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GeForce 3 1. DirectX 8.1. - - , - ( )., : 1., 2. 3.. ( Windows Longhorn) Microsoft DirectX 9.0c, - .

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3D-: x, y, z , . - : , - , .. - , - (, , ).

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IT, - . , . |TONY (TONY@EYKONTECH.COM)

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, - - ( ) - , , - (-) . - : o.pos = mul( i.pos, Worl-dViewProjection ). main() (uniform) , - (Input re-gisters). , , CPU, - ( ). , - . ( ), . - - ( - nrm e2v). , ( ) - . (-). (2.0 2.) - , 2.0 (- ), , . - 2. - . , - , - , - .

- , . , . . : , , ( ) - .

- - . , . , GPU, -, , - , , - .

-. . Z- ( -), . - ? . - , - - . ? - , - .

(XML PixelShader). - , . , , - .. ( -). - . . , . - - . - , , - 2.- . () - , - . - ( ) .

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1 . 4 2 . 3 . 0

( ) 8 32 224 () 16 16 () 16 16 2 12...32 32 / 4 16 16 / 2 8 10 1 1 (, ) /

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IT-. - -. - PC . - , - , - () . - - . - , , -. PC- 512 , - 600 , 24- - . SLI . - . ?

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. - - -? . -, ? -, , , - , ? ? , : http://thg.ru/graphic/20060114/onepage.html.

1 . 1 2 . 3 . 0

128 256 512* ( ) 96** 256** 256** () 16 16 () 16 16 ( ) 16 16 16 12 12*** 32 1 1 (, ) 4 ( ) 8 8 12* , D3DCAPS9.MaxVertexShader30InstructionSlots** , D3DCAPS9.MaxVertexShaderConst*** , D3DCAPS9.VS20Caps.NumTemps

: , 1., 3.0

, - . , -, PPU (PhysicProcessing Unit). , 2005 , - , AGEIA - , - , - Voodoo 3DFx. , PhysX - , CPU. , ,, , .. PhysX. , , - AGEIA, , - , - , - . - , , - ( ) PhysX -. , 125 . , - 130- PCI PCI-Ex-press. 25 . , - 128 2.0 GDDR3-, - . - XDR-.

AGEIA - - , . , , - TSMC. $100 400. API PhysX SDK, Me-

gon NovodeX, 2005 . - 2005 , - 2006 . - AGEIA, , - . , AGEIA. - PhysX . - , $199. , -, , - AGEIA. , PhysX SDK Unreal Engine 3. 17 2006 - Emergent Game Technologies (- Gamebryo 3D). , - PhysX: The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion, Loki, Warham-mer MMORPG, City of Villains, Tom Clancy's GhostRecon Advanced Warfighter. - , , - PhysX.

- AGEIA. , Havok, Havok FX, - - CPU, GPU . Radeon, ATI, 3.0 1000 , , .

: Pentium 4 3 12 GFLOP, - 6 ; ATI RadeonX1800XT 120 GFLOP , , 42 . , - . - CPU GPU. , , , ATI - .

AGEIA ATI. AGEIA $400, ATI $600. , -. ATI Crossfire SLI NVidia: , , . - $1200, , , 400 .. AGEIA. , , - -. - Half-Life 2. (Havok 2) Intel AMD. , , , , -

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PhysX, Sony PlayStation 3,Nintendo Revolution ,, -, Oblivion.

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1.X F.E.A.R

2.X F.E.A.R

3.0,ParalaxMapping -

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www.boycottgun.com Association For American Indi-an Development p p -p GUN Activision, p- . p-p , p p p, y p- .

Doom 1994. - -. Doom - - Marine Doom.

p (Mike Morhaime Blizzard), ypMMORPG World of Warcraft ppp p . -, y py, yp p - p 5,5 p.

py yp www.metal-gearsolid.org, p p - , Kuja105. , Kuja105 , p py - p .

Vivendi Universal y - p y Ice Age2: Meltdown. p p Xbox,PlayStation, GameCube, GameBoy Advance,Nintendo DS PC 2006 ! , p p py :).

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P h y s X H a v o k T r u e A x i s O D E T o k a m a k N e w t o n

CCD rag-dolls

( -). continuous collision detection - , - , , - .

((), , - , . - : - , , . , , . - -. , , .

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(Rigid body simulation). , ( , , ..). - , , - - . , , (,, , ..), - ( , - ). - , - . , -: ( : - , , , -, , ), ( - ). , . . - , . , , , - ( - ), ( ).

- (rag-doll), - , ( ) , . - - . - (joint) (constraint).

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PhysX ((www. aageia.com, ) - AGEIA , . - - ( Unreal Engine).

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std::vector gEntities;opal::Simulator* gSimulator = NULL;

gSimulator opal::Simulator - OPAL. opal::Simulator , - . -. , - . , , - , - .

gEntities - opalSamples::Entity, . - , . opalSamples::Entity opal::Solid* mSolid. opal::Solid - OPAL. -, , . - getTransform mSolid.

mmaingSimulator = opal::createSimulator();gSimulator->setGravity(opal::Vec3r(0, (opal::re-al)-9.81, 0));

opal::createSimulator(). - setGravity -. , , - , . , , , , , , .

1. opal::Solid* platformSolid = gSimulator->cre-ateSolid();2. platformSolid->setStatic(true);3. opal::BoxShapeData boxShape;4. boxShape.dimensions = gGroundDimensions;5. platformSolid->addShape(boxShape);

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while (!gQuit){

opal::real dt = (opal::real)timer.getElap-sedSeconds();

gQuit = processInput();if (!gPaused){

gSimulator->simulate(dt);}

}

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gSimulator->destroy();

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| 23

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Windows? -, DirectX , , Intel? , - 10-15%, , - . -, , - , 10% , - . - .

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aattii nnvviiddiiaa ATI NVidia - - , Intel, -. - , - .

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DIRECTDRAW, GDI: .

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- FMOD_RESULT. FMOD_OK, - . - FMOD_Er-rorString(). FMOD ++, , - . FMOD , : DSP(digital signal processing), , .

// result = FMOD::System_Create(&system);// result = system->getVersion(&version);if (version < FMOD_VERSION){printf("Error! You are using an old version of FMOD %08x. This program requires %08x\n",version, FMOD_VERSION);exit(-1);}// , .result = system->getDriverCaps(0, 0, 0, 0, &speakermode);// FMOD result = system->setSpeakerMode(speakermode);// FMODresult = system->init(32, FMOD_INIT_NORMAL, 0);

FMOD, , - FMOD, - FMOD. init() - , , - , . .

// result = sound1->release();result = sound2->release();

// result = system->close();// result = system->release();

release(). - close().

// , result = system->createSound("../media/drum-loop.wav", FMOD_SOFTWARE | FMOD_2D, 0,&sound1);// result = sound1->setMode(FMOD_LOOP_OFF);// , , , , 3D-result = system->createSound("../media/ste-reo.ogg", FMOD_HARDWARE | FMOD_3D, 0,&sound2);

- System::createSound(), (, - ..). - System::createStream(), , - System::setStreamBuf-

ferSize(). , FMOD -, FMOD::Memory_GetStats(). FMOD::Me-mory_Initialize(). , ., - - . - - FMOD_3D. - , - - Sound::setMode().

FMOD - . , , - ,

. - - FMOD . - ( ) - update() .

// , result = system->playSound(system, FMOD_CHAN-NEL_FREE, sound1, TRUE, &channel);// 7.1result = channel->setSpeakerMix(channel, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);// result = channel->setPaused(channel, FALSE);// FMODsystem->update();

, , -, ( , ) , - - -. -. , : - - .

// result = system->set3DSettings( 0.9, 0.9, 1.0 );// FMOD_VECTOR vel, pos;

result = channel->set3DAttributes(&pos, &vel);// FMOD_VECTOR vel, pos, forward, up;

result = channel->set3DListenerAttributes( 0, &pos, &vel, &forward, &up);

, . - , 22.00 , ;)

| 31

FMOD

32 |

: ? , /, ...

: PC Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2003. - (CVS, SVN). Test Track Pro Seapine Software.

: , , , . : - ? , -

. , - : Visual Studio, 3DS Max/Maya,Photoshop, Microsoft Office. , : - ( 3DS Max), - , .. , - , , ., Facegen Modeller , , - , .

| 33

: : ++ . : Maya + Photoshop = (: -). . .

: Visual C++, 3D Max, Maya, , - . , .

: , . . , , , : MS Visual Studio (, .net) - - , GNU CodeWarrior; Maya 3DS Max 3D-, .. Photoshop Painter -. Sound Forge . MS Office .

: Visual Studio, Maya 3D, Photoshop . , middleware-, , . .

: , , Word',Excel'. Visio.

: , , - . ++, - . , OpenGL DirectX.

AI, . - : , .. , , (First Person Shooter). Quake 3, . , .. , . , , .

: J2ME SDK, . IDE (- ), J2ME. - Borland JBuilder, IDEA NetBeans. , - , , .

: ., , , . ?

: , ? - . , -, . , - () . Counter-Strike: -. . , - . , , . AI . , . - , , ( - ), . - , AI. , - . , -. .

34 |

, , -, . - .

: -, . , NPC, - . -, . - , , .

: , , - ...

: , , . , . - , , - . , - ( - ), -. , .

: - . . , - . , - , , .

: - , , . - , , - , :). .

: -, , . - . AI - .

: , , - , . , , , . -, , ..

: , - ( , , AI) - , . -, . - , . - , - . - , - . - AI ( ).

: ? , /, ...

: - StarForce, Securom .. . StarForce, , . , - . , . - . . - , , .

: : StarForce, SecuRom, SafenSec... . StarForce.

: ? , ?

: , , -: , , , .. . , . - , - - .

: - . -: - . - , .

: ( AI).

: , , -. . , , - . : - , - .

: ?

: , - , . - . - ( ) . , , , ,Bluetooth,

36 |

, - , , - . - - : , , , , , . - , , , .

- - , . , C++. , (, ), . , - . - .

, , (, - ) . - -, . , , - - .

- . - - , - . , , .

, - API , - - , , - , - , , . - ,

, , - / . , , , , , . - , - , .

?? - -. -. -, , - :).

, -, . , , - -, .

,, -, . , , - .

, , , -, - . , .

- - , - ( ). - - , , . , , ..

, - . , - , . , - - , , - .

, - . , . -, - .

- , - , - Microsoft Excel -. - Visual Basic. Excel , Visual Stu-dio. Excel CSV. VisualBasic' .

? - . - -, | (WWW.STEPGAMES.RU)

: ,

, - .

- - - .

, .

, - - , - .

- , . - - , - .

-, . ? - , . , .

Python ((www.python.org) OOpen SSource: (Guido van Rossum)www.python.org/~guido : 1990 : 2.4.2, (28 2005 .)

:

;

- ;

;

;

.

:

.

.

, , - -, -

.

- .

- , .

- , (, , C/C++). -, -.

, PYTHON 3000, - - - PYTHON 2.X.

Ruby ((www.ruby-llang.org) OOpen SSource: (Yukihiro Matsumoto)en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukihiro_Matsumoto : 1995 : 1.8.4, (12 2005 .)

: .

- , .

- .

2.0 -

-

.

: API .

, BO-OST.PYTHON LUABIND.

.

.

, , -

,

-

-

.

Lua ((www.lua.org) MMIT ((Open SSource): Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henriquede Figueiredo, Waldemar Celes : 1993 : 5.0.2, (17 2004 .)

: -

, .

API .

, - .

- (EXTENSIBILITY LANGUAGE).

( 150 ), - (RE-GISTER-BASED VIRTUAL MACHINE). - LUA - .

, - .

(DOMAIN SPECIFIC LANGUAGES).

, - .

- .

: -

, - UTF-8.

- - . - - . - -, - LU-ABIND (luabind.sf.net).

-, , .

, Lua - , - .Python, , . -, - Scons(www.scons.org) - Ruby , , , - 2.0

| 37

38 |

50- - . . , , - .

, . , , , - - .

?? - (artificial intelligence) . , - , . - , ,

- . -, . , , |YPP (YPP_PUBLIC@MAIL.RU)

,

[[]]

, , - , -? , , - , - , , . - , . , , .

- . , : , , - -. : ();; () ; () . , - , : - , , - .. - ( ) - (), , - . , , - , - , (- ) . -

// (, ;)), .

- / . , - , - (: , , ..), - . , - ( , -; ..). ( , , , . , :( . .)

. - : N , , - .

- .

,, , - , (fini-te state machine). :

. : , , , .. : , ; , , .

. , . - , -, ( ). , ? , (waypoint) . . , - , .

- . : - ; . -: ; - . -: ( ); - . :

| 39

, - -. . - (: W, A, S, D). , .

, . - , : , , - . ,

. - AI, , AI, -, - .

- , , AI, - , - . - -, .

/ A n d r u s h a

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

; (,) . . - , - . . , - , - . : - - ; - .

, , - ( ) , FPS. - Doom, Quake Wolfenstein, , .

, - , . , - -. , - ,. - 10% , 50% - 50% , - .

- . - () , - . , /-/, : , , ..

, . , , - . , , , -, . , , , ( ) . - , ( - ). , - . , ?( : , , - Half-Life...) - !

, - ., - - ( ). - - (rule system). - : ->-. . , - ( - ). , . , . - RTS:

1 ->

2 > && ->

3 > ( )-> , !

4 ->

5

, - . , 2 3, - , . (- , -

3 - 2.) , - . : true-> .

- . (decision tree), :

if ( 1 )1;

elseif ( 2 )

2;else

// ...

- -, . - , Age of Empires.

- - . , , ?

- - . -, -

40 |

, - / . -

/ ( GTA The Sims).

-, - ( ?). - , . , , . - (- -, ). , - (- , : , :) . -). : - , -. , -, . . . , -

, , -, , , .. (. ).

N ( ). (fitness testing), - . - - . , , , . -, N - . . .. -, , - . : - , , . .

, , - . - - - . - , - ,

. : -. - : 1) - , - ; 2) - , - (). - (weights) -. - , .

- , . , , - , , . - . -!

- , , . , , . , , :).

, - - . , - , , . , - , Crimsonland: - , , :)

| 41

?, - ? , , , . . - , , - - . , .

, , , , , , , , , , , 510 110. , ,

Half-Life

Lua 1993 - - - (Computer Graphics Technology Group, TeCGraf) - (Pontifical Catholic University, PUC-Rio) --. : (Roberto Ierusalimschy), (Luiz Henrique deFigueiredo) (Waldemar Celes). - (LOO-ah). www.lua.org/versions.html.

2003 5.0.2, - ( - 5.1 -) Lua . -, (register-based) , , -. - 150 (100 ).

Lua (clean) C( ANSI C C++), - , , ANSI C. - (portability) !

Lua - (extension lan-guage), ( Lua C API).

Lua , - Pascal. - , -

42 |

c 5.0.2LUA C API 5.0.2 -: ( 5.1 - ). LUA - (www.lua.org). LUA LUAFORGE (luabinaries.luaforge.net).

lluuaa!!

LUA (www.lua.org) -, . - | (WWW.STEPGAMES.RU)

- LUA 5.1 WWW.INF.PUC-RIO.BR/~ROBERTO/TALKS/NOVELTIES.PDF

Lua C- , , - - - . Hello world Lua :

print(Hello, world!);

. , :

print Hello, world

: , - C- . - Lua -, (Domain-Specific Languages, DSL), , . Lua - .

Lua -, - Excel, -- Visual Basic. , (, CSV), Lua .

- - Lua - , C++. Lua , , C++. - - , , C++, .

Lua . Lua (closures). ... , . - (coroutines) - ( - - , (callbacks) / (events). - (, type - ), Lua , - ( - Programming In Lua). (

- ), C++, Lua.

Lua, - - (Lua C API), - (lua.exe), , - . , . -, , - Lua, . - , .

. Lua - print, - , . print Lua . tostring() .

Lua (first-class values), -, - . - Lua . __con-sole_print, , - print Lua , , :

print = function(...)for i = 0, arg.n -1 do__console_print(tostring(arg[i]) .. "\t")end__console_print(arg[arg.n] .. "\n")end

-, __con-sole_print C/++, - , print (luaB_print() lbaselib.c Lua). - , fputs() - . , - print Lua :

print = __console_print

- , - -.

- C (Lua C API). C Lua . C, , , -, , - . , -, . Lua C API . , - push pop, - , , -. - Lua LuaReference Manual.

, -. - - Lua C API, , . , - -.

Lua (extension pro-gramming language), -

| 43

WWWWWW..LLUUAA..OORRGG LUA. , LUA 5.0 REFERENCE MANUAL, - PROGRAMMING IN LUA, - .WWWWWW..LLUUAA-UUSSEERRSS..OORRGG LUA. LUAUSERS WIKI, , , - .WWWWWW..LLUUAAFFOORRGGEE..NNEETT -, LUA, - LUA .WWWWWW..IINNFF..PPUUCC-RRIIOO..BBRR//~~RROOBBEERRTTOO - WEB- - ., , .WWWWWW..KKEEPPLLEERRPPRROOJJEECCTT..OORRGG WEB- LUA. , LUASOCKET, LUAPROFILER LUALOGGING.

Lua C (, , C++).

Lua C API, - , - Lua C C++. : 1) - , - ; 2) .

Lua, Lua C API - , -. API - . Lua Programming Manual Programming With Lua.

C++ Lua - :

TOLUA, TOLUA++ (www.tecgraf.puc-rio.br/~celes/tolua, www.codenix.com/~tolua);

SWIG (www.swig.org);

LUABIND (luabind.sourceforge.net).

toLua, SWIG (SWIG Lua, ).

Luabind C++ - Lua, - - - . , Luabind Lua C API( ).

Lua , . , Lua - . , , . , - Lua ( Lua , - Lua Users Wiki).

Lua - , . - , , -, . - ,

Lua -, .

, -, Lua, . - , ( ), , - dofile/dostring.

Lua - . , -. , , :

a = 2 * 34567 + ba = 69134 + b.

C++ . , - Lua , - , , C++.

, - . - - . , , , , , - 1% , - 1%.

( ) . , -, Lua Profiler (www.keplerproject.org/luaprofiler). , - .

, Lua, lua_pcall(), .

( , - ) - . , - , - . , , , .

, :

LUA

ERROR() NIL .

, ERROR(), ( ) - PCALL(), - PROTECT, - (DIEGO NEHAB) FINALIZEDEXCEPTIONS (www.lua-users.org/wiki/FinalizedEx-ceptions). - NEWTRY (. ).

- NIL. , , -, -, , - NIL.

- , , .., NIL.

- , - LOCAL - - - . - -. - -, G_. LUA LINT - . LUA 5.1 LUA, , - (_G), , - - .

- . - . , -. LUA LUA TECHNICAL NOTE 7: MO-DULES & PACKAGES - (www.lua.org/notes/ltn007.html).

. ,

44 |

, -, - . LUA - . , - LUA , - C++, LUA - .

Lua - (garbage collector): - , -, (,userdata, , ) - Lua ( ).

Lua - (threshold), . , - , , . -

, - , .

, - 0 ( lua_setgcthreshold() C collectgar-bage() Lua). , - .

, , - Lua, -, - . , - .

Lua , Lua - . 5.0.2 - ( non-incremental mark and sweep). , , ( , - , ). , ,

- , -. Lua, .

, , , Lua - , , : -, , , , .

( some_string), , some_string , :

some_string = some_string .. "a"

Lua TechnicalNote 9: Creating Strings Piece by Piece (www.lua.org/no-tes/ltn009.html). Lua 5.1 - , -

| 45

46 |

( , 70%) Java ( J2ME, Java 2 Micro Edi-tion) , - - - . - - -, - (Virtual Machine, VM). - VM Sun (- Java) -, - -, SDK ( - ) .

, , , , VM. ! . , - J2ME- - , - -

. , - ( - - ),, , , -

. , Sun - Java. , MIDP 1.0 - , MIDP 2.0 - . - .

IBM PC , . , , , -, , -. .

, -, , - .

, . , . , - , , .

, , . , , - . , - .

, . ! , , . , |

Eclipse J2ME

jj22mmee

- (Binary Runtime Environ-ment for Wireless, BREW) , Qualcomm. - CDMA, , , BREW, GSM- . , ! - SDK /++-

ARM Builder, - (- ).

- , Qualcomm ., BREW, . , , Qualcomm - . -, -

, - , - BREW .

Execution Engine In-Fusio, Sun, -, J2ME. - ( BREW), ( Java), - . 10-15 , 30 ! , Execution Engine (, -, , ), -

J2ME- - - -. Execution Engine -- , - . -: Philips Fisio 530/825, Alcatel OT735/535/531, Panasonic X70/G60, Sagem myX-5/myG-5/myX-6... , SDK - .

| 47

: J2ME , - - . , . - - ( ), .

, , ? . ,, - , - , J2ME.

( Fight Hard 3D) . ,

. , - , . - -, , , - , . - , -, .

. Synergenix . - . , J2ME - 400 KIPS, Mophun 60 MIPS, 150 . , , , ,. Synergenix .

bbrreeww

eexxeeccuuttiioonn eennggiinnee

mmoopphhuunn

- , - Execution Engine

ACE , Mophun

Wireless Graphics Engine ( WGE) TTPCom API, - - . , SDK . - .

wwggee

, WirelessGraphics Engine

:

. - , . , - , - , - - .

, - . - , - , CGA-, EGA- VGA-.

. - , - - , -. , - , - .

- . - , - . - , - . , , , - .

-,

, - - - .

- -. , . J2ME, - -.

, , , - - , - , - .

- - . - .

API . - - - , - , - - . - --, - - .

. , - , - - , . - ...

48 |

, - ( ) - . -, . - , . ?

, , -, , ZX-SPEC-TRUM, . -, , - . - ( , -), . -

, , - , - .

, - , - -,

- , - Execution Engine

: + CD + +

200 .

( . ) *( )

...

:/ / ( )e-mail

* . .

+ CD

6 12 900 . 00 . 1740 . 00 .

+ +

6 12 2550 . 00 . 5040 . 00 .

1 2 : 3 :

: subscribe@glc.ru;

: (495) 780-88-24;

: 119021, , . , . 11, . 44-45, , .

! .

, , .

, , 20- .

. , . , , .

: -, (495) 500-00-60, www.interpochta.ru , , , , .

15% , ,

, , : 780-88-29 ( ) 8-800-200-3-999 ( , ,). : info@glc.ru

52 |

deadcan dance

. 3D-- 3D- /-, . - 3D Studio Max ( 3DS). , - MS DOS-.

3D Studio Max - , . , - - , - - . 3DS Character Studio, . - Character. , , -, .

- , - . -, 3DS MAX 6 Character Studio 4. (- . . http://bhv.ru/books/bo-ok.php?id=3888). ! , -

3DS. , - , .

, ? , , , , .

, . - 3DS MAX 6 Character Studio 4. - . . , , . , :). 3D-- - , . , . , .

, . . - - . , 0,5, 90 - - 45. - -. - ( 3D--

DX SDK DXSDK\SAMPLES\C++\DIRECT3D\MESHES\SKINNEDMESH

, - - . (MESH), , - , . , . | AKA HORRIFIC

Plug-in , .x-

| 53

). , 1, 100%.

, : -. ( - ). , , , . (,, ) - , , - .

-, - . , . -, -, - , ( -) . , , , - .

, , . -

: ? .max -, . .3ds, - . , . - , .

, .x, Microsoft , -

54 |

? , . 3DS Max .x, plug-in, Microsoft. plug-in - DX SDK, . - .

.x- -: Direct3D - -- -. Microsoft -

. - . - .

-, .x- . - , - . , . - , . . , :). - , , - .

, . - - , - . , - . - , - , . , -, , - . , , . , ,

. -.

- .x- - D3DXLoadMeshHierarchyFromX, :

HRESULT D3DXLoadMeshHierarchyFromX(LPCTSTR Filename,DWORD MeshOptions,LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice,LPD3DXALLOCATEHIERARCHY pAlloc,LPD3DXLOADUSERDATA pUserDataLoader,LPD3DXFRAME* ppFrameHeirarchy,LPD3DXANIMATIONCONTROLLER*

ppAnimController);

.Filename - , .x-.MeshOptions . D3DXMESH_MANAGED, - . , , .pDevice IDirect3DDevice. , , .pAlloc ID3DXAllocateHi-erarchy, - .x-. - .pUserDataLoader ID3DXLoadUserData -

1 - . , - - -, - . -, - , . : D3DXFRAME, - , D3DXMATRIX. - - .

2 : - , . : , ,, .. - , - . , , - . , .

3 .X- , - . , - - , .

, :),

| 55

. , .x- , -, , , - - ID3DXLoadUserData.ppFrameHeirarchy D3DXFRAME.ppAnimController ID3DXAnimationController, - . , .x- - -. , .

D3DXLoadMeshHierarchy-FromX, - D3DXFRAME. ? :typedef struct _D3DXFRAME {LPTSTR Name;D3DXMATRIX TransformationMatrix;LPD3DXMESHCONTAINER pMeshContainer;struct _D3DXFRAME *pFrameSibling;struct _D3DXFRAME *pFrameFirstChild;

} D3DXFRAME, *LPD3DXFRAME;

?Name . - , , - . , , . -, - , , .TransformationMatrix . .pMeshContainer .pFrameSibling - D3DXFRAME, . , - , .pFrameFirstChild , - .

, . - - (- ), ( , ). - , : -

, . - - , ( ) . , , , , , . - :

void (D3DXFRAME , D3DXMATRIX ){// , ..

.TransformationMatrix *= ;

// ,

if (.pFrameSibling)(.pFrameSibling, );// ,

if (.pFrameFirstChild)(. pFrameFirstChild,.TransformationMatrix);

}

! , - - .

-. , .

, , - . - , . . , - -. .

http://cherb.web.ur.ru/mal.html -. , -, , - mesh . - - , - .

tiny.x, DirectXSDK

56 |

1989 . , - -. - 60, , , . : (, , , , - ). (-) , . ( 0) , - . . , , . , -, 14- - :). , - , . , , , -, , - - .

,, sseexxoonniixx , , - ( Sky). , , - -, :), - , - . , - , - ( , ). SeXonix' - , -. , . - - :).

?

. -

-

-

,

- -

: ) ,

. ,

-

,

.

:

X O N I X -

.

!

:

; ) .

. - ( ==== :)). - -, . , . , , . , . , - , - :(. :). - . , - . Must have, :).

?

-

. -

-

. -

-

-

E X - - ,

A D I D A S

( , -

-

-

.

. 10-15 . , , , - . ? . - ', - 286-, - . , : .. | (ALEXANDER@REAL.XAKEP.RU)

, ,

| 57

, , . PC , : . - : -. - . , - , game over. , , - ( ) AI: ,, , -. , Bluetooth'? :). , Delphi . :

B - O - O - O M !

-

!

:

,

, -

.

!

ccaassttllee wwaarr && ssccoorrcchheedd eeaarrtthh , . . . , . ? , . ! , -: . ? -, , ( Bluetooth? ;)) :).

Scorched Earth . ( , ) - - . , - . , !, - . , , - ( )

bboooommbbeerrmmaann-! , . - , -, - 90-. , -, . , ( ), .

BoomberMan ? - -? . , . . . - , , , , - - . , . - - ( ) ( : ). BoomberMan Java, ;).

:

C A S T L E W A R

.

, ,

!

-

,

-

W O R M S ' .

H T T P : / / 3 8 6 . B Y . R U / G A -

M E / C A S T L E . Z I P -

.

:

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. -, - - . , , , . , - . , -, .

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, ( ). -, , - , ( ).

, , -, - . - . -: , , . - , , .

- - lipsync (lip ,sync synchronization, ). - . - , . - .

- . , . -- , , .

, - , , . -, - , -

-. , - , . , , - , , , .

- , , , -, - . (,, -) : - . , .

- . - , . , . . , . , - . , -

| 59

. - | , (WWW.STEPGAMES.RU)

- , - . DIRECTX FRAMEWORK

. , - .

- . - , - . - . - , , . - .

- - .

, - . (. skin ) , - . , . - , - , ( ).

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, . - , : - - . - , , , .

, ( ).

. - ( - ). - .

- . , , - , . - -. - . , - , - , - .

() - - . - . . -. ( ). - , - .

, : - , , :

pos = pos1 * (1 weight2 weight3) + pos2* weight2 + pos3 * weight3.

- . - SetStreamSource() , . . , - , (, ).

HHLSL ( )// .float4x4 WorldViewProjection : WORLDVIEWPROJECTION;

float3 weight; // // weight.x // weight.y // weight.z

// void vshader(

float4 vPos0 : POSITION0, //

float3 vNormal0 : NORMAL0, //

float4 vPos1 : POSITION1, //

float3 vNormal1 : NORMAL1, //

float4 vPos2 : POSITION2, //

float3 vNormal2 : NORMAL2, //

out float4 oPosition : POSITION, //

out float4 oDiffuse : COLOR0 // )

{// // :float4 cPos = vPos0 * weight.x +

vPos1 * weight.y + vPos2 * weight.z;

// :float3 cNor = normalize(

vNormal0 * weight.x +vNormal1 * weight.y +vNormal2 * weight.z

);// .oPosition = mul( cPos, WorldViewProjection );

// float3 lightPos = float3(0, 0, 100); float3 invL = normalize(lightPos cPos);float NdotL = dot(cNor,invL); oDiffuse.xyz = NdotL + 0.2;oDiffuse.w = 0;

}

-, - , . . , , - . - , - . , , -

60 |

| 61

, , , . , , , |

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- ( -, , ) - , - . , ( ) - . ( , - ),

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62 |

- , . . - ( - ).

: , -- , (/). , , . , - , , - , , DSL.

, - . , . , -. ? - , - ? , - /-

, D - A. - -, ( ) -, -. , - -, .

.

FF11EEXX:: - QUAKE III. -

. - - , - , ... , -, ( ). !

CCYYBBEERRMMIINNDD:: STARCRAFT ! -

98- -, - . STARCRAFT , , , , - . -. , ! , - -: , .

MMCCDDAAUUNN:: DOOM 2 , .

SSEERRJJ:: WARCRAFT III TFT. -,

, -, QUAKE III . -, - -. - -, - , !

http://forum.xakep.ru/view.asp?topicID=64268

- -

GO! forum.xakep.ru

. , , - ( - ), - .

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. -, , - - , , , - , . - , - .

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, ,

, , . - , - - . , - ...

| 63

. , - . - , - , , , - . , , . - , (-, ) B ( -), B -

- ( ), - ( ). ... , - ( ). ? ! , . -, , - , !

GGRROOKKIINNNN:: OGAME.RU -, -

-, - - (, , ). , -, COMBATS.RU( ), -, . , - FLASH, - ( ). - , - -. , .

SSAAMMIIDD:: COMBATS.RU! ,

, .

]][[EEAALL:: , , -

. WOW - ( , ), - ( ,) , , QUAKE ( - - , ).

PPUUPPKKIINN-ZZAADDEE:: - BATTLEFIELD 2. -

, - . JOIN OPERA-TION, . COUNT-ER-STRIKE .

GGAACCKKTT:: STARCRAFT. , -

. LINEAGE2. ,, ( ) , - -. WOW , -

, . - - :). - UT2004, - :). .

RRUUSSSSOO__TTUURRIISSTTOO:: -

. - , . - ,

- . - , - , -, , - . - - , -. - , . , - , - :). -,

, .

- , - . - , B. ( ) .. , , D, - . - ( ). - : C ,

B - . B, : B=> A=> C? - !

64 |

. , - , , , .

BBEELLOOZZ:: WOW - !

WARCRAFT, BLIZARD WOW. , . - - -...

, .

QQUUEESSTTOO:: WOLFENSTEIN ENEMYTERRITORY. -

: http://strimarena.ru/games/et. *NIX' -- DVD , :).

SSUUGGAARR:: LINE-AGE2

. . . WOW, . .

www.l2online.ru, - , . - :). - ...

HHOO@@XXEERR:: ! . !

- . -. - !

KKRREEEEZZZZIISS:: WARCRAFTIII TFT, QIII, CS. -

, -

... - - , STARCRAFT,UT2004, HEROYES M&M 4 - NEED FOR SPEED.

AANNDDRRUUSSHHAA:: - -- :).

-, , , - ...

MMAADD HHAAMMSSTTEERR:: - ! - -

!

- -

, - . , . ... - , ( ) -

. . , - , , . : , (- ). - -, -, . - , , ! ?

- - ,

- , . - -, ! , . , , - - - .

, - . , - . - -, .

-

( - ping), - -, .. - , . , ( -) . , - .

( ) , , - Pentium. , - , .

- ,

( ) - ( ), - - , - - -, , ., - , , - ( - , - ). - , - , , . ! -, , - .

, -. -, , . - -, - , , - - . . . $8 Perl, PHP MySQL -. - - , XP ( ), ,

- .

, -, , . - - , - !

( , -) -, - -. - . - . -, ?

-. , - . , - , -, - , , , - , . , ! , , - - , - , . , -

, , ?! , , .

, , . , - , - , - , - - , , - . -, - . , - : , - , - ( -). , - ...

. , -. , - , -, !

| 65

-

-

66 |

, . -, , . - . . - , , . ,, , - .

- , - . - -, . , , .

, : , p-. -. , , , .

-. , (, , ). , - , , - . - , ,

100% , , !

, , - ( , ). . , , , , |

-. - , -

, ... , -, , . - ? - , .

, , - , - , . -! ! - ? ! - - - , , - .

- -, . -, - - , . - , : , /...

ASCII- UNICODE-- : - , -/ trial-/ , , -, /. - . , . - ? -, , , . - .

wrong ss/n , ssub_401000.text:00401016 call sub_401000.text:0040101B add esp, 4.text:0040101E test eax, eax.text:00401020 jz short loc_40102F.text:00401022 push offset aWrongSN ; wrong s/n\n ; .text:00401027 call _printf....data:00406030 aWrongSN db 'wrong s/n',0Ah,0 ; DATA XREF: 00401022h^o

, - , ( -, ), -

LoadString - , -. - , , , - . - LoadString uID, lpBuffer, - ... lpBuffer - , , , , . -, - , ( : NO_ACCESS , ).

- ( , ). ( - , -) , LoadString !

, - , - . , , Deb-ug Release, , - . , IsRegistered, .

.text:00405664 cmp _IsRegistered, 0.text:0040566B jz short loc_40567A

- , - . ++- , , IDA PRO - . ( ), ( ) - . , OO Softwa-re ( ) oorwiz.dll(, OO Regi-stration Wizard), , ...

| 67

!

68 |

ooorwiz.dll OOO SSoftware , 3 0 00001FD0 RegWiz_InitLicMgr1 1 000019D0 RegWiz_InitReadOnly2 2 00001D00 RegWiz_InitTrial

rtti , - RTTI (Runtime Type Identification) DELPHI/Borland++ Builder, , ! DEDE, Etlin HTTP Proxy Server, TfrmRegister, - fRegister - OK bOKClick, - 48D2DCh. - !

, -, , , . -, , (. obfusca-tion). -, , NOP, XCHG EAX, EBX/XHG EBX, EAX, - /. -, ,

, - .

, . , . XOR EAX, EAX/JNZ trg - ( - IDA PRO). - . , , , . - (, wasm'), - - , , , - , , . !

, - , . -, .NET Obfuscator http://blogs.msdn.com/obfus-cator/default.aspx. , - - ! , -, ( , -, ), , - . - : - . ,

( ) , , - . , , , - - , , - . : - API- , .

-, . : .

/- - , -, - . - : -, - .

- , , . () , - ( , ). - , - - /- .

, aarmadillo.00434000: 60 pushad.00434001: E800000000 call .000434006 -------- (1).00434006: 5D pop ebp.00434007: 50 push eax.00434008: 51 push ecx.00434009: EB0F jmps .00043401A -------- (2).0043400B: B9EB0FB8EB mov ecx,0EBB80FEB ;e?0e.00434010: 07 pop es.00434011: B9EB0F90EB mov ecx,0EB900FEB ;e?0e.00434016: 08FD or ch,bh.00434018: EB0B jmps .000434025 -------- (3).0043401A: F2 repne.0043401B: EBF5 jmps .000434012 -------- (4).0043401D: EBF6 jmps .000434015 -------- (5).0043401F: F2 repne.00434020: EB08 jmps .00043402A -------- (6).00434022: FD std.00434023: EBE9 jmps .00043400E -------- (7).00434025: F3 repe.00434026: EBE4 jmps .00043400C -------- (8).00434028: FC cld.00434029: E959585051 jmp 051533887.0043402E: EB0F jmps .00043403F -------- (9)

. -, .-, , , ( ).-, , - . , , , -. , -. , , , , - , , .. - , - . , - .

- . - , , .

pp- p- Visual Basic', - - ( VMWare). - -, , - , ( !) -, . ,

( ) . ( ). ?..

, - , -- , - , . , . - , , ... , p-

? ! ! ! p- - , , - . .

p- - - . p-, - , -.

, - , , . -! , ? , -, .

Pascal- Basic- - . p- ( ) . , , , - , - , IF THEN ELSE, ! , -, , - ? -

| 69

!

DEDE - RTTI- - Etlin HTTPProxy ( :fRegister, CtrlCheckCon-trols, FormShow, IRegi-sterURLClick, bOK-Click .)

70 |

- , ... - crackme -, .

. : --, p-, -, ---. -, - , . - . -. , - ...

- ( ssee.exe, IInterrupt LList')seg000:1F29 loc_1F29:; CODE XREF: start+39B9vjseg000:1F29 call sub_1F04seg000:1F2C mov word_A5C, bxseg000:1F30 mov si, dxseg000:1F32 mov bp, [bx+38h]

seg000:1F35 mov sp, [bx+36h]seg000:1F38 lodswseg000:1F39 mov bx, axseg000:1F3B jmp word ptr [bx]

- (, , ), . - - , - - .

- , - (, ), ... - , , (, , ), . . , - , - . , -, , ,

, - !

, , , . - . .

, - - ( - ), - . - ( CD-COPS, Star-For-ce) , - -. - Star-Force - , , - Windows Star-Force. - . - , - ,

- , - . , - . - - , - . - , - - ( !).

- , . , - . : , . - , , ? , - , -

RTTI - - !

, - armadillo

. , - .

, ? - ! - , . . - . (- , ). , - : InternetGetConnectedState , , , ( ). Macro Express , . - , InternetGet-ConnectedState , - . , , , , , - ... InternetGet-ConnectedState ! , - WININET.DLL, - InternetGetConnectedState, - , .

- , Microsoft . ! - -,

. , , - hiew' , . - - !

( ) - , ! , - . , .

- , - -, . -, . VM Ware , VM Ware. - , .

, - . - , VMWare, , , - - , - . ( , !) - VM Ware , - , . (, -). - , . ...

-. , . , - -, AS-PI ( ) SPTI

( NT/XP -). . GetVolu-meInformation -. , , -, . - , Windows- ( ) .

oonn ddeemmaanndd - , -, . . -, ( ), - , -, , . ?

-, , , . -, , - ( , , - MAC- ). - , - ( -), -, .

- -. -, . , - . , ( exe-

| 71

. - - -, !

72 |

). - -, - . PE--, - , , .

- , , , .

, - char *p = 0;// 1DWORD my_icon = MY_ICON_ID;// 2

if (!p) p = (char*) malloc(MEM_SIZE);my_icon = (DWORD) LoadIcon (hInstance, my_icon);

, , - . p - - , (!p) (!) , . , ! -, - :(. , - , , , - ? ...

LoadIcon - my_icon - , . , (, ), -, , . , -. , - :).

- , -. (- ), ... , .

( MMicrosoft VVisual CC++ MMFC).text:00402A82 push ebp.text:00402A83 mov ebp, esp.text:00402A85 push 0FFFFFFFFh

.text:00402A87 push offset unk_403748

.text:00402A8C push offset loc_402C06

.text:00402A91 mov eax, large fs:0

.text:00402A97 push eax

.text:00402A98 mov large fs:0, esp

.text:00402A9F sub esp, 68h

...

.text:00402BAA call ds:GetModuleHandleA

.text:00402BB0 push eax

.text:00402BB1 call _WinMain@16 ; WinMain(x,x,x,x)

GGetModuleHandleA API- GetModuleHandleA . , / start-up-- WinMain ( GetVesion/Get-VersionEx, GetCommandLine, GetStartupInfo ..). , - h API- , , . 8Bh, , -, , (-) 55h. VirtualAlloc, CCh 8Bh . ! , - Windows API- -, .

- Drx. mov eax,DrX - , , () , - , x86 - . , Drx, , ! , - , . , . SDK API- GetThreadContext, - , , - .

. SEH, - ( , - ) - . fs:0, SEH-- ( ).

fs:0. , , SEH-, fs:0 -

- - , -, -. , , ESP, - (soft-ice ) .

. , , - - ( , - ). - - , , , - , .

$$pc . - - . - , - . , - , - ( ), - - . . , . $pc ( x86 eip) , - , -, . !

- , soft-ice , . . , -- ( p-) soft-ice -. --, , -, , - , , -, .

, -, . , 9x, NT, . - Microsoft, Windows. , - , , . - , .

, IceExt - soft-ice, -. , soft-ice+IceExt, OllyDbg. - -. soft-ice . . . - . , .

-, rand(), . , , , 69h, -. -, - .

, , , . - ! , - . , / , - , ! - : - - ( ) - . , , . -! , - , .., . - ...

() ( -), , -

. - . - ! - . , , -. (, ) - ! , - . ( WM_CHAR DDE) ( - , WM_GETTEXT, - ).

- IDA PRO. - , - . - ( -) , - - . - / -, () - , , -. p- - .

-, . - - call eax - , , eax . - -, , - IDA, , . , . , , - , ! - , - call eax , . eax - , eax . - !

, sub_sub_demo(int a, void *p, void *d){

// printf(sub_sub_demo\n);if (--a) return ((int(*)(int, void*, void*))p)(a, p, d);return 0;

}

sub_demo(int a, void *p, void *d){

// printf(sub_demo\n);if (--a) return ((int(*)(int, void*, void*))d)(a, p, d);return 0;

}demo(int a, void *p, void *d){

// printf(demo\n);((int(*)(int, void*, void *))p)(a, p, d);

}main(){

demo(0x69,sub_demo, sub_sub_demo);}

. main - demo, sub_demo sub_demo, - , . , . ! .

, .text:00401000 loc_401000:; DATA XREF: _maino.text:00401000 mov ecx, [esp+4].text:00401004 dec ecx.text:00401005 jz short loc_401018.text:00401007 mov eax, [esp+0Ch].text:0040100B push eax.text:0040100C mov eax, [esp+0Ch].text:00401010 push eax.text:00401011 push ecx.text:00401012 call eax.text:00401014 add esp, 0Ch.text:00401017 retn.text:00401020.text:00401020 loc_401020:; DATA XREF: _main+5o.text:00401020 mov ecx, [esp+4].text:00401024 dec ecx.text:00401025 jz short loc_401038.text:00401027 mov eax, [esp+0Ch].text:0040102B mov edx, [esp+8].text:0040102F push eax.text:00401030 push edx.text:00401031 push ecx.text:00401032 call eax.text:00401034 add esp, 0Ch.text:00401037 retn.text:00401040.text:00401060 _main proc near; CODE XREF: start+AF p.text:00401060 push offset loc_401000.text:00401065 push offset loc_401020.text:0040106A push 69h.text:0040106C call sub_401040.text:00401071 add esp, 0Ch.text:00401074 retn.text:00401074 _main endp

IDA Pro , - main ! sub_demo sub_sub_de-mo . - loc_401000. - . ? ! - . - - -, main, , ( - ). , - , , - , , - ...

, - , - . - , - . , - , - , - . -, IDA PRO.

- . , , FindWindow , , Window--, . -, ( FindWindow/SetWindowText), - . .

? . , - , , -. -/ - , - .

- -, . , - - !

74 |

2005 ( 3dgamers.ru):

1 F.E.A.R.2 NEED FOR SPEED:

MOST WANTED3 GTA: SAN ANDREAS4 PP 35 CALL OF DUTY 26 PRINCE OF PERSIA 3:

TWO THRONES7 SPLINTER CELL:

CHAOS THEORY8 FAHRENHEIT9 QUAKE 41 0 BATTLEFIELD 2

+ SPECIAL FORCES

Action/FPS 2005 :

1 F.E.A.R2 SPLINTER CELL:

CHAOS THEORY3 CALL OF DUTY 24 GTA: SAN ANDREAS5 QUAKE 4

y p 2005 :

1 PP 32 Y P: P3 EX MACHINA4 : PPP

+ Y P5 2.

H

p 2005 :

1 CIVILIZATION IV2 AGE OF EMPIRES 33 BLACK & WHITE 24 UFO: AFTERSHOCK

5 2. H

Adventure/Quest 2005 :

1 FAHRENHEIT2 6:

H P3 KING KONG4 MYST V: END OF AGES5 P.

RPG 2005 :

1 FABLE: THE LOST CHAPTERS2 PP 33 GOTHIC 2:

NIGHT OF THE RAVEN

Simulation 2005 :

1 BLACK & WHITE 22 X3: REUNION3 SILENT HUNTER 34 EX MACHINA5 SIMS 2 NIGHTLIFE

Racing Sim 2005 :

1 NEED FOR SPEED: MOST WANTED

2 JUICED3 LADA RACING CLUB

3dgamers.ru, pp 2005 Pro Evolution Soccer 5

MMORPG 2005 :

1 GUILD WARS2 ULTIMA ONLINE:

MONDAIN'S LEGACY3 P: P P

. -, 2D--, , - PopCap Framework (. ). - SDK, 7 . Zuma Dy-nomite. , - Boost (www.boost.org). Pop-Cap SDK . - Boost'. MSVC++ 6.0. , - VC 7 8, - PopCap.

, - PopCap.

// GameApp* anApp = new GameApp();// anApp->Init();// anApp->Start();// delete anApp;

GameApp. SexyAppBase PopCap. - , - , - : , , - , -. Bo-ard, Widget GameApp. -

: - () , - . Board - (), - : - - ( /), () - ( ). - LeftPanel, Widget ButtonListener, - , - . - Board.

, . - PlayArea - Board. , ( - ). - ,

, ! ?! ! ! ! - - ( ): , , TREAS -, , - :) | (TONY@EYKONTECH.COM)

tetris

| 77

. UML--, , - .

GameDriver. -: , , . , , , - . , - , - GameLogic, GameDriver. - GameView, GameDriver. GameView , () . - 1020 Playfield. - TetrisBlock, - . UML- .

// SexyAppBase::Init();// ( )LoadResourceManifest();// Initif( !mResourceManager->LoadRe-sources(Init) ){

ShowResourceError(true);return;

}if( !ExtractInitResources(mResourceManager) ){ShowResourceError(true);

return;}// ,

if( !mResourceManager->LoadResources(TitleScreen) ){

ShowResourceError(true);return;

}if( !ExtractTitleScreenResources(mResourceManager) ){

ShowResourceError(true);return;

}// m_titleScreen.reset(new TitleScreen(this));m_titleScreen->Resize(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);m_titleScreen->Init();mWidgetManager->AddWidget(m_titleScreen.get());mNumLoadingThreadTasks = mResourceMana-ger->GetNumResources(Game);// mMusicInterface->LoadMusic(0, Musics/1984-Network.s3m);mMusicInterface->FadeIn(0, 0, 0.002, false);

, , . - , - . XML--, () -: , . XTreas. Init , - . Tit-tleScreen , - . , Ga-me .

() PopCap, , - , - : - B. , -

. , , - .

// mResourceManager->DeleteResources(TitleScreen);// m_board.reset( new Board(this) );mWidth = IMAGE_LEFT_PANEL->GetWidth() +320 + BORDER_SIZE;m_board->Resize(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);mWidgetManager->AddWidget( m_board.get() );SetFocusToBoard();

-, - ( ) . : , . , , , - . () - , , , . - AddedToManager, RemovedFromManager.

void LeftPanel::AddedToManager(WidgetMana-ger* theWidgetManager){Widget::AddedToManager(theWidgetManager);// int width = IMAGE_BUTTON_AQUA->GetWidth();int height = mHeight IMAGE_BUTTON_AQUA->GetHeight();// m_newGame = CreateButton(BUTTON_NEW_GA-ME, New Game, mWidth/2 width/2, height);// theWidgetManager->AddWidget( m_newGame.get() );}

--, , But-tonDepress.

void LeftPanel::ButtonDepress(int theId){switch(theId){case BUTTON_NEW_GAME:m_app->OnNewGame();break;case BUTTON_PAUSE:

, -

78 |

m_app->OnPauseGame();break;}}

. , , .. - - . KeyDown ( - ) - , : -.

void Board::KeyDown(KeyCode theKey){Widget::KeyDown(theKey);switch(theKey){case KEYCODE_SPACE:m_app->m_gameDriver.Rotate();break;case KEYCODE_LEFT:m_app->m_gameDriver.Left();break;case KEYCODE_RIGHT:m_app->m_gameDriver.Right();break;case KEYCODE_DOWN:m_app->m_gameDriver.Drop();break;}}

, - New Game, , , -

, . - Update() GameDriver.

// , if(!m_isNewGame && !(m_gameState & GAME_OVER) ) return;m_gameView.SetGraphics( g );// if( m_current ){

// if( elapsed > m_gameLogic.GetSpeed() && !m_isPaused ){// if( m_playfield.CheckBlock(*m_current, m_currentX, m_currentY+1) ){// m_playfield.InsertBlock(*m_current, m_cur-rentX, m_currentY);//, if( IsGameOver() ){GameOver();secStart = secEnd;return;}m_current = 0;//, () m_playfield.GetFullRows(bottom, count);if(!count){// , ThrowNextBlock();// gSexyAppBase->PlaySample(SOUND_BLOCK_DOWN);}else{

//

// m_animState = CLEAN_ROWS;// gSexyAppBase->PlaySample(SOUND_FULL_LINE);}}else{++m_currentY;}

secStart = secEnd;elapsed = 0;}}// if(m_animState == NORMAL){// DrawNormal(elapsed / m_gameLogic.GetSpeed());}// else{

// if( elapsed > LINE_ANIM_SPEED && !m_isPaused ){

// m_playfield.Update();secStart = secEnd;elapsed = 0;m_animState = NORMAL;// ThrowNextBlock();// m_gameLogic.UpdateScore(count);bottom=count=0;return;}// ( )DrawSfx(elapsed/LINE_ANIM_SPEED, bottom, count);}

, , . , , . , - , , . , , . , ( ), . - . - ( -) , . - . .

void Playfield::Update(){SquareCoord bottom, count;//, GetFullRows(bottom, count);if(count){

// RemoveRows(bottom, count);}

}void Playfield::GetFullRows(SquareCoord & bot-tom, SquareCoord & count) const{count = 0;bottom = -1;// for(int i = m_rows.size()-1; i != 0 &&!m_rows[i].IsEmpty(); --i){

// if(m_rows[i].IsFull()){

// if(count == 0){bottom = i;count++;}elsecount++;}else

// , if(count != 0) break;}}

void Playfield::RemoveRows(SquareCoord bottom, SquareCoord count){//, assert(bottom>=0 && bottom=1 && count0 && bottom-count bottom-count; --i){// assert( m_rows[i].IsFull() );// m_rows[i].Reset();}// for(i = bottom; i != 4; --i ){m_rows[i] = m_rows[i-count];}}

, - , GetFul-lRows(). , -

, , RemoveRows(). - - ThrowNextBlock.

void GameDriver::ThrowNextBlock(){// if( !m_isPaused ){assert(m_current==0);// m_block = m_nextBlock;// m_nextBlock = TetrisBlock();// for(int i = 0; i < rand()%4; ++i )m_nextBlock.Rotate();

// m_current = &m_block;m_currentX = 3;m_currentY = -2;// if(m_pushedSpeed>0){m_gameLogic.m_levelInfo.m_spe-ed = m_pushedSpeed;m_pushedSpeed = 0;}}}

, - . -. - , . , - , , - , , - .

() . , - . - - , . , - -

. , ! . , . , 20 000 , , - .

- - . , - - . -

, , STL Boost. , , shared_ptr Boost.

- - : Lua, Python, XML .. , - .

- - , -. -. - , -, ..

| 79

2D- POP-CAP FRAMEWORK BOOST

80 |

, - , . , - , , , . - , - |TONY (PORCO@ARGENTINA.COM)

3D-:

, . -, , - . , , , . , , -: , , ! - . -

, , - , PC, . . -, , - face- , , - . -, , PC,, , , , , .

RenderWare, Unreal Engine, Source . ? ! , - , - . , - , - . , , , - . , . , - , - .

, . ( In-die team - ) - -. , - , - . Ogre 3D (Opensource graphics engine),

. , -, Ogre (www.ogre3d.org.ru). : ( 2005) Lesta , . Lesta , - Ogre - - (Win-dows Linux), - ( 1.0.6). - Ogre DirectX

7.0, DirectX 9.0 openGL 1.5, , , -, - -wpapper'. - : Cg, HLSL, GLSL (, - ). 3D- -, -: Milkshape3D, 3D Studio Max, Ma-ya, Blender Wings3D. -

ooggrree 33dd

1 WWW.OGRE3D.ORG2 WWW.NEBULADEVICE.ORG3 IRRLICHT.SOURCEFORGE.NET4 WWW.DEVMASTER.NET/ENGINES

Ogre . Ra-don Labs Nebula Engine, - - - , Ogre. , Nebula - . , - C++- . , - Nebula C++. Ogre , Nebula - Windows DirectX. - - .

(HLSL FX- DirectX), - , , . - Ogre, - - ( -!), - - - - . - 2005 , - 2.0.

| 81

nneebbuullaa ddeevviiccee

iirrrrlliicchhtt eennggiinnee - Irrlicht Engine. -- (Windows Linux) - DirectX (8.1, 9.0), openGL 1.5 - . , (- ), . 3D--, C++ - . - . - , , .. -, - - 2005 , - 0.14.0.

- Irrlicht Engine

- . - , , - , - BSP Octree. - - . - . , - - .

, - Commu-nity.

- - (), - ( -) - -. , - , - - , - .

Radon Labs

, -

82 |

Criterion ( Electronic Arts), UE3, . PlayStation 2,PlayStation Portable, Xbox, GameCube, PC N-Gage. -, RenderWare Studio 2.0 - - .

. - RenderWare ( Criterion) - - - EA :). , -, FIFA 2005 FIFA2006?.. , ?!

, . :). - , Epic Games Unre-al . - Un-real Engine 3, - . DirectX 9.0, Xbox 360 PlayStation 3. - , 64- (HDR), ( - ), ( - ), - . ( ) . -

, - - . UE3 Novo-deX (, - Ageia, 2006 -). - -, . , - - , , - . , - -, , Rag-Doll. AnimTree .

- 3D--

. - . : , NPC, , . - ( , ), ( - ), - . - - , - . - UnrealKismet. - UnrealMatinee. - , 5.1 Dolby Digital. - , . UnrealEd - - .

, , - Unreal. - UDP, - - 64- , - 16- ., , -. , , Duke Nukem Forever Star Wars: Republic Commando. Unre-al (www.unrealtechnolo-gy.com/html/powered/released.shtml). DTF :www.dtf.ru/articles/read.php?id=1102. UE3 - $750 ., .

rreennddeerrwwaarree

uunnrreeaall eennggiinnee 33

-

, . - , - . - : , Doom 3, add-on Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil, Quake 4, Pray,

Enemy Territory: Quake Wars MegaTexture. - Quake 3 , , - . , -

Quake. ID , D3 - .

Unreal Engine 3. , , , - , - Source. - , Mega-Texture - . - Doom 3 -, - , -, .

| 83

ssoouurrccee eennggiinnee

ddoooomm 33 eennggiinnee

, , Valve Source, - Half-Life 2, Day of Defeat: Source, Coun-ter Strike: Source. Troika Games ( , - ) RPGVampire the Masquerade: Bloodlines, Smi-ling Gator Productions MMORPG Twilight War: Afterthe Fall, Extreme Online Rolepla-ying Game (XORG).

,Source Windows- DirectX. - ++. , - , -, -. Unreal Engine 3, - Source , , ..

Source , - 1999. -, , , . - - Havok 2. -, Half-Life 2 gameplay.

Valve - . - Source - , - - , , - . - , 5.1. . - . -, Source, - : -

, , , - 3D-. Source, -, , -. , Valve , - , - -. .

HDR

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