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1

1

2

3

* 13km8km

4

21 200km16~1725km20km0.7

2 206015~20km1.213km2.5 206013km1.0

3 8 km1.82~6km2.5

(b)

*(a) (b) aABC

b

4

5 1 2050602040161821217.3km312101km198248433500100031119814040.9m0.464.8cm

2 GPSGPSGPSGPSABCDEABGPSCDEGPS

1GPS AB 1991IAGIGSGPS19926-992 GPS A BGPS19915730220050km 100km150km0.1mGPS 2.010e-83.010e-8

2GPS 3 (CRUSTAL MOVEMENT OBSERVATION NETWORK OF CHINA CMONOC)19962000(GPS)(VLBI)(SLR) GPS 25GPSVLBISLR56GPS1000GPS300700 13500

1.

*2. 1:5000.lmm0.1500=5cm

3.

4.

a b c d

55

GPS GPS 200m20mm

GPS mm a mm b 110-6 d km

4.5. GPS

:

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1 ,:

12

F

2

AP

NQ

21 S0------ S------ ABC----

s

S

a f aa af ff 1SctgA 1SctgA 1-SctgB 1-SctgB 1 0 1 0 0 3 S(ctgA-ctgB)

(2-5)

(2-5) (2-4)(2-5)

(2-6)

,:

: ,().

1:,m=1.8,S?:A=49, B=77,R=4.5,:

2:,m=1.8,S?:A=30, B=60,R=19.2,:

2 A=C

34

5

3IV

4III

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6

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6S=2000mn=4

2 1 2

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3)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

2.8 2.8.1

2.8.2

2.8.3

2.8.4

2.8.1 1 2 3

2.8.2 s 1.

2.8.2 2. CAB A B

2.

2. s1=4.6kms2=9.5kmHA=62.5mHC=67.5mHB=63.0m2m4m,

2.8.3 GPS

11 22ab 31.2m3ab1.

a b3

2.

1/22/30" 40" 20"30" 1/240"

s=4kmd=0.4m 23

1 O()O120OAOBOC 9010 3.

3.

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2 lm 3 90 4

2.8.4

8

1 2 3 ?6 ?4 ?

5SAB2.5km 140000 68 EFG 2km5cm (1)F (2)

7 8ABC N L

9 10 11 12?? 13 14?