أثر التعلم النشط فى تنمية التفكير الابتكارى

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2. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 3. : ) : (PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 4. . )( )( )( " " ) ( . ) ( T-Test ) ( ANCOVA ). ( Non Paramitic.S . : ), ( . ), ( . . : . : . .PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 5. Study Abstract active learning has an impact on developing the innovative thinking and learning science for third-grade the students in Mecca public pre paraton Schools .The Study aims at determine the impact of active learning in the development of innovative thinking and academic achievement in science for third-grade students in prepar tory school compared with the traditional method .To achieve the goal of the study the researcher used the semi-experimental approach, she applied the study of asample of () students divided in to two groups during The Second term of the years ( H) The First one is the experimental group for med () students, the other one is the control group for med ( ) students .The researcher has to use active learning in a "work and energy" unit for the experimental group, As for the control group , it has studied through traditional method , Then, the two groups have Subjected to an academic achieve-ment test prepared by the researcher . The test has been applied after being codified , proved to be proper,steady and testing test Torrance creative thinking to ( category B) where it was applied befor and after the academic achievement .To make sure of the validity of the study hypothisis, the data has been statiscally treated by using the (Te-Test) and the accompanying variance analysis (Ancova) as well as the use of (Non Paramitic.S.) Stat istics according to the terms of use. There are significant statistical differences at the level (, ) between the average degree of the experimental group and control group in the sub seguent application for application the innovative thinking measurement regar ding the ability of fluency, flexibility, originality, and the details, as well as the ability of fluency, flexibility, originality, and the details, overall ability for innovative thinking, in favor for the experimental group after controlling the prior achievement. There is connective relation between the innovative thinking and academic achievement of science subject for the third grade students in preparatory Schools, Sample .The overall result of the study have shown the following : There is a positive impact of the using active learning in development the innovative thinking and academic achievement in " Emerge and Work " unit in sciences subject for the subject for the There grade students . In the light of the results the study researcher has recommended the following : The need to use active learning and the concern for development the innovative thinking in teaching science in preparatory schools . The researcher suggests that further studies on the impact of active learning in various aspects of learning have to be done.PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 6. .. .. .. . . . . . ... ... .... 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( ). Active Learning and the at Risk students: Cultivating Positive Attitudes towards science and Learning. ED. - Bargainnier, S. S.( ). A comparison in pedagogy of preventive health measures. Diss. Abs.Int () , -A . - Bonwell, C.C., & Eison, J. A.(). Active learning: Creating excitement in the Classroom. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report No.. George Washington University . - Bostock, SJ().Constructivism in mass Higher Education : a case study . Keele University, UK. ( www. Keele . Ac . UK depts. staffHomes Stephenldocs sin pa .Htm). - Breslow, L. ( ). New Research points to the Importance of using Active Learning in the classroom. Teach Talk Articles In the Faculty New Letter VXIII. N. -Buffalo Newsletter Teaching . (March . What is Active Learning . VoIII,No..March. - Buffalo Newsletter Teaching. ( March ). " What is Active Learning . Vol. VI II, No,. M Arch. . - Chickering, AW and Gamson, ZF.March ( ). " Seven Principles for Good Practice" AAHE Bulletin : - ED . PP, MF-OL:PC-o. - Chilcoat ,G . W . () : Instructional Behaviors for Clearer Presentations in the Classroom . Instructional Science , , - - Christianson, R., & Fisher,y . ( ).Comaprison of Student Learning about diffusion and osmosis in Contructivist and traditional classrooms .International Journal of science Education .V. N .pp. .PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 176. - Dufresne, R.,Gerace, W,Leonard, W.Mestre,J,&Wenk, L.():"Classtalk: Aclassroom Communication Systm for Active Learning ", Journal of computing Higher Education, v, - - Fox-Cardamone, L.,& Rue, S. ( ). Students Responses to Active Learning Strategies. An Examination to small-Group and Whole- CLASSdiscuss Discussion. Research for Education Reform .V.N.PP.- . - Fox, L., ():"The of Graphing Calculator Used in an Active Learning Environment on Intermediate Algebra Students Achivement and Attitude" . AAT - Feldhusen, J . And Treffinger,: D. Teaching Creative Thining AndProblem Solving, an ed, United States of America Claimed -( ) : Until, Kendal / Hunt Pre . - Fresman , R.D. (). Improving Higher Order Thinking of Middle School by Teaching Skills Directly. Hand Book of creativity , Nove University press. - Grazino, R. ( ):"the Virtual Enterprise Simulation: Students Perceptions of an Experiential, Active Learning Strategy for Business and Career Education " .AAT. - Guilford, J. p . ( ) . The Nature of Human Intelligence. New york: Mc Graw Hill, U.S.A . - Goodman, J. ( ). Construsting a Practical philosophy of teaching : A study of pre service teachers, Professional perspectives .Teaching and teacher Education . V. PP. . - Gunter , et al.,( ) Strategies for Reading to LEARN, Think - Pair Share in Instruction: A Models Approach , edition, Boston, Allyn & Bacon, . - Shafagh ,( ).The Importance of Engaging in Active Learning available at:http//incate,org . - Gordan , R . (). Instructional Design & Creativity . Educational technology .New York : Oxford University . - Garman, N., & Piantanida, M. (). Introduction to Active Learning a module for edustion, Essay: school making in nation inPDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 177. transition: A Rationale for Active .Theoretical Explanation of workshop process .USA . - Hall, S. Watiz, I.Bordeur, D. Nas, R () . Adoptional of Active Learning in alectrure-Based Engineering Class. ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Conference. November -, Boston. MA. - Harasmin, L. et. Al ( ). Inspring Active Learning :A handbook for teachers. Washington D.C., ASD. -Harasim, L. et. Al ( ). Learning networks; A field guide to teaching and learning on line . Cambridge , M..A., Massachusetts;Institute of Technology . - Hufaker,D, & Calvert,S ( )The new science of learning : Active learnin , Meta Connition, and Transfer of Knowledge in learning aaplications. J,Eduacational Computing Research . V..N. p - P. - Johnson, A . ( ) : Up And Out " Using Creative And Critical Thinking Skills To Enhance Learning ", an ed, United States Of America, Allyn And Bacon . - Katz, L. () .What should young children be Learning .Child care information Exchang, , Nov. / Dec.-. - Kirk Wood, M. ( ). Infusing higher-ord thinking and Iearning to Iearn into content Instrucation: a case study of secondary: Computing studies in Scotlnd. Journal of Curriculum Studies. V.N.PP.-. - Kleiner, C.()" The Effects Of Synctics Training On Students Creativity And Achievement In ScienceDiss. Abs . Int , Vol. ,on,p. -Lappan, G., () . Active Learning to Teach for the I st. century, School Science and Mathematics, (), PP . - Mc keachie, W.( ).Active learning at:http:hydro.Sci.Fau. .Available Edu-rjordanactive learning.html . - McKinney ,k.( ). Active Learning . available at : ,p.http : //www.cat:istu.edu/teaching-tips/handsout/newactive.Shtml.PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 178. - Mckinny ,K., L. & Cartier ,J ., L., and Passmore ,C., M., ( ): Engaging Students Through Active Learning . Newsletter from the Center for the Advancement of Teaching .I I Iinois State University . - Mc Coonel,D., Steer, D.,&ownes,K. ( ). Assessment and Active Learning Strategies for Introductory Geology Courses.Journal of Geo Science Education. V .N. PP. . -Meyers,C.& Jones, T.B ( ) . Promoting Active Learning : Strategies for the College Classroom , San Francisco: Jossey- Bass. - National Research Conncil . ( ) . National Science Educational Standards-content .Washington National Academy Press . - Orvis, J. & Orvis , J. ( ). Throwing paper wads in the chemistry classroom: Relly Active student learning . Journal of college Science Teaching V.N.p. - Osborn, A.S. ( ). Your Creative Power .Motorola University Press, Illinois . . - Russel,I.Hendricon,w.,& Herbert,R.( ) .Effects of lecture information density on medical Student achievement . journal of medical Education .V.pp. . - Ricahrdson,D., & Birge, B. ( ). Teaching Physiology by Combined P assive ( Pedagogical ) and Active ( andragogical ) methods . Conference paper - Silberman,M. ( ) Active Learning : Strategies to teach any subject . Allyn Bacon, Boston . USA - Seeler, D.C,Turnwald, G.H. and Bull, K.S. ( ) .From teaching to learning ; PartIII Lectures and approaches to Active Learning . Journal of Veterinary Medical Education.VoI , - Stalhieim-Smath,A.(). Focusing on Active meaningful Learning idea . Center Kansas State University .ED. - Suchman,E.Timpson, W , IinchmK,Ahermae,S. & Smith,R, (): "Students Responses to Active Learning Strategies in a Iecture Introductory Micropiology Course".Biosense, v,N,PP,- - Sokoloff,D. & Thornton,R. ( ).Using Interactive Iecture Demonstrations to Create an Active Learning Environoment, physicsPDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 179. teacher abstractavailable at: file A: physics Teacher % Abstract , htmI. - Stanford University of Newsletter on Teaching ( ). Speaking of Teaching Active Learning : Getting Students to work and thinking : in the classroom, The Center for teaching and learning. V,N. -Torrance ,E. ( ) Rewarding Creative Behavior, Ist ed Englewood Cliffs, New Jersay , Prentice Hall, . -Torrance , ( ) .The Creative Person. In The Encyclopedia of Education : Macmillan Co. and the free press, Vol. (), No. ( ) . - Torrance ,E ( ) : Guiding Creative Taletn , Ist ed Englewood CIiffs, New Jersay , Prentice Hall . - Torrance ,E.,P.,( ) : " Norms-technical manual :Torrance tests of creative thinking . Lexington Ginn & Co -Torrance , E. & Jach P. ( ) .The Criteria of Success Used in Recent Experimental Studies of C creativity. C reative Child & Adult Quarterly, vol. ,pp.- . - Wilke,R,( ).The Effect of active Learning on student characteristics in a human Physiology Course for non majors. Advances physiology Education. V.pp. - . - Wineburg ,Sam ( ) : Historical Thinking and other Unnatural Acts, Phi Delta Kappan :V., N ,,PP. .PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 180. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 181. ( ) ) ( PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 182. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 183. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 184. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 185. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 186. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 187. 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