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l;h{gzLn df]tL/fddf]tL/ fd e§n] g]kfnL efiff–;flxTosf If]qdf h'g of]ubfg u/ ]sf 5g\, Tof] lgZro g} ct'ngLo 5 . g]kfnL ;flxTosf] l;+uf] dfWolds sfnsf] k"jf{4{nfO{ pgn] g} g]t[Tj k|bfg u/ ]sf 5g\ k|foM ;a} ljwfdf . pgLkl5

cfpg] cGo dfWoldssfnLg ;|i6fx? klg pgs} kblrGx k5\ofP/ cufl8 a9]sf b]lvG5g\ .

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clxn];Dd cfpFbf em08} c9fO ;o jif{ JotLt x'g nfu]sf] g]kfnL ;flxTosf] Oltxf;nfO{ d'VotM tLg sfnv08df / fv]/ rrf{–kl/ rrf{ / ljZn]if0f ug]{ ul/ Psf] 5 . tL tLg sfnx? x'g\ M k|fylds sfn, dfWolds sfn / cfw'lgs sfn . k|fylds sfnsf] cf/ Destf{

k[YjLgf/ fo0f zfxsf ;dsfnLg dflgPsf slj ;'jfgGb bf;nfO{ dflgPsf] 5 . o;sf] cy{ xf] pgs} l;h{gfTds k|of;af6 g]kfnL ;flxTosf] lnlvtofqf sljtf ljwfaf6 cf/ De ePsf] xf] . t/ ;du| k|fylds sfnsf s]Gb|Lo k|ltefsf ?kdf eg] slj efg'eQm cfrfo{ k|l;4 / x]sf 5g\ g} . To:t}, g]kfnL ;flxTodf dfWolds sfnsf] cf/ De jf k|jt{g ug]{ sfd df]tL/ fd e§af6 ePsf] xf] . ;fy} pgL g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ;du| dfWolds sfns} s]Gb|Lo k|ltefsf ?kdf :yflkt / ;Ddflgt klg 5g\ . ;+of]un] oxL ;ftf pgsf] hGdlbg klg k/ ]sf] 5 . / , ljutsf] k/ Dk/ fnfO{ ;fIfL / fv]/ eGg] xf] eg] o; ;ftfe/ g]kfnleq / ljb]zdf klg pg} ;flxTosf/ df]tL/ fd e§sf] hGdhoGtLnfO{ ljljw sfo{qmdsf ;fy dgfOg] 5 . ljz]iftM To; cj;/ df ljleGg 7fpFdf uhn k|ltof]lutfx? ;DkGg x'g]5g\ . df]tL/ fdsf] JolQmTj / s[ltTjsf ax'law cfofdx?dflysf] rrf{ klg :jfefljs} ?kn] sltko sfo{qmdsf s]Gb| efudf / xg]5g\ . pgs} hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/ kf/ ]/ cem o;k6s t sf7df08f}+df lxhf] z'qmaf/ b]lv klxnf]kN6 uhn;DaGwL cGt/ f{li6«o ;Dd]ng klg rln/ x]sf] 5 . oL ;a} ultljlw / l:yltsf aLrdf df]tL/ fdn] g]kfnL ;flxTo / efiffdf lbPsf] of]ubfgaf/ ] s]xL rrf{ ug'{ ;fGble{s b]lvG5 .

lj= ;+= !(@# ;fn efb| s[i0f cdfj:ofsf lbgdf a'af bof/ fd e§ / cfdf l/ k'dlb{gLsf 5f]/ fsf ?kdf hlGdPsf df]tL/ fd e§sf] b]xfj;fg #) jif{sf] cNkfo'd} eof] !(%# ;fndf . cyf{t\ hDdf tL; jif{sf] slnnf] pd]/ df pgn] o; wtL{nfO{ ;w}+sf nflu 5f8]/ uP . t/ tL; jif{sf] pd]/ leq klg pgn] g]kfnL ;flxTodf JolQmut / ;fd"lxs ?kdf w]/ } l;h{gfTds ultljlwx? u/ ]sf] b]lvG5 . nlntk'/ sf] Pp6f dWodju{ kl/ jf/ df hlGdPsf eP klg pgsf a'afcfdfn] df]tL/ fdsf] lzIffbLIffdf k|z:t Wofg lbPsf lyP . pgn] kfFr jif{sf] pd]/ df cIf/ f/ De, cf7 jif{sf] pd]/ df pkgog, To:t} ;fg}df sfzLdf ;+:s[t kf7zfnf / db/ ;fsf] cWoog, lszf]/ fj:yfdf xl/ ZrGb| xfO:s'n / o'jfj:yfdf b/ af/ xfO:s'n sf7df08f}}+ tyf l/ kg sn]h snsQfh:tf z}lIfs ;+:yfx?df k9\g] cj;/ k|fKt u/ ]sf] b]lvG5 . ;fy} pgn] agf/ ;df / xFbf ToxfFsf w]/ } dxTjk"0f{ JolQmTjx?;Fu ;ª\ut u/ ]sf lyP . v8L af]nL -lxGbL_sf pGgfos dflgg]

afa" xl/ ZrGb|b]lv afa' / fds[i0f adf{;Fusf] ;ª\ut / ;Dks{n] pgsf] ;flxlTos hLjgdf cfd"n kl/ jt{g cfPsf] 36gf t cfkm}df ljz]if pNn]vgLo 5Fb}5 .

;fg}b]lv g} pb"{, lxGbL / g]kfnL efiffdf snd rnfPsf df]tL/ fdn] agf/ ;df 5Fb} s]xL ;fyLx?nfO{ ;d]6]/ Pp6f l;h{gzLn d08nL agfO{ To;dfkm{t\ ljleGg ultljlwx? ;DkGg u/ ]sf lyP . !($$ ;fndf cfP/ sf7df08f}+df klg df]tLd08nLsf] :yfkgf eof] . To;dfkm{t\ df]tL/ fdx?n] g]kfnL efiff;flxTosf] pTyfgsf nflu ljleGg k|of;x? u/ ]sf 5g\ . g/ b]j kf08]sf cg';f/ df]tL d08nLdf agf/ ;df kb\dljnf; kGt,

sfzLgfy, / ª\ugfy, r]tl;+x / t]haxfb'/ / fgf lyP eg] sf7df08f}+sf] d08nLdf g/ b]j kf08], nIdLbQ kGt, uf]kLgfy nf]xgL / ef]h/ fh kf08]sf gfd 5g\ . To;f] t o;af/ ]df pgsf af/ ]df snd rnfPsf Oltxf;sf/ afa'/ fd cfrfo{, r"8fdl0f / ]UdL, 8f=s'df/ axfb'/ hf]zL, kf/ ;dl0f k|wfg, / df zdf{ cflbsf egfO eg] km/ s–km/ s klg b]lvG5g\ . h]xf];\ df]tL/ fd / pgsf] d08nLsf / rgfx? Znf]s ;ª\u|x, dgf]å]u k|jfx, lksb"t, piff rl/ q cflbdf / x]sf 5g\ . df]tLd08nLsf ;|i6fx?sf] / rgfsf ljifo / k|:t'ltdf ljljwtf 5 . pgLx?n] >+[ufl/ s / rgf, elQm / rgf, g}lts–cf}kb]lzs / rgf, / fi6«elQmsf / rgf, ;dfh ;'wf/ sf / rgf, zf;s :t'lt, ldq k|zl:t, cu|h ;Ddfg, zf]s cleJolQmh:tf ljifo tyf jfl0f{s 5Gb, uhn, uLt, ;d:ofk"lt{, s"6 sljtfh:tf sflJos z}nLx?nfO{ e/ k"/ k|of]u u/ ]sf b]lvG5g\ .

df]tL/ fd e§n] ;j{k|yd lj:d[ltsf] c1ft ue{df x/ fO;s]sf g]kfnL efiff;flxTosf ;fws efg'eQm cfrfo{nfO{ k|sfzdf NofP . pgn] g} efg'eQmsf af/ ]df zf]wvf]h u/ L lj=;+= !($* ;fndf …slj efg'eQm cfrfo{sf] hLjgrl/ qÚ gfds k':ts k|sflzt u/ ] ;fy} 5/ ki6 cj:yfdf / x]sf kf08'lnlkx?nfO{ ;ª\sng u/ ]/ / fdfo0fnfO{ klg l;+uf] s[ltsf ?kdf k|sflzt ul/ lbP . xf], cjZo df]tL/ fdsf vf]h / pgn] n]v]sf efg'eQmsf] hLjgLsf s]xL ;Ldfx? 5g\ g} t/ Tof] ;dodf To;k|sf/ sf] cfF6 / d]xgt ug'{nfO{ eg] 7"n} s'/ f dfGg'k5{ . o;/ L pgn] l;h{gf dfq} u/ ]gg\, efg'eQmh:tf g]kfnL efiffsf ;|i6fsf] cg';Gwfg / rrf{ kl/ rrf{ klg u/ ]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnL ;dfnf]rgfsf] cf/ De !($* ;fnaf6 ePsf] dflgG5 / df]tL/ fdnfO{ g} klxnf] g]kfnL ;dfnf]rssf ?kdf pNn]v ul/ G5 . pgn] efg'eQmsf] hLjgL n]Vg] qmddf pgsf] sljTj zlQmsf af/ ]df h'g rrf{ u/ ]sf 5g\, To;nfO{ g} ;du| g]kfnL ;dfnf]rgf k/ Dk/ fsf cf/ lDes ljGb'sf ?kdf lng] ul/ Psf] 5 . To:t} pgn] ;j{k|yd sljx?sf] d08nL agfP cyjf ;j{k|yd ;flxTosf] ljsf;sf nflu ;fd"lxs k|of;sf] cf/ De u/ ] . o;/ L g]kfnL ;flxTodf ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] cf/ De klg df]tL/ fdaf6} ePsf] b]lvG5 . pgsf] d08nLnfO{ df]tL d08nL eGg] rng 5 . x'g t !(#* ;fndf df]tL/ fd tTsfnLg ;dosf rlr{t lxGbL slj ef/ t]Gb| xl/ ZrGb|;Fu ;Dks{df cfO;s]sf / pgs} k|]/ 0ffn] ;flxTodf nfu]sf] rrf{ ePsf] 5 . t/ klg pgn] df]tL d08nL !($$ ;fndf cfP/ dfq} agfPsf] b]lvG5 . df]tL d08nLsf] :yfkgfcl3 pgn] uhn n]v]sf] s'g} k|df0f klg km]nf k/ ]sf] b]lvb}g . x'g t clxn];Dd !($) b]lv g]kfnL ;flxTosf] dfWolds sfn cf/ De ePsf] dflgPsfn] !($) nfO{ g} g]kfnL uhnsf] cf/ De ;do dflgb} cfOPsf] 5 . t/ tYox?n] eg] !($$ cl3 k'¥ofpg g;s]sfn] g]kfnL uhnsf] ;"qkft klg !($$ kl5 g} ePsf] atfpF5g\ . dfWolds sfnsf uhnx?sf] ;+o'Qm ;+u|xsf ?kdf

b]lvPsf] …;+uLt rGb|f]boÚ uhnx?sf] / rgfsfn !($% b]lv !(%% ePsf] s'/ f xl/ eQm gjkfgLon] cfkm\gf] lkPr8L zf]wkqdf pNn]v u/ ]sf 5g\ . h]xf];\, df]tL/ fdaf/ ] g]kfnL efiffdf uhn n]vgsf] cf/ De ePsf]df eg] s;}sf] ljdlt 5}g . oBlk g]kfnL ;flxTosf] Oltxf; -dfWolds sfn_sf n]vs z/ brGb| zdf{ e§/ fO{n] eg] df]tL/ fdk"j{ klg g]kfnL uhn n]lvPsf] x'g;Sg] ts{ u/ ]sf 5g\ .

oxfF;Dd cfOk'Ubf g]kfnL ;+uLtsf] Oltxf;n] Ps ;o jif{ k"/ f u/ ]sf] 5 . / ]l8of] g]kfnsf] :yfkgf @))& ;fndf dfq} ePsf] xf] . To;cl3 dfq} xf]Og / ]l8of]sf] :yfkgfkl5 klg g]kfnL uLt–;+uLtsf] / ]s8{ ug{ g]kfnL snfsf/ x?nfO{ ef/ tsf] snsQf k'Ug'kYof]{ . df]tL/ fd e§ lnlvt uhn …otf x]¥of] ot} ghdf{ / fd Kof/ f 5g\Ú eGg] / rgf g} g]kfnL efiffdf / ]s8{ ePsf] klxnf] / rgf dflgG5 . of] / rgfdf ;+uLt / :j/ b'a} To; ;dosf nf]slk|o snfsf/ ;]t'/ fdsf] / x]sf] 5 . o;sf] / ]s8{ !(^% df ePsf] dflgG5 . o;af6 g]kfnLdf ;+uLtsf] cf/ Dedf klg uhnsf] e"ldsf x'g' Pp6f ld7f] ;+of]u dfGg'k5{ . o; ;Gbe{df klg df]tL/ fdn] Pp6f sLlt{dfg g} :yflkt u/ ]sf 5g\ .

df]tL/ fdn] ;fd"lxs?kn] ;flxlTos ultljlw cufl8 a9fP . To;cl3sf] ;flxTo k|sfzgdf cfpg ;s]sf] lyPg . pgn] g} jgf/ ;af6 k|]; lnP/ g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ d'b|0f o'udf k|j]z u/ fP . ;fy;fy} cfkm\gf] ;flxlTos d08nLsf dfWodaf6 ;d:ofk"lt{ sljtf k/ Dk/ f klg a;fn] . pgn] jgf/ ;df cWoog ubf{ lxGbL sljtf If]qdf ;d:ofk"lt{ sljtf k/ Dk/ f lgs} nf]slk|o lyof] . oBlk Tof] k/ Dk/ f klg pgLx?n] ;+:s[t sfJok/ Dk/ faf6 l;s]sf lyP . kl5 g]kfn kmls{Pkl5 pgn] To;nfO{ g]kfnLdf klg leq\ofP . pgn] sljtfdf dfq} xf]Og uhndf klg o;nfO{ :yfg lbPsf] e]l6G5 .

df]tL/ fd e§n] g]kfnLdf klg sfJo / gf6sx? k|z:t n]v]sf 5g\ . cg'jfb gf6sx?df klg df}lnstfsf k|z:t 56fx? / x]sf 5g\ . pb"{df klg pgn] gf6s n]v]sf] kfOG5 . zs'Gtnf / lk|oblz{sf gf6s clg lksb"t sfJo pgsf rlr{t / rgf dflgG5g\ . pgsf gf6sx? To; ;dodf d~rg klg ePsf lyP . pgsf] ;dodf / f0ffzf;g lyof] . / f0ffx?n] pb"{–kmf/ ;L gf6sx? x]y]{ . pt}af6 ;+uLt1, gt{sL Pj+ cf]:tfbx? lnP/ lyP6/ x? k|bz{g uy]{ . To;afx]s Tolta]nf g]kfndf ;+:s[t gf6ssf] klg k|rng lyof] . ltgnfO{ cg'jfb ul/ GYof] g]kfnLdf t/ df]tL/ fdn] g} ;j{k|yd g]kfnLdf gf6s n]v]/ d~rg u/ L tTsfnLg bz{sx?nfO{ g]kfnL efiffk|lt cfslif{t ug]{ sfd u/ ] . df]tL d08nLsf] ;lqmotfkl5 g]kfnL efiff ;flxTon] lj:t[t d}bfg k|fKt u/ ]sf] xf] . To;cl3 t ;a} / rgf kf08'lnlkd} ylGsPsf lyP . ;fy} ;flxTo ;fwgf eg]sf] g} Psn PsfGt ;fwgf lyof], c? ultljlw klg z"Gok|foM lyof] . df]tL/ fdsf] k/ Dk/ f pgsf] b]xfj;fgkl5 klg lg/ Gt/ rNof]– zDe'k|;fb 9'+u]nb]lv eLdlglw ltjf/ L k|j[lQ n]vsx?n] kl5–kl5;Dd To;nfO{ cfkm\g} k|sf/ n] lg/ Gt/ tf k|bfg u/ ] .

df]tL/ fdn] cg'jfbsf] k/ Dk/ fnfO{ klg cufl8 a9fPsf] kfOG5 . pgn] cg'jfbsf] gfddf efiffg'jfb dfq} u/ ]sf 5}gg\, ltgdf cfkm\gf df}lns / l;h{gfTds 5fk klg 5f8]sf 5g\ . pgn] ;+:s[taf6 g]kfnLdf cg'jfb u/ ]sf gf6s / ltgsf] d"n ;+:s[t s[lt cWoog ubf{ of] :ki6 x'G5 .

pgsf hLjgL n]vs g/ b]j kf08]sf cg';f/ !($(, %), %! / %@ df k9fOsf] l;nl;nfdf df]tL/ fd e§sf] snsQf hfg] cfpg] qmd rln/ x\of] . o;} l;nl;nfdf !(%@ ;fnsf] cGTolt/ snsQfdf la/ fdL eO{ sf7df08f}+ kms]{sf] ;ft dlxgf;Dd cf]5\ofg k/ ]/ pgsf] lgwg ePsf] xf] . tL; jif{s} pd]/ eGg' s]xL klg xf]Og . cfhef]ln t ljZjljBfnosf] k9fO ;lsbf g;lsb} w]/ } o'jfx?sf] of] pd]/ ;lsP/ hfG5 . t/ Tolt pd]/ afFr]/ klg df]tL/ fd e§n] g]kfnL efiff–;flxTosf If]qdf h'g of]ubfg u/ ]sf 5g\, Tof] lgZro g} ct'ngLo 5 . g]kfnL ;flxTosf] l;+uf] dfWolds sfnsf] k"jf{4{nfO{ pgn] g} g]t[Tj k|bfg u/ ]sf 5g\ k|foM ;a} ljwfdf . pgLkl5 cfpg] cGo dfWoldssfnLg ;|i6fx? klg pgs} kblrGx k5\ofP/ cufl8 a9]sf b]lvG5g\ . afFr'~h]n dfq} xf]Og d/ ]kl5 klg dfWoldssfnnfO{ pgn] g} 8f]¥ofPsf 5g\ . pgL ;w}+el/ cgGt pT;fx, ;ª\sNk / ;kgf af]s]sf o'jfx?sf nflu hLpFbf k|jQmf ag]/ g]kfnL dgx?df afFlr/ x]sf 5g\ . o;}n] klg df]tL/ fd d/ ]/ klg g]kfnL efiff–;flxTodf cd/ 5g\ / kl5–kl5;Dd cd/ g} / xg]5g\ .

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laxfg lsr]gdf sfd ub{} lyPF . …nf}g s] eof], d t ;lsgF ÛÚ cfZro{k"j{s >LdtLn] PsfPs o;f] eg]kl5 d xtfl/ b} a]8?ddf k'u]+ . pgL klg efG;flt/ } xtfl/ b} cfpFb} / lxl5g\ . …x]g{';\ g >Ls[i0f t d/ ]sf] va/ lbb}5 .Ú geGb} l6eLdf …>Ls[i0fsf] ef/ tdf

lgwg===Ú ePsf] km\Nof; Go"h cfO/ x]sf] lyof] . k6s–k6s x]/ ]+ . ljZjf; gnfu]/ b'a}n] x]l/ / x\of}+ . xfdL b'a} ls+st{Joljd"9 eof}+ .

x/ ] lax] ePsf] dlxgf lbg efÚ5}g nf}g Zj]tfsf] cj:yf s] xf]nf < s:tf] b'Mv k¥of] pgnfO{ < s;n] kf] ;DxfNb} xf]nf pgnfO{ ef/ tdf < xfdLn] o;af/ ] dg cldnf] agfpFb} s'/ f ul/ / x\of}+ . s]xL lbgcl3 >Ls[i0f / Zj]tfsf] 6]lnlehg cGtjf{tf{ x]/ ]sf] ;lDemof}+ . lsr]gdf vfgf ksfPsf] clg vfPsf] kQ} ePg .

sfddf t hfg}k¥of] . d sf7df8f}+sf] ;8sdf w"nf] / w'Fjfdf df]6/ ;fOsn u'8fpFb} cl3 a9]+ . t/ dgel/ pxL s'/ f v]ln/ x\of] . To; lbge/ d]/ f] dg a]r}gLn] lk/ f]lnO/ x\of] . pgL;Fu s] 5 ;fOgf] cflv/ < Zj]tf;Fu s] 5 gftf < ;fob cfkm"nfO{ dg kg{] snfsf/ eP/ } t dg cldnf] eO/ x]5 . Zj]tf cfkm}df klg gflosf clg ev{/ } laafx aGwgdf afFlwPsL Ps gf/ L . ;Fu} lhpg] ;Fu} dg{], lkmNd agfpg], clego ug{], ;Gtfg agfpg] cflb cflb ;f/ f ;kgfx? PsfPs tx;gx; ePsf] b[Zo ;'gfdL cfPeGbf s] sd x'g ;S5 / s;}sf] hLjgdf < sNkgf ubf{ klg hLp l;l/ ª\u x'G5 . slxn]sfxL+ d cfkm"nfO{ klg w]/ } sdhf]/ kfpF5' . a9\tf efj's kfpF5'– gf/ L dgh:t} . xfd|f] ;dfhn] pkdf lbPh:t} .

To; lbge/ hf] e]l6P klg d klxnf >Ls[i0fs} s'/ f u5{', Zj]tfs} s'/ f u5{' . dnLg cg'xf/ agfP/ lx8]sf] 5' . o; qmddf dh:t} b'MvL dg y'k|} e]6]sf] 5' . t/ s}of}+ kfq o:tf klg e]l6P h;n] d]/ f] dgdf dNxd xf]Og hng k}bf u/ ] . d}n] lgGofp/ f] d'vdf Zj]tfnfO{ s:tf] ah|kft k¥of] < pgL s;/ L ;Dxflng ;lSbx'g\ eGbf …s] lg ;/ pm t lx/ f]Og xf], h;n] klg lax] ul/ xfN5 lg .Ú x]g{';\ t slt 3[l0ft dfG5] 5g\ xfd|f] ;dfhdf < s;}sf] 3/ ;+;f/ phfl8Psf] a]nf, ev{/ } s;}n] cfkm\gf] klt u'dfPsf] a]nf, ;xfg'e"lt t sxfF xf] sxfF slt tNnf] :t/ sf] s'/ f ug{ ;s]sf dfG5]x? . cfkm"h:t} c?nfO{ 7fGg]x? klg t oxL / x]5g\ lg Û

dnfO{ nfU5, dfgjtf lagfsf] dflg; cfj/ 0fdf dfq dflg; x'g ;S5 . vf]n cf]9]/ uwf dfgj aGg} ;Sb}g . t'R5 lrGtg af]s]/ lx8\g]n] ;dfh / / fi6«nfO{ t s] p;n] cfkm\g} ;d]t k|ult ug{ ;Sb}g . d wGo 5' ls d]/ f u'?x? hf] h;n] dnfO{ c;n dfG5] ag]/ s]xL ug{ k|]l/ t u/ ], bofjfg\ x'g, IfdfzLn x'g l;sfpg'eof] . To;}u/ L wGo 5' ls d]/ f afcfdf, bfOx?k|lt h;n] c?sf] v'zLsf nflu ;Sbf] ug{, g;s] s;}sf] s]xL glaufg{ l;sfpg'eof] . d pxfFx?k|lt s[t–s[t 5' .

d[To' ;a}sf] x'G5 eGg] hfGbfhfGb} klg ljrf/ } gu/ L af]lnxfNg] dflg;b]lv lbSs nfU5 dnfO{ . d/ 0f ;a}sf] x'G5 eGg] r]t slxn] cfpnf To:tf dflg;x?df < d aSs k5{' . c?sf] b'Mvdf cfkm"nfO{ / fv]/ x]g{ ;Sg'k5{ . cfkm"dfly klg s'g} lbg o:t} b'Mvsf] kxf8 v:g;S5 x} eGg] x]Ssf / fv]/ Jojxf/ ug{'k5{ . gq cK7\of/ f]df PSn} ?g'kg{] lbg gcfpnf eGg sxfF ;lsG5 / <

cleg]tf >Ls[i0fsf] lgwgsf] b'Mvb ;dfrf/ cfuf];l/ km}lnPsf] 5 sf7df8f}+ ;x/ el/ . To;}u/ L qmdzM ufpFel/ / ;+;f/ el/ . km];a'ssf leQf pgs} ;dj]bgfn] el/ Psf 5g\ . ef]lndfq pgsf] zj sf7df8f}+ cfOk'Ug] va/ yfldg;Sg' 5 . sf]7f–sf]7fdf, rf]s–rf]sdf pgs} s'/ f 5 . nfu]sf] 5 ls of] ;a c;To ;flat xf];\ . ;a} e|d ;flat xf];\ / eml/ kl5sf] cfsfzem}+ of] xNnfsf] afbn x6f];\ / dflg;x?;Fu} d klg v'zL dgfpg h'n';df ;fd]n xf]cf}+ .

ef]lnkN6 lqe'jg ljdfg:yndf lbpF;f] ;jf b'O{df pgsf] kfly{j zl/ / cfOk'Ug] / To;kl5 k|1f k|lti7fgdf / flvg] va/ n] hLp sfFk]sf] 5 .

lk|o gfos;Fu clGtd e]6sf nflu d tLg gaHb} k|1f k|lti7fg k'u]sf] 5' . leq aflx/ le8 5 . xhf/ f}+ lk|ohgx? xftdf k'iku'R5f af]s]/ rsf{] 3fddf nfOg nfu]sf 5g\ . s'bf{–s'bf{ tLg 306f eof] zj cfOk'u]g . kl5 aNn–aNn 5 ah]lt/ h'n';;lxt zj af]s]sf] uf8L leq l5¥of] . ;a} rgfvf] b]lvP . >Ls[i0f >Ls[i0f eGb} s/ fpg yfn] . >Ls[i0f– cd/ / x'g\ . ===gf/ f 3lGsof] .

sltko 8fFsf] 5f]8L ?g yfn] . cTolws le8sf sf/ 0f dflg;x?n] >4fsf km"n r9fpg;d]t kfPg\ . ;fFem kb{} lyof] . ;a}n] uf8Ld} km"n r9fP .

la:tf/ } >Ls[i0fsf] zj af]s]sf] uf8L sdnfbL x'Fb} kz'klttkm{ nfUof] . cufl8 k5fl8 xhf/ f}+sf] le8 klg ;Fu;Fu} a9\of] . d klg cfkm\gf] Kof/ f] gfossf] dnfdLdf ldl;Psf] 5' . af6}el/ , 3/ sf 5tel/ dflg;x? lgGofp/ f] d'vdf plePsf 5g\ . xft–xftdf / x]sf] df]afOnaf6 kmf]6f] lvRg vf]Hb}5g\ . afns b]lv a"9fa"9L;Dd, dlxnf b]lv k'?if;Dd ;asf ;a aflx/ lgl:sPsf 5g\ .

zj af]s]sf] uf8Ldf >Ls[i0fsf] 7"nf] kmf]6f] 6fFluPsf] 5 . cufl8kl§sf] kmf]6f]df pgn] cfkm\gf bz{snfO{ ;nfdL u/ ]em}+ xft p7fPsf 5g\ . Tof] kmf]6f] x]bf{ cfF;' v:g vf]H5 . d'6' eSsflgP/ cfpF5 . af6f] 5]paf6 x]l/ / x]sf dflg;x? a8f] b'MvL x'Fb} cfFvf k':5g\ . s7} eG5g\ . d pgLx?sf cg'xf/ clg ltgsf xfpefp x]5{' . gflosf Zj]tfnfO{ ;DemG5' . x/ ] s:tf] b'vb 5 of] hLjg Û s:tf] clglZrt hLjg Û s:tf] kL8fbfoL hLjg Û cfF;' cfF;'df 5 hLjg Û qmGbg / lrTsf/ df 5 hLjg Û a;\, dg{'sf] ljsNk 5}g .

of] hLjg s] sf nflu xF < laNs'n c?sf ;]jfsf nflu . c?sf] v'zLsf nflu x'g'kg{] xf]Og / < dg cldnf] agfP/ d cfkm\gf uf]8f rfln/ x]5' . egf+} dnfdL eL8df x]lnb} kz'klt cfo{3f6tkm{ ;l/ s eO/ x]sf] 5' . o'jfx? Psgf;n] gf/ f 3GsfpFb} 5g\ gfos >Ls[i0f– cd/ / x'g\ . xfd|f] lx/ f] xfd|f] b]z– k|f0feGbf Kof/ f] 5 . g]kfnL snfsf/ k|ltsf] of] ;Ddfg x]l/ g;Sg'sf] 5 .

dg yfd]/ k6s–k6s gfos >Lsf] zj af]s]sf] uf8L 5]p k'U5', pgsf] vfOnfUbf] zl/ / x]5{', cfkm\gf bz{sk|lt ;w}+ cToGt cfb/ ug{], ;Ddfgk"j{s af]Ng] lk|o gfossf] cg'xf/ x]5{' . p:t} efjdf pgn] xft

p7fP/ ;nfdL u/ ]sf] kmf]6f]n] d]/ f] dgnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpF5 / abnfdf cfFvfx? / ;fpF5g\ . cf]xf]Û d/ 0f t o:tf] kf] xf];\ . dnfdL t o:tf] kf] xf];\ . hLjg t o:tf] ;a}sf] Kof/ f] kf] xf];\ .

;fFem kb{}5 . dflg;x? cfkm\gf] gfossf] clGtd bz{gsf nflu clt Jou| b]lvPsf 5g\ . uf}zfnfaf6 kz'klt If]q k'Ug] a]nf le8 olt nfu]sf] 5 ls k|x/ LnfO{ zj af]s]sf] uf8L cufl8 a9fpg d'l:sn k/ ]sf] 5 . k]ndk]n, 7]nd7]n

5 . l:ylt x]bf{ h'g;'s} a]nf klg nf7Lrfh{ x'g;Sg] b]lvG5 . d dgdg} sNkgf ul/ / x]sf] 5' . nf} g s;}ul/ l:ylt e8\lsof] eg] t efubf}8 dlRrg] 5 . / eofax l:ylt cfpg]5 . d ;Defljt eon] aflx/ lgl:sg vf]H5' . t/ cxF Û laNs'n ;Dej 5}g . sxL st}af6 lg:sg] / lQe/ 7fpF klg 5}g . Psdgn] t nfUof], nf} ca oxL+ l;l4Og] eOof] . h] xf]nf xf]nf . d cflQPsf] 5' . j/ k/ sfnfO{ bx|f] ul/ pleg elg/ x]sf] 5' . xNnf gul/ a:g elg/ x]sf] 5' . gcflQg elg/ x]sf] 5' . lsgls xf]xNnfd} oxfF t h] klg x'g ;S5 . dfG5]x? bf}l8g yfNg]5g\, 7]Ng yfNg]5g\ clg efufefusf] l:ylt cfpg]5 / To;n] klg ahf/ df ;dfrf/ sf] :yfg kfpg]5 .

o:t}–o:t} l:yltdf t xf]nf lg efubf}8, d[To'sf 36gf x'g] . d o:t} ;f]lr/ x]sf] 5' .

/ ftsf] sl/ a gf} alh;Sof], pgsf] kfly{j z/ L / df lalwcg';f/ bfuaQL lbg ;do nflu/ x]sf] 5 . a8f] si6k"j{s dflg;x? cfkm\gf] Kof/ f] gfossf] bfx;+:sf/ x]l/ / x]5g\ . gx]/ L lrQ a'em]s} 5}g . st} pgL d/ ]sf t 5}gg\ < st} 6'Kn'Ss cfO kf] xfN5g\ ls o:tf] klg dgdf nfUbf]/ x]5 . kl/ jf/ hgn] >Ls[i0fsf] clGtd bz{g u/ ]kl5 bfuaQL lbg] sfd z'? eof] . ;Fu;Fu} g]kfn k|x/ Lsf] Ps 6f]nLn] / fli6«o ;Ddfgsf] w'g ahfof] . 5ftL uj{n] km'Nof] . ;f/ f dflg;x?n] km]l/ b]v]– s:tf] x'G5 ;Ddfgk"j{s dg{' eg]sf] . cGttM >Ls[i0fsf] lrtfaf6 klg w'Fjfsf] d':nf] lgl:sof] . cyf{t\ pgL klg w'Fjf, w'nf], v/ fgLdf kl/ 0ft x'Fb} lyP . h'g hLjgsf] zfZjt kIf xf] .

d}n] otfplt gh/ 3'dfPF . 5]pdf klg kfFr ;ft j6f nf; hNb} lyP . t/ ltgdf ltgLx?sf cfkmGt afx]s s;}sf] Wofg lyPg . cfkmGtafx]s s;}sf] lrGtf lyPg . ha ls >Ls[i0fsf] lrtfdf xhf/ f}+sf cfFvf Ps6sn] u8]sf lyP . ;a}sf cfFvfdf ;dfg kL8f lyP . c?sf] d[To laNs'n lkmsf–lkmsf nflu/ x]sf] lyof] eg] gfossf] d[To' eLdsfo kxf8h:t} ux|'ª\uf] . cflv/ d[To' klg cfsfz hdLgsf] km/ s x'Fbf]/ x]5 . of] s'/ f d km]l/ cfkm\g} cfFvfn] x]l/ / x]5' .

d]/ f] dgdf bx|f] u/ L nfu]sf] s'/ } oxL 5 ls dflg; ePkl5 t d[To' klg o;/ L kf] xf];\ . d[To'df klg b'Mv dgfp ug{] w]/ }eGbf w]/ } dflg;x? xf]pmg\ . cyf{t\ dnfdL sdfpg'eGbf 7"nf] s'/ f c? s]xL / x]g5 . gfos >Lsf] clGtd labfO ub{} d b; aHg} nfUbf cfo{3f6af6 kmls{PF . ;fy{s hLjg lhpg] afrf d]/ f] dgdf yk bl/ nf] eP/ cfof] .w

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;do–;dodf o'u k'?ifx? hlGdG5g\ . o:t} o'u k'?ifdWo]sf df]tL/ fd e§ Ps x'g\ . bof/ fd e§ / l/ k'dlb{gL e§sf k'q / Tg df]tL/ fdsf] hGd lj=;+= !(@# efb| cf};Lsf lbg sf7df08f}+ ef];Lsf] 6f]ndf ePsf] xf] .

cf}+;Lsf lbg hGd]sf] Tof] a]nfsf] ;dfhn] / fd|f] gdfGg] rng lyof] . o:tf] cf}:ofxf afns klg kl5 uP/ olt 7"nf] dflg; aGnfg\ eg]/ s;}n] c8\sn;Dd u/ ]sf lyPgg\ .

5 jif{sf] pd]/ df df]tL/ fd k9\gsf nflu agf/ ; uP . Tof] a]nf g]kfndf k9\g] Joj:yf Tolt / fd|f] lyPg . To;}n] k9\g rfxg] dflg;x? k|foM ef/ t hfg] ub{y] . @))& ;fnsf] kl/ jt{gkl5 dfq b]zdf k9\g] k9fpg] s'/ fsf] ljsf; ePsf] xf] . / f0ffzf;gdf ;'Aaf s[i0fnfn clwsf/ LnfO{ ds}sf] v]tL k':ts n]v]jfkt h]nsf] ;hfo lbOof] . lj=;+= !(&& ;fpg !& df s[i0fnfn lu/ Ktf/ Ldf k/ ] . pgL h]nd} ;lxb eP . clwsf/ LnfO{ gf} jif{sf] ;hfo tf]lsPsf] lyof] . of] rGb|zdz]/s f] zf;gsfn lyof] . eLdzdz]/ sf] zf;gsfndf k':tsfno vf]Ng] k|of; u/ ]jfkt dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fnufot $^ hgfnfO{ hgxL Ps ;o ?k}ofF hl/ jfgf ul/ of] . oL ofjt sf/ 0fn] k'/ fgf ;dosf ljåfgx? ef/ tdf uP/ k9]sf] b]lvG5 .

df]tL/ fd klg lj=;+= !(@* df agf/ ; k9\g k'u]sf b]lvG5g\ . ToxfF pgn] kmf/ ;L :s'ndf egf{ eP/ k9\g yfn] . k|ltefsf wgL df]tL/ fdn] 5f]6f] ;dod} ;+:s[t, c+u|]hL, g]kfnL, pb"{, kmf/ ;L / lxGbL cflb efiffsf] ulx/ f] cWoog ug{ ;kmn eP . df]tL/ fd !% jif{sf] x'Fbf lj=;+= !(#^ df logsf] ljjfx ePsf] b]lvG5 . lj=;+= !(#& df df]tL/ fd k9fOsf nflu k'gM agf/ ; uP .

o;} ;dodf lxGbL ;flxTosf ljåfg d08nLx?;Fu df]tLsf] / fd|f] ;Dks{ x'g k'Uof] . of] ;Dks{n] ubf{ df]tL/ fddf klg cfkm\gf] g]kfnL efiffk|lt ulx/ f] df]x hfUof] . o;}sf/ 0f df]tL/ fdn] ef/ t hLjgaf6 uf]vf{ ef/ t hLjg klqsf k|sflzt u/ ] . o;/ L df]tL/ fd g]kfnsf klxnf kqsf/ / klxnf ;Dkfbs x'g k'u] .

pgn] / fds[i0f adf{;Fusf] ;xof]udf ef/ t hLjg gfdsf] 5fkfvfgf vf]n] . ;f] 5fkfvfgfsf] Joj:yfks klg df]tL/ fd g} eP . lj=;+= !($!–!($$ ;Dddf df]tL/ fdn] efg'eQmåf/ f cg'lbt cfWofTd / fdfo0f 5kfP/ k|rf/ df NofP . df]tL/ fdn] ;flxTo;DaGwL 5nkmn, ljrf/ ljdz{sf nflu Pp6f ;d"x lgdf{0f u/ ] . h;nfO{ df]tL d08nL eGg] ul/ GYof] . df]tL/ fdsf] cfu|xdf of] ;d"xn] sljtfd} lr¶Lkq n]Vg] rng rnfP .

gfrufg / uhndf df]tL/ fdnfO{ 7"nf] zf]v lyof] . df]tL/ fd dfWoldssfnsf >[+uf/ ;flxTosf / l;s slj lyP . uhn ;flxTonfO{ g]kfn leq\ofpg] logL klxnf slj x'g\ . df]tL/ fdn] lj=;+= !($% lt/ sf7df08f}+df kfz'kt gfds 5fkfvfgf / 7lx6Ldf df]tLs[i0f gfdsf] k':tsfno vf]n] . of] g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf k'/ fgf] k':tsfno xf] .

/ f0ffx? lzIff;DaGwL s'/ fdf slt cg'bf/ lyP eGg] s'/ f dfly rrf{ ul/ Psf] 5 . t/ Tof] eGbf klg klxn] k|]; k':tsfno vf]Nbf df]tL/ fdnfO{ s]xL ePg . o;sf] d"nsf/ 0f xf], / f0ff eP klg b]jzdz]/ pbf/ lyP / df]tL/ fd;Fu pgsf] / fd|f] ;DaGw lyof] . lj=;+= !($$ b]lv b]jzdz]/ k|wfg;]gfklt eO;s]sf lyP . lj=;+= !(#* b]lv !($( ;Ddsf] cjlwdf df]tL/ fdn] w]/ } u|Gyx?sf] / rgf u/ ]sf 5g\ .

cfhef]lnh:tf] ;flxTo n]Vg] jftfj/ 0f gePsf] ;dodf jftfj/ 0f tof/ kfg'{ rfgr'g] s'/ f lyPg . n]v]sf k':tsx? 5kfpg' emg\ csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/ f lyof] . cfhef]ln t ;flxTosf lstfax? lsg]/ k9\g] afgL dflg;sf] sd} b]lvG5 . Tof] ;dodf 5flkPsf lstfax? slt

laqmL eP xf]nfg\ ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfnL efiffdf 5flkPsf] ;'Gb/ L klqsf lj=;+= !(^# c;f/ ! ut]af6 z'? eP klg u|fxssf] cefjdf aGb eof] . ;'lQml;Gw' !(^! df lg:s] klg u|fxssf] cefjdf kl5 aGb eof] . o:t}, ef/ taf6 lg:sg] w]/ } g]kfnL klqsfx? u|fxssf] cefjdf aGb ePsf] Oltxf; 5 . of] eGbf cufl8 emg\ klqsf jf k':ts laqmL x'g] kl/ kf6L s:tf] x'Fbf] xf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . o:tf] sl7g ;do, cK7\of/ f] kl/ l:yltdf klg df]tL/ fdn] ;flxTosf] :t/ j[l4, ljleGg ljwfdf ;flxTosf] ljsf; ug{ h'g kl/ kf6L l;h{gf u/ ], Tof] ;fx|} dxTjk"0f{ / k|z+;gLo sfd ePsf] 5 .

df]tL/ fd / l;s k|j[lQ ePsf sf/ 0f >[+uf/ / ; / uhn ljwfdf cem a9L snd rnfPsf] kfOG5 . df]tL/ fdn] w]/ } lstfax? n]v]sf 5g\ . tL x'g\, dgf]å]u k|jfx, k~rs k|kGr / tLhsf] syf, lksb"t, uh]Gb| df]If, ;+uLt rGb|f]bo, sdn e|d/ ;+jfb, slj ;d"x j0f{gd\, ;s'Gtnf, lk|obzL{sf, efg'eStsf] hLjg rl/ q, :jKgfWofo / pvfgsf] avfg . o:tf dxTjk"0f{ k':tsx? xfdLnfO{ lbP/ df]tL/ fdn] w]/ } u'0f nufPsf 5g\ . o:tf df]tLh:tf rlDsnf df]tL/ fdnfO{ xfdLn] slxNo} klg la;{g ;Sb}gf}+ .

g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTosf ljljw ljwfdf of]ubfg u/ ]sf] x'gfn] df]tL/ fd e§ :d/ 0fLo 5g\, aGbgLo 5g\, k"hgLo 5g\ . o:tf dxfg\ JolStsf] hlt rrf{ u/ ] klg yf]/ } x'G5 .

hLjg gf;jfg\ 5 . Pslbg ;a}n] dg}{k5{ . t/ , dxfg sfd ug]{x? ;w}+ hLljt / xG5g\ . To;}n] tL; jif{sf] slnnf] pd]/ d} lj=;+= !(%# efb| cf}+;Ls} lbg df]tL/ fdsf] c;fdlos lgwg eof] . pgsf] lgwgn] g]kfnL ;flxTodf ck"/ 0fLo Iflt x'g uof] . o:tf dxfg\ JolStn] b]vfPsf] dfu{df nfUg] k|]/ 0ff ;a}nfO{ k|fKt xf];\ . pgn] b]vfPsf] ;Tdfu{df xfdL nfUg ;sf}+ eGb} df]tL/ fd e§k|lt zAb>4f JoSt ub{5' .

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sl7g ;do, cK7\of/ f] kl/ l:yltdf klg df]tL/ fdn] ;flxTosf] :t/ j[l4, ljleGg ljwfdf ;flxTosf] ljsf; ug{ h'g kl/ kf6L l;h{gf u/ ], Tof] ;fx|} dxTjk"0f{ / k|z+;gLo sfd ePsf] 5 .

tLhsf] em6f/f]aSs} k/L x]¥of} r]nL xfp;df afaf af]n]sf]aGb sfgnfO{ lem/n] vf]Nbf xf]z v'n]sf]afafsf] Tof] rf]vf] dfof slt /fVof} d'6'dfnfhn] d'v 5f]Kof} u/] klxnf] e]6dfxfd|L r]nLnfO{ 9NsL gfRg cfpFb}ga/Ln} sDd/ dsf{Ob]pm df]bL afafn]xfd|L a]6LnfO{ ;f8L nfpg cfpFb}gal/n}, ldlg:s6{ nufOb]pm df]bL afafn] .

r]nL w]/} v';L efÚ5g\ a'4 cfkm\g} 7fg]/nfFb}gg\ /] gbLgfnf To;} tfg]/;+ljwfgsf] dd{ s] xf] < a'em Clif dgn]c/af}+sf] h8La'6L lbG5 jgn]xfd|L r]nLnfO{ r'l/of nfpg cfpFb}gal/n}, l5/fOb]pm gf8Ldf df]bL afafn]xfd|L a]6LnfO{ b/ ksfpg cfpFb}gal/n}, lbNnLaf6 k7fOb]pm df]bL afafn] .

klx/f] v;L gbL y'Gof] s] sfd ef] / kfgLsf]csfnd} Hofg u'Dof] caf]w gfgLsf]cftª\snfO{ dnhn ug]{ k'vf{sf] of] afgL xf];'gvfgLsf] b]z aGof] u'08fvfgLsf] .xfd|f a|tfn' ;w}+ ef]sf b]lvg]al/n}, 9sgL k7fOb]pm df]bL afafn]xfd|f a}+;fn' /L;sf] kf]sf] af]sg]al/n}, a]n}df km'sfOb]pm df]bL afafn] .

slt a:5f} tLhdf a|t u/ ca la;h{gy'Ko|f] xf]nf sfnf] wg ;Sof} xf]nf jga'4 xfd|} ;Ltf xfd|} ;u/dfyf xfd|} xf]lhGbuLe/ o} s'/fnfO{ /6\g} kg]{ ef] .kfSof] c+u'/ tLtf] 5 ls dL7f] 5al/n}, l6kg ufx|f] ef] vfg} kfPgf}+ lbNnL e|d0f Kof/f] nfU5 ;a}nfO{al/n}, 5}g ls lgDtf] hfg} kfPgf}+ .

tLh cfof] ltxf/ cfof] cfPgg\ ul/asf lbgd"NoljxLg /ftf] ;f8L eof] 7]6\sf] hLgb'lgofFsf] gh/df :ju{;/L g]kfncwdL{sf xft k/] ;w}+ aafnxfd|f grf? ef]het]/d} /dfpg]al/n}, s;n] xf]nf ;+ljwfgdf snd rnfpg]xfd|f a/fh' kh]/f]df x'FOlsg]al/n}, ul/a hgtf klx/f]df lhpFb} k'l/g] .

;+;bdf s';L{ ;a} vfnL dfq} b]lvG5g\of] /fi6«sf k|ltlglw l8:sf] e]l6G5g\l5§} n]v ;+ljwfg ls t kms{ ufpFdfhfG5f}+ a? xfdL ca ltd|f 7fpFdfolt ;'Gb/ b]z xfd|f] g]kfnal/n}, 89]nf]n] vfO;Sof] arfp uf]kfnxd\ x}+ cfks] ;fy eg] lbNnL afafn]al/n}, o;kflnsf] tLhdf r]nL gfrf}+ dhfn] .

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;/;kmfO dx;'n g=kf=df a'emfpg] lsg xfDn] ;8s 5]p5fp kmf]xf]/ n'sfpg]

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6f]naf;Ln] kmf]xf]/ p7fcf}+ 6f]nsf] klxrfg lbgnfO{ s/ lt/]sf] d'gfkmf cfkm} lngnfO{

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;ldltn] xft lems]kl5 lhlj; / f]Nkfn] ;fy lbPsf] / f]sfn] atfP .

/ f]Nkf ;b/ d''sfd lnafªb]lv ;8s b"/ Ln] %! lsnf]ld6/ k"j{lt/ kb{5 h]nafª . hnhnf kxf8sf] k"j{lt/ cjl:yt h]nafªdf (( k|ltzt du/ ;d'bfox?sf] a;f]af; 5 . du/ x?sf] cfkm\g} snf, efiff, ;+:s[lt / hLjgz}nL 5 . h]nafª o''4 ko{6gsf lx;fan] dfq dxTjk"0f{ uGtJo xf]Og, ;f+:s[lts ko{6gsf] lx;fan] klg plrt uGtJo:yn xf] . kfFr ;o a9L 3/ w'/ L ePsf] h]nafªdf du/ afx'No a:tL 5 . ;fd'lxs Pstf, df}lns ;+:s[lt, / xg;xg, :yfgLo pTkfbg ;fy} hnhnf k'Ug] ko{6ssf nflu klg rf}af6f] ePsfn] ko{6g uGtJosf nflu pTs[i6 dflgG5 h]nafª .

3/ af; sfo{qmdsf ufpFdf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ x?df klg hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . Ps 3/ Ps rkL{, Ps 3/ Ps wf/ fsf] cleofg ufpFdf hf/ L 5 . k"0f{ ;/ ;kmfO cfgLafgL kl/ jt{go'Qm ufpF agfpg] h]nafªLx?sf] ;kgf 5 . To;sf nflu uf]vf{ j]nkm/ l:sdn] kf}g] b'O s/ f]8 cfly{s ;xof]u u/ ]sf] 5 . To;}ul/ (( lsnf]jf6sf] dfOqmf] xfO8«f]kfj/ sf] nflu a]; g]kfnn] @ s/ f]8 %% nfv cfly{s ;xof]u u/ ]sf] 5 eg] zflGt dGqfnon] klg ;d'bfosf]

cfocfh{g nufotsf ljifodf nufgL u/ ]sf] lhlj;n] atfPsf] 5 .

h]nafªsf] u|fdL0f ko{6g k|j4{g ug{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / f]Nkfn] k"jf{wf/ df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . k"jf{wf/ df ;'wf/ ;Fu} ufpFdf xf]d:6] ;~rfng ug{ ;d'bfosf xf]d:6] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b:ox?nfO{ b;}+ cufl8 xf]d:6] ;~rfng ePsf :yfgx?sf] cjnf]sg e|d0f u/ fpg] sfo{qmd / x]sf] lhlj; / f]Nkfsf ko{6g kmf]sn k;{g bLk]Gb| l8;Ln] atfP . l8;Ln] eg], …kl5Nnf] r/ 0fdf :yfgLox?sf] ;lqmotf b]lvPsf] 5, kf}ifb]lv 3/ af; sfo{qmd ;'rf? x'G5 . h]nafªsf] o''4 ko{6gsf nflu lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] cg''udg u/ ]/ kms{]sf] / l56\6} k|lqmof cufl8 a9\g] ko{6g kmf]sn k;{g l8;Ln] atfP .

h]nafª ko{6sLo sf]0faf6 dfq xf]Og vfgLsf] wgL uflj; klg xf] . uflj;sf k|foM ;a} :yfgdf kmnfd ;'g / tfdfsf vfgL 5g\ . e" tyf vfgL ljefun] h]nafªdf / x]sf vfgLx?sf] cGj]if0f klg u/ ]sf] lyof] . kz'kfng, cuf{lgs t/ sf/ L v]tL / 3/ ]n' pBdx?sf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] k|an ;Defjgf eP klg lhDd]jf/ x?n] Wofg lbg g;Stf h]nafªsf] ljsf;df afwf k'u]sf] ljsf;;Fu ;/ f]sf/ / fVg]x? atfpF5g\ .w

o''4 ko{6g ug{ rfxg] ko{6snfO{ dfcf]jfbL o''4sf kl/0ffd, k|efj / sf/0fx? b]vfpg] h]nafªLx?sf] ;+sNk 5 .

nf]s ufogdf cfkm\gf] a]Un} klxrfg agfpg] ;kgf af]s]/ / fhwfgL l5/ ]sL l5g\ t'n;Lk'/ –& gfpnfsL lvdf ;+uLt . ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv / fhwfgLdf ;+3if{/ t\ lvdf nf]sbf]x/ Ldf g]kfnLkg / ;+:s[lt emlNsg] ePsfn] To;sf] ;+/ If0f / ;+j4{g ug{ nf]sufogdf nfu]sf] atfpFl5g\ .

@)^% lt/ / ]l8of] :ju{åf/ L PkmPddf e/ t kf]v|]nåf/ f ;~rflnt / ]l8of] sfo{qmd x]nf] tkfO{+sf] k|ltefaf6 k|efljt ePsL pgL Tolta]nfb]lv g} nf]s ufogdf ;lqmo ePsL x'g\ . klxnf] k6s ;Demgfn] ;fx}| ;tfpF5 uLtdf l6sf k''g;Fu :j/ lbPsL lvdfn] clxn];Dd of] dg lsg olt ;fx|} / f]Úsf] 5, km""nem}+ / fd|f, d]/ f] of] hjfgL af]nsf uLt / ltd|f] x'g kfpFlbg zLif{ssf] uLlt PNaddf :j/ lbO;s]sL l5g\ .

/ fhwfgLn] pk]Iff u/ ] klg df]km;nsf ldl8ofx?n] dxTj lbPsfn] pT;fx a9]]sf] lvdfn] atfOg\ . …/ fhwfgLsf ldl8ofn] dxTj lbb}gg\, pgn] elgg\, …:yflkt snfsf/ nfO{ :k]z lbP klg gofF k|ltefnfO{ sd dxTj lbgfn] gofF k|ltefx? knfog x''g] vt/ f 5 .Ú uLt ufP/ sf7df08f}+df afFRg ufx|f] eP klg snfsf/ aGg]

/ x/ n] ;d:ofs} aLraf6 uLt;+uLtsf] ofqf 5f]8\g g;lsPsf] pgL atfpFl5g\ .

eljiodf :yflkt snfsf/ aGg] ;kgf b]v]sL lvdfn] snfsfl/ tf If]qdf w]/ } ;d:of / r''gf}tL / x]sf] atfpFl5g\ . …xfdLh:tf snfsf/ / fhwfgLdf y''k}| 5g\, t/ l;lgo/ snfsf/ n] h''lgo/ dfly ;sf/ fTds Jojxf/ u/ ]sf] kfOb}g, pgL elG5g\, …gofF k|ltefnfO{ k|]/ 0ff lbg]eGbf lg?T;flxt agfpg] ul/ G5 .Ú snfsf/ sf nflu / fHon] k|ltefx?sf] ;Ddfg / uLt ufP/ hLjg lgjf{x ug{] jftfj/ 0f agfOlbPdf snfsf/ x?sf] hLjg cln ;xh x''g] pgsf] egfO{ 5 .

kl5Nnf]k6s pgn] tLhkl5 ahf/ df cfpg nfu]sf] ls/ 0fafa'' k''gsf] zAb, no / v''dg clwsf/ Lsf] af]n / x]sf] ltd|f] x'g kfpFlbg zLif{ssf] uLtdf :j/ lbPsL 5g\ . tLhnuQ} ahf/ df cfpg nfu]sf] pSt PNad lt;{gf Do""lhs k|flnn] ahf/ df Nofpg nfu]sf] xf] . pQm uLtsf] Do""lhs lel8of]sf] 5fofª\sgsf] olsg geP klg uLtnfO{ ;''g]/ >f]tfn] k|ltqm[of lbPdf cem gofF uLt l;h{gf ug]{ k|]/ 0ff ldNg] pgsf] ck]Iff 5 .

km'r'ª\u|L M xfd|f s]kL zdf{ cf]nL c+sn cfhef]ln sf+u|];n] ;ft a'Fb] ;xdlt gf3]sf] 5 eg]sf] eGo} x'g'x'G5 sfsf < s] / }Ú5 / xf] Tof] ;ft a'Fb] <

sfsf M oltsf jif{;Dd g]kfnsf] / fhgLltaf/ ] hfgsf/ L / fv]/ klg cem}+ ga'em]sL < hlt a'Fb] eg] klg d'Vo a'FbfrflxF vfg]s'/ f s;/ L vfg] eGg] xf] Sof < sf+u|];n] cln a9L vfg yfNof] xf]nf . clg, t]/ f s]kL c+snnfO{ l/ ; p7\b}g t <

km'r'ª\u|L M o;kfln bfªdf klg af9L klx/ f]n] 7"nf] hgwgsf] Iflt u¥of] sfsf . o:tf] a]nfdf p4f/ , / fxt / Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf km6s ;] ldnfpg'kg]{df xfd|f l;l8cf] ;fkn] t s5'jfsf] tfnnfO{ ;d]t s'zntfk"j{s pl5Gg' ef] / ] . a"9f t b]Vbfsf] 8fn dfq} kf] / }Ú5g\ lg <

sfsf M x]bf{v]l/ t t]/ f l;l8cf] ;fk vfOnfUbf lx/ f]h:tf 5g\ Sof/ ] . cl3kl5 km'lt{kmflt{ klg lgs} b]vfpF5g\ a"9f . t/ k/ LIff t sl7g 38Ld} x'g] t xf] lg . rf/ ÷kfFr lbgkl5 kf] a"9fsf] ;/ sf/ L 6f]nL x]lnsf]K6/ r9]/ ljs6 ufpFlt/ uPsf] / ] . Tof] klg cem rfprfp af]s]/ . xfxfxf .

km'r'ª\u|L M clg xfd|f ?Sdfª\ub s6\jfn h;f{kn] t cfTdsyf n]v]/ Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf k|r08nfO{ yn} kf/ ] / ] lg <

sfsf M t]/ f k|r08 c+snn] æ/ f}+ klg gxlNnPsf]Æ l6Kk0fL u/ ]sf 5g\ c/ ] . t/ xNnfpg t s6jfn a"9fn] k|r08sf] / f}+ dfq} x}g s';L{ klg xNnfPsf x'g\ . s';L{ xNnfPsf] dfq} xf]Og e'OFd} v;fn]sf x'g\ . o;f] x]bf{ ca oL b'O{ a"9fsf] bf]xf]/ L nfd} rN5 h:tf] 5 km'RrL .

km'r'ª\u|L M clg xfd|f lgdf{0f Joj;foL c+snx?n] t lu6\6L, 9'ª\uf / afn'jf lgsfNg kfpg'kg]{ dfu;lxt bfªdf oftfoft} aGb u/ ]5g\ . x'g t sfd} ;/ sf/ n] aGb ul/ lbPkl5 c? sfd t ug}{k¥of] xlu <

sfsf M pkm\ ÛÛÛ s]–s] ;f]W5] of] km'r'ª\u|L klg <<<ÛÛÛ

sn]h sljtf cleofgsf cleoGtf o'jf slj 3gZofd cl:tTj z'qmaf/ / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifbsf] / f]i6ddf sljtf lnP/ pleP . pgn] bfjL u/ ] bfªdf kl/ ifbn] u/ ]sf Psn / rgf afrg sfo{qmddf clxn];Dds} cfkm' sfG5f] ePsf s'/ f .

#! cf}+ >[+vnfcGtu{t / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb bfª zfvfn] cfof]hgf u/ ]sf] Psn sljtf jfrg sfo{qmddf cl:tTjn] ;x/ df klx/ f] laxfg zLif{ssf] sljtfaf6 ;'? u/ ]sf lyP . Ko'7fgsf] ;f/ Ldf hGd]/ xfn bfªdf cWoogsf] l;nl;nfdf / x]sf o'jf slj 3gZofd cl:tTjn] sfo{qmddf 8]9 bh{g sljtf ;'gfP .

x/ ]s sljtfsf] efje"ld ;'gfpFb} sljtf jfrg u/ ]sf cl:tTjn] sfo{qmddf ;a}nfO{ dGqd'Uw agfPsf lyP . sljn] ltdL uPkl5, nf]stGqsf] xfjf, r'/ f]6 / afh], ufpF 5f]8]kl5, ;kgfdf nufotsf sljtf ;'gfPsf lyP . pgsf sljtfx?df b]zk|]d, ;fdflhs hLjg, dfgjLo cl:tTj, k|]d, cfdf, ufpFn]

kl/ j]z, ;x/ sf] ljifdtf nufosf ljifo p7fg ul/ Psf] lyof] .

kl/ ifb\ bfª zfvfsf cWoIf sdndl0f b]jsf]6fsf] cWoIftf tyf k|f1 pQds[i0f dHu+}ofsf] k|d'v cfltYo Pjd\ / fKtL lzIff SofDk;sf k|d'v x's'd a'9fyf]sLsf] ljlzi6 cfltYodf sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf 5nkmn rf}tf/ L bfªsf ;+of]hs Pjd\ cu|h kqsf/ ;'zLn uf}tdn] jt{dfg ;do r'gf}tLk"0f{ / x]sf] atfpFb} sljtfsf dfWodaf6 o'jfslj cl:tTjn] jt{dfg af]n]sf] atfpg'eof] . ;f] cj;/ df / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf jl/ i6 pkfWoIf 6Lsf/ fd pbf;L, kb\dk|;fb vgfnnufotn] sljtfsf n]vgdf o'jfslj cl:tTjsf] snd lgvfl/Psf] eGb} n]vgdf lg/Gt/tf lbg ;'emfj lbg'ePf] lyof] .

kl/ ifbsf ;b:o zf/ bf zdf{sf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 ;'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng kl/ ifb\ bfª zfvf ;lrj bLks zdf{ …;dL/ Ú / ;b:o gjLg clenfifLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .