: 31 December 2008

vs.

(1)

(2)

(3)

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q

TT Club

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P&I Club

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- (1)Raw materials supplierParts suppliersManufacturersDistribution centresBuyersDistribution centresStorage RisksTransportation Risk

- (2)

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Source : ICC1982, , 12, ,

- (1) (I)//

- (2)/ (II)

- (3) / (III)

(1)

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Remark : 20077 26 NT$ 2M NT$ 70M NT$ 10M NT$ 160M vs. (1)

() - ICC(A)(B)(C) or Stock Throughput()

vs. (2)

()

()

(Hull Insurance)

/(Container Insurance)

(Protection and Indemnity Club)

(Operator Liability)

vs. (3)

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vs. (4)

()

()

()

: IUMI 2008 (www.iumi.com)

: IUMI 2008 (www.iumi.com)

vs. : IUMI 2008 (www.iumi.com)

vs. : IUMI 2008 (www.iumi.com)

: IUMI 208 (www.iumi.com)

1

2

3

4

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7

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Top of the cycle

Top of the cycle

921

MV Hanjin Pennsylvania (1)Hanjin K Lines, COSCO Sentor MV Hanjin Pennsylvania 2002 4 (Dr. Peters Group) Hanjin 11

MV Hanjin Pennsylvania (2) 3,500 60 (declared as UN0336FIREWORKS 1.4G or UN 0337 FIREWORKS 1.4S) 100

32.2 GT 50,242, Capacity 4,389 TEU

MV Hanjin Pennsylvania (3) ( 88 ) 6 Smit Wijsmuller 2002 11 11

2002 11 15 11 15 12 13 16 MV Hanjin Pennsylvania (4)

MV Hanjin Pennsylvania (5) USD 60 M (Constructive Total Loss) USD 2.3 M Zodiac Maritime 2003 7 8 2004 3 11 M.V. Norasia Bellatrix USD 20 MGuy Carpenter USD 235 M

MV Hanjin Pennsylvania (6) Calcium Hypochlorite ()

Source : MV Hanjin Pennsylvania : Explosions at Sea Final Report, prepared by National Fireworks Association

Source : http://www.portbusan.or.kr/chinese/m1/s11/ss2/ss2_2.asp

1998 CLASS 5.1 UN 2880 Calcium Hypochlorite,, MV DG HARMONY 35 ,, 35 ,1997.10 CLASS 5.1 UN 2880 Calcium Hypochlorite,, MV CONTSHIP FRANCE 35 ,, 35 ,1994.11.6 BEADS, CLASS 9 UN 2211 1994.9.27Class 8Class 3 1978.8.15 Class 5.1 UN1452313()35 301974 Class 2.3 UN 21884 8() Category D

IMO 1996 2000IMO 1996 2000 8 19,704 30% Source : IMO - http://www.imo.org/Newsroom/mainframe.asp?topic_id=113&doc_id=2536#draft

Chart1

0.29

0.2

0.15

0.15

0.14

Sheet1

Container Structure29%

Placarding & Marking20%

Documentation15%

Stowage & Securing15%

Labelling14%

Sheet2

Sheet3

MV New Carissa (1)1999 2 3 MV New Carissa (built 1989) Coos Bay, Oregon 30

MV New Carissa (2) Smit Salvage Chief 170 Astoria Salvage Chief 2 9 MVNew Carissa 600 foot Salvage Chief

MV New Carissa (3) 200 ( 70 MK-80 )

MV New Carissa (4) Britannia Club 2003 Oregon USD 340 million USD 1 million USD 25 million Britannia Club Oregon 20089

MV New Carissa (5)2004 6 Britannia Club USD 4 million USD 1,050 State of OregonUSD 25 millionUSD1,500USD 20 million plus USD2.1 million

Collision Tricolor & Kariba (1)MV Tricolor carrying 2,862 units of Saab, Volvo and BMW and 77 Containers (estimated value US$ 50 M), Hull Value US$ 50 M.Case Study Tricolor (14 Dec, 2002)

Collision Tricolor & Kariba (2)Case Study Tricolor (14 Dec, 2002)14 Dec 2002

MVTricolor with MV Nicola at 16 Dec. 2002 & MV Vicky at 1 Jan. 2003Case Study Tricolor (14 Dec, 2002)Collision Tricolor

Case Study Tricolor (14 Dec, 2002)Collision Tricolor Salvage Operation

(Type of Contract, TOWCON, TOWHIRE, UK Standard Towage Contract) (Pilot) (Shipbuilder & Shiprepairer) (Carter Makers)

Oil Pollution MT Prestige (1)42,820 Ton1976 Hitachi, Japan 77,000 Ton Fuel OilABSBahamas From Latvia to SingaporeMare Shipping ( Liberia )Universe Maritime (Greece) Crown ResourcesCrown Resources Unknown (London market) P&I Club London Steamship Owners AssociationSide plating missing!

Oil Pollution MT Prestige (1)11 13

11 14 SMIT Salvage LOF 2000 PI Club SCOPIC contract 16:00 SMIT Salvage 11 15 120 The authorities said "Where it goes after that is not our responsibility"

Oil Pollution MT Prestige (3)

11 13 3,000 70,000 3,000 Oil Pollution MT Prestige (4)

Who Paid for Losses (1)? ( Tradewinds London High Court ) ( Royal Sun Alliance CAN )London Steamship P&I Club US$ 25 M ( 1992 Civil Liability ) P&I Club US$ 1 Billion IOPC Funds (International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds) US$ 180 M ( P&I Club ) (Charterers Liability Insurance) ?Oil Pollution MT Prestige (5)

Who Paid for Losses (2)? Mare Shipping P&I Club ABS US$ 6 Billion Smit International No liability Oil Pollution MT Prestige (6)

188,, .

In Panther and the Fricbank (1986) under similar contract (UK Standard Towage Contract), the tow came into collision with the third vessel. The control operation as in the tug, but all three vessels were held in some part to blame for it. The tug owner contended that the terms of the towage contract provided the crew were deemed to be servants of the tow,.

The court held, as against a third party injured by the act of a servant, the question of liability did not depend on the terms of contract between the tow possible employers, it depends on which employer in fact had the right to control the servant, not only as to what he was to do, but how he was to do it and decided that question against the tug.