-

(cattle) 12 8,000 500Kg -> 270kg : 24% : 1/3 21.3kg ( 1=11 ) (, , , ) 12%

(BSE) (TSE)(prion), (vCJD) - - -

(TSE)

-(CJD CJD (sCJD, 85-90%) CJD (fCJD, 5-10%) CJD (iCJD,

- - , , - - - - ( 40,000)

?

:

, '(prions)' . () .

() , ()

- (, , , , , ) (- ). , (, )

(vCJD) . (10~40) .( ) - (, .) - ( =>) - => => ==>

( )( ) ( ) (SAF )- -

Goal

()

: 207(20084) : 200 ( 3) : 7 2005 . US vCJD . * 1980~1996 24 .

(BSE)- (vCJD) CJD

--

('06 ) : 95( 65, 13, 17) : 42( 33, 9) : 33.6( 29.8, 2.4, 1.4) Feed lot( 6) ( 6-8) ( 4-6) , 48( 6) , 68 Background yard , 6-8 . (Feed lot) , 46( 5) 1423( 18) , 90% 20 : , EU 116

Scientific Principles of BSE PreventionCattle FeedCattleBeef ProcessingConsumerBlock recycling of rendered mammalian proteins into cattle feedExclude potentially infectious tissues (SRMs) & minimizecross- contaminationRendering Facility-310.1%

Role of U.S. Government in Controlling BSEProtecting the health of the U.S. cattle herdFood & Drug Administration (FDA)Monitor & Enforce Feed BanAnimal & Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)BSE Surveillance to Determine Prevalence & Verify Effectiveness of BSE Firewalls in U.S. Food Safety & Inspection Service (FSIS)Protecting the human food supplyMonitor & enforce the Removal of SRMs & Other New BSE-Related Regulations Agriculture Marketing Service (AMS)Provide auditing service to certify marketing programs (e.g., BEV)

?

1. Ruminant to Ruminant Feed Ban (1997)

(cross-over), (carry-out)

1988~1990 27

Mammalian Protein Ban(2007)The FDA (1997) has formulated rules and regulations that deal with the feeding of mammalian-derived products.No prohibited mammalian-derived protein sources can be fed in the BQA program.Proteins that are exempt Blood and blood by-products Milk products Pure porcine protein products Pure equine protein products GelatinAlways refer to label directions to determine if products are or are not approved for use in cattle. BSE 30 30 0.15% (2008 425 , 2009 427 )

2. 0.1% (2006.9 )

, USDA,

: 28, 3, 8

Surveillance goals(2004,FSIS)Surveillance at a level sufficient to find 1 case per 1 million adult cattle, 95% confidenceBased on estimates of targeted high risk populationNon-ambulatory 195,000Broader estimate, including deads and other condemns 600,000Adult cattle population 45 million

- 21 -

Surveillance: NVSL Bovine Brain Submissions FY 93-04 (through 12/31/03)

Scientific Principles of BSE PreventionCattle FeedCattleBeef ProcessingConsumerBlock recycling of rendered mammalian proteins into cattle feedExclude potentially infectious tissues (SRMs) & minimizecross- contaminationRendering Facility-310.1%

, , , (, 2003) (, 2002) The Scripps Research Institute in UCLA ( ), (, 2006) ( ) ! No!!3. SRM ?-

30 - SRM 30 : 19, 2

15~20%

Specified Risk Materials 9 CFR 310.22 January 12, 2004 http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/FRPubs/03-025IF.pdfSpinal CordVertebral ColumnDorsal Root GangliaBrainSkullDistal Ileum (Small Intestine)Trigeminal gangliaEyesTonsils> 30 Months of Age< 30 Months of AgeDistal Ileum(Small Intestine)Tonsils

Relative BSE Infectivity Associated With Cattle TissuesTissue% Total Infectivity CumulativeBrain64.1%64.1%Spinal Cord25.6%89.7%Distal Ileum3.3%93.0%Dorsal Root Ganglia3.8%96.8%Trigeminal Ganglia2.6%99.4%Spleen0.3%99.7%Eyes0.3%100.0%Adapted from EU Scientific Steering Committee, 2001.% Infectivity from an Animal with Clinical Disease

= ?

-FDA

FDA SRM ( ) SRM .

(1) :

(2) :

(3) :

T-bone

4.() BSE

3 BSE 1 , 2 - BSE feed cohort 15 - 15 1 BSE . BSE

? ? !!

?

4. () : 80-90% SPS 30 SRM . SPS -> 2008 4 - SRM.- .- . .

recall (2008.5.16. cnn )

2004 : ,

(Pasty Mackee) PBC :

2006 7 24

2007729

5. , , , 50% () , () , ()

6. FTA OIE Controlled BSE risk OIE (controlled BSE risk) . .

OIE

OIE - OIE OIE ( );

OIE OIE , 2.3.13.2 1 , , 3.8.4 Type A .

, , 30 15 30 .

2007 49 OIE() 1) (), , 2007.5.2

7. 3% sample : 97%? - SRM -

- , (, , )- : 1~5% , 2008 - : 2007 300 ,

MB?

MB?

WTO - FTA 2006 1124

< > IBRD, IMF ITO GATTWTO (DDA/ FTA) 2 (SPS) :(//)WTO :

, , , , (TBT), , , , , (Safeguard), , , , .

WTO, SPS, , > WTO ((CODEX), (OIE) ) 3.3 . -> 2005 6 29 30 WTO SPS , OIE OIE WTO (SPS 3.3) OIE .

8 (2003 )

0.001g SRM TSE

!!!

Once again, there are two stages in controlling BSE. One is protecting the cattle population and the other is ensuring the safety of the human food supply. The red boxes depict intervening procedures that prevent, control or eliminate the risk of BSE.www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/50601-10-KC.pdfOnce again, there are two stages in controlling BSE. One is protecting the cattle population and the other is ensuring the safety of the human food supply. The red boxes depict intervening procedures that prevent, control or eliminate the risk of BSE.