מבוא להנדסת חשמל ועיבוד אותות - אייק

- ( )

.

( )

1 -

- - -.

1. . -. ( ).

2. -: - -.a. - .b. - .c. 2 a -b.

1. -: - -.

a. - .b. - c. 2 a -b.

t, -. - , . ( '), .

, , .

" . " , - . , (Impedance) (Admittance) :

. .

. :

(Admittance) :

- Transfer Function LTI .

LTI ( ) ( ).

: LTI . - . :

1. - .2. LTI 1, ( ) . :

2 ( ) . -2: . :

- , . .

, , - .

, .

. A - .

-

-

. LTI

1. - :a. - b. - .2. -

3. () - .4.

1. .2. ,

3. - .4. . , KCL -KVL , ! :

, , 1. .2. .3. .

: a.

: RLC . . 0 . RLC ( 45 , ):

KVL. . .

RLC ( RLC ):

, . ! , , . . " (?). LTI -

(DC) -

- - .

(AC)

- ...

" . .

( ) .

LTI LTI

.

LTI

- : a -b a -b.

: a -b a -b.

: .

, a -b. , a -b , ( ) . . 2 ", . -3 -2 . !!!

/

: .

: .

1. - () ().2. , .3. :

(, , ') . . " , - "

-.

1. -

2. -

3. -

4. . , ( ) .

1. -

2. -, .3. -

4. ( 2 -3). . (LTI)

. " -t " . : . ( )! -ROC .

" . .

" -t " .

BIBO ( BIBO):

BIBO

, . : -- , " - . -- -B .

( ) -ROC -. () . LTI, , , : -s.: ! BIBO.

" . . . LTI LTI.

RLC - , ,

2 . ' :

: . : -

3db (). : ( - ). Q . . . -2 : .

.

() .

: -

.

-

-

RLC RLC

() -ROC .

. ( ) . " -2 . ( " ).

-RLC

"

-

-3 . -s. -ROC ( ). " - -ROC. " . :

,

,

, , ()

....

" -ZSR (- ) ZIR ( ) (" - ).

" (ZIR) " . : , - .

, , - " ().

, , :

, , - . - . ... :

1.

2.

: , .

():1. -

2.

3. -LPF ( , ) ( LPF), 2 : , .

: ( ), - . - , .

: ,

" ()

-. . .

"

LPF gain T ( ) ( ). " ,

ZoH ()

FoH ( ) - . . ():

. . () -T! ( ).

ZoH

T

" :

- ( - ) - 2 '...

Zero-Order Hold

-LPF " .

-

- (ZoH).

, -y -1. -

, - - -. .

, ( ). :

( -2 ) ?

(" )

( )

LPF ( -T)

( )

LPF ( ) ( -)

( ):

, -RMSRMS Root Mean Squared -:

RMS -AC DC ( ) RMS " DC". ( ).

(AC)

- . .

- squared - mean - root

-

-

-

-

(AC):

( )

. , , ( ) " .

- ParsevalParseval for FS (Fourier Series) -

Parseval for FT (Fourier Transform) - "

S

- .

" -

S Z , . , " , -RMS . : - S Z. Q P ,

Z - "

- "

0

0

0

, .

, . . , . -2 -RMS.

. : ,

-

-

ZSR!

.

1

1

2

sinc

1 -t=0. -

Butterworth

Group Delay

:

.

-Group Delay .

Small Signal Analysis Basic Circuit Theory.

. .

-Two Port :

" - .

' Q " :

-

' -Small Signal Incremental Resistance Matrix ' Q:

:

- ( ) .

' , " - -

-Small Signal -Two Port Q:

:

Open-Circuit Impedance, Short-Circuit Admittance, Hybrid and Transmission Matrices

Open-Circuit Impedance Short-Circuit AdmittanceHybrid 1Hybrid 2Transmission 1Transmission 2

" (Current Controlled) (Voltage Controlled)

() ()

() ()

" -1 -2 -1 -2 " ' 747 " ' 747

(" )

*' 737

: ' 738 ' 740

: ' 740 ' 745

**

LTI, (, ...) -. ZSR ( ) .* ( ) () ( T)

( ) : - -100% (" ).** : , , .

" () " " . - , ?Terminated Two-Port Two-Port ( ).

-Two-Port -2 (Terminated) " .

" 2 -Two Port, Q . Two-Port Impedance " -Two-Port -2 (Terminated) :

( ) ( ) ( ) .

. :

Driving Point Impedance -

Transfer Voltage Ratio

PNP Transistor 3 Base, Emitter, Collector. ' 724 .

. -3 3 : Common Base -Base

Common Emitter -Emitter

Common Collector -CollectorCommon Base Voltage Controlled Ebers-Moll:

:

4- ( Two-Port ). 2 - 2 " 2 -2 .

T

T. T.

' 744 .

. - , :

' 747, :

:

: " - ( ) :

- :

:

EMBED Equation.DSMT4









ZoH




Ideal LPF

= ZIR + ZSR = ( ) + ( )

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מבוא להנדסת חשמל ועיבוד אותות - אייק

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