中國大陸崛起與東亞科技產業 版圖變遷
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中國大陸崛起與東亞科技產業 版圖變遷. 中華經濟研究院 陳信宏 國際所所長. 簡報大綱. 一、前言 二、對區域經濟發展的一些預測與看法 三、幾個中國的突出進展 四、中國中長期科技發展策略 五、轉變中的現況與可能的發展方向 六、台灣未來方向的思考. 一、前言. 未來 10 年亞洲國家 GDP 與人均 GDP 發展趨勢. 假設: 台灣 20018-2 年年經濟成長率為 5% 。 資料來源: Asian Demographics ( 2005 ). 中國每人平均 GDP 與總研發支出之區域分佈. 一、前言 (續). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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*10GDPGDP20018-25%Asian Demographics2005
200420092014(M)GDP US$bnGDP(M)GDP US$bnGDP(M)GDP US$bn GDP20.1605.930,14421.1677.832,12322758.234,4641299.81600.71,2311336.72527.31,8911374.63990.22,903223.8257.11,149239.9456.81,904257.1811.63,157127.34663.936,637127.45367.642,132127.46177.548,48925.5115.24,51827.8160.55,77330.4223.67,3554.195.723,3414.3109.725,5124.5125.827,95686.286.41,00294.3134.31,424103.1208.62,0234.2103.424,6194.4138.631,5004.5185.641,24448.2665.413,80549.41100.822,28350.61821.235,99222.7306.413,49823.2450.519,41823.8662.427,83282.644.353688.363.672094.491.3967
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*GDP
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*2015Key issues/
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*196019851995-19972001-2003Flying-Geese patternBamboo CapitalismLily-Pad patternSamsung Economic Research Institute (2006).(decomposition)
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*Actual or Potential Lily Pad type Clusters in East AsiaSamsung Economic Research Institute (2006).
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*UN Population Statistics. Andrew Sheng (2006) The Asian Network Economy in the 21st Century.
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*OECD2005PPP1,13220061,3631,3002005R&D/GDP1.4%2001-0490% OECDGERD(million current PPP$)
200020012002200320042005200698804.1104112.0108248.1112935.4118026.3123391.4129000.4267767.5277820.2276260.2292437.4312535.4324975.2337910.2EU-15175885.1187531.3197755.2202538.9212323.1222579.9233332.344777.152417.665154.276890.893992.0113170.2136261.551543.253279.255673.557455.459115.061176.863310.52001-20045.44.04.34.54.54.53.8-0.65.96.94.03.9EU-156.65.52.44.84.817.124.318.022.220.420.43.44.53.22.93.53.5
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*UNCTADUNEIU(2005-2009) UN12(non-equity R&D collaboration)132006R&D
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*TD-SCDMAWAPIEVD
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*1.2./3./4.5.6.7.8.
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*BOPanchorenclavecorporate mandates
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*
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*1998 5.5 2006 9.5 20105
Economist Intelligence Unit2005
19941999200420092014GDP (US$ bn)244.3286.5306.4450.5662.4542.5991.41600.72527.33990.2/2.22 3.46 5.22 5.61 6.02 Personal disposable income (US$ bn)162177.2226.2323.5462.6268.3528.4857.61356.52145.7/1.66 2.98 3.79 4.19 4.64 Personal disposable income (PPP) (US$ bn)214.6282.8402.3562.77871339.32188.53868.76642.511404.9/6.24 7.74 9.62 11.80 14.49 Number of households earning more than US$10,000 p.a. (1,000)5160.158316732.77747.38527.9315.91252.84037.31176534283.9/0.06 0.21 0.60 1.52 4.02
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*
1980s1990s1990sPCNB//ICICTFT LCD
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*
%GDPTaiwan Statistical Data Book, 2007
GDP2001-2.17-4.630.410.07-4.71-0.402.46-4.14-6.6020024.642.501.620.290.210.392.135.353.2120033.501.710.900.080.320.401.795.523.7320046.157.082.66-0.073.580.91-0.938.179.1020054.071.331.620.120.03-0.442.744.651.9220064.681.050.84-0.030.200.043.636.542.91
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*20
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*BOPlead market de-linked
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*BOP
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*198090
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*1990
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* Lily-Pad pattern
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*
HK
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*(GDP)(/)Lily-Pad pattern()Decoupling of R&D and manufacturing in terms of location(adaptive R&D)vs./technology recipient late-adopter(early stage)
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(-) //*
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*
200520062007(1~10)200520062007(1~11)0.670.540.470.960.740.660.220.180.180.270.240.254.294.444.545.105.035.865.825.395.567.427.107.740.380.350.340.480.420.400.130.130.100.150.130.115.214.313.775.975.264.810.310.210.180.270.230.190.500.490.430.630.620.598.458.218.1710.3110.7211.4722.3022.9922.9825.7128.0426.855.184.674.586.756.376.315.425.735.224.764.865.7719.5720.6321.605.534.413.720.290.320.270.290.290.272.682.853.013.683.293.276.106.907.917.238.207.880.610.530.500.650.580.551.020.890.720.920.790.7510.8510.249.476.426.837.35
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20012004*
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GDPGNPGNI*GNIGDP+
GDP (%) GNP GNP(%) GNI GNI (%) 2000 5.77 102,205 -502101,703 4.05 2001 -2.17 100,542 -1.63 0100,542 -1.14 2002 4.64 105,624 5.05 88105,713 5.14 2003 3.50 110,109 4.25 -1,322 108,787 2.91 2004 6.15 117,060 6.31 -4,405 112,655 3.56 2005 4.07 120,812 3.21 -6,390 114,422 1.57 2006 4.68 126,649 4.83 -8,924 117,725 2.89
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*EUROPEASIAN. AMERICAS. AMERICAOCEANIAAFRICASpringboard to EU gateway for EUSpringboard to EU EU as a HinterlandHub in Northeast Asialeapfrog the regiona First World oasis in a Third World regiongateway for ChinaHK
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* CEPA
//
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*()()()(LCD)(IC LCD )()(IC)
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*()brain diversionVC
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*ICICICIC ICIC
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*once-and-for-allcentral lab.
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*()200672438.2%32%31%16%
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*vs.vs.12+3(4)3Testbed()B2B2C:() totoG--B2B2C:() toto
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*(2005)200555(2004)BP2004
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*www.minebea.co.jp/ICSFiles/afieldfile/2006/02/27/a1999_10_11.pdf(2008/2/23)
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ITGDPGDPGDP*
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(CoPS)*Ren and Yeo (2006)
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*
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*20052007
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*Source: The Economist Intelligence Unzit survey, 2004. UNCTAD20052005-2009
Chart6
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0.08
In which country will your company spend the most on R&D over the next 3 years?
Acr41
In which country will your company spend the most on R&D over the next 3 years?
% Respondents
1China39%
2U.S.29%
3India28%
4UK24%
5Germany19%
6Brazil11%
7Japan10%
8France9%
9Italy9%
10Czech Republic8%
Source: The Economist Intelligence Unit survey, 2004.
Acr41
In which country will your company spend the most on R&D over the next 3 years?
Acr3B
Source of R&D Funds
CountryIndustryGovernmentAcademia OtherFunds from abroad
Austria42%37%0%22%100.00%
UK47%27%6%21%100.00%
Belgium64%21%3%12%100.00%
Malaysia52%32%5%12%100.00%
Netherlands52%36%1%11%100.00%
Hungary30%59%1%10%100.00%
Russia31%60%1%9%100.00%
France52%38%2%8%100.00%
Canada46%25%21%8%100.50%
Denmark62%28%3%8%38.40%
Singapore50%42%1%7%100.00%
Norway52%40%1%7%100.00%
South Africa50%33%10%7%99.90%
Spain49%39%5%7%100.00%
Italy43%51%6%100.00%
Ireland67%25%2%6%100.00%
Portugal32%61%2%5%100.00%
Poland31%61%3%5%100.00%
Switzerland69%23%3%4%100.00%
Sweden72%21%4%3%100.00%
Australia46%46%5%3%100.10%
Finland70%26%1%3%100.00%
Israel70%25%3%3%100.00%
China (Mainland)58%33%6%3%100.00%
Germany65%32%0%2%100.00%
Turkey41%51%7%1%100.00%
Mexico31%61%7%1%100.00%
Japan74%18%8%0%100.00%
Korea (S)74%24%2%0%100.00%
Brazil38%60%2%100.00%
India23%75%2%100.00%
U.S.61%31%7%99.80%
Source: R&D Magazine, Battelle, UNESCO
Source: The Economist Intelligence Unit survey, 2004.
Acr3B
Source: R&D Magazine, Battelle, UNESCO
Industry
Government
Academia Other
Funds from abroad
Source of R&D Funds
selctAcr3B
Source of R&D Funds
CountryIndustryGovernmentAcademia OtherFunds from abroad
UK47%27%6%20.50%100.00%
1Malaysia52%32%5%11.50%100.00%
1Singapore50%42%1%7.20%100.00%
1Australia46%46%5%3.30%100.10%
1China (Mainland)58%33%6%2.70%100.00%
1Japan74%18%8%0.40%100.00%
1Korea (S)74%24%2%0.40%100.00%
2Netherlands52%36%1%11.00%100.00%
2Ireland67%25%2%6.00%100.00%
2Sweden72%21%4%3.40%100.00%
2Finland70%26%1%3.10%100.00%
2Israel70%25%3%2.80%100.00%
3Hungary30%59%1%10.40%100.00%
3Russia31%60%1%9.00%100.00%
3Poland31%61%3%4.80%100.00%
Source: R&D Magazine, Battelle, UNESCO
selctAcr3B
Source: R&D Magazine, Battelle, UNESCO
Industry
Government
Academia Other
Funds from abroad
Source of R&D Funds, 2005
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*2006R&DTo explore new products for the Chinese market, To modify products for the Chinese marketTo explore new products for world marketR&D
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*2006()R&DApplied R., Exploration of new products, techniquesFundamental researchTechnology service and support (products testing)Improvement of products, equipments or techniques
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*2006~20202006-102011-202021-50
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*2120%lead market?20032004
5610156637766499281991522612042339
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*
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*()Ex: ASMLIBMEx: Tier 1Ex: 18Ex: WiMax
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*1980
()198023121637480047711990791858931323412034200014519108882531923019200616030183732767929474(%)19801.25.23.83.519901.72.41.31.8200034.14.93.120063.93.54.82.7
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