寻找想象作文的金钥匙

让写作文采飞扬

嘉沪校本研修高级研修班英语课例研究小组

2007 年 6 月

一、选题及缘由

想象作文

《英语（新标准）》初中二年级下册 “My Perfect Holiday”

二、第一次研究课的设计与实践教师的设计：

1. 话题导入与语言“热身”部分：①教师讲述自己亲身经历的一次假期旅游；②学生讲述现实生活里的一次旅游经历。

2.想象作文与现场指导部分：③教师想象中的假期之旅；④学生想象中的假期之旅；⑤教师点评学生的想象作文。

( 一 ) 话题导入与语言“热身”

观察与发现：师生互动不充分 语言“热身”并不“热”

分析与诊断： 1. 教师示范讲述不到位，信息量不够。 （图片展示、问题引出）

教学片段 1T: I am very excited because the summer holiday

is coming. And I can go traveling. Last summer, I went to a very interesting place. (Showing some pictures) Do you know where it is?

2. 教师提问的方式过于单一，学生语言发挥的空间 受到限制。

教学片段 2T: Right. It is Wuyi Mountain. Have you been there?

Ss: No.

…

T: Where have you been?

S1: Hangzhou.

S2: Shanghai.

S3: Nanbeihu.

…

T: Would you like to go to the Mars?

Ss: Yes.

Ss: No.

…

3 ．教师对课堂上有意义的生成关注不够，对于 学生表达的内驱力和成就感激发不足。

建议与改进：

1 ）充实武夷山之行的内容2）尝试新的提问策略3）充分利用课堂生成

( 二 ) 想象作文与现场指导

观察与发现：想象没有打开，作文拼凑为主

分析与诊断：

1. 教师的想象示范作用没有到位。

教学片段 3

T: Have you been to the moon? If possible, I would

go to the moon. I would dance with Chang’e. I

would go there by spacecraft.

2. 教师想象的月球之旅出现的时机不恰当

3.教师提供的想象作文的构思“支架”开放度不够

Holiday Where would you go?

Who would you go with?

What would you take?

What would you do?

When would you go?

Weather you hope for?Why would you go there?

How could you go?

4. 教师的现场指导与总结的要领没有匹配。

教学片段 4（学生习作） I would go to Xia Wei Yi. I would go by

plane. And I would go there with my classmates. We would go there to swimming and eat some nice foods.

（教师修改） I would go to Hawaii. I would go there by plane. And I would go there with my classmates. We

would go there to swim and eat some nice food.

T: Now I’ll summarize some key points about writinga good article: Avoid making mistakes, such as spelling and grammar mistakes. Serve the theme, get

all the requirement. Use conjunctions properly. Embellish the articles.

建议与改进：

1. 充实月球之旅的信息含量，表现出想象水平2.改变作文构思支架的问题，表现出开放度3.在对学生的作文评改中体现作文的要领

三、第二次研究课

本次研究课主要是针对第一次研究课上师生 想象不充分和学生想象作文质量不高的问题进行 教学再设计后的实践改进。

观察与发现：

1. 教师的武夷山之行和月球之旅表现精彩。

教学片段 5T: I’m very excited because the Summer holiday is coming, and I

can go traveling again. Last Summer, I went to Wuyi Mountain

with my best friend. We got there by bus. We climbed the

mountain and took a raft on a river. My best friend fell off the

raft and down into the river, but she was saved in time. We

went into a cave and many bats flew down and attacked us.

I fought with them with my cap, and I was the winner! My travel

to Wuyi mountain was very interesting!

教学片段 6 T: If I had Harry Potter’s magic stick, I would go to

the moon by UFO. I would play with the rabbit and

dance with the handsome gentleman Wu Gang.

And I would make friends with the lovely girl

Chang’e and learn how to make moon cakes

2. 执教教师注意变换提问的方式或贴近学生实际 生活来修正问题，从而激发了学生的想象力而 出现精彩的生成：

教学片段 7

T: If you could go anywhere with the help of Harry

Potter’s magic stick, Who would you go with?

With your wife or husband?

Ss: No.

T: With your girlfriend or boyfriend?

S1: Yes, I would go to the outer space with my

girlfriend. And we would get married there and

live a happy life.

3. 想象作文构思的支架给学生提供了想象的空间

Place

PartnerLuggage

Activities

Transportation…

Holiday

…

4. 学生的想象质量有明显提高

教学片段 8

S1: I would go to the brain of Einstein to research why he was so clever. And find out the way to become a person like him.

S2: I would go to the Caribbean with my friends. Maybe there are many lost golds waiting for us. We would look for lost golds and take them back.

S3: I would go to Egypt to see the pyramid with Superman. We would get into the pyramid to

see the mummy.

但是，从学生整体作文的质量而言，英

语语言实践运用的能力提高和改进的不明显。学

生的想象在自由驰骋，但落实到用语言来表达的

实践环节仍表现出乏力。

分析与诊断：

1. 教师在示范叙述的过程中“节外生枝”，容易让学生在想象作文中也游离中心话题。

教学片段 9T: I took a sedan. Can you guess how much I should

pay?S1: 500.T: That’s too much.S2: 100.T: More than that.S3: 200.T: Quite right!…( 学生习作 ) I would go to Sun. because Sun is very hot and big. I think have many people in Sun. I would makeMany friends with live in Sun people. I would go to Sunwith my friend by UFO. When the Earth die. I would Sun

with my friends and parents. I think it very cool.

2. 教师在想象作文的现场指导过程中，注意到了把 作文的要领用到指导修改的环节之中，但是基本 上还是停留在句子语法纠错的层次。

教学片段 10 ( 学生习作 ) I would go to Egypt. I will take my small pet Bobo and Fofo because they can make food for me. Bobo and Fofo would help me fighting the mummies. I would go home. I left Bobo and Fofo. I hate them.

( 教师修改 ) I would go to Egypt. I would take my small pets Bobo and Fofo, because they can make food for me. Bobo and Fofo would help me fight with the mummies. I would go home. I would leave Bobo and Fofo. I hate them.

建议与改进：

想象作文课的教学最终主要是学生在想象力的发挥和英语语言的实践运用两方面都能表现出突出的进步。

教师在注重精彩示范的同时，要加大指导的力度，不仅要使学生的想象作文语言正确，还要追求前后意思连贯和符合逻辑，使写作文采飞扬。

四、第三次研究课 本次是进一步的改进课，主要是执教教师加大 想象作文的现场指导力度，在“润色”和“添彩”方面 表现出到位的示范和引领作用。 教学设计： 在想象作文实践和现场指导部分，教师设计了以下环节： ①小组合作口头练习想象作文，并让每个小组的代表向 全班其他同学口头汇报； ②学生独立笔头想象作文，选择两个代表上粉笔板前板 书作文； ③让原座上的学生按照教师的逐项提示对板书同学的作 文进行修改； ④教师结合想象作文的要领对板书作文进行精加工； ⑤教师让学生进一步修改自己的作文。

观察与发现： 学生在英语语言实践的全过程中表现出了积极的参与性和较强的自我表现意识。学生想象作文出现精彩，教师现场指导想象作文的水平也有明显提高。

教学片段 11 （学生习作 1） I would go to the moon. I would go thereby space

shuttle, and I would go there with my parents and

friends. I would bring camera and moon cakes. I would

eat moon cakes with my parents, friends and Wu Gang.

Then I would play with the rabbit under the tree. Next

I would climb the tree to see a wonderful view from

the top of the tree. Finally, I would go back with my

parents, friends and the rabbit.

（教师修改）

A Perfect Holiday

I would go to the moon to relax myself. I would go there with my parents and friends by space shuttle. I would take a camera with me to take photos. I would take moon cakes so that I could eat when hungry ,with my parents, friends and Wu Gang. Then I would play with the rabbit under the tree. Next I would climb the tree to see a wonderful view from the top of the tree. Finally, I would go back with my parents, friends and the rabbit. Do you think it is a perfect holiday?

( 学生习作 2)

The Summer holiday is coming, I feel very excited.

I would go to Beijing with my parents by plane.

I would visit some interesting places, such as the

Palace Museum, the Great Wall and so on. We

would take lots of photos. We think we can have

a good time there. And the memory of this pleasant

trip will last long, If I really go to Beijing.

（教师修改）

My Summer Holidays

The Summer holidays is coming, so I feel very

excited. To celebrate my holidays, I would go to

Beijing with my parents by plane . I would visit some

interesting places, such as the Palace Museum, the

Great Wall and so on. When visiting the interesting

places, We would take lots of photos. We think we

would have a good time there and love our country

much better. And the memory of this pleasant trip

will last long, If I really go to Beijing.

分析与总结：

1. 小组合作讨论的气氛 2. 小组代表汇报的责任 3. 学生批改同学的作业 4. 教师现场的评改反馈 5. 学生经指导后的加工

五、初中英语“想象作文”课例研究小结

1. 贴切的话题选择

2. 充分的语言铺垫

3. 积极的问题引导

4. 精彩的原型示范

5. 开放的构思支架

6. 全面的反馈评改