اثر التقنية التنظيمية في بطاقات الاعمال المتوازنة

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اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ــــــــ واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ اﻹدارﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﻘﺎدﺳﯿﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ـــــــــــــــــــــ١٢ اﻟﻌﺪد١ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ٢٠١٠ ـــــــــــــــــــ ﻭﺍ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺘﺼﺩﺭ ﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﻴﺔ ــــــــــ ــــــــ ﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ٤١ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ) ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ( ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻷﺴﺘﺎﺫ. ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﺼﺒﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻓﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ/ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺒﺩﻱ ﺠﻴﺎﺩ ﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﻓﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ/ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ: ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺃﺜﺭ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺘﻭﺼل ﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻨﺔ، ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺨـﻼل ﻤـﻥ ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭﻱ١٥ ﻤﺅﺸ ﺘﻤﺜل ﻓﻘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘـﺔ ﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺯﻋﺔ) : ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻼﺀ، ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ، ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ( ﺇﻟﻰ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ، ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺘﻤﺜل٨ ﻗﻴـﺎﺱ ﻤﺅﺸـﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﻤﺜـل ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺯﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ) : ﺍﻟﺯﺒـﺎﺌﻥ، ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤـ ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﻭﺭ ﺎﻟﻲ، ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ، ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ ﻤﺤﻭﺭ( ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺘﻤﺜل. ﻓﺭﻀـﻲ ﺃﻨﻤـﻭﺫﺝ ﺒﻨـﺎﺀ ﻭﺘﻡ ﺍﻟ ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻨﺕ ﺒﺤﺙ،٣٦ ﻓﺭﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﺴﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﺯﻉ ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻭﺜﺒﺎﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ ﺼﺩﻗﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺒﻌﺩ- ﺒﻠﻎ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺭﻭﻨﺒﺎﺥ٠,٩٣ . ﺘـﻡ ﻭﻗـﺩ ﺒﻴﺎﻨ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺎﺕSPSS ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻭﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﺘﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻴﻨـﺔ ﺃﻋـﻀﺎﺀ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻋﻠ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻀـﻭﺀ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ، ﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻟـﺩﻯ ﺇﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴـﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻭﺘ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﻨﻌﻜﺱ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ. ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ: ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ، ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ، ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻨﺔ، ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ. ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤـــﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤـــﺔ: ﺍﻫﺘ ﺍﻟﺤﻘـﻭل ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴـﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻨﺎل ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺒﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﻓـﺭﺍﺩ ﻤـﻥ ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﺴﻠﻭﻜﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻴﻨﻁﻭﻱ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺃﺩﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ، ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻭﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺘـﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻟﺜﻘـﺔ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻭﺘﻌﺯﻴـﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺭﺍﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﺨﻔﻴﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻘﺎﺕ، ﻜﻠﻑ ﻭﺘﺨﻔﻴﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻨﻲ، ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤـل ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ، ﺤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺃﺜﺒﺘﺕ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻅﻤﺔ، ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻜل ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻟ ﻭﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﺜﺒ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻹﺒﺩﺍﻉ، ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺘﺕ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﻋﻜـﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻗـل ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔـﺭﺩ ﺜﻘﺔ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺇﺫ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺭﺍﻉ، ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻜﻼ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل. ﻨﻤـﻭﺫﺝ ﻭﻴﻌـﺩ( Kaplan & Norton ) ﻟـﻸ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒــﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﺍﺤــﺩ ﺍﻟﺘــﻲ ﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﺒﺘﻜﺭﻫـﺎ) Kaplan & Norton,1992:71 – 79 ( ﺍﻟﺩﺭ ﺒﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻴﻁﻠﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻨـﺔ ﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺸـﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻺﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ) (Kaplan & Norton,1992:71 ﺍﻟـﺸﺎﻤل ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺘﻘـﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ(Barkly, 2000, 34) .

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  • : ::: 1. Alto, p. and Kramer, R., Trust and Distrust in Organizations: Emerging

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    13. Mayer, R.et al., An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust, The Academy of Management Review, Vol.30, No.4 (1999). Pp. 709-734.

    14. Robinson, Robin, Balance scorecard, computer word, Vol.34,Issuse 4, 2000.

    15. Stephenson, M., (2004), Trust, Social capital, Organizational Effectiveness, State University in Partial, http://www, ipg. Vt. Adu/ papers/qhfamajor paper.

    16. Straiter, K. L., (2005), The Effects of Supervisors Trust of Subordinates and their Organizations on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment, International Journal of Leadership Studies, Vol13,N1 , pp. 86101.

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