暨南國際大學通識講座暨南國際大學通識講座

來有影去有蹤的古鎖桃花源來有影去有蹤的古鎖桃花源顏 鴻 森顏 鴻 森

Hong-Sen YANHong-Sen YAN  成功大學講座成功大學講座機械系教授機械系教授 // 兼副校長兼副校長

20132013 年年 1212 月月 1111 日日

Locks have been widely used in our daily life in the past thousands of years.

It is still a myth concerning the origin of the earliest lock in history.

Cave dwellers learned to put heavy rocks at cave openings to block wild animals and protect their belongings.

The oldest locks paired with a key were wooden locks. Ancient Egyptians are deemed to use wooden pin tumbler locks no later than 4,000 years.

IntroductionIntroduction

02Yhs-2013

Ancient Chinese metal locks appeared in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256 BC). Metal padlocks with thin & flat springs

installed inside became popular in the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD)

Most currently available ancient locks were made in the Qing Dynasty in 18th -19th century, with few recovered from ancient tombs of the Tang Dynasty (619-907 AD).

Most locks made before the Sung Dynasty (960-1279 AD) are lost.

IntroductionIntroduction

03Yhs-2013

Motivation Story of Collection Research & Publication Exhibition & Education Heritage & Donation Concluding Remark

OUTLINEOUTLINE

YAN-hs/2013 04

Presenting author’s internal journey with ancient locks since 1986, including motivation, collection, research, publication, exhibition, education, donation & heritage.

Major Advisors in USA (1976~1980)

＊ M.S., University of Kentucky (1976.08-1977.12)

Prof. Dr. D. C. Tao ( 陶德昌 ) Antique European FurnitureAntique European Furniture

＊ Ph.D., Purdue University (1978.01-1980.05)

Prof. Dr. Allen S. Hall, Jr. Antique Weighting ScalesAntique Weighting Scales

MotivationMotivation

5YAN-hs/2013

Specifications of Items (1978.05 - 1980.05)  

一、 Should be a mechanism or machine.

二、 Should be related to native culture.

三、 Should not be too large.

四、 Should not be too expensive.

五、 Should not commonly collected.

MotivationMotivation

6YAN-hs/2013

Stage I (1986.11~1990.09) ~ 50 locks  

＊ The 1st lock (1986.11)

A vendor stall near Taipei Main Railway Station.~ 10 US dollars

＊ The 1st puzzle lock (1990.09)上海友誼商店 100 RMB ( 外匯券 )The Friendship Store of Shanghai.Guangxu ( 光緒 ) regime (1875-1908 AD)

CollectionCollection

7

A broad padlock

The key head and hole so oddly shaped as to create a 3D puzzleYAN-hs/2013

CollectionCollectionStage II (1990 ~1999) over 600 locks

8YAN-hs/2013

CollectionCollectionStage III (1999~2007) up to 700 locks

9YAN-hs/2013

Poem 杜甫：『弟子誰依白茅屋，廬志獨啟青銅鎖青銅鎖』

Collection Collection - Other Items

10YAN-hs/2013

Collection Collection & Research - Research - Lock Museums (1991~ )

11YAN-hs/2013

On the Characteristics of Ancient Chinese Locks1st China-Japan Int’l Conf. on History of Mech. TechnologyBeijing, China, pp.215-220, 1998.10.12-14.

Design Considerations of Ancient Chinese Padlocks with Spring MechanismsMechanism and Machine Theory, Vol.39, pp.797-810, 2004. (SCI)

Research Research & Publication Publication

1997.06

1999.06 2003.05

1998.10

12YAN-hs/2013

Characteristics of Ancient Chinese PadlocksCharacteristics of Ancient Chinese Padlocks

TypesOpeningKeyholes Location Shapes SpringsKeysKey-headsShapesMaterialsDecoration

13YAN-hs/2013

Spring locks - puzzlesSpring locks - puzzles

Research Research & Education Education

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Combination lockCombination lockYAN-hs/2013

Research Research Fish pattern locks

漢代《芝田錄》：『門鑰必以魚魚，取其不瞑目，守夜之義』Zhi Tian Lu (Han Dynasty, 206 BC - 220 AD)

Door locks must take after the shape of fish,for fish sleeps with eyes open

and so it guards the house at night.15YAN-hs/2013

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Research Research Ancient Ancient & Modern Modern InventionsInventions

Ancient Egyptianwooden pin tumbler lock

Ancient ChineseWooden bolt lock (1368~1644)

Modern pin-tumbler cylinder lock

YAN-hs/2013

＊ 1999.10.18~11.13News Center, NCKU, Tainan＊ 2000.05.22~09.24National S&T Museum, Kaohsiung＊ 2003.06.27~2004.01.04National S&T Museum, Kaohsiung＊ 2003.11.07~2009.12General Library, NCKU, Tainan ＊ 2009.12~2014.11Main Museum, NCKU, Tainan＊ 2012.09.19~12.19Museum of Asia ArtsUniversity of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur＊ 2012.11.08~2012.03/2013.07~National Science and Technology MuseumKaohsiung

Exhibition Exhibition & Education (since 1999) (since 1999)

17YAN-hs/2013

Exhibition & EducationEducation Invited International SeminarsInvited International Seminars

1995.12.12 Award Luncheon Speaker 4th Applied Mechanisms & Robotics Conf., Cincinnati, USA2003.12.01 Keynote Speaker 9th Int’l Conf. on the Theory and Application of Cryptology

and Information Security, Taipei, Taiwan2004.09.27 NSERC Design Engr. Chair Mechanical Engr., McGill University, Montreal, CANADA2006.09.09 Invited Speaker Mechanical Engr., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA2009.06.23 Keynote Speaker Int’l Conf. on Reconfigurable Mechanisms & Robots, King’s College, London, UK2011.11.11 Keynote Speaker Int’l Conf. on Engr. and Tech. Innovation Kenting, Taiwan

18YAN-hs/2013

＊ 1993 dreamed to found a lock museumvisited Germany Keys & Locks Museum＊ 1995 as the site of the museumbought a parcel of land in Tainan＊ 1996 planned to found the museumvisited Padlock Museum＊ 1997 to financing the museumfounded Ancient Chinese Machines Cultural Foundation＊ 2002 thought of heritage of locksdirected National Science & Technology Museum＊ 2003 announced donation of locksdirected National Science & Technology Museum

Heritage Heritage & Donation

19YAN-hs/2013

＊ 2000 requested by a former presidentNational Cheng Kung University＊ 2003 announced donation of locksNational Science and Technology Museum＊ 2011.01 yes for the requested by the director-generalNational Science and Technology Museum＊ 2011.08 recruited an assistant curator for locksNational Science and Technology Museum＊ 2012.11 held a special exhibition on locksNational Science and Technology Museum＊ 2013 on regular display in a permanent exhibition

hall National Science and Technology Museum

DonationDonation - Substantial development Substantial development since 2003

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collection, preservation, researchpublication, exhibition, education

YAN-hs/2013

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Design Considerations of Ancient Chinese Padlocks with Spring MechanismsJournal of Mechanism and

Machine Theory (SCI)Vol.39, pp.797-810, 2004

2004.09.27, On the Design and Beauty of Ancient Chinese Locks NSERC Design Engineering Chair, McGill University, Montreal, CANADA.

Ancient Chinese PadlocksAncient Chinese Padlocks

YAN-hs/2013

Motivation: MS & PhD advisors’ cultivation Hobby Item: Engineering logic of problem solving Collection: Enjoyed & matured from the journey preservation Treasure for future research Research: Scholar’s nature to find something new

A remarkable interdisciplinary topic Publication: Sharing with others Exhibition: Sharing with others & promotion Education: Inspiring students & young scholars Donation: Substantial development

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Concluding RemarksConcluding Remarks

YAN-hs/2013

來有影去有蹤的古鎖桃花源古鎖桃花源

Recluse Taishang (Tang Dynasty, 618-906 AD)“Beneath a pine I occasionally came.

Upon a rock pillow I comfortably napped.Reckoning no days in the mountains,

I did not know the year after the cold winter.”

唐朝 ( 公元 618-906 年 ) 太上隱者『偶來松樹下，高枕石頭眠，山中無曆日，寒盡不知年。 』

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Concluding RemarksConcluding Remarks

YAN-hs/2013

暨南國際大學通識講座暨南國際大學通識講座來有影去有蹤的古鎖桃花源來有影去有蹤的古鎖桃花源

顏 鴻 森顏 鴻 森Hong-Sen YANHong-Sen YAN

  成功大學講座成功大學講座機械系教授機械系教授 // 兼副校長兼副校長

20132013 年年 1212 月月 1111 日日