Τεχνολογία_Επικοινωνία & Μεταφορές

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Technology Information Technology [2] , GNU FDL CC-BY-SA 3.0 [3]. (Technology / [2]).

[1] http:/ / lu. com/ odlis/ odlis_i. cfm#infotech[2] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ Information

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[1] http:/ / www. livepedia. gr/ index. php?title={{{1}}}& action=history[2] http:/ / www. gnu. org/ copyleft/ fdl. html

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[1] http:/ / goticket. ath. cx:8080/ wiki/ index. php/ KiX

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30

Stallings William, . , Tanenbaum Andrew S., . IEEE 802.11 WG, IEEE Std 802.11-2007 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11-1999), International Standard [for]

Information Technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local andmetropolitan area networks-Specific Requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) andPhysical Layer (PHY) specifications, 2007, ISBN 0-7381-5655-8

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Der Erste Weltkrieg, Teil 2: 1917-1918 (2 DVDs), , , 2006, EAN 7321921873591

"The Great War - Technology Land War"

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, 1769, Nicolas Jseph Cougnot, , , fardier. , !! 1770, - Siegfried Marcus . Marcus . 92 , Etienne Lenoir 1- 19,3 . 6,4 / 0,5 ( 75 1 ). , (Nikolaus Otto) , 1885 (Karl Benz). (Mannheim) . ( ), , . 1886 (Gottlieb Daimler) (Wilhelm Maybach) , 1885., .

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1903 , : , . 1908 - : Model-T, 950 . , . 15.500.000 , 280 . Model-T . .

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[1] The Duryea Brothers (http:/ / inventors. about. com/ library/ inventors/ blDuryea. htm)[2] The Ford Motor (http:/ / www. hfmgv. org/ exhibits/ showroom/ 1896d/ duryea. html)

45

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49

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ChevroletVolt No 2010. ( 149 hp) , 40 (64 ), 75% , 33 (53 ) .[9]

40 (64 ), 4- 1.4 L Opel, ( 71 hp) Volt 300 (483 ). Volt, OpelAmpera.

[1] http:/ / www. alternative-energy-news. info/

technology/ transportation/ Electric Cars (http:/ /www. alternative-energy-news. info/ technology/transportation/ electric-cars/ )

[2] Learn Pros And Cons About The All Electric Car(http:/ / www. articleinspector. com/ articles/ 452/1/Learn-Pros-And-Cons-About-The-All-Electric-Car/Page1. html)

[3] The Pros and Cons of Electric Vehicles (EVs)(http:/ / www. articlesbase. com/ cars-articles/the-pros-and-cons-of-electric-vehicles-evs-879223.html)

[4] Electric Car Conversion (http:/ / www. gavinshoebridge. com/ electric-car-conversion/ the-three-main-parts-of-an-electric-car/ )[5] dmunds.com/Green car advisor/Tesla Roadster Logs New Record of 313 Miles on Single Charge in Oz Green Rally (http:/ / blogs.

edmunds. com/ greencaradvisor/ 2009/ 10/ tesla-roadster-logs-new-record-of-313-miles-on-single-charge-in-oz-green-rally. html)[6] GM to guarantee electric car battery for 8 years - 15 July 2010, 1438 hrs IST, New York Times. (http:/ / economictimes. indiatimes. com/

news/ international-business/ GM-to-guarantee-electric-car-battery-for-8-years/ articleshow/ 6171808. cms)[7] http:/ / www. green-energy-news. com - Chevrolet Volt Standard with Eight-Year, 100,000-Mile, Transferable Battery Warranty. (http:/ /

www. green-energy-news. com/ nwslnks/ clips710/ jul10016. html)[8] Quiroga, Tony (August 2009). "Driving the Future". Car and Driver (Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., Inc.): pp. 52.[9] Money: New benefit: help with commuting costs - US News and World Report (http:/ / www. usnews. com/ usnews/ biztech/ articles/

050924/ 24career. htm)

51

http:/ / www1. eere. energy. gov/ vehiclesandfuels (http:/ / www1. eere. energy. gov/ vehiclesandfuels/ avta/

light_duty/ fsev/ fsev_gas_elec1. html) http:/ / www. detroitproject. com/ readmore/ talkingpoints (http:/ / www. detroitproject. com/ readmore/

talkingpoints. htm) teslamotors (http:/ / www. teslamotors. com/ ) wrightspeed (http:/ / www. wrightspeed. com/ ) phoenixmotorcars (http:/ / www. phoenixmotorcars. com/ ) zapworld (http:/ / www. zapworld. com/ ) gwiz (http:/ / www. goingreen. co. uk/ store/ content/ gwiz/ ) Chevrolet Volt (http:/ / www. chevrolet. com/ electriccar/ ) Detroit Electric - E46 (http:/ / www. detroit-electric. com/ ) Nissan L.E.A.F. (http:/ / www. nissanusa. com/ leaf-electric-car/ ) Renault Fluence Z.E. (http:/ / www. renault-ze. com/ z. e. -range/ fluence-z. e. -1933. html) Ecofinder.gr - (http:/ / www.

ecofinder. gr/ )

52

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Testberichte zu vielen Traktoren [1]

Deutsches Traktorenmuseum [2]

Treckerbilder [3]


[1] http:/ / www. schlepper-testberichte. de[2] http:/ / www. deutsches-traktorenmuseum. de/[3] http:/ / www. treckerwelt. de

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, 128 2.170 . . 61,66 . 12,19 . ' 15- 18.000 .


[1] http:/ / www. livepedia. gr/ index. php?title=& action=history

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USS Enterprise (CVN 65) Nimitz

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80

Invincible

HMS Invincible (RO5) HMS Illustrius (R06) HMS Ark Royal (R07) Queen Elizabeth' () HMS Queen Elizabeth ( - 2014) HMS Prince of Wales ( - 2016)

: Charles de Gaulle (R 91) - Giussepe Garibaldi (551) - Principe de Asturias (R-11) - Juan Carlos I (LHD1) - ( ) - INS Vikramaditya - ( ) HTMS Chakri Naruebet -

, [1]

United States Navy [2]

Royal Navy [3]

[1] http:/ / www. hazegray. org/ navhist/ carriers/[2] http:/ / www. navy. mil/ navydata/ ships/ carriers/ carriers. asp[3] http:/ / www. royal-navy. mod. uk/ server/ show/ nav. 1245

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ISTiOSELIDA - All About Sailing (all the latest sailing news from all over the world [1]

[1] http:/ / www. istioselida. com

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Haddon, A.C., and Hornell, J. (1936). Canoes of Oceania Volume I, The Canoes of Polynesia, Fiji, and

Micronesia. Honolulu, Hawaii: Bishop Museum Press. Popaos and Kalias [1]

[1] http:/ / www. worldtrip. de/ Tonga/ Paula/ Hilfsaktion_fur_Paula/ Help_for_Paula_-_Kalia/ help_for_paula_-_kalia. html

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(hull) : (fore), (admit) (aft).

, , (water line). . (freeboard) (bottom). (), (bow) (quarter).

" " (central line) , (starboard) (port) " ". - (keel) "" "" "" (stern). "" . (deck) (lower deck), (middle deck), (main deck), (upper deck) ( ). "" (superstructures). (forecastle). (bridge) (poop). (.: / , ).

, , (holds) (tanks) , ( , , ), (engine room), (stokehold), (pumps room) (crew quarters). "" (fore-peak tank) (after-peak tank). () (bottom) ""(double bottoms) . . "" , , . "" (steering gear), (cargo winches), (capstan), , , ..

92

: . .

. " " , , () . : , (, , ).1). , .2). (computers) , , , .3). 14-18 maximum 20 (liners) 25-30 ( 14-20) 60-70 .

, . " " Knock Nevis,

Emma Mrsk, RMS Queen Mary 2, Berge Stahl

USS Enterprise

, . , / 500.000 ., ... 150.000 ., " " bulk carriers 70-80.000 . ( 3-4 ) . (optimum size) . (. . ).

. , , , - - - ..

. () , , , (), , (), (diesel electric) (turbo-electric) ( ) .

93

. . , . . SOLAS 1960-66, , . (), . , , .

. ( ) .. ) (. . .), ) , ) (,, ), ) , ) ) .. (sea vessels), (river ships vessels) (lakers lake ships).. , (passenger ships) (cargo ships).) , , (transocean ships). E "" ( ) "" ( - ) 24. (passengerliners) (cruise ships). ( ) - (passenger/car ferries) , (ferry boats) (hovercrafts), (hydrofoils) Cats.) 1) 2) 3) ( - ) 4) .1) (tramps) () (liners). (general cargo) (in bulk). S.D.14 , freedom , MK II , Santa Fe .. bulk carriers, grain carriers, ore carriers .. (liners) containerships, Roll on/Roll off /, LASH, SEABEE

94

mini-carriers.2) (tankers) (oil tankers), (liquefied gas carriers) (vegetable oils), (wine tankers) 3) () - (oil/ore carriers) () oil/bulk/ore carriers O.B.O ( )4) (timber carriers), (cement carriers), (meatcarriers), (chemical carriers), (car carriers) .. . . )Full scandling vessels ( ), )Complete superstructure vessels ( ), )Shelterdeck ships ( ) closed shelterdeck open shelterdeck, )Longbridge ship ( - ) ) Three-islandships ( . ).. , ( , ), .. () ( ) , (- - ) .. , .. , . ( 15-40 .). , , , .

(Types) : - - .

A/K - - F/S / - - S/B / - - T/B / - - S/S / - - Cr/S / - C/S / - - H/C / - - C/F / - - T/O / - - D/S / - . F/C / - - H/F / - Tanker* / - FDD / - () - W/T E/ - - P/S / - - F/B / - - C/S** / - - C/S / - - /S / LASH / - - D/S / - - CGS / - - L/S

/ - O/C

: . (/) (.) S.S (=Steam Ship).

95

:1. 2. 3. 4.

, () . () - . . 10 30-40 1 3 . .

. 50 350 15.000 550.000 , . () (bulkcarriers), (container ships), ( , .), , (VLCC - Very Large Crude oil Carrier) (ULCC - Ultra LargeCrude oil Carrier). , 15.000 40.000 . , , ( McGreggor). 20 , , "" . (, ..), - "". . , . , , container ships ( .) "" . , , . ( 60.000 ) . .

96

. . 250 200.000 . - 250 200.000 (VLCC ULCC). 550.000. .

. .

. . : (Dredgers) (Salvage Vessels) (Ice Braker Ships) (Pilot Boats or Pilot Vessels) (Float Cranes) . (Floating Docks) (Hospital Ships) (Hotel Ships) (Cable Landing Ships) (Fire Fighting ships) (Tug Boats): (Ocean Tugs), (Harbour Tugs) (Dock Tugs). (Mail Boats) (Surveying Vessels), . (Light Home Tenders Lightvessels) (Barges) (Ocean Surveying Vessels), , .

97

= 9000 .. . . , 4000 .. . . 1200 .. , . . . , . ( 50 ) , . 700 .. . , . . , . 500 .. , , . , () , . . () 1000 . , , . , . 50 200 . , . , 7-8 .., " " " ". , , ., . , . , . . (. Mary Rose, Santa Maria, ), man of wars (.Pinta Nina, ), .

98

, 15 16 .

"

" "" .

.. " " "sister ship".

"" .. , , , , , .

99

, . " " . , .., . . , , , ,, , , .. , , , .., , .. , , . " " (vaisseau de ligne) . "" , .

, , , 1821, .. "" . 21 "", "" (),( ), " " (= ).

man ofwar man-o-war .

100

()

" ".

23 1917. " " 1958 . 8.2 1982, 29.

, ( , , )

. , , . , . 30:" , , ". . " ". , . . , . .

101

.

- . , , . , . , , , . , , .

.. , . , , , , , .. , . , , . - . - , , 40 . , , . , . , , . , , () . , , (), .

102

, 40 , 70 . . , , , () , - . . ( ) , ( ) ( ).

.. , , : , (), , , ( ), . , , , ().

. , , , , ( ). , , , , , , , , , .

. , . .. , . , , , , .

103

() () , , .. .

, . , , , .. . (, , ..) . . , , .

" " , . . " " " " . . " " "" , [.. ). () .

. ( ) , .. , , , 1 , 3. .. . (). , , , ., (, , ,, , ..).

104

. , , , , ( 2 , ().

.

, , . , , , , , , , . :1. .2. ,

. " " .

3. , , .

4. , .

5. .6.

, . .

.. , , . , , :1. H " " ,

, ..2. ( ),

. "" .

3. ,4. ,5. ,

105

6.

(/): . .: , , .: . : . (/): 20 . . : .: (), (), (). : ( ) . (/): .: .: () .: .: .: .: .: 1920: .: , (=). 1821 . . . ()( ): . ( ): ( Bombarda). ), , (. ). (), 2,3 ( ). . ( ): Bracciera. . ( ): . ( ): 60-70 ( ) . "" "". . ( ): Cabarra. .

106

( ): Galeotta. , , , . 16-32 . (). ( ): ( ): . . (/): (/) ().: . "". . , 1500 . 64 - 78 () 600 - 700. .: , .:: , . (/): , . 1912 - 1913.: , . ' 1900. , (). ( ): . . (/): . (/): , "" . (/): . . (/): . (/): . 20 30. ' ' . 5000 50.000 . . (/): , .: , . . (/): , .: Cutter . (/): Corvette. 400 . 25 . ' 800 - 1200 . .

107

( ): . . .. .: . Liburna. . 1821 . .: .: (Mistico) . , , . 1821 . . (. 21. .: . . .: . , . . .: 3-4 ( : ,, , ). 1821 . . . (/): , . (/): , ' : , .: , . (/): . . : . ( - ): . 1821 12-18 100 .: . 2 2. . "" .: , . (/): . (/): . ( ): (. Polacca, . Polacre) 18 . . , () . (. . 21) (/): . . (/): . (): . . . 70 .: . 21. (/): "" ""

108

(/): / ,, . . : , , , , . (/): . . . 50 . (/): . 19 . 20 . 150-300 . . . (/): .: .: .: (Paddle wheel steamer). . . (/): . (/): . (/): . (/): . , (SSBN). ( ) (/): , , " " "" . (/): , , . ( ): (. Fregate, . Frigate). . 800-1000 . 38 - 64 () . 30 300. , . ( ): . . (/): , .

109

.. (operations) , : . . - . ( - ). ( ). . - . (tasks) , : - . - . - . . . . . - . - .

110

HMCS Windsor

. , , , 17 18 . , .

'..

7 1776, , Turtle ( ) HMS Eagle . "Turtle" . . .

, 1801 6,5. 2. . ("") "" . "" 20 . . .

19 , . (1886) (1892) , . - . 1885

111

- - . ' . , , , 1912, . , ' .

2 .. : Kriegsmarine

2 , . , , . (U-boot) , , . ( ""), . () . , , ( ) . U-boote. , , ( ). , ( , ). , . , . , , , . , ( , ). 800 , ( , , 100 ). , .

, , , . - , - . To USS Nautilus (SSN-571)

112

. , , . , , , , .

bjn:Kapal slam

113

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