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DESCRIPTION
ElectronicsTRANSCRIPT
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. IT=1 D+ITp UD= UTp . 2 D1 , , -
(2h) , D1 -
. . ,
, -
.
6 "D" 81
-
7/17/2019
82/245
. I102.
() .
. -
1 0 % . .
I103 . . .
. . . -
,
(
), . I104
-
. - 0,5%(k= 1%
5kHz). 5W = = 0 , 8 5 (-
). 1
. I101
. 1100
82
-
7/17/2019
83/245
. I97. 2
. I102,
. , -
. . .
.
. I103
. I102
. I104
83
-
7/17/2019
84/245
7.
(Senak, P. IR 1965 .)
,
... 9 5 % . - . . ,
(. I105 ).
-
(. I106 ).
-
. . . , -
a
. I105
84
-
7/17/2019
85/245
.
R1 1,
UBB 1 2.
. I105
. I106
... (/max) (UT/UT)
(Uc/UCmax) ,
= /0;max = 0,92;
P = UT2 / 2RT ; P0 = E0IC .
,
. . . 9 5 % 1MHz
. I106 . . I106 -
,
85
-
7/17/2019
86/245
. -
.
PNP NPN -
.
8. D
(W ire le ss W orld, 1967 .)
,
1965 ., Ferr anti ,
.
D.
. . ., -
.
D" P J .
Baxandall 1959 . ,
.
, -
, , -
.
. . . 9 7 % ( ).
.
I107 -
-
3W.
o
1
55 kHz.
-
-
(
-
).
-
. L4
2 , 5 m . -
LA2Mulard 100 .
. I107
86
-
7/17/2019
87/245
3 , (L
2+L ),
. - , -
.
9.
D (Chudobiak, W. I.
D. F. P ag e 01. 0 2. 1962 .)
D -
, - (180). -
-
. . D -
, , - , -
. , , - ,
... ( 90%).
. I108 . I109
D ( - ) -
. . I108 .
. I109
. I108
,
.
:
87
-
7/17/2019
88/245
) :
) :
. 1109
I ce , a C . . .
( ).
, . . .
,
88
-
7/17/2019
89/245
.
,
, - , . -
,
.
. .
.
. ,
. . . D ,
0,1 ( 10W )
0,01 ( 10 W ). D :
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;
) .
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e
,
.
,
.
,
. ,
, -
t3
(-
,
) , -
tc,
.
,
.
-
. -
( . . ).
89
Ucesat
-
7/17/2019
90/245
.
D
.
( ) .
. I110
1. (. I110 I111 ), -
-
RC ,
, . I110 I111 .
2 . .
, (. I111) .
( ) -
-
. ,
, -
. -
-
.
90
-
7/17/2019
91/245
. 1112 -
() -
( )
,
. I111
tc
t3 (tc > t3)
,
, . I113 . . ,
.
.
,
.
. .
(.I110).
>
91
-
7/17/2019
92/245
-
( ) .
:
I ;
I ;
;
UCm
;
;
.
. I112 . I113
. I 1 1 4
. -
.
92
-
7/17/2019
93/245
,
, -
.
50 MH z,
= 500 kHz, E = 50 V, = 100 p F UCEsat=O . 1 , 2 3
.
. I1146
, tc>t3, . I
114 tc~t
3 .
. . . -
, ( )
. I114 . I115
.
,
, ,
~
93
-
7/17/2019
94/245
(. I118).
. -
. ,
. I116
, ,
.
-
.
(. I108 I109).
94
-
7/17/2019
95/245
. -
. . I115
.
, , ,
( ),
.
, .
. I116 1000 W
500 kH z. , -
, -
-
. -
( ), -
.
. -
2 N 3 2 6 5 . ,
.
.
.
. .
, , -
.
.
-
1000 W
.. . . 90 %; .
10. 28 MHz D
( D z .A . G s ch w in dt , 1 0 . 1 9 7 1 . )
. I117
28 MH z, -
.
. . -
.
. I118 . . . -
,
95
-
7/17/2019
96/245
D, 33W
20 V.
a
. I119. , : 1
. I117
. I118
. I119
96
-
7/17/2019
97/245
.
I
120
7 D" 97
-
7/17/2019
98/245
, 2 , 3 ,
4 . .
-
.
. I121
5 6 kHz
, 6 7
, . . 37 kHz.
, . . . :
1) ;
2) ;
3) (, -
) .
. . . 0,9.
98
-
7/17/2019
99/245
-
.
.
. 4,5 kHz.
. I120 .
1 , 2 3. D2 , 4 . -
5 . 4 -
. 8 , 8 7 -
.
, 8.
35
kHz 1 3 1 4
12 . . I121 -
.
D
35 kHz -
, . I122, , -
.
. I122
. I123. 1 ,
2 3 , -
( ), 2
-
.
8 0 W .
2 0 W . . . . 8 2 %
2 0 W . 9.
80 W .
99
-
7/17/2019
100/245
3
100
.I12
-
7/17/2019
101/245
3 W.
. I120, -
.
11. . .
(. H einse n, 1966 .)
. I124
.
. 1124 . 1125
. I126
, . -
(T1 > T2) (3). -
.
.
(. I125).
I126
(
)
. . I126
, -
. -
-
-
. ,
,
. I125 -
. . I126 .
101
-
7/17/2019
102/245
. ,
.
12. D(. G. Mei tde , 1966 .)
-
D. , -
, ,
.
. I127
. I128
102
-
7/17/2019
103/245
,
,
, 1959 . . I127 -
() - () 400 Hz.
(..) .
-
(. I128),
. -
( 1 T2). -
, 3
.
D . 1129,
(), ( ).
/ , 2
.
,
.
( 180) , -
. -
10 500 kHz
1200 W . . . 9 5 % .
, -, .
. I129
103
-
7/17/2019
104/245
. I130
D. -
1. 2
, -
. 3 4.
. I131:
() ().
. I130
1200 W
400W 2x1,5
D.
. 1131
D 600 MHz, ,
.
1 2 0 % ( )
150 200 kHz 20 kHz.
104
-
7/17/2019
105/245
13.
(No rma n . Gr owh urs t, 1965 .)
, -
1956 . , D.
. I132
,
-
,
. I133
-
D,
. -
, .. , ...
105
-
7/17/2019
106/245
, ,
. I132.
. I133
.
. I135. I134
, 3
C4
-
(
), -
.
.
. .
I134, -
3
4
. I133.
.
.
.
. I135 ,
, -
.
-
.
D, . I136.
106
-
7/17/2019
107/245
. 1136
. I137
107
-
7/17/2019
108/245
, - .
, , 5 6,
, . . ,
R1 , R2 1 ,2 R3, R4 3, 4 .
. I137,
. - 50 V 10 - 500 W.
,
1 kW ... .
14. . .
(. . Johnson, 1963 .)
, -, cn.Wirelless W orld" 1963 .
1W, - 15 Q.
. - 10V 15 .
. . I138.
L1 0,5 m
50s. ,
. , - , L1 ,
. , 0,5 .
- (15).
4 5 , 50 kHz.
- D2 D3.
108
-
7/17/2019
109/245
7 8 . T1 ,
. -
1 . , 50 kHz,
.
. I138
200 000
.
-
R2 = 3,3 , 3, R8.
15. D
(. . Joh nso n, 1967 .)
, D
P. J. Baxandall.
5 0 % .
Chudobiak.
(.I139a). 100 kH z.
109
-
7/17/2019
110/245
-
, ,
, .
D
. 139
. -
D , .
, -
, ,
, D
,
, -
.
. 1139 - (
).
, ,
, . -
.
-
-
1% -
.
110
-
7/17/2019
111/245
D,
( ) ( ) -
- .
,
.
, . . , -
. . . . 1 0 0 %
. . . 9 0 % . -
D -
,
.
D -
. . . ,
D, . I140,
, -
. -
-
( ) -. D2 D3 -
, -
. D2 D3
. T4 5 . L1
20 , a L2 250 . 30 V. -
-
.
. -
R5 4 , T
2.
50:50.
16. . . . D
(J. D. Martin, 1970 .)
(. . .)
3
111
-
7/17/2019
112/245
.
40
I1
112
-
7/17/2019
113/245
r
. ,
. . . , , D.
. . .
D. -
D AD BD. -
. -
.
:
;
0 ;
;
3 .
. I141
,
AD ,
AD BD .
8 "D"
113
-
7/17/2019
114/245
,
.
(
). . I141
. . I141a -
AD (ADw1).
, ( ) ,
. . .
AD (ADw2) . I141,
BD(BDw2) . I141.
. I142
. I143
, B D.
. I142
D -
. .
114
-
7/17/2019
115/245
,
, . I143.
AD(ADwl)
. I143.
AD (ADw2)
. . . .
, ,
AD
(. I143 ).
BD
BD
,
.
. 1144
. -
,
.
115
-
7/17/2019
116/245
, , -
AD BD.
-
, - , ()
. -
AD. BD
,
. ,
AD -
, ,
. -
BD , -
. . I144 , -
a(t)
-
7/17/2019
117/245
. I146
U1m ;
u1(t) ;m(Ulm) ;
T .
. I145,
U2
( ).
-
, . . 0 < m < 1 .
117
-
7/17/2019
118/245
e
uT(t) ;
UT .
. I147
. I146 -
.
.
I147. : Uon , U
118
-
7/17/2019
119/245
-
7/17/2019
120/245
-
7/17/2019
121/245
, (. I151). ,
- =0,5 .
-, - . - - . .
. . I152 , - - e. Ya Ya
. -
. - - . -
, - - 98 %.
. I153. , .
,
.
I
150
121
-
7/17/2019
122/245
.
. I154. .
. I151 . I152
-
100 kHz . I155.
. I156. (
),
,
.
-
. I157.
,
-
.
122
-
7/17/2019
123/245
.
. 1153
. 1154
,
.
. I158.
. . . 25%
2,5W.
. I 1 58 .
123
-
7/17/2019
124/245
-
. -
. I159.
, I155 . I156
. I157
803 50 kHz
200mA, 300mA. . I160 ( -
) , .
-
.
,
.
124
-
7/17/2019
125/245
.
.
. I158 . I159
. I160
. I160 - . I154.
-
,
. -
() -
, .
125
-
7/17/2019
126/245
.I160
19. ... D
(Peter A. Stark, 1964r.)
D. , ,
1W 8
. I161. 1 , ,
T2 . 3 ,
(T4 T5 ).
T6 , -
-
, . 7
11
10
126
-
7/17/2019
127/245
.
, -
.
c R21 .
. 1161
.
I162. 2 .
T3 T4
, . -
-
, ,
5 6 . - . R -
.
1
. R9, R
11 ,
.
,
,
24
23
127
-
7/17/2019
128/245
-
, .
. I162
, -
.
10
128
-
7/17/2019
129/245
. . .
D
II.1.
. -
.
:
1) ();
2) ( );3) ();
4) -
( );
5) (, PWM);
6) .
,
, -
. -
; -
, .
-
, -
.
. ,
LC
. . II1 , . II1
"D"8 129
-
7/17/2019
130/245
, . II1
( , PW M ). , -
-
,
.
,
.
. II1
130
-
7/17/2019
131/245
D, D -
[39],
AD BD. -
D.
.
. II2
,
. II2.
-
-
.
-
- -
( -
, ) -
( -
).
-
(
, pulse width modulation PW M, PD M) .
:
II.2. 1. ADw1
-
, ( ). D
, ,
.
D
,
; w
; 0w-
; w0 ,
1 .
131
-
7/17/2019
132/245
, .
- ,
. II3 . II4
( ) ( c ) . , | (. II, II4 II5).
3 1 0 0 % - ( ) -
. AD wl . II, , . II 4 . -
- .
132
-
7/17/2019
133/245
()
-
( ), .. > . -
. II5
, ... , -
(
-
7/17/2019
134/245
. II7
. II6
134
-
7/17/2019
135/245
ADw2
. II6. , . II7 ,
. . II6
. , , L.
, -
( ) ,
,
.
3. BDw2
AD BD
, BD (
)
, .. . " ( )
. , , -
D -
(. II8).
.
,
. II8
: , -
, -
D , w
, 2 .
135
-
7/17/2019
136/245
BD w ,
, ; -
ADw.
. II8 ,
AD w , ,
.
, -
,
-
.
4. D; D
G, D
T, D
M, D
j, D
K, D
W F, D
LC
-
,
( ) ( ), -
, ,
. ( )
. " D
, , -
( . II9 ), (. 1110),
. II9
, , .
, :
D
;
;
136
-
7/17/2019
137/245
D G , ;
D T ,
;
DM
,
( ) ;
Dj ;
DK
, , ..
" ,
- .
-
ADw BD w
.
-
.
ADw BD w
, , ;
I I 1 0
137
-
7/17/2019
138/245
/ LC
( )
, -
.
:D w f , -
,
-
;
DL C
LC
,
, ( ) ( = c ) ; -
-
, .
5. Dwt
,
( w) , -
( ) .
. II11
. II1 1, D w t
.
138
-
7/17/2019
139/245
139
BDw Dwt , -
, -
-
. -
, D w t -
, BD w ADw -
, .
D wt -
LC ( )
.
,
.
, ,
.
D w t -
, () = .
-
, ADw2
.
BDw -
. D wt
" ,
-
, .
6. Dp
. II1 . II12.
-
,
(Ni = kUc ).
,
.
-
7/17/2019
140/245
. II12
7. DF
F ,
. .II 16.
, -
( )
8. D
,
.
9. CD
,
( , , ..)
140
-
7/17/2019
141/245
, , [
,
.
.II13 ,
. II CD. , .II13 .II13
CD.
. II13
141
-
7/17/2019
142/245
10. ED
,
.
( ) .. , F.H.Raab
F N.O. Socal A. D. Socal , S.
II. 3. . . . D
1. . . . ADw2
D -
, -
. ,
-
-
, . . II5 II1 4
AD w l
AD w2 .
(. II15 ) (. II15 )
. II14
. . II16 -
, . II16 -
.
142
-
7/17/2019
143/245
, ,
RCEsat
(.II15). -
. -
UCEsat
.
. II15
20, 2
0 UCEsat , -
. -
,
(II1)
Rceo
143
-
7/17/2019
144/245
20
.
:
(II2)
(II3)
. II16
144
-
7/17/2019
145/245
, o -
, :
(II4)
(II5)
. II16
10 "D" 145
-
7/17/2019
146/245
, :
) -
()
(P 32);) ()
.
, :
1. , (1)
:
2. () :
3. (2) -
:
() ()
:
31
146
-
7/17/2019
147/245
4. ( )
, :
= 1 + + 2 + P ADwl.
( ADw2)
2 .
. II6 II16
( 1 =2) 1 = 2 . ADw
.
(II6)
147
-
7/17/2019
148/245
, , 1 =
2= 0 :
. II16
, -
. , ,
,
, -
.
(. . 0 < < T). (+U)
(U) ,
, (
) -
-
.
(=100%) ADw
( m = 0 % )
(II10)
(II11)
148
(II8)
-
7/17/2019
149/245
149
(II16)
(II15)
(II14)
(II13)
(II12)
Ucm
U =
U (t) =Uc(t)= Ucm sint= 2 ( );
U .
(II11) (II12) , = 1 (m= 10 0% ) , - . Ucm =Um,
u = .
- :
(II13) (II11)
T = =2 . -
-.
. . .
0
I0
.
(II8) (II15), . . .
-
7/17/2019
150/245
(II17)
,
:
m = 1: = ;
m = 1: = 0; ;
0:
. . .
(II18)
. II17
m = = 2
0=
2
2 =
= 0 ;
150
-
7/17/2019
151/245
(II7), (II15) (II17)
. . . 0
, m, R
. .
II17 , , , . -
805 2N 5038.
. . . -
. II17 II17.
2. . . . BDw
. II8 ,
, ,
, -
( ) .
( )
,
, ().
. II18 ,
.
,
,
(II20)
(II21)
151
-
7/17/2019
152/245
(II22)
(II23)
ADw .
BDw -
, ADw,
. I I 1 8
152
-
7/17/2019
153/245
ADw , -
, -
, .
-
.
(II24) = 1
+ + 2
+ 1
+ 2
;
) -
)
) -
)
)
:
(II25)
153
-
7/17/2019
154/245
. II1 5 ,
.
(II26)
,
()
:
(II27)
, -
- , . (II27)
:
(II28)
154
-
7/17/2019
155/245
(II22) (II15).
B Dw
:
(II29)
(II30 )
(II31)
(II15) (1129) , -
A D w ,
.. . .
. . . ,
100 % (. II8).
m = 1 0 < < T :
) m=1, = T, 2 = 0;
) m=1, = 0, 2 = T
-
, ,
B D w , :
) m = 0 ; = 0 ; m = 0 = 0 .
(1129) ) )
155
-
7/17/2019
156/245
0
, , R
,
2 N 5 0 3 8 8 0 5 ( .
II19) .
. II19
156
-
7/17/2019
157/245
3. D
-
, D, Dm
, .
. II20
D ,
[39] .
,Di Dk
157
-
7/17/2019
158/245
. II20 -
.
D ADw
BDw , , . .
() () ,
.
a Dc -
, , -
.
.
, :1. .
2.
3.
4.
(II32)
158
-
7/17/2019
159/245
, ICE 0 =ICE 0 ; UC E sa U =U I =I
, :
=1+++2
.
:
, .
(II34)
(II35)
C Esat 1 C Esa t 1 C Es at 2
159
-
7/17/2019
160/245
(II36)
. II21
. . . 0 R
T
. II21. 1 = = 2 1 2
805 2N5038
160
-
7/17/2019
161/245
4 . DW T
,
, -
.
. II22
"W". , ,
,
11 D"
00
161
-
7/17/2019
162/245
, .
()
. .
. II22
DWT. , D
D W T, ,
(2E0UCFsat )
, , I
,
,
UCEsat . ,
-
0
,
.
10 0%
, -
, . .
m = 1 0 0 %
(II37)
,
, BD
u = 0 ; =0; = 0; i1 = ICE01 ; i2= 1 (II38)
,
,
,
.
-
. . . . -
. II22, :
CE02
(II-39)
162
-
7/17/2019
163/245
, ,
, -
,
(II40)
(II41)
, D ,
=100% (=1).
-
7/17/2019
164/245
4, , (-
)
(II42)
(II45) , . . .
.
. . . .
. . . .
II23 . . .
(1140) (II44), . . . -
(II45)
(II44)
, , 1 = 2 ; = = ; 2= (2+ 4).
(II43)
1 2
= 1 + +2 + ;
164
-
7/17/2019
165/245
0, RT, , 805
2 N 5038.
DWT, -
,
0 < < 2
. II23
165
-
7/17/2019
166/245
D
III. 1 .
, -
,
-
.
(),
:
.
.
. III1 III2 L R. - , ,
. III5.
, -
1 2
.
. III1 . III2
, ,
.
166
-
7/17/2019
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L,
. III, , T1
(Rsat=0), ZT +0,
.
. III . III4
L,
.
R ,
. 5
2 (Rsa t2=0)
0, . III4.
-
, . III5.
167
-
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168/245
,
. -
.
.
LC.
. III . III4 -
, 1
D 1
+0, 1 L1 Z. -
L1 . T1
, -
L1 ( . ..)
D1 . L1
, D1 ,
L1 , Z1 .
, . . .
3 0 % . -
1 , -
.
L C -
, .
1 ,2 ,L1 C1 ,2 ,L2 , ,
.
. III6
. III1 (1 2
, 23
3 4)
.
. , -
.
1 D1 -
,
, 34
. II6.
1
, ,
, 12
.
L 1 ZT. -
R -
. s a t
168
-
7/17/2019
169/245
().
( ), i
.
. 6
I ( t2). -
..., - . -
... iD 1 -
. t3 iD1 .
UT 1
2 t4. ,
.
. III7 (),
(iL1) (i) -
(UE), L1 ZT. L1 -
,
,
.
. III6 -
:
L1
169
-
7/17/2019
170/245
(III1)
. III7
t2 t3 -
, -
... ( eL).
. ZT. 1 , ,
170
-
7/17/2019
171/245
. (III1 ),
:
(III2)
-
1
, 2
L1 L2
:
C 1=C 2=C L1=L2=L.
23 (. 1II6
23).
t = :
(III)
23
,
IL1(23) , ,
= +
(4)
() (4) ,
23 :
(III5)
, (III4) (III5):
I (23)L1
IL1 (12)
23
t3
34
171
-
7/17/2019
172/245
(III7)
(III6)
(III8)
(III9)
(III10)
,
. . . ,
-
:
-
:
12, -
, :
172
-
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(III10) -
(III11)
(III12)
(III13)
(III14)
(III15)
(III16)
(17)
(III18)
(III19)
:
, (III12) -
.
:
/ -
, /
, ,
-
:
(III13) :
173
-
7/17/2019
174/245
(III20)
(III14) (III20)
,
x 0 1 .
.
. (III7) . III7
3 4.
3 4=0,
.
(III7) 3 4 (III13) .
(III21)
-
, ,
.
UT )
= (III19),
(III23)
-
, , ZT .
-
.
(III3)
)
max
( 23
(III22
III
174
-
7/17/2019
175/245
(III26)
(III24),
(III24) -, (III16) (III19),
.
,
(III25) .
(19)
(25)
(III24)
, (23) -
0
,
175
-
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(24) ,
(III34)
(III33)
(III32)
(III31)
(III30)
(III29)
(III28)
(III27)
.
:
z,
(19),
(III30) (III28),
-
,
(III19):
()
.
(III32) (III31),
:
176
-
7/17/2019
177/245
L . - :
(III35)
, . , L, , - :
(III36)
- .
.
( )
, , , - .
(T ) 1 dB
; ( 3 B X C ) 28 dB . (
T
5
) 66 dB.
, - , ( ) > ; > 4 . ( 5
B) >
B > 6 B .
I I I . 2 .
, . III8, ,
12 "D"
177
-
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. III. 1 . :
1. ZT RT -
2.
(III34):
3. -
(III34), -
. -
( ) .
4. ( ) ,
> 5 , .
5. =
. III8
178
-
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6. . . . 0,8
0,9 (III10), :
. . .
:
7. (III22) , -
(III33) ,
8. -
a, b, . a, b L=L,
:
9.
Imax
(III3) ,
:
10. T2 T4 (. III8)
, :
179
-
7/17/2019
180/245
R , -
;
) 2 (4) -
;
) . III8
R, -
; -
R :
)
14. 2 4 -
2 (. III8):
)
13. 1 = 2 =
(III35)
) -
.
12. L2=L4=L -
. ,
I . (III36)
)
;
) UCEsat .
11. , D2 D4
) ID > I ; U >1,5 E0
max
1
180
-
7/17/2019
181/245
) L2 (L2) -
1 (2) (. (III8)
2 (4), 1 (2)
; -
; L1 (L2) -
15 . 1 3
> 3 0 .
16.
ID > I m .
III.3.
,
, ,
( , )
( AD ) ( AD BD) .
,
( -
) .
AD , -
( ) .
BD
.
. III8, -
. .
. ,
,
m I
181
-
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.
.
. -
.
, . III9.
-
, ,
0,1 0,9
(I ). -
,
" ".
,
-
, .
, I ,
, .
. III9
( ) -
.
, I
,
, .
182
-
7/17/2019
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-
.
, -
,
. .
1. -
,
(. III6, . III10 . III11). ,
-
.
, , -
. ",
. III10
. III11
. -
.
2 .
-
,
183
-
7/17/2019
184/245
.
3 . -
, . III8 .
1 , 1 -
.
2.
, -
.
4.
. 1 -
2
2. :
,
T1
, 1 3 .
1 , 1
. -
. . . ,
D1 .
.
.
. III8 III11 -
D 50 500 W.
.
,
. ,
-
, , , .
-
.
III. 4.
. III1 2 .
184
-
7/17/2019
185/245
-
L 2
U2=UBE+IB2R2 (III37)
T2 .
. III12
, (),
a
(III38)
( , -
, ). -
1 R2
1 2, :
(39)
Um L
.
, U1 U2, I (I,), -
.
-
.
-
(III12)
(III40)
R
185
-
7/17/2019
186/245
Q.. -
.
Rn ( )
.
. III13 . III14
,
. III13.
T1 . I I I 1 3 -
, -
. . III13 ,
,
, -
.
, -
. (Z2 ) -
2 ; Z2 ( . III13 ) C2R2.
, ,
.
(III41)
to+ ,
tmax tma .
0 < t< m a x
i2
(III42)
186
-
7/17/2019
187/245
i2
t=0 t= max
(. III14):
(III43)
, -
i2min. , -
L2 (III43),
, Z2(Z CEsat , , =
2
:
(III44)
RCEsat
T2, ;
I2 ,
.
. III13
1) , R
187
-
7/17/2019
188/245
)
i1 ( t) max.
i1 1 .
, -
(III 3 8).
-
(III40).
III. 5. D
D -
-
, -
.
,
. ,
.
,
.
,
,
, D
AD BD. BD
: ,
, , .
. III15 ,
. II I 15 .
,
t =
4 5(III
188
-
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. -
, .
,
, .
. III15 . III16
, -
,
,
,
.
-
( 60 dB). . 16
,
. III17 .
. -
. + ( -
). t=0 es=+c, t= =
=ut=U, -
. ,
, -
.
,
. -
u t uf. -
,
u t (
) uf . ( ). -
R ,
c
c
189
-
7/17/2019
190/245
R1 R2 . , ( ) ,
( + ) , -
es=.
,
. III17
E - ut. - (. III17).
2 , ZBX
,
(III46)
(III47)
(46) t , -
(t) = U
, . .
(III48)
190
0
-
7/17/2019
191/245
(III49)
(III50)
. III18
. III19
,
.
. III18. -
u. -
( . III1 9).
191
-
7/17/2019
192/245
( + ) uBX(t) u(t),
C um(t) = AuBX (t) +
:
um(t).(RT +RS)=u(t)R+u(t)R . ( I I I 5 1 )
Ur
u(t), . . Ur> U . uBX (t)= 0
. u B X ( t )>0, -
u m ( t)>0 (. III19) ; (
) , -
n= kU
BX(t). -
.
-
Ur ( + ) .
, ( ) , -
.
. III19 ( . III18)
, = const ( )
(III52)
U = Ur.
U E .
-
(t)
.
(III49) (III52),
-
, , -
, :
(III53)
(III52) (III53) , -
-
.
,
Bu (t).
S
192
-
7/17/2019
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( ) -
,
.
III. 6. D
, -
,
. -
, ,
, -
.
-
-
, -
,
-
- .
, - , -
.
. III20 . -
u = 0 . , ( + ) ,
( ), () ,
. . .
. III20, -
.
,
. III 2 1 .
(Z u).
Z2 R,
. R
13 D"
. I I I 2 0
BX
193
-
7/17/2019
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(. III22).
,
-
. III21
. III22
, -
.
.
. III21:
(III54)
(III55)( ).
194
-
7/17/2019
195/245
(III56)
u. . III21
:
u1= i1(Z1+RT)i3R1
u2 = i1R1i3(R1+Z2)
Z1 ;
Z2 ;
R1 .
u=i1Z1 ,
u2=K'
uu='ui
1Z
1,
(III57)
u ;
u1 u
2 ;
Ku ;
K'u -
.
(III58)
(III59)
(III58) (III59) , -
, -
.
195
-
7/17/2019
196/245
,
-
. .
III.7.
D
-
, -
, .
, -
( , P W M ), -
( ), - () .
. (,
Switching) , , -
. -
-
RLC
. ,
, .
- -
D III1.
(. II15 )
[51] :
;
0 LCRT -
;
.
196
-
7/17/2019
197/245
IIIl
1
2
3
4
197
-
7/17/2019
198/245
III1
5 6
198
-
7/17/2019
199/245
L (III62) (III60):
( I I I 6 2 )
(III63)
(III64)
, L C R
, - .
(LCRT ) -
:
, -
, -
.
(III60)
( I I I 6 1 )
,
D D W T .
[51]
(III66)
(66) (III63)
T= ( 5 7 ) ..max Q = 7 1 0 .
, ,
,
199
-
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,
,
.
, , , -
. -
, 78,6% [9]. ,
, ,
, -
8 0 9 8 % .
,
, , -
.
-
, , -
. -
.
RLC -
.
D. [7, 8, 9, 11 13] -
,
, .
.
-
[11 12] -
,
RC .
, R.
, -
(. III23), ,
RLC .
-
=2T
T
.R
200
-
7/17/2019
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-
(III67)
. III23
= 6 1,54
[11] , 1%
16 F . ,
-
-
, = ( 5 1 0 ) F .
(III60) (III69).
. . .
,
(III68)
(III69)
(III70)
R
=
201
-
7/17/2019
202/245
-
. -
-
(III71), L, , L e
.
(III71)
;
q ;
.
. III24 .
q = 1000. -
L . . :
. III24
(III69)
= 5 p,F, L= 0,51 mH .
-
, e = 0,5 F , Le 0,55 mH.202
e
,Le e
-
7/17/2019
203/245
IV.1. D
, -
D,
.
, ,
, . .
. IV1
. IV1.
,
.
203
-
7/17/2019
204/245
.
709 -
. IV2
()
. -
, -
.
:
( )
2 N 3 0 5 5 ,
150 W.
-
. . IV2
204
-
7/17/2019
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. -
-
. a , 100 kHz -
. , 100 Hz
. IV3
1000 =
= 100 kHz. -
1000 Hz 100 -
. 10 kHz
10 . . , -
. IV2, -
. -
.
. 1V3
50, 75, 100, 150 200 kH z. , -
,
100 kHz.
,
.
205
-
7/17/2019
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. IV4 =
= 60 kHz 80 W. 1
, 2 .
. IV4
. IV5
,
, .
-
(. IV13).
100 Hz 1000 Hz
.
,
206
-
7/17/2019
207/245
-
.
. IV5 -
. IY6
FH = 1000 Hz = 60 k H z.
,
-
,
.
. . . -
. IV6. -
= 6 0 kHz
1000 Hz.
207
, -
UCEsat /0 . . .
.
,
-
7/17/2019
208/245
, . IV7 . IV8.
= 60 kH z. -
-
,
. IV8
. .IV 9
( ) 100 %.
,