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flpr,r nryrenuu nro6oro npeAMera raK r4rrr{ uHaqe npuxo-AtrTct peuraTb Borrpoc: KaKr,rM pa3AenaM yAenrTb ocHoBHoeBuyruanvre, a qro npu gToM (caMo np[roxnrcs>. flpuuenn-TeJrbHo x o6yreuurc r,rHocrpanHoMy r3brKy orBer Ha Hero 3a-Br.rcrrr, B nepByro oqepeA6, or KoHKperHrrx qenefi o6yvenur(.rrenne reKcroB, yMeHr,re o6rscHurrcs B HecroxHbrx cr,rryaqu-xx, ycrnrrft nepeBoA n r. a.)..O.qHaKo npn.nro6rrx coqeraHr{sxetnx qenefi xeJrareJrbHo, .1106rr nocJre npoxoxAeHr.{r Kypcaflpoqecc coBeprrreHcTBoBaHr.tt r3brKoBbrx HaBhrKoB Mor cTaTbcaMonoAr(epxr,rBaroquMcr, T.e. qro6u B cn)ryae coxpaHeHr,rtHHTepeca K lrpeAMery )r.raqnfics Mor caMocTorreJrbHo rronoJr-HrTb cBor{ 3IIaIJ.us, H3 nr.rTepaTypbr, ayA}to- H BI{AeOr,rCTOrrHr,rKoBLr r. A. 14 glecr pemarcq:rr poJrb nplrHaAJrexr,rr c[oco6socrn(cJrbrruaTb) r,r BocupHHuMaTb 3Brrarqylo perrb, a TaKxe (o3By-qLrBaTb> rMTaeMbIe TeKcTLr lr roBopr.rTb.

9renue anrnuficrnx cJroB - npoqecc AocraroqHo cnequ$u-qecxnfi. On ocnosaH He Ha (cK.,raAbrBaHI{r,D) cJIoB us 6yxr, acKopee xa npeo6paroBaHr.rlt 6yreoco.reranuit s coqeraHr{r 3By-xon. flparuna grnx npeo6pasoeannft, co6crseHHo, vr uBtrtlror-ct npaBnnaMr{ npou3HolrreHr{r r,urIl rrreHng. Tar .Iro((ecrecrBeHnbrM) cnoco6orr,r (crlagunar no 6yxrau) uoxnonpoqecrb Jrrrrrrb oqeHB HeMHorr,re cJroBa rlrna: me fmi:l une,blbi:) 6ovnt, a Bor cJroBo my [mar] uoil yxe Bbr3oBer 3arpy4ue-Hur, nocKoJrbKy nprMar noAcrauoBKa rnaorofi [war] nocne [m]nprrBoAr{T r ourn6re.

,(ononnurenbHbre rpyAHocrr.r co3Aaer ro, trro unorue 6yx-nocoqgiaHn B oAr{HaKoBbIx, c roqKrr 3peHrrr npaBr{n rtpolrl-Horrreur,rr, cury a\ufrx rrurarorct [o-pa3HoMy. Cparunre,Hanpr{Mep, head [hed] eoroea, great [grertl eenurntfi, beat [bi:t]6umu, no6etcdamt, real [rral] deilcmatmrehnuil. B nogo6nrrxcryqarx oKoHrrarerbHo npaBr{,nbnuft napnanr rrpor{3HorrreHl{tMOXHO O[peAen[Tb ToJIbKO C IOMOTTIbIO TpaHcKpr,rnuuu, KoTo-par npr,rBoAr{rcr rrpaKTlrqecKn s np6oru anmnficxou caonapd.

Tax, rraoxer, u y-rnrb [polt3HorleHue cJroB r,rcKllloqr,rreJlbHono rpaHcKpnnrlr.rn, He ga6usas, npaBr.rrraMr.r rolony? EAsa au

t0

CglaxHyrbct Mot{ H<> I V rrn4oro 3oYKA

Ua,{H* AAbSo/vl nhcbM@Hl]&lx OT()EPAI+{@Hh*'

raxofi [o,IIxoA onrl'IMiureH, IlocKoilbKy HeoAHo3HaqHocrI'I yKa-

3aHHoroT}InaKacaloTc'MaKcuMyMHecKonbKI,IxTbIc'IIcIoB(nan6olee ynorpe6ureJrbHble I'I3 Koropblx npl{BoAtrct B AaH-

HOrr,r noco6urr B KaqecrBe npuMepoB), laro ocraBllruect AecflT-

Klr rblcflq cJIOB MOXHO O3Byr{uBarb no npaBHnaM, [paKT[r{ecKI4

He pl{cKyt oruu6urrcs.

flpenoganaHrre uHocrpaHHblx f,3btKoB y Hac B crpaHe rpa-

Ar,IquoHHo 6rno opuenrNpoBaHo Ha ncRoJIb3oBaH[e npellMy-

rIIecrBeHHo nI,IcbMeHHbD( noco1tffi n ucrotIHHKoB' flogsnsil[tecg

JILnub B nocJreAHI,Ie roAbl yAo6nrre I{ HaAexHbIe ayrllo- u n.u-

Aeocpe.qcrBa, xort l{ HaxoAfiT sce 6oJree u}rpoKoe [pI{MeHe-

HIre, uclroJlb3yrorcfl Bce xe He B noJIHofi uepe' 9ro cnsgaHo n

co cnequ$uroft qelefi o6yteuur (npelluyutecrBenHo qreHllrc

nlrreparypbl no crreqwurruocru), I{ c Marepl'raJrbHblMlr Saxro-

paMu, I,I c HHepIIHeft urrru.nenns. flonuuanue reKcroB AJII MHo-

i"* no cefi Aern ocraerct eAI{HcrBeHHofi pealrnofi qellro

u3yrreHl4s fl3blKa. .[o6nearrcf, ]Ke sToro MoxHo I'I He o3ByqI'I-

BaflflpaBvrlrbHo cJroBa' a BocnpI'tHI'IMafl I{x npocro rax rpaQll-

qecKlre o6pa:u ruIu o3ByrruBaflHa 6ase eryxor poAHoro f,3blKa'

fIoAo6HHe sapl{aHTbl ocBoeH}Ifl I'IHocrpaHuoro t3blKa <raK Mep-

TBOro)), oqeHb pacnpocTpaHeHHble' HanpI'IMep, B cpeAe r{I',ITaIO-

l l

neperpyxeH. 3aro cryxoroft KaHaJr o6rr.nro gaAeficrnosaH CJra-6o, a ero Moxuo r,r AonxHo BKJrroqHTb n yve6Hrrfi npoqecc. Kcox:ureuuro, peKoMeur a\ur4 Tuna: 6olrrue clyruaftre aHrnufi_cKue paAnonepeAatru, obrrqHo ne cpa6arrrBalor, floroMy rrro6ecnonegHo cJryllrarb, KorAa M:IJro rITo noHlaMaelrrb.

flonrrmn naqarb cnyrnarb nepegavu E u_Eu_CuwmCu_On-3u 6es cuerlrdanbHoft npe4napurenlHoft noAroroBKr{ obpevenrrHa npoB:IJr. .{axe ecnn BaM r{3BecrHbr (<s rrucbMeHHoM Briule)) BcecJroBa r{ rpaMMarrvecxue $opMhr, r.rcnoJrb3yeMhre.q{KTopoM, no_HI'IMaHr'II. roro' rrro oH roBoprrr, Mellraer 3aropMoxeH'ocrb Boc-npnsrvrs' flonuuaru, ilpenoAaBar errs. Ha ypoKe cyu{ecrBeHuonpoule, nocKoJrb*y BOJrbHo r.r,Jrlr HeBoJrbHo oH [OACTpar,rBaerTeMrI r4 orrrsrruBocrb ceoefi pequ rtoA ocHoBHyrc Maccy ay4uro-pun. flpeo4oJrerb 3Ty 3aropMoxeHuocrb MoxHo nyreM npocjry_rrmBitur{r Ha nepBoM sraue yre6Hbrx Kacc€T, c <<npopexeHtrorl3arrficbro))' H3roroBllrb Koropble HecJroxHo caMocroqrerbHo cnoMorrlbro AByxKacc€rHoro MarHr,rroQoHa.

flpopexennar Konr{r nepnuunofi 3arrucv r,I3roroBJrrerc,nyTeM lepe3anr{cu Ar,rKTOpcKoro reKcTa Ha Apyryrc Kaccery coscrasxofi nayz. lpt groro:

l. 3anucr pequ AHKTopa craBr{Tc, Ha Boclpor.r3BoAsulynAeKy, a quc'ras, KacceTa _ Ha npueMHyro AeKy.

2. B pexur"re lepe3anucr{ c Kaccerbr Ha Kaccery (no uucr_pyxqrur uarHuroSona) nocnpor,r3BoA_srq:r, Kaccera c 3a[r.rcbro

t2

peqr.r AHKropa (snyraueft n AunauraKax) repuoAltqecKl'I nplaoc-

TaHaBJIuBaeTc'HaxaTI{eMKHonKI{(Ilay3a))HaeooTBeTcTByIo-

ueft Aere, a qepe3 HecKoJIbKo ceKyHA 3anycKaerct BHoBb

noBTopHbIM HaxarlleM rofi xe KHonKH.

3anscr Ha npnel,auylo Kaccery BeAerct HenpepblBno' [Ipo-

AOnXeHlre 3anncH npr.r ocTaHonnensofi BocnpoI,I3BOAfIIIefi rac-

cere. co6crBeHHo, I 'I co3Aaer rpe6ybr*rrre nay3bl' f laysrt

xeJraTeJrbHo BcraBJrtrb B KOHIIe KOpoTKI'D(' HO I{HTOHaLU{OHHO

qen6crnrx yracrKoB pe'ua. fIpo.uoJDKI{TeJIbHocrH nay3 H LIHTep-

prc-kta<tek l l_tre k te ft

t** 1

nl l -noPaHQ, n-HAAC-TA . , . .

B{TJIOB 3ilrlf1l)vr MeXAy ur'[rm no'q6upaloTct c raKI{M pacqeToM'

,rro611 3a BpeMfl nay3br Bbr MoHrr4 noBTopllTb npeAluecTBylo-

unfi.uncropcxrni$ParueHr. i

florou nneHKa c rIay3aMI{ trpocnyruuBaerct croJrbKo pa3'

cKoJIbKoHyxHoAlI'MaKcI,IM.lJIbHonoJIIIoroIIoHIIMaIIu'3aIIu.

cn. HepaunonaJrbHo rparl{Tb cJIurnKoM MHoro BpeMeH}r Ha (<pac-

ruuspoery> caMbur Henonf,THbrx $panaenroB' K BocilprlJlTlrlo

KOTOpbIx Bbr, BO3MOXHO, eule He BuoJrHe roToBbI' HO rlpocJry-

IUaTb oAHy 3anl{cb Ao IIoqTI{ noJrHoro noHHMaHI'It noJre3Hee'

qEM HCCKOJIbKO AHAJIO|I'IqHbIX TEJIC- I,(lIId PAAI'IONEPEAAq B P:-

'IJIbHoMBpeMeH}I'BKoTopblxBbIJII{IIIbcJIerKacxBaTbIBaeTeoo-tqraft cuucn. Moxno, KoHeqHo' B Henontruhu( M@Tax npocro

ocrauaBJruBarb I'r Bo3Bpalllarb Ha3aA AHKTopcKyIo ganrlcr' Bon-

poc B ToM, cKoJrbKo BaIu MarHr{ToSon cnoco6en argepxunarr

rarofi pexr{M pa6oru. Hegnaxouue crroBa MoxHo IIOIIbITaTbCt

oTbrcKarbBCJIOBape,xortnoIIpI,IqI{HaMHeo.qlo3HatlHocrl{Ba-plraHToB 3anl{cu 3ByKocorlerannft sro He BcerAa JIerKo'

rrlr{x KoMnbroTepHbre co_o6qeHua lporpaMMr,rc-TOB, npourpbrBaroT HeToJrbKo csoefi o,uno6o-KOCTbIo.

flpu o6y.reHulr noTIITCbMEHHbIM I{CTOqHI,I-

KaM OCHOBHaT HaIpy3Ka

JroxlrTcr [pexAe BcefoHa 3pr{Tenbnrrft xananBoclplrrrr,rr unQopnaa-qur{, Koroprrfi y 6onr-rur,rHcrBa u 6eg roro

t3

Cnyurarr HaAo rro Bo3MoxHocra qaqe, xorq 6rr [oHeM_nory. Elaro coBpeMeHHbre uaruuroQoHbr Ir rrJreepbr no3BoJrr_ror cnyurarb Kaccery c nro6oro Mecra u rpe6yroi ,"*rrryrunogroroBrzreJrbHbrx onepaqrari. Illecrr ypoxoB rro nflTHaAr{arbMaHyr noneuefi oAHoro flonyropaqacoBofo.

{ononnr.rreJrbHo cMf, rqr,rrb Harpy3Ky HaqarbHoro 3Tarrao6yveHaa (cJryrlraHl,rlo)) u, coorBercrBeHHo, noBblcrlTb eroeQ@exrrnnnocrb MoxHo, rccfloJrb3y, 3arrucuyue6Hux KypcoB,HanpuMep rr3BecrHoro yue6unxa <flpoprrn> lMocrna,i Buc_nrar rrrKoJra>r, 1995), TeKcrbr u 3aAaHvE Koroporo HaqHTaHbrHa nneHKy rrpenoAaBarenrMr.r u cryAeHTar" T"*u""*oro yHn-Bepcr{Tera. locrynnocrb B 3TOM Cryqae n[cbMeHHbrx r.rcroq-HIIKOB no3BOJIteT Har{aTb TpeHl,rpoBaTbc, Ha MaTeppraJle,coAepxaHr.re H rpaMMarnr{ecKrre Soplrr Koroporo noJrHoc_Tblo 3HaKOMbr.

He 6y4err,r JryxaBurb - o6yveHze cJryrrraHr.trc Ha nepBbrxropax co3.qaer Ao6anovsyro Harpy3xy lr rpe6yer olpeAiilelr_Hbrx 3arpar BpeMeHH. Ho xax roJrbKo

"", go6uar"au ar"p""r*

)rcnexoB (vro nnonne peiurbHo, nocKoJrbKy n ycruofr peql.r uc_rroJrb3yercf, ropa3Ao MeHbrrre cJroB H 6onee npocrbre rpaMMa_TlcqecKr.e $opurr, qeM B rrncbMeHHoft), o6y.reH". ;;;;;ApyruMH TeMrraMu.

B xaqecrne no6,qeHHun HaB brK "";H::: #:ffi ;ffi JffiXT ;;i^-##rxrurrfi npw pas'upaHan reKcroe 6es o3ByqHBaHr,r.s cnos. AcKopocrb qr€Hlrr o6ecneqnr BaM rrporpecc nro6rrx 4alrnefi_urr.rx 3aHrrufr. He clyvaftno Bo Bcex coBpeMeHHbrx,3brxoBbrxTecrax oAHItM H3 ocHoBHbIx rloKa3arerefi qgr.flera" ,annr,

"ur_rroJrHeHr{r sa&anuilEuIe oAun noresHrrfi pesynbrar cJryrrraHr{, cocronT B ToM,qTo B naMrTb (HarIprMyIO 3arII{CbIBaeTcr)) STaJIOH npaBr{nbHo_

ro npol-r3HorLre*r.Lfl,, xoropufi Moxer orrur{arbc, or 3Byr(oBbIXo6paaoa, co3AaBaeMbrx BaMlr caMocrotrenbHo, Aaxe ecJrl4 BbInptr 3ToM rroJrb3yerecb rpaHcr(punqueft. Be4r cyrqecrByrcr er{eItHToHaIIHs, cMbIcJIoBbIe aKIIeHTbI L T.n. Taxnlra oOpuror, J_qerar cnylraHr.re c greHr,reM, MoxHo ycneurHb o6yvarrca xsrr_Ky, TpaTr MHHHMyM BpeMeHr,r Ha nficraHr,re cnorapefi.

t4

Cayxorofi KaHaJr npno6peresus' gsantmit' uMeer I{ qucro

OurosHe npelrMyulecrna. Clyurarb' Hanpfl Mep, BrloJIHe peaJrb-

Ho B ct{Tyaqutx, rAe HeBo3Mo}KHo HJrH ney.uoGro qllrarb fi

nrcaTb. flneep c HayurHr.{KaM[ [o3BOJrr{T BaM rrepeHecTll qacTb

'nngruft s o6uecrsennrrfi TpaHcrlopr' Mecra o;xrl.I'arrila LI T' rt',

FKnpqLIB n pa6ory BpeMfl, Koropoe paHbrue flpocro npona,4a-

Jto.Tenepr o HaBbIKax npol'I3Horrreuur- Ay[uropHafl pa6ora

rIrA r4x SopruuporaHllfl TaKxe Mnno flpucnoco6nena. He scs-

xnft y.reHur Moxer npoAeJlhlBarb B npucyrcrBl'In rpy[rlbl ]I

npenoAaBareJrt Bce MaHI{rIyJItquu c roJlocou, neo6xoAl{Mble

lulr (fionaAanvrfl>> r uyxnufi snyr. He ncxxuft [perloAaBareJrb

cnoco6en BblAep)Karb croJrbKo noBTopenl{fi , crorlxo rpe6yet-

C' HHOMY YIIAUIEMYCS, ALYI BPEMf, YPOKA BCCTAA OIPAHUTIEHO.

Koueuuo, lyvurufi nyru npno6pereHl'Ifl npaKTEqecKI'Ix pa3-

roBopHbrx HaBbIKoB - npoxrtBaHlte B fl3blKoBoi cpe.qe vvurkr-

BUAyanbHbIe ga;aflTufl, c xoponlrM HacTaBHI{KOU, XOrOpufi

nog6eper onrI,IMaIJrbHbIe ynpaxHenfi.fl vr (rro BaIrIeMy 3Byqa-

HHrc)) oupere;rv:T, r{To y Bac He raK c t3bIKoM llrru ry6auu' K

coxaJreHI{IO, 3TO He BCeFAa AOCTynHO.3aro s Halue BpeMs sce 6omuee pacnpocrpaHeHl{e nony-

rraloT TexHuqecKHe cpeAcTBa O6yveuur, B qaCTHOCTI,I AOCTaTOTI-

Ho cJIoxHbIe KoMnblorepHble nporpaMMu, cnoco6uue

BOCnpI{HI,IMaTb,oueHI,IBaTbLIKOppeKTI'.IpOBaTb[poI{3HOIrreH[eyqaquxcg. He ornepraa ux [oJre3Hocrl'I' orMgrllM' qro B rlo-

cTaHoBKe npolt3HollreHl'lt Moxer oqeHb rloMotlb LI y[oMI'IHaB-

utuitcs. yxe AByxKaccernrrft uamnro$on. HaAo roJrbKo He

JIeHr,ITbCfl nOBTOptrb 3a AI',IKTOpoM npopexeHHble MOHOJTOTU,

I,IMt{T}Ipy'KaKMoxHoToqHeeefonpoI{3HoIueHLIe'I.IHToHauHK)'aKIIeHTbI, nay3bl MeXAy cnoBaMI'.I U npeAJIOXeHUtMI{ I'I T'A'

A-rra o6rexrl{BHocrll caMoKonTpont cneAyer [epuoA[qec-

KII AeJIarb KoHTpoJrbHyIo (coBMeIrIeHHyIo 3anucb))' Heo6xo-

JII{Mocrb raKllx sanuceil cBt3aHa c reM, qro co6crseHHoe

rrpol{3HorueHl{e B BOCIIpHSTnI{ (GHyTpeHHI{M)) CJryXoM noqTlt

BcerAa Kaxercfl 6onee npHBJIeKareJrbHbIM, rreM 3To noKa3blBa-

ror o6terruBnble Kpurepuu. He ceKper' rITo MHor[e, BnepBble

ycJrbrrrraB cBolo perlb c nJIeHKlr, 6rrsarcr Aaxe pa3ortapoBaHbl

l5

ee 3ByqaHHeM, r.rcKpeHHe lloJraraf,, qTo MarHr,rToooH ee cHJrbHoHcKa3r,rJr. flpn srorr,r oHu coBeprueHHo corJracHbr, qro Bce,qpy_rne 3ByKH Tor xe uarHuroeoH Bocnpor.r3BoAr.rr BnonHe y.qoB_nerBopr.rrenuro. Jlyvue flogroMy noqaqe cpaBHr.rBarb cBoenpon3HorueHr,re c AHKTopcKr{M s o6rerrfisHo paBHbrx ycnoBu_rx. Xoporuo noMoryr npaBr,r,rrbHo cJrbrrrrarb ce6s raxxi crrcre_Mbr I,I3 unxpoSoua r,r HayrrrHrrKoB, Koropbre rrcfionb3ynr neBrIbInpr cry.auftHhrx 3anucrx.

C4elarr coBMerrleHrryro KoHTponbHyrc 3anr,rcb coBceM He_CJIO)I(HO:

l. 3apanee noAroroBJreHHar Kaccera c npopexeHHofi sanu_cbro pequ ArrKTopa cTaBnTCr Ha BOC[pOr43BOArrqyrc AeKy Maf_Haro$ona, a Ha [pueMHyro AeKy craB]rrcf, qyreraflKoHTporbHasKaccera Anr coBMerrlennofi 3ailr4cvr.

2. CHa'aana Ha KoHTpoJrbHJ[o Kaccery nepe3anucbrBaercsQparueHr Ar,rKTopcKoro reKcra (r pexlrnre nepeflHcbrB alvrfl, cKaccerbr Ha xaccery) .I4s AuHavrnKa npn 3ToM 3Byr{[r peqb AHK_TOpa, KoTOpyrc Bbr 3anoMr,rHaeTe AJrr nocne.4yroqero noBTOpe_Ilurg,.

3. Kax roJrbKo Ha Bocnpousno4xrqefi Kaccere norrrJra o.rlHaH3 paHee BcraBJreHHbrx BaMr{ nay3, phrqar pexuMa pa6oru6ucrpo nepeBoAr,rrcs B rroJroxeHrre ((3alucr c uuxpoSoua>("Mic"), n qepe3 rranxpo$on B [ay3y BrracbrBaerc, noBTopeHr,re$pasrr Ar{KTopa B BarrreM ucnoJrHeHnr{.

4. flonropun n rrauxpoQoH,qr{Kropcxufi eparrraeHT, Bbr Bo3_Bparqaere pbrqar pexr4Ma pa6oru B uepBoHarraJrbHoe noJroxe_Hr,re llepellucbrBa}lvrs, c KacceTbr Ha KacceTy H [pocJryrxHBaeTecle4yrorqufi QparrraeHr. OgHonpeueHHo oH rrepenr{cbrB aercs HaKoHrponbHyro KacceTy.

flocle ne6onr'rofi npaKTr{Kr,r flepeKJrpqenr,re pbrqara no_I{TU NEP€CTAHET OTBJICKATb BAC OT BbINOJIHEHI,IC OCHOBH OtrT SANA-.rtl. B r,rrore Ha KoHTponurofi Kaccere AoJrxHa nonyquTbc,3anncb, n roropoft ncrreA 3a AHKTopcKr,rM TeKcroM cJreAyror BarrnrnoBTopbr. flpoc.uyurrrnat ee, MoxHo caMocTof,TeJrbHo cpaBHr.rrbKarIecTBO UpOI{3HOUIeHHS.

BoguoxHrr pa3rr,rrrHhre r;apnarJ*rtr onrncaHHoft pa6oru cnaaruuroQonou. Hanpr.rMep, AJrr 3afrnBaeMbrx Har,r3ycrb Ar,ra_

l6

JroloB Moxuo 3anllcblBarb c yre6nofi ruIeHKIl naprl'Irc oAHoro

n't naprHepoB B 3TZUIOHHOM I'ICnOJIHeHI{II' B[I',ICbIBafl B nay3ax

cBo?r pellnl'{KH.

flo vrepe pocra MacrepcrBa, Bo3Mo)KHo' BbI Ha) {Irrecb o6xo-

/urbcq uoo6tq" 6er upopexeHHblx 3alulceit, Aetax coBMeuIeHHyIo

r(oHTponbrylo 3alilIcb nptMo c nepnn'moft 4rropcxofi' ['m sro-

I'O HaAO B flpoqecce neperrrcblBaHl'Ifl AI'IKTOpcKoro reKcra' ocra-

uoBlrrb AI,IKTopcKyn rIneHKy rnonrofi (rlay3a))' 3areM

nepeKffotil4T b)s HA3aIil4Cb c r'*aurpo$oua, 3a[I'ICaTb cnofi uonrop

t,t nycrl{rb Ha [ep$aru{cb cneAyloulnfi guxropcrnft Qparuenr'

llocrqorPYt HA c3& ytcJlo^Ae$Aa

co CTOPOHbI :

HaxoHeq, MoxHo rlpocro [oBTopqrb 3a AI'IKTopcrofi ueu-

rofr, He Aeilat ""

,rpop"*euHoi, HH KoHTpolrnofi lanucefi'

KaK 3To npuHtro "o

t"oa"* lnuraQouublx Kllaccax' Karas-ro

IIOJIb3a I,r oT TaKUX Zannrnlt,6esycnonno' ecTb' HO Ha o6ter-

rlrBuyro caMoolreHKy H KoppeKquro co6crBeHHoro npon3no-

rrreHut paccql'ITblBarb rpyAHo' KaK 3epKanbHat creHa noMoraer

6alepune yBI'IAerb ce6s co cropoHbl' TaK MarHI'ITo$ou uorno-

JrI{T BaM co cropoHbl ce6r ycnnularr' O6rerrI'IBHee cnoco6a

nsr!Anrop I{cKpeHHe HaAeercs' qro ycmns' 3arpaqeHHble Ha

ocBoeHne npHBoAHMbIx s noco6uu [paBuJI' MeroAr{K I'I noAxo-

4on, 6uc"rpo oKyntrct 3a cqer reMnoB r{ KaqecrBa H3yqeHI'It

anuuficxoro ff3blKa' ycnexoa Batt, zocnoda yqat4uecn!

l7

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Bb Bb tbi'l 6n Oo Oo loul oy

Cc Cc Isi:] cn Pp Pp lpi'l rlt4

Dd Dd Idi:] AN Qq Qq Ikju:] KEIO

F. Ee li'l LI Rr Rr lo'lFf Ff lefl a$ Ss .Ss ["s] 3C

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Hh Hh ler$l 3IIq Uu Uu [iu'] rc

I i I t lad atl Vv [vi:] BI,I

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3. AHrnrhcrnh AfloABl4T

.{ore4eHnoe Ao [oJIHoro aBToMarr{3Ma 3HaHHe aHDrI{fr_cKoro aroaBl{Ta Heo6xoAr,rMo, npexAe Bcero, AJr, 6hrcTpo-ro Haxo)K.{eHHt oJIOB B CnoBaptx. KpoMe TOrO, oqeHbpac[pocTpaHeHHbre B aHrJrHfiCKOM r3brKe a66pennaryprro6brqHo He rrpeBparqarorcr B caMocrotreJrbHbre cJIoBa, KaK3ro xapaKrepHo Arrr pyccKoro r3brKa (8y3, HATo\, a co_xpaHrror aJr0aBr,rrHoe rrreHr.re: VIp [ 'v i : ,ai ,pi : ] (veryimportant person) , GB ['Si:'bi :] ( Great Britain) , U f 1, em, pi1(Member of Parliament) n Ap. Haxoneq, aHrrgrraHe, KorAa3To Heo6xoAlrMo, npn6eraK)T K Ha3bIBaHuIo IIo oyKBaM Heo_cr bt'r H Hx H a I'IMeHoBa ."ui. urril MaJro ynorpe 6urenru'x cJr o B(cnelanHry), raxxe rpe6yrcqeMy coorBercrByroqefi [oA_l'o'ToBJIeHHOCTT{.

I t

4. AHrrufrcrue cornAcHblE 3BvK14

Knaccr,rQxKaqnq aHrnHficKnx cornacHblx

3axououePHocrLyao6Ho PaccMorperbHa crp. 2V21.

npoI,I3HOIUe lHus al1^r tuitcKlrx corJlacHblx

c noMolqblo Ta6InIIbI, npeAcraueHHOfi

3nyx IlpuuepTpau-

CKDITNULI'3syK Ilpuuep

Tpan-cKDU[UI4t

lbl be [bi:] lsl see Isi:]

tdl day lde4 tt1 tea Iti:1

lfl fo, [fo:] tt verv ['verr]

tsl 8o lgoul Iw we Iwi:]

thl he [hi:] lz zoo Izu:]

Lil yes [ies] IJ she lji,l

tkl car [ko:] ls usual [ ' ju:5ual]

tu law [h] ln stng Istn]

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lnl new. [nju:] tel thank IereI]kl

tpl pay lperl tdl other [' irda]

trl read Iri:d] I6l a8e le'61

Csrcrrulae I{ rurlrutune

frryxne fkpth SJfE

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npeo6namer nan uryr'rou)

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B ocHose Kraccn$HKarlvu 3ByKoB perrri Jre)ru.rr aHiurr,r3 cno-co6oB l{x nporc3HeceHus. TaK, npu npor,r3HeceHnn flracHbrx 3By-KOB ronocoBbre cBr3Ktr Br.r6pr4pyroT, a cTpys. Bo3Ayxa r,r3 JrerKr.rxcBo6oAHo npoxoAnr rrepe3 Becb peqeBofi annapar. flosrouyBCe rJracHbre tBJrrroTcr 3BOHKHMIT 3ByKaMr4 My3brKaJrbHoroToHa. Pa3Jrr,rqrs xe Mex.qy Hr4Mr,r onpe.qeJlsrorcr oco6eHHocrs-MU perreBofo pe3oHaTopa: fy6br MofyT 6srrr oxpyfneHbr, Hefi_

20

OOrnaCHblX 3ByKOB n ux pyOGKl'lx a]lanOrOB

TpaJrbHbI I,IJrrr pacrtHyrbl' t3bIK MOXer 6uru npogBl{Hyr Bne-

peA, orTtHyT HiI3aA, [oAHtT BBepx I4 T'A'

Cornacurre 3ByKlr Qopuupyrorct nyreM npeoAoneHl'Ic [pe-

rpaA, co3AaBaeMblx opfaHaMr{ peql{ Ha nyrrr BO3AyIIrHoro IIo-

TOKa, [o3TOMy BceM HM B TOfi :,1.n:clu]fl0ir creneHH [pucyua

rIryMOBat cocraBJltrouas. 3TO MOXer 6rtrr' Ha[pl',IMep' xJro-

nor. sosHHKaIOIqI{ft npH pe3KOM pa3MbIKaHI'.Ir4 r.y6' [epBoHa-

Ilepeaxellurrsre 3alxe-cruqxue

AIIUNUIbHo-

aJlbEeorgpHHe

AJrbBeortpHo-NAJIATUbH6IC

3aaluaeolrPxue3aauese6xue

(BentpHHe)

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K 'IIbBEOJIAM

n

t-d

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K alJlbBeoraM,6orosue KPat t3brKi

onyilIeHbr

I

t<oHqnr< s3blKa B o6lacru

{rtbBeoJI, t3blK nOAHtT

x n€6Y

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r

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3A

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Hvrt 4JIg ncnoJrHe-

Hr.rt cte.4ytouero3ByKa

2l

rrarbHo noJrHocrlro nepeKphrBaBrrrux Bo3Ayxy BbrxoA (snyxH[p], [b], ["], [6]), r.rrru rrruneHue, Bo3Hr{Karoulee rpu npoxox_AeH_trl{ Bo3Ayxa qepe3 co3AaBaeMyro opfaHaMn pevu rqelr (rry_Krr ["f], [S], [ru], [c] n r.n.).

Gi,rut . t rule cornacHbteCouacHsre, QopuupyeMl,re rryreM pe3Koro pa3MbrxaHr.r,

noluoli flperpaAbr Ha rryrrl BbrxoArulero Bo3.4yxa, Ha3brBaror_ct cMblqnbrMn B3pbrBnbrmn. B aurltzlict<otur q3blxe r,IMeerct rpurrapbr TaKr{x cofJlacHbrx, qTo onpeAe'Ifl,eTcg, MecTOM ,n cnoco_6orr o6paro B alnufl rrpef paAbr. Currqnrre ry6uue couacHr,re [p]r.r [b] o6paryrorcr rpu p*KoM pa3MbrKaHr.tw ry6. np" ,rpo"r_HeceHrrH cMbrrrHbrx [t] u [d] pa3MbrKaerc, nperpaAa, co3AaBae_Mat KoHqr.IKoM t3blKa, flpuxilrblM K aJIbBeoJIalr _ 6yroprau,paclonoxeHHblM Mextry BepxHr,tMH AecHaMr4 A rnepgrru u€_6o M. flo sroMy oHr.t Ha3brBarorc, a[HKaJtbHo_anbBeorspHbrMrr.3ayru [k] n [g] apr,Kynr{pyrorcr nyreM pa3MbrKaHH, KoHraKrasaAnefi cnHHXrr r3brKa rr MrrKoro H€6a. OrcroAa r{x Ha3BaHlre _3aAHeq3brqHue. B xaxgofi r.r3 neperrncJreHHrrx nap oAnH 3ByKuyxoli, flpor{3HocuMrrri 6es y.uacrul foJrocoBbrx cB.fl3oK, Apy_rori - ssouxufi.

Eue rpn cMbrr{r{brx corJracHbrx o6pa:yerca npu rex xe [pe_fpaAax, HO rre rIyTeM r{x pa3MbIKaHHfl, a 3a cqeT llpoxoxlleHu_gBo3AyrxHori crpyH rrepe3 HOC. 3ro oxasHsaerc, BO3MOXHbTM Bpe:ynbrare onycKaHr4r MrrKofo s€6a, o6uqHo flepeKpbrBaro_ulero flpoxoA, coeAHHqrouufi HocoByro Lr poroByro noJrocrr{.flpou:uocllMbre raKlrM cnoco6ou 3BoHKHe corJracHbre [m], [n]rr [4] aocraroqHo My3brKaJrbHrr, ronoc n uux npeo6naAaer HaArxyMoM. 6raroqapr qeMy Mbr HMeeM Bo3MoxHocrr, (MypJrbr_Karb)) MeJToAHII. He orKpblBal.pra. Hasrrsalotc, oHr{ cMhIrtHbI_Mrr conaHTauu (or JrarnHcKoro sonore _ toyvno).

Pazru\us B 3ByrraHr.ru cMbrqHbrx coHaHToB TaKXe o6yc_noBJreHbr rrper,rMy[IecTBeHHO XapaKTepoM u noJro)KeHr,reM OC_uosuoft nperpaAbr. flpn npouaHeceHnlr 3ByKa [m] nperpaaoft.KaK il arr [p/b], flBrcrorcr coMKHyrbre ry6rr,-arg in]l

"pr_xarrrfi K arrbBeorraM r3brK (cp. c ttldl), HaKoHerL arr [g1.KAK I,I AIT [K/g], - KOHTAKT gATHEfi CTI,IHKII '3bIKA

C MSTKXM

22

ilC6ou. 3ryr [i] He I'IMeer aHarloroB B pyccxoM aertxe' flpu

tro o'rpa6otri roHqn* t3blxa cneAyer rroMecrltrb y ropneft

llllxHHx ry6on u, flpllorKpblB por' npol'I3Hecrl'I B Hoc Heqro

lpoAe (Hf).

l4eaeeue cornacHble

Boguoxnocru snyroo6pa3oBaHut 3a cqer nponycKaHuc

$pyl{ Bo3Ayxa qepg3 co3AaBae}fylo peqeBblMl'l opraHaMl'l y3KyIO

tuenb peann3ylorct B rpynfle uereBhrx QpxrcarunHbrx conrac-

xux (fricare rro JIaTbIHI'I - repvrr). 3nyru aroft rpynnbl raKxe

o6reAfiHqrorct B napbl no nplsHaKy rnyxofi - ssourufi' 8116-

pauilrc roJlocoBblx cBt3oK, KCTarlI' JIeFqe Bcefo olqyfl',ITb' npH-

loxLIB nzrneu K Iuee s o6racru fopJla rrplr nocneAoBareJrbHoM

npoI,BHeceHHI4 ruIyxl4x H 3BoHKI'IX tunntunx [Ji3], [c/s] H r'n'

Apyrue pa3ruvvfl, IrIeJIeBbIx conlacHblx o6ycnoueubl MecroM,It

cnoco6ono o6pasoramlq qereBoro rpelrflrcrBl{t' !4r sryxon [fl

n [v] ruenr Qoprr,rupyercq npn Kotrralcre nuxnefi ry6lr c BepxHIr-

", tyOu"". fy6rr Hanpff(enbl I'I cJrerKa pacrf,Hyrbl' fua [e] u

[d] xonum t3blKa noMeulaerct Mexry sy6ar*r (npn erou nago

npo"t"""." [c]rurH [s]). 3nyru [s] n [z] $opt"tltpyorcr ryreM KoH-

TaKTa KoHqI,IKa t3blKa c BepXHI'IMI'I A@HaMI'I' Ecnu xogquK t3blKa

rroMecrlrrb HrDKe, sryr [s] nepefiaer n [0] (ronuux t3blKa y KpoM-

Kr{ BepxHI{x ay6on)' Ecln xonqm t3blKa nepeABuHyrb BbIIIre K

t""pab*y ud6y, nonyrHrct 3ByK [J]. IIpn npolr3Hec€Hnu [fl n [5]

BepxHf,t nepeAnflt qacrb fl3blKa (He roHullK' a I{MeHHo BepxHtt

nepeAHtfl uacrr) o6pasyer rulocKyro ueJrb B o6lasrH zInbBeoJI'

Cpe.urar qacrb t3blKa npI'I eroM noAHI'IMasrct K rBepAoMy He6y'

rrTo npHAaeT 3Tr{M 3ByKaM 6Olee u.f,rxllfi, no cpaBHeHHIO c pyc-

cKHMI{ [ur] u [x], orreHoK, KaK B cJloBax ubnm wtvr )tc'opu'

HaxoHeq, rnyx [h] Soprvrnpyercf, nyreM c6rfixenuq KopHc

t3brKa l,t saAHefi creHKu 3eBa, TaM xe, rAe cMbIr{HbIe [k] u [g]'

Cau sgrrr npll 3ToM npHHHMaer noJIoxeHI'Ie Ant npol'I3Hece-

Hr,It nocJleAyroqero fJlacHofo 3ByKa, rax qro rnyr [h] nPer-

craBJlter co6ofi rar 6u npeAllrecrByroruufi rJIacHoMy

cnrrurnuufi BbIAox. Xpunrrqr'1ft npI'I3ByK pyccKoro [x] y aur-

rurftcxoro [h] orcyrcrnyer, raK KaK 3aAnflt crIHHKa t3blKa MeHb-

lIIe nonHl{Maerct K rr'ffirxor"ry ne6y'

23

a

IIpu 6onee lulrpoKnx rrleJreBbrx npoxoAax gnr nos4yuuoficrpyl,I o6paeytorca qeJreBbre coHaHTbl, TaK)Ke MeHee rlyr!ffibre r.r6oree My3brKiurbHbre, no cpaBHeHuro c spnxarunHbrMr,r courac-HbrMrr. flonuoro napaJrJreJru3Ma rro Mecry o6paoonannr, KaKETO 6TIIIO B CJIYqAC CMbItIHbIX COHAHTOB II B3PbIBHbIX COHIACHbIX(p/bl - [m], [t/d] - [n], [</g] - [n]) V qerreBbrx coHaHroB u Opu-Karr.rBHbrx coruracHbrx Her (cu. m6nuqy Ha crp. Z0_2I).II{ene_BbrMr.r coHaHTaMr.r rBJrrrorcr 3ByKr.r [w], [l], [i] u [r].

flpu npousH@eHr,rn He lrMeuqero pyccKoro aHrurora 3ByKa[w] n [cxo.qHoM noJroxennu ry6rr HanprxeHbr, orpynreHbr r,rBhrlBlrrryrbr BlepeA, KaK AJrr pyocKoro [y], asrrr xe orrrnyr Ha_3AA 14 CTO 3A4.Tflg, CIII4HKA NOAHflTA. [ArrEC BKJITrIACTC' TOJIOC IIocyulecrBnqercf, nepexoA K nocJreAyroqeMy rJracHoMy 3ByKy. flpr4HeBepHoM nporlsHecexuu rwna pyccKoro [s] HaAo flpocJre.q{Tb,.rro6u ry6u aefiqrBrmeJrbHo 6rurn nanpr,renrr u wrxcvae ry6arl,t s rarofi MoMerrr He KoHTaKTr,IpoBa.Jra c BepxHr{Mr,r sy6arrm.

Conanr [] naorrraercr eule 6oronrrM, TaK KaK rrpr,r ero npo_H3HeCeHLILi KOHTIHK S3hrKa rlpnxaT K ttrbBeoJraM, a [poxoAbrNrs crpyu Bo3Ayxa o6pasynrca nyreM onycKaHns 6orosrrxKpaeB r3brKa.

3nyr [i] rpeAcraBrrser co6oft oqeHb KoporKoe Jr]. Cpea-Htt qacrb r3brKa noAnrra K TBepAoMy ne6y. rlro6rr sror3ByK He npeBparqancr B pyccKr.rfi [fi], roHvr{K r3brKa cJreAy-er noMecrr.rrb Hnxe HuxHrrx sy6or, TorAa npocBer Mexrynepxuefi cnunrofi r3brKa r{ rBepAbrM n€6ou 6yaer a"pa,rreM Arr [fi], vro u rpe6yercr.

AQ$pnrarutflpouexyroqHoe IIoJrox(eHl,Ie Mex,qy cMbITIHbIMI'I Lt UeJIe-

BbrMI{ corJIacHbIMLI 3aHIrMaIor raK Ha3bIBaeMbIe aQQpnnarrr. B

anrnnftcrovr t3blKe oHLI npeAcraBJIeHbI AByMt :nyrarrau [f] u

tfil. B naqanrHoft cralluv rpou3Hecenils.Ernx 3ByKoB KoHqLIK

r3hrKa npxlrar r raAsefi qaclv tuIbBeoJI, o6pasyr flonHylo npe-

rpaAy, KaK AJrr 3ByKoB [t/d]. IlperpaAa, oAHaKo, He pa3MbtKa-

erct floJrHocrblo, a ruraBHo nepexoAl'IT B ulenb. B peynrrare

o6pasyerca eAnnufi snyr [{], noxoxaft Ha pyccKoe [v], Ho He

raroft u.srxnft. .{.lrx nponsHocttMoro reM xe cnoco6ot"t, Ho c

roJrocoM, 3ByKa [ft] n pyccxoM t3blKe aHzulora Her.

O6tqre 3aKoHoMepHocrtt npox3HouleHllf,aHrnrrcKl lx cornacHblx

Kaqecrso 3ByqaHHr coruracHblx (u macnux):uyxon cyue-

crBeHHo 3aBI{cLIT or o6rqero o6teua pffioHaropa, onpeAeJlte-

Moro, npexAe Bcero, noJloxeHrreM t3blKa n poronofi noJrocrlt.

Yuenrruenne gToro o6reua, HanpI'IMep BcJIeAcTBI'Ie noAbeMa

cpeguefi c[r,rHKLI t3blKa K TBepAoMy H66y, npuso.4l'IT K cMelqe-

Hr,rn cneKTpa3uyqanfifl, s 6oree BbIcoKyIo roHaJlbHocrb, rlro Ha

cJryx Bocnpr4Hl{Maercfl KaK cMtrqeHI'Ie (nalaraanraqna) rny-

ra. B pyccxoM f,3blKe raKI{M nyreM o6pasyrcrcs MtrKI'Ie co-

rJracHble [n"], [n"], [n'] n r.n. flocxolrry pyccKue corJracHble

npenMylqecrBeHHo sy6uue (Aopcalrurte), r.e. npol'I3Hoctrct

c KoHqr,rKoM t3blKa y HI,IxHHX IIII,I BepxHllx ly6or, yKa3aHHoe

ABr{xeHr,re cpe.qnefi cnI,IHKLI f,3blKa K TBepAoMy u66y orasrtna-

ETC' JICIKO BbIIOJIHI'IMbIM I,I .4OBOJIbHO ECTCCTBCHHbIM.

flparruuecKl,I Bce anrurnftcrcne cornacHble roJrbno rBepAble.

flosuqns t3blra c KoH.ILIKoM, npuxarblM K aJrbBeorau ulru

HaxoAtrql,IMcq s o6ragru tuIbBeoJI, Anfl pyccKot3bnHoro yqa-

qeroct AocraroqHo HelpuBblr{Ha n rpe6yer cneq[anbHblx ycfi-

nnft. Ho oHa xe npentrcrByer rloAbeMy cpegHeft cII'IHKLI t3blKa

BBepx, npHBoAtIIIeMy K BbIIIIeO[HCaHHOMy CMtrrreHulo pyc-

cKux coHlacHbrx.Jluurr Art 3ByKa [] orrvre.raercff cylqecrBoBanue (cBerJro-

ro> (6oree Irarxoro) orreHKa nepeA HracHbIMI't, flpon3Hocl{-

MbrMr{ np}r roAnrrofi cpe4nefi crI{HKe fl3blKa [r], [iu:] vIT.fl.,v!

A PblqATb , ro Trt r 6pAroK, pA3yqq^c_9

Ir-r.,.]

3nyx [r], B orrur-qr,re or pyccroro [p],npou3HOCLITCr c KoH-qI.IKOM t3blKa, 3aBep-HyrbIM BBepx vrHL3aI\,3a aJIbBeoJIbr, K TBep-aouy ue6y. flplr ra-KOM NOJIOXCHI,II4 fl3hl-

Ka xapaKTepEafl NnpyccKoro [p] nx6pa-r.{I{.fl HeBO3MOXHa.

24 25

(reMHoro)) (rsep.qoro) [] nepea conracHbrMlr vr Ha KoHqe cJroB..{a eue 3ByK}r [J] " [S], B cr{Jry 6onee BbrcoKoro noroxeHr,rcr3brKa Bo PTY, KaK yxe OTMeqtUrOCb, OKa3brBarOTCq qyTb MqrqepyccKI,Ix.

Boo6qe xe anrnuftcKlre 3ByKr4, no cpaBHeHzro c pyccKn-Mu, npol{3Hocsrcg 6olee 3HeprurlHo. r.e. c 6olruruMl{ rr}Icro

Qusnuecruuu 3arparaMv gHeprur{: 6anuluu Harrprlr(eHrlerra ry6AJrr cMbIr{HbIx coDracHrrx, 6olee MoITIHrIM BbrAoxoM Ant rny-xr{x coulacHblx, oTqeTJrLrBo olqyqaeMblM ycr.rJrr.IeM KoHTaKTar3brKa c :LirbBeoJraMkr Nrfl turbBeonrpHbrx r4 T.A.

Kparxuft, Ho orrrgTruBo cJrbllul{Mrtft ruopox BbrAblxaeMo-ro Bo3Ayxa, Ha3hrBaeMbfi npn{uxaH[eM nJru acnnpaquefi, co-npoBoxAaer, B qacrHocrn, npou3HeceHue couracHbrx [pn], [tn],[kh]. Crpyro BbrAbrxaeMoro Bo3Ayxa npr.r oroM MoxHo oqy-Tltrb no KoJIbIxaHlIIo Jrucra 6yuaru I,IJTH nJraMeHI,r cBerru, no-MerrleHHbrx B HecroJrbKr{x caHTnMerpax or ry6. flpH,qHxaHr,reflporBnrercq Har.r6oree orqerJrr.rBo npx npor,r3H ec,enyrv yKa3aH-Hbrx 3ByKoB B Haqzure cnoB nepeA rJracHbrMrd n cna6ee - B cepe-Ar.rHe r.r KoHrIe cnon. B cotreraHrrx [sk, sp, st] sayxu [k], [p], [t]Epor,r3Hocrrcr 6es npu,ubrxaHr,rr.

, (@

KoHrrlrxa s3blKa y tulbBeoir (a ne nepxHllx ay6or nnn 4eceu).

Kporrae rofo, Kax,quft cornacsrrfi :nyx creAyer rar 6r,t loA-

qepKHyro o6ogHa.rurr, cJrerKa Ha HeM 3aAepxaBllrucr ([n-nju:])

H OTqeTJII{BO OuIyTr{B npH 3TOM ycr4Iwrc Ha[ptxeHHoro rIJIor-

HO|O KOHTaKTa KOHttI{Ka S3bIKa C tulbBeoJlaivtll, ullxHefi ry6rI

c BepxHI,IMI,I :y6anlrl. nuxHefi ry6rt c oepxneii ry6ol"r v r'r,'

Bce sro AeJraer rlpoqecc perlla A,tfl Haql{Haloulero npaBI{JIbHo

roBopr{Tb no-aur:ruftcKl{ AoBoJrbHo rpyAoeMKI'ru vltcro Qu-

3HqECKI,I.

3aro s aHr,ruiictcoM t3blKe cQopnaupoeairacb cBot cncre-

Ma DKOHoMlru per{eBbrx yculwit, Toxe cyUecTBeHHo oTnl{qa-

roruatct or pyccxofi. B pyccxot"t q3blKe npI'tHtlro. HzrnpuMep'

ornyruarb corJlacHble Ha KoHL(e cJIoB, npou3Hocq d.l:6 - t<ax

[gyn] eulu 6ez - xax [6erc] (:a'rena luursnfi pa3 yrpyxAarb

roJlocoBble cBt3KI'[, ecrvt v, IIpI,I ofnylueggofi roneqHofr co-

rnacuofi cJIoBo JIerKo pacrlo3Haercfl' c yr{eroM KoHTeKCTa'

pa3yMeerct). B anrlnficxou q3blKe MHofo KoporKltx cJloB'

pa3nnqarcuuxct roJIbKO 3BOHKOCTbIO-rnyxocrbrc KoHeqHbIX

corrracHblx, HarIpHMep bad [bed] nnoxoil r'r bar [bxt] nemy'

.!an Mbrutb, dead [ded] uepmearil u debt [detl done, bag [breg]

MetaoK u back [bek] cnuHa u gp. OrlyueHlre orcoHqaHrft s

3TI{X Cnyqaqx Moxer B KOpHe MeHtTb cMbIcJr BbIcKa3bIBaHI{t'

a noToMy HeAonycrllMo.

Crorrr xe [IerIerI4JIbHoe orHolrreHl'Ie K rnyxl{M I4 3BoHKITM

coDIacHbIM flposBJlflIor aHUII{r{aHe B cepeAzHe cJIoB I{ Qpa:, rge

MbI rracro <ta6neaeM) ru60 sxrroqurr, ml60 BbIKJIIOqITTb fo-

Jroc, flpou3Hocf,, HanpI{Mep, aruexdom rax [aHnr4or]. B anmnft-

cKoM f,3blKe cJroBo anecdote npol'r3Hocl{Tcs He HHaqe KaK

[' anikdout] . He gonycxaerct raKxe BMesto [' medsin] (me dic ine)

io"op"t" I metsin], a let's go [lets gou] npor'r:Hocurb rax [ledzgou] u r.n.

B ro xe BpeMt yABoeHHbte corJlacHble B aHfJII{lIcKoM fl3bl-

Ke BcerAa rll{Talorctr KaK oAIrH zlyr sell [sel]' /ess [les]' npHueu

TeHAeHIII.I' CJII4THOrO npoI43HO[reHI',Iq cofracHblx paclpocTpzl-

Hterct It Ha MHorI{e Apyrlde lrx cor{eraHus. KorAa, Hafipl{Mep.

3a cMbIqHbIMIt B3prIBHbIMH corJIacHbIMI{ [p]' [b]' cneAy]or co-

HaHrbI [n] nru [], :ayrocoqeraHl{t npou3Hocqrct IIyreM pil'J-

lPu, tu,Khll-lprq btxAHVc-? flownnyrlcrn !

9ro6n ng6exarr xapaKTepHbrxArs pyccKoro r3brKa cMsr-r{eHlrt coHlacHblx LI BffJIOCTH apTnKyntqllH, npexAe BCerO, KaKy)Ke orMerlarocr, ueo6xoAr,IMo KoHTpoJrtrpoBarb noJroxeHr,re

26 2'7

MbrKaHHr fy6 flpn 3apaHee npDKaToM K rUrbBeOJraM KOHrrI,IKer3brKa r{ oryuleHHoM MrrKoM ue6e ([pn], [bn]) rmu onyuleH-urrx 6oxosHx Kpaqx .rr3brKa ([pl], [bl]). AnanoruqHo 6e: or-pblBa KoHr{I.tKa r3brKa oT zurbBeoJl }rcnoJrHfl IoTcr 3ByKocoqeT a[|,g,[tl], [dU, [kl], [gl] (rolrxo 3a cr{er onycxaHras 6orosux KpaeBarura), a 3ByKocoqeranufl [tn] rE [dn] - roJrbKo 3a cqer onyc-KaHr.rr MrrKoro ud6a, rax rrro 3ByKr,r npocro nepexoA.f,T Apyr BApyra 6es xaxoft-ru6o naysrl lrJrr.r orroJrocKa rnacHbrx MexAyHI,IMII.

Cyutecrryer raKxe npaKTraKa sa6laronpeueHuofi rroAro-TOBKr.r peqeBbrx opraHoB K lrcrroJrHeHr.rro He ToJrbKo 6tmxait-rrero, Ho I{ nocJre.qyrcqux 3ByKoB. B qacrnocrr, I , npulpon3HeceHnu [pr], [br] rsur orBoAr,rrcr 3a aJrbBeoJrbr Ant3ByKa [r] eqe Ao pa3MbrKauw ry6. AHarora.{Ho B 3ByKoco-qeraHurx rr,rna [tw], [kw] u r.rr. rroxa r3brK npr,rHuMaer no-JloxeHr.re AJrr nepBoro 3ByKa, ry6u $opMr,rpyrorcfl AJrtnpou3HeceHaa [w].

B sayxocoveraHusx [tr], [dr] arrbBeonrpHue [t], [d] cra-HOBTTC' 3aaJrbBeorrpHbIMI,I rrOA BJTATHLIeM nocneAyroqero3aarbBeorqpHoro coHaHra [r]. 3aro npu lpor{3HeceHrrr{ co-qeraunfi runa [da teibl, da desk, ten0 lesn] amreonrpHbrecofJracHbre [t, d, n, l, s, z] rroA BJrr{rHr.reM rrpeArxecrByrorrluxrrJrr{ nocJreAyroqrx naexay6Hrrx [e, d] craHoBqrcr ry6Hu-MI' .

flounuo nepequcreHHbrx cnyqaeB cyrqecrByer MHoxecrBoHe cToJrb tBHo BbIpaxeHHbIx HTOaHCOB [pOH3HOrrIeHlrr, BbI3-BaHHbrx B3aITMoBJII{IHHeM 3ByKoB. BolrrunncrBo I{x .qoJlx-no c$opulrpoBarbcfl B rrpoqecce pequ ecrecrBeHHbrM o6parou.Haao roJrbKo, pa6oran HaA rrpolr3HorrreHueM, Hanpr.rMep rty-TeM noApa)KaHllfl AHKTOpy, CO3HaBaTb, r{TO )Kr,IBat peqb 3To HelpocTo MexaHrrqecKa_s nocleAoBaTeJrbHocTb cTaHAapTHbrx t4HeI,I3MeHHbIX 3ByKOB t4 qTO eCTeCTBeHHOe n I,THTOHaIIUOHHO npa-Br,rJrbHoe 3ByqaHr,re peqr.r Anf, ycnexa o6ulenus eavacryro 6o-nee BaxHo, r{eM Aaxe ee rpaMMarnqecKat 6erynpe.rHocrr.Couacnrecb, H B poAHoM q3brxe 4elo o6crour s o6ureM-roTaK Xe.

28

5. HTEH]4E COilACHbIX

Eonruruncrso aurJ]l,Ift CKUX COTJIaCHbIX IIMeeT no HecKoJIb-

Ko BapI,IaHToB LITeHnfl B 3aBlIcHMocrH or KouKperHolo 6yxueu-

fforo oKpyxeEvl[ v noJloxeHu,fl B cJIOBe.

l. Coruacnas c lepeA flracHbIMI'I e, i, y Aaer rnyx [s], a ue-

peA coHracHbIMI'I n TJIacHbIMH a' o' u - rnyx [k]'

+e, i, y - [s] cell [sel], face [fers], city ['srtI], cycle [sarkl]c

+ a, o, u, Cr - [k] can [kan], cock [kck], cup [k'r'p], act [rekt]

* 9ncla, pa3AenegHble apo6Hofi 'reprofi, o6ogHa'rarcr KolruqecrBo clloB c

pu"."uip"uaeMblM 6yreocoveraHlteM B nu6opxe (crr 'r ' crp' 6) u

KonltqecrBo cpeAl4 HI'IX cnoB, rAe aro 6yxoocoveraHue ql'ITaerct no aaH-

HOMy BapI.{aHTy.

?ro npanulo pacflpocrpaHterct Ir Ha rITeH]re 6yrnocouera-

Hr,rr cc fiepeA DracHbIMI'I B TaKIrx cJIoBax KaK: success [sak'ses]ycnex, t t*d [sek'si:d] npeycnemb,succinct [sak'sIg(k)t] rcpam-

rcui, succinum [tsnkslnjemf numapu.3Aecr c repeA rrlauruuu e, i

npou3Hocl4rcq [s], a nepea cornaorofi c - [k]' OAnaxo cp': suocory

Isnkarl] tqurcopuil, succour ['snka] noMot4b, suocus ['srtkas] corc,

iucculent [' s&julent] c ouuutil, succumb [sa' km] y cmytnmb'

3ro xe npaBnno pa6oraer npu rrreHI{H 6yrcnocoveraHl{t sc

B cJroBax rlr.ru *"n. fiinl c4eua,scarf [sko:f] uapb, score [skc:]cuem (6 uzpe).

2. EyrnocoueraHl'Ie ch o6rrqno quraercs rax [tJ], oAHaKo B

cJIOBax lpeqecKofo LI JIaTI{HCKoIO rrpoucxoxAeHl'Is ch = [k], a n

cJroBax Spauqyscroro rlponcxoxgeHl'It qacro ch = ["|.]' Oqesr

peAKo cn = [fi]: sandwich ['sendwrfi(l[)] 6ymep6pod umrso-

o6nle He npoll3Hocurcr: yacht llttl nxma, schism [srzm] epecb'

ch-tullklt,l'l

chief [{i:{1, chance [tJo:ns], each [i:{] 4451322*school [sku:l], chaos ['kercs], echo ['ekou]machine[ma'Ji:n], chef [Jefl, chic [Jrk]

29

character:chemica12scheme2stomachsacheaanchoraarchaeologyaarchitectaarchive(s) a

chemistachordachorusaChristachronicahierarchyamechanicamonarchaorchestraascholaraanarchyschamomileschasm5chlorine5cholera5choral(e)5chromium5chronicle5chrysanthemum5epoch5lichen5loch5masochismsmelancholysparochial5patriarch5

ch = [k]

['kerrkta]['kemrkal]Iski:m][ 'stmak]Ierk]['repka][,o:kr 'claftr][ 'o:krtekt]['o:karv(z)][ 'kemrst]Ikc:d][ 'kc:ras]['krarst]['krcnrk]['hararo:kr]Imr'krenrk][ 'mcnak]['c:krstre][ 'skcla]['enekr]['kemamarl]['krezam]['klc:ri:n]['kclara][ 'kc:ral]['kroumjem][ 'krcnrkl]Ikrr'sren0amam]['i:pck(/epak)][ ' larkan]Ick]['mresakrzm][ 'melankah][pa'roukjal][ 'pertrro:k]

nepcoHaxxuuHqecxnficxeMa}KIIBOT

6onrcKopbapxeonofutapxHTeKTopapxr{BXT{MIIK

xopAaxopXpHcrocxpoHuuecxufivepapxvfl.MCXAHHK

MOHapxopKecrpyueurrfi, freHHKL}{Apxvts.poMarrrKanponacrbxnopxoJrepaxopaJrxpoMJIETOTIHCb

xpr.r3aHTeMa

3TIOXA

nulolafiuurco3epoMa30xI,t3MyHbrHHe

npuxo4cxuftnarpr{apx

individual2soldier2graduate3procedure3educateaarduous5cordialsfraudulent5pendulums

[,rndr'vr$ual]['soulfia]['greSuer(/a)t][pra'si:$e]['efiukett]['o:Suas]['kc:djal(/Sal)]['frc:fiulant]['pen$ulam]

nuquufrcoJrlarsaKalrwmarbBY3npolleAypayril{Tb

negocrynnuficepAewrufto6uauHufiMA'THLIK

ch = [J]

schedule2 ['Jedju:l(iskefiu:l)] ta6rnqa, nnaH

champagnea [Jrem'peln] uraMnaHcKoe

avalanches ['evalo:(/e)nJ] raBvrna

caches [kreJ] ratouax

chandeliers [,Jenda'ha] rlocrpa

charades [Ja'ro:(/er)d] tttaqaa:a

chassiss ['Jest] luaccll

chauffeurs ['Joufa] BoAI{rerIb

chauvinisms ['Jouvrnrzm] uIoBI'IH]I3M

echelons ['eJalcn] 3IuerIoH

parachute5 ['PeraJu:t] napaulor

3. floIr,tI,nto ocHoBHoro BapvarTa rlpon3Holxeuur d - [d] n

pr,4e cJroB coruIacHas d quraercs rar [S]:

4. CouacHar f npaxruqecrll BcerAa rrllTaerct rax [fl, Ho

ecrb oArrH ot{eHb rracro Bcrpeqapquficr npeA-nor of lcvlevl,roropufi cJleAyer npolI3HocLITb nMeHHo tax,'Ito6rt He cMeuru-

Barb c Hapeql{eM offlcfl.

5. Couacsaq g nepeA rlIacHbIMH e, i, Y Aaer 3ByK [6]' (v

groro npaBl{na AoBonbHo MHoro [cKJIIorIeHI{ft, racaroulHxcr

nan6olee yuorpe6l'lreJlbHblx cJIoB)' flepe4 comacHblMu H HIac-

HbrMrI a, o, u 6yrna g rpou3Hocllu [g]'

3 l30

* e, i, y - t6] age [erS], giant ['ftarant], gym [6m]g

* a: or u, Cr - [g] game [germ], single [srggl], gun [gm]

g i e, i, y = [g] (ucx-nrcueHrEr)

camouflage5entouragesespionage5lingerie5sabotagescorsageocortege6mirage6

['kemafla:g][,cntu'ro:g]['esprano:g]Iengari:(/er)]['srebata:3][kc: 'so:g][kc: ' te(r)5][ 'mro:3]

MacKI,IpOBKaoKpyxeHI{eIUNIIOHAX

AaMcKoe 6e.nreca6oraxKOpcaxIUECTBI{E

Mr.rpax

rrepe3, cKBO3bcoc€AB3.qOX

ocnosareruHHfiB3BCIIIUBATb

fopoAnnyr,6opoa4lrr6e,qpoTecro, [acra6nNsrHftAO.Ib

6ofiMOIIIb

rrpaBo, nepurtfrrtpxuit, cserrHfiNOJICT

ctet, lerrufi3peHlrenpruofi

1-t

HAIIUHATb

nonyrraTb;AeraTbct

AeBOqKa

AaBaTb, rIpuqLIHfTb

BMEqTC

sa6HsarrIIeJIb, MItIIreHb

ycepAusrfiMCXAHI,I3M

Aap, TruraHrra6puonerxllxnKaHbeno3oJIoTar{yAaK

KacTpr,rpoBarbIOJTOBOKpyXT4-reruHuft

3OJIOTI,ITb

yxuulpeHHeCBETJIOC [[IBO

rrrrp

pexrrMpyMrHaBbre3AKa lolra4efifapaxMarcaxnpecTHx3arpaxAeHr,re

begin'get'girl'give'togetherlforget2target2eagerlgear3gift3gigogiggleagiltageezer5geld5giddy5

gild5gimmick5lagerstiger5

[br'grn]lgetlIga:l]lgtvlIta'geda][fa'get][ ' to:grt][ ' i :ga]lg'al[srt]lg'gllgrgllIsilt]['gi:zalIseld]['gtd4

lgildl['gmrk][ ' lo:ga][ ' targa]

g*e, i ,y=[S]

Irer'gi:m]Iru:g]['dreso:g][ 'gero:(/r)g]['meso:g][pres'ti:g][ 'bero:g]

,,, tl Ght - ttl) high [har], eight [eIt], though [dou]'6. eh night [nart]- \ tq Ght - [ft]) laugh [fd:fl, enough [r'nr'fl'

\ draught [dra:ft]lgl ghetto ['getou], ghost [goust],

dinghY ['dIAgt]

regime3rouge3dressageagarageamassageaprestigeabarrage5

throughrneighbor3sigh3thorough3weigh3boroughoploughothighadoughsnigh5daughterlfight'might'rightrbright'?flight2lisht'?sightrstraight2

2 Ne 2965

gh=[]

[0ru:]['nerba]IsaI]['0rra(/0a:rou)][weI]['birra][plau][0ar]Idou]Inut]['dc:ta][fat][maIt]Irart][brart][flart]Iat]Isart]Istrert]

32

7 .futs6yrnu i KpoMe ocHoBHoro Bapr,raHra ureunr i = [dS]:job [ficb] pa6oma B cJroBax <fpauqyrcxoro nponcxox,{eHr.rtBcrpeqaercr i = [S]: bijou ['bi:3u:) 1efienywxa.

8.&rs cornacnofi I rporrae ocHoBHoro BaplaarltTa nporrcHo-rrreHr,rjfl [] xaparrepeH prA oco6ennocrefi n 6yxnocorreraHnrxrnna alf, alv, alm n r.A. CoorBercrByroque nplrMepbr npr{Bo-I''{TC . npH paccMoTpeHr,ru qTeHr,rt HracHbrx.

9. 3a pegxnMr,r rrcKJrroqenuflMu couracHar n n 6yrnoco,re-Tankrflx, Aaroqux [ocJre Hee 3ByK [k], .rnraerca rax [g].

nc, nk, nq, nx - [nk] bank [bapk], anxious ['a4kJas],ancle ['epkl]

n=[D]

['ftrgkfan][ 'segkfan]Idrs'trgkt]['mstrikt]['ftqkJen]

10. Ha KoHIre cnon 6yrnocoqeraHl{e -ng qnraercr rar [9], a

B cepeAI,IHe cnoB -ng- = [ng]. 3ro npanulo qacro Hapymaerct

B cnyqatx -ng- + e, i, Y = [n6], xort Ir 3Aecb I'IMeIorct cBoI'I

HCKJrrOqeHI,It, [o3TOMy JIyqIue coorBercrBylolqne cJIOBa yqHTb

HenocpeAcTBeHHO, paclpeAenl{B I'IX nO COOTBeTCTByK)UIHM Ka-

TeropuqM.

weight2height3

tough2cough3rough3sloughstrough5

ghastly5

function2sanction2distinctainstinctajunctiona

[wet][hut]

gh = [f]

lt^fllkcfltr^flIslr'fjItrcfl

gh = [g]

['gc:(/re)sth]

Bec, orsroularbBbICOTA

XECTKI{I{

KAIUCJIb

rpy6ufiTOIIb

Kopbrro, xeno6

yxacHbllr

SyHrwucaHKrlr{torqgmlrssrftI,IHCTI,IHKT

COEIUHEHI,IC

zincadefunct5encoresprecinct5punctualssuccinct5thank'thinkrdrink2link2pink3rank3sink3tank3ankleablankabrinkabunkerachunkadrunkuconque/banquet5delinquent5relinquish5tranquilsbanquette6

[zu]kl[dr'fl'1kt][c4'kc:]['pri:sIqkt]['p4kSual]Isak'srpkt][ereek]Ieryk]Idnek]Ihpk]lpnklIreek]Isryk]Itepk]Ieakl][blrepk][bnak]['bnaka][{nnk][drrrpk]['kcaka]['beqkwt]Idr'llqkwant][n'hpkwrJ]['treqkwl][breq'ket]

IIHHK

yrvrepiluft6uc!fpaHrrrla

nynrryanrHuficxarrfr6rarogapurrAyMarbTIHTb

3BeHO, CBq3b

posoartfiTII,IH, KATC|OPI,I'

TOHyTb

III,ICTCPHA

JroAbIxKa

6raux, nycrofirpafi (o6puoa)flMa

JIOMOTb

nrsurrfi3ABOCBbIBATb

nupnpecryllHuKycTynarbcnorofiHufi6anrgrra

-ng = [D] king [kIp], long [lc4], thing [Ori], g_1ng [gTD]-ng- =-tng] single ['srrlgl], angle [engl], angry ['aqgrI]

34 35

* e, L y - [n6] change [fern$], danger ['dernfia]-ng-

+ e, r, y - [ng] finger ['fiqga], anger ['anga], singer [sIpga]

language2congressadistinguishahungryajingleajunglealinge/tangleaanguish5bungalow5bungle5congregate5dangle5

-ng- = [Dg]

['le9gwrft]['kcAgres][drs'trggwrJ]['hqgrr]ldsmgll[6,tngl]['lryga]Itepsl]['rengwr"f]['b,rpgalou]lbt'ngll['kcAgngert][dapsl]

-ng- = [D]

['hepa]

[,hm'drya]

'3bIKcbe3ApiBnl,IrraTb

roro.qHrrfi3BOH

AxyHrJruMEIIIKATb

lyraHrxla, ocopacTpaAaHlrsAAqA

rryraHr{qaco6mparsctcBI{CaTb

neuraruca (rure.urcurur.s oaexAbr)cnofi napeur

CH}IMOK

aruo@epayAapeHHe

Oa3a

triumph3catastropheadolphinaelephantagraphicametaphoraparagraphaphenomenonaphilosophefphysicsasPhgreasymphonyatroph/alphabetsamphibious5autographsdecipher5emphatic5euphemismseuphoriasgraph5morphine5nymph5orphanspamphlet5periphery5pharmacy5pheasant5phonysphosphorus5physiology5prophet5sapphire5siphon5sulphurstyphoon5apocryphal6

['travrmfl[ka'testrafr]['dclfin]['ekfant]['greefik]['metafa]['paragro:(/a)fl[fi'ncmme(/o:)n][fi'lcsafa]['frzks][sfia]['smfenr]['troufr]['alfabat][rem'ftbras]['c:tagro:(/e){l[dr'sarfa][m'fetIk]['ju:fammn][ju:'fc:na][9ro:(/e)f]['mc:fi:n][nrmfl['c:fan]['pemflat][pa'rrfan]['fc:masr][feznt]['founr]['fcsfaras][,frzr'claftr]['prcftt]['safara]['safen]['snlfa][tar'fu:n][a'pckrrfal]

TOpXeCrBoraracrpoQa.qarbQrurCJIOH

rpaQruecxruir"reraQopaa6gaq

'BJICHUESr,llloco$QnsrucaIIIap

clrlrrSoHnxrpoQeftarQanrrseunono4HuftanrorpaQgeurnQponllnarunasroft.ruBrrfienQertarcuefi<popurAlrarpaMMarraopQnfiKyKOJrKa, JrltqlrHKa

crrpora6pournpanepr.rQepua

QopnaaqnaQasanQartrurunrtftSo@opQusnonornanpopoKcanQrycuQoHceparafitfyttHe4ocrorepnrrfi

11. ph = [f] phone [oun], phrase lfrenl,biography [bar' cgrafi]

hanger5

humdinger6

photograph2atmosphere3emphasis3phase3

ph = [fl

['foutagro:(/e)fJ['atmesfia]['emfaus(/z)]lfeul

1(r

7[kwl queen [kwi:n], quick [kwrk]. equal ['i:kwal]9U..

\ [k] unique [iu:'ni:k], etiquette ['etrket], cheque [{ek]

12. Corlacuar q Bcrpeqaercs rorbKo B cor{eraH}rr.{ c fJrac-uofr u, Koropas xax 6u rloAMeH_ger B 3Tr.rx cnyqatx w, TaK qroocHosnofi Bapr4aHT r{TeHufl groro 6yrnocoueraHr,r, qu - [kw],oAHaKo Ha KoHrIe cnoB nepeA Heuofr e r.r B peAKr,rx cryr{arx BcepeAnHe cloo qu = [k]:

13. Eonruroe paanoo6pa3ne BapvaHToB cBt3aHo c qreHI'I-

GM coulacgofi s. B ocHoBHoM Bce oHI{ Kacalorcc qreHufl s KaK

[zJ s cepeauHe I,IJII,I Ha KoHIre cJIoB B coceAcrBe c TJIacHbIMH

NJII{ 3BOHKI,IMI{ CODraCHUrr n. HerpyAHo AoraAarbct, r{To 3Aecb

Mbt HMeeM Aeno co cryqaqMn o3BoHlIeHHt fJlyxoro coHrac-

HOrO B COOTBercrByIoqeM oKpyxeHl',I[' Ho o3BOHqeHUfl Id3-

6upareruHoro. Ycrofi'{I'IBas 3aKoHoMepHocrb, Kacalouatct

noAo6Hblx cnyqaeB - 3To npon3HollreHne s = [s] n 6yxnoco-qeraHHLI -us Ha KoHIIe cJIoB rl{ra Dzs [bm] aemo6yc' B noAas-

JIrIouIeM 6onrurraHctBe cnflaeB TaKxe ss = [s] (ucrno'reHua:

dessert [dr'za:t] decepm, dissolve [dr'zclv] pacnycKamo, Palcmeopnma (c.a/, possess [pa'zes] o6nadama, scissors f' stzazl

uocrcuu4tt).Kporrae roro, cylqecrBynr BaptraHrbl s = ["[ "

S = [5] (nepea

cySQmcar*,rll cM. crp. 122), araKxe:

sh = [-f] she [Ji:], shelf [felfl, bush [buJ]

14. CornacHat t KpoMe ocHoBHoro BaplraHra 'rreHlrr [t],nepeA HeKoropbIMI'I cySQnxcaMI'I Moxer rrnrarbct xax [f] lurE

rar f[] (cu. crp. 122). Kpoue rofo oHa BxoAI{r B HecKoJIbKo

xapaKTepHblx 6yrnocovetannft , B qacrHocrl'I:

tch = [S] match [m*fl, watch [*tS], catch [kaS]

I 5. flnrpaS th npou:uo cvrrafl,3BoHKo [d] nper'l"rynlecrBeH-

Ho B cJryxe6Hrtx crosax H MecrollMeHnflx, a raKxe nepeA Ko-

HeqHbrMLI -e vIwI -er. B 6onruruncrBe xe Apyrilx cllog th =

tel

apostrophe6asphalt6cipher6ephemeral6epitaph6geography6gramophone6lymph6phial6philistine6philologyo

antiquelconquerrmosqueaqueueobaroque5bouquetsclique5communique5grotesque5lacquer5liqueur5marquee5masquerade5

Ia'pcstrafr]['asfe(/c:)lt]['sarfa][r'femaral]['eprto:(/e)fJIdgr'cgrafr]['gremafoun]llmfJ['faral]['fihstar(ii:)n][fi'lclafir]

o6parleHnea@arnruruQp, uruQpoBarr,npexogarqnfi:rmra$nareorpaQuarpauuoQounnu$acKJrflHKa, ny3brpeKo6rrnare.nr

Qlr:rolorua

oblique5opaque5physique5plaque5

Ia'bli:k][ou'perk][fi'zi:klIplo:(/e)k]

OKOJIbHbII,I

Henpo:pa.rrrnfiTEJTOCJIOXCHI,IE

MeMOpUlurbHaS

.[ocKa

qu = [k]

[en't i :k][ 'kcaka]Imcsk]Ikju:][ba'rc(/ou)k][bou(/u:)'ker]Ikli:k]Ika'mju:nrker]Igrou'tesk][ ' laka][r'kjua(/a:r)][mo:'ki:][ ,meska'rerd]

crapnnnrrfr3ABOEBbIBATb

MeqeTb

oqepeAb

npuvyAluoufi6yrerruIHKAKOMMIOHI'KE

rporecxuufrJIAK

NI,IKEP

rrJarepMacKapaA

38 39

/ IAI both[bouO], thing[Orp], north 1225th ..

\ [d] they [der], other ['ada], soothe [su:d]

although'anotherrbrother'eitherlfather'furtherlmother'other'ratherrthanrthatrtheirt

themtthemselves'thent

therelthey'thoserthoughltogether'whether'with'gather2mouth2neither2southern2thus2weather2

th = [d]

Ic:l'dou][a'nirda]['bnda]['ar(/i:)da]['fcda]['fa:da]['mrda]['rda]['ro:(ie)da][den][det]Idea]

Ida(/e)m][dam'selvz]Iden]

Idea]lde4Idouz][dou][ta'geda]['weda][wd(/0)]['geda][maue(/d)]['nar(/i:)da]['udan]ldnsl['weda]

xora. (conz)

4pyrofi6parnrc6oft (ns anyx)oreq.qaJrbrrreMATb

4pyrofiBecbMaqeM, HexeJII,I

TOT, Ta, TO, Te, qTO

I,Ix, cBoft, cBof,

cBoeul[[, ux, vrMvrce6t, -cnTOIAa,3aTeM,

3HAqI{T

TaM, ryAaOHH

MHox. or thato.qlraKoBMCCTE

.. . i ln

c, y, [pI{co6uparrporHr{ T0T, mrapyrofipxsufirax,raroano6pa.rounoroJla

bother3leatherlrhythm3smooth3featherasootheabequeath5brethren5dither5

fathom5lathe5scathing5seethe5slither5smother5swathe5tether5thou5wither5

['bcda]['leda]['rrdam][smu:d]['feda][su:d][bI'kwi:d]['brednn]['drda]

['fredam][e16]['skerdrp]Isi:d]['shda]['smrda]Iswer(/o:)d]['teda][dau]['wrda]

HaAoeAaTbKOXa, peMeHbpr{TM

rrra,Kr{ftrepoycnoKar{Barb3aBerrlaTbco6parrxHepBHoe nos6yx-AeHUeMOpCKar CaXeHb

roxapuufr craHoK

earulft6ypnnrrcocKzlrlb3bIBaTb

AyluHrb6tlnrosarrrrpnBr3bru (ycmap.)BrHyTb

16. Heroropbre u3 6yxnocoue'tasuit c yqacrlleM w (ow'

ew) oruocrrcc K Aurpa$au uracHblx (cu. crp. 81). B ps.qe

nan6onee qacro ynotpe6nreMblx cnor 6yrnocoqetanue whnepeA rnacuofi o qllTaercff [h], nepea ApyrI{MI{ TJIacHbIMI'Iwh.{Hraerct KaK [w]. EyxnocoqeraHue wr BcerAa quraercfl

lrl.

+ o [h] who[hu:], whole[houl, whose [hu:z]TYh

+ (In. Kp. o) [w] what [wct], white [waIt], wheel [wid]

whom2whoop5whore5

[hu:m][hu:p]Ihc:]

KOrOKAIIIJI'Tb

npocTHTytKa

4lN

whopper6whorl6

wh * o = [w] (ucxlrcveHNr):

['wcpa]Iwa:l]

x = [gz]

[rg'zamrn]IIg'zc:st]ing'znd3arefil[rg'zempt]Irg'za:t]Irg'zrbrt]Irg'zctrk]Ic:g'zrlOan][eg'zesabert][rg'zc:l t ][rg'zo:( ia)sparert]Irg'zc:t][rg'2fi)u:barant][rg'z(i)u:d][rg'zempla][eks'hju:m(hg'zu:m)]

x = [kJ]

['re0kJas]['hkl'an]['bar'sekJual][kam'plekJan][ab'nckJas]

x=[zl

[,zenou'foubla]

['zarlafoun]

fi@lIeAoBaTb

rr3HyprrbnpeyBenuqI,IBarbocso6oxAarrHaflprrarbcttIOKiI3bIBATb

srgorlrqecxfiiiTIOMOUIHHK

o6ocrprrrnpeBo3HocI{TbcepAHTbyBeuleBaTb

o6nrrHltfiBbIACJISTb

o6pa:eqBbIKANbIBATb

osa6o.IeuHr,rfipocKonlb4nynonuftBI,IA

nporunnuit

HerlpHfl3Hb K

r{HocTpaHHoMyrcuro$on

rpoMaAr,rHa3ABI{TOK

examine2exhaustlexaggerateaexempt4exertaexhibitaexoticlauxiliary5exacerbate5exalt5exasperate5exhort5exuberantjexude5exemplar6exhume6

anxious3luxury3bisexual5complexionsobnoxiouss

xenophobia6

xylophone6

wr = [r] write [rart], wrong [rc(:)g], wrap [rep]

B uexoropux cJroBax (QpaHrlyrcroro, B rracrHocrn, npo-rlcxoxAenut) seyx fw] o6olra.raercr rlracHrruu 6yxnaMu u Hoi (cu. crp. 65 n 88).

KAK Y Alo4@rh !Hv ecZoaux APYr 6e3APvrA Ha A^orvr, A?\ft Q - Apvrc- APVTOM, TPeTLHX XX nOA H€ YCTPAhBAA-T .

17. Cornacnas x qr{raercr KaK [gz] nepea ygapHofi uacuofilr xax [ks] B noAaBJnrouleu 6onrrur{HcrBe Apyr}rx cJryqaeB, xortcyulecrByrcr BapuaHrbr x = [z] n x = [kJ] (nepel cyQ$nxcarr.rn).

7 lez) exact frg' zakt], example [rg' zo:mpl], exist [rg' zist]x.

\ [tr] execute ['eksikju:t], expect [iks'pekt], next [nekst]

42 41

6. HEnPOlr3HOCilMblE COffACHbIE resrgn3reign4sovereign4aligntbenign5cognac5feignt

saw5lnome5malign5poignant5diaphragm5paradigm5phlegm6

hourryeahrvehicle2exhaust3honest3honour3ehaexhibitahefuaannihilatesdahlia5exhortskhaki5rhyme5silhouette5vehement5autobahn6catarrh6nihilism6pariah6

frr'zannf[rern]['scwrn][a'larn][br'nam]['kc(/ou)njek] KoHbnK

yxoplTbBoTcraBKyqapLtnonarmecynepennufiBbrpaBHHBaTbCq

Mr.uroqrusltfi

clrMyJrr,rpoBaTbpa3beAaTb

rHOM:rorpegnrrfiureMsrqufiueu6paHanapaAr4rMa

Qnernaaruuuocrr

qac

(crcape.) gaSKIIII:DK

rr3rrypflTbqecffDtrlII@THOCTb

a? qro?

noKzt3bIBaTbHACIICAHIdK

yHI{IITOXaTb

reoprHHyBerrleBaTbxaxr (user)CTIiD(

cr{,ny3TnencronrrfiaBTOsrpaAaKaTapH}IT}iII}I3M

ornepxeuHrtfi

THIIJHHA..

Heroroprre conracHbre BcerAa rl;rtl AocraroqHo qacro HeqrrraK)Tcr r 6yxnocoveraHr{trx onpeAeJreHHoro rrryra. }tu coqe-Tanvs. noJre3Ho 3Harb, oco6eHno ecJrl{ BapuaHT qreHltt npaK-Tr{qecKr{ ucqeplbrBaer Bce cnyqau (raxue 6yrnocoueraHnanoMerreHbr r.trAexcou nb):

debt2doubt2subtlea

campaignldesign'foreign'signt

AOnrcoMHeBaTbctyronveunnft

KAMIIAHII'

npoeKruHocrparnrnft3HAK

[fern]Inc:]['noum][ma'larn]['pcrnjant]['darafrem]['peradarm]ffleml

h=[]

['aua]Ue"l['vi:ftI][rg'zc:st]['crust]['cna]lerl[rg'zbtt]leal[a'nanlert]['detlja][Ig'zc:t]['kc:(/re)kr][rarm][,srlu'et]['vi:amant]['c:toubo:n][ka'to:]['nauhzn][pa'raIa]

!bonl

bt = [t]

Idet][daut]Isrtl]

B*n,m=[n,m]

[kam'pern][dr'zarn]['fc(:)rrn][sarn]

t l - l

:aA2K".\

Heuoftcornacnrrfi

b c k n p

6yrnoco-qeTaHu-' -mb', bt -gnor gm kno- -mno F Pt' Pn

44 45

rhapsody6rheumatism6rhinoceros6rhombus6

['repsadr]['ru:matzm]Iralncsqrqz]['rcmbas]

kn- = [n]

paIIcoAHt

peBMaTH3M

HOCOpOf

porvr6

3HATb

KOJICHO

HOX

cTyKpbrrlapbBt3aTb

y3encHopoBKa

$opnanponarrCTO'Tb HA XOJICHff

IIINIIIKA

cycTaB rftlJlbrla

oceHbcror6, cror6eqnpoKjrrTr.resaxHufiTI,IMH

Mr,rHa, 6ou6nrrBJIC3ATb

'THEHOKKoH€lrHocrb (awn. ).

BETKA

6onuuofi rraJrerlrpe6eHr; corrr

knowrknee3knifesknock3knightaknitaknotaknack5knead5kneel5knob5knuckle5

nou]ni:lnarflncklnart]nrtlnctlnreklni:d]ni:l]ncblnnkll

-mn = [m]

[ 'c:tam]['kclam]Idrm][ 'sclam][hm]

-mb = [m]

[bcm]Iklam][rem]Im]

[0r'm][koum]

autumn3column3damnasolemnahymn5

bomb2climb3lambalimba

thumbacombs

46 47

crumbsdumb5numbsplumb5plumber5succumb5tomb5womb5

@up2corpsacupboardareceiptapneumonia5psyche5raspberry5pneumatic6psalm6pseudo6pseudonym6

island2debrisaisleaaisle5viscount5

oftenrlisten2mortgage2castle3

Ikr,rm]ld^mlInam]lpl,unl['pl,una][sa'km][tu:m][wu:m]

p=[]

[ku:]ll<rll'kobqdlIrr'si:t][nju:'mounja]['sarkr]['ro:(/a)zb(a)rr][nju:'mretrk]Iso:m]['sfi)u:dou]['sfi)u:darum]

s=[]

['arland]['derbri:]Iarl]larll['varkaunt]

t=[ ]

lcfnlIhsn]['mrEfi]['ko:(/e)sl]

KporrrKaueuofi, rrrynufioneuenrrfiOTBECBOAOIIpOBOffrlrKycrynaTL

MOrItIIarIp€Bo

y4a.rHufi xo4Koprryc6y0erKBIITAIilIE

BOCIIZIJICHIIC JIETKID(

Ayrua, AyxII/IAJI}IIIA

nnesMarnrecKufiICAJIOM

nceBAo-IICEBAOHIIM

ocTpoBOCKOJIKT,I

ocTpoBnpoxoABUKOt{T

qacro

cnymarb3aruraA3AMOK

balletapostponeawhistleabouquet5bristle5depot5fasten5glisten5hastenjhustle5

jostlesnestle5rapport5rustlestsar5waltzswrestlesapostle6argot6croquet6denouement6epistle6parquet6pestle6

['brelet][pous'poun][wrsl][bou(/u:)'ker][bnsl]['de(/i:)pou]['fo:(/e)sn]Ighsn]Ihersn]Ihml]

[$csl][nesl][re'pc:]Irrsl]fzo:l[wc:ls]Iresl][e'pcsl]['o:gou]['krouker][der'nu:mcn]Ir'prsl]['po:ker][pesl]

6anerorcpoqr.rrbcBltcr6yreTIIIETHHA

Aeno; cKrraAnpncTenIBaTbcBepKaTbTOponr,ITbCtnoAroHtTb,TOpO[I{Tb

AABKAylo6uoycrpon:n'cr

cBt3b, corJlacneIxopoxrlapbBAJIbC

6oponcranocToJraproKpoKerpa3BffiKaIOCJIAHI{C

napKernecTI,IK, TOJIOT{b

7. AHf nnffcrre rnAcHblE 3BvKl'l

Kax yxe orMeqzulocb, pil3Jrl'Iqufl 3ByrraHI'It anu'"""r^ a"r-

KoB onpeAeJrtrc)Tcf,, ilpexAe Bcero, o6teuou ra Qoprtaofi peue-

BOrO pe3oHaropa, 3aBI{CtquMn B cBolo oqepeAb or

rroJroxeunt t3blKa, ry6, nuxnefi qelrocrn vr.A.

48 49

3ryn llpuuep

lo,l car lko'l[*] act [ekt]

lad rny Imar][au]* oat Iaut]lel ,EI Inet]Ie4 say Iser]eel* oote Ikea]

frl tfrtlI t3 tmi,l

ral neat [rua]

3syx llpnuep

[c]* lot Ict][ou]* no Inou][c'] ,nore [mc']

lc4 boy lbc4[u]* book lbukl[u:] you [iu'][ua]* poor lpual[a']* girl [ga,l]

t^l fun tf^nllal fcther ['fc:da]

* 3nyru, noMeqeHubre n ra6nnqe 3Be3AoqKofi, uoryr B Apy-roM Bapr{aHre aHrrnficroft rpaHcKpr{[u.ru o6ogna.rarrcsI,IHAqC:

u=uJ=D

a:= 3:

au=auea =ee =3aou=auua=ue

MonoQroHrn r gnQroxrrflo npusuaxy cra6ulrHocru aprnKynrquu aur nuftctcue

rJracHbre Aensrcfl ua uoHoQrorrn n AuSronrn. flocne4Hue sa-rrncblBarorc{ B TpaHcKp}rlq}rflx AByMr QoHern.recrfiMr,r 3HaKa-un: [er], [ar], [cr], [au], [ou], [ra], [ea] n [ua].

flpu npousHeceHrrr.r uono$roHra pe.renofi aflrapar coxpa-Hrer HeKoropoe QnxcrapoBaHHoe noJroxeHue. flpu npou3He@-Hnn 4rQronra opraubr pequ 3aHr{Maror noJroxeHne 4lr nepnofiero qacrlt LI, (IrJraBHo cKoJrb3g)), nepexoAtr xo nropofr cocraB-rctoqefi. flpr srou 4r,rSronr [polr3HocnTcfl KaK e4nHrrfi snyx.flepnufi uacnrrfi gsyK Au$roHra HecKoJrbKo BbrAeJrrercs 6om-urefi AnurenbHocrbK) r,r ortrerJrlrBogrbro, aropoft - 6onee xpar-

Kr.rfi, cna6blituneraxofi rpomonl. Ho xparrui u orpurucruftsryx [r] n gu0rronrax HeJrb3t 3aMeHtrb na [ft].,{44 eroro na4ocJIeAfiTb, .no6rr KoHtIuK t3blKa He KoI{Ta(TupoBaJI c HIDKH}IMI'I

sy6auu.

fl,onrora rnacnHxO.IeHr saxnofi oco6ennocrblo angll{ficrux rracHblx sB-

Jrflercr Ex pa3Jlqne no Aonrore. ,(oarora 3ByKa B TpaHc-

Kpr{uIIHtx o6ogna.Iaerct ABoerollueM, crotlql{M oKono

coorBercrByroqero Soneru'recroro 3rlaKa. B pyccxou t3blKe

.rIoJIroTa rJracHblx He tBJrteTcfl cnoBopa3Jlltq[TenbHblM rIpU-

3HaKoM, uogroMy x nefi He BcerAa orHoctrct c AoJIxHbtM

BHlrMaIrueM. B anrnuficKoM t3blKe ouru6xn B AJllrreJrbgocru

uracHblx Moryr KopeHHbIM o6paaor''r Hapyluarb cMbIcJr' no-

cKonbKy rIpI{BOAflT K nporI3BoJIbHbIM nOAMeHaM npo}l3Ho-

cl{Mbrx clor. 9yncrBo AoJIrorbI rJracHbrx oAI'IH:lxoBo BaxHo

w Nrfl. QopuuponaHnt pa3roBopnblx HaBbIKoB' vt Ms HaBbI-

KOB npaBuJrbHoro IIoHnMaHufl peqn.

,[orrota rJIacHbIx, KaK I'I ux KaqecrBeHnble xapaKTeplrc-

THKLI, HecKoJrbKo Bapbl{pyerct B 3aBI{cI{MocrH or ycnonufi

npo[3HeceHuc. CauuMH AonruMI{ tBJrtK)Tct rJracHbre 3ByKI4

B orKpblTblx cllorax. Te xe DracHbre 3ByKr{ nepeA 3BoHKHMII

corJIaCHhIMIr npoIt3HOCflTCS tlyTb KOpotIe' a [epeA rnyx]tMl',I

coilracHblMu elqe qyrb Kopoqe, Ho B nn6ou cnyqae AoJrrHe

rJracHble 3ByKll 3aMeTHO AJII{HHee KpaTKI'Ix.

50

Evarrcaucp [lct, YKOpOuc*Hstrl.r

' ' kgoko4nn ' ' .--

KnaccuQ nKal4,niaxrnr icx[x rnacHux 3ByxoB

OcnosHue npr{Hrl}rflbr xraccn$uxaqun aHrnuftcK]Ix MoHo-

SroHron orpaxeHbr Ha cxeMe crp. 52.B sasncnMocrl,I or noJloxeHlrfl r3brKa Bbr,qeJltlor rJracHble

rrepeAneno praa [i:, 4 e, E], flpu [poH3HeceHI,IH Koropblx reJros3brKa [poABr.IHyro BnepeA, KoHqr,rK r3brKa y\*lpaercs. B HHx-Hue sy6rt; HracHbre 3aAHeFo praa [c, c:, u:, u, rr] - rero t3blKaorrcHyro Ha3ar{, KoHTILIK t3blKa orxoAHT or HHxHHx sy6on,rJracHbre cMerrraHnoFo pflla [a:, a] - rsur paBHoMepHo flpuuoA-HflT. YT BC' CNHHKA S3bIKA JICXI,TT MAXCI,IMAJIbHO IIJIOCKO.

Cp"a" DracHbrx 3aAHero ptAa BblAentlor npol,t3HocltMble corpyrneHrenr ry6 (ra6Niuln3oBaHnble): [u:], [u], [c:], [c] u nep-Bbre oJreMeHrrr guQrorrron [ua], [ou], [cr].

fracrmre [i:], [r], [e], [e4, [ra] npousuocflrct c pacranyrbl-mn ry6arvur. AIs ocranrHhrx HracHblx: [n], [e], [a:], [a:], [a], araKxe nepBbIE 3JreMeHroB rurSrouron [aI], [au], [ea] xapaxrcp-Ho neftrpamnoe noJroxenue ry6.

flo srenernl noAbeMa f,3brKa B poroBofi nonocru uoHoQrou-rv [ensTcs. Ha Eb|coKne, cpeAHr|e r| H[3KIre.

,{.ne rnacrrrx Bbrcororo roADeMa [i:], [u:], [tJ, [u], Hu]3bIBa-eMbrx erqe 3anpf,,rrhrMn, u nepBblx gJIeMeHToB prSrouron [ra],[ua] ocHonnas. vracna t3blKa noAH]IMaerct BbIcoKo n potonoiNOJIOCTI,I.

3nyx [u] 3naqnreJrbHo Kopoqe pyccroro [y]. Iy6rr uyruoKpynrrrorct, Ho He BblTtrlrBax)rcfl,. I4s-ga orrflHyroro Ha3aAfl3brKa [u] urraeer xax 6u utadr;.it orrolocor [rt].

.{nr nponrHeceuns AoJrrofo 3ByKa [u:] ry6u HaAo oKpyr-nHTb cnJrbHee, rro cpaBHeHr{Io c [u], no He BbITtrI{Barr. Por npu-orKpbrT MeHbrrre, a r3brK oTTtHyr crulbHee, verra glr [u].

flpn nponrHeceHr{}r 3ByKa [i:], aonroro, KaK B cJIoBe il-uryutKa, ry6rr pacrrrlrBarc)Tct, rax 6ygro n ylu6re. Konquxr3brKa HaxoAr.rrcr y Hr{xHr{x sy6on. Cpe.qnsq qacrb {3bIKa npn-NO]IHflTA.

3syK [r] 6oree Klxrror(, xax 6esyAapHoe [n] B croBe uapa.Konqur r3brxa HeMHoro orrtnyr or HI,rxHI,Ix ry6on. fy6u pa-crrrryrbr MeHbrue, qeM AJrr [i:], a por npuorKpblT lrrupe.

5l

KnaccnQrKaqneaxrnnicxnx rnacHbtx 3BYKoB

(ctwcauu notca ntt HanryBneHrn 6pwxn PIOTa{oB)

st3eg=ti ;

THE-

a!Burcoxrai 3 EnoAbeM

CpegxufrnoAbeM

u:

[snFanr

\- CPacrnnYrumrq@rr

&-{4xHq9

{en&Tb

HneruifioAbeM

c:c o:

t l

flepegHripeA

npolFhHyT Bnepea,

sHxa y cHoBaHxg

3v6oB )

3aAHufrpeA

""s1il:?;-"OTXqAN fr Hfrffi3y6oB )

flpn nponsueceul{n cpeAnrx uacHhD(: [e], [a:], [a], [c:] u

rrepBbrx eJIeMeHToB gnsronron [er], [ou], [ea] ocrrornaflvracca

f,3brKa pacfloJraraerct B cepeAlrue poronoft noJrocru' cpeAHtf, ]r

3AIJd[s, qacTH fl3blKa paBHoMepHo noAHflTbI.

flpu npoueHeceHun 3ByKa [e] rouvur HaxoA]rrct y ocHo-

BaHvflHrxHI{x ry6oo, cpeArrnt cnuHt<a s3brKa Bur[6aercs sne-

52

peA n KBepxy, Ho He cJruruKoM BbIcoKo. 9ror rnyr HeMHoronoxox Ha pyccrnfi snyx [e] B cnoBax smom, 4eno. Ectu nzstr6yaer Kacarbc.s HrrxHr.rx sy6on, [t] u [e] npeBparsrcfl B pyc-cxHe [n] u [e], a ecJrr,r r3brK cJrr,rrrrKoM orrrnyrb or Hr,rxHtrxry6ou, re xe [r] n [e] nepefiayr B pyccKue [rr] u [s].

flpu npousHe€Hr,ru [a:] nnocxuft nsrrx cJrerKa npr,trro.{Hf,T,KoHqHK r3brKa Kacaerc.s ocHoBaHuf, HTDKHHx ty6on, ry6u Ha-fipf,xeubr r{ pacrrnyrbr, rr1/Tb orKpbrBar sy6rr, oco6eHuo npurrpor{3HeceH[n sroro 3ByKa nocJre [w] n cnonax rufla world

[wa:ld] ^,tup, eceneHuan, work [wa:k] pa6oma. B pyccror'r r3brKe

roxoxero 3ByKa uer. AurruqaHe npor.r3Hocrr rryx [a:] n rtao-MeHT 3arpyAHelarz,s.c orBeroM. Mrl s raKr,rx cnyqarx (Mbrrrr.rM):

[ut"t...].flpn nponsueceHru{ neftrpa.rrruoro 3ByKa [a] ry6u Haxo-

LflTcfl, n HefirpanrHoM noJroxennu. On BcerAa 6erygapuuft,cauufi xoporrufi s aHrrr.rficroM r3brKe, nepeA cornacuuun [n]r.r [] vacro soo6rqe ucrre3asr. Moxer HMsrb orreHKu B 3aBucn-MOCTH OT BJrI,{lH]dl. COCeAHXX 3ByKOB, B HaqiUIe rUru C€peAr,rHecJroBa r{acro Ha[oMHHagT oqeHb xparrufi [a:], Ha KoHrIe cJroBnoxox na [r]: colour, after.

Hnrrcre rrracubre (orxprrrre): [,r], [e], [o:], [c] u nepBbre3JreMeHrbr AnQroHron [cr], [ar], [au] nporaruocflrcr rpr{ Hr.r3-KoM noJroxeH[r.r r3brKa n poronofi noJrocru.

3nyx [re] B orJrnqne or [e] npou3Hoclrrcr rplr MaKcr.rMaJrb-HO OTKpbTTOM nOJrOXeHr4n pfiA, Hr,rXHgr qeJrrOCTb CJrerKa Oly-rrleHa. flo ArurerbHocrr.r :nyr [a] 6oree gomnfi, ueu [e]. On3aHr,rMaeT [poMexyToqHoe noJroxeHr,re MexAy AoJrnMr,r r,r Kpar-KHMH IJIACHbIMH.

Cronr xe orKpbrroe noJroxeHr,re pra xapaKTepHo r,r AJrr 3By-xa [c], HanoMr.rHaroqero oqeHb KparKoe pyccxoe [o], uo ropa3-Ao 6onee orKphrroe. Fy6u crerxa oKpyrneHbr, xorr Bnep€A HeBbrrf,r'r.rBalorcc. KoH.il{K t3blKa oroABnrryr or HHxHLrx sy6or,a 3a4'lss. cnHHKa cJrerKa [punoAHrTa.

flpu nporcueceHlrn AoJrroro uracHoro [c:] pacrnop pra yxe,qeM Arr [c], ry6u oKpynreHbr, Ho He Bbr[rqeHbr. 3aansfl cnr{H-Ka s3brKa [oAHuMaercr Bbrrle, rreM Arr [c]. Hennr npon3Ho-cnrb gTor 3ByK c Haq:urbHbrM rrpr{3ByKoM [y], xaparrepHbrM

53

Anr pyccKoro [o], nosTOMy t3bIK HaAo orrflHyrb Ha3aA' a ry6bl

3HaqLITeJrbHo oKpyHrI{Tb.

flpn npourHeceHl4l'I3ByKa [o:] ropenr f,3blKa orrflHyr Ha-

3aA H BHI{3, 3ByK I{Aer us rny6uHrr ropJra' HarloMuHaer 3ByK'

npor,r3Hocl,Itrlufi npn ocMorpe ropna BpaqoM. 'flgHx JIexI'Ir

oqeHbHI, I3KOBopTy'KoHqI{K'3bIKaoTTrHyToTHI{xHI{x3y-6os.

3nyr [l] 3HarrttreJlbHo Kopoqe pyccKoro [a] ra uanoulrHaer

6ery,uapnoe [a] n cnorax e[a]da, d[a]na. flpousHocllrcs Kpar-

Ko Lr orpblBl,Icro, KaK 6rr crsogr sy6u. -flgrrx HeMHoro oroABI4-

rryr Ha3aA. Pacc'rosHne MexAy rlerlocrtMn MeHbIIre' qeM npu

lpoI,I3HeceHuN [o:].flacHrre 3ByKIC, KaK I,I COmacHbIe, noABepxeHbl BJIIIf,HIIIC)

co cropoHbl 6lnxafiruero oKpyxeHnr. Hanpnuep, lnyx [a] n

crroBax hand fhe,ndf py *o u land [land] 3eilwt 3Byql{r rlo-pa3-

HOMy, IOCKOJIbKy, HaXOAtcb Bo BTopOM CnyqaelB OKpyxeHI{H

,rJrbBeontpHblx coilracHbD(, peiurbHo OH TOXe [p0]I3HOCHTC' C

KoHTIHKoM t3blKa, HaxoAtIqI'IMcs g o6racrl'I zulbBeoJr, a He y

HlrxHlrx sy6on. Ananorraqno conracHbre 3ByKI.I [OABepXeHbI

BJrrcrHHIo co cropoHbl DIacHbIx. B crosax two ft]u.f dea u tea

Iti:l uail lnyr [t] HMeer pa3JrnqHble orreHKI'I I'I3-3a nocneAylo-

qux ra6Hanl,t3oBaHHoro [u:] u npou3uocl'IMoro tc pacrtHyrbl-

run ry6arr,ru [i:].Bonpocrr orpa6otxn HIoaHcoB npoIt3HoIIreHI{t oyKBoco-

.reranufi BblxoAtr 3a paMKI'I AaHHoro noco6n.e, Ho HyxAalorcs

s csoeft Aone BHuMaHus, Ha nporflxeHull Bcero npoqecca o6y-

qeHr{r. Kgtartl, A}IKII}II y MHorux He6esynpeuHa I'I Ha poAHoM

r3blKe.

8. nPABl4nA HTEH]'|9 rnACHblXB OTKPbITOM 1,I 3AKPbITOM T}INAX CNOTA

Hau6olee qacro Bcrpeqanuvluucg' [paBuJraMI{ qreHHq

anunficxnx DracHbrx sBlrroTcr rrpaBI{IIa ru( qTeHl{jf, B rleTblpex

THIIaX cJIOfa.

54

I rnn c.lora(rarpurxft)

2 nrn c;rora(orxpuruf,) 3 rnn grora 4 rnu c.nora

a lel cat, man le4 name [q,] car, art leel care

e lel end, get ti,l be, he la'l her Ira] here

i(y) t'1 big, kitmyth la4

line,my le'l

girl,myrtle Iara]

hire,tyre

o lcl hot, dog loul nO, gO lc,l fonn lc'l more

a t^l cup, but [0)u'] rule la'l burn [0)ua] cure

Fnacrue i u y rn-nrrotcr KaK 6rt.qy6rupypqr,rMr{ ApyrApyra (n currcne rpaBr{Jr nx.nennr). Eyroa y BcrpeqaerccnpenrvfyrqecrBeHHo Ha KoHrIe crroB, a 6yxaa i - n cepeaHHe cJroBr{ npaKTEqecKrr HxKorAa Ha KoHrIe.

I . An$anurHoe qreHrre, T.e. npor{3Horrrexr.re, coorBersrBy-loqee Ha3BaHlrKr 6yrnu a aa$aarre, Hracuhre HMeror Jrr{trrb BoBToIpM Tr.[Ie cJrofa, xotoprrfi Ha3blBaercr raKxe orKpbrrhrM,[ocKoJrbKy oH 3aKaurlnBaercr rnacnofi.

2. Clot qaHoBnrcr 3aKl)brrbrM (nepnuf, rnn), ecnu 3a Hrac-uofi cre.{yror oAHa rrlrfi HecKoJrbKo cornacHrrx 6yrr.

3. B unorocJloxHbrx cJIoBax no npaBl{,Jrau anranicxorocJIOrOAeIreHUfl, OAHa COrJIaCHat, OKa3aBrIIItCb Ha rpaHruIe CJrO-roB MexAy r{nTaIouIHMHCr fJIaCHhrMrr, OTXOA}IT K nOCneAyIO-ureMy cJrory. Haupurvrep, B crroBe kd |ndl rurpeHb, conracH:rcd ornocnrcr K nepBoMy n eAr,rHcrBeHHoMy cnory, (€aKpbrBafl)ero. B ciroBe lady l'lefiil nedu ra xe couracHar orHocr.rrcr KoBropoMy cJrory, a neprufi ocraercr orKpbrrbrM.

4. Ec.rm Ha rpaHr{qe cJroroB orixtbrBaK)Tcr gne u 6olee co-rJracHbrx, To no rpaftnefi Mepe oAHa lr3 HHx o6rgarenrso or-xoAHT K npelbrAyrqeMy cnory, Aerras. ero 3aKpbrrstu: splenldid['splendrd] npeeocxoduali. 3ro Kacaeltcs ]r cJqrraeB, KorAa co-r{eraHr.r.s corJracHbrx Aatclr nr{rrrb oAr{H 3ByK: funby ['frtnr] :c-5 ae Hotil, t ic|F, e t [' trkrt] 6wtem. f parulqa cnoroB rorAa rpoxoAnrxax 6rr nprMo ro 3ToMy 3ByKy. flpegureonyrcqnft cnor cra-

55

Vs bczx -rvlnob e,roro6 A, onpaAcla.A*o,nPc4noqurrrc oT(Pl,tTble !

HOBr{TC' 3aKpbITbIM, XOT' CaM 3ByK OTHOCITTCT K llocneAyroue-

My cnory.5. flepe.qaroqas Ar,a 3ByKa 6yrna x paccMarprBaerc's KaK

ABe conracnse boxer ['bcksa] 6orccep.6. Kouequas. :newafl, rJracHat e cnyxl{T Ans o6osna're-

HI,I'oTKpbITocTlIcJloroB'oKaHqI,IBaIouIuxc'corJIacHbIMI'made lmetdf cdenauo. Eyrna e B KoHIIe cJIoBa quTaerct roJlb-

Ko rorAa, KorAa oHa tBJrterct eAlancrBennofi rnacsoil. be

lbi:) 6amt.- 7. 3uy* [fi)u:] nocne rruntrqrx' comaorofi r H co'rsraHuft

corJlacHblx, oKaHqlrBalouluxct na l, npouaHoclltct [u:]: blue

fblu:l eony6oil, rule fru:ll npaeua, shoot lJu:tl cmpennmt' B oc'

TzuIbHhIx cnyqatx qaIIIe Bcrpeqaercr [u:]: few ffltt:l HeJwHo7o'

zse [iu:s] notbsa.B arr,repr,rxancKoM Baprrarrre arrnruicxoro t3blKa

rnyr [iu;] Bcrpeqaerct cyulecrBeHno pexe' ueu n 6pnraHcKoM'qro B npnBoAuMblx Aanee rpaucKpl'Imusx o6ogna'raerct KaK

[fi)u'].8. Cnoru, 3arcpbrrble cornacnoft r uu 6yrnocoqeranr'ItMn

r+cornacHat, BbIAeJItIorct B orAeJbHufi, rpernf, Tt|n cllora' c

oco6rruu npaBI{naMI{ qreHus. B 4nycloxnblx cJIoBax [pI'I He-

cKoJIbKI{xcoUlacHblx'HaqnHaIo[IHxc'cr'HafpaHlrqecJIofoB'r orxoAr{T K npeAruecrBylolrleMy cJrory' ocrarlbHhle - K rIOCJre-

AyrouleMy (rrlnuar cnfrau 'z'): Gerfman ['d5a:manl ueueq,

porlridge 1' pntrrfil Kawt.9. Haxoneq, ecJru He[ocpeAcrBeHHo rlocJre r' 3aKpbrBalo-

ulefi cJtor, cneAy€lr cHoBa rJlacuafl, o6pasyercr otxpursrft

56

cnor qerBeproro r[na. Ecnn oAna 6yrna r cror{T Ha cJroro-noft rpannqe B ABycJroxHhrx cJIoBax, To rro o6rqervry npaBr.r-ny cJroroAeJleHr,rr oHa oTxoAHT K nocJreAyrouleMy cJrory, HoflBlrfleTos, flpu sTOM [OKa3aTeJreM qTeHI,Ir npeAluecTByrcqefirlacnoft no npaBr{naM cJIoroB qerBeproro rr.rna: staring['stea-rrg] nprcuil.

10. flpannna qreHur orKphrrhn( cJronoB 2 u 4 rsnos r{MerorAoBonbHo MHoro [cKIIK)qeHI,Ifi, racarouqnxct MHonocnoxnuxsrroB, B KoTopbD( IJracHbre B yKa3aHHbrx cnorax qr.tTaroTct IIorpaBruraM cironoB 3aKpbrrono nrna (cu. crp. 107).

I l. Corracnar r flocJre nracHbrx B cJlorax rperbero [r rrer-Beproro rnna B 6puraHcroM BapI{aHTe auunftcxoro s3brKaHe qr.rraercr. O4naxo, ecnr{ cJreAyrcrqee cJroBo Haqr{Haercr cuacuofi, KoHeqHbre (HeMbIe) -t wrn -re nepecraror 6rrrl ra-KoBbrMr.r: to take care offta'terk 'kear av) sa1omumocn.B av.e-pr,rKaHcKoM BapI{aHTe corJracHat r qr,rTaeTcr BcerAa.

12. hacnue e, i, y u u B cJroril( Tperbero rr{na AarcT oAr,rH Hror xe soyr [a:], a ux qreHne B crrorax qerBeproro rr,rfla JrefKonoryqaercr ras an$anraruoro 4o6anJreHr{eM :nyra [a].

13. Fnacnas o B cJrorax rperbero u qerBeproro rutra qura-ercr oAuHaxono [c:].

14. EyxrocoqeraHnr -er (-re) B KoHue cJroB, Aaroulue oAnHH ror xe rnacuufi rnyr [e], paccMarpnBarorcr KaK HracHar,orKpbrBaroqar npeAbrAyrquft cnor: metrc [' mi:ta] uemp. flo-Ao6nrru csoficrsorr,t o6la,qaer u 6yrnocoveraHr{e -le n ronqec:l.os: table lterbl] cmor. CoHopnrrfi cornaorrrfi anyx [l],6mtsruft no xapaKTepl{crr.rraM 3ByqaHnr K rJIacHbrM, BbIc-'rynaer n nogo6nux cnyqarx B KaqecrBe cloroo6pa3yroqe-fo rJlacHoro.

-le ruu -re, ((orKpbrBarcrq[eD rrpeArrrecrByroqnft cnor

abletstable2table2title2cable3

[erbl][stetul][terbl][tartl]lketul]

cnocooHbrHKOHIOI,IIH'

cron; TaonHrla3ArJIABI,IC

KAOEJIb. KAHAT

57

cycle3Bibleaidlearifleastapleabridle5cradle5fable5maple5stifle5trifle5ac:re3metre3fibreasabresogre6mitrenitre

Ho!litre4

[sarkl][barbl][ardl][rarfl][stetpl][bratdl][krerdl][etbl][merpl]lstarfllItrarfl]['erka]['mi:ta]['farba]['sefta]['ouga]['marta]['narta]

['li:ta]

UIIKJI, BCJIOCHTIEA

6u6nuc,rerunrui, HesaHrrrnZBI,IIITOBKA

ocHosHoftagraqHTbccronrr6enr6acssKJICH

AyIr[{Tb; 3aMflTb

rrycTtKarp (0,4ra)Merp; pa3MepBOJIOKHO

ca6nsnroAoeAMUTpa

ceJrrfrpa

nI{Tp

B3pOCJrbIlI

6ucrpuft, xpyrofrnyTeIIrecTBUeKncJrora, eArnfr

B prae clon 6yxnocoqeraHl'Is, Qopualrxo cBrsloquect

cJIOTaMI,IOTKpbITOTOI{JrI'I3aKpblToroT}tna'qnTaloTctlHarre'gacro noAo6nrre flBrer^r4fl xapaKTepHbl Anq onpeAerleHHblx

Tr,rnoB 6yxuocoueranuit, Koropble llMeer cMbIcJI 3arIoMHI{Tb

cneur{aJlbHo.

15. ao,*o..no. = [€) have[hev], value ['ve]ju:],panic ['Prentk], atom ['etam]

adult2rapid2travel2acid3

['eddt]['rreprd][travl]['restd]

5859

habit3panellplanetltalentrcabinachapeladragonafamineafragileaglamourahazardalavishamanorasaladasavageavalidavanish{wagonaagile5avidsbanish5baron5basilsbaton5camel5canon5carat5carolsfacet5granite5grave15havoCmadamsmalice5pageant5palettesplacard5

['hebrt][penl]['plerut]['talant]['kebrn]['Sepel[drregn]['fremrn]['freftar(/a)l]['glema]['hezedl['lavrJ]['mena]['selad]['sevrfi]['vehd]['vrenrfl['wegan]['rdar(/a)l]['evrd]['benrfl['beran]lbr.zll['betan]['kemal]['kanan]['karat]['kreral]['fresr(/e)t]['grrenrt]['grreval]['hevak]['mredam]['mahs]['peSant]['pelrt]['plreko:d]

npr.rBbrqKaTIAHCJIb

NJIAHETA

TIUIAHT

6yaxaIIACOBH'

ApaKoHroJroAxpynxufior{apoBaHneonacHocTb, pHcKqe4pufi

noMecTbeCAJTAT

COUpenr,tfrAeficrsurertrHrlfir{cqe3aTbTCJICTA

npoaopuuftaii.rHHfiI,I3TOH'Tb

6apoHoBrrr.rHa; rpaHbxean, gy6uHranep6no4[paBr{.JroKaparCJIABI{Tb

Qacerra, fpaHbrpaHHTrpanuftorrycTorxeHr4ecyAapbrl{t:ro6a3pennIIIe[:rnI,ITpaIINAKAT

placidsravage5satin5scavengdstatic5stature5statutestacit5tavern5traverse5

['plesd]['raud5]['satrn]['skreun$]['stetrk]['ste$a]['stafu:t]['trestt]['trevan]['treva:s]

['demfia][rernfi][strernd5]['ernftal][weIst]['helstt]['perstrr][perst][bers]['$emba]['hertnd]['per(/e)tnat]['pertran]['serkrrd]['erprrkct]['erpran]['flergrant]['frergrant]['mertrrks]['mertran][swer(/o:)d]['skerdtn]

6egnqrexHbIfiorrycToIIreHI,IeATJIACy6raparr Mycop

crartlqecxldl

$nrypa3AKOHiaonqanllerrfiTaBepHanep€ceKaTb

gfuaIfe6craft3draft3aftermath4shaftaaf't5daft5graft5raft5halveacalfscalve6palmoalmond5bakn5quahn5gIant2chantaenchant5slantssupplant5advancdchancellor2dance2enhance3glanceslance5nuanc€strance5avalanche5

[Sr'ro:fl[kro:ft][dro:ft]['o:ftamo:O][Jo:ft][o:ft][dc:ft]Igro:ft][ro:ft][ho:v][ko:fl[ko:v][po:m]['o:mand][bo:m][kwo:m][gro:nt][fo:nt][m'fc:nt][slo:nt][sa'plo:nt][ad'vc:ns]['Sc:nsala][do:ns][m'ho:ns][glo:ns][o:ns]['n(i)u:o:ns]Itro:ns]['avalo:nfl

17. a-_-o. = [o:] after ['o:fta], half [ho:fl, calm [ko:m],plant [plc:nt], chance [fo:ns],branch [bro:n$], command [ka' mo:nd],mash [mo:sk], gnsp [gro:sp], class ftlo:s],past [pc:st]

16. a-"'.*o,= [eI] change [fernd5], taste [terst],. April ['erPnl]

danger2rang€strange2angelawaste2hast/pastryapaste5bass3chamber3hatredapatriot4patron4sacredaapricot5apron5flagrant5fragrantsmatrix5matron5swathe5scathing5

neqeHbe

TECTO6ac

onacHocTb

AHana3oH.ryxauftAHTCJI

IIycTbIrulnocneumrrfi

II'UIATA

HCHABUCTb

naTplroTnoKpoBlrTeJrb

csrrofia6puxoc,<[apryxcranAarrrufiapouaruuftMarpHr{aSKOHOMKA

6 nrosarbeAxuft, perxnfi

xlrpa0peMecnoqepfl,rTb

nocJreAcTBr,re

ApeBKoHa KOpMe

c.na6oyuuufiqepeHoK

IIIIOT

AenIlTb nonoJraM

TeJreHoK;r{Kpa (Horn)

TCJIITTbC,trTI{IJIbMA; JIAAOHb

MI{HA:IJIb

6anrgauTOIIIHOTA

rrpeAocTaBnrTbTIECHONEHIIE

oqapoBblBarbCKJIOH

BbITEC}IflTb

IIpoAB[rxeHLreKaHrlnepTAHEII

TIOBbIUIATb

6ucrpufi B3fJrrANI{KA

OTTCHOK

3Kqrit3

\ABI,'-}IA

60

blanchsranch5demandtremandsreprimand5slander5askrtask2basketabask5flask5cask6gaspoclaspsraspshasp6passlglass2grass3brassalastlcastzfast2master2blast3contrast3vast3bastardacaste4nastyaghastly5mast5pastor5pastoralspasture5plastersfathcr'

[blo:nflIro:nfl[dr'mo:nd][n'mo:nd]['repnmo:nd]['slo:nda]Io:sk][to:sk]['bo:sktt][bo:sk]flo:skl[ko:sk][go:sp][klo:sp][ro:sp][ho:sp][po:s][glo:s]Igro:s][bro:s]Io:st]Iko:st][fo:st]['mo:sta][blc:st]['kcntro:st][vo:st]['bo:stad][ko:st][ 'no:std['go:sth][mo:st]['po:sta]['po:staral]['po:s$a]['plo:sta]['fc:da]

6erurrQepuarpe6onauueAOCneAOBaHLTe

BbrroBopKNCBETA

c[paurI{BaTb3aAarlaKOp3lrHarperbcff (sa colsqe)

Qmxra6oqxayAylxbe

3acrexKa; o6'scrne.pamnlIJIb

3anop,3acrexKafipoxoA, flponycK

CTEKIOTpaBa

JraTyHbnosreAnuft6pocor6rrcrpufiX03flLIH

nopbrB (nerpa)KOHTpaCT

o6nnpnrrftnHe6pavurrftKASTA

nporuanufiyxacHufiMAqTA

IIacropnacropa"nruuftnacr6nIrIerrJlacrblpboreu

drama3sample3tomato4banalscadre5debacle5facade5gala5graph5khaki5lava5ma5macabre5mascara5panoramaspram5promenadessaga5scenario5Slav5soprano5spa5stratum5vasdamen6harem6

['dro:ma]['so:mpl][ta'mo:tou][ba'no:l]['ko:da][der'bo:kl][a'so:d]['gc:(/er)la][gro:f1['ko:kI]['lo:va][mo:1[ma'ko:bra][mes'kc:ra][,pena'ro:ma][pro:m][,prcma'no:d]['so:ga][sr'nc:(/e)rrou]Islo:v][sa'pro:nou][spo:]['stro:tam][vo:z(/vers)]['o:(/er)men]['ho:ri:m(/'heram)]

cJrerKa, BecbMaBaHHa, MhITbTporrr{HKa

ApaMao6paseqnoMr.r,qop6asalruuftragporufi cocraBpa3rpoM

Qacqg, napytorocrrnpas4rururuftAr.rarpaMMaxaxn (qner)JIABA

MAMA

xqnruftTyrrrb Anr pecHr.rqIIaHopaMa

AeTCKar KOJITCKaIIporyJrKac.ara

cqenapnftCJIAB'H}IH

conpaHoKypoprc.nofiBa3aAMHHb

rapeM

ratherlbath3path3

['ro:da]po:01[po:0]

B auepuxancKoM BaplaHTe npon3Horrrenvt B [pr{BeAeH-HbD( Bhrrre crroBax BMecro [o:] q-u"t"r [a]: staff [sto:(/a)fJnepcoruarfiT.n.

62

18. al + 6p = [c:l] talk [tc:k], call [kc:l],almost ['c:lmoust], salt [sc:lt]

walkrstalkabalk5chalksall'falllsmallrwall'ball2hallsinstall3tall3swallou/gallspall5scallop5wallet5wallow5almighty5almanac6alterlaltogether3halt3alternateaaltar5exalt5falter5malt5paltry5alsoralthough'alwaysrfalse3

[wc:k][strk][bc:(l)k][frk]Ic:l][c:l][smc:l][wc:l][bc:l][hc:l][rn'stc:l][tc:l]['swclou][srl]Ipc:l]['skc(/e)lep]['wclrt]['wclou]['c:l'maltr]['c:lmanak]['c:lta][,c:lta'geda]Ihc:lt][' c:ltanert(/c:l' ta:nat)]['c:lta][rg'zc:lt]['fc:lta][mc:lt]['pc:ltrr]['c:lsou][c:l'dou]['c:lwerz][frlsl

xoAHTbcre6enr6pycMEJI

BCe

naAarb

uareHrxniCTCHA

u-r.r; 6an3AJI

ycTaHaBnr{BaTb

srrcoxllft

ruIOTOKxeJrqb, ccaAlrlaoKyrbrBarbrpeSeurox (uopcrc.)

6yuaxnurBtUIfTbC'

rceuoryunfiKilJrelrAapbIt3MeHrTbCtBCeqeJronpr,rran; crofi!qepeAoBaTbcfl

npecronrrpeBo3HocETb

cIIoTbIKaTbctconoArrycraxorufiTAKXCxoTtBCerAa

Qartrmunufi

Ita'wc.dz(l' tc:rdz)l['wc:ta][a'wc:d][wc:m][wc:n]lwcJl[dwc:fl[swcmp][swcp]['wcnda][wc:d][ 'wc(:)rant]

yxacaTb

rncrrfirooxnft

B HanpaBJreHHr.rBOAaHarpaxlaTbrennrrrinpeAocreperarbMbITbC

Kapnr4K6onoroo6naenvsarrcq6poanrrrruraTaopAep

BOCK, CypryqBA)I(HI-ltIATb

3BeHeTb; [pHBKyC

ropogunuftB3MAX

appalabaldastalwart5

towardsrwaterlaward2warm2warnrwash3dwarfaswampaswapawande/wardawarrant4

waxoswaggerstwang5wacky5wa95

[a'pc:l][brld]['stc:lwat]

19. r"-*o.",o, = [wc(:)] want [wcnt], war [wc:], watch [wcS]

20. qua = [kwc] quarter['kwc:ta], qualify['kwchfar],squad [skwcd]

wa,o*o.no. = [we] (ucxlrc.reuur)

[weks]['swega]ltwenl['wrekdlwegl

qua = [kwc]

['kwclrr]['kwcntrtr]

quality2quantityl

3 Ne 2965

KaqecTBoKOJIHIICCTBO

64

21. -ar:e = [ea] share [Jea], care [kea] l3l

^_ + fn [ea(r)] parent['pearant], area ['earie]- + fr [rerlar] tariff['trerrfl, apparent [a'perant]

quarrelaquartetasquashaquadruple5quarantine5quarrysquash5squabble5squalid5squalor5squanderssquat5

acquaintsaquatic5equate5equatorsquailsquaint5quake5

Quaker5quaver5

various2vary3daringlfarewellawarya

['kwcral][kwc:'tet][skwcfl[,kwcd'ru:pl]['kwc(:)ranti:n]['kwcrr][kwcfl[skwcbl]['skwcltd]['skwcla]['skwcnda][skwct]

qua * [kwr]

[a'kwernt][a'kwettk][r'kwert][r'kwerta][kwerl]Ikwemt][kwerk]['kwerka]['kwewa]

ccopaKBaprgf

AaBr{TbyremepeuuuftKapaHTI,IH

KAMEHOJIOMH'

aHHynfipoBarb

nepe6pauray6orufiHI{IIIETApacrorlarb

Ha KOpTOqKaX

3HAKOMI,ITb

noAsHofiypaBHHBaTbsKBaTOpTpyq.rb; reperenueo6rrqnufiTprcTr.rcbKBaKepApoxaHI,Ie

x1*fr=[ea(r) ]

['vearlas]['vearr]['deartt:]['fea'wel]['wearI]

parnoo6pa:Hufil.tgrvreHsrr(cs)CMCJIOgTb

npoqaftre!ocropoxHufr

66 67

canarysgarish5rarity5scarys

car@r?apparent3charitysarenaaclarefparishasolidarityatarifFapparel5arid5aristocrat5arithmetic5

caress5caricature5chariot5clarity5harass5marinade5marionette5marital5parable5paragon5paralysesparameter5paramount5paraphernalia5parasite5parity5parody5

[ka'nearr]['geanfl['rearrtr]['skearr]

ar*I .n*[ea(r) ]

[ka'rra][a'perant]['fentr][a'ri:na]['klerat]['pen"[[,sclr'derrtr]['terfl[a'peral]['end]['rerrstakret][a'nOmrtrk][(/,en0'metrk)][ka'res][.kenka'fua(/ar)]['frerrat]['klerrtr]['heras][,men'nerd][,mena'net]['mentl]['prerabl]['peragan]['preralan][pa'rremrta]['peramaunt][,prerafa'nerlja]['parasart]['perrtr]['paradr]

xanapefixaKpnqaqe rpruftpeAXosrbxyncrd,nyuurufi

Kapbep; ycnexorrenr.lgnrrftMtrJrocepAr.reapeHaKpacHoe BlIHoqepxourni nplrxoAconr.rAapHocTbrapuQoAerHHecyxofiapHcToKpaTapuQrraerrxa

JracKa, JracKaTbKapr{KarypaKOJICCHHIIA

ccHocrbIBMATbIBATb

M.apvlraAMapHoHeTKacynpyxecrnfilpr,rfia

o6paseqnapanr'3oBaTbnapaMeTpsrrcumfinpuHaAnexHocTtrnapa3r.rTpaBeHcTBoIlapoAIds,

parole5transparent5vicarages

[pa'roul][trrens'pe(/e)rant]['vrkart$]

qecTHoe cnoBo

nporpauuufi.[oMlrJr]rAoJDKHOCTb

CB'IUEHHUKA

22. eo,*'.-o. = lel never ['neva], seven [sevn]'credit['kredrt]

evgfl

leveltrecordrsecondrvery'decade2media2

rebe12clever3desert3edit3medal3metal3venue3allegeacherubodevilaepicalegendalemonalev/meritapremiseorefugeorelishatenant4blemish5

['eva]Ievl]['rekc:d]['sekand]['ven]['deketd]['medra]

[rebl]['kleva]I'deza(le:)tl['edtt][medl][metl]['venju:]la'ledSl['{erab][devl]['epft]['led5and]['leman]['leu]['mertt]['premts]['refu:$]['reld]['tenant]

; ['blemtfl

xor4a-Hu6y.{rypoBeub, porustfipeKopA; 3arll{cbnropoftoqeHb, cauHfiAeKa,Aacpe4crna uacconofinnSopuarytuBO@TABATb

yuHufilycTblHfl

fi3llAB,atb

MeAanb

MCTAJIN

Mecro c6opayrBepxAaTbxepyBllMAbsBorsrmqecxrdnereHlaJrnMOll

c6op, n:nuarr3acJlyxlrBaTbrroMeuleHLIey6eruaqeBKyC, npunpaBacbeMuIHKII'THO

68 69

debit5deluge5denimsedible5fetish5pedal5petal5prelude5relic5resin5revel5severssterile5tenor5tepid5treble5tremor5venom5

['debrt]['delju:d5]['denrm]['edrbl]['fetrfl[pedl]lpetll['prelju:d]['rehk]['rennlIrevl]['seva]['sterar(/e)l]['tena]['teprd]Itrebl]['trema]['venam]

ae6gr3ATOIIII'Tb

x/6 rxaHrcreAo6nuftI,IAOJI

TICA'UIb

JIENCCTOK

BCTyrrJreHHe

penltKBr,rJrcMoJIa, ranuQolr[r,rpoBaTbpa3beAnHsrb6ecruoAHrrftTeHoprerutosarbrfirpofinoftApoxaHI,IegA, glo6a

npocroft, csHHfiBMCIIII,IBATbCC

ucxpeuHufiuIapnplrJrr{IIaTbcyponufinoJryrlapueBbrAepxHBaTbnotMTaTb

23. "**.-o.

= [r] pretty ['prrtr], secret ['si:krrt],cathedral

7 [ral here [hra], severe [sr'vra], atmosphere24. +re,

\ [r"] there [dea], where [wea], premiere

[mra][.mta'fia][srn'sra][sfia][ad'hra][cs'tra]['hemlsfia][,pa:sr'vra][n'vra]

mere3interfereasincereasphereaadheresaustere5hemisphere5perseverdreverd

, Ital

25. er +fn ;- t"l

' [a]

serious ['slenas], era ['rara],hero ['hlarou]cleric [' klerrk], inherit [rn ' herrt]empeior [' empara], referee [, refa' ri:]

er +fl = [ra] (cu. raKxe crP. 98)

cerealainherentaqueryazeroacoherent5ethereal5

ceremonysheraldaperennialacherish5derelictsgenericsheresy5numerical5periltperish5sherifF

reference3referendumsreverendasovereignacasserole5deference5

['srarral][rn'hra(/e)rant]['kwran]['zrarou][kou'hlarant][r'Orarral]

er+fr= [e]

['serrma(/ou)nd['hereld][pa'renjal]['ferd]['denltkt][dSr'nerIk]['herrst][nOu:'menkal]['perrl]['pen"f]['Jerfl

er+rn=[a] / [ l

['refrans][,refa'rendam]['revarand]['scwm]['kresaroul]['defrans]

xre6Hufi snaxnpucyuuficlpaurI,IBaTbHynbcssgHHfino:4yruurrfi

rIepeMoHLIf,B@THI{K

MgororgrHHfi

JICJIE'Tb

norurryrufto6utrafiepecbqaQponofio[acHocrbrn6HyrrruepuS

crlpaBKapeSepeuaptno.{reHrrlficynepeuHufiKacTploircyBaxeHHe

70

['lretaral]['makaral]I'meaneran)['vetarana(/e)rr]

26. io,"o.-o, = [i( :)] vbit ['uat], figure ['frg0a], finish ['furJ]

lateral5mackerelsmesmerizesveterinary5

6oxosoficxyu6pnnrfiruroTr4|r{poBaTbBerepuHapnt

city'liverminutelpolicercivil'?critiClimit2prison2rivedspirit2video2ski3vision3civicalinenalitrealivedpityoprestigeashiveratrioavicar4visa4vivid4chiselsclinic5cynic5digit5kiosk5

['srtr][rv]['mmrt][pa'li:s][swl]['krrtrk]['hmrt]lpnznl['rrva]['sprrrt]['vrdlou][ski:]['u5an]['srvrk]['lrrun]['li:ta]['lwa]['prtr][pres'ti5]['"|"rva]['tri:ou]['vrka]I'vizzel['vrud]tSzll['khnrk]['srnrk]['dr6rt]['ki:csk]

ropoA)KI{TbMr{HyTanoJrr.rqnturarcxrdKprrru(npeAenrropbMapeKaAyx, c[I{prBr{AeoJIhDKA3peHr,Ie, Br{Irpaxqqancrufi6eruennTpneqeHbxanocrbIIpecTffi

Apo)KbTprdo

cBrrrleHHu(BH3Axnnoft, rprnfiAOJIOTO, BarrbKNUHI{KAr[tr{r{KI[.ropaKIIOCK

7l

llzarffmimic5pigeon5pivot5privy'

quiver5rivet5shrivel5sliver5swivelstimid5vigrltvigour5wizards

l'hz&l['mmft]['pr6m]['prvatJ['prru]

['kwwa]['nvrt][Jrwl]['slwa]Iswwl]['tmrd]['udsil]['vrga]['wzad]

[marld][warld][br'hamd][karnd][mamd][blamd][bamd][gramd][hamd]Irarnd]['hardraSan]['mzugrant][parnt][kan'sarn]['sarkloun]['sarpras]['nartra$an]

srqepruIaIIapo.ryrpoBarbrory6rcTepxeHbua9nufi,npunarnufiApoxb3AKJICNKA

cMoprqr{BaTbctrIIenKaurapHr.rp:agrerr.il8Hfi6ogpcrnonaHuecvtra, SHeptwg.sonrue6Hux

27. i(y)**o-o, = [arl child[faIld], find[farnd],hybrid['harbnd]

mild3wild5behind'kind'mind'blind3bindagnndohindsrind5hydrogenomigrantapintaconsign5cyclone5cypress5nitrogen5

IVI'TKHId

6yillr'wir[ocJre, 34, 3aA4o6pnfi; copryM; Bo3paxarbcnenoftCB'3bIBATb

MOJIOTb

JIAHb

KopaBoAopoAxovynquftrn*rra(=0,47 mrpa)noprraTbII}TKJIOH

Kr{napuca30T

72

siphon5typhoon5vibratdfibrous6

['sarfen][tar'fu:n][var'brert]['farbras]

directlorganization2ideaPidentity3sacrificdbilateralacriterion4diluteadirecto15/dynamicaidenticalacitation5dilatesdocile5gigantic5homicide5hypothesis5iodine5itinerary5oxide5pantomime5paradigm5pristine5

[d(a)r'rekt][,c:ganar'zerJan][a'dral][ar'dentrtr]['sekrrfars][,bar'letaral][krar'tranan][daI'lu:t][d(a)r'rektarr][dar'nemrk][ar'dentrkal][sar'tedan][dar'lert]['dousarl(/dc:sal)][d5ar'gentrk]['hcmrsard][har'pcOrsrs]['arad(a)m][ar'trnara(/e)n]['cksard]['pentamarm]['paradarm]['prrstam]

cnQonrafiQynnu6pnponarrnonoxuugrufi

npsMoI{opraHH3arll,I.flv4eaJlHnArBIrA/:UrbHOCTbxepTBoBaTb

4nycroponnnfirpurepruipar6anrtrmKAT:IJIOT

suepmvnrrfioAHHaxosrrfiryrTaTapacrrrHprTbctnocnyrunrrftrpoua4Hufiy6ufimnorHnoTe3airol,MaprupyrOKIICb

IIAHTOM}IMA

rrap4Ar{rManepnoHa.ranruuft

28. -ire = [ara] desire fdt'zarc), fire ['fara] 140[ara(r)] iron ['aran], spiral ['spararal],

1 + Fn iris ['ararrs][arl irony ['aranr], pirate ['parat]

29.i*rour.= [at] idea [ar'dra], direction [dar'rek[an]

rabbi5stylistic5

['rrebar][star'hstrk]

paBBHH

crnnxcrtlqecKrtfi

30. oo,,o.*o, - [c] "opy ['kcP{, product ['prcd,rkt]

body'gondnovel2profit2project2promise2volume2forest3modest3moral3prope13provincdsolid3chronicacomet'comicalogiCmonarchanoviceaoliveaoracleapolishaschola/solernnatopicaclosetsfroliChomage5soniCtonic5vomit'

['bcd4lgcnl['ncval]['prcftt]['prc(/a)ftekt]['prcmrs]['vcljum]['fcnst]['mcdtst]['mcral]['prcpa] ,['prcvlns]['schd]['krcntk]['kcmtt]['kcmtk]['lc6tk]['mcnak]['ncus]['clw]['crekl]['pchJl['skcla]['sclam]['tcprk]['klcat]['frchk]['hcmtfi]['scruk]['tcntk]['vcmrt]

TEIIO

yrue4InufipoMaHnpx6rurrnpoeKTo6eulannerou, o6reuJICC

crpounufinpancrnemrruinoAxoArIqnfinpoBuHIIHtrnepmfrxponruecrufiKOMETA

rorfll.recxlrfiJIOrITKAMOHapxHOBI{TIOK

OJIUBA

npopoqecTBonoJrupoBKayrenrrfi, fIeHuKBaxrlbffi 'TeMa, fipelMerrryJraH, y6opHarps3BurbctNOIITEHIIE

enyronoftyxperurrrounftpBoTa

74

31. o = [u(:)] lose [u:s], move ['mu:v], whose ['hu:z]

do'intotwhorwomanlmovidado5

Idu:(/a)]['rntu]lhu'l['wuman]['mu:vr][a'du:]

AeJraTbB, BOxro? roropufi?XEHIIII,IHA

xuuoQnrrucyera

32.o-*0.*o. = [ou] cold [kould], poll [poul],most [moust],control [kan'troul]

old'gold2hold2fold3boldathresholdascold5smolder5folk3yolk5roll2strollatollascrollshost'post2compost4ghostapostet'roster5both'controlronly'

[ould][gould][hould]Fouldl[bould]['OreJhould][skould]['smoulda][oulk][iouk][roul][stroul][toul][skroul][houst][poust]['kcmpc(/ou)st][goust]['pousta]['rousta]pou0l[kan'troul]['ounh]

crapufi30noToAepxarbcrn6namrrfinopor6paHurrTJIETb

HapoA

XCJITOK

KaTyrrrKa, cnHcol(nporyJrr{BaTbctAAIIb

3ABUTOK

xo3tr.rHlocJre; rotrTaKOMIIOCTrrpH3paKTIIIAKAT

pacnHcaHueo6ayllpaBJrrTbTOJIbKO

33. o = [r'] brother['br,rda], front [frrrnt],comfort ['k,rmfat]

progtam2progress2gross3bolsterrbolt4patrolarevoltatrophyaextol5jolt5molten5volt5colt6

amongranotherrcolourr@mecompany@verllovermoneyrmonth'motherlnothing'other'somelsonlabovddozen2none2wonder2worry2

['prougrem]['prou(/a)gres]Igrous]['boulsta][boult][pa'troul][rr'voult]['troufi][rks'toul][6oult]['moultan][voult][koult]

IIporpaMMaycIIexH6onrurofi, sarosofinoAyrrrKa6onr; rporlrnaTpyJrbMfiTEX

rpotpfinpeBo3Hocr.rrbTpscrurnmofiBOJIbT

xepe6euox

[a'man][a'nada]['kda]tk^m1['kamparu]['hva]Ilrw]['mmt][mane]['mrda]['naOry][',tda][sa(/ir)m]lsanl[a'brv]ldaznl[ni'n]['w,rnda]['wir(/a:)rr]

crre4.rlpyroftIID TnpHxoAr{Tb

o6IrlesrsoKpbrrrrKa

nro6onrAeHbnrMecqqMATb

HI{IITO

4pyrofixaroft-tocbtrIHaA, CBbIIITe

AroxuHaHI{qTO, HUKTOyAI{BneHI{e

6ecnorofigrso

76 77

3a. (w) * or * 61= [a:] word[wa:d], work [wa:k]

confront3done3govern3monetary3thorough3ton3accomplishaconstableafrontie/gloveahoneyahovedmonkamonkeyaonionao\€nashoveatongueaaccornpaniment5accomplice5affront5compasssconjure5covenant5covert5dove5shovel5smother5sponge5

[kan'frmt]td^nl['grvan]['mmrtarr]['0rua(/'Oa:rou)]ltml[a'k(/c)mphfl['kr(/c)nstabl]['frmtra]lglavlI'h^nll['hc(h)va]lmaoklt'runkl['mjan]hvnl[J,w]ltul[a'krmpanlmant][a'kn(/c)mphs][a'frmt]['kmpas]['ka(/c:)nd5a]['hvanant]['kavat(/'kouva:t)][ilv][J,wl]['smada]lspm6l

cTonKHyTbctrorosrlftyrrpaBnflTb

nanuornufiocHosaremHHftTOHHA

AOCTUrarbnorrnreficxufirpaHnqaneprlarKaMEAnapr{TbMOHAXo6esrsHanyKflellb,AyxoBKa

ruD€Tb

'3bIKAKKOMNAHCMEHTcoyqacrHuKocxop6lrmKOMnaC

KOJIAOBATb

AoroBoprafuirfrrory6rJIONATA

Aylulrrbry6ra

MI{p, CBergrorrqnft, qenanpucTqepBb

world'worth2attorney3worma

[watd][wa:0][a'ta:nr][wa:m]

worsen4worship4purport5worse5worst5

['wa:san]['wa:Jtpl[pa'pa:t][wa:s][wa:st]

yxy4uarr(ca)Kynbr; o6oxarrCMbICJI

xyxeHauxygurufi

reloQoupouanrrrunuripacnpeAeJl'Tb

anrouo6ranrcTaBI{Tb,4larHo3xegrBoBarb3rtrr3oA6eHguH3anpeulaTbnpoToTI{rI

rpermHftpoMaHc

cBuIeTeIbcTBoHHIUA

aHeKAOT[poTr{BotuEe

cnmylo qnfi

B3pblBaTbI{MCHI{E

rpaH4uorHufirporecrHrui

35. +re = [c:] before[br'fc:], more [mc:], score [skc:] /38

[c:] story ['stc:rI], forum ['fc:ram],q'* frl oral [c:ral] 160

[c] coral ['kcral], coronary ['kcranarl]

36. o*,ro"o = [oul romantic [rou'mentlk],episode ['ePrsoud]

telephone2romantic3allocateaautomobileadiagnoseadonateaepisodeagasolineaprohibitaprototypearobustaromanceatestimon/alcove5anecdote5antidote5cohesive5detonate5domain5grandiose5grotesque5

['tehfoun][rou'mentrk]['eloukert]['c:tamoubi:l]['daragnouz(/s)][dou'nett]['eplsoud]['gesouli:n][pra(/ou)'hrbIt]['proutoutarp][rou'bast][rou'mens]['testrma(/ou)nd['relkouv]['anlkdout]['entrdout][kou'hi:srv]['detounett][dou'mem]['grrendrous][grou'tesk]

78 79

37.oo,*o.-o, = [l] study ['stldr], suburb ['slba:b] 12

38.oo*0.-o, = [u] full [fuI], bull [bul], push [puJ]

momentous5motifobese5ovation5vocabulary5vocation5cohere6

[mou'mentas][mou'ti:fl[ou'bi:s][ou'vedan][vou'kebjularr][vou'ke{an][kou'hra]

naxnrrftDraBHilt.feMa

rymufioBarlntcnoBapbnpH3BaHr{ecoHracoBblBaTbcfl

TsHyrbnyJrt6rcnnereHb3awrpa6ynrgosepKIIaCTb, CaXaTbnpaBAa, ToqHocrbBbINOJIH'Tb

KysrIryAI,IHT6esxarosrHbrfi6yruemM'CHI,IK

sanacuoftCM:L3bIBATb

rApo

pull2bulletabulletinabullyabulldozer5putrtruth2fulfil3bushapuddingaruthlessabushel5butcher5duplicate5lubricate5nucleus5

lpull['buht]['buhtm]['buh]['bul'douza]lputlItru:0]ttul'frlllbu"fl['pudry]['ru:Ohs]tbu"l'll['bufa]['dju:phka(/er)t]['lu:brrkert]['nfi)u:'khas]

39. u = [w] suite[swi:t], language['lejgwrfi]

[pa'swerd][drs'trggwrJ]['engwl]

persuade3distinguishaanguish5

y6ex4arrpiBJrruarbcrpaAaHr{t

cuisinesdissuade5extinguish5languish5sanguine5suedes

ftwt'zi:nl[dr'swerd][rks'trpgwfl['leggwrJ]['sa4gwrn][swerd]

KyxHtoTroBapnBaTbIIorallraTbrraxHyTb

orrftilficfl{qecKl.ili3AMIIIA

40. rne = [ua] secure[sr'kjua],sure['Jua]ur * Ir = [ua] jrny ['dSuarr], during ['djuarrA]

41. y + fi = Lil yes[ies], yard[io:d], yell[iel],beyond [bt'jcnd]

9. A,rrPAObl

An$anurnoe qreHue HracHbrx HMeer Mecro He roJIbKo Bcnorax orKpblTofo rurra, o Koropbrx roBopr,r,Jrocb sHme. [IIH-poKo pacnpocrpaHeHbr Bapr,raHTbr oro6paxennr cJroxHbrx rrJrr,rAonrux HracHbrx 3ByKoB c noMorqbrc 4nrpa$on (nap uacHsrx6yxn). Y 6omnuHcrBa Ar4rpaQoB BTopar DracHar (Heuar) cny-xurr 4:l^fl, o6ogHa.reHr,ra anQaeurnoro sreHr.rrr nepnofi, T. e. KaK6u Aenaer cnor orKpbrrbrM, HaxoArcb He rrocJre cle,qyrouleficorracHoft, a BHyrprr cJrora. Taxas. KoHcrpyKIIr{s He 3aBr,rcuror qr.rcJra n cnoco6a qepeAoBan[r nocJreAyroqux 6yxn.

OAsaxo npaBr{.Jro anQaouruoro qreHnt nepnofi rnacHofigrarpaSon HMeer AoBoJrbHo Mnoro NcxnroqeHrft, npnMepbr Ko-Topbrx flprrBoArrcr H[xe. flounuo 3Toro cyllecrByrcn 2 [ur-pa<|a c ycroftqHsrrrvr ar$anrrurnra qreHr.reM nropoft 6yrnofi (e4ew), 4 4nrpaQa c npon3HorrreHlreM, coBrraAaloullrM c JrarHHc-KLrMr,r Ha3BaletlaflMu BxoArrqux B rrx cocraB 6yxe (ei ey, oi oy),r,r rpyflrra gurpa$on, r,rMerorqnx oco6oe qreHne, He BbrreKaro-qee r.r3 qreHut BxoArrrlnx B HHx 6yxr no orAelrbHocrr,r.

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80

EytomqCT!|IEE

3nyx Ilpxnepu flpnuerannr

a\ ayee, eaie, yeoe, oo.ae, ui

le4li,llailloul

[CI)u'l

faint [feint], day [dei]green [gri:n], eat [i:t]died [daid], rye [rai]toe [tou], float [flout]due [dju:], fruit [fru:t]

{urpa$rr c aa$anur-HrIM qTeHr.reM nepeoi

rnacrrofi

eu, ew [CI)u,] feud [{u:d], grew [gru:] !,rrpa$u c alSanur-HbIM qTeHr.reM nropofr6yxrrr

et, eyoi oy

["4Irt]

rein [rern], they [der]join [dcrn], joy [d5cr]

!,urpaQu, qnrarou[r-ecr coflIacHo JraTr{Hc-

Kr{M Ha3BaHr.rrrr,r 6yru

au, awoo

oolkou

ow

Ic']lu'llullaulluulloul

August ['c:gaet], awfrrl ['c:firl]moon [mu:n]book [buk], look [uk]loud [aud]now [nau], clown [klaun]low [ou], slow [slou]

.{urpa{rr, r.rMeroulrieoco6oe qreuue

Anrpa$rr, q[TarotrI[ecf, rro npaBnnaMctforoB 4 rnne C;ronr 4 rnna

a,r, erreer, eal

ootour

leallrallualIaua]

pair [pea], their [dea]beer [bta], rear [na]poor [pua] moor [mua]our [aua], flour [flaua]

bare [bea], there [dea]mere [mra], sphere [sfia]pure [pjua], cure [kjua]

Ilpaerna qreHre AxrpaQoB

1. ae = [iJ anaemia[a'ni:mja], aesthetic[i:s'0etrk]

archaeolog/algaesfaecessgynaecology5mediaeval5

[,o:kr'clad5r]['elSi:(/gar)]['fi:si:z][garm'kclaftr][,me(/i:)dr'i:val]

apxeoJrorutBOAOpOCnHoc:uloKTI,IHCKOJIOTU'

cpeAHenexonufr

8t

2. rer - [ear] aerial ['eenal], aero... ['eara(u)], serate

3. ai(ry) = [er] aid [erd], away [a'wer], day | 243

4. air = [ea(r)] pair [pea], air [ea], hair [hea]

chair2alfair2fatf

dairt'fairt'stai/flair5prairies

l$eal[a'fea][ea]

['dearr]['fearr][stea][flea]['prearr]

cTyJrnro6osHas cssgr6enoxyprrfi;rqro (noroAa)MoJroqHar QepuaA€{cTyneHbKaHrox; cnoco6HocrrlpepruI, cTenb

., lc,l cause [kc:z], August ['c:gast],5. au ( daughter['dc:ta] | 133

\ [or] laugh [o:fJ, aunt [o:nt], draught [dro:ft] | 5

chauffeurschauvinismsmauve5epaulette6

"u = [ou]

['Joufa]['Jouvrnzrn][mouv]['epoulet]

BO.U{TeJIb

IUOBICHI{3M

nunosrrft3noIeT

6. aw * Cr = [c:] law [c:], draw [drc:], raw [rc:] 83 | 70

t[irl beat [bi:t], deal [di:l], leave [i:v] | 195

" ^^/,.P1 head [hed], heavy ['hevr], dead [dad]'' *1-[r{ break [brerk], got [grert], steak [steft) | 6

\[ra] idea [ar'dra], real [rIal], ideal [ar'dral]

82 83

alreadylhealth'ahead2death2instead2measure2spread2threat2weapon2weather2bread3breakfast3breast3breath3heaven3leather3pleasant3pleasure3steady3wealth3deaf4dreadaendeavoulfeatheljealousarealmasweat'threadatread4treasureabreadth5meadowstreachery5

ea = [e]

['c:l'redl][hel0][a'hed][de0][m'sted]['me3a][spred][9ret]['wepen]['weda][bred]['brekfast][brest][bre0][hevn]['leda][pleart]['plqa]['stedr][wel0]ldefl[dred][rn'deva]['feda]['6elas][relm][swet][Ored][tred]['tre5a][bred0]['medou]['treSarr]

yxe3AOpOBbeBnepeAcMepTb83AMEHMepaIIpocrlrparbctyIpo3a

opyxr4enoroAaxne63aBTpirKrpyAb

AbrxaHr{ene6ecaKOXa, peMeHb

npnmnufiyAoBoJrbcTBHeycroftuurufi6orarqrsorrlyxoft6osrrcrIIbITATbC'

repopennunrrftrlapqrBonoTHnru, pelr6acryrlarbcoKpoBr{rqerxr,rpHHanyfBepoJroMcTBo

/ Uel fear[fia], hear[hIa], clear[kha]3.

""t :- [a:] early ['a:ld, learn [a:n], year [a:]\ [ea] bear [bea], wear [wea], tear [tea]

realize2theater2reassureapanacea5

researchleatn2earth2earnest'pearla

ea = [ra]

l'rrclatzl['0rata][.ri:a'Jua][,pena'sra]

appear'nearldear3ear3gear3rear3beardaarrears5clearance5dreary5endear5ethereal5shear5smear5spear5

ear = [ra]

[a'pra][rua]Idra]lrallgralIrra]pradlle'rrczl['kharans]['drrarr][m'dre][r'0rarral]ljtal[smra][spra]

"". = [a:]

[n'sa:flIa:n]Ia:0]['a:mst][pa:l]

ocyulecTBnrrbr€irTpycnoKauBaTbIIaHauet

notBJI'Tbct

6mrgxnfiuunrrftyxoMEXAHI{3MTbrJr, 3aA

6opoaaHEAOHMKA

OTII,ICTKA

rocxnusrrfiBHyruarb rro6osrnos4yuruufio6,quparrII'THO

KOnbe

I{CCJreAOBaHr.Ie3acJryxrrBarb3CMJI'

cepre:Hufi)KEMTIYT

84 85

earl5rehearse5

swearawean/pear5

Ia:l][rI'ha:s]

"* = [ea]

[swea]['wearr]lpeal

rpa$(arrundcxnfi)peneTr,rpoBaTb

KJI'CTbCg

yrouneHuuftrpyrua

9. ee - [i,] agree[a'gri:1, between[bI'twi:n], feel l94l186

10. eer = [ra] career [ka'rra], beer[bra] 24 | 23

7 letl eight[ert], grey[greI], veil[verl]ll. ei(y)

-

[ir] receive[n'si:v],seize[si:z]\ [ar] either['arde], height[hart]

ei(y) = [eI]

['nerbe][wert]lwetl[ret][rern][rern][vern]ffemlldell[sa:'ver][kan'ver]lherl[a'ber]lpretl

neighbo13weight3weigh3freightareignareinaveinafeign5they'survey2conve/heyoobelpre/

coceAB@

B3BEIUI{BATb

Qpaxr, rpyruapsrBoBaHHeBOrcI(H, npaBlffb

BEHA

crMynr{poBarbOHH

o6c.[eAosaHnenepenpaBJrrTb3lr!

noBI{HOBaTbct

rpa6urr, Tep3arb

./ [ea] their[dee], heir[eal I 212. eh '

\ [ra] weird[wrad],weir[wra] 12

13. eu = [(i)u:] neutral['nju:tral], euphoria [ju:'fc:rra]

queuea

euphemism5euthanasiasfeud5

ceilingaconceiveaconceit5deceit5deceive5seizure5

die'driedamagpie5

"; = [i:]

['siilq]ftan'si:vl[kan'si:t][dI'si:t][dr'si:v]['si:5a]

;" = [ar]

ldarl[drard]['megpar]

IIoToJroI(IIOCTITTATb

CAMOMHEHI{E

o6uano6tiaaHHsarr3ZXBaT

orrepeAb;roca (roloc)enQervrnsrvrJrerKat cMepTbBpaxAa; noMecTbe

yMr{paTb

cyxoftcopoKa

[kju:]

['ju:famzm][,ju:0a'nezja][fiu:d]

14. ew = [(i)u:] few [f,u:], new [n(i)u:],jewel ['Su:al] 69 I 57

./ [ar] lie [ar], tie [tar], rye [rar]15. ie . [i:J brief[bri:fl, field[fi:ld]

I [ara(/t)] diet['darat], quiet['kwarat] ,

86 87

believerpiecerachievdreliefbelief3priest3besiegeagreforetrieveashieldasiegeathieFgrievdhygiene5niece5rabies5reprievdsievdshriek5wield5

vidbye-bye3dyeo

lvatl['ba'bat]ldall

ie = [i,]

[br'li:v][pi:s][a'$i:v][n'li:fl[br'li:f][pri:st][br'si:ft]lgri,fl[n'tri:v]ffi:ldllsi:S1[0i:fl[gri:v]['hatfii:n][ni:s]['retbi:z][rr'pri:v][si:v][Jri:k]tw,ldl

i6 = [ara(/r)]

[sa'saratr]['sarans]

['paratr][,nouta'rautr][pra'prantr]

conepHrqarbAOCBId,I.AIII'{S.

Kpacrrrb

Bepr{rbMrrpAOCTUTaTb

o6nerqenueBepacBtlqeHHltKocDlqaTbropeBOOCTAHABJITIBATb

IISTT(rcaAaBopfopeBaTbmnreHaII'ICM'HHI{IIA

6emensrsoneperlrrKacltToBOIrrIb, BOnUTbBIIAACTb

o6qesrnoECTECTBEHHbICHayKr{NOqTI{TCJIbHOCTb

AypHat cIIaBaylliecTHocrb

societyrscienod

piety5notorietysproprietl

,/ [ara] hierarchy['hararo:kI], fiery ['fararl]16. ier

\ [Ia] fierce[ias],pier[Pra]

17. oa = [ou] road [roud], boat [bout], goal [goul],loan[loun]

18. oar - [c:] board [bc:d], roar [rc:], boar [bc:]

[kc:s]lsc'J[hod]lc'l

,/ [ou] toe[tou], foe[fou], hoe[hou]19. oe .\ [ur] shoeffu:],canoe[ka'nu:]

20. oi(y) = [cI] boy[bcr], join[Scrn], oil[crl] / 118

premier3pierceapremiereatier5

['premja][pras]['premrea][tra]

oi = [w]

['kwaIa]['rezavwo:]['memwoN['rebatwo:]

nepBblr{npoH3arbnpeMbepaprA; Kpenex

rpy6uf,rrapuTE3arracBECJIO

xoppBepByap6uorpaQurcroro6ofurs

coarseasoat'hoard5oar5

choit'reservoiramemoir5abattoir6

88 E9

./ [u(:)] fmd[tu:d], book[buk] lss I ts321.oo

\ [] blood[bl^d],fl,ood[fl^d] t2

,/ [ua] poor[pua],moor[mua]22. oor .

\ [ct] door[dc:],floor[fh]

7laul/"Inl

23. ori(-[c(:)]\[u']\[ou]

grurnd[graund], horse[haus], comcil | 155ountry ['kmtn], enurgh[l'nr{], yong [iap]thought [0c:t], cough [kc{1, ought [c:t]group [gru:p], wound [wHndl, route [ru:t]though [dou], soul [soul], shoulder [Joulda]

ou = [rr]

thplllkaznl[d,rbl]['sirdan]tt^SlIt^fl[trltbl]['k(/a:)nS]lr,tfJ['fla(/a:)rd]['na(/a:)rd]lslafl

o11= [c:]

[nc:t]Itrcfl

couple2cousin2double2southern2touch2tough2trouble2couragelrough3flourishanourish5slough5

nought5trough5

uapa, coelltHflTb

4eoropo4rrrfi,qnofinofircxnrrfinpnKacaTbctxecrKrd6ecnoxorrrMyxecrBorpy6ufipocqepKIII{TATb

TOIIb

HItqTO, HOJIb

KOpIITO, Xe.no6

/aual horu ['aua], floru ['flaua], sorn ['saua]

^, _-_ Ll"rl four[fc:], yorn[ic:], porn[po]zq'

"ttr \- [ar] jorrnal['fia:nl], corntesy ['ka:trsr]\[ur] tou[tua], dorn['dua]

throughtyourrouge3routine3acoustic4couponacourierasoupoboulwardsrecoupssouvenirstroupe5

mouldaboulder5doughspoultry5

ourldevout'scour5

courselcourtr

ou = [u(:)]

[0ru:]liu'llru,sl[ru:'ti:n][a'ku:stIk]['ku:prn]['kuna][su:p]['bu:lvo:d][n'ku:p]['su:vanta][tru:p]

oo = [ou]

[mould]['boulda][dou]['poultrr]

rlepe3, cKBo3b

BbI

pyMrHapyrllrraarycul.recxnfiKynoHKypbepcyn6yarrapKOMneHCItpOBarbcyBeHrrpTpynra

rua6nonBnnyHTecTo,nacTa.[oMarrlHtt il[rqa

HaIII .

noxupaTbMbITb

KypcyxalKHBaTb

orn - [aua]

Iaua][dr'vaua]['skaua]

our = []]

ftc:sl. ftrtl

90 9l

resource2source2mourn5

adjourn5scourge5

[r r' zc:s (l' r i:s r:rs )]Isc:s][mc:n]

our - [a:]

[a'fia:n][ska:ft]

pecypcI{CTOK

OIIJIAKI,IBATb

oTcporIHTb

6uu, xaparr

,/ [au] down [daun], how [hau], crown fkraun]25. ow .

\ [ou] grow [grou], own [oun], show [fouJ

o, = [au]

[a'lau][braun]Inau]['paua][taun]ftraudl[flaua][kau][taua]lbaul[bauals][draun][fraun][gaun][haul][aul]['pauda][Jaua][taual][brau][brauz]

allowrbrownrnowlpowerrtownrcrowd2flower2cow3tower3bou/bowelsadrownafrownagownahowlaowlapowderashoweratowelabrowsbrowse5

NO3BOJI'Tb

ropnuuennftceftqaccwraropoATOJIIA

rpqroKKopoBa6aruHs[oKrroH, ruyu(cr)Kr{rlrKr.r, HeAparoHyTbxMypr,rTbctIINATbE

soficoBaIIoporuoKAyIuIIoJIOTeHIIe

6ponrnpocMaTpr{BaTb

clown5endow5fowl5growl5rowdyswow5

[klaun][m'dau]fiaul][graul]['raudt][wau]

oa, = [ou]

[nou]Iou]lbloul[flou][slou][0rou][boul]loul[rou][snou][glou][sou][tou]ftroul[mou][stou]

{r*r*0.= [ou]

['fclou]['felou]['nerou][ta'mcrou]['wrndou]['bcrou]['Jedou]{'jeloul

KnoyHHA"IIEJI'Tb

.4OMamE C rrTr{IIapbrqaTb

6yfiuuftBOCTOpXeHHOe BOC-

Krrr{rlaHr{e (uexd. )

3HATb

nugxnfiyAap; qBecrl'Ii AyrrTeqeHlle

ue.4nenHrrfiMETATb

ry6or; tuap6rnr AolxrrrnrpsA; rBarTcHerCII.fiTb

@tTb

6yrcuporarrBOpOHacroryKJraAbIBarb (rpF)

r6t | 40

CJIeAOBaTb .

roBapI{Iq

yexrni, recsrrft3aBTpaOKHO

6paru ngafrurrTEHb

xenrud

knowrlowrblow2flow2slow2throw2bowl3owe3row3snow3glour'sovy'tou/crow5mow5stow5

follow'fellow'?narrow2tomorrow2window2borrow3shadow3yel lowl,^-

92

ambiguity5

93

, [ur] due[dju:], tnre[tru:], cue[kju:],)A ,- ( rescue 9l I 39

\ t t colleagrre['kcli:g], antique[en'ti:k]t [e] guest[gest],grress[ges] |2

, [u:] fruit [fru:t], cruise [kru:z], juice [fi u:s]

"r,,, /-lurl guide[gatd], guise[gaz]

'" - \-- [t] build [brld], guitar [gt'tc:], guild [glld]\[u(:)r] ruin[rurn], suicide['sjusard],

fluid['flu(:)rd]

dialogue2league2fatigueaplagueatongueavagueavogudintrigue5monologue5prologue5rogue5

ue =[ ]

['daralag]Ii'g][a'ti:g][plerg][trtO][verg][voug][In'tri:g]['mcnalc(:)g]['proulc(:)g][roug]

.u{anormara, o6bei[ruf,rbctycTiurocTbqyMa

':3bIKcIrryrnufiMOAaruilpnraMOHOJIOT

npoJror)KyJrrrK

KocrroM; Ha6opnono6paneqCHH'K

AocaAa

AByCMbTCJTeHHOCTb

suit2recruit3bruiseanuisance5

ui - [u:]

[su:t][n'kru:t][bru:z][nOu:sns]

og = fiu:rl

[,ambr'gju:ftI]

annuity5fruitionsintuitive5tuitions

[a'n(i)u:ttt]fru(:)'tJan][In'tfi)u:atrv][t(j)u:'tJen]

10. 3ll9Hll9

roAoBat peHTa

noJrb30BaHI{enuryurunnrrfto6yueulre

l. 3uslatts. o6pasyrcrcr rrpu HenocpeAcrBeHHoM coceAcrBe

flracHblx, [pI{HaAJIeXaqux pa3HbrM cJroraM' qacTo Ha cTbrKe

ocHoBbI c Cy$$nrcou, npeQnKcoM lrrln Q'uercuefi: million

f' miljan) nruuuoH, matryTng [ ' marup] ecmyttant4uil e 6pax' flpu

apTr{KynflII{}I TaKHX 3ByKOB pOT CpaBHI{TeJrbHo AoJIro ocTaer-

cf, orKpbITbIM, T. e. xar 611 3[f,er. (filacnsre, coceAcrByloul]re B

rur$roHrax, npHHaAJIexar oAHoMy clory.)

"s

Y,rrcrOr *{q H@KOfoPble OSBYqHTb

2.3usnuq 6usalor yAapHbIMI'I, KorAa yAapeHI'Ie [aAaer Ha

mo6yn u3 AByx HracHblx, n 6ery.uapublMn' KorAa yAapeHue

rrpuxoAlrrc.fl Ha Apyrne cJroru. B y,uapHux 3w{Hwcx yAapeH}Ie

o6uqno npuxoAl'ITct Ha nepBylo rJracHylo, Korop:rt I'IMeer iul-

Qarnrnoe tl:neHue, ocrzulbHble, B ToM tII'IcJre u BTopat' TorAa

94

s,8&

peAyqupyrcTcr no H3BecrHbrMdiamond [' dar-a-man df annas.

lion ['lar-an] zea,

3. Bropar r:nacnafl slrnrrufl. Moxer 6rrrr y.uapHoft, Hanpu-Mep oKa3aBrrrltcb B TperbeM or KoHIIa cJrore, na roropufi npe-r,rMyrrlecTBeHHo naAaeT yAapeHne B MHorocJro)KHbD( cnosax. B3TOM CJDAae qarue BCerO OHa I{IdTaeTCfl nO npaBlrJraM cJroroB3aKpbrroro rrrfla, a ocrarrbHbre HracHhre peAyrlupyrorcr. flepBAfl, fiIACHAfl 3r4trlIyrt MOXeT COUpOTT{BJrrTbCt pelyKrltrtr u qld-

Tarbcfl. KaK B orKpbrroM cJlore, ecJrH oHa nepBat I{ B croBe (By4o6nofi .qJu npor.r3Heceurrt no3nrlun, nocJre nay3br MexAycronaun) biology [bal'clafilf 1uonozun, no balneology

[, brelnI' cla d3r) 6aaane onoeun.4. B 6eayaapHbrx 3urHr,rflx Ha nepBoM Mecre o6rrqso 6u-

oaror 6yrnrr i u u, croarqrae nepe4 cyQ$uxcauu, TaKxe HaqrcHa-rorllr{Mr,rcr c Hracnbrx (-ion, -ian, -ial, -uine, -uater -uous u r.n.).flepnoe i s erux cJrfrarx rruraercr xax [r] u,JrH HecJroronoe []('billion ['blljan] nunnuapd, 'Syria ['srra] Cupun). flocne run-nrIIIrD( i peqyq{pyercr rrorrHocrrrc ('Russia ['rarfa] Poccun).[SndesylapHbD( 3r{f,Hr{fi, Hauunarorq}rxcfl c u, xapaKTepHo co-nporuBJreur4e peAyKrIr{H 3ByKa [ju:] u peAyKqnc oqraarnux 6e-3yAapHbrx uracHhD( (con' tinuous [kan' trnju es) nenp eparcnani).I4cxnro.reHr,re cocraBJuror KoneqHoe { rd uraroJrrnufi cy$$urc-ate, ne noAAaroru{ecr peAyKrlr{u 14Bsuntnvnli;. ('radio ['reidrou]paduo,'radiate ['reidrert] usnyuama) -

5. B crosax c orreHb pacnpocrpanesHbrMlr 6eaygapHrruu3wtmwrMu Ha -i.. lr -u.. yAapenue o6rrqno naAaer ua rpernfi orKOHIIa c.lor, OAHaKO rnacHbre B yAapHoM cJrore qHTaIoTct B3aBncr{Mocrn or uepnofi 6yrnrr 3vraHus.. Ecnn sro i, ro nce rnac-Hhre KpoMe i n npe4ruecrByrouleM yAapHoM cJrore qr,rrarorcr BcooTBeTcTBI{U C TrrnOM CJIOra, BKrroqar cJroru nepBoro }r qeT-BepToro Tr.{na:

['rerdjal]radial,

['vearras]various,

[fa'rouJas]ferocirxrs,

Ihrs'tc:nan]historian.

['spi.Jas]specious,

['srarras]serious,

['ju:njan]union,

['kjuarras]curious

95

Cav.n xe i(y) B orKpblTbrx cJrorax ql{rarc)Tct no 3aKpbrroMyTUrry Cnora:

['mrnjan]minion,

['mrrrad]myriad

Taxnu o6pasou,6y4y.rn nepnofi Bsprsnw4, nracHat i yro-paqnBaer (3arpHBaeol) crof, co6crBennhrft rnyx B npe.4rrecrBy-rouleM 3r{tHLIp yAapHOM CJIOle, He B;nfits, Ha ocr:LrlbHble.

6. fnacnas u, nao6opor, oKa3aBllrncr nepnoft B 3*rrrlnvr,3rKpbrBteT B npeAlrlecTByuqeM yAspHoM cllor€ Bce 3ByKn, KpGMe (cEoeno):

- Hracnbre a, e, o, i n orxprrroM yAapHoM cJlore uepeA3UgHlteM Ha tF

['gredjual]gradual,

['d5enjurn]genuine,

- rJracHafl r B orKpbIToM yAapHoM cJrore nepeA 3I,I]f,HlleMHa -u:

['ju:guel]u.sual

Taroe npuxorJrltBoe, Ha nepnnft B3HrtA, noBeAeHI{e yKa-

3aHHbrx 3ByKoB HaxoALIT AoBoJrbHo ecrecrBeHHoe o6ucueur're,r.rcxoAr v3 allranrlzt3a AByx KoHKypllpynqrx tpe6oraunfi: no-BbrrrreHr.rr nJrorHocrn nepeAaBaeMofi peurrc uuSopuaqnn uMaKcrrMuurbHo Bo3MoxHoro o6lerqeHl{t caMoro npoqecca pequ.<Heylo6Ho>, a c uHQopuaqnonnofi ToqKIt 3peHl{t u ner Heo6-xo.qnMocru, BbIroBapLIBarb B cJroBe 6olee ogHoro, nycrr 6o-nee r,rnSopMarlrBHoro, Ho Ir 6olee cJroxHoro B IacnoJrHeHuI{HracHoro 3ByKa, oco6eHno ecJllt cJIoBo HeArI{HHoe. floerouyocraJlbubre rJracHbre ql,ITaKlrct KaK B 3aKpbrroM cJrore ri.m pe-

Ayrrypyrorcr. 3nyr [ju:] n crny ero ycroft'runocrn He peAyIIu-pyeTct n B 3u.f,H[tx, 3HalIrrT oH yKopaquBaeT npeAlrrecTByrcqneyAapHbre HracHbre. 3nyr [l] 6olee JreroK B I{cnoJIHeHuu (cauqacro p€ynbrar pe4yxqlrn), 3HarIHT B rlpeArlrecrByloqux cno-rax Moryr 6rrrr npon3HeceHbl u 6onee cJroxHble 3B)mlr B co-orBeTcTBrrr "c

[paBuJIaMH.:

96

Gnoea, {xrapulrecr no npaBxny6esygapxbtx atrsHlh "xa io

[r'nckjuas]innocuous,

Ia'srdjuas]assiduous

radiolsocial'negotiate2occasion2patient2previous2senio12Soviet2associate3emotion3immediate3ingredient3medium3motion3notion3premium3racial3species3stadium3aliena

aiart'comedianaconvenientadubiousageniusamediateaportfolioaratioasimultaneousasodiuma

['rerdrou]['souJal][nr'gouJrert][a'kergan]['perJant]['pri:vjas]['si:nja]['sou(/c)vrat][a'sousra(/er)tJ[r'mouJan][r'mi:djat][rn'gri:djent]['mi:djam]['moupn]['nouJan]['pri:mjam]['rerJal]['spi.fiz]['sterdjam]['erhan]

['ervjan][ka'mi:djan][kan'vi:njant]['dju:bjas]['fti:njas]['mi:drelt][pc:t'fouljou]['rerJ(r)ou][,srmal'temjas]['soudjam]

pa4uoo6uler-rsennHfiBecTr{ neperoBopbrclyvafirepnennonfinpe4ugyrqnficrapurnficoBgrcxrfio6reAunrrrBOJIHCHI{E

6lnxafiIunfirrfpe.u{elrrcepeAr{HaABIDKEH}ICnpeAcTaBJreHr{errpeMr.rtpaconnfipir3HoBT,TIHOCTb

cTa,4{oHvyxgnfi,I,IHOIIIAHETSHHH

ITIKH}TK

KOMIIK

yao6HuficouHurearHufrreunfinocpe4rr[raTbnoprQenrOTHOIUEHI,IC

o,4HOBpeMenHrrfinarpuit

4 N? 2965 97

flo rpanularrl yAapHblx 3l{tnufi qntarorct [peI{MyIrIecrBeH-

Ho 6yrnocorleraHu-fl ea, ie, ui, (npurraeprr cM. pa3Aen 6), a rarxe

ai, ia, io, oe, ue:

"i = [err]

[o:'keuk]['leutt][me'zeuk]

i" = [ara]

Itrarel]{ 'daralc(:)gl

experiencerseriousrmaterial2period2series2curious3interior3furiousadeteriorateaimperialainferioraserialavariableacafeteria5materialism5exterior5egalitarian5

hilarious5precarious5variants

Cnorr 4 tnna

[rks'prarrans]['srarras][ma'tranal]['prarrad]['srari:z]['kjuerlas][rn'ttarla]['f,uanas]Idr'trarrarett][rm'plarral][rn'fiarra]['srarlal]['veanabl][,kefi'trarra][ma'trarlahzm][rks'trerra][r,geh'tearran]

[hr'learras][pn'kearras]['vearrant]

OIIbIT

ceprernruiMarepHanneplloA, a6gaqpflI.cepusnurnunrrfinrryrpenruaisg6erueHHbfrnoprI,ITbCtrarranepcxrafixy.uurnficepnfinuftUSIUCH'II,IBHfi

ra@reptdMarepI{iInH3MHapyxHocrbno6opnmpaBHorIpaBI{tnecemrineuaAexrrrtfiBapLIaHT

ycrapelufi'MupsHe, npoQaHuMO3anKa

rronblTKa; CyA

AtrtUIof

archaic5laity5mosaics

trial:dialoguer

9ti 99

diary3giant3reliable3via3biasadefianceadenialadiabetes4diagnoseadialadiameteldiamondaliableaviableadiagonalsdiagram5dialectsdiapet'liarsreliancestriangle5

prior3

riot3violate3violent3biographlbiolog/lionapionee/iodine5ionspious5viola5

['dararr][$arant][rr'larabl][var(/i:)a][bares][dr'falans][dr'naral][,daIa'bi:ti:z(/s)]['daagnouz(/s)][daral][dar'emrta]['daramand]fiarabl][varabl][dar'eganl]['daragrrm]['daralekt]['darapa]['lara][rr'larans]['trarapgl]

io = [aq]

[prara]

[rarat]['varalert]['varalant][bat'cgraft][ba'clad5r]flaran][,para'nra]['arad(a)rn][aran][paras][var'oule]

.qreBHraKBEIUKAHHalexnrdqepe3

npe4y6exq4eHueBbI3OB

onpoBepxeHr{elr.rorfurCTABI,ITb,IIUATHO3

ua6nparr HoMeprufiMeTpAJIMA3

orsergrBerilcrftxrasHecnoco6Hrrfi,III,IATOHAJIb

Ar{arpaMMa,III{AJIEKT

NEIIEHKA

nryHyBepeHHocTbTpeyroJrbHr{K

npeAurecrByro-qnfi6ynrnpesrynaTbneugrosrrfi6uorpaSlrr6nonorurJIEB

IruoHepfioaI,IOH

na6oxurrfiAJIbT

v'

violetsviolin5

poemlpoetlcoefltcient6coexist6

fuel2influence2constituent4crueladuel5duetsfluent5

['varaht][,vaIe'lm]

o" = [our]

Ipoum][pouIt][,kour'fiJant]['kourg'zrst]

ue - [ua]

[f,uel]['rnfluans][kan'str$uant][krual][ 'dOu:al][d(i)u:'et]['flu:ant]

Qr.rarucacKpHnKa

no3MaIlo3T

QarropcocyulecTBOBaTb

TOIIJI}IBO

BJIHflHI4E

yvpegurenrurtfixegroxufinoeAI{HOKAy3rxruxnfi

I{I

:

I

Ij

BCIrOMOraTeJrbHbre fJIaroJlbr r,r HeKoTopbre Apyfr.re clyxe6-Hbre qacrr,r peqll [paKTuqecKu Bcer-Aa 6esyAapHu, 3a HoKJTK)-r{eHr{eM cJryr{aeB, KorAa Ha HLIX naAaeT cMbICJIOBOe yAapeHHe(This is 'my book, not 'yours). Oxaganuucb B 6eryaapHofi(no cuucry) notnqun, [epequcJreHHbre cJroBa npor,r3Hocrr-cs coorBercrBeHHo csoefi TaK Ha3brBaeuoft cla6ofi Sopue.Hanpuuep, B rrpeAJroxeHwt'. You must tell him that he can go(Tu doncrceH cKa3amb ewy, qmo oH

^'to)rcem udmu) yAapeHH-

eM BbrAenrrcTcr Jrrttrb ABa cJroBa tell n go. OcralrHue cJroBa6e:ygapHu, rrpu 3ToM orAeJrbHbre 3ByKr,r B HHx peAyrrnpy-rorcr (craHoBtrcr 6olee KparKI{MH H MeHee oruernunsrr"rlt),raK qro peanbHo Spata 3Byrrr.rr KaK fiu mast tel rm 6athr kan gou]. Pe.m, B Koropofi ece croga BbrroBapr,rBarorcta6colroruo ror{Ho r.r qerKo, 6yget 3Byqarb coBeprrreHHo He-ecrecrBeHHo, KaK y po6ora.

PeAyqupyrcrcs rJracHbre 3ByKH He roJrbKo r clyxe6uux6ey4apHux cJroBax, Ho H B 6ery.{apHrrx cJrofax clona. B aH-rluficxona r3brKe ecrb ABa BHAa peAyKrlr,rlr: B [r] u o [a].

Ilpaenna pegyKqnn aHrnr,tficKlrx rnacHbtx

Eyrru x.nr6yxrocove-

TAHI|X

3ryx r6ery.uapnonrITOJIO,rEHI|II

llpnuepu

atoru [ '] about [a'baut], common ['kcman],album ['albam]

i ,y t'l capital [ 'keptl], army ['o:mr]

et'l["]

begin [bt'grn]even ['i:van]

e,, eY,ie, ye, ee,ai, ay, ui

t4abbey [ 'abr], Will ie [ 'wrh],Tennessee ['tenlsr], captain [ 'keptrn],Friday ['frardr], biscuit ['brskrt]

au, ou lal restaurant ['restarc:nt]enonnous [e'nrmas]

11. qTEHllE EESvEAPHblx cloroB

!,o cltx nop MbI roBopunu o npaBI4JIax qreHl{t agrluitc-

KHx rJracHblx B yAapHoM cJrore' Y4apennen e aHrrnficKoM f,3blKe

o6rtqno BblAerqerct nepartfi cJlor ocHoBbI cJroBa' T'e' ero HaI4-

6olee uu$opuarnBHat r{acrb' 3ruu o6lerqaerct Boc[p'rflTre

peuu. gerxo paccilbl[raB gTor cJlor' o6 ocralrgoM qacro Mox-

HO .U,Of aAaTbcfl vI3 KOHTeKcra'

EecnpeQnxcHafl crpyKrypa v yAapeHI'Ie Ha rIepBqM cJlore

*upu*tap"ut Als 6olrurl{HcrBa auuraficxux cyurecrBuTeJrbHblx

n npl{JIarareJIbHbIX. haronu I'I Haperrl4s' Hao6opor' qacro

rrMelor B cBoeM cocraBe npe$uxcsr' Vgapeuue npl{ 3ToM ocra-

ercq Ha nepBoM anora o",'onll, a npe$uKcbl oKa3blBarorcc 6e'

3yAapHbIMH.' Ilenufi ptA cnoB - aprl{KJII{' rrpeAJloru' colo3bl' MoAarb'

HbIe rJIaroJIbI, JrI',IqHbIe u npHTf,XaTeJIbHbIe MecTouMeHHfl'

100101

Eyrnu n,rn6yxnocore-

TAHHfl

3nyn n6eryaapnounOr'IO1|(eHI|Il

flpnuepu

oq oet ow loul cocoa ['koukou], cargoes [ 'ko:gous],pil low ['prlou]

eh,, eu,oo, ue [(i)u']

Andrew ['andru:], curfew ['ka:fju:],mushroom ['mrrJru:m], value ['vrlju:]

o,, oJ' lrtl turmoil [ ' ta:mcrl]. envoy [ 'envrr]

t'iIiI

i

. i rt

qacrnocrr{, BbrnaAeHr,re 6eyAapurrx rjracHbrx trepeA conracHbr_MH n H l, otHocqulnuncr, K rpynne coHaHToB (lesson [,lesn]y p o rc, signal [' srg nl] c ue Hcrt, pensil [' pensl] rc ap and aw). Tinaeu-qr4s ynpoqeHr{rr lpor,r3HorrreHr.rr uracHoro 3ByKa B 3Tr,rX CJry_qarx KaK 6u Aocrzraer cBoero JloruqecKoro [peAena. Croru,oAHaKo, coxpaHrrorcs,, dnaro4apr oco6eunocr.trM nocneAyro_rrlHx coHopHbrx coDracHbrx.

l. flpanuna peAyxrllm raxxe HMeror HeMzuro oco6enHoc-refi u ncxnroqeHufi:

flocleAsne rpl{ crpoKl,r ra6lnqr,r [peAcraBJrffIor cJryqan

raK Ha3brBaeMofo colporHBJIeHIr9 peAyKUI{}I, KOrAa 3ByKH B

6cylapuoft rlo3l{qnu He peAyqupylorct. ConporunleHl'Ie pe-

AyKqnu xapaKrepHo Anr 3ByKoB [ou], [ou:] n [cr].flparruuecKl{ cyulecrBoBaHl.Ie peAyKIrHH o3Har{aer, r{To B

aHr:ruficxou cnoBe c HecKoJIbKI{M[ rnacHbIMI'I CKOpee Bcefo

6y.qer oAHH .{oJlrlrit ustu cloxHufi :nyx (4ra$roHr). a ocriurb-

Hbre - [I] u,'ru [a].

Pe|KtJt ,1 I KOpOAeBCT(oro Mylr lKeTepA

B Hexoropblx cnyqatx ItMeer Mecro noJIHat peAyKIrI'Iq'

KorAa uacnrrfi 3ByK ((BblnaAaer)) rlpll rITeHII'I. Xapaxrepuo, n

102

R$

character2orange3spinach5

mountain2bargain3fountainaporcelain5

deficit2holiday2territory2admiralafeasible5intuitives

conductlfrustrate3upset3

a*ro"o. = IIJ

['karrkta]['errn$]['sprnrS]

d*r-'. = [I]

['mauntrn]['bo:grn]['fauntm]['prsalrn]

i*ro"o = [a]

['defasrt]['hclader]['terat(c:)rr]['admaral]['fi;zabl][rn'tfi)u:'atrv]

uu.rrr.o. = [AJ

['kcnd,rkt][frls'trert][np'set]

[epcoHaxANCJIbCHH

IIINI{HAT

ropacAeJrKaHCTOqHHK

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BECTI,I CEO'paccrpar4BaTbpaccrpoftcrno

103

7

TenAenuns ynpouleHl,Ic npo[3Holuenmn 6esy gapHblx cJIo-

foB paclpocTpaHteTct I{ Ha HeKOTOpbIe cofJracHble, B qacT-

Hocrn c, s, t, crotlque nepeA 6e:yaapHsruu cy$Surcauu. Bpe3ynbrare oHI{ ql'Iralorcfl KaK ["]'], [f] n.rru [3], a cneAylo-

rrlue 3a HLIMIT 6eryaapuste 3nflrlus. uenl{KoM peAyuupylorct

s [e] .

2. <i, *i, -ti + fncyQ = [Jl social['souJal], ancient ['ernlant],pension ['penJan], nation ['nelJan],patient [' pelJent], potential [pa' tenJal]

3. su(i) + LrrCyQ = [J] censre['senJa], division [di'vr5an],measure ['me5a]

B prge cyQ$r{KcoB rnacHhre peAyrlnpyrorcr HexapaKTepHbrMNrq Hr.rx o6pasou r{Jrr.r colporlrBJrrrorcr peAyKrluu.

5. -acc = [r] surface ['sa,fis], palace [' prehs]

6. -ade = [er] comrade ['kcmrerd], blockade ['blckerd]

- ,/ [rd5] image ['rmrfi], hostage ['hcstrfi] l7l/. -age .

\ [o'S] garrge['grero:g], massage ['meso:3]/ l0

bankruptocucumber5hlibuster5hiccup5lacklustre5moribund5

exposure3leisureatreasureaseizure5erasure6

matureomaturityasanctuaryaapertures

['bepknpt]['kju:krrmbe]['fihbmta]['hrk4]['laklnsta]['mc(:)rrb.tnd]

[rks'pouga]['le(/i:)sa]['tre5a]['si:3a][r'rers({)a]

ucKrnqeHu.fl

[ma'tjua][ma'tjuarrtt]['sepktjuarr]['epatjua]

6auxpororypeqnHparHKOTA

rycxrufiyunpaloqnfi

BbICTABJIEHHC

AocyrcoKpoBHUle3axBarIIo.I[rMcrKa

rperuft3penocrbcBtTI{JrI.rIIIe

oTBepsrlIe

dressageabadinage5barrage5camouflage5entourage5espionagescorsageb

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accurate3adequates

['dreso:g]['bedlno:3]['bero:g]['kremaflo:3][,cntu'ro:g]['esprano:3][kc:'so:g]

-"1" = [rt]

['senrt][m'c:drnrt]['prelrt]['s,r(/a:)ragrt]

-ate - [et]

['ekjurat]['edrkwat]

Bbre3AKanoAIII) {LIBaHEe3afpax.4eHr,reMacKHpoBKa

oKpyxeHr.re[InI,IoHaxKOpCax

CEHAT

vperueplrufiue6o (pra)cypporar

rowrniaograro.urrfi

, [ert] operate ['cperert], create (n uaronax) t 3908. -ate. fatl climate ['klamat], accurate ['ekjurat]

\ [rt] private ['prarvrt], chocolate ['{c(:)kht]

4.1+ LuCyQ = [f] actual['ekfual], future l'f1u:{a} 172

r04 l0s

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climate3corporate3immediate3ultimate3delicateasyndicateapirateaunfortunateaconglomeratesdisparate5frigatesilliterate5intricatdprimate5obstinates

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KJII{MAT

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tdllived firud]died [dard]

nocne HIacHhIx

H 3BOHKHX COTNACHbIX

<d ttl asked [o:skt] nocjre rJIyl(Hx corJracHbD(

I'dlwaited ['wertrd]intended [rn'tendrd]

rrocJre cornacHux d ra t

12. O6patyroulnft nporue4uee BpeMs cy$Sr.rxc -ed npoua-Hocnrcs 3BoHKo -ed = [d] locJre rJracHbrx H 3BoHKHx cofnac-Hrrx. flocle rJryxux corJracHbrx -ed = [t], a nocJre couaurux du t cyQQuxc *tr = [rdl.

13. CyS$Hrc -s nocJre rrurrulrx H cBucrqurux:nyxoe [s, z,S,,[, e], a raKxe uacrofi o nprrHr{Maer Soprray -rt = ftzf . floc:rernyxnx corJracHbrx -s = [s]. B ocralruux cryqarx (nocle r.nac-Hbrx r{ 3BoHK}rx cornacnrn) -s = [z].

[_---f_----T_--_.-__-_'--_I I ts] i

maR -mans [maps] I nocne rnyxnx corutacurr" l

-s '

r r" I lzl j bed beds [bedz] i uocne rrracHbrx

]_f_'_Ll-

flys [flaz] ] n rnoHrcux corracHbrx10. -ile , exile['eksarl], mobile ['moubarl]

-isd-ize) \ r^., exercise ['eksasaz], realizc f' nelarzl-ite .-7 Latt satellite['sretalart], appetite ['eprtalt]-fy / electrifY [r'lektnfal]

<sI

[o]

size - sizes f'sarnz]Negro - Negroes['ni:grouz]

11. -o = [ou] studio ['stfi)u:drou], potato [pa'tertou]

IIocJle rxunrlllux ncBI,tcTrrIIux 3ByKOB

[s,2, S, J, 0], a raKxernacuofr o

12. qTEHHE MHOTOCnOXHbtx cnoB

l.Cp".a MHorocJroxHbrx cJroB (rpa c:rora u 6olee) uox-Ho BbrreJrnrb rpynny clon, o6pa3oBaHHbrx r.t3 oAHo- r,r ABy-cno)KHbrx cJroB nyreM Ao6asreHns npe$urcon u cy$Qnxcon.

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npoH3Hocr{Tb oAHo- H ABycnoxHbre ocHoBbr.2. Vz oerailIrlrxcr .ILrrraHHbIx cnos 6oruur{HcrBo qnTaerct

c ocHoBHbrM yAapeHr,reM Ha TpeTbeM oT KoHrIa cJroBa cJrofe H

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rrpeArrprrrTr.reAOBOA

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['rerumal]['tred5rdr]['menjual]['fienaral]['prezdant]['enafir]['refarans][ 'mrht(e)rr]['srlrnda][r'kcnamr]['cparert]['pohsr]['mcnrte]['trprkal]['kreravren][,klerr 'net]['mendarrn]['peradrks][ 'serrma(u)nr]['serrbrel][,serr'nerd]['kcrana]

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rrlrurqurrfiKapaBaH

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uepeMoHHtLrogrosoftcepeHaAaCJIC.qOBATCJIb

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2-si-li

I- ty- ty.

B unorocloxHbrx cJroBax poJrb KaxAoro orAeJrbHoro3ByKa c rorrKu 3peHur rrepeAaqrc HuQopuaquz orHocr.rreJrb-HO MeHbIIIe, r{eM B KOpOTKLIX, nO3TOMy yflporUeHr{e nporr3-HorrreHr{r rJracHbrx (.rreuue orKpbrrbrx cJroroB rro [paBHnaM:axprrrux) 3Aecb He cBr3aHo c plrcKoM 6olrruux r.trSop*ra-uHoHHbIx rrorepb. Jlerxo npeAcraBr,rrb, rrro rronyqr{Tcr, ecnunpoAenarb noAo6noe c oAHo- r{ ABycJroxHbrMr,r clonaun. Crro3r.rrlnr,t xe <ygo6crBa> npou3HoureHus 3ByKn 3aKpbrrbrxcJroroB rrpoqe.

5. Oco6yro KoMMyHr{KarHBHyro ponb B pequ r.rrparor or-prlrrarenbHbre npe$urcu, MeHrrorlne 3HarreHur cJroB Ha [po-

108 109

THBOTIOJIOXHbIe, [o3ToMy oHI',I, KaK TIpaBHJIO' nOJIyqaIoT ca-

MOCTOflTeJrbHoe yAapeHHe, He BJrt{tK)Iqee Ha pa@TaHOBKy Apy-

rr{x yAapeHl,Ifi B CroBe:

un - ,un'pack in ,in'activenon - ,non-'ferrous im ,im'moralde - ,de'mobilise ir ,ir'regularrlb .disen'gaged il ,il'legalmb - ,misunder'stand anti ,anti-'fascist

6. AHanornqHbIM csoficrsoM o6laAaer npeQHxc re-, o6o-

sHa.rarculuft noBTopHocrr AeficrsNs: to fill' to' re' fiII, to e' lect

- to're-e'lect.Tau, r4e npeQurc re- He o3Haqaer rIoBTopHocrI{

Aeftcrrlils, oH Moxer 6urr rax yAapHbIM, rax u 6cyAapHbIM:

to re'act, to re'fer, to re'port,'relative'7. B anuuficKoM fl3blKe ecrb npI'IMepbI' KorAa p:BHbIe qac-

Tr.r peql4 I{MeKtr o.{HHaKoBoe HanHcaHHe. YgapeHue Ha nepBoM

cJrore (aaxe ecJIH oH upeQuxc) B 3TI{x cnyqatx xapaKTepHo

Ant cyqecrBHTeJIbHbIx H npl{JlarareJrbHblx. B marolax u na-

peqllfl x y Aape}llilfl' cMeIIIaIOTCt Ha nocneAylolrlHe cJrorn:

increaser['rnkri:s] ,? rpupalqeuNe - [tn'kri:s] v yrennuuBarbct

producer ['prcdju:s] t? cerlbxo3rlpoAyKuut - [pra'dju:s] v npo-

H3BO,trI4Tbally'?['relar]n coIo3HI,IK - [a'lat] v noAAepxllBarb

conduct2 ['kcnfukt] t? rIoBeAeHI'Ie - [kan'drrkt] v nponoAnrl

contract2 ['kcntrekt] n KoHTpaKr - ftcn'trekt] v 4oroaapunarrcxexport2 ['ekspc:t] ,? BbIBo3 - [Iks'pc:t] v 3Kcnoprl'IpoBarb

import ['Impc:t]n BBo3 - [rm'pc:t] v BBo3I'Irb

frequent2 ['fri:kwant] adj uacratfi- [fri:'kwent] v lauacrurr

perfect2 ['pa:fiktf adi couepureuunfi - [pa: 'fekt] v coBepllreHcrBo-

BATb

progress2 ['prou(/o:)gres] n ycrexu - [pra'gres] v nporpeccH-poBarb

project2 ['prcfiekt] t? npoeKr - [pra'd5ekt] v npoerrxpoBarb

prospect2 ['prcspekt] t? repcreKrura - [pra'spekt] v nponoryrrr

reonoropa3BeAKyprotest2 ['proutest] /, rporecr - [pra'test] v nporecroBarb

l l0

refuser [' refi u:zf n rutav^- [rr' {u:z] y orBeprarbsurvey2 ['sa:ver] n o6creAosalane - [se'ver] v o6cle4orarrtransfer: ['trensfa:] /, nepeMerueHue - [trans'fa:] v nepeMerlarbtransport2 ['trrenspc:t] n rpaHcropr - [trens'pc:t] v rpaHcnop-

TIlpoBaTb

combats ['kcmbret] n 6oit - [kam'bet] v lo6exgarrcontests ['kcntest] n copeBHoBaHr.re - [kcn'test] v copennoBarbccconvert3 ['kcnva:t] ,? orcrynHr.rx - [kcn'va:t] v xouneprupoBarbconvict3 ['kcnvlkt] n ocyxAeHHtrft - [kcn'vrkt] v npurHaBarb

BHHOBHbIM

desertr ['dezat]n \ycrbrHfl, _ ldt'za:t] y noKvrarbdiscounts ['drskaunt] n crvrrKa- [drs'kaunt] v He yqr.rrbrBarbentrance3 ['entrans] r? BxoA - [rn'tro:(/e)ns] v yonerarrexcessr ['ekses] adj lo6avounufi - [rk'ses] r ng6uroxexploitr ['eksplcrt] ,? npilKrroqeHr.re - [rks'plcrt] y 3KcrrrryarH-

poBarbpermitr ['pa:mrt] n pa3peueHue - [pa:'mrt] v pa:peruarraccentl ['eksant] n ylapenue - [rek'sent] y aKrreHrr.tpoBarbcompounda [' kcmpaund] n cuecr,, adj cocrasuofi - [kam' paund]

v ycJroxHtTbconstructr ['kcnstr,rkt] n xoucrpyKrrr,rq - [kan'strzrkt] v coopy-

xaTbdecreasea ['di:kri:s] r y6uoauue - [di:'kri:s] v y6rnarrdefecta ['di:fekt] n aeOexr - [di:'fekt] ]' repeMerHyrbctdigesta ['darfiest] /r pe3roMe - [dal'fiest] r, nepenapr{Barbdischarger ['drs{o:fi] ,? yBorrbHeHr{e - [drs'tJo:S] v oceo6oxsarrescortr ['eskc:t] n 3cxopr - [es'kc:t] y corpoBoxlarbessayr ['eser] /? oqepK - [e'ser] y corpoBoxr:Iarbextractr ['ekstrekt] n 3KcrpaKr - [rks'trekt] r' l l:uexarlfragmentr ['fregmant] n o6,rorvrox - [frag'ment] u pacv,reHrrr,insertr ['rnsa:t] /? BcraBKa - [rn'sa:t] y BcraBJrsrbinsultr ['rnsa,lt] n ocxopSleune - [rn'snlt] v ocrop6nrrroutrager ['autrercfu] n HefoAoBaHne [,aut'rerft] ] ' Bo3Myrlarbcompress5 ['kcmpres] ,? KoMnpecc - [kcm'pres] v cxuuarrconscripts ['kcnskrrpt] n npuauaHuK - [kan'skrrpt] r' npn:lu-

BaTbct

conserve: ['kcnsa:v] /? Bu:f AxeMa - [kan'sa:v] r,coxpanaru

ul

consort5 ['kcnsc:t] n cynpyr(a)CTBOBATb

consummates [kan'srrm atl adi3aBepIIraTb

MoHapxa - [kcn'sc:t] v coorBer-

3aKoHqeHHbrft - [,kcnsn'meIt] v

converse5 ['kcnva:s] r,l nporl,IBonoJloxHoe yrBepxAeHI'Ie -

[ken'va:s] v 6eceAosarrdiscourses ['dIskc:s] t? pa3roBop - [drs'kc:s] v AncKyrupoBarbexcise5 ['eksarz] n aKIII,I3 - [lk'sarz] v Bblpe3arbferments ['fa:ment] n 6poxeHue - [fa'ment] v ra6pogurrimplants ['Implo:(/re)nt] n ur*anraHraHr - [rm'plo:(/re)nt] v Ha-

caxnaTbincenses ['lnsens] n raqar - [rn'sens] v se6ecxruintern5 ['rnta:n] n craxep (npav) - [rn'ta:n] v HHrepHI'IpoBarb

intrigue5 ['Intri:g] n vHrpvlra - [rn'tri:g] v 3aI'IHrpI'IroBarboverhauls ['ouvahc:l] r npo$unarrllKa - [,ouve'hc:l] v o6cry-

XI,TBATb

perverts ['pa:ve:t] ,? I,I3BpaIIreHue - [pa'va:t] v conpaularr,rampage5 ['remperd5] n xpocrr - [rem'perfi] v nponecrucb

ra6yuor"rrebounds ['ri:baund] ,? orcKoK - [rl 'baund] r'otcxaxnnarr

recounts ['ri:kaunt] n repecqer - [rI'kaunt] v H3Jlararb

affrx6 ['efiks] n aQ$uxc - [a'fiks] v rpllKpennqrbincarnate6 [rn'ko:nrt] adi ottutrcteopxrouuft - [,rnko:'neIt] v

BOIIJIOIUATb

incline6 ['Inklarn] ,? cKJIoH - [In'klaIn] v cxnonarr(cr)interdict6 ['lntedrkt] n 3anper - [,rnta'drkt] v sanperuarrprostrate6 [' prcstrelt] adi pacnpocreprrtfi - [prc'strert] I' ucro-

IUATb

13. AHT'|UnCKnEyl (HEAHrn UfiCt<ne, co3BYHllg

B cugreue aHuuficroro enyxoo6pa3oBaHnc MoxHo Bbl,qe-

nvrb psq\ oco6eHsocrefi , no:norqloulux nyqme ocMbIcJII'ITb

HeKoropble I,I3 pa@MorpeHHblx BbIIIre npaBl4n. Kar yxe orMe-qaJrocb, anrnuftcxNe uono$roHrlt no creneHn oKpyrneHHocru

tt2

ry6 genxrcx Ha rpu fpynnbr (c oxpymeHHbrMu, HeftrpiurrHu-Mv u pacrflHyrbrMrl ry6auu). PacnoloxuM r,rx BAoJrb KoopAtr-HarHbrx ocefi or xeftrpamHoro 3ByKa [a] r noprgre HapasraHr.rtoKpyfneHHocru ry6 (ta6utmzaunu) vxtu Lrx (pacrrHyrocrrD)(puc. l). Oruernu, r{To Anq 3ByKoB, coorBercrByroqux xpafi-HHM noJroxeHlrsM Ha yKa3aHHbrx ocrx ([i:] u [u:]), xapaKrepHaHan6onrurat creneHb 3aKpbrrocru.

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- nrrb rrepexoAoB r{3 npoMexyroqHbrx cocrocHnfi e xpafi-Hue ([er] , [ar] , [cr] , [au], [ou]) ;

I l3

- ABa repexoAa Lr3 KpaftHr.rx cocToflHHft B HefiTpiulbHoe([ua], [re]);

- oAr4H nepexoA B rrpeAenax HefirpamHoro cocrotum - [ea].Tarnrra o6parou, peaJrbHo nocrpe6oaaHHblMl{ oKa3blBator-

ct .IIaneKo He Bce Bo3MoxHbre coqeTaHnt ucxo,IlHblx KoMno-

HeHToB. TeopervvecKn, B rracrHocrl,I, JIerKo rrpeAcraBltrb

3ByKocor{eraHNa [Iu] u [ur], coeAHHJIIouIue xpairune floJroxe-

HHr cxeMbr puc.L OAnaxo npn nonblTKe I{x [pou3Hecrn sraHo-

Bvtrcfl rcHo, qro B 4uQronr KaK eAI{HbIfi enyx oHL (He

cKJraAbrBarorco> (ooeuoxHo, r{3-3a cJIrrIIrKoM 6onruroro <<pac-

crorHr,rs> Mex,qy ucxoAHbrMH KoMnoHeHTarraIE). B pe3ynbrare

co3Byque [ru] r conpeMeHHoM aumNficxou t3blKe npaKrnqec-

Kr{ He Bcrpeqaercs. Byxnocouerauue iu, na6nroAaeuoe npel{My-

urecrBeHHo o 6eayAapuux 3us,u.ns.x HeMHorl{x cJIoB

ITHOCTpaHHOTO IIpO}ICXOXAeHI{I, q]ITaeTct B COOTBeTCTBT4*| C

rrpaBr.rJraMu peAyKrIHI.r xax [ra] uru [a]:

genuinesruin3suicide3fluid4ambiguity5annuitysconduit5fruition5Jesuit5tuition5

['fienjum]['rurn]['sjursard]['flu:rd]

ucxpeHHnfrKpyrxeHr.recarrtoy6nftqaXI,IIIKOCTb

[,embr'gju:rtd ABycMbrcrreHHocrb[a'n(i)u:rtr] roAoBar peura['kcndfi)urt] rpy6onponos[fru(:)'rJan] pe3yrrbrarr.{BHocrb['sez(/g)fi)urt] :ae3yrrr[t(i)u'rJan] o6yvenue

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['mi:djam]['pri:mjam]['sterdram]['travrmfl['krlsram]['fii:njas][ 'soudram]['kroumjam][, i :kwr'hbrram][Sr'rernjam]['hi:ljam][meg'ni:zram][mr'lenram][,mcra'tc:rram][pa'tesjam][ 'rerdjas]

cepeAr{HanpeMr4f,sraAr{oHTOpXeCTBO

xa-nruufrrennfrwarpuhxpoMpaBHoBecrrerepaHbrelufrvarsuiiTbICflI{CIETHE

uoparopufiraruftpa.qHyc. cnltqa

B 6o.nsruuucrse 6oree ynorpe6ureJrbHbrx cJroB, orHocr_uryrxcr K rpynrraM qasrorHocru 2,3,4, n 6yxnocoqeraHnn uitllrraercr lu6o nepnat, ttu6o BTopar rracHas. fruit2 [fru:t]Qpl*, suit2[su:t] KocmrcA,t; ua6op, guide2 [gard] eud, gwtarl[gr'to:] zumapa, guildo fgildl zurcdun (c.v.. rarxe crp. 95).

A sor rryn [iu:], B clrny npe4elrHofi KparKocrn BxoArrqe_ro B ero cocraB [], oxasunaercr BnoJrHe x[3Hec[oco6nHu r.rAaxe ycrofiqr.rBbrM B orHorxeHnu peAyKrlnr,r.

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BcTpeqaercr B HeKoTopbrx He caMbrx xoAo-

rrpeuMyuIecTBeHHo 14HocTpaHHoro IIponc-

/r/u$rne 4ar roro, qroFbr BbrTro r^ Avgv-$c 0CAKrlh 3gvK ro/A!/jcl

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Bnpo.reu, AtI.e ycnellrHoro o6paroBaHnt 4uQroHron, oqe-

BI,TFIO, 3HaqeHlle uMeeT He TOJIbKO paccTotHlte MexAy cocTaBIS-

rorrIHMlI, Ho I4 HalpaBJIeHI'Ie nepexoAa. fl-flrr I'Ig paccMorpeHHbD(

BOCbMr,InepexoAoBHanpaBJreHbIBCTOpOHynoBblrueHr'It3aKpbl-rocrlr (or npouexyrotrHbD( uonoxerulfi x rpafiruna) I{ ABa - or

xpafiHnx noroxernaft x uefirpalurouy ([ua], [la]). Pealrca\as

rrMeHHO 3TIIX nepexoAoB orlpeAeflteTct' no-BHAUMOMy' AByMJI

o6grosrerucrBaMu: yAo6croou uonaAaHr{t B KoHeqHyIo cocraB-

nrlotuyro 3ByKa I{ 6olrurefi qficro $nsuuecrofi JrerKocrblo ABH-

xeHI,I.f l peqeBoro a[[apaTa B cTopoHy (3aKpbITocTI4))

(conanpanneHHoro, B llacrHocrl{' c npI'IBbIqHbM}I H MotllHbIMI'I

XeBaTeJIbHbIr"U .qnnXernr-mvrU).TeoperrauecKl{ Bo3MoxHbIe, Ho rrpollrpblBaloq}re no ooo-

lrM Ha3BaHHbIM rapaMerpaM nepexoarr ([uc], [Ic], [ce], [ca],

[ua] n r.A.), B coBpeMeHHoIra anr.nuficroM rpaKTuqecKu He pea-

nlrylorct. Coorssrcrsylou1lle 6yrnocoveraHfi s qacro IIHTaxlT-

cr no npaBlrnav.s*$rruit (cu. pas.uen 10). .(eficru{TeJlbHo' l{3-3a

6rugocrn [cxoAHblx KoMnoHeHToB 3ByKn [epexoAoB MexAy

rrpoMexyrorlHblMn rloJroxeHntr,'u'r ([ce], [ca] u r.n') nolyua-

IoTcgHeCJI}IIIIKoMKoHTpacTHbIMH'acJIeAoBaTeJIbHo'HecaMbl-rrara s$$errnBHbIMI'I C TOIIKI4 3peHnt Boclpl{tTl{fl UepeAanaeuofi

B pequ r,rnQopuaqull. K rortry xe n: rpaftHllx noJloxenuft npo-

uti ,rorru.qurl n nefirp.IJrbHoe ([ua], [Ia]), a He B xarue-'nn6o

npoMexyrollHble. Prg rnyxor yKa3aHHoro rurla flpncyrcrBo-

B:urI{ B ApeBHeaHrnnficrou fl3blKe I'I coxpaHruIl{cb B ptAe rep-

MaHcKI{x fl3bIKoB I'I AI{:uleKToB' Ho B coBpeMeHHou aHuuftcrou

B pe3yJrbTaTe (ecTegTBeHHOrO Or6opa> ocTiurHcb ToJIbKO HaI{-

6onee ss$errunubre B cMbrcJre y4O6Crna flporl3neceHvfl, vI n'OC-

npwfftrr^AvtSrourn.flpnnegeuuat cxeMa [o3BoJlter nyqure floHtrb npnHl#rnbr

3ByKoBoro crpot anrnnficroro f,3blKa H He nblTarbct ltx Hapy-

uHTbAaxenpl4Bcrpeqec(opoBoIIHpyIOIrIHMlD)CJTOBaMI'ITI'Inacoat [kout] ncnbmo,boat [bout]zodra' cruise [kru:z] rcpyus,gaard

[go'd] r*po*o, toe [tou] naneq uozu, shoe f[v] my Qnn u t'n'

HaxoAqr orpaxeHl{e o[EcaHHbIe 3aKoHoMepHocrI'I I{ B npa-

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xapaKTepHo 3aBeprxeHue n xpafiHux noJroxeHilsx. Br\.{ecre c<<HefirpaarubrM) 3ByKorra [a] erN noroxeHns coorBercrByrorTpeM cocTofl''wrM peqeBoro annapaTa, B KOTOpbre Jrerqe BcefononaAarb npu 6ernou [por,r3Horxennu. Taxofi npo6neuu HerBO BpeMr BbrroBapr{BaHnfl yAapHbrx HracHbrx, AJrq KoTopbrxxapaKTepHbr o[peAeJreHHar BpeMeHHas [poAonxuTeJrbHocTb r{roJrocoBar Quxcaqux. Ocraaruue xe rJracHbre [pou3Hocrrc,Aocraror{Ho 6erno v B cwry 3Toro peAyrlxpyrorcs.

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[ ] high [hat], thoughght = [t] eight[eIt], night [nart]

gh [fl laugh [lo:fl, enoughght = [ft] draught [dra:ft]

lgl gbetto ['getou], ghost

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nc, nk --, -,.,,,bank [beqk]' uncle1rq, n;, ' I u trl \ anxious [ 'ePkJas]

-ng = [D]king [kt9],long, thing

-nC- = [Dg] single['srqgl], angle

+ e, i, y [nd5] change [{eInfi]nB + e. i. v tosl frnger['frpgal. anger

ph = [fl phone[foun], Phrase

-[kw] queen [kwi:n]. quick

qu .-[t ] unique [ju:'ni:k]. etiquette

tch = [S] match [me{], watch

., - [0] both [bou0]. thing, northt" .-

[a] they[der]. soothe[su:d]

nPlltloxEHuE2

CeoAxa npaBnn qreH[s aHrrrf,cKhx cnoB

- + o [hl who[hu:I, wholewh + (ti+) [wiwhit[wrt]. white

rm = [r] write [raIt], rlrong, wraP

exact [tg' zeekt], examPleexpect [iks'pekt], execute

l-nacnue

qua = [kwc] quarter['kwc:ta]

-"t. = [ea] share[Jea], care

o.,.* ln [ear] parent[ 'pcarant]-- '- + f.r [er] tariff ['tarfl, charity

- hal here lhtal. severe*tu

- ir"l ther; [de;]. where [we aJ

^-*.- -[re] serious ['sranas]. hero

" ' ' ' " - [e l c ler ic[ 'k lerrk]

-ild - [ar] child [{arld], mild, wild

-ind - [ar] find [farnd], kind, mind

ir+Cr - [a:]f irm[fa:m], girl, lrst

-i.s = [ala] desire[dr'zara], fire

ir+l-a - [ara(r)] spiral [ 'spararal]Iarrj irony [ 'arranr], pirate

o/.., = [ou] cold [kould], most

w*6r= [a:] word[wa:d], work

-ore = [c:] before [br'fc:], more

^,+F. - [c:] story [ 'stc:rr]. oral[c] ooral ['kcral], coronation

-*" = [ua] secure[sr'kjua], pure

ur*I;r = [ua] jury['Suarr], during

v+Ia = [i] yes [es], yard [o:d], yell

l lnrpaQur

ai(/y; = [er] aid [erd], away, day

air = [ea(r)] pair [pea], hair

^-- , [c:l cause [kc:zl, daughter"u - io' j laughjlo,fl. auni[o:nt]

aw = [c:] law [c:], draw. raw

,, Ii:.lbettfbi:t], deal, leave

",'- lel head [hed], heavy. dead

--..- [er] break prerkl, geat, steak

\ [ra] real [nal], idea, ideal

,, lalfear [fia], hear, clearear. [a:] early ['a:h], learn, year

\ [eal bear[bea], wear, tear

ee - [i:] agree [a'gri:], between

eer = [ra] career [ka'rra], beer

7 [er] eight [ert], grey, veile(y) . [i:] receive[rr'si:v]. seize

\ [ar] either['arda]. height

eu = [uJ nantral['nju:tral], euphoria

ew - [u:] few [{u:], jewel ['fiu:al]

,, [arl l ie[ar]. t ie, rye. pieie - [i:] brief[bri:f]. field. piece

\ [ara(/r)] dbt['darat], piety ['paun]

,^_ -

[arc) hierarchy ['hararo:kr]rcr - [ra] herce [fias],'pier [pra]

oa = [ou] road[roud], boat, goal

oar - [c:] board [bc:d], roar, boar

_ .- loul toe [tou], foe [fou], hoe* - [u:]shoe[Ju:],

manoeuvre [ma'nu:va]

oi(y) = [cr] boy[bcr],join, oil

^^ - [u(:)] food [fu:d]. book, goodoo

- [n] ur*a $naj. nooa [ilrd]

^^, - [ua] poor [pual, moor, boor""' - 1c:l door[dc:J. f loor[fb:]

'. < [?:]

3arpurui OrxPHruf,c.nor (r/cl) sror (o/cn)

a [re]cat [kat] [ed tat<e [teik]e [el end [end] [i:] be [bi:]

;; r,r $$,Pinlr1 t",r li:rtfilio [c] dog [dcg] [ou] no [nou]u [ir] cup [krP] [(l)u:]nrle [ru:l]

C,ror 3 rrrnaa [o:] car [ko:]€y Ther[ha:]i \,^., I srtlga'Jl! -// ld't

\ myrtle [ma:tl]u/ \ burn [ba:n]o [c:] form [fc:m]

s = [o:]after ['o:fta] half [ho:f]calm[kc:m] Plant [Plo:nt] -chance [So:ns] brandr Pro:nflmask [mo:sk] Past [Pd:st]grasp [gro:sp] class [klo:s]command [ka'mo:nd]

"1 = [c:l] talk[m:k], call [kc:l],

almost [ 'c:lmoust],salt Isc:lt]

tn" = [wc(:)] want [wcnt], watch

120 t2l

7 [aul grurnd [graund], house/,, lnicountry ['k rntrr], enough

ou ! [c:] thought[0c:t], coueh\ [u,] group[gru:P], route

\ [ou] though[dou], shoulder

7 lauel horn ['aua], flour, sotn

L lc] funlfc:1, yurr, Porn [Pr]oot i i"'i jornal ['fia:nl], corrtesy\ [ua] torn[tua], dour['dua]

- faul down ldaunl, how

ow - [oul grow [grou], own, show

, [u:] duc [dju:], true, cue," : t I colleagrr ['keli:gl,-antiqn

\ [el grest[gest], guess [ges]

7 [u:l fndt[ru:tl, crdse, jdce

_. L lailsdde-+ [gaid], suis€- i [tlMld[brldl, goild, gdtar

\ [u(:)r] ruin [ruIn], fldd

CyOQnrcu

d soclal['souJal]-d+f.rrCyQ = $l pendon ['Penfan]-ti Padent['PerJent]-,-r---- - [ll cenwe['senJa]

qz'urc - lsal pleasne['Ple3a]

-t+InCyQ = [f] future['fu:Sa]

-ace - [rs] surface['sa:fIs], Palace

-arle -[erd] blockade [blc'kerd]

-ace I ['s.1 ?ffi t'fr'f]H:*massage

t22

l'"n'-rte; [at]

' [rt]

operrtc ['cParelt](rnaronu)climate ['klarmat]private ['prarut],chocolate

e"r-o = [al

-€r, -re PaPer, metre ['mi:ta]€t -'mt student, exPeriment

-on,{cy tendeocY ['tendansr]-est latcst ['lertast]

i6',-o= lad

-ih exile ['eksarl], mobile

-b{-ize) exercbc ['eksasarz]

-ltc satelllte ['satalart]

-fy electrify [l' lektrrfatl

- = [oul studio ['st$u:droul

, [d] lived [lwd], dicd [dard]+d . ttl asked [o:sktlt

1ra1 waited ['wemd] nocrrc d n t

- - [sl map - maF [maPs]o - ["] bed-beds[bedzl,

fly - flys [flarz]

-es [rz] size - sizes [sazrz],Negroe I ni:grouzl

Hrerre MHorocnoxHbtx cnoB

l. B clonax, r,rMeroupx rlDn c.flora u 6olee, ocHoBHoe yAapg-uue o6rruro craBlrrcr Ha rpsrb€M or KoHqa cJroBa cJrore, a BTo-pocreneHHoe - Ha nflroM or KoHqa: responsibility [rrs, pcnsr' brlrtr].

2. hacnrre B yAapHbx orrpbrrbrx cJrorax raKlD( cros o6Hq-Ho quTarclrcr no rpaBulaM 3aKpbrrhD( cnonoB: tragedy['tra$rdl],deputy ['depjutr], minister ['mrnrsta], policy ['pchsr], typical['trprkal].

3. flo npanr,r-naM orKpbrrbD( cJroroB rrr{Tarorcr r.tracHbre (xpo-ue i) n cJrorax, orKpbrBaeMux rnacsoft i c nocle4yroqxrr,r cyS-Qnxcou, HarruHarou.rMcr Ha rnacuyro: radial ['rerdjal], ferecious[fa 'rouJas], specious [ 'spi :Jas], union [ ' ju:njan], vsr ious['veanas], historian [hrs'to:rran], serious ['srarras], cgrious['kjuanas]. hacrrue i(y) n raxux cJrorax quTarorcr no 3aKpbr-roMy rrrry crrora: minion ['mrnjan], miriad ['mrnad].

4. flo o6urnM rrpaBr.r,naM qr,rrarorct 3aKpbrrhre cJroril, Anr-paQbr lr 3ByKr{, corrporrrBnflmlqrrecfl peAyKunn: audience['c:drans], bayonet ['beranrt], studio ['stfi)u:drou], bulldozer

['buldouza].

flpaanna pegyKqt{n rnacHbtxB 6esy4apHof nosnqrr

l. hacnrre e, i, y H coorBercrByroq[e gnrpaQu ie, ey, ei...peAyqnpyrcrcr r [r], xors, gr.s, e AocraroqHo pacrpocrfaneirBapuaHr peAyKqr,ru n [a], n qacrHocrlr n cyQsnrcax -er, -re,-est, -ent, -mentr -ence, -ency...

2. hacnue a, o, u l,t 6yruoco'reranvs.cyqacrr.leM 3THx rnac-Hbrx au, our, ure... peAyrlrpytorca u [a]: co[lmon ['kcman],album ['elbam], humour ['hju:ma], lacquer [' leka].

3.Atn 6yxnoco.rerauufi cueruaHHoro rlrrra eo, ea, ia, io...Bcrpeqabrcr Bapr{aHrbr peAyxur{u o [ra] r{Jrr.r B [a]: cereal['sranal], sergeant [' so:$ant], meteor [' mi:tra], million [' mrljan],region ['ri:ftan], media ['mi:dra], social ['sauJal].

4. 3ryxn [ou], [u:], [cr] rr.roryr corporrBJrarbcfl peAyKrlr.ru:sambo ['sambou], pillow ['prlou], Andrew ['endru:], turmoil[' ta:mcll], envoy [' envcr].

GoAEPXAH'rE

l . f lpeaucnoBr{e.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2. K.rnrarerrM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l0

3. Asrrrrficrufianr[arur... ................ l8

4. AxrnuficxueconracHhre3ByKr{ ..... 19

5. r l resueconracHhrx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

6. Henpon:rHoclrMbrecoulacHhle .......44

7. AnrnnftcxuernacHble3ByKI{ ........... .................. 48

8. flparmaqrennr HracablxB orKphIToMr{3aKpbrroMTn[axcJrora ..............54

9. .(srpar[n .................. 80

10. 3ux, l , tc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

l l .Hrenue6e3yAapHbD(cnoroB.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

12. tlrexueunorocJroxHbD(cJron............ .............. 107

13.AnrnnficKuen(HeaHnu.Ificxue>co3Bvqtlt ......l l2

flpunoxeHu.r ................ I 18

flpmoxeuue ICrora.r{Merorureoco6oeqrerrue ................... l l8

flprroxenue 2Cnogxa npaB[Jr qreHr{-r axrnnficrnx cIIoB ........... -.............. 120

r

YsKnf, Axaroarf, Oeflopoan,r

Ilpaanna {TeHreaHrnuncKnx c,|oB

Yqe6noe noco6ue

XyAoxectsegxrrfi pegarrop A. A. HexapdoeaKopperrop A. II. Bepecmoea, E. B. pouauoaa

Kovnrroreprarf BepcrKa ,Q. B. Jleuew, A. E. Trcavexxo

flo4uncano B neqarb 01.02.2010- @opruar g4xl0gl32.fapunrypa Times New Roman Cyr. flevarr oQceruar.

O6reru 4 n.a. ,{on.upax 3000 exs. 3axagig6i.

llg.qarearcreo <<AHrororuc))199053, Caxn-flerep6ypl 8.O., Cpeanufi rp., A. 4

rer.: (812) 326-01-27,32GOr-Zg, +7 (91l) 812_55_66sales@bookstreet.ru

Orneqarano no rexgonoruu Ctpa OOO <JlexrxrpaAcr<oe rr3AareJrrcrBoD.

I9I023, Canrr-Ilvrep6ypq yn. Apcenaa*tas, n 2l/|TeaeQon / eaxc: (812) 495-56_10.

tu+fuksy www.anthology.spb.ruwww.bookstreet.ru tu+fuksv www.anthology.spb.ru

www.bookstreet.ru

Modem Dictionary of Phrasal Verbsand ldioms in the Language of BusinessConogyurxraxa K. A.

Axrno'pyccrri cnoeapu <Opasoeue rnaronbt uxAxouu a c$epe gKoHoMl4Kyt u 6usHeca) coAep-xvrr oKono Sfi) r,rgr.rou r 4000 $paeoeux rnaronoB,urxpoKo ynorpe6nneuux B coBpeMexxoi sxoxoul,t-.{ecroI nureparype u e cQepe Aenoeoi KoMMyHx-Kaqxx. l-lenu eroro cnpaBoqHl,tKa - noMoqb qlrrare.nlo B ero cTpeMneHnr4 coBepueHcTBoBaTb cBollHaBb[o/r yTeHrg ],t KoMMyHUXaqrr a ceoefi npooec-cuoxanrxol o6nacru.

Cnoeapu npeAHa3HaqeH Anq cryAeHToa, acn't-paHroe B npenoAaBarenei exoxoMl,tqecKhx By3oB,a rapxe gKoHouxcroB u 6ugxecuexoB. cranKxBaK>u.ll,rxcg e ceoei .qegTenbHocTu c xeo6xo4xMocTbK)qrrarb nr,rreparypy xa axrnricxoM F3btKe no ceoeicneqxanbHocTl,t yrnx roBopHTb no-aHrnrhcxr npuo6qexnr c eapy6exxuMyt KonneraMu.

Xlodem English Grammar PracticeCono4yr.uxrxa K. A.

C6opxux ynpaxxexui cocraBneH Ha Marepua-ne opxrxHanuaux axrnricxltx rexcroB nocneAHxxneT, ocBeqaeT ocHoBHbte rpaMMaTxqecKxe TpyA-Hocrlr aHrnuicxoro q3brKa, xapaKrepHbte Anc reK-croB groHoMuqecKoro coAepxaHxq. C6opxur uo-xer 6urs rcnonb3oBaH Ha 3aHnrrsx co cryAeH-TaMn n acnxpaHTaMr SKoHoMxqecKHx By3oB, a TaK-xe Moxer 6uru nonegeH Ann cneqranucroB.

Axrnricxri ngux Arrn acnrpaHToBEencroea E. 14.

Y.{e6xrx npeAHasHaqeH Ang noAroroBxr acnx-paHroB 14 @lrcKareneh ryuaaurapHHx, ncxxonoro-neAaroruqecKrx h ecTecTBeHHo-Hayr{Hbtx cneqx-anuxocrei K cAaqe KaHAxAarcxoro oK3aMeHa noo6qexayvxol grcqunnrxe <l4xocrpaxxui cabtK).ero nepaoe yre6xoe noco6re, no3Bonf,Klqee KoM-nneKcHo noAroToBxTbc9 K cAaqe KaHAXAaTCKOTOoK3aMeHa.

English Grammar BookYreecxas H. fl.

Floco6re npeAcraBnf,er co6oi nonHoe H cltcre-MarrqecKoe onxcaHre uopQonona.{ecroro crpoq @BpeMeHHoro axrnricxoro g3uxa x y3noBbte reMblchHTaKcrqecKoro crpog, qacro npeAcraBngpulhe3Haq!{TenbHbe TpyAHocrx Ang r{aqxxcg npr x3} {e-xru. Oxo npqAHa3HaqeHo Anf, )^raqxxce Vll-Xl xnac-@B rlKon c yrny6nexxuM h3f{eHleM axrnnicxoroq3HKa, rumxagnl, nhqeeB lr nlrq, 3€tHxMatoqltxcq aH-rnrisoru sguKoM Ha Kypcax lut4 c€lMocrorrensto.

l-lenu noco6uq - nogHaKoMt4Tb tt3yqatou{ttx aHr-nnicxnil s3brx c crcreuoi rpaMMaruqecKltx npaBrn,.{ro6u cnoco6creogaru ynyqureHr}o HaBbtKoB npa-grnuxoi ycrxoi r n[cbMeHHoi pevu. OnrcugacrpaMMar[i{ecKre nBneHuf,, rx Qopuut u Qyxrqru,aBrop cTpeMlrflcr npeAcTaBltTb c€lMyn coBpeMeH-Hylo r3br{oByro HopMy, hcnon$yeMyp e HoeeiuJeiaHrnnicxoi yve6Hoi nhreparype.

English & American LiteratureYreecras H. n.

Kxrra npeAcraBnser co6oi nexqru no nporpaM-Me, yrBepxAexxofi gnc uKon c yrny6nexnuu rspe-xuem axrnuicxoro R3brKa. flen4rara BKntoqator rpancair eurufr o6aop paanrr{Hbrx nxreparypHbrx HanpaB-nexni, ctunefi, ulKon, a raffie xh3HeonucaHue vt aHa-nltg TBopqecrea nhcarenel u nooroB 3a nocneAHre,eecnrb BeKoB. floco6ue oxaxer HeoqeHnMyo noMou.lby {au{}'tMcg h npenoAaBarencM uJKon n By30B, a ralo|(eBceM h3) {atoqru axrnuicxui csutx.

An Introduction to Environmental AwarenessCrenaxoaa H. A.

Y.te6xoe noco6re npeAHa3HaqeHo Anf, cryAeHToB,MarrcrpaHToB u acnupaHToB xHMt4qecKoro npocph-ns, cneqlranhcroB B o6nacru oxpaHbr oxpyrxanqeicpeAbr 1.1 , crpeMflulHxcfl pac-

ul4pr4Tb HaBbrKh BnaAeHxg aHrnnicxvru R3btKoM.Texcru noco6ug orpan<ator coBpeMeHHbte B3rns-

Abr Ha ocHoBrue npo6nenu oKploKapqei cpegu,r(oropble npro6penu rno6anuxuti xapaKrep, h no-ncxu nyrei ycroivuaoro pa3Blrrufl.

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Glimpses of BritainMrH,{exroe A. l-.

Y.{e6xoe noco6ue nocBcr4eHo ncropuu u co-apeuexxoi xx3Hl.t Bennxo6puraxru. B xpoHo-not?tqecKoM nopgAKe onvlcaHbl ocHoBHble rcro-puqecKre co6uruc vr nxqHocrvt, oKa3aBureBnxgHre xa QopurapoaaHue 6prraxcxoro ca-Moco3HaHvrq x (ynbrypbr. Orgenulroe BHlrMaHueyAeneHo xcropt4r.r apxnreKrypHux crunefi. floA-po6Ho paccuarplrBaercn coBpeMeHHoe cocro-RHUe MoHapxux, crcTeMbr rocyAapcrBeHHoro uMecrHoro ynpaBneHnq, napnaMeHTcKan r cyge6-Hac crcTeMbt, a ra|o|(e Bonpocbr, cBg3aHHble cHaqxoHanbHbrM HacneAlreM r rocy4apcreexxoicrueonrxofi. floco6ne Brnpqaer e ce6n nepe-eoAqecxvri rnoccapui c $oxerrvecroi rpaHc-xprnqrei r xpecroMarxo, BbrxoAcu{ylo orAenb-Hoi xxurofi.

English Grammar in Depth: VerbalsMrHqexxoa A. l-.

Knura coAepxur coBpeMeHHoe onucaHre He-nrqHux $opu rnarona (ux$uxurrBa, repyHAufl,npuvacrne). Cocrorr rs 2 qacrei. Teoperrvec-Kas npeAcraanner Qopuu ynorpe6neHul rna-ronoB B coBpeMeHHotu axrnricroM g3btKe, anpaKThqecKaf, - pa3nhqHble ynpaxHeHnB Aneo6pa6orxu x 3aKpennexrq HaBbtKoB l4x ucnoflb-3OBaHX9 B peqH.

Russian Particles in English TranslationMrxqexxoe A. l-.

KHnra npeAxa3HaeeHa gnn cneqrabnvtcroB-ne-peBoAr{r.rKoB x Ane rex, Kro [HTepecyercn aHrnui.-cKr4M R3uKoM. Oxa nouoxer paso6parsca B MHo-rOql4CneHHblX 3HaqeHxtx pyocl0/|x r{acThq, a TapKeB Bo3MoxHocru nepeAaqx grl.tx 3HaveHrI s aHr-nricrou s3brKe. floco6ue coAepxxr ra6nrqupyccKo-aHrnvrfi cxux cooreercrelti, a rao(e npaK-rurryM 4rte ) {e6xux qeneI. C nouoqsn eroi xHuru

i'MoxHo ynyqr!],rrb Kar{ecrBo nepeBoAa, npxAaBeMy 9Mor.[,loH€rnbHocTb l.l TotlHocrb.