1.1 1.1.1 ? , /(A/D)/(D/A)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

SSIMSILSIVLSI

1.1.2 : (Combinational Logic)

: (Sequential Logic)

1 !

2

3(PLD) (PLD) 4

1.2.1 1.2 019

: R01R-1RRRR : RR 10100101 . R

RN (2) () R ; n m Ki R 0 Ki R-1 (-min-1)

(3) RiRi (-min-1) R (1) 01R-1R; (2) R10R;

R=2012 N nm Ki 01 -min-1

1011.01: (1011.01)2 = 123+022+121+120+02-1+12-2

A=11001,B=101,A+BA-BABAB

011010 :

R=801788 nm Ki07-m i n-1

R=16019ABCDEF16AF101516 nmKi09AF -m i n-1

015

1.2.2 1 10110.1012 =10 (10110.101)2= 124+122+121+12-1+12-3 = 16+4+2+0.5+0.125 = (22.625)10

2 2 (1) 2N2K0 2K10Kn-1NnKn-1K1K0 2

3510 =2 (35)10=(100011)2

0.687510 =2 (2) 2 N 2K12K20Km N m0.K-1K-2K-m : (0.6875)10=(0.1011)2

:mm+101 (0.323)10=(0.0101)2 0.32310 =2 (4)

(25.625)10=(11001.101)2 25.62510 =2

073000111 1 330 11100101.012 = 8 (11100101.01)2=(345.2)8

(56.7)8 = (101110.111)2 56.78 = 2 3,

414000011110F 2 440 101110.0112 = 16 : (101110.011)2 = (2E.6)

4 5A.B16 = 2 (5A.B)=(1011010.1011)2

1.3 +-0101 Xf Xn-1 Xn-2 X1 X0 +-

1.3.1 X = 0.x-1x-2x-m 01

X1 = +0.1011 , X2 = -0.1011 X1 = 0.1011 X2 = 1-(-0.1011)=1.1011 00.001.00

X = xn-1xn-2x0 X1 = +1101 , X2 = -1101, X1X2 X1 = 01101 X2 = 24-(-1101)=10000+1101=11101 0000100

: ,; 1057+75-51210-510+75+7=125712

1.3.2 X = 0.x-1x-2x-m 01

X1 = +0.1011 , X2 = -0.1011X1X2 X1 = 0.1011 X2 = 2-2-4+X2=10.0000-0.0001-0.1011=1.0100 00.001.11

X = xn-1xn-2x0 0000111

X1 + X2 =X1 +X2 X1 X2 =X1 +-X2

X1 = +0.1110 , X2 = +0.0101X1-X2 = X1-X2 = 0.10010X1-X2=+0.1001 X1-X2 X1-X2 =X1 +-X2 = 0.1110+1.1010

1.3.3 01 1 X = 0.x-1x-2x-m

X 1= +0.1011 , X 2 = -0.1011, X1X2 X1 = 0.1011 X2 = 2 + X = 10.0000 - 0.1011 = 1.0101 00.00

X = xn-1xn-2x0 X1 = +1010 , X2 = -1010, X1X2 [X1= 01010 X2= 25 + X = 100000-1010 = 101101 0000

X1 + X2 =X1 +X2 X1 X2 =X1 +-X2

X1=-1001 , X2=+0011 X1-X2= X1-X2=X1+-X2 = 10111+11101 X1-X2 = 101001 X1-X2 = -1100 1 X1-X2

1.4 1.4.1 BCD 4BCD(Binary Coded Decimal) BCDBCD842124213

0~9842124213

8421 842144232221208421,8421 8421094098421 (1) 842110101111() (2) 8421ASCIIBCD

84214 18421 (258)10 = (0010 0101 1000)8421 (0001 0010 0000 1000)8421 = (1208)10 (2810 =111002 =001010008421 28421

2421 2421: 442421,2421 X2421a3 a2 a1 a0 X = 2a3 + 4a2 + 2a1 + 1a0 (1101)2421 = (7)10 2421 (258)10 = (0010 1011 1110)2421 (0010 0001 1110 1011)2421 = (2185)1012421

(1) 24210101101152421010110106 2 (3) !

3 384210011842133 5358421010100111000 2. 33 (256)10 = (0101 1000 1001)3 (1000 1001 1001 1011)3 = (5668)10 : 1. 3000000010010110111101111

3. 39 4. 3 33

1.4.2 : (Gray) 1. 2.

11 1111()1001() 7801111000 7801001100

3. 00=0 01=1 10=1 11=0

: Gray

2. :1 :1 ,

(7) (1) (1) 1001100 0 1

8421.

4 (1) (2) (3)

1.4.3 , ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange)ASCII7128ASCII

NUL SOH STX ETX EOT ENQ ACK BEL BS HT LF VT FF CR SO SI DEL DC1 1 DC2 2 DC3 3 DC4 4 NAK SYN ETB CAN EM SUB ESC FS GS RS US SP DEL

1.1 ? ? 1.2 ? 1.3 ?? 1.4 ?? 1.5 (1) (4517.239)10 (3) (325.744)8 (2) (10110.0101)2 (4) (785.4AF)16

1.6 (1) 1110101 (2) 0.110101 (3) 10111.01 1.7 (4) (1) 29 (2) 0.27 (3) 33.33 1.8 B=b6b5b4b3b2b1b0 (4)10 ?

1.9 (1) 0.1011 (2) -10110 1.10 =1.0110NNN 1.11 32421 (1) 011010000011 (2) 01000101.1001 1.12 84213 (1) (111110)2 (2) (1100110)2