易學與世界新秩序的構建 論文集三

323
《周易》是公开流传下来的、我国最早的一部经典之一,约成书于西周时期。 《史记》载文王拘而演周易”,即传说周文王被商纣王囚在羑里(据考今河南 省安阳市汤阴县城外)时潜心研易而推演出来的,故有“文王演周易”的故事广 为流传。春秋战国时期,有很多人依托周易的卦爻形式创立发挥哲学思想。大约 在战国、秦汉之际,以孔子为代表的一些儒家学者系统整理了解说《周易》的作 品,并把它们编篡成书,这就是后来在中国思想史上影响巨大的哲学巨著《易 传》。到了汉朝“独尊儒术”时期,因《周易》相传曾有过“人更三圣,事历三 古”(即上古时代伏羲氏画“八卦”、中古时代周文王演“周易”、下古时代孔 子作“易传”)的光辉历史,故被奉为儒家经典,成为经学家们研修的一项专门 学问,为“易学”的应用发展积累了丰富的经验和学术资源。此后,《周易》的 经、传、学始终稳居中国历朝历代(民国以前)学术的核心地位,成为当时 研修者观察宇宙人生,锻炼思维能力,建构学说的理论基础,对于形成独具特色 的中华文化,促进中华文化的发展产生了无与伦比的影响。 迄今,学术界公认《周 易》的“经、传、学”是中华文化之源。 在人类文明进入二十一世纪的今天,中国已成为举世瞩目和竞相合作的经济 发展中心,随着中国加入 WTO 的发展进程,尤其 2008 北京奥运会的举办,越来 越多的国家开始了解、学习中华文化,中国政府同时也把中华民族的伟大复兴, 中华经济与文化在世界的崛起作为国家发展的核心战略。中国成为世界最为关注 的经济中心,同时必然会成为世界最为关注的中华文化中心。中国自鸦片战争以 来,一直在学习引进西方文化和科技文明,尤其是科技文明,但这毕竟是发展的 手段,中华民族的核心文化符号是什么?随着世界经济一体化,社会政治经济结 构的发展变化,思想观念和研究方法的更新,我们今天研究传统文化也该是有所 创新、有所发现的时候了。 几千年来,易学的研究一直有很多谜团萦绕在人们的周围,首先是《周易》 的符号体系如何建立?如何推演?八卦及伏羲八卦图如何设立?文王八卦图和 六十四重卦如何推演?河图、洛书如何产生?等等诸多疑问,不一而足。这些问 810

Upload: eastspider-eastspider

Post on 23-Mar-2016

301 views

Category:

Documents


23 download

DESCRIPTION

第五屆國際易學與現代文明學術研討會 2010年9月 香港

TRANSCRIPT

  • WTO 2008

    810

  • 2009 5

    [email protected]

    811

  • 812

  • 2326

    2326

    813

  • 3.1

    3.2

    U

    D

    U D

    U

    D

    E

    S

    S

    =2*90-

    814

  • 3.3

    U D D U

    U D DU

    A

    M

    D

    U

    D

    A

    U

    815

  • 3.4

    U D AM AM

    ADMU ADMU

    D1

    U3

    DU D U A0

    D U D U M2

    D

    A

    M

    U

    816

  • D U

    U

    A

    M

    D

    817

  • 818

  • EMBA IT

    2009

    2009 6

    [email protected]

    819

  • 820

  • 821

  • 822

  • 823

  • 824

  • 825

  • 826

  • 827

  • 3-2-3

    828

  • 3-2-4

    :

    829

  • 830

  • 831

  • 12345

    678910

    832

  • 833

  • ,

    834

  • 21.00845

    10

    21.0084528.00129

    11322

    6

    71273

    217

    4

    21127

    21

    ()

    10

    ()

    12

    ()

    835

  • ()

    ()

    836

  • 837

  • 838

  • 3-2-5

    ()

    ()

    839

  • nao

    tuo

    gen

    840

  • 1

    841

  • 2

    1

    ()

    842

  • (2)

    )

    (3)

    843

  • 844

  • (4)

    (

    )()

    ))

    845

  • ,

    ,

    1

    846

  • 3639

    24

    (7)(4)(3

    )(2)1

    847

  • 2

    3

    ()

    (())

    848

  • dong

    tu

    96

    820

    ()

    (

    )

    849

  • )

    ()

    ()

    850

  • ()

    4

    (1645)

    1736)

    851

  • ()

    ()

    852

  • ()

    )

    853

  • 3-2-6

    16777

    10-3

    107109

    1/3

    854

  • 1

    1.

    FMD

    FG

    G

    855

  • 2

    167

    77

    0.0510-3

    9.110-3

    0.810-3

    1.010-3

    0.0410-3

    0.000610-3

    0.000110-3

    0.00000310-3

    167

    77244

    10-3

    2327

    2835,

    856

  • R

    C

    2.

    1

    1107109

    hgfh

    gf10-9m

    1/31/2

    857

  • 386

    2

    2

    3. 2834

    858

  • 3

    a1994.09.167.3b1996.05.036.4

    c1996.02

    315

    12510

    35

    9

    859

  • 1/3

    4

    4

    27

    12

    1/3

    860

  • .

    11331342008.

    21691998.

    .

    3

    1591995.

    4

    1960451997.

    861

  • 3-2-7

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    1-90

    (x5 ) ( x1)

    []

    (--

    862

  • 10)

    X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 X 6 X 7 X 8 X 9 X 10 X 11 X 12 X 13

    X 1+4n

    1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

    2 4 8 16 32 4 8 6 2 4 8 6 2 2

    3 9 27 81 243 9 7 1 3 9 7 1 3 3

    4 16 64 256 1024 6 4 6 4 6 4 6 4 4

    5 25 125 625 3125 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

    6 36 216 1296 7776 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

    7 49 343 2401 16807 9 3 1 7 9 3 1 7 7

    8 64 512 4096 32768 4 2 6 8 4 2 6 8 8

    9 81 729 6561 59409 1 9 1 9 1 9 1 9 9

    * * * *

    *

    1941-

    *

    72

    1.618()360

    1.61811

    863

  • []

    []

    []

    (,,,)

    ,

    ( 3,

    5,8,13,21

    55,34,21,13,8

    )

    7 (57

    8, 9)

    (, ,

    ,)

    11

    (3 : 3489 : 8)

    1.

    mm.

    1:1

    360 []

    360/5 = 7272

    , []

    [] 5(), /

    :

    864

  • = 5/72 = 1.61803398875 5/72 = 1.033982124

    = 5/72 = 0.618033988755/72 = 0.967134706

    2 3 3

    1d=1/72d1 =1/72 1 1/72 = 1.61803398875 1/72 = 1.006705882

    1/72 = 0.618033988751/72 = 0.993338787

    C6H6

    C5H5FeC5H5

    C5H5 -C6H6C5H5 -

    (N)

    865

  • DNA

    DNA

    2.1 DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    23

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    866

  • DNA

    2DNA

    DNA

    DNA 4 DNA

    DNA

    20

    3.410

    34

    2.2 DNA

    DNA

    ()

    DNA

    DNA

    DNA

    867

  • DNA

    DNA

    DNA(52)

    (53)

    DNA

    DNA 5 DNA

    10.436

    DNA

    10.4

    868

  • 869

  • 3-3-1

    ?!

    21

    Ludwig Von BertalanffySYSTEM THEORY

    870

  • Norbert WienerCYBERNETICS

    Claude Elwood ShannonINFORMATION THEORY

    21

    Ilya PrigogineTHEORY OF DISSIPATIVE STRUCTURE

    871

  • 2n

    3n

    Hermann HakenSYNERGETICS

    300

    872

  • R.Thom19725

    CATASTROPHE THEORY

    873

  • 3CHAOS

    4W3H

    WhenWhere What Why

    How change How much How long

    B. B. B.B.MandelbrotFRACTAL THEORY

    874

  • Manfred EigenHYPERCYCLE THEORY

    875

  • [1] . .

    [2] . [M] . 1998.

    [3] . .1999.

    [4] . . 1992.11.

    [5] Bruno Latour. Essays on Science and Society . Washington Science

    1998-4-10.208-209.

    [6] . . : 2004.1~3.

    [7] . . 1989.

    [8] Critchlow Keith . Order in Space . New YorkThamas & Hudson2000 .17~23.

    [9] Bohm David . Quantum Implications. Lundon: Routledge & Kegan Paul

    1980.33~45.

    876

  • 3-3-2

    877

  • p63641

    7

    2

    8 3 5 10 4 9

    1 6

    1

    16382749510

    2

    3

    878

  • 2

    3

    879

  • 2

    4

    7

    2

    8 3 5 10 4 9

    1

    6

    20

    + 3+8+ 2+7 20

    + 4+9+ 1+6 20 5

    7

    2

    8 3 5 10 4 9

    1 6

    880

  • 6

    3

    7

    ()

    881

  • 8

    2 7

    8 9

    5 10

    3 4

    1 6

    882

  • 2007

    9

    883

  • 10

    7

    2

    8 3 5 10 4 9

    1

    6

    9(10)

    884

  • 17

    11

    4 9 2

    3 5 7 8 1 6

    1

    15

    15

    15

    199

    19

    885

  • 2

    123456789

    4 9 2 3 5 7

    8 1 6

    12346789

    12 13

    4 2 9 3 5 5 7

    1 8 6

    1213121800 13

    886

  • 12135

    14

    4 9 2 3 5 7 8 1 6

    3

    123

    456789

    1234

    1234

    887

  • 5

    6789

    5

    55

    7000

    4

    141800

    1800 15

    1

    2 6

    5

    3 5 7

    888

  • 4 8

    9

    567895678

    18

    12346789

    112

    344

    997

    655

    3

    889

  • 5

    5

    15

    6438416

    19

    890

  • 16

    4 9 2

    3 5 7 8 1 6

    6

    17

    17

    4 9 2

    3 5 7

    8 1 6

    891

  • 18

    7 4 9 2

    2 3 5 7

    8 3 5 10 4 9

    1 8 1 6 6

    274

    9

    892

  • 19

    2 7 9 27

    3 5 4

    9

    3 5

    4

    8

    8 1 6

    16

    20

    7 7 2 9 2 3 5 4 8 3 5 4 9 1 8 1 6 6

    893

  • 3

    3

    !

    S

    894

  • 21

    22

    895

  • 21 22

    22

    12222

    21

    S23

    896

  • 23

    2

    3

    3

    897

  • 3-3-3

    A O,

    AAA. OOO

    OOA AOO

    OAO AOA

    AAO OAA

    898

  • DNA64

    899

  • 900

  • 901

  • 902

  • 903

  • 904

  • 905

  • 906

  • 907

  • 908

  • 909

  • 910

  • 911

  • 912

  • 913

  • 914

  • 915

  • 916

  • 917

  • 918

  • 919

  • 920

  • 921

  • 922

  • 923

  • DNA64

    924

  • 3-3-4

    /

    []

    2

    1 220072009

    925

  • [ ]

    926

  • =

    =

    =

    927

  • =

    ==

    928

  • 1

    1

    :

    2

    !

    929

  • 2

    :

    3

    !

    930

  • 3

    :

    931

  • 1

    4

    4

    932

  • 2

    1

    933

  • 2

    3

    5

    934

  • 4

    935

  • 936

  • 1

    2

    3

    937

  • 42007

    52008

    938

  • 3-3-5

    40

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    939

  • 40

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    940

  • 941

  • 1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    942

  • 3000

    6464 = 3842

    1100

    2206464 = 3848

    2002206464 = 384

    64

    200220384384 = 147456

    64

    200

    943

  • 280

    1986815

    21

    944

  • Fr

    1

    Ft

    2

    Fr1

    Ft2

    945

  • Fe r

    3

    Fe t

    4

    Fs r

    5

    Fs t

    6

    Fn r

    7

    Fn t

    8

    18

    946

  • CEM0 0

    GH

    947

  • 1929

    vd

    t0

    H0 ( H0 = 1.6210-18/ )

    19550

    46

    195

    948

  • T ()

    V /

    Z0 Z0 = 1.669108 /

    1000

    367

    79.94

    59.25

    49.74

    40.28

    21.79

    16.10

    11.35

    9.06

    7.91

    949

  • 2010-7-9

    950

  • 3-3-6

    951

  • 952

  • 953

  • 954

  • 955

  • 956

  • 957

  • 958

  • 3-3-7

    1999 2006

    915Los Angeles Times

    9186

    927

    2006930

    959

  • ......................Error! Bookmark not defined. .......................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. .......................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. ...............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

    2006915Los Angeles Times

    [1]

    [2]2006918

    6

    2006927

    [3]

    1999 ,

    , 2006

    , , ,

    960

  • 2,900

    2002,

    [4],

    650

    Casca

    jal,

    5 (12 ) 26(12 )

    ,

    62-

    [5]2

    961

  • 8,

    900

    !

    400

    -

    1200 400,

    1924

    ,

    962

  • 963

  • 2006930

    964

  • 1.

    965

  • 2.

    ?

    966

  • 3.

    967

  • 4.

    S

    968

  • 5.

    ()

    969

  • 6.

    970

  • ()

    191918

    18

    ()

    200410

    Phaistos Disc[k][6]200411

    [7]

    [8]

    !

    971

  • /

    ??

    ?

    (

    )

    :

    972

  • [9]

    [1] Thomas H. Maugh II. Writing on Olmec Slab Is Hemisphere's Oldest [N] Los Angeles Times. September 15, 2006. [2] Stephen Houston. Oldest Writing in the New World [J] Science 15 September 2006: Vol. 313. no. 5793, pp. 1610 1614.. [3] Laura Kennedy. Roots traced back to glyphs of Mexico's Olmec civilization [DB/OL] December 5, 2002. American Association for the Advancement of Science. http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/olmec/olmec-writing.htm

    [4].[A]2006927

    [5]. (Andrew Bridges)..

    2,900 (Stone reveals ancient

    writing system

    2,900-year-old text represents oldest known New World inscription)[A]

    http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14834538/

    [6].[A]DECIPHER THE PHAISTOS DISC'S

    CHARACTES200410472006327

    [7] .[M] 200411

    [8] -,,

    [M]1989

    [9] .[A]20069278

    973

  • 1982

    1104710016

    86-13649269329

    [email protected]@yahoo.com.cn

    974

  • 3-3-8

    1 2 1. (316004) 2. ( 150001)

    975

  • 1.

    ,

    [1]

    976

  • 2.

    [2]

    3.

    11

    2

    2

    (

    1

    977

  • 1

    4.

    2

    978

  • [3]

    979

  • 5.

    980

  • 3

    4

    4

    3

    4

    981

  • 6.

    [4]

    +

    982

  • [1] [M]19952-3

    [2] [M]1993

    [3] [M]19859

    [4] 200505-101

    The Cosmo-fundamental model of unity of opposites

    ShiYixiang1, Li Yousong2

    983

  • 1Department of mathematics, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan 316004 2Aherbin engineering university; Aherbin 150001, China

    Abstract

    In the historical current of physics, science and human society going to unification, there are cosmos unified theories continuously emerge in china. A

    Cosmo-fundamental model of unity of opposites, which experiences 9 years gestation naturally, rises up eventually today. Based on the fundamental result of philosophy:

    the cosmos is a unity of opposites, and by dint of method of similar analogy of mathematics, the Cosmo-fundamental model of unity of opposites obtains significant

    theoretical fruits of philosophy together with physics, mathematics and cosmography. It has simple idea, art method and fruit in abundance, which make

    human to look with new eyes. The model advances three fundaments: fundamental concept, fundamental formula and fundamental model. The fundamental concept describes the root of cosmos, fundamental formula depicts the birth and death of

    matter, and fundamental model is fundamental picture of cosmos. It also advances structural formula of complex-state matter, measurement formula of matter evolution and static Tai-ji picture. Cosmo-fundamental model of unity of opposites not only has the foundation to blend Chinese traditional culture, but also has power to connect with

    modern science.

    The key words: Zero-state matte the Cosmo-fundamental equation the

    Cosmo-fundamental model of unity of oppositematter coordinate systemstructural

    formula of complex-state mattermeasurement formula of the matter evolution.

    (1958-)

    1937-

    984

  • 3-3-9

    201822

    011

    0,

    0

    10

    1

    0 1

    0 1

    :

    985

  • 0

    1

    01

    01

    0

    11 0

    ,

    986

  • 987

  • 0

    10

    1

    0

    1 0

    1

    988

  • 989

  • 990

  • 991

  • 0

    0 0

    11

    12

    1 3

    992

  • 3 2

    1

    0.0123321

    0

    0

    0 0

    1 1

    1 2

    3 3

    2

    1 0

    01233210

    1

    2

    993

  • 3

    4

    5

    6

    013715312316

    98101462230 25

    994

  • 1819172129135 2

    2726242820412 11

    272624282041211

    18191721291352

    9810146223025

    013715312316

    995

  • 0 0

    0 1

    1 2

    3

    3 1

    2 1

    0012

    33210

    01234567891011

    1213 1415161718192021

    2223242526272829303131

    30292827 26252423222120

    191817161514131211109

    876543210

    996

  • :

    1.AC2008

    2.:,1963.

    20091027

    [email protected]

    997

  • 3-3-10

    132

    15

    998

  • 5000

    999

  • 1

    2-P354

    17

    1000

  • 2-P354

    20

    1001

  • 2-P23

    1002

  • 3-P269

    20 70

    7000 9000

    5000

    5000

    1003

  • 4

    5-P53

    g T g/2

    g T g

    T g/2T g

    g T

    6

    V2=gR

    T=2 V2=2gR R

    R0 H m

    1004

  • mV2=mgR mV2=2mgR

    1

    LT

    2

    Rm

    3 V2=gR Rm

    R2

    L T g

    .

    v2

  • 5000

    19

    1006

  • 1 2000 1 2 2003 3 1994 4 1997 5 ( ) 1995 6 2005 3

    2004 9 3 2004

    2006 5 13 14

    1007

  • 1008

  • 3-3-11

    1

    1009

  • 2

    1

    30km

    :(

    )

    :

    :

    1010

  • 3

    ,

    100

    1011

  • 4

    1012

  • 5

    1013

  • 1

    2

    1014

  • 3

    1

    10923

    1015

  • ""

    2

    3

    1016

  • 4

    1017

  • 5

    6

    1018

  • 7

    7

    1019

  • 4-1-1

    (,)

    64

    2223

    64

    1020

  • 1021

  • 64

    1022

  • 4-1-2

    12491333

    1023

  • 1

    2

    3

    1

    44 2 20056 3 20014

    1024

  • 4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    4 20014 5 46 6 65 7 1961906 8

    1025

  • 9

    10

    9 10

    1026

  • 11

    12

    112 121

    1027

  • 13

    14

    15

    13 14 157

    1028

  • 16

    17

    18

    19

    20

    21

    16 20014 177 187 1975 207 217

    1029

  • 22

    23

    2425

    26

    27

    2220014 233 243 253 261998113115 2745

    1030

  • 28

    29

    30

    31

    284 2942 30 94 31 4

    1031

  • 32

    33

    34

    35

    32 42 33 4 34 94 35 21

    1032

  • 36

    36 2

    1033

  • 37

    38

    39

    40

    37 3 38 10 39 94 40 1519619741009

    1034

  • 41

    42

    43

    41 5 42 139 43 70

    1035

  • 44

    45

    4647

    48

    49

    50

    44139 45 46 47 48 49139 50139

    1036

  • 51

    52

    53

    54

    55

    56

    51139 52139 53139 54139 55 16 5625

    1037

  • 57

    5725

    1038

  • 58

    59

    5825 5919

    1039

  • 60

    61

    62

    6019 6119 6222

    1040

  • 63

    64

    65

    66

    6322 6416 6516 6616

    1041

  • 67

    68

    69

    70

    71

    6716 68 20 6922 7022 7122

    1042

  • 72

    73

    7223 7323

    1043

  • 74

    75

    76

    74199547 7549 7626

    1044

  • 77

    78

    79

    80

    81

    82

    83

    7719 7815 7916 8022 8124 8255 8356

    1045

  • 84

    85

    86

    !

    87

    88

    89

    8462 8517 8617 8715 8815 8915

    1046

  • 90

    91

    92

    93

    9015 9115 9220052 93 1961125123

    1047

  • 94

    95

    96

    ,,

    97

    140

    9417 9517 9616 9716

    1048

  • 98

    9818

    1049

  • 99

    100

    101

    102

    9922 10022 10118 10218

    1050

  • 1051

  • 4-1-3

    :

    1052

  • 1053

  • 1054

  • 1055

  • 78

    1056

  • 1057

  • 1058

  • 1059

  • 2005133

    1060

  • 200484

    1061

  • 4-1-4

    1063

  • ()

    1964

    1064

  • 1065

  • 1066

  • 4-1-5

    350007

    1

    (1186)

    2

    3

    1 1976 2 3

    1067

  • 4

    5

    67

    89

    1248

    10

    4 19 5 2119821297 6 1997665 7 1994497 8 20013 9 10

    1068

  • 11

    12

    13

    11 12 13

    1069

  • 1415

    16

    17

    18

    19

    20

    14 15 128912922003248 16 2003248 17 18 19 20 20026

    1070

  • 1264

    1313

    21

    22

    23

    24

    25

    1274

    21 22 23 24 25

    1071

  • 26

    27

    ,,

    28

    29

    26 135320024 27 28 271996743 29 ()"" ()"""""""()"() 1990

    1072

  • 1508

    3031

    3233

    28 30 31 32 33

    1073

  • 3435

    36

    37

    1672

    1214

    38

    (1175)

    34 35 36 37 1998320041 38 []1986.12

    1074

  • (1172)

    39

    40

    ,

    ,

    ,,41

    39 []1977.11 40 []1986.12 41 []

    1075

  • 1670

    1715

    42

    ,,

    ,,

    43

    ,,

    ,,,

    ,,,

    44

    (),

    ,,

    ,,

    45

    42 2003350 43 44 45 2007229

    1076

  • 46

    47

    48

    ,,

    ,,,49

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,:

    ,,

    ,

    ,,,

    50

    46 47 48 ,,2007230 49 50 2007230

    1077

  • 1695-1774

    17241751

    51

    1751

    52

    53

    51 1998331 52 2005 53

    1078

  • 54

    55

    1

    2002

    2

    3

    4

    2005 54 2007256 55 2007256

    1079

  • 52

    6

    72

    8

    1976

    923

    101965.6

    111998

    122003

    132007

    1080

  • 4-1-6

    1

    1761-1802

    1

    1081

  • ,

    1082

  • 2

    3

    4

    2 3 4

    1083

  • 5

    5

    1084

  • 6

    7

    (

    )

    6 7

    1085

  • 8

    8

    1086

  • 9

    9

    1087

  • 10

    10

    1088

  • 4-1-7

    311300

    1089

  • 1090

  • 1091

  • y

    1092

  • 1093

  • 196211.2005

    20077

    [email protected]

    15925637911

    88 311300

    1094

  • 4-1-8

    196891989

    1991

    6

    32

    1992126

    8 32

    19921993

    1995741997

    16

    1095

  • 264

    864

    ()(

    )

    216

    864432

    432

    1096

  • 4-1-9

    ( )

    theory of state

    1097

  • ,

    ,

    1

    , , ,

    2

    ,

    3

    1 2 3

    1098

  • 4

    , , ,

    , , 5

    ,,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    4 5

    1099

  • 6

    7

    ,

    8

    9

    6 1983 7 8 9 1964121

    1100

  • 10

    11

    ,

    ,

    12

    ,

    13

    10 126 11 12 13

    1101

  • ,

    City-Sta

    te,

    14

    15

    14 Frederick Copleston, A History of Philosophy, vol I, A Division of Doubleday & Company, Inc. Garden City, New York, p.249 15

    1102

  • ,,,

    16,,,

    ,,17,

    ,,

    ,

    ,18

    19

    20

    21

    16 17 18 , , ,1997394 19 , , ,1997404 20 21

    1103

  • legitimate authority

    ,

    22

    23 22 A.C.Graham,Disputers of the Tao, Open Court Publishing Company, Peru, Illinois 1989, p.114 23

    1104

  • ,

    24

    25

    26

    27

    24 25 26 27

    1105

  • 28

    2930

    31

    28 29 30 31

    1106

  • 4-2-1

    28

    20

    1107

  • 201078

    1108

  • DNA

    1109

  • 242412

    28

    1110

  • 20

    1630

    1111

  • 1112

  • 1113

  • 1114

  • 3

    1115

  • 1116

  • 1117

  • 216

    216

    216

    864

    1118

  • 1119

  • 1120

  • 4545360

    5365

    1121

  • 4-2-2

    ()

    1122

  • 1123

  • 4-2-3

    text

    (17621836TASAN CHEONG YagYong)

    1124

  • 1

    17621836

    1

    1125

  • text

    2

    B.C.661

    2

    1)

    2)

    3)

    1

    11/112

    2

    1126

  • 2

    3

    123)

    3

    3 2/437/17

    1127

  • bi+

    4

    text

    4 2/38 2/2

    1128

  • 5

    text

    1129

  • 4text

    6

    text

    5 2/484/26 6 2/37 1/49-50

    1130

  • :

    ,,.,.7

    :

    8

    text

    7 2/40 4/40

    8

    1131

  • 9

    10

    5

    19

    9 2/473/23

    10 2/462/13

    1132

  • text

    text

    1133