سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامى و جنگ ايران و عراق

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A Paper Translated in Persian about the IRGC Role in Iran-Iraq War

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    .

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    .

    :1- Kenneth Katzman, The Warriors of Islam: Irans

    Revolutionary Guard (Boulder: Westview, 1993),

    pp.3132.

    2- Frederic Wehrey, Jerrold D. Green, Brian Nichi-

    poruk, Alireza Nader, Lydia Hansell, Rasool

    Nafisi, and S.R. Bohandy, The Rise of the Pas-

    daran: Assessing the Domestic Roles of Irans Is-

    lamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (Santa Monica,

    Calif.: RAND, 2009), pp. 2021.

    110 -3

    -4.

    5- Katzman, The Warriors of Islam, p. 67; and

    Wehrey et al., The Rise of the Pasdaran, pp. 2526.

    -6

    60 55 [ 1360] 1981

    .

    :

    Helen Chapin Metz, ed., Iraq: A Country Study(Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress,

    1988), pp. 8793; Hanna Batatu, The Old Social

    Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq

    (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978), pp. 13

    50; and Yitzhak Nakash, The Shiis of Iraq (Princeton:

    Princeton University Press, 1994), pp. 1347.

    -7

    .

    .

    : -8

    S.hahram Chubin and Charles Tripp, Iran and Iraq

    at War (London: I.B. Tauris, 1988); Edgar Obalance,

    The Gulf War (London: Brasseys Defence, 1988);

    Anthony H.Cordesman, The Lessons of Modern War,

    Vol. 2: The Iran-Iraq War (Boulder: Westview, 1991);

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    1391

    Dilip Hiro, The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military

    Conflict (London: Grafton, 1989); Efraim Karsh,

    ed., The Iran Iraq War: Impact and Implications

    (Houndmills: MacMillan, 1989); and Lawrence G.

    Potter and Gary Sick, eds., Iran, Iraq, and the Lega-

    cies of War (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004).

    -9

    .

    10. Katzman, The Warriors of Islam, pp. 10, 79;

    Sepehr Zabih, The Iranian Military in Revolu-

    tion and War (London: Routledge, 1988), pp.

    17, 211212; Steven R. Ward, Immortal: A

    Military History of Iran and its Armed Forces

    (Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University

    Press, 2009), pp. 246, 255, 278; Chubin and

    Tripp, Iran and Iraq at War, p. 74; Obalance,

    The Gulf War, pp. 51, 107, 121; and Cord-

    esman, The Lessons of Modern War, Vol. 2, pp.

    57, 66, 122, 192, 201, 250, 431.

    -11

    20 150

    .

    350

    .

    10 5 -12

    .

    -13

    .: -14

    Centeno, Limited War and Limited States, in

    Diane E. Davis and Anthony W. Pereira, eds., Ir-

    regular Armed Forces and Their Role in Politics

    and State Formation (Cambridge: Cambridge

    University Press, 2003), pp. 86-87; Charles Tilly,

    Coercion, Capital, and European States, AD 990-

    1990 (Cambridge: Basil Blackwell, 1990); Theda

    Skocpol, Social Revolutions and Mass Military

    Mobilization, World Politics, Vol. 40, No.2 (Jan-

    uary 1988); Katharine Chorley, Armies and the

    Art of Revolution (Boston: Beacon, 1973), p. 185;

    Shahram Chubin, Iran and the War: From Stale-

    mate to Ceasefire, in Karsh, The Iran-Iraq War, pp.

    14-17; R.K. Ramazani, Revolutionary Iran: Chal-

    lenge and Response in the Middle East (Baltimore,

    Md.: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986),

    p. 19; Chub in and Tripp, Iran and Iraq at War, pp.

    7, 9-10, 31-32, 37- 40, 71-80, l33, 245-46; David

    Menashri, Iran: A Decade of War and Revolution

    (New York: Holmes & Meier, 1990), pp. 208,228-

    230; Mohsen Milani, The Making of Iran s Islamic

    Revolution: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic, 2d

    ed. (Boulder: Westview, 1988), p. 180; John Bulloch

    and Harvey Morris, The Gulf War: Its Origins, His-

    tory, and Consequences (London: Methuen, 1989),

    pp. 10-11; and Stephen C. Pelletiere, The Iran-Iraq

    War: Chaos in a Vacuum (New York: Praeger,

    1992), p. 59.

    -15

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