G CH dG e Gg NO EGh HdG IYd J gh JG LGh YGh dG gCG LEG .eCG Y T dG dG c QWEG :NGh OdG S He GQU Gfj CG eSEG G dG fCG qG eh YJjh,dGhNGghGJdGSeSAdEGdPeeQEGh J eh Se GJ dG jdG Jh J CG G e FW c j fCG dP QRBdGh hdG e j Gg dh G UEG Z e gCG cCG .dG Lh IdGh IGGh :YGh dG gCG QWEG dG eSEG YG H UEGh IYdG ge NG e fCG qG eh id IG dG NG d Rj fEa YGh dG gCG e EG J YhUdGRahdGbdGedPhOaNGdhYGhdGgCG GOLG dG dG ge GSH e YL CG b jCG Rj a gHh e :fK / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 79 79. dG gCG QWEG e dG d YG J GNEG EG dP iOCG EGh ,jNBG .YGh :Gh SdH YdG AGOCG fG Y dGh hH eCG d bO HGV OM b jdG CG G eh ,dG J Y LdGh IQG SGh dG Ge Hh SdG H MhGJ G Hh e IO bGe Y G eSEG SQGG SG SGh Ie gh aCG j a Gh SdG Ie Y eSEG SQGG bGe Y dG dGh dG hCG QGSGh eCG jW S AGS SG Y CdGh FdG id dG e `d GhLh dGh fG dG YCG Zj a .b e G AY :G H GP Oa e dG jdG Y OQh a SEG UCG e Y UCG G H GP U CG G eh AGO dEG qoO{ :Sh Y dG U dG SQ b :b Y dG VQ GdG H HdG f dGh ,dG dM jdG dM dG g ,A dGh G b CG dGGaCG?HaGPEGAHfCGaCG,GqHMGeDJH MCG eEG e.zH.1424 AG OG Y T MU jh13U216M jG h :`dH dP Y dGHYdSUEGC,aOaEGLGhdGGPUEGZJh aQh MUEG WJ e jdG K dG GP Oah ,G H dG Yh fG.f jH G FdG FdG dj e a LQO f gOa eSEG GOLG UCG IYdG H GP U g j CG j UEG hCGh .Gc H GP Oa jdH VCG jdGh IUG EGdfCGVGGdGGJ HhCGcYJGeCGGPEa .cCG H UdG H 80 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 80 80. 81 eSEG YG J :dK dG gh ,Gfc jCG dG IM J fc S jdG YG J EG eh ,QdG EG dH aJ IO ee ah SdG jW J EG IOG QX eh ,eRCG J EG dG NG K eCG CG IM eRCG OLh eG J Ca IOdG dhCG M a SdG b J IO GbCG dj jh IOb IOQUIOSGeCGYYGJMjQdGShHPLeh,YG d J dG eCG be eh ,TG bGdG QdG J AMEG dhh jQdG e dG W eh ,CG H aGdG S Y beh eCG J dMh G YG dG d Ic LQH ISCG J YL CG Ea G YG a dJ dG .YG J S Qd eG e dP Z EG ,Jeh Yh eG d T H N b IUG eSEG YG J EGh gCG e dh ,M Y YL c J gS IO iDhQ Z if CG a dG dG K ,SDe iDhQh W g YG J U gS dG SCG .gQJh YG J J M jJeGJKCJMeHSVYeYbOeCGfdh YdUCGVQCGTSSCGSQGeHQCGYbfCGfEaYG :g YG Jh G IUG eSEG G GNEG YL IYdGh -dG YL dG YG adG YG c Y bh dG OLG OhMh SDe SQGG J AGOCG O a dCGcKCJbdGMeEGia,eCGhXhHQhHKCJdGh,SDe ,GeCGjQJhjQJHUaGMTdGheSEGaGSYEG LegLLhGeCGIMGdGGgYOLGHbfEaYh Yh ebEGh eeEG gh cCG hH jh Qj CG j dG cCG d eSEG YG J :dK / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 81 81. G dP S h ,eSEG aG IOY IQhV hG S L a Ige CG c ,GOLh Yh Nh IY G G AH IOYEG IQh H b dG GdGdPJheSEGeCGVJfcdGGdGddGeEG Qj dP c L gZh HJh YEGh SS e AGYCG eSG dG GhOCGh ,GdG XJh IUG dSCG GSG Y jh AdG IOYE edG jDhdG e fc dG eEG jDhQ J eg GQhO T H jG dG d bh dGgJGMJMSYfdGidGQHheeCdjQJ e be Hh a aG SEGh cJ H dGh dG Gd ddG MdG G QdHh a IYdGh G Ich M Y dWEGh dG dG e HhgRCGecjQdGdGGhOCGYahGdSdGh .gGh eG HdGh IdG d MUEG GDhQ JGh dG eEG OLG J g eh H ,Zh SDGh eYEGh SdG dG iDhdG J dh YGdG G OGYEGh .SG Y Ohd eCG Y jW Z dG OG XJh fCGGLhdGdGJGcGKCJ-dGYLICfdGKCGc eSEG eCG HQ a e fjH CG H Jc Y bh e a a CG Hh ,dGh cdGh dG g bGe K Y JHh jdG IQdG T XJh H ,a ehe jCG AfEGh jdG IQdG OSG a jdG QSG QJhShdGdGQHh.SGhdGjdGdGeOdG VchdGcfGOHh,GcGHNdGdGWdGdG a Gc Y QJ dG GhdG U e cM jC G Gah G jdGh d G fGNEG IH eCG fGa e UN G b a SJ dGadGSQGGSdcc,dGeecdGdGjH dG g X a ,SQG g eBG J dG gKCG dG J G H Y IcDe eSEG dG H gQaCG f CGHh YJh -dG YL dh OLh SSh ah Y e jdG AGLCG H Y dG VZ hdGh dG HJ UEGh IYdG Y j S QeCG d VdG CH J fC LGh ObGh .dJ QN AT C VdG H YJCG edCGh edG KBa 82 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 82 82. 83 MCG GbCH Gc KCJ a dG IjL T f dGh dG SQG eCGh eGIYSfGYGQdGhgdGYHeEGghSDegCG Y cDj a FUh SEG hQ Y SdG OHGh aGGh dG QfGh dSdG MCG J CG gdGY H eEG IYO gCG AdG dP EG IOdG IQhV GNEG IYc gH AL dG GYdG Y gKCH IUG eSEG dG e SQG g Jh H AL eh SDG e H eCG hJ dh ,G JJXCfdGhHdGIjGTUGSdGVdHINCGMGe cGjOdGdhdGPJGhgMhHdGIjGdhcdGhDdEG ddcaHdGIjGTYJShgcCdjOcSQGd dGh G iDhd SQG g HJ M e SQG g J Y dG KCG c cCdG Y gDhGOCG bJ a Yh SQG g SQ GO S gQhH Vh ,iNCG SQGG e ec Le IYdG Mh dG ISCG U H IOhG YLGh SdG dG QWEG SQG g Y IQOdG ihdG fGh Y AGYCG Va eh G eCG jQdG GG QYG Y NCG hO eEG ge X gG dH SQG g Gd c c ,SS VhCG e SQG g GUG KCG Y QbGh dG MQ dG gCG eEG M H MCG e dJ bh ,iNCG dG gGH eGdGh dG e iNCG bGe G Y SQGehCGSQGOLGeJGOLG HWJiNCGSQGeSQGg dG jf jdG dG Y MdG Y dG gOb dG dG dG jOdGjQhdGYGLNhdGQfCGSQeeh G eO dGh (jHdG jR QhS H dG SDe EG f) fdG ebEG GSG G GNEd cGh dG AGOCH IdG dG EG f fG dH Y e QWEG idG dG SQG Hh ,G dhdG .IQG jH eSEG eG gQJh jG JCf eCd jdG Gh VQCG jW jQdh T a adG YG eCGh J T CG G H gQGSG Y e -Hh eSEG dbCG ZCG h G dG dG hdG V GdG SQGG J Obh gG LG SQGG GdGeSGdGjGdSCGdhSBGTLhSBGhjaEG c a eCG jf G OH NEG e e IdG GSGh AgdGh eSEG YG J :dK / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 83 83. j G CGHh eSEG dG adG ShCG IgGh YGdG ShDhdG dG VhCG jCd e adG VQCG e Ja G SdG VhCG J GSG GhOLCa dG G d e GVQ jdG SdG AL K gH KGJ jO fd adG SQGG UCa HbQ e h d YGN VQCG dP eh G OH Md SGe e jh G G MS j iGYGOHMMUEGQGhOCGjCGadGSQGGJbdG dG jH QGhOCG H e J e EG OGh SdG iG Y h dG SBG UG OG e bGe adG SQGG H gS eY jdG .dGh SdGh SdG dP eh e e cCG NCj CG eSEG Yd dG Ea Y AHh hCGjOLGMdGeUEGgcJhjYeahYGJJ :dG J J CG eEGh UEG edG jDhdG Y cJ YL J CG eEG a .SdGh OLG M UEG GOe e cCG hCG IMGH YG YdG SQc :Y G dG gG Ne EG f J c J dG jdG SQGG hCG dG YG gh YdG dG H J dG SQGGhCGjdGMhGNEGYLghSdGhdGGdGdH .adG YGh -dG Yc gdGh MhdG dH J dG jdG HjEGgQGhOCGQGgEGjeSEGYGEGdGHdGdGEGh c HdG dG dh eSEG dG cJ dG dG QKBGh dG EG IYdG .SQGG J J dGh SDGh ICdG W QKBG d 84 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 84 84. 85 eSEG YG AGOCG d edG jG :HGQ eSEG eCG bGh eSEG YG KMCG dG dGh dG dG EG Sh Sb dh d gGR j H QGSGh dGh dG e d bdG X UN dG eCH d G eCG OhMh dG dP YCG .Lh Y dG EG IYdG YG J id IG gd gdG bh eSEG YG cJ dG KCdG Sb gCG e Fe Aj bh ?MG g e GbG AGL AdG IQKEG dP e j hCG K Gg J Mh eCG CG fh Ad e e jdG YCG J CH GGh J dG VQCG W j dG dH b GPEG UN Je idG GdG GbG K eh LGJ dG jdG W j dch Gg bh eCG Y OYG g dG bO Y j h ,jdGh UEG e e TGh bdG .dG e c QJ EG iOCG dG QG c dGh Sd dG dSCG Y EGeSEGYGAGOCGJVeYbCGCGddGGdHbCGh KMCG dG dG Y a YJ CG dG jG H EG TCG CG jQCG gG N f CG hOh G Qb M GMCG f CG hO eSEG YG osdGnnnnakInpMGnhkseoCGoSsdGnnc}:LhYdbcfCGgHQjh,jgXVQG nenh ppa GonnrNG npa pSsdG nrnH nornpd unrdpH nnprdG oonne nnrfnCGnh njpQproenh njpunoe nupsdG npd GoneBG njpsdG osdG innna ronrnH krnH onunrdG oorJnAnL ne prnH rpe ooJhoCG njpsdG sdpEG ppa nnnrNG :IdG) |mpnroe mGnpU ndpEG oAnnj rne prnj osdGnh ppfrPpEpH unrdG npe ppa GonnrNG213a ( GPEGhGYdGhAGgdJhNGSjGJCGGj aNG dG hdG MCG EGh ,J CG TJ eGbCG Ea ig dG e d j JNCG UCGh gOhM GRhj CG H Y H j CG g AGgG d Jh ppH GrhnnrTG nnrpH} :Lh Y `db J WdG OQhCG e dP dOh Gg GH Ea GhoAnna ppOnpY rpe oAnnj rne nnY ppr na rpe osdG nunoj rnCG krnH osdG nnrfnCG npH Ghoornj rnCG ronorfnCG :IdG) |lpoe lGnnY njppanrpdnh mn nZ nnY mn npH90db ;kGM e (krnH) :b ( .GhRhdGdZEaGaeHMeIYdGeCa(fG).iqtdGhIOb eSEG YG AGOCG d edG jG :HGQ / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 85 85. SGh FGhO MGfG b fEa IUG eSEG IYdG Y Me eCJ dh OhMahheSEGjdGJOMdGedGWCGahHdG FGhdG gh ,IUG G GYdG ge dN e Y dG GOLG :gh jOe KK J YdG GG :hCG GG SdG GG :dG GG OG GG :ddG GG Te AGOCG fCH Uj CG dGh YdG GH hCG IFGdG O a dG BGdG KG jHdG gG N e YGh OdG UEG SG .G QdG d YG dG ahh IG dGh :ddG AGOCG EG YdG GG jJ h dGh YdG AGOCG EGh HdG AGOCG bNCGh YLG AGOCG jdGhSdGGeNJdGGGgJafdGIFGdGeCGh SdG dG Ge eCHh ,G G ge Sjh edG eCG VhCG :ddG AGOCG EG jJ eYEGh dG AGOCG (eCG SdGh G hDT) NGdG SdG AGOCG (CG e gH eCG bY hDT) LQG SdG AGOCG Y Q NJ d SdG dG Ge Rh a ddG IFGdG eCGh Y dG VQ L H Pe jM e OQh c eCG S IhQP g dGh OG GG GhQ zdG S Oa eS IhQP eCGh{ :`d Sh Y dG U dG SQ H :ddG AGOCG EG jJ OG GG eCHh .MCG (dG geh aG Ig) NGdG OG AGOCG (e QdG OL) LQG OG AGOCGh 86 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 86 86. 87 e Ge c Ea eSEG YG AGOCGh G jYdG SQG EG dHh IUGeSEGIYdcQeYGREGabKdGjOGJ GREGMeEGUdhShHjEGeSEGAGOCGjejdgQSG KdGjOGJLGacdGHdGddGjOGeGec IG J je EG IQcG JjH)1( Sd jG J GSG H H aj dP d bOh Y H eSEG cGh YG GREG YGZCGYLQOdGfGJhOHCGVJheSEGAGOCG :j e IG g e dG j CG Y eSEG 1-.G cG Y OLG ge d Y jDhQ OYG 2-.eCG bGh Y G GOLG d dG SfG ie j 3-. H EG H LMh YG GREG edGh NGdG ie jDhQ :hCG GG :ddG AGOCG je ah YdG GG AGOCG je :dGh YdG AGOCG je/CG 1-.dG HQh IdG J dhG OG ie 2-.dG N e YdG dG eN ie 3-.G FSdH edG IYdG N e YdG dG eN ie 4-.FOeh SEH jd dhG OG ie 5-.dG Y Od dhG OG ie 6-.gGh ec YdG d eOG SDG OjEG ie 7-.dG dG EG eSEG dG LJ dhG OG ie 8-.Zh Obc .OLG jJh iNCG dG SC dhG OG ie 9-.d dG hdG Uh J dhG OG ie :EGh HdG AGOCG je / 1-dG FSdG N eh G dG LCG OGYEGh HJ dhG OG ie .IUGh 2-.IYOh J dG AMEG dhG OG ie eSEG YG AGOCG d edG jG :HGQ / eSEG hGh eSEG YG )1.VdG Gg Y g aCG H gjJ jh jG g J CG ( islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 87 87. 3-.fEG Jh eCG LCG HJ fdG jBG XJ ie 4-.eSEG HdG dd jJh jG dG H jdG ie :bNCGh YLG AGOCG je / 1-.ffbh HJh bNCG jMh G ISCH jdG ie 2-.JMh G ICGH jdG ie 3-.jHJh jYO XJh G dSH jdG ie 4-.Yh M dG BGdH jdG ie :dG GG :ddG AGOCG je ah SdG GG AGOCG je :eYEGh dG AGOCG je /CG 1-.IUG eYEG GhOCG QSG ie 2-.SEd OG dG UCG dhe dhG OG ie 3- dGh dG Y GOYG jOG ac dG jdG dhG OG ie .(gZh ,b S,GjS,GjO ,GfdG) IYdG 4-eCG bGh GG H jYdG GOLG jJ dhG OG ie .dM e CGh G (eCG SdGh G hDT) :NGdG SdG AGOCG je / 1-Gh jG ,dG ,jdG J) e e hG SdG dG ie .(dG.fGdG SCG ,edG 2-.jJh V e dG EG IYdG S dG ie 3-SG Yh SdG fCG Y SG Y aG dG ie .XdGh 4-.SdG SQG G Y dGh hH eCG dG ie 5-.gZh fdc G bGG eSEG dG ie 6-.G G GdGh dG SCG f dG ie 7-.G bGh J Q OjEG dG ie 8-.G G dG dGh fGdG SCG dG ie 88 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 88 88. 89 (CG e gH eCG bY hDT) LQG SdG AGOCG je / 1-.idG eCG j b eSEG Q G ie 2-.SdG SQG OLG jJ cQG ie 3-.G Z dG e Aj d eSEG G jJ cQG ie 4-.dG OH G jdGh IYdG dG 5-.eSEG dG UJh jdGh SdG dG SDG GNG ie 6-dGh Ydc eCd SdGh dG hdG LGe dhG OG ie .dGh GdG :ddG GG :ddG AGOCG je ah OG GG AGOCG je (dG geh aG Ig) :NGdG OG AGOCG je /CG 1-.dGh IdGh dGh dG e dG S IYdG J ie 2-UdGjJhTGGdGNdGhOKCdGhIYdGHjdGie .AGYCG Y 3-.Mh G AeH jdG ie 4-.dG b Vhh eSEG hG OHCG W cQG ie (e QdG OL) :LQG OG AGOCG je / 1-cc OYGh OG IOe Y SSCG Gh OLG G AGMG ie .IG EG SEG IOd 2-.G e Y QdG GAGYG OQ ITG jOG cQG ie 3-G j bh jgd hG (Zh eYEGh SdG) G YdG ie .jOG 4-.jOG G j bh jgd hG Gh OG YdG ie 5- M eeCG dGh aG OjEGh jJh OG hDT IQGOEG gG ie .dG OQh e M YdG b EG Ve Oa bj bdG bdG dGh jd J CG dGh jG J AV Yh OdG N JGREG eeh GTDe jh G eSEG YG AGOCG Y HCG S e gh dGh fdGh dG N CG VG KdG eSEG YG AGOCG d edG jG :HGQ / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:48 PM Page 89 89. .ddG IOG eSEG YG AGOC dG dG :eN Ie aGQ dG dG bGh GREG VSCG S IOG g h HS dG j Te Z XJ N e dPh IUG eSEG YG :cdG fGL HcaahAHcjeSEGYGNGCH JG c eJCGNGCGdPO JNGJNGcaMQNG f UG dSCG GSHh G MS gOLG d YL fCGdHgOhLdLHGJheCGfcbheCGSQGAGOCG GJ a Geh Ge gOL Y YG J e YL c eb d gG dG QG HG dGY eEG eCG c ch ,dEG LH eCG MS .HdG gGdG dG VY H dG eEG a c a f YL c OLG LJ CG dP YL Y YL OL J fCH JGh dGYjJaJhgAGOCGJLIOFehCGdCe GW faCG Od jgG Gf c a iG H hODj CG h dG IG dG Oe Y dG KCG jdG dG e fdG iOCG a U dGh QhdG GH d iNCG eSEG SQGG eEH j eCG FS Y dG KCG OGYEGh IYdG EG eSEG cG H GfG .dGh G eCGhHYGHdgCGbgOLGfYLcGfGCH JGh Ie e O AGOCG f eCG de EGh dGh OLG e dG Gd LM EG GQhOh eCG fRGe GQhO ODJ H YG L e Ggh dG jdG Gg QhdG M RQH QhH IUG dG YG eb a H a HbQ .NBG Le C KCJh NG hO eCG AH UdG J dG LG IMe AGLCG LhCG b eCG ie Y eSEG YG QfG CH JGh G j a IO dG e LQO gh eSEG dGh OLG 90 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 90 90. 91 IYOhCGdGIYdGjedchdGJYOSCGh-dGYLdG EG eCG gDJ AGLCG gh YGh GYdG Hh OG hCG G GNEG .dG J GMEG Y YGh cG GOb J CG H iNCG f c UGdGh dG cQe f GMEG e YG H CH JGh cH eSEG YGh G GNEG H QJ dG bdG gCG e YG e GaGh GOY L dG gdG gCG e ch ,cJ adG Mh GMCG H faCG Y dG dG HEG cH eSEG11.S eG LCG e cQe H LhCG b eSEG YG AGOCG CH JGh eCG Y YdG G aj CG Lj e gh IdG QdGh edG SDGh dG S OGh G Y dGh hH eCG IYdG ADg H S j CG e gh ,UG eCG jQJ idG eRCd dGh GdCG J eh dG J eg jJ NOEG H eSEG IG .G e dP Zh GOdG id dG M Jh YL d bdG QdG Y c j Oj YeG GJ eSEG YG CH JGh h dH d a jNBG M iJ CG jJ bCG Y hCG MdGh hdGh dG H j GPEG ddGh dGh jdG H NBG ij a gATCG J .dGh e gMd eCG eh bGh YH OJ CG YL C fCH JGh dBGdGdGiehgGbGdGdPdOhYGJGQbhfeEGH f GMEG e PfEG L a ,be gh eSEG YG QeCG dEG IOH G GNEG h a YdG S H FGG eCG bGh IaGh .UGHGYGdh,dPeGJdGMQdG hO Ic MCG H gQGhOCG WJh VQJ b YG cCG CH JGh bCG Y H edGh dG EG dG hCG H H GYG e ie fOCG be e cCG dGh G GNEG H bh e VQdG dP eCG eh jJ YCfdGQ dGeh,gZhjdGdGhSdGdGja OH hN Y Cf dG UdG QSGh GdG A YG ZCG S N dP f e a ,jG YdG QdG e RbdGh SdG SBG G YShdGYdGQfccQGQdG HUCGdGQgdG1996 ShdGQSGYfdGhOdGdShdGLGbhKeCGOH eSEG YG AGOC dG dG :eN / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 91 91. .adG SQGh dG SQG H fdG MdG Y eSEG VQd dGfGajGYQjCGNBdjaeLGdGCH JGh dP Y f eh e dGh YdG G fC G LGH dG b SQGfGccCGihdGfhQjjHGPEaAeOhAGTe h FGG QJ SQG g LCG H GPEa jQS GNEG QhO dG J MU dG HG Y dG H Ggh dG jGH edG H dG AGOCG NdH jdH dG dG YG eb c ,QdG .dG GJ dG GOLG H fc CG H Y d Ffh ec Le gOLG e J YL c CH JGh gdG je fOCG e e JGP jdG de gOLG Jh YG GMCG e dg e c Y H G d YL c YCG M dGh Yh ,SDe hCG SDe eh gOLG ah dPh eCG VhCGh dGUCGhSdGUCG(AdGjH)jOGUCGia GQhO iJ YG ZCG CG c ,U dGh cdG UCG j YdG .jDhQh gOLG He Z eCd f dGh jdG ah jYdG e Qb eSEG YG N T d dCe gh jNBG GOLG Y YL c OLG J dhh jNBG OLG GYdGGdGhOcJGPEGMegNdjafcEGh JeGJheCdGhbdG jGghNGaja eGSG G GSG GZEG eG jYdG a a ,FGdG aGQ OLG hNBG j CG eEa e S UCG dG IdG c Wb jG ADg CH dG e dH Gq`oj CG eEGh -g QdG fh - QdG Gg dGjdiNCGFehIdGdCeSGQVQCGYbGhGfcEGh EGh dCG g OLG Gg UCG j a ,gOLG GOe H d H HQ jYdG a eh jdG HQ e hH jNBG j S fEa V c Vh jQdG G AY e H dG Gg GOLG eh !YCG FCG dhCG dN a OLG Gg dN e Ea Yh O OLG OLG Gg dN a edG edG dG GOLG H AYOG jYdG a .eT d OLGh a GGh G a dEG OG eOdG J Y YG ZCG UM bh 92 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 92 92. 93 GADgYaBGaadjhCGejNBGYhFfQXEGh GPEG G H INGDG a jEG J e ah Gcj CG EG j a ?dM Gg c KJh dG g eSEG YG a dG GQdG gCG e CG JGh Sj jNBG Y dG Gg eGh YL c Y SEd UG dH .idG Jeh eSEG hG AGQh UGh UGdG jh fG uG NGdG dG e ee KQhCG b YL d G AGOCG W CH JG ZdGhhdcHjEGdIOQWHJJHdGh(AdGH) NGdG WGdG J dG fG b G dG J eh dGh jdG J eh ,adG Y OHGh FGO dG jDhQh AdG Y ah YL d ge Z Y dH fMCG dG j b dGh OG b G dG dGYQdGEGGEGIOdGeATcYOGjMG .fCe SGQO EG dG G dG e dP Zh ,SDd LQG NCGOJYGJ HLbYLdGAGOCGCH JGh hCG SdG G GQGdG J fc AGS jNBG SG hO eCG hDT .YdG hCG OG GQGbhjAGYCGLbIUGeSEGSQGdGAGOCGCH JGh Hh gZh e GNEG oV a H a dG Mj CG hO HV dG oVh hj hNBG Hh e jOG oVh Lj hNBG hNBGHhjOdGjQhdGoVhhjhNBGHhFGG .Ggh hj OGYEG Y eG eSEG dG ee J J e dZ YG CH JGh G H a J bh UG eSEG G dP f a YJCG We HhCGIdGTG HiaiNCGG HaVGh dG iJh gCG e Hjh OG AGOCd ic gO hj YdG dG fhjh eSEG AGOCG f ICGGh SG fGNEG Y j eG e fEaHdGOGYEGShYdGUdGSQeeCJdh,LhNhbT gYCGfEaeCGYWhcdGhIdHShYdGUgYCGch jYdGVQQGHoGjCGQMdGhCGdGIbhSH be d MJCG dGh JGSG M oa QH b jQdG Y eSEG YG AGOC dG dG :eN / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 93 93. .jb Qc Y be YGPEaaUEGOGaCGHJeSEGYGdZCH JGh Y a GQG IOjRh IOdG IOjRh dG IOjR e ADg n`oJ AdGh dG .Jh eCJ hO idG bGG EG QGH Oj gMh WdH JQGOEG eSEG cG V SQe dG eCGh SdG dG IT CH JGh ShCG Ic S Ff EG OCG b G dG e dG Y N dG S eh edG ZQ H e H DhJ eh eSEG cG a G Y QeCG NG M eSEG QG Y jdG jdG e iQJ eY cJ bc SEG e Hb ieh bGG M Gj GhOj bG Gch ZhOQCG IOH QJJCG Oe YO eSEG cG IOb e H G H e if ch OdG dG b IOdG NG M GOdG IS M GOT QhU Y UG c Uj jdG eSEG cd Yh .eCG J cCG AGYCG J JH dG SdG dG e d Sh dPjCGHdhYNajdGYTh SGhHQGbEGeh H WNGh eSEG hG V EG eCG j a jdG JOM HG H .jQG e SCG Ybh g IUG eSEG YG I VCG e cCG CH JGh e J JH dGh aGG FfGh jQdG FfGh dG FfG fCGMYGJUGJhgJehSGhVYLhIYOcGOb Y dG U dG SQ Me dG dG M X dh dG e Gj YdGUdGSQb:bYdGVQYHMdGYjMeSh ,CGh dG M CG MCG a ,G M eY e keZ T{ :Sh jdG Gg X h G eCG If Y H dH a ,MCG GhQ.zfCG ?dG MCG Jh GQd IHY UCG eSEG YG ZCG CG ZQ fCH JGh Ohdh IUdG SdG Ohd ISCG bh d dG Y dG UY QdG e G eCG J dG QG AH e H J h edG dG f EG j IYO iJ CG dP eCG eh ,FGOCG eJh aCG bGh EG Y eJ dG hCG U d GdG dGh GNEc YdG G .Gh dG gDhfG EGh YdG gAfG d 94 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 94 94. 95 T TCH eGSG e eG e b eSEG YG J CH JGh AGYXJeheSEGYG bJYeGJda d YT YG YT e JGh GP HCGh Gg Ha d H .Ggh FQ f Y aNG eSEG YG AGOCG eJ j e TCG CH JGh :dG M QJ -M e bc SfG e j eh eCG SdG VdG J .G -.e G eJh dG SdG VdG J -H SdG VhCG e edG Y G SSCG G j dCe .FGYCG e hCG G -.H a edG SCGh eSEG YL c dG dG eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS d dG Y j c GREGh HjEG Y j gh e H dG Ggh SJdGGgGgCGgCGedhaNYLCGSQhiDhQJMYL QhO EG YL c LMh YL c Qhd G LM ie jh jDhdG IFGO gREG YL d CG gOe M KEGh eSEG MdG iNCG YG KEG EG dG j c IO jGhR hCG jhGR e eSEG hG eN gOJh OLGCHYGgXSEdedGcCGabhdGdGCN agg:AjFedhQdGhANCGeeYgdGdGh jMCGjGPEGfCHGGh?eSEGYGbGhOLGYYje .dP VGhh H G d Ea G H dG g Y eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 95 95. :G GNEd LG dG :G GNEG jQJ GREGh HjEG }:jdG e OLG CG Y Gj CG eSEG YG IObh jUG G AY Oc CGdG dGLh dG fe e IhQP -H b d Sh dG M eEG MW dG gCG Y J dG MQ a LCG a Ue NBG W CG j bGdG SGh GQe OMh SEG GO ae ee GOLG W M eCG jQJ jdG SSCG IG hDT c Yhe hJ bh LQe MGe ah Yh e CdGhCGYLGCdGhCGSdGCdGhCGYdGCdGcAGSSEGX .hDdG e Zh dG CdGhCG ObG :ddG GJH dG eEG OLG jdG e bh 1-CG Rh Yh OLG SSCG Jeh SEG cQCG Q SGh SG .e cQ 2-M e SGh A a hd YCG dG eSEG aH hG S j dSgdGeEGOLGGGHjegCGedhGhedG .aG f jL e YdGh SdG LG MJh 3-G eCG bGh idG Gd Teh bO Y Y OLG SCJ .eSEG jQdG GO Vh GY j HS L O dh 4-AH eh G OGYEG e OLG e GOeh e ZCG J dG ehabdGjOGcQGehGj HgGehSDG d IYdGh SdG VhCG H G G LGG a f .J dG MQ Y dG MdG e dP Z EG dGh fdG e 5- Gh OLG jYQh IYdG Ie Y GaM jdG AeCd IYdG jQJ .dG S dGh dG dP S }:QdGh dG OJ a ah aGL G GNEG YL QdGh dG OJ a jQJ e IUG MG ZCG dG IdG QdGh dG e cQe aVE G 96 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 96 96. 97 GNEG SQe a ,gG c aVEGh jdH gQhH S dGh eCG dGSQGGgXhgZhfGOdGSQGghdGSQGghjG G G bGh e edG cQG aVEG CG SQH J FGT eSEG IYd oH J f Gh CGOh H IYdG jh SdGjDhdGjJaVEGgh,SDGhGG JaCGh eCG NCG dG IcG SdG gG e edGh SdG SQGh e dGh gZh jO ebh Hh YTh fY e jdG dG GW bNCGh Y J Y Yh W EG IhL e eSEG dG G GhOCG MhGQMcCGQhdGgGJLGeGGNEGIYOhG .IHGh LGG Hh AgdGh G H YG g id dGh jdG SQG }:edGh aGdG OLG gG c d HdGh eG dG G GNEG OLG a dG c e edGh QGSd G GNEG IYO TQ hdG bCG h S dGh jeCG h HhQhCG G GNEd G OLdG a dG Y dGh dG YCG e GdG IQGOEG gh JQdG G dG jYQ JGSG VH dG gh dG UdG dG gh eSEG dG b aY dG fdG faCG OG Jh aO gh HdG IjG QGSG QSGh OdG .cdPZhbejGYdGQdGNOdGYdGdGghZh }:jOG SQG j dG dh Y OG YEG adGh ICGG SQG J gCG e ch eeJGeCGQhOYQGGAYEGhSGVQCGGOdG j dG eEa H eh b e MdG g GNEG AGOCG eJ bh .FGYCG dh Y IYdG e c Oj dH fCG j gh a f jgH MCGdGSCGQYhjNCGajeaGchHQJSG j Y a UG OG YEG gh adG Gg j e gCG e dh .Sj g Y UG eSEG hG Qj CG SM cM G GNEG NG Y dG H eSEG YGh eCG Y CG dG dG .iDhdGh GOLG eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 97 97. }:dGh jOLG aVEG a jOe IY dGh dG cQG dG aVEH dP bh QG dG gh a dG a d dGh hVdG Sj d G IcdG a c eb dG jObG dG gh dG MQ HS S eCd eb dG G SCJ dGh OdGHCG O QcdG MGh gGHEG Y Y QcdG MG e QcdG Ob dG dGh HdG ge jdG gh eSEG dG FV Y Ic jTh cc a cQT dGh dG SdG dG gh MdG SEG bW e jeCGh HhQhCG EG fJ EG FGG EG GOdG EG d EG jdG e .cd G j c dP Zh ,G GNEG UYh }:dGh YdG Y OG VGYG dG edG OdG Y dG VGYG Ie ICGL GNEG S a N e dPh HdG dG IG dGh YdG d f G H KdGYdGGeheehGdGYdGGeheebGe VGYG CG GNEG a SCG dGh fdG jGH jQS jQdG bG EGh ,OEG jJh eG fG M EG QeCG Uh EG eCG NGdG OG .N dG dG QdG N e bG Gg EG dG f }:dG HdGh IYdG dG UN IYdG eCG bd dG XdG N e dPh fGdCG H SEd OG dGh OdG J LGe XdG dP QSGh AdGh be EG QaCG J J CG a Vj c dG eG GNEG M M G .gZh HdG IjG h GOdG h fJ h e SEd M }:dG iG Y dG EG Ud SSCG JGSc dGh dG W G GNEG SG a G CGJ dG dGh JCJ dG UdG jdG hO eCG M WG h IYdG Q Y JGSG J YS bh YLGh SdG .dSG 98 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 98 98. 99 }:IYdG Y J cQe ee EG IYdG H G j G GNEG a GNEG c KCG dG MdG a dGh dG AGOCG N e dPh Y AdH eh eh eCG AY H Y UGd jdG eh IUG eSEG G eSEG dG ZCG Vh dG c GNEG IYO S a dG MdG .Y QGhOCH J dG jYdG SDG YJh dG iNCG bGe EG JRhh }:SG dP eh Y SGh FdG VhCG Rh e G GNEG a JJ a dG VhCGh G FdG VhCGh fdG SdG HG VhCG .Y S dG gdGh ZdG ZQ dSG Y aMh VhCG d IYdG }:YdG SDG AGOCG dP eh HG SDG AGOCG GKCJ dG cCG ASQEG G GNEG dGhJGSGdGheGiQdGhIQeEdhGdGhOdGdGdG HdSGdGhdGhHGhedGSdGQGbEGhMG .SDG AGOCG fGL e dP Z EG jQdGh dG AGOCGh :G GNEG J dG }:dG OG jdG IdG SCG G GNEG IYO bh jNCG jdG J a Y S dP KCG bh dG jYdG G Y J JH dG jdG Gh e Ea Yh ,dG dG AGOCG Y G H KCG c dG OLG AGOCG dEG j dG OLGh jdG S Y GNEG bGh V CG QdG Gg Ff Y dP fGh dG jdG eN IOdG cCG gR c a GJ dG jQdGh jdG LG UCG a Yh b c eSEG hG e J e j hdG H dG LG h eSEG hG QJ C cM dG h GdG h faCG j a IMe JGSEG jHh Y e .IMGh JGSEGh eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 99 99. }:dG VdG eSEG hG M fGh IYdG c SSCGh hCG LG g b c SdG VdG QYG W dG dG QfGh a cG dG e bdG Y AH eSEG hG QJ g OGfG e OGR h VG jdG GW fG f QeCG H QfG dSGeGgdeSEGhHdGdGcGdGGagbdG eSEG dG IQGOEG ZQh jeCG jQWGeEG QJ e UN HdG dG .ITe jH }:SDG OG GhOCG SG GNEG -dH M cG AGOCG Y YG AGOCG Z a e Ieh Ic IFGH Je dG QGdG UCa dH fCG Ghbh SDG AGOCG GG e hdG IQhVh cG AGOCG eh SJ GAGLEGh dG AGOCd HSG c J JGSG jDhd VN OdG QGdG UCGh edGjQGOEGYCdeOIOdGcCGUCGh,iGdGdG iQdG eGdEG GSG GSEG e f fCH dG g J c.GQGb .G iQdG e IOSG Vh }:dG AGOCG S c j CGh AdG EG dCG e d eSEG dG AT c j CG gh ed j M GOdG e IOh H AGOCG j CGh ce Ld OGaCG SCG dG dG AGOCG S e dP Z EG GG G Fbd h QYG SdGjhGHEGLGjhjOdGGQOGMajQdGjQWGeEGibCG .Mh YG hCG dG AGOCG fe Y }:JdG QfG UGh GNEG bGe cCG Y aGdG edG AhdGh edG QjEG SS Z QeCG J e cCG Gj H SdG g j jdG IOdG J Y jdG CG hO j IOdG ZCG iJh GMCGh bGG YH bY d J h jQGOEG g X h ,IYd FfG edG dG jh gGDhQ Y h GH Y GdCj .SG GQGdG PJG dHh GQOGh gG J j SdG 100 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:49 PM Page 100 100. 101 }:SQG fG h iNCG eSEG cG e edG dGh gdG N e dP jh dG ie Y dG H a GNEG SQe NGO e eCG dG QfG .eCG dGh jdG }:G OGYEG Y HJ YdG dG OGYEG eh Sj jG H gG Y GfG IGgehdHgCGfGdGWG HUNOGHdGOGYEGh .jeCGh HhQhCGh G hc :-dGh IYdG Y LG UG dG :-dGh IYdG YL jQJ GREGh HjEG KCd Me Gfc jdGh G e edG FGdH gG LJ dG Y Hh AH e a Gbh gPfEG Y dGh ,G Oah dG jO .jdG eYHOGGIMYGeMdGSGdG .SEd Gh OdG G GO bdG GdG EG dG dG dGbGdGhGeAdGUCIYdHVdGdG .AdG dP e dfGh eh d Mh Gc cdGh YdG Ge jh YdG dG dG SdG GKCdc Y SG hO h GG Gd J CG iNCG GKCdG .gZh eSEGINCGfGhiNCGGAfGGQTEGcSh-dGSQeY .AfG Y Mh TDc :-dGh IYdG YL J dG gG e Z jDhQ Y IQdG Yh Yd OLG G jdG fG eCGVGeCeThFfMfCGYYGOLGJhjGHCGdh .dG jdG e FL Y QbGh G Gg VGh QGdG H Meh ehG GY a ehG ee c fh YG H G eCG gL eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:54 PM Page 101 101. -dGYLgLdGjOjHjHfZjWYdG .T HQ Aj CG EG OG hCG dG H eCd hCG e efH CH hGh OG e e fe Z Vhh YdG G j IjL SQh jL i G jg i GSG M dG S Z dG jBG Vh EG fMCG eCG j H .G UCH d bY osdG npnc rpndnh kIsoY ond GhtnYnCnd nhoordG GhoOGnQnCG rndnh}:J dH j Cc fe :HdG)|njppYnrdG nne GhoorbG npbnh ronsnna ronKnprfG46YGVe( .hG NG a GOdG e a Qh e dG LQdG EG YG fG Y aGEGaVEGeLjhGddejOdGUdG .dG :adG Yd LG UG dG :adG YG jQJ GREGh HjEG .GcOGdGLjeghdGcJhSEGeMhdGfdgRGHEG dG AGOCd Mh dG eCG gL e Ic Me Y eb jaEGh SdG SBGh SBG T L G g c G gG ShCG .gZh HhQhCGiQdGCGHUNeSEGIYdGjUGaG HGHEG .HG jeCGh e M c eSEG dG e bGe H OG e e Hh .dGh LWh SdG :adG YG J dG bdGh gG AGOCG KhQ edG dG Y adG YG cCG QGUEG .jdG Y LhN QYGh dG dP LG G CG e h W feEG e j SGh YLh Ic W Y RdGh dG .MGh c Y dG J G CGh SS dP QYH G j d ggh cJ SEGQeYdYhadGgLEGiOCGWGGg 102 aGSG jDhQ - eSEG hG ee islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03 4:54 PM Page 102 102. 103 .IUG FGG dc jdG gL Y J dG dGh gH GdG dG MCGh iDhdH dGh WGdG dGh H dGh jd a -dG jdGh .bhdGh LGGh ZgehYGhdGgCGYegeHgYdGLGNGJ CG e IOQGdG dGh dG L e N GN gY dG j e .YdG G jQJ e hCG VQCG .G Y dG jd jO gc SdG dG b e eGSG :dG Yd LG UG dG :dG YG jQJ GREGh HjEG eCG AHCG e c bh e QeCG dEG dBG e AS EG eCG f d dG jJh jPGh Id AdGh QhdGh QdG dGh dG ge .gZh aGG EG IYdGh INCG hdG eCG OS dG gG dG IM e dG .fGh aVEG Y e dGh eCG g S Y c dG UCG e Gbd IjG LCG IYOh YdG dGh dG c f gG .HSGh dG Uf EG IOd IYdGh dG dGh dG gG IgX e G .hCG hdG a N e d bdG dGh dGh :dG YG J dG dGh IdG Fe VG hd edG QG AMEG IjdG dG LGj dG bGdG jdG Y QG H fGh Gc GQKfG KfG .G IUG iNCG gG c e JH hCG UG dG dG QYG dG a dG fG U GPEa OLG g H JGP jdG de G Gg jJh .iNCG fGG c j fCG j bGhidGGGcYdGh eGMCGYIUGeCGGMCGSb IdG h G bGh e dP Y JJ eh aG c eCG eSEG YG AGOC UG dG :SOS / eSEG hGh eSEG YG islamicProj(C).Quark3 12/28/03