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s'g} :ju{ rflxPg . dnfO{ ltdLn] dfg]sf] g/ s?kL cfˆg} w/ tLs} b'Mv Kof/ f] 5 . km]l/ d gf/ L x'F . gf/ L t w/ tLs} ?k xf] eG5g\ . dfgf}+ ltdL k'?if / ltd|f] :ju{ k'?if;'vsf] ;ª\s]t g} lsg gxf];\ . ltdLnfO{ ltdL / ltd|f] :ju{sf] ;§fdf d / d]/ f] w/ tL ldn] klg of dnfO{ d / d]/ f]

;§fdf ltdL / ltd|f] :ju{ g} ldn] klg of] a|Xdf08df xfdL b'a} cw'/ f] / xg]5f}+ .

d d/ ]sf] klg jif{ lbg k'Ug yfn]5 .

;f]R5', ;do laTg slt g} nfUbf]/ x]5 / < x'g t d d/ ]sf]nfO{ ;do rfF8} lat]h:tf] nfu]sf] x'g klg ;S5 . afFr]sfx?nfO{ oxL ;do s6fpg slt

ufx|f] ePsf] xf]nf .cf]xf] Û 6«flkms k|x/ Ln] d]/ } kmf]6f]nfO{

7"nf] agfP/ rf]s–rf]sdf / fv]sf] / x]5 . af]8{df cfkm}nfO{ b]v]/ bª\u ePF klxnf]k6s . wQ]/ L Û slt g/ fd|f];Fu dl/ P5 . cfhef]lnsf tGg]/ Lx? d]/ f] kmf]6f] b]v]/ tl;{G5g\ xf]nf ls gfO{ <)))

tkfO{+nfO{ yfxf 5 kf7s dxf]bo < d s;/ L d/ ]sf] lyPF, cfpg';\ ;'gfpF5' d]/ f] d[To' sxfgL .)))

IftljIft ePsf] d]/ f] zl/ / nfO{ arfpg ;lsg] cfzf ;lsPkl5 8fS6/ n] kL8f ;xg ;sf];\ eg]/ d]/ f] kfv'/ fdf kfFr PdPnsf] k]g lsn/ l;l/ ~haf6 / utdf ld;fOlbP . kfv'/ fsf] g;fnfO{ skf;df :k|L6 / fv]/ ;kmf ul/ l;l/ ~hsf] 6'Kkf] 3';fPsf] x]g{ g;sL 5]pd} a;]sf] d]/ f] 5f]/ fn] cfFvf lrlDnof] . a"9Ln] csf]{lt/ d'G6f] a6f/ L . t/ dnfO{ olta]nf g t kL8f ePsf] 5 g t afFRg] cfzfdf v';L g} .

d ;a} ;f]Rg ;Sby]+ . eGg'sf] dtna cw{ cr]t lyPg . t/ klg xnrn ug{ / af]Ng ;Sb}gy]+ . dfq x]l/ / x]sf] lyPF . sNkgf ul/ / x]sf] lyPF . cfFvf v'nf lyP . To;}n] t dg]{ a]nfdf klg d d]/ f] kl/ jf/ nfO{ x]/ L–x]/ L dg{ kfpg] efUodfgL x'g ;kmn ePsf] lyPF . Ps 306fcl3 c:ktfndf NofOPsf] dnfO{ arfpg] ;lsG5 eg]/ 8fS6/ n] afnfO{ cfzf hufOlbPsf lyP . t/ klg afcfdfsf] dg sxfF dfG5 / cfkm" d/ ]/ eP klg arfpg] cfzfdf bf}l8b} x'g'x'G5 d]/ f a'af .)))

;fyLefO;Fu labf eP/ ahf/ af6 ufpFdf lx8]sf] d 3/ gk'Ub} aLr af6f]d} of] xfntdf k'u]+ . xf];df cfpg'eGbf cufl8sf] kL8f d ;lDemg klg ;lSbgF d . t/ clxn] dnfO{ kL8f ePsf] 5}g . zfl/ / Ls kL8fnfO{ 8fS6/ sf] k]g lsn/ n] eufOlbPsf] 5 . clg dfgl;s kL8fnfO{ ;Fu} v]ln/ x]sf] 5f]/ fn] e'nfOlbPsf] 5 . t/ klg nfdf] ;do;Dd 5f]/ fsf] afp aGg gkfpg]sf] kL8f / 5f]/ fsf] k|ultdf d]/ f v';Lsf] cg'e"lt clg hjfgLd} a"9LnfO{ lawjf agfpg'sf] kfksf] dx;'; ul/ / x]sf] 5' olta]nf . dnfO{ yfxf 5, d ca afFlRbgF eGg] . / casf] s]xLa]/ d} d5'{ eGg] klg 8fS6/ x?n] lglZrt ul/ ;s]sf 5g\ . t/ klg afn] dnfO{ arfpg] sf]lz; ul/ xg'ePsf] 5 . ;fob d}n] 5f]/ fnfO{ ug]{ dfofeGbf klg w]/ } dfof dnfO{ d]/ f afn] ug'{x'G5 xf]nf . To;}n] t d 5f]/ fnfO{ 5f8]/ hfg tof/ 5' t/ afn] dnfO{ hfg lbg'ePs} 5}g . dnfO{ cfkm";Fu} / fVg x/ k|of; ul/ / xg'ePsf] 5 .

d b]V5' . / utsf] kf]sf xftdf lnP/ af bf}l8b} sf]7fleq l5g'{eof] . otf 8fS6/ n] cfzf dfl/ ;s]sf] sf/ 0f ;'gfpFb} rf;f] b]vfPg . t/ klg afn] sf]lz; ul/ / xg'eof] . d d]/ f afsf] 56k6fx6 / 8fS6/ sf] rlt{snf x]g{ dfq ;Sy]+, af]Ng ;Sb}gy]+ .

dgdg} afnfO{ ;DemfPF, …lsg b'Mv u/ ]sf] af < ca d]/ f] ldlt cfOk'Uof] .Ú afn] klg / ;fPsf / l;nf cfFvfn] g} pQ/ lbg'eof] ;fob . …5f]/ f deGbf cl3 dnfO{ 5f]8]/ ghfpm . ltdL uPsf] d x]g{ / ;xg ;lSbgF .Ú

zl/ / sf] / ut ;a} au]/ uPsf] x'gfn] arfpg g;lsg] 8fS6/ x?n] atfPsf lyP . af eg] / ut lbP/ afFR5 ls eg]/ lemgf] cfzfdf xf}l;b} afn] / ut lsg]/ Nofpg'ePsf] lyof] . 8fS6/ x? eg] dnfO{ arfpg g;Sg]df ljZj:t 5g\ . 6fpsf]afx]s zl/ / sf] s'g} efu 5}g afFsL 5}g, h'g l;ª\uf] xf];\ . ;a 6'qmf–6'qmf ePsf] 5 . 6fpsf]df eg] ;fgf] 3fp klg 5}g . h;n] ubf{ d klg afFRbf;Dd

d]/ f] kl/ jf/ nfO{ x]b{}5' . ;'Gb}5' clg k'/ fgf s'/ fx? slNkb}5' . 6fpsf] k"/ } 5f]lkg] x]nd]6 nufPs} x'gfn] 6fpsf] aRof] . gq eg] d d/ ]sf] dnfO{ g} yfxf x'Fb}g lyof] xf]nf . sd;]sd Ho"Fbf] 5Fb} d[To'nfO{ glhsaf6 b]lv/ x]sf] 5' .)))

d cln lh4L :jefjsf] 5' / ] . d]/ f] unt s'/ fx? klg c?n] gsf6L ;dy{g u?g\ eGg] cfzf / fVb5' . t/ klg d ;fyLefOnfO{ clg Oi6ldqx?sf] dfem eg] ldhfl;nf] g} 5' / ] . ;fyLefOx?sf] l6Kk0fL d]/ f] nflu o:tf] lyof] . …afOs la:tf/ } rnfpg" x}Ú ;a}n] o:t} eGby] . 3/ af6 lg:sbf afcfdfn], sf]7faf6 lg:sbf >LdtLn] clg ;fyLefOx? dfemaf6 5'l§bf ;fyLx?n] . t/ cxF d}n] s;}n] eg]sf] 6]l/ gF . xfjfsf] ultdf afOs rnfpg', c?nfO{ b]vfP/ clgolGqt afOs klg lgoGq0fdf lnPem}+ u/ L jfxfjfxL sdfpg' Û d]/ f] zf]v klg s:tf] s:tf] Û

ca o:tf] zf]v eP;L c?n] afOs :nf] rnfpg, la:tf/ } xfFs eGb}df d}n] dfGg]jfnf lyPg . sf/ 0f pxL t xf], lh4L :jefj . clxn] w'ldn–w'ldn ;Demgf 5 cem}+ . vfhf vfP/ ;fyLx?;Fu 5'l§bf klg dnfO{ ;a}n] ;DemfpFb} lyP, …af6f] cK7\of/ f] 5 lbks cln la:tf/ } hfg" . d';'Ss xfF;]/ ;xdlt hgfPsf] d cln cufl8 gk'Ub} cfˆgf] lh4L :jefj b]vfO5f8]+ . / , t

To;}sf] k|ltkmn clxn] c:ktfnsf] a]8df ef]lu/ x]5' .

c:ktfnsf] a]8 gDa/ !% . 5]psf] ;fgf] :6"ndf d]/ L hLjg;+lugL al;/ x]sL l5g\ . 3l/ cfF;' k'5\b} t 3l/ d]/ f] lgwf/ 5fDb}l5g\ pgL . af ptf 8fS6/ ;Fu sfg]v';L ub}{

x'g'x'G5 . d]/ f] l;/ fgdf Ps bh{g PS;/ ] l/ kf]6{sf sfuh y'kfl/ Psf] 5 . dnfO{ e]6\g cfPsf cfkmGt clg ;fyLefOx? Ps÷Ps ub}{ cfpF5g\, dnfO{ af]nfpg] k|of; u5{g\, lg/ f; eP/ kmls{G5g\ . sf]xL ?Fb} hfG5g\ t sf]xL l/ ;fpFb} .

a"9Lsf] sfvdf a;]sf] 5f]/ f xftdf ev{/ sf6]sf] :ofpsf] 6'qmf ks8]/ otfptf kNofsk'n's x]l/ / x]5 . 3l/ dnfO{ x]5{, 3l/ cfdfnfO{ . slta]nf p7]/ c:ktfnsf] Odh]{G;L jf8{ j/ k/ bf}l8G5 . / , xfF:b} cfdfsf] sfvdf xfd kmfNg cfOk'U5 . p;nfO{ s] yfxf < afaf ca slxNo} gkmls{g] ul/ hfFb}5 eg]/ . d 3/ L–3/ L a"9LnfO{ x]5'{, a"9L dnfO{ x]5]{ . ?Fbf–?Fbf yfs]sf cfFvfn] dnfO{ w]/ } a]/ x]g{ ;Sb}gg\ . / 5f]/ fnfO{ vf]Hg yfN5g\ p;sf cfFvfx? .

leQfsf] dfly em'l08Psf] ;fgf] 6LeLdf k'U5 d]/ f] cfFvf . cf]xf] Û ;dfrf/ t cfkm\g} kf] cfO/ x]sf] / x]5– ev{/ } k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ bfªaf6 sf7df08f}+df nflu 5'6]sf] / fqL a; / ndxLaf6 3f]/ fxLtkm{ cfpFb} u/ ]sf] df]6/ ;fOsn Pscfk;df 7f]lSsbf df]6/ ;fOsn rfns lbks l3ld/ ] uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . 7Ss/ lbg] a;sf rfns k|x/ L lgoGq0fdf .

;dfrf/ df d]/ f] gfd ;'Gg]lalQs} a"9Ln] xQkQ 6LeLlt/ cfFvf 8'nfO{ . c?sf] va/ ;'g]/ d'6' sdfpg] d cfˆg} va/ cfkm} x]b}{5' c:ktfns} a]8df . wGg Û 36gf:ynd} d[To' eGg] va/ ag]g5' .

cxf] Û ;dfrf/ sf] b[Zo la:tf/ } w'ldn kf] x'g yfNof] . cfjfh klg ;'lgg 5f]8\of] . ev{/ ;Dd cfdfsf] sfvdf v]ln/ x]sf] 5f]/ fnfO{ klg lrGg 5f8]+ . cl3;Dd :ki6 b]Vg] d]/ f cfFvfx?n] clxn] w'ldn w'ldn dfq} b]Vg yfn] . e"sDk g} cfPh:tf] cg'e"lt x'Fb}5 oltv]/ . k"/ } c:ktfn g} xlNnPsf] h:tf] .

8fS6/ n] jfofF kfv'/ fsf] g;faf6 Un'sf]h lbg yfn] . bfofF kfv'/ f t k"/ } Ifltu|:t lyof] . cl3;Dd bfofF kfv'/ faf6 tKk–tKk r'lx/ x]sf] / ut klg aGb eO;s]sf] 5 . nf} Û jfofF kfv'/ faf6 lbO/ x]sf] Un'sf]h klg hfg 5f]8\of] . Zjf;k|Zjf; klg aGb xf]nf h:tf] eof] . d 56k6fpg yfn]+ . zl/ / sf] s'g} c+u xNnfpg ;Sb}gy] t/ 6fpsf] a]:;/ L xNnfP . af bf}l8b} 8fS6/ nfO{ lnP/ cfpg'ef] . a"9L cflQb} 6fpsf] ;dfpg yfnL . 5f]/ fn] :ofpsf] 6'qmf e'OFd} kmfn]/ ?g yfNof] . To;kl5 d r'krfk ePF . ;f; ?Sof] . cfFvf aGb eP . 6fpsf] xlNng 5f]8\of] . z/L / la:tf/ } rL;f] eof] . clg d d/]+ .)))

To;kl5===d]/ f af, a"9L / ;fgf] 5f]/ f 5]pmdf lxSsf 5f]8]/

?g yfn] . cfkmGtx? cfF;' k'5\b} d]/ f af, a"9L / 5f]/ fnfO{ ;dflt/ x]5g\ . 8fS6/ n] eg] ;]tf] tGgfn] d]/ f] IftljIft zl/ / 5f]lklbP .

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a"9Lsf] sfvdf a;]sf] 5f]/ f xftdf ev{/ sf6]sf] :ofpsf] 6'qmf ks8]/ otfptf kNofsk'n's x]l/ / x]5 . 3l/ dnfO{ x]5{, 3l/ cfdfnfO{ . slta]nf p7]/ c:ktfnsf] Odh]{G;L jf8{ j/ k/ bf}l8G5 . / , xfF:b} cfdfsf] sfvdf xfd kmfNg cfOk'U5 . p;nfO{ s] yfxf < afaf ca slxNo} gkmls{g] ul/ hfFb}5 eg]/ .

;f; ?Sof] . cfFvf aGb eP . 6fpsf] xlNng 5f]8\of] . z/L / la:tf/ } rL;f] eof] . clg d d/]+ .

cfxf Û hLjgsf] lgVv'/ g]u]l6edf of] cfkmGt / of] k/ fO eg]/ v'6\ofpg' of lgik§ cFWof/ f] kl/ lrt 7fpFdf c8\sn]/ lx8\g' / sxL+ g7f]Slsg' of hLjgsf tL k'/ fgf lsl/ ªldl/ ª c6f]u|fkmx?df a]lx;fa ?dlNng' cyf{t\ cfkm}leqsf] k'/ ftflTjs b'lgofFdf lhGbuLsf] So'l/ of]

vf]Hb} lkm/ Gt] aGg' of k9\b} u/ ]sf] ;'?lrk"0f{ k':tssf] gfos gflosfdf cfkm}nfO{ cg'jfb ug'{ / lj/ ]lrt x'g' slDt / f]df~rsf/ L nfUb}g Û ===ÛÛ

cfF;' n'sfO{ k/ ]nLdf v';L d':s'/ fO/ x]+=== of] d]/ f] df]afOnsf] l/ ª6f]g ===Û

– x]nf]==Û gd:sf/ Û d w/ tLaf;L– x]nf]==Û gd:sf/ Û d :ju{af6 af]Nb}5' .– cf]xf] Û gd:sf/ Û gd:sf/ ÛÛ– xf]Og, tkfO{+ t :ju{af6 Tof] g/ sdf lgjf{;g

ePb]lv ´g\ a9L / dfpg' ePh:tf] 5 lg Û– xh'/ , jf:tjd} / dfPsf] 5' . clGtd pQ/ ljxLg

cgGt / f]df~rs k|Zgx?df / dfPsf] 5' .– tkfO{+ t ;fFRr} g} k|Zgx?lagf t / dfpg} g;Sg]

dfG5]===

– xf], o:tf] nfU5 ls k|Zglagf sxfF / f]df~rstf Û h;/ L sf/ 0flagf sfo{ x'Fb}g, To;/ L g} sfo{sf] kl/ 0flt klg k|Zglagfsf] x'g} ;Sb}g . lsgls d}n] eGb} cfPsf] d]/ f] gh/ df a|Xdf08s} clt ;'Gb/ g/ s d]/ f] w/ tLsf] / ª\ud~rdf x]/ t Û ===ÛÛ

s;}sf] ljz]È k|efjzfnL clg 3gTjzfnL hLjgsf] cfTdsyfdf ;Dk"0f{ cfTdsyfeGbf aflx/ Pp6f kf7skfqåf/ f s]xL ljz]È g} e]l6g' t/ ;f]xL hLjgsf gfosåf/ f eg] :jod\s} hLjgdf s]xL ge]l6g'h:t} r]tgfdf e]l6g' / ge]l6g'sf] b"/ Ld} ;fob dfgj hLjgsf] l;nl;nf rln/ xG5 / oxL l;nl;nf :jod\ g} k|Zgx?sf] kxf8 ag]/ clUn/ xG5 . nfU5, oxL kxf8 r9\g'sf] / ª\ud~rLo l;nl;nf g} ultzLntf 7fg]/ ltd|f gh/ df s7}a/ f g/ sjf;Lx? ofg]ls dflg;x? lhGbuL afFr]sf] dx;'; u5{g\ . cfkm" x'g'sf] dx;'; u5{g\ lsgls oxfF kfqx? / ª\ud~rdf dfq xf]Og / ª\ud~raf6 aflx/ bz{sbL3f{df xfdkmfNg ;S5g\ / rNdnfpF5g\, :kz{ u5{g\, k|]d u5{g\, 3[0ff u5{g\ . slt cfˆg} lghL cy{df cfF;'n] oyfy{ / cfbz{sf] ;Ldfª\sg u5{g\ . lsgls of] s]jn l:y/ kmf]6f]sfl/ tf xf]Og, lrqsfl/ tf klg xf]Og / k|m]da4 rnlrq klg xf]Og . h;df kfqx? k|m]daf6 sbflk d'St x'g ;Sb}gg\ .

x'g klg k|m]da4 x'g'sf] Ps/ ;tfeGbf k|m]daflx/ x'g'sf] dx;';d} j[4 x'g] ´G´6 of lbSbf/ Laf6 d'lStsf nflu o'jfj:yfd} cfTdxTof u/ ]/ ;f/ f ;Defjgfx?df k"0f{lj/ fd nufpg'h:t} of cfFugaf6 cfˆg} hLjgsf] 9f]sfleq k:g nfu]sf] clhª\u/ b]v]kl5 cfFug / hLjgsf] b"/ L la;]{/ To;kl5sf] qf;bLaf6 d'lStsf nflu cfFvf lrDn]/ ;f]´} clhª\u/ s} cfxf/ f aGg' h:t} of nf]Ug]sf] d[To'kZrft\sf] aNbf] of}jgsf] b'Mvaf6 d'lStsf nflu cfTdxTof u/ ]/ c~hfgd} s;}sf] k|tLÔfsf] OGsf/ ul/ g'h:t} cyf{t\ ef]sd/ Ln] dg{ nfu]sf] afns Kn; slxn] Tof] afns dnf{ / vfpFnf eg]/ Ps6sn] x]l/ / x]sf] lu4sf] kmf]6f]snfsf kmf]6f]sf/ pTs[i6 kmf]6f]snfsf nflu k'/ :s[t eP klg d[To'sf] k'/ :sf/ u|x0f ug{ uO/ x]sf To; tl:a/ sf afnssf] kL8fn] Unflgaf]waf6 d'lStsf nflu cfTdxTof u/ ]/ pgsf] kZrftfksf ;'Gb/ kx]nLx?af6 xhf/ f}+ To:tf afnsx?sf] sNof0fsf] ;Defjgf ;dfKt x'g'h:t} oltv]/ d ;To / c;To, 7Ls / a]7Ls, xf] / xf]Ogsf] aLrsf] b"/ Ldf clUnPsf] klx/ f] hfg} nfu]sf] k|Zgx?sf] kxf8d'lGt/ hf]lvdd} lxl8/ x]5' .

x'g ;S5, oltv]/ d ltd|f] ;xfg'e"ltsf] pxL s7}a/ f kfq Û t/ ddf s'g} ljlzi6 / rgfsf/ , lgb]{zs of bz{s aGg] w'g ;jf/ 5}g . a?, d ltdLn] l;h{gf u/ ]sf] e|dnfO{ s]jn e|d g} 7fg]/ k|]dk"0f{ x[bon] d:t;Fu dfq e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/ / x]5' . ===/ d ljZj:t 5'– ltdL klg of] k|]ldn / ª\ud~rLo / f]df~rstfn] bz{sbL3f{df d:t 5f} .

oltv]/ oxfF dflg;x? cyf{t\ ltd|f gh/ sf lg/ Lx kfqx? rfx] af}l4s k|b"È0f l;h{gf ug{ :yflkt k':tsfno xf];\ of lzÔfno xf];\ jf s]jn kfk kvfNg :yflkt b]jfno of hgtfnfO{ s]jn b'Mv lbg :yflkt ;]jfno cyf{t\ Gofo 5'kfpg :yflkt Gofofnoaf6 d'St Ps k|b"È0fxLg cflbd :jKgk|b]zdf ljr/ 0f ug{ rfxG5g\ . b'Mv of cGwsf/ sf] pTsÈ{ljGb'af6 ;'v of pHofnf]lt/ sf] k|fs[lts

k|:yfgh:t} cyf{t\ cgfof; lhGbuL lhpg'h:t}, ;f; km]g'{h:t}, aiff{t x'g'h:t}, gbL aUg'h:t}, km"n km'Ng'h:t}, afns xfF:g'h:t}, afns ?g'h:t} c´ egf}+ pHofnf] x'g' of / ft kg'{h:t} ca oxfF / ª\ud~rsf] kbf{ ´g'{ klg gjLgtfsf] OdfGbf/ k|f/ De 7flgG5 . ca t ltdLn] l;h{gf u/ ]sf] e|d klg lk|o cfbt alg;s]sf] 5, dgf]/ ~hgsf] pTs[i6 kx]nL ag]sf] 5 . o;}n] oltv]/ ltdL d]/ f] xfnva/ a'‰g'eGbf a9L h?/ nf]enfUbf] lk|o Oiof{df 5f} .

xf], oxfF cgluGtL af6fx? nfda4 5g\\ / cgluGtL uGtJox? klg ;Fu;Fu} gTyL ul/ Psf 5g\ . af6fdf 3fd h"g klg ;Fu;Fu} lx8\5g\ / af6fdf htftt} / x:o / k|Zgx? klg ;fy} lx8\5g\ . dfgf}+ / x:odf plAhPsf k|Zgx? dw'/ tf/ fx?sf] Sof/ fefg´}+ slxn] k"j{af6 klZrdlt/ slxn] klZrdaf6 k"j{lt/ nfU5g\ . ltd|f nflu e|flGt nfu]sf oxfFsf j[Ôx?, ´/ gfx?, gbLx?, k|;Ggtfdf gflrPsf g[Tox?, ;+j]bgf;Fu l;+uf}/ L v]Ng] gj} / ;sf uLtuhn clg sljtf / ;ª\uLtx?, ;+:s[ltx? ;a}–;a}sf] hLjGttfdf ;fob ltdL g} ?dlNn/ x]sf 5f} cyf{t\ cfkm"n] l;h{gf u/ ]sf] ;'Gb/ e|flGtdf cfkm} km;]sf 5f} . / ltdL log} / f]df~rs Ô0fx?l;t ljz]È ljxLgtf / cg'kl:yltaf6} d'Uw eP/ dnfO{ lgofln/ x]5f} . ;fFRr} eGg] xf] eg] oxL w/ tLdf cxNofsf] k|:t/ x'g'sf] kL8f;Fu} k|:t/ af6 :jtGq x'g] OR5fsf] j]bgf vKg afWo u/ fpg] klg ltdL g} t xf} . km]l/ klg cg]sf}+ ofd;Fu} lg/ Gt/ d ;lx/ x]5', lj/ f]wx? aLraf6} cgj/ t lxl8/ x]5' . t/ dnfO{ yfxf 5– log} 6s/ fjsf l´Nsfl´NsL b[Zox?df ltdL / dfO/ x]sf 5f} . a?, st} ltdLnfO{ d]/ f] w/ tL;Fu :ju{ ;f6\g] / x/ ghfu"g\ eGg] sfdgf ul/ / x]5' lsgls dnfO{ sd{lagf g} k"hfdf aln r9]/ kfPsf] a/ bfgsf] Oltxf; d~h'/ 5}g .

dnfO{ nfU5, gbL´}+ nofTds w/ tLsf] JolStTj clg ltdLn] ;f]r]eGbf klg pTs[i6 dfG5]sf] snfTds hLjgaf6 klg ltdL ca t ;f]x|} cfgf df]lxt 5f} . oxfF w/ tLsf] Pp6f ;'b"/ s'gfdf gbLlsgf/ sf] ‰ofndf a;]/ cfOafhf]A:sL gbLs} ljleGg df];gx?sf lrq sf]l/ / x]5g\ . Eofguu af/ Ld} uP/ ;"o{d'vL km"nsf lrq sf]l/ / x]5g\ . dg'hafa' sNkgfsf] jfo'kª\vL 3f]8fdf a;]/ sf]7fs} cfsfzaf6 ;a} nf]ssf] s'?ktf a6'n]/ :ju{nfO{ r'gf}lt lbb} ;'Gb/ s'?k lrq sf]l/ / x]5g\ . ltdL Ps 6s nufP/ ax'n/ ª\uL Uofn/ Lh:tf] ;'?lrk"0f{ w/ tL cjnf]sg ul/ / x]5f} . x]bf{x]b}{ gbLdfq xf]Og gbLsf lrqx?df klg ltd|f] k|]d a:b} uPsf] d}n] yfxf kfPF . af/ Lsf ;"o{d"vL km"ndfq xf]Og ;"o{d'vL lrqx?n] klg ltdLnfO{ ´g} df]lxt kf/ ]sf] d}n] yfxf kfPF . dg'hafa'sf lrqx?n] t ´g\ :ju{sf] ;'vb\ cg'e"lteGbf klg k/ :ju{sf] ;tx g} xlNnPsf] ltdLn] dx;'; ul/ / x]sf] d}n] yfxf kfPF . h?/ oltv]/ ltdL cfˆgf] sdhf]/ Ldf dl;t nlHht 5f} .

km]l/ hLjgsf] e|d lbP/ d[To'b08sf] >fk lbg] ltdLnfO{ s] yfxf < d[To' lglZrt eO;s]sf] JolStsf dxª\uf Un]d/ ; knx?===Û ltdL wtL{sf] h'g} s'gf hfpm– htftt} hLjGt Un]d/ x? 5l/ Psf 5g\ . st} 3[0ffsf] jzdf klg k|]dsf cft'/ tfx? df}nfPsf 5g\ . 3[0ffs} hudf ;[lht ljZjs} pTs[i6 dxfsfJo h:tf] o'4df b'a} xft u'dfPkl5 klg pgsf] km/ flsnf] 5ftLsf] k"0f{ cFufnf]df pgsL k|]ldsf slt cfNxflbt x'lG5g\ Û Tof] ltd|f] sNkgfeGbf aflx/ sf] / f]df~rstf xf] . lsgls k|]dsf] cftª\saf6 g t ltdL cj;flbt 5f} g t cfNxflbt g} 5f} . To;}n] dnfO{ yfxf 5– oltv]/ ltdLleq k|mLh ePsf] :ju{, h?/ w/ tLk|ltsf] k|lZgn OGb|]0fL lh1f;fn] leqleq} klUn/ x]5 . s] yfxf ;fob, lxdgbL }́+ la:tf/ }–la:tf/ } :ju{ t w/ tLlt/ } alu/ x]5 ls Û

cflv/ v:g] t dfly cfsfzdf / xg] g} xf] . lsgls w/ tL;Fu u'?TjfsÈ{0f zlSt 5 . t/ :ju{;Fu s'g} To:tf] hfb"do cfsÈ{0f 5}g\ . h;n] w/ tLnfO{ cfslÈ{t ug{ ;sf];\ / cfˆgf] 5ftLdf k|]dn] 6fF:g

;sf];\ . km]l/ o;} w/ tLsL kfl/ hftsL d'8'nL ;sDa/ Lsf] ;'Gb/ tf, pgsf lgsf]l6gn] kx]+lnPsf cf}+nfx?sf] ;'Gb/ tf ;w}+ ;sDa/ Ls} ;kgf b]Vg] ;'of]ujL/ n] eGbf a9\tf c? s;}n] t dx;'; ug{ ;Sb}g eg] ltdL s] dx;'; ug{ ;sf}nf Û cflv/ ltd|f] z"Godf ;kgfsf] oyfy{ hu g} sxfF / xG5 / Û

;TotM w/ tLsf nflu kfgL af]Sg c;dy{ tL k/ flht afbnsf] ´'KkfnfO{ c:jLs[t u/ ]/ cfsfzsf] a'6\6]bf/ ;f}Gbo{ u'dfpg grfxg] w/ tLjf;Lsf] df}g lx:;Laf6 ltdL cgle1 g} 5f} . lsgls w/ tLsf] cg b :k6 / f}gstfaf6 a]va/ ltdL sf]nfxnn] 5f8]kl5 PsfGt :jod\ klg slt lgof:l/ G5 Û r~rn afbnn] 5f8]kl5 cfsfz klg slt pbfl;G5 Û lg/ ;–lg/ ; Û ?kljxLg ÛÛ ;ª\uLtljxLg ÛÛÛ s] ltdLn] dx;'; u/ ]sf 5f} < x'g ;S5 a?, w/ tLnfO{ ef}lts 7fgL ltdL cxd\n] k|ydtM w/ tL g} c:jLs[t u5f}{ . t/ w/ tL c:jLs[t ubf{ w/ tLsf] ;'Gb/ tf of cfWoflTdstf g} c:jLs[t x'g] ;Toaf6 klg ltdL cgle1 g} 5f} ;fob Û km]l/ d}n] u'gu'gfPsf] w/ tLsf] ;ª\uLt cfWoflTds 7fgL ;xh :jLs[t u5f}{, ;fob Û t/ To;f] ubf{ klg ck|ToÔtM w/ tLs} ef}ltstf :jLs[t x'g] ;Toaf6 klg t ltdL cgle1 g} 5f} . oyfy{df ltdL k/ dfgGbsf] kÔdf jsfnt ug]{ zlSt xf} . t/ oltv]/ ltd|f] cgle1tfdf pn]{sf bofsf kª\lSta4 cd's nx/ x? ltdL d]/ f cfFvfdf k9\g ;S5f} .

a?, 5f8 oL ;a s'/ fx? Û ljrf/ / ts{x? Û 5f8, ts{sf ;f/ f ;~hfnx? 5f8 Û hxfF s'g} k|Llts/ kx]nLx? 5}gg\, cfgGbsf s'g} ?lrs/ / ª\ux? 5}gg\ . o;}n] s]jn dx;'; u/ , dfq dx;'; u/ . cflv/ w/ tL;Fu a9]sf] ltd|f] nufj s'g} kf7sx?af6 l5k]sf] 5}g .

– x]nf] Û s] dnfO{ ;'Gb} 5f} ltdL Û– h?/ Û ;'Gg' dfq xf]Og, ltdL / ltd|f] w/ tLk|lt

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cFWof/ f]sf] n'sfdf/ Ld} / f]dfl~rt d]/ f] lk|o w/ tLdf ltdLnfO{ ;k|]d lgdGq0ff ul/ / x]5'=== Û

– To;f] xf]Og hL Û a?, ;a}eGbf / fd|f] ;dfwfg d]/ f] :ju{ / ltd|f] w/ tL g} ;f6f;f6 u/ f}+ .

– t/ dnfO{ s'g} :ju{ rflxPg . dnfO{ ltdLn] dfg]sf] g/ s?kL cfˆg} w/ tLs} b'Mv Kof/ f] 5 . km]l/ d gf/ L x'F . gf/ L t w/ tLs} ?k xf] eG5g\ . dfgf}+ ltdL k'?È / ltd|f] :ju{ k'?È;'vsf] ;ª\s]t g} lsg gxf];\ . ltdLnfO{ ltdL / ltd|f] :ju{sf] ;§fdf d / d]/ f] w/ tL ldn] klg of dnfO{ d / d]/ f] ;§fdf ltdL / ltd|f] :ju{ g} ldn] klg of] a|Xdf08df xfdL b'a} cw'/ f] / xg]5f}+ . :ju{ / g/ s b'a} cw'/ f] / xg]5 . lsgls :ju{ / g/ s cyf{t\ :ju{ / g/ s;Da4 ;f/ f ;Tox? s'g} / ª\u, wd{ of kf6L{ut kl/ ro geP/ b'a} pHofnf] / cFWof/ f]´}+ of gf/ L / k'?È´}+ Pscsf{sf k"/ s x'g\– rfx] 3l6t oyfy{ xf];\ of dfGotf xf];\ Û km]l/ cfTdxTof ug]{ dfG5]n] klg d[To'sf] d'vdf k:g} nfUbf k'gM lhGbuLsf] ;LdfGt k|oTg u/ ]h:t} xfdL klg pxL klx/ f] hfg} nfu]sf] k|Zgx?sf] kxf8d'lGt/ eP lg cf–cfˆg} df}lns cl:tTjsf] k|oTg u/ f}+ Û ;Dk"0ff]{Gd'v xf]cf}+ ÛÛ cflv/ lj/ f]wL ;Tox?sf] klg Ps} kl/ wLo ;xcl:tTjlagf ;f/ f–;f/ f c;Dej / cw'/ f] 5g\ .

nfU5, k|]d–3[0ff of ljZjf;–cljZjf;k"0f{ cl:tTjdf / xgsf nflu s]jn cfkm}k|ltsf] :jLs[lt / Pscsf{k|ltsf] nufj g} sfkmL x'g]5 . o;y{df g} k|flKteGbf klg k===/ k/ xfd|f] k|]dsf] ;'jf; ;a}lt/ km}lnpmg\ Û

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k'lu;s]sf 5g\ . / eljiodf o;sf] cj:yf s] x'g] eGg] lrGtfsf] ljifo aGb} uPsf] 5 . xfdL xfd|f] ;+:s[lt lgs} wgL 5 eg]/ eG5f}+ . xfd|f] ;+:s[lt eg]/ uj{ klg u5f}+ . t/ xfd|f] df}lnstf x|f; x'Fb} uPsf] s'/ fk|lt uDeL/ gx'g' 7"nf] lj8Dagf xf] . o;sf] vf; sf/ 0f afXo ;+:s[ltsf] k|efj g} xf] . t/ xfd|} ;+:s[ltk|lt ?lr g/ fVg'df xfdL bf]ifLsf] efuLbf/ xf}+ . clxn] ljleGg hflt, ;d'bfosf] ldl>t a;fOsf sf/ 0f klg xfd|f] ;+:s[lt ldl>t ;+:s[ltsf] ?kdf ?kfGtl/ t x'Fb}5 . afXo ;+:s[ltsf] k|efj klg plQs} kb}{ uPsf] 5 . c?sf] ;+:s[lt cFufNg' x'Fb}g eGg] s'/ f xf]Og . cfˆgf] dfq} 7Ls eGg] klg xf]Og . o;n] cltjfb hGdfpF5 . cltjfbn] lje]b, cx+sf/ / åGå lgDTofpg ;S5 . sltko ;+:s[lt t / fd|f klg x'g ;S5g\ . t/ c?sf] dfq} / fd|f] b]Vg] ;+:sf/ eg] / fd|f] xf]Og . xfdL clxn];Dd oxL lgot ef]lu/ x]sf 5f}+ . xfdL xfd|} ;+:s[ltleq / fd|f] / unt s'/ f s]nfpg ;Sg] Ifdtf / fVg ;Sg'k5{ . xfd|f] ;+:s[ltleq / x]sf df}lnstf xfd|f] lghL klxrfg xf] . hxfF xfd|f] snf, / Lltl/ jfh, rfnrng, njfO–vjfO, ;+:sf/ / hLjg k2lt;Fu ;DalGwt x'G5 .

oxfF yf? hfltsf] …asf{ gfrÚsf] af/ ]df rrf{ ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 . of] gfr yf? hfltsf] …x/ ]/ LÚ k"hfkl5 gflrG5 / ltxf/ kl5 ljlwjt\ k"hf u/ ]/ cGTo ul/ G5 . ls;fgn] nufPsf] afnLgfnL ;lk|of];\, ls/ f km6\ofª\u|f gnfu"g\, hdLgdf pa{/ f zlQm a9f];\ / pTkfbgdf a[l4 xf];\ eGg] hgljZjf;df ul/ g] …x/ ]/ LÚ k"hf k|foM ebf}+ dlxgfdf x'G5 . of] k"hfeGbf klxn] …asf{ gfrÚsf] gfddf uLt ufpg / dfbn, emfn–s:6f/ ahfpg gkfOg] k/ Dk/ fut lgod 5 . dxfef/ t syfdf cfwl/ t yf? k'/ f0f …asL{df/ Ú uLtdf gflrg] of] gfr k'?ifx?n] gfRg] ;fd'lxs gfr xf] . k|f/ lDes r/ 0fdf of] gfr dfbnsf] @@ tfndf gflrP klg clxn] ;Lldt tfndf dfq gfRg] u/ ]sf] kfOG5 . dfbn ahfpg] dfbn]x?n] g} ahfpg] tfn lal;{Pkl5 of] ;d:of b]vf k/ ]sf] xf] .

o;sf] P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld x]g]{ xf] eg] bfªsf] b]pv'/ L -:yfgLo efiffdf Bf}v/ _ sf] uf]a/ l8xf uflj;cGtu{t kg]{ dxb]jf ufpFaf6 ;'? ePsf] kfOG5 . lj=;+= !(&* ;fndf gf/ fo0fk|;fb rf}w/ Lsf] g]t[Tjsf] 6f]nLsf] k|of;df klxnf] cEof; ul/ Psf] lyof] . of] gfr dxfef/ t syfnfO{ cWoog u/ L d'ª\u|f -u8f_ lnP/ gflrof] / oxL k/ fDk/ fn] g} clxn];Dd lg/ Gt/ tf kfof] . gfrdf …asL{df/ Ú uLt ufP/ gflrG5 . t/ …asL{df/ Ú s;n] / Rof] / slxn] / rgf ul/ of] eGg] ljifosf] eg] clxn];Dd cflwsfl/ s hfgsf/ L km]nf k/ ]sf] 5}g . To;f] t yf? ;d'bfosf clwsf+z l;h{gfx? df}lvs?kd} k':tfGt/ 0f x'Fb} cfP . o;/ L df}lvs k':tfGt/ 0f x'Fbf jf:tljs l;h{gfsf/ cf]em]n kg]{ u/ ]sf] b]lvG5 .

g]kfnL ;flxTosf] z'?jft g]kfn PsLs/ 0fkl5 ePsf] dflgG5 . To;}tfsf lj=;+= !*@% ;fndf k|sfl;t ;'jfgGb bf;sf] …k[YjLgf/ fo0f zfxÚ zLif{ssf] sljtfnfO{ klxnf] cf}krfl/ s ;flxTo dflgG5 . yf? efiff ;flxTosf] cf}krfl/ s ;flxTo n]vgsf] tYo hfgsf/ L aflx/ cfPsf] 5}g . oBlk ljifoj:t'sf] lx;fan] x]g]{ xf] eg] of] uLt klg To;} ;dosf] ;]/ f]km]/ f]df / lrPsf] cg'dfg nufpg ;lsG5 . lsgeg] k|s[ltk'hs yf? hfltsf] k"hfkf7, rf8kj{, / Llt, ;+:s[ltnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] k|foM lxGb" wd{;Fu d]n vfFb}g . snf, ;+:s[lt, / xg;xg / k|s[ltk|lt cTolws ljZjf; ug]{ x'gn] …k|fs[tÚ wd{ g} yf? hfltsf] k|frLg wd{ xf] eGg] wf/ 0ff klg hgdfg;df 5 . g]kfn PsLs/ 0fkl5 Ps efiff, Ps wd{ / Ps gLlt nfu";Fu} oxfFsf yf?nufot cGo cflbjf;L hghfltx?nfO{ klg

lxGb"s/ 0f ul/ Psf] b]lvG5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf yf?x? klg cfkm" lxGb" / x]sf] eGg]x?sf] ;+Vof klg 7"nf] 5 . o;}sf] k|efj x'g;S5 yf? ;d'bfodf klg lxGb" u|Gy / ldysx?;Fu ;DalGwt s]xL uLtx? l;h{gf ePsf] kfOG5 . …asL{df/ Ú klg dxlif{ j]bJof;åf/ f / lrt lxGb" wd{u|Gy dxfef/ tsf] cg'jflbt …yf? k'/ f0fÚ xf] . o;sf/ 0f …asL{df/ Ú klg g]kfnL ;flxTosf] k|fyldssfn -lj=;+= !*)!–!($)_ df / rgf ul/ Psf] x'g'k5{ . asf{ gfrdf uLteGbf dfbnsf] k|wfgtf x'G5 . uLt ufOP klg dfbnsf] tfndf u8f h'wfpg] / zl/ / sf] xfpefp klg o;n] lgwf{/ 0f u5{ . u8f -uhf_ lnP/ gfRg] ePsf]n] of] gfr dxfef/ tdf pNn]lvt s'?If]qsf] n8fOFsf] emns lbG5 .

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agf/ ;df g} g]kfnL 5fqx?sf] ljz]if hfu?stf a9]sf] lyof] . @)!$–!% ;fnlt/ ToxfF …bfª–Ko'7fg 5fqd08nÚ u7g ePsf] lyof] . To;df slj klys bªfnL ljBfyL{df Ps k|efjzfnL JolQmTj lyP . o; …d08nÚn] …;Gb]zÚ klqsf k|sfzgdf Nofof]] . klys To;sf kf7s klg lyP . pgn] )!$ df …;Gb]zÚ df g} …sljÚ zLif{ssf] lgaGw k|sflzt u/ ] . of] pgsf] k|yd k|sflzt / rgf xf] .

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pgsf km'6s/ n]vx?;lxt w]/ } s[ltx? ck|sflzt cj:yfdf 5g\ . …kfOn} kfOnfÚ sljtf;+u|x @)^& df k|sflzt ePsf] xf] . nfdf] ;dokl5 k|sflzt s[ltsf/ sf ?kdf lrlgg] pgsf] n]vsLo ljz]iftf rflx+ dfgjLo 5 . …clvn g]kfn–;flxTo k|ltof]lutfÚ agf/ ;df …ljZjk|]dÚ zLif{ssf] sljtfdf t[tLo eO{ Ps ;zQm k'/ fgf n]vssf ?kdf pgL lrlgPsf x'g\ . hGd lhNnf ?s'db]lv bfª;Ddsf] ;flxlTos ;+3;+:yf / dxfljBfno;d]taf6 cleglGbt–k'/ :s[t 5g\ >Ls[i0f . xfn bfªsf ;flxlTos lqmofsnfk / ;+:yfx?df cfj4 5g\ pgL . To;f] eP klg pgsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos rrf{ ePsf] kfOb}g . ctM oyf;Dej pgsf] JolQmTj :ki6 x'g] u/ L ;fdfGo rrf{sf ;fy s]xL k|Zgsf pQ/ x?nfO{ oxfF k|:t't ug{] k|of; ufl/ Psf] 5 . -x]g'{;\ aS;_

pko'{Qm k|Zgf]Q/ x? pgsf] hLjgk|lt kl/ nlIft 5g\ . …kfOn} kfOnfÚ sljtf;+u|x klg kl/ kSj lrGtgsf] Ps pbfx/ 0f xf] .

)& kl5 )%& cyf{t\ krf; jif{kl5 k'gM n]vgsfo{df pT;'s slj klys 5 bh{geGbf a9L / rgfsf ;fy …kfOn} kfOnfÚ sljtf;+u|xdf cleJoQm ePsf 5g\ . o; ;+u|xsf] ljifo;"rLdf g} cfkm\gf s[ltsf] af"8kmf"8 u/ L :ki6 kfl/ Psf] 5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ -!_ / fhgLlt / bz{gsf sljtf -@_ / fi6«k]|d;aGwL sljtf -#_ hLjg;DaGwL sljtf -$_ k|s[lt;DaGwL -%_ dgf]lj1fg;DaGwL sljtf . o;/ L s[ltsf af/ ]df hfgsf/ L lbg] sljn] sljtfsf] / rgfsfn eg] v'nfPsf 5}gg\ . pgsf / rgfdf ljz]iftfM :ki6f]lQm 5 . cfkm"n] ef]u]sf] b]z–;dfh–;+:s[lt / tghGo kL8f clg v'zL;d]t JoQm ul/ lbg' pgsf] ljz]iftf xf] . ctM ljb|f]xldl>t oyfy{ g} sljsf] k|j[lQ ag]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf ck|sflzt cGo s[ltx? rfF8} k|sfzgdf Nofpg ;s]df pgsf] JolQmTjdf ljz]if cfsif{0f ylkg] lyof] . cfkm\gf s[ltdf slj >Ls[i0fn] JoQm u/ ]sf ljrf/ x? o;k|sf/ 5g\–

;flxTo cf:yfsf] kbf{df xf]OgdfG5]n] dfG5]nfO{ lbPsf] 7"nf] pkxf/ xf] .Ú

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tkfO{+n] @)!& cl3b]lvsf] ;doaf6 n]Vg yfNg'ePsf] xf] h:tf] nfU5 . ;fdfGo?kdf To; ;dosf] n]vg ultljlwnfO{ a'́ fOlbg'xf];\ .

;flxTo n]vg @))& ;fnsf] qmflGtsf] kl/ j]zb]lv g} z'? zPsf] b]lvG5 . cf–cfˆgf sfnv08df klqsfx?n] ;flxlTos o'usf] lgdf{0f ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . @)!) ;fnb]lv @)!# ;Dd k|sflzt k|ult / OGb|]0fL klqsfn] k|of]ujfbL sljtfsf] wf/ ;dfn]sf lyP eg] c? klqsfx?n] klg cf–cfkm\gf] cleofg z'? u/ ]sf lyP . @)#^ ;fnb]lv @)$^ ;fn;Ddsf] Ps bzsnfO{ k|hftGqf]Gd'v o'u eGg ;lsG5 . tL; bzssf slj hdftnfO{ k"j{jtL{ ;d;fdlos sljsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

tkfOFsf] k|yd k|sflzt / rgfsf] zLif{s / klqsf s'g xf] <g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?df )!$÷!% ;fnlt/ agf/ ;df ;flxTos

kqklqsf k|sfzg ug{] nx/ rn]sf] lyof] . z'?df k"jf{~rnaf6 efiffzf:qL afns[i0f kf]v/ ]nsf] ;Dkfbgdf gf}nf] kfOnf], klZrdf~rnaf6 lzjk|;fb e§/ fO{ kfNkf, O{Zj/ Lk|;fb cfrfo{, s]z/ dl0f, kßf/ fh zdf{ cflbsf] ;Dkfbgdf …pHh]nLÚ gfds klqsf k|sfzg eof] . bfª–Ko"7fg 5fqd08ntkm{af6 …;Gb]zÚ klqsf ;~rfng ul/ of] . hghfu/ 0fsf] pTs[i6 gd"gf p2]Zo / fv]/ k|sflzt of] / fKtL c~rnsf] klxnf] P]ltxfl;s klqsf lyof] . o;}df d]/ f] klxnf] s[lt …sljÚ lgaGw k|sflzt ePsf] xf] .

jt{dfgdf / fKtL c~rnsf] jt{dfg ultljlwnfO{ 5f]6s/ Ldf a'́ fOlbg'xf];\ .

g]kfnL ;flxTosf] cj:yf Ps zts jif{ k'Ug yfn]sf] 5, lsgeg] ;flxTo ;dfhsf] P]gf xf] . g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ;Eotf x]/ ]/ xfdL k|f/ lDes cj:yfdf 5f}+ . j}rfl/ s ;dfhdf ljljwtf 5, a}rfl/ s u'6aGbL / åGå 5 . ;flxTodf gofF cfofd, gofF–gofF wf/ x? b]lvPsf 5g\ . ljutdf eGbf clxn] ;flxTodf k|ult ePs} 5 . t/ ;flxlTos If]qdf / fHo / ;dfh kIfn] hf] ?lr lnP/ ug{'kg{] xf] Tof] cjZo ePsf] 5}g .

o;} ;Gbe{df / fKtL c~rnsf] cj:yfaf/ ] s]xL pNn]v ug{ rfxG5' . / fKtL c~rn g]kfnL ;flxTosf] cToGt dlnnf] 7fpF xf] . efiffefifL, hfthfltdf ljljwtf eP klg g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ult / cj:yfdf ;'wf/ x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .

cf~rlnstfsf] k|of]utfsf] ;fy} / fli6«o sfo{qmdx? x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . oxfFsf ;flxTosf/ x?sf] ;lqmotf / ;flxlTos sfo{qmdnfO{ sd cfFSg ;lsb}g . ;Nofg, / f]Nkf, ?s'd, Ko'7fg, bfªdf dxfslj b]jsf]6fsf] ;Gbe{df a[xt\ ;flxlTos sfo{qmdx? ePsf 5g\ .

/ fhgLlt / ;flxTonfO{ s;/ L x]g'{x'G5 < cfkm\gf] b[li6nfO{ cf}+Noflbg'xf];\ .

/ fhgLlt / ;flxTosf] cGt;{Daw bfz{lgs k|Zg xf] . o; af/ ]df ljleGg yl/ sf ax; x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . snf, snfsf] nflu xf], :jfGt ;'vfo xf], / fhgLlt lg/ k]If x'G5, snf hLjgsf] nflu xf], ;:tf] dgf]/ ~hgsf nflu x'Fb}g, of] / fhgLlt;Fu hf]l8Psf] x'G5 eG5g\ . b]zdf cGofo, cTofrf/ , xTof–lx+;f eO/ x]sf] a]nf km"n / eFj/ fsf] uLt n]v]/ x'Fb}g . ;do;fk]If ;flxTo n]lvg'k5{ . d'lQmsf nflu OGsnfa lhGbfjfb eGb} )^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngdf ;|i6fx? Psj4 ePsf lyP . To;}n] dnfO{ nfU5 g]kfnsf] kl/ k|]Ifdf klg ;flxTo / / fhgLltsf] cGt;{DaGw :ki6 ePsf] 5 .

pQ/ cfw'lgstfsf] dd{nfO{ s;/ L x]g{'x'G5 < cfˆgf] b[li6nfO{ cf}+NofOlbgxf];\ .

pQ/ cfw'lgs sfnv08sf] k|f/ lDes ;Ldfª\sg lglZrt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljleGg ljåfgn] cnu–cnu ljrf/ lbPsf 5g\ . h]xf];\ pQ/ cfw'lgstfsf] k|efj If]q Jofks / x]sf] 5 . ;flxTo, snf, bz{g, efiff, 6LeL, rnlrq cflb x/ ]s If]qnfO{ pQ/ cfw'lgstfn] k|efj kf/ ]sf] 5 . t;y{ gjdfS;{jfb, gjJojxf/ jfb, ljlgdf{0fjfb, gf/ Ljfb / pQ/ ;+/ rgfjfbnfO{ ;d]6]/ ;fd"lxs?kdf b]lvPsf] gjLg k|j[lQnfO{ cfw'lgsjfb eGb5g\ . pQ/ cfw'lgs ;flxTon] ;To w]/ } 5g\ eGg] wf/ 0ff / fV5 . ;To kl/ jt{gzLn 5 eGg] dfGotf o;sf] 5 .

/ fKtL c~rnsf] ;]/ f]km]/ f]df ;flxlTos ultljlw / n]vgsf] d"Nof+sg s;/ L ug{'x'G5 <

s]xL jif{otf / fKtL c~rnsf] ;]/ f]km]/ f]df x'g] ;flxlTos ultljlwdf cfhsf] t'ngfdf lgs} clej[l4 ePsf] 5 . ;|i6fx?sf nflu ljljw l;h{gfTds sfo{qmdx?n] gjf]lbt k|ltefnfO{ cl3 a9\g] k|]/ 0ff lbPsf] 5 . cfd kf7sn] cfkm\gf] l;h{gfTds k|ltefnfO{ phfu/ ug{] df}sf kfPsf 5g\ . / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\ bfª, n]vs ;+3, k|ultzLn n]vs ;+3, bfª ;flxTo tyf ;+:s[lt k|lti7fg, bfª–b]pv'/ L ;flxTo ;+:s[lt d~r / c? lhNnfsf bh{gf}+ lqmofzLn ;+3;+:yfn] ;dfh lgdf{0fdf dxTjk"0f{ k|efj kf/ ]sf 5g\ . ablnbf] kl/ l:yltdf dfG5]sf] hLjgz}nLdf kl/ jt{g ePs} 5 . ljleGg ;d"xdf cnu–cnu sfo{qmdx? j}rfl/ s cf:yfcg';f/ dgfOg] u/ ]sf] b]lvG5 . ;fj{hlgs?kdf lglZrt Jofs p2]Zo lbP/ ug{'kg{]df nIfd'vL ;flxlTos ;fwgfsf] cefjn] ubf{ sfo{qmd c;kmn ePsf] b]lvG5 .

s] bªfnL ;|i6fx? vf;:t/ Lo cj:yfdf cjl:yt 5g\ < cyjf Tof] :t/ df k'u]/ klg cj;/ kfPsf 5}gg\ <

bªfnL ;|i6fx?sf] ;lqmotf / ;flxlTos ultljlwnfO{ sd cfFSg ;lsb}g . ;flxTodf lxhf] cfhsf] t'ngfdf ;+VofTds?kn] clej[l4 ePs} 5 . bªfnL ;|i6fx?n] ;dfg cj;/ kfP tfklg u'0ffTds?kn] :t/ j[l4 ePsf] eGg ldNb}g . cfd kf7sn] l;h{gfTds df}sf kfP tfklg cfkm"nfO{ phfu/ ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

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o;/ L hLjghutsf ljljw kIfx?df slj >Ls[i0fsf ljrf/ x? 5l/ Psf 5g\ . / rgfx? s]xL 5GbfTds s]xL d'Qm / k|foM uB ;+/ rgfdf cfa4 5g\ . k|To]s sljtf rf]l6nf] cleJolQm ag]sf] 5 . jt{dfgsf] c:ki6, lSni6tf, k|ltsfTdstfaf6 d'Qm x'"b} slj klys ljz]iftM clewfTds efiff–z}nLdf k|:t't ePsf 5g\ eg] of] s[lt ;dfh / kl/ l:yltnfO{ oyf?k lrq0f ug{ ;Ifd b]lvG5 .w

;flxlTos /rgfdf cfkm"n] ef]u]sf] b]z, ;dfh, ;+:s[lt / tghGo kL8f clg v'zL JoQm ul/lbg' klyssf] ljz]iftf xf] .

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xftel/ / ftf km"n . km"nh:t} / QmfDo al7Gof . :jfutsf nflu plePsf pgLx? . / ft} Anfph b]Vbf nfUYof] oxfFsf] jftfj/ 0f g} nfnLu'/ fF;do 5 . sfnf] skfn . ;]tf bfFt . dL7f] d':sfg . Gofgf]

:jfut . alb{ofsf] 8Nnf ufpF k'Ubf kfPsf] ?dfgL jftfj/ 0f / Gofgf] :jfutsf] If0f lyof] of] . ToxfF k'Ug] dflg;x? eGbfx'g\, pgLx? km"n / d ed/ f eP/ oxL+ 7fpFdf hlGdg kfpF .

nfdf] ;dob]lv 8Nnf ufpF k'u]/ / dfpg] / x/ sf] d':nf] k"/ f xF'bfsf] If0fsf] ;Demgf lyof] of] . Tof] / demd ;fFem . Tof] Gofgf] cfltYo / ;Tsf/ . Tof] eJo / dfOnf] jftfj/ 0f . ysfOsf aLrdf klg Tolta]nf of] dgdf pGdfbLn] a's'{;L dfl/ / x]sf] lyof] .

Sofd]/ f nf} bfO kmf]6f] lvr t Û / ]l8of] dWoklZrdsf ;Dkfbs lgd';+ud efOn] eGbf kf] d t Tof] dGqd'Uwtfaf6 em;ª\u ePF . s]6f] t tL km"n b]v]/ b+u kb}{ kmf]6f lvRg kf] k'u]sf] / x]5 .

df]/ fnfO{ km"n t b]Vg} gx'g] . hxfF klg lx/ f] aG5 . dgdg} 8fx u/ ] klg af]Ng g;s]/ kmf]6f] lvr]+ p;sf] / tL :jfutsf nflu a;]sf gfgLx?sf] . lvlrSs . lvlrSs . p;n] lwt d?Gh]n kmf]6f] lvr]kl5 aNn d]/ f] kfnf] cfof] .

e|d0fdf uPsf ;a}n] kfn}kfnf] kmf]6f] lvRof}+ . cla/ / km"nsf] Gofgf] :jfut lnof}+ . df6f]sf] s?jfsf] kfgL lkof+} .

zLtn df};d . zLtn atf; . pv/ dfpnf] / x/ . Gofgf] cfltYotf . ljho pT;jh:tf] lyof] Tof] If0f . nfdf] ;dokl5 Ps} kl/ jf/ e]6 ePh:tf] . tfgftfg . xfFl;dhfs . 8NnfufpFsf afl;Gbf / xfdL t Ps} kl/ jf/ h:tf . ;w}+sf lrgf?h:tf . Ps}l5gdf 3'nldn . / dfOnf] . dHhfsf] jftfj/ 0f .

bfªsf] ?l6g lhGbuLaf6 km/ s kf/ v ug{ 8NnfufpF lx8]sf xfdL kqsf/ sf nflu of] vf]/ sf] uf]? km'sfPsf] If0fh:t} lyof] . h]=Pg=, k|bLk, lgd';+ud / dh:tf …8gÚx? ePkl5 c? s] rflxof] / / dfOnf] ug{nfO{ . …;xfos 8gÚx? t Ps ;] Ps hf]l8OxfNg] . syfsf] d"nkf7df ;xfos syf t slt hf]l8G5 slt . ;+;f/ ;Fu g} afn x'Fb}g of] ;d"xnfO{ .

8NnfufpF k'Ug] d]/ f] / x/ sf] ltvf{ dfq d]l6Pg . lh1f;fx? klg Pskl5 csf]{ pn]{/ hfu]sf lyP . alb{ofsf] 7fs'/ åf/ f k'Ug] w]/ } cfGtl/ s tyf afXo ko{6sx? gjLgtfsf] kf/ v t u/ ]sf xf]nfg\ t/ Ps ns{gsf] 8NnfufpF gk'u]sfx? ysysfpg'sf] ljsNk 5}g . dnfO{ o:t} eof] .

…gugL k};f g/ fVg", g 5fdL kf]sf gkfg"{Ú eGg] a"9fa"9Lsf] pvfg g;Dem]/ w]/ } g;f]rL 8NnfufpF k'Ug] of] / x/ sf] kf]sf] eJo / x]5 eGg] 8NnfufpF k'u];L yfxf eof] . 8NnfufpF cgsG6f/ df n's]/ a;]sL cK;/ fh:tf] xf] . of] Wofg:y a:tL . tTj1fg vf]lh/ x]sf] 5 . oxfF k'u]kl5 r/ fsf ;'Gb/ ;'/ / atf;sf] tfn;Fu rf}aL;} 306f dg

gflr/ xG5 . xfjfn] s'Ts'TofO/ xG5 . r/ fx? uLt ufO/ xG5g\ . ls/ fx?n] d'r'{ª\uf ahfO/ xG5g\ .

;"o{k6'jf uflj; j8f g+= $ alb{ofsf] of] 8Nnf ufpF . xfOj]b]lv !* lsld 6f9f k5{ . vftf sl/ 8f]/ cGtu{t of] h}ljsdfu{ h}ljs ljljwtfn] cg'kd:yn xf] . oxfF yf? afx'Notf / x]sf] 5 . ul/ a yf? / x]sf] of] a:tLnfO{ klxnf–klxnf lgotn] dfq 7u]g k|s[ltn] klg lbg';Dd b'Mv lbof] . xfn wg, dfg, ;Ddfg lbPsf] Psl;ª\u] u}+8fn] klxn] ToxfFsf afl;Gbfsf hLpwg;d]t lnof] . slt cª\ueª\u eP . sltsf] 3/ af/ phf8 eof] . sltn] hf]8L / cleefjs u'dfpg'k¥of] . af3sf] cfqmd0f ;xg'k¥of] .

pgLx? Tolta]nf w]/ } v';L eP, hlta]nf t:s/ n] åGåsf] kmfObf p7fpFb} &) j6f u}+8f df/ ] . t/ , cfh pgLx?nfO{ ysysL 5 . hfg]kl5 of] u}+8f wg, dfg, ;Ddfg / OHht / x]5 :yfgLon] eg] . klxn] t zq' d¥of] eg]/ v';L eOof] . klxnf–klxnf u}+8f dfbf{ klg g?g] pgLx?sf] dg clxn] eg] Pp6f hLj dfbf{ klg d'6'sf] 6'qmf sf6] em}+ dfGb5g\ .

oxfFsf afl;Gbf xfn xf]d:6]dfkm{t\ k|s[lt tyf ;+:s[lt ;+/ If0f / lhljsf]kfh{gdf ;lqmo 5g\ . xfn / f]huf/ L / h+unL hgfj/ sf] åGåsf sf/ 0f sf]xL klg b]z k|b]z hfFb}gg\ . v]tLkftL / hLjg / Iffsf nflu aGb's af]s]/ / fte/ hfu|fd a:b}gg\ . a? pgLx? b]zLlab]zLx?;Fu / ft latfpF5g\ . ljZjsf dflg; / pgLx?sf af/ ]df 3/ d} a;]/ l;Sg] df}sf kfPsf 5g\ .

xfdL klg 8NnfufpF k'u]kl5 ;fd'bflos ;ef xndf kl/ ro / lgod ;'Gof}+ . To;kl5 nUof+} cf–cfˆgf] af;:yfglt/ . xfd|f] xftdf lyof] 3/ g+= % . xfd|f] ?6 ufO8 lyOg\ / fwf rf}w/ L . 3/ df pgsf cnfjf (% jifL{of a"9L cfdf t]qL y?gL . a'af zfGt/ fd yf? . cfdf ;'hL{ yf? . bfO dx]zs'df/ rf}w/ L . a}gLx? k|]ldsf / k|ltIff clg efph" ld/ f / ebf l;/ ; . h]Pg / d To; lbgsf kl/ jf/ ag]/ k'Uof}+ .

xfdLnfO{ ToxfF kfl/ jfl/ s jftfj/ 0f ldNof] . a"9fa"9Lsf cg'ej ;'Gof}+ . tGg]/ L;Fu / dfOnf] 7§f ub}{ nf]sn 7/ f{ / nf]sn efn] lnof}+ . yfs]sf] Hofg . nf]snsf] / Gsf] . v';LofnL . rª\uf dg . eft vfP/ ;'t]sf] kQ} ePg .

s'v'/ fn] laxfg af]nfP . hdLgdf zLt 5kSs . r/ fx? ufO/ x]sf . ?vx? gflr/ x]sf . ;fFem ufpF / h+un x]g{ kfOPsf] lyPg . gfª\nf]df a/ L ;'sfPem}+ ;fgf–;fgf lrl6Sssf 3/ / x]sf] a:tL . ;a}sf cfFugdf b'x'gf] e}+;L . nf]sn s'v'/ fsf ayfg . ;kmfr6 3/ cfFug . ToxL+ cfFugdf laxfgLdf rf/ f] vf]Hb} lx8]sf hf]8L k/ ]jf . kmf]xf]/ }–kmf]xf]/ , xNn}–xNnf / b'u{Gw}–b'u{Gw 5f8]sf xfd|f nflu Tof] jftfj/ 0f wd{u|Gydf jl0f{t :ju{sf] Ps 6'qmfdf eujfgn] nu]/ / fv]em}+ nflu/ x]sf] lyof] .

b'ef{Uo Û To; lbg u}+8f b]lvPg . h+un ;kmf/ L eg] w]/ } / dfOnf] . 3fF;] d}bfg . ;n{Ss k/ ]sf lj?jf . ndtGg skfn lkmhfP/ ;'t]sL pGdfbL lgj{:qf t?gLh:t} rf}/ . s]6fx?n] c+ufnf] df/ L–df/ L Sofd/ fdf kmf]6f] s}b u/ ] . cfk;df ljleGg kf]hdf .

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afn'jf6/ af6} k|r08n] s'rL{ x/ fP . afa'/ fdn] ;f“rf] x/ fP .

;'zLn bfÚn] !@ nfv . Toxf“af6 dlt t plxNo} x/ fPsf] lyof] wg klg x/ fpg yfNof] .

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Narayan Amrit @amritna

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Oltxf;sf] ljleGg sfnv08df cfˆgf] 5''§} klxrfg agfPsf] P]ltxfl;s ufpF yafªsf] u|fdL0f ko{6g sfo{qmd dGb aGb} uPsf] 5 . o''4 ko{6g / ;f+:s[lts ko{6gsf] uGtJo yafªdf ko{6g

k|j4{gsf ultljlw ;]nfpFb} hfg yfn]sf 5g\ kl5Nnf] r/ 0fdf . lhDd]jf/ x?sf] a]jf:tfsf sf/ 0f oxfFsf] ko{6gsf] ljifo cf]em]ndf kb{} uPsf] xf] .

dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf a]nf lgdf{0f ePsf o''4;Fu ;Da4 d""t{ of cd""t{ ;Dkbfx?sf] ;+/ If0f x''g ;s]sf] 5}g . tTsfnLg ;dodf dfcf]jfbLn]

lgdf{0f u/ ]sf n3'' hnljB''t, hgjfbL ljBfno hgsDo''gx? elTsb} uPsf 5g\ . zflGt k|s[ofkl5 o''4;Fu ;Da4 j:t''x? ;Dkbfdf kl/ 0ft eP klg To;sf] ;+/ If0f ug{ / fHo txaf6 vf;} kxn x''g ;s]sf] 5}g . :jo+ dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] klg o;k|lt jf:tf ug{ 5f8]sf] :yfgLo atfpF5g\ .

ko{6sLo uGtJosf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ljutdf s]xL kxn eP klg kl5Nnf] r/ 0fdf dGb aGb} uPsf] :yfgLo o''jf ljj]s / f]sfn] atfP . …kf6L{ ljefhgkl5 yafªsf] ko{6gsf] ljifo cln uf}0f aGb} uPsf] 5Ú, pgn] eg], …bnsf g]tfx?n] cfZjf;g lbP klg sfd gug{] kl/ kf6Ln] yafªsf] ko{6gsf] k|;ª\u ;]nfPsf] 5 .Ú g]tfx? yafªsf] ljsf;sf nflu eGbf / fhgLlts k|ltzf]wdf b]lvg''n] ck]Iffs[t yafªsf] ko{6gn] ult lng g;s]sf] pgsf]

lhls/ 5 . o;sf ;fy} :yfgLox?sf] hfFu/ sd b]lvg''sf / ;/ sf/ L txaf6 yafªsf] ko{6g k|j4{gdf ug{ sd rf;f] x''g''n] klg yafªsf] ko{6gsf] ljifo ;]nfPsf] pgn] egfO{ 5 . …P]ltxfl;s o''4 ;Dkbfx?sf] ;+/ If0f ug{] sfd ePsf] 5}gÚ, pgn] eg], …;+/ If0f ug{ ;/ sf/ L txaf6 kxn geP s]xL ;dokl5 ;a} ;Dkbf u''dgfd x''g] ;S5g\ .Ú

;d''Gb|L ;txb]lv b''O{ xhf/ ld6/ prfOdf cjl:yt yafª leqL ef]6h:tf] b]lvG5 . rf/ }lt/ 8fF8fx?sf] aLrdf cjl:yt 5 yafª . / f]Nkf ;b/ d''sfd lnafªb]lv @* sf]if pQ/ tkm{ kb{5 P]ltxfl;s ufpF yafª . hnhnf kxf8sf] sfvdf / x]sf yafª du/ x?sf] hggL e"ld dflgG5 . du/ ;+:s[ltn] g]kfns} pTs[i6 dflgg] yafªdf u|fdL0f ko{6gsf nflu lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] kxn ul/ / x]sf] lhNnf ljsf;

;ldltsf ko{6g kmf]sn k;{g bLk]Gb| l8;Ln] atfP . :yfgLo txdf sd ;lqmotf b]lvgfn] ko{6gsf nflu 3/ af; sfo{qmdn] cfsf/ lng g;s]sf] pgsf] bfjL 5 .

…yafªsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf nflu ;/ sf/ n] cf7 s/ f]8eGbf a9L nufgL ul/ ;s]sf] 5Ú, l8;Ln] eg], …s]xL ;dokl5 yafªdf ;8s k''Ub}5, ;8s k''u]kl5 yafªsf] ko{6gnufot cGosf] ljsf;df 7""nf] ;xof]u k''Ug] ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}+ .Ú yafªdf 3/ af; sfo{qmdsf] nflu :yfgLonfO{ cjnf]sg e|d0f u/ fOPsf] 5 . :yfgLoaf;Lsf] ;lqmotf eof] eg] 3/ af; sfo{qmd cufl8 a9\g] kmf]sn k;{g l8;Lsf] egfO{ 5 .

o'''4sf a]nf dfcf]jfbLsf] / fhwfgLsf] ?kdf :yflkt yafª / fhg}lts tyf ;f+:s[lts?kn] lgs} rrf{sf] lzv/ df 5 . dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] tTsfnLg ;dodf ljz]if cfwf/ If]qsf] ?kdf lgdf{0f u/ ]sf] yafªsf] km''lG6afªdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s tyf ljleGg k|lzIf0fx? klg ePsf lyP . tTsfnLg ;dodf dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngnfO{ bafpg tTsfnLg zfxL;]gfn] yafªsf] 7""nf] ufpFdf eLif0f cfuhgL u/ ]/ ;of}+ 3/ x? Wj:t agfPsf] lyof] . Wj:t 3/ x?sf] clxn] eUgfjz]if dfq / x]sf 5g\ . ;of}+ dlxnfx? anfTs[t ePsf lyP . åGåsf] ;dodf dfgjLo tyf ef}lts Iflt cgluGtL ef]Ug'k¥of] yafªn] .

zflGtsfnLg k|lqmofkl5 yafªsf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu tTsfnLg k|r08 ;/ sf/ n] gd''gf ufpFsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ sfo{qmd cufl8 ;f/ ]sf] lyof] . ufpFsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df nufgL eP klg cem}+ kof{Kt x''g ;s]sf] 5}g . ufpFdf ;/ ;kmfOh:tf sfdsf] k|efjsfl/ tf b]lvPsf] 5}g . oBlk v''nf lb;fd''Qm ufpF 3f]if0ff gePsf] eg] xf]Og . gd'gf ufpFsf] gfd lbP klg ;/ sfn] oy]i6 ah]6sf] Joj:yf ug{ g;Sbf gd''gf aGg g;s]sf] yafªLx? atfpF5g\ . d''ntM ;8s, ;~rf/ , vfg]kfgLh:tf sfo{qmdx? yafª k''u] ko{6g k|j4{gdf 6]jf k''Ug] pgLx?sf] ljZjf; 5 .

;''lnrf}/ b]lv h]nafª x'Fb} yafª clg hnhnfnfO{ clGtd uGtJosf ?kdf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ 6fgn] kbdfu{sf] / ]vfª\sg u/ ]sf] 5 . ko{6sn] hnhnfsf] 3fF;] d}bfgdf cfgGb lng kfpF5g\ eg] u[id Ct'''df hnhnfdf km'Ng] ;of}+ km"nx?sf] aLrdf / dfpg kfpF5g\ . yafªaf6 c9fO 306fsf] k}bn ofqf to u/ ] hnhnfsf] r'r'/ f]df k'Ug ;lsG5 . o''4tfsf dfcf]jfbLn]

dGb aGb} yafªsf] u|fdL0f ko{6goxL :yfgaf6 / ]l8of] hgu0ftGq ;~rfng u/ ]sf] lyof] .

h]nafª / yafªdf 3/ af; sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'g ;s] ko{6sx?n] / ft latfpg kfpg]5g\ . ko{6s cfudgnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg ;s] yafªsf] alnbfgsf] d"Nodf s]xL dNxd nufpg ;lsg] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 / f]Nkfsf lgjt{dfg cWoIf df};d / f]sfn] atfP . yafªsf] o'4 ko{6g / ;f+:s[lts ko{6gnfO{ ahf/ Ls/ 0f ug{ ;s] yafªn] ;d[[l4 xfFl;n ug{ ;Sg] pgsf] ljrf/ 5 . t/ To;sf] nflu ko{6g;Da4 lgsfox?n] rf;f] lbg'kg{] pgL atfpF5g\ . :yfgLo, ;/ sf/ L lgsfo / ko{6g Joj;foLx?aLr a''emfOdf Ps?ktf eP yafªsf] ko{6gn] ultn] lng] pgsf] egfO{ 5 .

!^ ;o jif{ k'/ fgf] Oltxf; ePsf] yafªdf Ps xhf/ a9L 3/ w'/ L a;f]af; ub{5g\ . (% k|ltzt du/ a:tL / x]sf] yafªdf a'9f / / f]sfx? g} d"n cflbaf;L ePsf] tYofª\s 5 . pQ/ ltAat / g]kfnsf] l;dfgfsf] afOhf eGg] :yfgaf6 k"j{hx? cfPsf] :yfgLo a"9fkfsfx? atfpF5g\ . ;tk|ltzt du/ efiff af]Ng] du/ x?sf] a;f]af; / x]sf] yafª du/ snf;+:s[lt / efiffn] ;DkGg ;f+:s[lts ko{6sLo uGtJo klg xf] . yafªLx?n] ljz]ifu/ L c;f/ ! df e"Dof kj{ dgfpg] ub{5g\ . k|s[ltsf k"hf/ L du/ x?n] e"d]nfO{ ljz]if dxTj lbG5g\ . e"d] gfr a"9fa"9L, s]6fs]6L / o'jfo'jtL ;fd"lxs?kdf k~r] afhfsf] tfndf tfn km]l/–km]l/ gfRg] ub{5g\ . e"d] gfr ;jf{lws nf]slk|o gfr xf] . e"d]afx]s cGo gfrx? klg gflrG5 yafªdf .

df}lns ;+:s[ltn] ;DkGg yafªsf] ko{6gnfO{ k|j4{g ug{ ;s] :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL ko{6sx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug{ ;lsg] ko{6g hfgsf/ x? atfpF5g\ . oBlk kl5Nnf] r/ 0fdf yafªsf] u|fdL0f ko{6g k|j4{gdf eO/ x]sf] l9nf;':tLk|lt ko{6gsf] If]qdf sfd ug{]x?n] lrGtf JoQm u/ ]sf 5g\ . To;sf] nflu :yfgLoaf;LnfO{ ko{6g lzIff / ko{6sLo uGtJox?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ / k|j4{gdf ;''wf/ Nofpg cfjZos ePsf] pgLx?sf] ljrf/ 5 .wlg/fd zdf{

tTsfnLg ;dodf

dfcf]jfbLn] lgdf{0f

u/ ]sf n3'' hnljB''t,

hgjfbL ljBfno

hgsDo''gx? elTsb} uPsf 5g\ . zflGt

k|s[ofkl5 o''4;Fu ;Da4

j:t''x? ;Dkbfdf

kl/ 0ft eP klg To;sf] ;+/ If0f ug{

/ fHo txaf6 vf;} kxn x''g ;s]sf] 5}g .

km'r'ª\u|L M xfd|f b]zsf g]tfx?n] t sfsf ljZje/ sf hf]s/ nfO{ klg xF;fP/ } df5{g\ ls Sof xf] < / fhgLlts ;Dd]ng t ug]{ / ] . ebf} #! ut] ug]{ ls c;f]h ! ut] ug]{ eg]/ rflxF s'/ f ldn]g / ] Û d t ca xfF;]/ } d5'{ ls Sof xf] <

sfsf M ca t s'/ f a'lem;\ lg km'RrL < Ps lbgcl3 a}7s a:g] ls Ps lbgkl5 eg]/ t t]/ f g]tf c+snx?n] lgisif{ lgsfNg ;Sb}gg\ eg] logLx?n] b]z rnfpnfg\ < logLx?n] 7"nf–7"nf lg0f{o ug{ ;Snfg\ < logLx?n] ;+ljwfg lbg ;Snfg\ < clg Toqf] dfl;s tna 5f]8\g ;Snfg\ < tF km'RrLdfq} xf]Og, xfF;]/ d} a"9f] klg d5{' ls Sof xf] <

km'r'ª\u|L M / fhgLlts ;Djfb ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn ubf{ xfd|f ;ef;b\ c+snx?n] ca klg ;+ljwfg gag] cfkm"x? hgtfaf6 c;'/ lIft x'g] lrGtf u/ ]5g\ . pgLx?n] ca cfkm"x? ;+ljwfg gagfP/ dWo/ ftdf n'?n'? glg:sg] r]tfjgL klg lbP5g\ xlu <

sfsf M t]/ f ;ef;b\ c+snx? klg s] u?g\ t lar/ f < æwfg vfg] d';f, rf]6 kfpg] Eofu'tfÆ eg]sf] o} t xf] lg . t]/ f g]tf c+snx?n] sfd lauf5{g\ . To;sf] ckh; hlt ;ef;b\x?nfO{ . lar/ fx? æalnsf as/ fÆ g} ag]sf 5g\ . To} eP/ sl:;Psf t xf]nfg\ lg .

km'r'ª\u|L M clg xfd|f 8\of; dfcf]jfbLdf klg t kbflwsf/ L ljjfb / }Ú5 lg <

sfsf M lsg gxf];\ t km'RrL < ToxL kb gkfP/ t 5Fbf vfFbfsf] kf6L{ 6'qmf–6'qmf kf/ ] . Toltn] gk'u]/ kbs} nflu n8]/ dg{nfÚsf 5g\ t]/ f 8\of; dfcf]jfbL / Sof; dfcf]jfbLsf c+snx? . loGsf s'/ f ;'Gbf–;'Gbf t d} a"9fsf sfg klg yfls;s] km'RrL .

km'r'ª\u|L M xfd|f sf+u|];L c+snx?sf] klg n8fOF cR5} rNofÚ5 / ] sfsf . ;'zLnbfÚn] b]pjf / / fdrGb| c+snsf] ;ftf] lng' ef] eGg] xNnf kf] rn]sf] 5 t <

sfsf M pkm ÛÛÛ s]–s] ;f]W5] of] km'r'ª\u|L klg <<<ÛÛÛ

OlG8og cfO8n k|zfGt tfdfª lgzfgL lnP/ cfPsf 5g\ . …uf]vf{kN6gÚkl5 km]l/ Psk6s nfx'/ ] ag]sf] lkmNd …lgzfgLÚ lnP/ k|zfGt cfPsf x'g\ . z'qmaf/ sf7df08f}+nufot b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf lgzfgL l/ lnh ul/ Psf] 5 .

ljgf]b ;]/ ]ªåf/ f lgb]{lzt lkmNd ;g\ !((( sf] sflu{n o'4df uf]vf{nLn] k|bz{g u/ ]sf] axfb'/ Ldf cfwfl/ t 5 . sflu{nsf] vn'af/ n8fO"df uf]vf{nLsf] sdflG8ª sg]{n nlnt / fO{n] u/ ]sf lyP . lkmNdsf] syf pg} nlntsf] ef]ufOaf6 k|efljt / x]sf] lgb]{zs ;]/ ]ªn] atfP .

o;cl3 …b]pdfO{sf] lsgf/ dfÚ, …alnbfgÚ / …g'dfkm'ªÚdf u/ ]sf] clegoaf6 lrlgPsf k|]d ;'Aaf …lgzfgLÚsf rf/ lgdf{tfdWo] Ps x'g\ . pgsf ;fy} cGo lgdf{tfx?df ;/ f]h e08f/ L, nlntf ;]/ ]ª wf}a8]n / lszf]/ b'ªdfnL / fO{ / x]sf 5g\ .

lkmNddf k|zfGt;lxt k|]d ;'Aaf, hogGb nfdf, l;? lai6, sf]lknf yfkf, ;'/ h e§, cg' u'?ª, lai0f' r]Dhf]ª nufotsf] clego / x]sf] 5 . k|zfGtsf] d'Vo e"ldsf / x]sf] lkmNddf pgL / k|]d ;'Aaf b'a}n] OlG8og nfx'/ ]sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/ ]sf 5g\ . b'a} Pp6} kN6gsf x'G5g\ / / 0fd}bfgdf b'Zdglj?4 ldn]/ n8]sf 5g\ . uf]vf{ ;}lgssf]

syfdf cfwfl/ t lkmNddf k|zfGtn] uf]vf{ ;}lgssf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/ ]sf 5g\ eg] gflosf cg' u'?ª pgsf] k|]dLsf ag]sL l5g\ .

…of] d]/ f] lkmNd ckm la6 xf]Og, t/ jf:tljs 36gfnfO{ pKsfpg] k|of; u/ ]sf] 5',Ú lgb]{zs ;]/ ]ªn] eG5g\, …uf]vf{nLx?n] y'k|} lgzfgL 5f8]/ uPsf 5g\, xfdLn] klg 5f]8\g'k5{, of] lkmNd d]/ f] lgzfgL g} xf];\ .Ú

lgzfgLdf lgb]{zs ljgf]b ;]/ ]ªsf] k6syf n]vg, o'j/ fh / fO{sf] 5fof+sg, hgs u'?ªsf] åGå lgb]{zg / x]sf] 5 eg] uf]ljGb / fO{ / lzj lassf] g[To lgb]{zg / x]sf] 5 . To:t}, laaL cg'/ fuLsf] ;+uLt / x]sf] lkmNdnfO{ ljlkg dNn / ;'/ h >]i7n] ;Dkfbg u/ ]sf 5g\ .

;flxTosf/ 8f“uLnfO{ ;Ddfg/ fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\ lhNnf zfvf bfªn] cu|h

;flxTosf/ tLy{axfb'/ 8fFuLnfO{ ;Ddfg u/ ]sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ 3f]/ fxLdf Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/ L pxfFnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] xf] .

sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly jl/ i7 kqsf/ Pj+ ;flxTosf/ gf/ fo0fk|;fb zdf{n] ;Ddfgkqåf/ f ;Ddfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . 8fFuLnfO{ ;Ddfg ub{} ;flxTosf/ zdf{n] ;flxTo ;dfhsf] bk{0f ePsfn] o;nfO{ lg/ Gt/ ;sf/ fTds / ;a}vfn] ljs[ltdf va/ bf/ Lk"0f{ agfpg'kg{] atfpg'eof] .

;f] cj;/ df kl/ ifb\sf] lgoldt sfo{qmd !)( cf}+ s[lt ;dLIffcGtu{t ;flxTosf/ 8fFuLåf/ f lnlvt …åGåsf cfF;'Ú uLlt n3'sfJosf] ;dLIff ul/ Psf] lyof] .

s[ltsf] ;dLIff ub{} ;dLIfsåo 5ljls/ 0f jnL / vu/ fh Gof}kfg]n] @)!) ;fnb]lv lg/ Gt/ ;flxTo l;h{gfdf nfUg'ePsf 8fFuL *$ jif{ k'Ubf;d]t cfkm\gf] ofqfnfO{ lg/ Gt/ tf lbO/ x]sf] / @)^$ ;fndf k|sfzg ePsf] pQm s[ltdf åGå / g]kfnLx?sf] cfly{s ljs/ fnnfO{ emNsg] / rgf ePsf] rrf{ ug'{eof] .

sfo{qmddf / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k'?iff]Qd vgfnn] ;flxTosf/ 8fFuLsf] ;flxlTos ofqfsf] lg/ Gt/ tfsf] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg] 8fFuLn] kl/ ifb\n] cfkm"nfO{ ;Ddfg u/ ]sf]df wGojfb lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

kl/ ifb\ bfª zfvf cWoIf sdndl0f b]jsf]6fsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;flxTosf/ x? >Liff zfxL, 3gZofd cl:tTjnufotn] / rgf jfrg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . zf/ bf zdf{sf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;flxTosf/ v]d/ fh dNnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

uf]vf{ ;}lgssf] syfdf cfwfl/ t lkmNddf k|zfGtn] uf]vf{ ;}lgssf]

e"ldsf lgjf{x u/ ]sf 5g\ eg] gflosf cg' u'?ª pgsf] k|]dLsf

ag]sL l5g\ .