,

()

xixt,

=xixt (31) ()()

=xxo (32)

x xo

xo

33 yxo

1() max

()0.0050.020.050.10.20.40.51.01. 52.54.0

1 2007004 oC

0.80.80.51.0

2 01000 oC,7 oC,?

0.51.01.01.00.5

0.050.5

2 ()31

3 a) S x (37) ()

b)

()

4

5. 32

()

6. ()632(T)95(3T

1 (1) (2)

2 (1) ()

(2)

(3) (4)

(5)

33

3 (1)

(2) () DDZQDZ

(39) pFS

(SI)Pa, 11

1Pa1N/m2 (310)

(MPa) 1MPal106 Pa (311)

1984227(PaMPa)31 34

()

1

U 2

3

4

0.050.02

1 35

(1) 1000MPa35(a)35(b) (2) 35(c)()()35(d) (3) 35(e)(1Mpa)

2

36

710-5 Pa5102 MPa0.2

38

420mA DC0.020.1Mpa010mA DC

1

()39ZBY()YX

()

312 UH RH B I

(312)BIUHI320mABUH

2 ()

r1r2r3r431l(b)r1r2U10VU5mV 25Mpa 25000Hz1

3 312

4 (0.5) DDZ

DDZ24V,420mA(DC),

320 KK I0p 54o15otg4412

5 2070420mA(DC)

314

0.2

0.11001036s1500m

1. (1) (() (2)

2/3 1/2 35

1/ 3

() (3)

3 2528MPa1MPa

YX-150060MPa 25/601/313

1.5

YX150060MPa1.5

2 (1)

(2)

610mm50m

110120

(3)

[3l 7(a)]317(b)21

Hg

26p.93 2601.6MPa1.5

?(0.81.0MPa0.05MPa)?

()()

MQ 321 t

322 (t/h)(kg/h)(kg/s)(m3/h)(Lh)(Lmin)

1

2 3. M

() ()

1. (1) 318

() ,

(2) (323)

324 mRe =1

F0 p

1

2. 319dD0.2~0.812.5mmh(0.0050.02)DH0.05D=300450

() 320(a)320(b)

50mm104~105

3 1020() (1) (2) (3) (4) a00450321()

b(120110) c32263p

a b c323

3242

(5) 123325123

()11326

50mm50mm

1. () 327(4030)

VtfAg(325)(p1p2)

(325) pF0F0

h326

2 h LZD (1) LZD328

e1e2 u = e1 e2 0, 0,0.

(2) 329LZD

3 (200.10133MPa)200C200.10133MPa (1) (200C)(330)

(0.03Pa . s)

(2)

(293K0.10133MPa

Q0339 Q1Nm3/h 1kg/Nm3 01.293kg/Nm3

p1MPap00.10133MPaT0293KT1KQ0Nm3/hKKpKT

5 270C0.16MPa38Nm3/h?

(3) 335t7.9gcm3

(2000C)

() 1. AB330

330(a)(b)(c)144Q) Q4nV0 342

n V0

(n)

2

3-31

1

2 35 44

50MPa

105

() 010mA

332 NS()

KBDK

() 10-610-5L/(cm)()

X

39p.93 010L/min7920kgm30. 831kgL?2750kgm3

;;

(1)

(2)

(3) ()

(4) ()

5 (6) (7)

1 34l

p 3-42pH

2 1 pH H=0

2 Hp343

12(21)

(356)(353)(h2h1)2g,H0p((h2h1)2g (h2h1)2g DDZ420mA H0p0I04mAHHmax, p =pmax I020mA (356),H0,04mAHHmaxpmax 20mA

(h2h1)2g H04mAHHmax20mA (h2h1)2g

3 345 H0hgH0phg4mA

05000Pa05000Pa4mA20mA344a

h2h12g = 2000PaH=0(356)ph2h12g = 2000Pa 4mAHpH1gh2h12g 500020003000Pa20mA344b p2000Pa3000Pa4mA20mA(5000Pa) [h2h12g = 2000Pa ] hgH0phg4mA344c

3 346

1()23 346

1 34712

DdCL()

2 348

12243 ()

H (360)KiKi(0)0(0) D/dDd

3 349

I0,, I0(362)IH

350 lI02I

54 ()3 77?

, ()

6000C6000 C

1 352

2 354

(1) (2) 1. 25mm0.150.5mm 3()

3 8000C

() () ()

355

1. ()AB356 AB

(1) AB1t2t0357(a) (Bt0)357(b)(c)

? ABAABBAABAB

358(a)BABeAB358(b),ABeAB(t)ABBAeeAB(t)eBA(t)

359 359(a)tt0eAB(t)eAB(t0)

A(B)359(b)359(a)R1R2E(t,t0) E(t,t0) ABt0eAB(t0)E(t,t0)t

(2) 360 CAB360(a)34360(b)23

360(a)34(t1)Et

360(b)23t0Et ABC(t0)

(3)

l oC ()

()

306() (B)30630016000C18000C400C

10 10(S)102013000C16000C

() (K)5010000C12000C5000C

(XK)50600800 (E) 20000C

4 361

0.30.65mm0.53.2mm3502000mm ()

()18mn0.2mm50m

2 () 362 (01000C)

1000C

3 00C 00C 00C, 00C

100C 00363

(2) 00Ct1

tt1E(tt1)t E(tt1)t100CE(t10)E(t0)

6 E(tt1)66982Vt1300C ()

(3) ()()

(4) 364

()R1R2R3()Rt()RtRt 200CR1=R2=R3=RtabUab0 200CR1R2R3RtababUab Uab

(5) 365

5000C 5000C

()()366

1

200~500

2

(1)(WZPWZB)

0650 oC

RttR0R0RttRtt R100R0R100R100R01.3925R100R01.385 R0 10Pt10R0 = 100Pt100()

(2) (WZCWZG) 50~1500C 1500C(0.017mm2m)

50~+1500C R050Cu50()Ro100Cu100()R100R01.428

3 (1)

()

(2)

(3)

DBW()DDZ 420mA15V420mAl5V

DDZ-DDZ- (1) (2) (3)

1 420mAl5V

(1) 369

(2) DDZ- 370

(3)

2 420mAl5V 37l

1 (1)(900)373

(2)510mm5070mm2530mm (3)374

(4)(80mm)375 (5)376 (6) (7)

2 (1) (2) (3) (4) 5 (6)

65 30 0C0 0C400 0C430 0C??