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d]/f] lxhf]s'g} lbg lyP, hldg a~h/ lyof] . hlt kmNYof] To;n] kl/ jf/ sf] 5fs 6fg{ k'Ub}gYof] . afsf] hflu/ n] e/ y]u u/ ]sf] lyof] . ha afsf] hflu/ uof], o;kl5 ;d:ofsf kxf8x? qmdzM clUnb} uP .

;fx|} eof] . kVgf];\, ca d s]xL cjZo n]V5' . sl/ a Ps 306f eP5 d 6f]nfpg yfn]sf] . n]vfOsf ljifo Ps–Ps ub}{ cfP / s'g} ?k/ ]vf glbO{ tL z"Godf lanfP . cfh n]Vg}k5{ eGg] x'6x'6Ln] laxfg}b]lv

;tfPsf] xf] . nfu]sf] lyof], 5'§Lsf] lbgnfO{ pkof]u u?F . x]/ f}+ s] x'G5 < b'O{ tLgkN6 n]vgsf] ;'?jft klg u/ ]+ . t/ , t'?Gt} l8ln6 u/ ]+ . sf/ 0f, dnfO{ kf7ssf] lbdfunfO{ em8\sf lbg ;Sg] ljifoj:t'sf] vfFrf] lyof] . x'g ;S5, tL p7fg ul/ Psf ljifoeGbf of] emg} lkmtnf] xf];\ .

cfh lsg xf] dnfO{ lxhf]n] t;f{Psf] 5 . hltv]/ klg afnfkgsf] ofb 6fpsf]df rSs/ fpF5 / hah{:t Tof] d]/ f] lbdfuaf6 ws]lnG5 . lsgls tL afnfkgsf 36gfdf s'g} uDeL/ tf 5}g eGg] ljZjf; ddf 5 . Pp6f cd"t{ ljZjf;n] dnfO{ d]/ f lgbf]{if l;h{gfsf] xTof ug{ pTk|]l/ t ul/ / x]sf] 5 . 7Ls 5, s]xL g s]xL cjZo cfpnf . geP, uDeL/ ljifosf] phfu/ ug]{ d}n] s] 7]Ssf lnPsf] 5' / Û

Pp6f 7"n} pknlAw eof] o;kfln . uPsf] bz}+ labfdf sl/ a cfwf bh{g k':ts k9L EofOof] . To;df klg tLgj6f t cfTdsyf kf] t Û cfTdsyf– hf] hLjgsf] jf:tljs aofg xf] . hxfF em'6f] af]Ng ldNb}g eg] cjZo klg ToxfF hLjgsf u'? uDeL/ kIfsf] phfu/ ul/ Psf] lyof] xf]nf . …xf]nfÚ d o; cy{ elg/ x]sf] 5', ddf :d/ 0f zlQm cln lkmtnf] 5 . k9\bf cfgGb cfof] t/ Tof] PsfPs ufoa eof] . / , km]l/ d]/ f lglDt k':ts z"Go eof] . hxfF s'g} zAb n]lvPs} 5}gg\ . slxn]sfxL+ ck|Tofl;t ?kdf af}l/ g cfP eg] Tof] cs}{ s'/ f xf] .

-kVgf];\ ca km]l/ d]/ f] w}o{ eª\u x'g yfNof] x} . ddf of] n]vfO ;'Gb/ ePg, a? c? g} s]xL n]vf}+ o;nfO{ oxL 5f]8\lbpF eGg] efjgfn] oL=== clxn] ev{/ } layf]Ng cfOk'Uof] . Psl5g d cem}+ sf]l;; u5'{ ._ k':tsdf hLjg bz{g km]nf k/ ]g jf hf] lyof], d}n] u|x0f ug{ ;lsgF .

cfh laxfg Pshgf cfkmGtsxfF uPsf] lyPF . nfd} ;do d}n] ToxfF latfPF . Jofjxfl/ s s'/ f eP . ukms} tfndf cfF;' alu;s]5g\ . d}n] kl5 k'5]+ . d}n] afsf] d]xgtnfO{ cfh laxfg tL cfkmGt;Fu ukm ubf{ emg\ glhsaf6 dx;''; u/ ]+ . s'g} lbg lyP, hldg a~h/ lyof] . hlt kmNYof] To;n] kl/ jf/ sf] 5fs 6fg{ k'Ub}gYof] . afsf] hflu/ n] e/ y]u u/ ]sf] lyof] . ha afsf] hflu/ uof], o;kl5 ;d:ofsf kxf8x? qmdzM clUnb} uP . cfdf o;/ L la/ fdL kg'{ef], xfdLn] cg]s k|oTg ubf{ klg pxfFsf] / f]u la;]s ePg . o:t}df 5f]/ f] la/ fdL k¥of] . p;sf] / f]u olt hAa/ lyof] ls afn] p;sf] lglDt lgs} afn'jf k]Ng'k¥of] . bfh' efph'sf] cfo;|f]t lyPg . lbbLx? a'xf/ L eP/ c?s} 3/ df uO;s]sf lyP . d s'k'q afnfO{ Jofjxfl/ s ;d:ofdf e/ y]u ug'{sf] ;§f pN6} …vr{ ;lsof]Ú eg]/ sf7df8f}+af6 tf/ Gtf/ kmf]g ul/ / xGy]+ . afn] tL lbgx? s;/ L ws]Ng' ef] xf]nf cfh d}n] dx;''; u/ ]+ .

kl5 cfdfsf] / f]u klg 36\b} uof] / 5f]/ f] klg :j:y eof] . cl:t cfdf;Fu cfˆgf] afNosfnsf cg'ej kf]v]+ . cfdfn] cfFvf lknlkn agfpg' ef] . d xfF;]+ . eg]+, cfdf ca xh'/ ?g' kb}{g . ;fob ltg} lbgn] xfdLnfO{ clxn] b'Mv ef]Ug ;Sg] Ifdtf lbPsf 5g\ . d}n] cfdf;Fu afF8]sf s]xL 36gf o:tf lyP M

d ;fgf] lyPF . ;fgf] eGgfn] cln cd"t{ eof] ls Û cF, sl/ a * aif{sf] . xfd|f af÷sfsfx? d yfxf kfpg] x'g'cl3 g} 5'l§;Sg'ePsf] lyof] . afx? tLg efO x'g'x'GYof] . tLg efO afx?sf xfdL ;ft hgf ;Gtfg bf}t/ lyof}+, sl/ a–sl/ a Pp6} pd]/ sf . o:t}df d]/ f sfsf x/ fpg' ef] / sl/ a b'O{ jif{kl5 kmls{g' ef] . kmls{bf pxfFsf] 3/ df cs}{ / f}gs lyof] . pxfFsf ;a} ;Gtfg gofF n'ufdf ;lhPsf lyP . 3/ df ld7f] dl;gf] kfs]sf] lyof] . d}n] b]v]+ . t/ v} lsg xf], dg lvGg agfP/ d cfˆgf] 3/ kmls{PF . To;sf] 7Ls ef]lnkN6 df]Vnfdf d]nf nfUYof] . d]nf hfg] eg]kl5 dg x'?Ss} x'GYof] . -e|d g/ xf];\ d]nf eg]sf] xfd|f]lt/ hfqf xf] ._ sfsfsf] 5f]/ f] hgs, gj/ fh, / d d]nf hfg] ;'/ df lyof}+ . afn] …d]nf;]nf hfg' k/ ]sf] 5}gÚ t eGb} x'g'x'GYof] t/ d]/ f] lh2Lsf] cl3 pxfFsf] s]xL nfu]g . / , cGtdf bzsf] Pp6f gf]6 / Pp6f Ps ?k}ofFsf] l;Ssf u/ L hDdf P3f/ ?k}ofF lbP/ d]nf hfg] cg'dlt lbg' ef] . hgs / gj/ fh cfP a8f] 7fF6;Fu . gofF n'uf nufPsf 5g\, uf]hLdf ;o–;osf gf]6 5g\ . otf afn] nufP/ kmf6\g yfn]sf] kfOG6nfO{ bdfOn] k'gMl;{h{gf u/ L tof/ kfl/ Psf] kfOG6 cfsf/ sf] kf];fs d]/ f] z/ L/ df em'l08Psf] 5 . Pp6f Hofs]6 eGg ldNg] sk8f klg 5 cfªdf . To;sf afx'nfdf 6flS;Psf] l;+ufgsf] bfu :ki6 b]lvG5 . t/ klg dnfO{ d]nf t hfg' g} 5 . xfdL af6f] nfUof}+ .

af6f]df hfFbfhfFb} dnfO{ nfUof], oqf] 5fF6;Fu d]nf hfg nfu]sf ;fyL;Fu d hfg' plrt 5}g . lsgls d sfusf aLrdf as'Nnf] ag]sf] 5' . cfkm}nfO{ Ps lsl;dsf] xLgtfaf]wn] ;tfof] . ;f]Rb} 5', lx8\b}5' . clg d}n] lg0f{o u/ ]+ …d logLx?;Fu d]nf hfGg 3/ d} a:5' .Ú clg k]6 b'v]sf] axfgf agfP/ d 3/ kmls{PF . pgLx? uP . lbge/ dg Pstdf; eof] . afcfdfnfO{ s]xL elggF . oltdfq eg]+, cfh cln k]6 b'v]sf] 5 . vf;df Tolta]nf k]6 xf]Og, dg b'v]sf] lyof] .

csf]{ Pp6f o:t} 36gf 5 . Clif bfO dfdf3/ hfg' ef] . Ps dlxgf a;]/ kmls{g' ef] . pd]/ d]/ f] / pxfFsf] vf;} cGt/ xf]Og . kmls{bf z/ L/ df Pp6f lrl6Sssf] ;6{ lyof] . tnlt/ lhG; kfOG6 lyof] . ;6{dfly Pp6f cgf}7f] j:t' em'l08Psf] lyof] . To;df n]lvPsf] lyof] c+u|]hLdf– aL=s]=Pd=eL= . d}n] ;f]w]+, …bfO of] aL=s]=Pd=eL= eg]sf] s] xf] <Ú pxfFn] eGg'ef], …afn sGof dfWolds ljBfno .Ú Tof] xfd|f] ljBfnosf] gfd lyof] . kl5 yfxf kfPF, aL=s]=Pd=eL= n]lvPsf] Tof] ;6{dfly 3fF6Ldf em'l08Psf] j:t' t 6fO kf] / x]5 . pxfFn] csf]{ Pp6f rfdTsfl/ s j:t' klg Nofpg' ePsf] lyof]– lrdlrd] 38L ePsf] 86k]g . d tL ;a} j:t' b]v]/ 5Ss k/ ]sf] lyPF . kms]{/ 3/ cfPF . afsf] cfly{s ;d:of cln–cln dx;'; ug{ ;Sg] eO;s]sf] lyPF . afnfO{ s]xL elggF . cfˆgf] kmf6]sf] hfFu] / l;+ufgn] s6\dl/ Psf] ef]6f] ;Dem]/ 6f]nfP/ al;/ x]+ .

;fob d Tolta]nf sIff * df k9\y]+ . cln 7"n} ePsf] lyPF . elnan v]Ng] zf]v lyof] . Pp6f ;6{ lyof] . c? ;a} kmf6]sf lyP . elnan v]Nbf Tof] ePsf] Pp6f klg kmf6\of] . afcfdf d}n] elnan v]n]sf] ?rfpg'x'GgYof] . elnan v]Nbf ;6{ Rofltof] eGg] cfF6 cfPg . l;of] vf]Hg yfn]+ . df]sfdf 5 ls eg]/ o;f] x]/ ]sf], l;of] xf]Og, Pp6f sk8f xft k¥of] . afn] nufP/ kmfn]sf] ;6{ / x]5 . o;f] x]/ ]+ . 7Ls} nfUof] . ;aeGbf tNnf] 6fFs r'l8Psf] / x]5 . ;f]r]+, Tof] t kfOG6leq sf]r] eOxfN5 . ToxL ;6{ / kfOG6 nufP/ :s'n uPF . af6fdf / dg bfO;Fu e]6 eof] . a8f] zfnLg efiffdf d]/ f] sRofss'r's ePsf] ;6{nfO{ O+lut u/ ]/ pxfFn] eGg'ef], …k6\ofP/ / fv]sf] eP v'lDrb}gYof] lg .Ú d}n] eg]+ æv} bfO, cfdfn] stf sf]lRbg' eP5 .Ú :s'n uPF . ;a}sf cfFvf d]/ f] ;6{df ufl8P . lbge/ xLgtfaf]wn] cfªdf 3fd nfu]g . a]n'sf lgs} 7"nf] ;fx; u/ ]/ cfdfnfO{ eg]+ . csf]{ lbg xfd|f] 3/ df ;6{sf] sk8f / bdfO bfO b'a} cfOk'u] . t];|f] lbg :s'n hfFbf t d z]/ eO;s]sf] lyPF .

cfdfnfO{ cl:t d}n] oL s'/ f ;'gfpFbf cfdf ?Gr] xfF;f] xfF:g' ef] . cfˆgf ;GtfgnfO{ eg]h:tf] k'¥ofpg g;s]sf] kZrftfk pxfFsf] cg'xf/ df :ki6 emlNsGYof] . d}n] cfdfnfO{ eg]+ …cfdf kL/ gug'{;\ . xh'/ n] xfd|f tL ef}lts cfjZostf k"/ f ug{ g;s] klg xfdLnfO{ c;n ;+:sf/ lbg' ef], lzIff lbg' ef] . dfof / ddtf lbg' ef] . oL ;a}sf] t'ngfdf tL ef}lts ;'ljwf t'R5 5g\ .Ú cfdfsf] cg'xf/ s]xL pHoflnof] .

d ;DemG5',, d ;fgf] x'Fbf af Pp6f / f]rs syf ;'gfpg'x'GYof] . afsf] d'vaf6 d}n] of] syf tLg rf/ kN6 ;'lg;s]+ M Pp6f s'O/ ] g]kfn 3'Dg cfP5 . g]kfnsf u|fdL0f ;x/ L ;a} If]q 3'd]/ kmls{P5 . clg p;nfO{ cfˆgf] b]zdf uPkl5 ;fyLx?n] ;f]w]5g\, …ltdL Tolt 6f9fsf] lakGg d'n's 3'd]/ cfof} . ltdLn] ToxfF uP/ s] b]Vof} <Ú p;n] eg]5, …xf] g]kfndf ul/ aL JofKt 5 . pgLx?n] kf}li6s cfxf/ kfPsf 5}gg\ . / fd|f] nufpg] n'uf kfPsf 5}gg\ . ;d:of g} ;d:of 5 . ljsf; lgdf{0f lzz' r/ 0fdf 5 . t/ Pp6f / f]rs kIfrflx+ s] 5 eg], g]kfnLx?n] k|To]s 3/ df Pp6f–Pp6f uwf kfn]sf 5g\ .Ú olt eg] kl5 af s]xLa]/ / f]lsg''x'GYof] . d klg 5Ss ky]{+ . xfd|f] 3/ df t uwf 5}g . Tof] s'O/ ]n] em'6f] af]n]5 . af km]l/ eGg ;'? ug'{x'GYof], …clg p;sf ;fyLx? ;a} 5Ss k/ ]5g\ / km]l/ ;f]w]5g\, …s] k|To]s 3/ df uwf kfn]sf 5g\ t <Ú …xf] d}n] ToxL b]v]+ .Ú p;n] eg]5 . …s:tf] uwf < lsg kfn]sf <Ú ;fyLx?n] o:tf k|Zg ;f]Wg yfn]kl5 p;n] eg]5, …xf] ToxfF uwf kfn]sf 5g\ h;n] kl/ jf/ sf ;a} ;b:osf] ef/ L af]S5 . Tof] uwf s'g} hgfj/ geP/ dfG5] xf], To; 3/ sf] cleefjs . h;n], :jf:gL, 5f]/ f5f]/ L, a'xf/ L, gflt gfltgL ;a}sf] ef/ L af]S5 .Ú ;Gtfg !^ b]lv !* aif{ k'Uof] eg] cfkm} cfh{g u/ L hLjg rnfpg] kfZrfTo k/ Dk/ f pgLx?sf lglDt g]kfnsf] of] cleefjsn] ef/ L af]Sg'kg]{ k/ Dk/ f ;fob lgs} cgf}7f] nfUof] xf]nf . afn] of] syf ;'gfO;s]kl5 xfdL dhfn] xfF:Yof}+ . af klg xfF:b} eGg'x'GYof], …d uwf 5b}5' lrGtf gu/ .Ú

d}n] bz}+ labfdf k9]sf s'g} klg k':tsdf d]/ f] lxhf]nfO{ ;+jxg ug{ ;Sg] ljifo kfOgF . x'g ;S5, oL cg'ej d]/ f lghL ;DklQ x'g\ . To;}n] d]/ f] hLjgdf logsf] hlt d"No c? s'g} kf7\o;fdu|Lsf] x'Fb}g . tL cg'ejn] lbPsf] 1fg s'g} k':tsn] lbb}gg\ . oL d]/ f lglDt lgs} lk|o 5g\ .

tkfO{+nfO{ nfUof] xf]nf ;fnf Û s]–s] n]V5'em}+ ukm lbPsf] lyof] ;'?df, cflv/ s]xL g s]xL . …afNosfnsf 36gf n]lVbgF . ltgdf s'g} uDeL/ tf x'Fb}gÚ eGYof], cflv/ ToxL n]lvd/ ]5 . dfly g} elg;s]sf] 5', s] uDeL/ s'/ f n]Vg] 7]Ssf d}n] lnPsf] 5' / < xfjfbf/ L ukm x'Fbfx'Fb} klg ;dosf] b'?kof]u u/ ]/ k9\g'ef] oxfFnfO{ wGojfb Û

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s:tf] uGw cflbdtfsf] . cf]9f/ df a;]sf dflg;sf] d"Non] lrdf]6\5 5ftLleq . b]zdf qmflGt eof], 7"N7"nf kl/ jt{g eP . kl/ jt{g sxfF x/ fof] <

of]hgf / kl/ jt{gsf l;4fGt ;+;b ejg of afn'jf6f/ lt/ ?G5g\

xf]nf . cflbd ;Eotfsf] l;Ghf k|b]z gofF g]kfnsf] vfsfdf ltvf{P/ afFRg ljjz 5 . s;n] eG5 9'ª\u] o'u ;lsof] eg]/ . gn]lvPsf gful/ s cf]9f/ leqaf6 x]5{g\– b]z, ;Eotf / ;do .

/ fHosf] df}gtf eGbf] xf]– cem}+ cf]9f/ df afFr . lxlHhb} afFr . ltd|f] ;:tf] ul/ aL dxª\uf] 8n/ df a]r]/ afFr .

xg{' hltsf] kL8f c? s] x'G5 xf]nf / <

of;f{u'Daf l6Kg]x¿sf] eL8n] kfnx¿ ylkb}5g\ ?kkf6gdf . nf]e, pT;fx, rfxgf, cg'e"ltsf] cfzf kfn]/ xfdLn] klg kfn xfn]sf 5f}+ ?kkf6gsf] Ps s'gfdf .

kfnleqsf] lhGbuL, ToxfFsf] / xg;xg, vfgkfg lgtfGt leGg . Pp6f 5'§} lhGbuL, 5'§} pT;fx . gofF ;+;f/ df k'u]sf ko{6ssf] lhGbuLh:tf] .

of;f{u'Daf l6Kg]x¿ ylkb}5g\ . xfdL slxn] af3 8fF8f k'U5f}+, slxn] t/ k/ ] . Pp6f pT;jh:tf] . Pp6f ofqfh:tf] . Pp6f tLy{h:tf] .

…of;f{u'Daf o:t} x'G5 .Ú ;fb[Zotfsf nflu Pp6f emf/ b]vfpg'ef] k"0f{ ;/ n] . s;/ L vf]Hg'k5{ eg]/ vf]Hg] tl/ sf klg l;sfpg' ef] pxfFn] . of] k"j{ cEof;n] pT;fx yK5 .

xfdLnfO{ Pp6} x'6x'6L 5, of;f{u'Daf s:tf] x'G5 eGg] . lrgf/ fª\;L, tf]/ Låfl/ sf, af6'n] xfF;]sf 5g\ j/ k/ . To;}df ;'jfl;Psf] 5 xfjf, uf]w"nL / ?kkf6g . cfsfzsf] / ª cf]9]/ lgj{:q ;'lt/ x]sL cK;/ fh:tL ?kkf6gsf] klxnf] b[Zo b]Vbf cfZro{ nfUof] . cf]xf] Û slt 7"nf] ?kkf6g Û

oxfF s]xL v]tL x'Fbf]/ x]g5 . 3f]8f, e]8f, afv|f, ufO, uf]?dfq b]lvG5g\ . a'sL knfpFb}5 . lxdfnL If]qdf t a'sL c;f/ df dfq km'Nbf]/ x]5 . of] If0f dfwjk|;fb l3ld/ ]sf] rlr{t sljtf …a}zfvÚ ;Dem]+ . l3ld/ ]n] lxdfnL If]qsf] e|d0f g} gu/ L ef]6]gLn] a}zfvdf a'sL km"n afFw]sf unt s'/ f n]v]sf x'g\ ls . dnfO{ nfUof] n]vssf nflu e"uf]nsf] cWoog lgs} dxTjk"0f{ x'Fbf]/ x]5 .

;fFem xfdL kfndf kmls{of}+ . oxfFsf] df};d sltv]/ s] x'G5 yfxf g} gx'Fbf] / x]5 . cfh klg df};d v/ fa x'g nfUof] . xfjf x'/ L;Fu} lxdkft x'g nfUof] . xfjfn] kfn g} p8fpnfh:tf] u5{ . u0f]z / d leqaf6 kfn ;dfT5f}+ . xfdL b'a} lrlGtt 5f}+ xfjfn] kfn} p8fP sxfF hfg] <

d kfnsf] 9f]sf ;':t/ L vf]N5' . hf]8–hf]8n] x'/ L rn]sf] 5 . To;/ L g} lxdkft ePsf] 5 . lxdkftsf] b[Zo klxnf]k6s b]v]sfn] xf]nf b[Zodf stf–stf cfgGb klg cfof] . t/ kfn p8fP s] ug]{ eGg] lrGtfn] kLl8t ePsf 5f}+ xfdL . kfnsf lsnf ;dft]/ zfGt df};dsf] sfdgf ul/ / Xof}+ xfdLn] kfn leqaf6 .

glhs}sf] uf]7af6 ;'l:dtfn] vfgf vfgf vfg af]nfOg\ . vfgf vfP/ kms{bf df};d cln zfGt ePsf] lyof] . xfdLn] kfnsf] cj:yfnfO{ Psk6s

/ fd|/ L hfFr u/ ]/ ;'Tof}+ .

lxdfnL If]qsf] lr;f]df kfnleqsf] ;'tfOn] lgGb|f rfF8f] nfu]g . / flt Ps ah]lt/ dfG5]sf] xNnf–vNnfn] lgGb|f eª\u eof] . / flt g} of;f{u'Daf l6Kgsf nflu hª\un v'Nnf ul/ P5 . / ftL g} xft–xftdf 6r{ afn]/ dfG5]x¿ plSn/ x]5g\ . cfwf / ftdf sf]nfxn dRrfpFb} 6r{ afn]/ plSn/ x]sf dfG5]sf] eL8 b]Vbf kL8f x'G5 5ftLdf . s:tf] bb{gfs b[Zo Û

afFRg'sf] Xofªcf]e/ slt rsf]{ 5 dfG5]df .

dfG5]x¿ afFRgsf nflu hLjgsf] Dof/ fy'gdf efu lnO/ x]5g\ . d kfnsf] 9f]sf vf]n]/ dfG5]n] afFRgsf nflu u/ ]sf] ;ª\3if{sf] b[Zo x]5'{ . d bz{s ag]sf] 5' oltv]/ .

u0f]z tof/ x'G5 Tof] eL8df ldl;g . d klg tftf] sk8f nufpF5' . gf:tf, kfgLsf] af]tn, aiff{bL, s'6f] emf]nfdf xfN5' . b'a} lg:sG5f}+ kfnaf6 / Tof] kª\ltdf xfdL klg ylkG5f}+ .

lr;f] cTolws 5 . lxpFn] 9fs]sf] 5 ?kkf6g . lxpF s'Nrb} pSng'k5{ of;f{ l6Kg . v'§fn] klxnf]k6s lxpF 6]Sbf cfgGb t nfU5 . t/ of] cfgGb :yfoL x'g ;Sb}g . dfG5] dfly 8fF8fdf k'lu;s], xfOclN6Ro'6sf sf/ 0f d]/ f v'§f dfly r9\g dfGb}gg\ . la:tf/ } pHofnf] cfpF5 . dfG5] w]/ } dfly k'lu;s] d eg] w]/ } tn 5' . ;Fu} uPsf] ;fyLn] klg 5f]8]/ hfG5 . d dfG5]sf] eL8af6 PSnf] x'G5' .

af6f] Psbd} cK7\of/ f] 5 . lxpFdf h'Qf lrKnG5g\ . lrlKnof] eg] ;dfP/ cl8gnfO{ s]xL

5}g . Ps 7fpFdf olt cK7\of/ f] af6f] e]l6G5 ls d To;nfO{ kf/ ug}{ ;lSbgF . d}n] ;fyLnfO{ tn}af6 af]nfPF, …P u0f]z Û pm ;'Gb}g . tnlt/ kmls{b} kmls{b}g . p of;f{ vf]Hg} tNnLg 5 . cK7\of/ f] 7fpFdf ;fyLn] 5f]8\bf dnfO{ c;fWo} kL8f eof] . d]/ f] pmdflysf] laZjf; e/ f];fsf] kvf{n 9Nof] . d PSn} 6f]nfPF aLr af6f]df .

ca d]/ f] of;f{u'Daf b]Vg] / x/ To;} ;]nfof] . d aLr af6f]af6} kmls{PF .

af6f]df Pshgf kj{t of :ofª\hflt/ sf] Pshgf ;/ e]l6g' ef] . pxfFn] dnfO{ pT;fx / ;fy lbP/ s7Lg af6f] kf/ u/ fOlbg'eof] . d klg of;f{u'Daf kfOg] 7fpFdf k'u]+ . dfG5]x¿ of;f{ vf]Hgd} tNnLg 5g\ . s;}nfO{ s;}sf] jf:tf 5}g . ;a}sf] Pp6} Wofg 5 of;f{sf] .

of;f{u'Daf g} 8f]NkfnLsf] / f]hL/ f]6L xf] . 8f]NkfnLsf] v]tL xf] . olta]nf s]6fs]6L / a"9fa"9L afx]s ;a} of;f{sf] vf]hLdf lg:s]sf 5g\ .

3fd t?gf] x'Fb} hfFbf lxpF klg kUnb} uof] . 3fd nfu]sf] a]nf lxpFdf lx8\g Psbd} ufx|f] x'Fbf]/ x]5 . lxpF cfFvfdf nfu]/ cfFvf b'Vg], cfFvf ;'lGgg] x'Fbf]

/ x]5 .

…GofO / x\of] xf] . GofO / x\of] xf] .Ú of;f{ e]6]sf dfG5]x¿ lrRofpF5g\ .

…s:tf] x'G5 xF < dnfO{ klg b]vfpg'xf];\ g .Ú d cg'/ f]w u5'{ . dfG5]x¿ vGg' cufl8 jf vlg;s]kl5 dnfO{ of;f{ b]vfpF5g\ .

dnfO{ of;f{ e]6\g lgs} d'l:sn eof] . em08} tLg 306fsf] d]xgtkl5 aNn d}n] Pp6f of;f{ e]6]+ . d]/ f] v'zLsf] ;Ldf g} / x]g . d;Fu} ePsf efOn] of;f{ vlglbG5g\ .

dfG5]x¿ sf]xL ;'t]sf 5g\ . sf]xL 3'F8f w;]sf 5g\ . t/ ltgsf cfFvf eg] of;f{ vf]Hgd} tNnLg 5g\ .

o;} aLrdf s]xL ljBfyL{ / lrgf? dfG5]x¿ e]l6G5g\ . PsnfO{ csf{sf] k|Zg, …of;f{ slt e]l6of] xF <Ú u0f]z;Fu klg e]6 eof] . p;n] kfFr j6f e]6]5 . d}n] t Pp6f dfq .

xfdL km]l/ 5'l§of}+ . o;k6s d ljBfyL{;Fu lx8]+ .

la:tf/ } ef]sn] RofKb} lyof] . xfdLn] af]s]sf] vfgf Ps cfk;df afF8\of}+ . d}n] pgLx¿nfO{ / f]6L lbPF . pgLx¿n] dnfO{ 9];' lbP . 9];' kmfk/ af6 ag]sf] Ps k|sf/ sf] lxdfnL kfp/ f]6L . k|foM of;f{u'Daf l6Kg hfFbf 8f]NkfnLn] oxL vfFbf / x]5g\ . klxnf] k6s vfPsf] 9];'sf] :jfb dnfO{ eg] gld7f] nfUof] .

ef]s d]6]kl5 xfdL km]l/ of;f{ vf]Hg yfNof}+ . ;'t]/ , 3f]K6f] k/ ]/ , a;]/ of;f{ vf]Hg tNnLg 5' d . t/ lg/ y{s 5 d]/ f] b[li6 . d]/ f cfFvfn] of;f{ b]Vb} b]Vb}gg\ . c?n] e]6]sf] dfq b]V5g\ d]/ f cfFvf . d]/ f cfFvfsf] b[li6 leq lsg kb}{gg\ of;f{ <

of;f{ vf]lh/ x]sf cfFvf PsfPs Ps gf/ Ldfly k'u]/ cl8G5g\ . sfFwdf sk8fsf] emf]n'ª\uf] agfP/ aRrf em'G8\ofpFb} of;f{ vf]lh/ x]sL l5g\ ltgL . d pgsf] cg'xf/ k9\g vf]H5' . pgsf] cg'xf/ df 5 kL8f, si6, lhhLljiff . pgsf] 5ftLleq kL8fsf] 3gTj slt xf]nf < b'Mvsf] cf/ gdf k]lnP/ hLjgdf oL gf/ L cfkm" / cfˆgf ;GtfgnfO{ s] agfpg rfxlG5g\ xF <

d 8fF8fdf a;]/ k|s[ltkfg ul/ / x]5' . k|s[ltsf] no ;'g]/ d d'Uw 5' . dfG5]x¿ hLjga'6L vf]Hg 5/ ki6 5g\ kf6gel/ .

?s'd 3/ atfpg] Ps efO cln k/ a;]/ lj/ xL efsf ufpF5 . pm cl:t xfdL;Fu} kf6g plSnPsf] lyof] . p;n] k;n];Fu pwf/ f] g'g, rfdn, bfn, sk8f, h'Qf lnP/ cfPsf] s'/ f klg ;'gfPsf] lyof] . pm ;Fu klg y'k|} ;kgfx¿ 5g\ of;f{;Fu hf]l8Psf . p;n] :jf:gLsf] wf]tL km]g'{ 5 . bz}+df aRrfx¿sf] sk8f lsg]sf] pwf/ f] ltg'{ 5 . ut jif{ uf]? lsg]sf] C0f ltg'{ 5 .

s–s;sf slt–slt ;kgfx¿ xf]nfg\ of;f{;Fu hf]l8Psf . 3/ rnfpg], C0f ltg]{, rfdn lsGg], 3/ agfpg], 5f]/ f5f]/ L k9fpg] ===. t/ ;a}sf d'vaf6 Pp6} u'gf;f] ;'lgG5, …o;k6s of;f{ e]l6Pg .Ú

lrGtf nfU5, st} o;kfln ;a}sf ;kgfx¿ afFem} x'g] t xf]Ogg\ <

;"o{ klZrddf k'Ubf gk'Ub} lr;f] a9\g yfNof] . lr;f]n] d]/ f cfFvf b'Vg yfn] . z/ L/ df ysfg a9\g yfNof] . of;f{;Fu ;f6]sf ;kgfx¿ p7fpFb} dfG5]x¿ cf–cfˆgf kfnlt/ kmls{g yfNbf 8f]Nkfsf] ;Unf] laDa x]b}{ d klg cfˆgf] kfnlt/ em/ ]+ .)

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ljBfno hGdg'eGbf klxn] !(*& >fj0fdf ;Nofgsf] 8fF8fufpFdf hGdg k'u]sf ;|i6f tLy{axfb'/ 8fFuLsf] ;flxlTos ofqf @)!) ;fnb]lv z'? ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;Nofg lhNnf k|frLgsfnb]lv

uLt / ;+uLtdf cu|:yfgdf / x]sf] kfOG5 . a'af eLdaxfb'/ 8fFuL / cfdf u0f]zs'df/ L 8fFuLsf] klg uLt ;+uLtdf ljz]if ?lr ePsf sf/ 0f tLy{axfb'/ 8fFuLnfO{ klg w]/ }df uLt ;+uLtdf nfUg] k|]/ 0ff k|fKt x'g k'Uof] .

;|i6f tLy{sf] ;Nofg hGdynf] dfq geP/ sd{ynf] klg xf] . kl5Nnf lbgx?df bfªsf] wgf}/ Ldf a;f]af; ug{ yfn]kl5 bfª klg pgsf] sd{ynf] x'g k'Uof] . ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfdf cfa4 ePsf tLy{axfb'/ 8fFuLn] w]/ } ;+3;+:yfaf6 k'/ :sf/ k|fKt u/ ]sf 5g\ . GofpnL, >4fsf km"n / åGåsf cfF;' pgsf k|sflzt s[ltx? x'g\ .

oxfF åGåsf cfF;'sf] ;dLIff ug]{ hdsf]{ ub}{5' . åGåsf cfF;' @))& ;fnb]lv @)^# ;fn;Ddsf] P]ltxfl;s b:tfj]h xf] . of] P]ltxfl;s b:tfj]hleq ;fdflhs ;Gbe{, oftfoft, ;8s, / fhgLlt, åGåsfn / / fhkl/ jf/ sf] ;Gbe{, b'lgofFn] ef]u]sf kL8fx?, ckf+usf syfJoyfx? cflb ;a}nfO{ Jojl:yt 9+un] cfsif{s kf/ fdf uLlt nodf 9fn]/ ;|i6fn] cfkm\gf] dgf]efj JoSt u/ ]sf 5g\ . ;|i6fn] o; ;fgf] n3'sfJodf cfkm\gf dgsf s'/ fx? ;lhn/ L ;/ n efiffdf JoSt u/ ]sf 5g\ . ;|i6f eG5g\, JolSteGbf kf6L{ / kf6L{eGbf b]z 7"nf] xf] . cyf{t\ b]zsf] k|tLs / fli6«o em08f hf] rGb| ;"o{

c+lst 5, of] g} Pstfsf] k|tLs xf] / xfdL ;a} g]kfnL oxL / fli6«o em08fd'lg c6fpg'kb{5 .

lj=;+= !(*& df hGd]sf ;|i6fn] tTsfnLg ;dodf j:t'x?sf] b/ efpsf] ljifodf o;f] eG5g\, £o" b'O{ ?k}ofF wfgL{, t]n df]x/ wfgL{, b'O{ ?k}ofF d'/ L wfg, ?= % df af]sf, !) df v;L, aL;df ufO{, &% df e}+;L . To:t}, ;'g / hUuf Hofb} ;:tf] ePsf] k|;+u sf]6\ofpFb} ;|i6f eG5g\–

;'gsf] efp lyof] pxLn] Ps tf]nfsf] ;okmfnfkmfn lyof] hUuf lj3fsf] 8]9 ;ohUuf hdLg o:tf]

;:tf] eP klg hf]Tg] dflg;sf] cefjdf afFemf x'Gy] / kf]t ltg{ klg g;s]/ df}hf lnnfd ePsf 36gf ;|i6fn] ;DemG5g\ . cfh hg;+Vof j[l4n] ubf{ hldgsf] dfu a9]sf]n] d"Noj[l4 ePsf] / hldgs} nflu efO–efOdf n¶L xfgfxfg ePsf] 5 . ;b\efjgfo'St ;dfh e]l6b}g\ . klxn]sf] ;dodf oftfoftsf ;fwg 3f]8f, vRr/ / dfG5] lyP . log}n] ;fdfg cf];fg]{ uy]{ . cfh o;f]eGbf gofF k':tfnfO{ ljZjf; gnfUg ;S5 . t/ s'/ f ;To xf] . @))& ;fnb]lv @)!% ;fn;Dd cGtl/ d zf;g rNbf g]tfx?n] efif0f ug{ l;s]sf] s'/ f ;|i6f JoSt ub{5g\ . @)!% ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rgkl5 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;/ sf/ aGof] . g]tfx?n] hgtf;Fu u/ ]sf sa'n k"/ f ug{ gkfpFb} @)!& ;fndf ;+;bLo Joj:yf ;dfKt eof] . To;kl5 k~rfotL Joj:yf cfP klg hgtf ;Gt'i6 gx'Fbf @)#^ ;fndf hgdt

;+u|xdf k~rfotsf] hLt u/ fP klg tL; jif{eGbf a9L rNg g;s]sf] s'/ f ;|i6f ;DemG5g\ . @)$^ ;fndf cfPsf] ax'bnn] klg hgtfsf rfxgfx?sf] kl/ k"lt{ ug{ g;Sbf @)%@ ;fndf dfcf]jfbLn] ljb|f]xsf] cfuf] ;NsfP . of] dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xn] g]kfnsf ljsf;sf ;+/ rgf Wj:t ePsf], efO efOsf] aLrdf le8Gt x'Fbf uf]nL rn]sf] s'/ f o;/ L JoSt u5{g\ ;|i6f–

efO efOd} ef] le8Gt rNg yfn] uf]nLlx8\bf lx8\b} 9n] dfG5]

aGb eof] af]nLljsf;sf ;+/ rgf ;a}

Wj:t eP3/ 5f]8L ?Fb} slt

lj:yflkt ePaGb'saf6} ;Qf sAhf

ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dfcf]jfbL / ;Qf kIfaf6 ePsf] kl/ l:yltsf] ljifodf ;|i6f eG5g\–

aGb'saf6 ;Qf vf]:g dfcf]jfbLn] cfF6]

ltgnfO{ l;Wofpg ;Qf;Lgn] cfF6]

htftt} cl;gfem}+ uf]nL rNg yfn]

8/ nfUbf] eof] o'4 ef]u] hgtfn]

o:tf];Dd eof] ls sfddf uPsf] dfG5] ;fFem kms]{/ cfPg, pt} dfl/ of] . b]zdf b'O6f ;/ sf/ eP . s}of}+sf l;Gb"/ k'l5P, s}of}+ afnaflnsf cgfy x'g k'u] . sltsf 5f]/ f5f]/ L dfl/ P . o'4n] pTkGg u/ fPsf] kl/ l:ylt ;Dem]/ ;|i6f n]V5g\–

sfv l/ Qf] x'Fbf slt d'5f{ kl/ g\ cfdfsf]xL lrg]g aGb'sn] o'4sf] a]nfdfhtf dg nfUof] pt} rNof] tftf] uf]nL

v]lnof] lg hgtfsf / utsf] xf]nLo'4n] u/ ]sf] hgwgsf] Iflt / To;n] kf/ ]sf]

c;/ sf af/ ]df ;|i6f n]V5g\–c/ af}+ wg ;DklQsf] oxfF Iflt eof]kGw| xhf/ a9L g]kfnLsf] Hofg uof]ckfª\u eO ?g]x? emg\ slt 5g\ slt;f9]+ h'wfO afR5f ldrfO / f]lsPg / lt@)^# d+l;/ % ut] åGå cGt ug{sf nflu zflGt

;Demf}tf ePsf] xf] . t/ P]n];Dd hgtfsf] lrQa'em\bf] s] ePsf] 5 / egL ;|i6fn] c;Gt'li6 JoSt u/ ]sf 5g\ . o'4sf] ;dodf elTsPsf ;+/ rgfx? galg;s]sf] b]v]/ ;|i6fn] lrGtf JoSt ub{5g\ . gofF g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ;|i6f eG5g\–

uf; af; gkfO ?g] gxf]; sf]xL klgxfdL klg x'g ;sf}+ c? h:tf] wgLg;sf];\ vf]:g sf]xL xfd|f] :jfledfg;+;f/ d} cem pFrf] agf];\ klxrfgb]zk|]d, g]kfnL x'g'sf] uf}/ j 5rlNsPsf efj;lxt

;|i6fn] s[ltsf] cGt u/ ]sf o:tf x/ kmx? pNn]v u/ ]sf 5g\ s[ltdf–

5rNs]/ bof dfof s?0f ag"g\ 5ftLg]kfnsf] uf}/ j a9f];\ ;a}eGbf dfly;"o{ rGb| 5Fbf;Dd of] b]z afFlr/ xf];\zflGt uLt ufO{ ;w}+ lxdfn xfFl;/ xf];\of] s[ltsf] cfsf/ df ;fgf] eP klg cgdf]n

5 . P]ltxfl;s ePsf]n] k7gLo 5 . o;leq k/ ]sf ljifoj:t'n] ubf{ ufu/ df ;fu/ e/ ]sf] d}n] cg'e"lt u/ ]sf] 5' . uLlt no jf nf]s nodf klg cf–cfkm\gf lgodx? x'G5g\ . tL lgodx?sf] kfngf x'g ;s]sf] eP cem s[lt pTs[i6 aGg] lyof] . st} chGt zAbx? klg xnGt aGg uPsf 5g\ . Pp6} Znf]sdf klg k|To]s nfOgdf cIf/ ;+Vof sdj]zL x'g uPsf] 5 . #@ k[i7sf] s[ltsf] sfuh / se/ cfsif{s Pjd\ / fd|f] 5 . cGTodf, ;|i6fsf] ;':jf:Yo, bL3f{o' / ;flxTo ;fwgfsf] lg/ Gt/ tfsf] sfdgf ub}{ of] ;dLIffsf] aL6 dfg{ rfxG5' .)

vu/fh Gof}kfg]

;lxbdl~hn g6]Sb} efFlrPsf] d]/f] xf8dfly s;–s;nfO{ /Tof}nL v]Ng' 5 v]nd]/f] lrxfgdfly ufl8Psf] em08fd'lgs;–s;nfO{ Knl6ª ug'{ 5 u/ lsgls d dl/;s]sf] 5'd]/f] b]zn] Ps 6'qmf /f]6L a/fa/L afF8]/ vfcf];\ elgd'6'df af?b e/]/ afbzfxsf] 5fltdf k8\lsPFwtL{ yls{of] cfsfz rls{of] clnslt h"g pbfof]Tof] h"g l6Kg ltdLnfO{ dfly p7fPFt/ ltdL t w]/} k/===ablnof] ltd|f] clenfiff ablnof] d]/f] kl/efiffabn kl/jt{g u/ lsgls d dl/;s]sf] 5' d slxn] 6'lqmPFk]l/;8fF8fsf] l;6L ;]G6/df d slxn] tf}lnPF aNv'sf] ;'k/dfs]{6df d slxn] ;fl6PF;fg]kfsf] Knfhfdf d slxn] abgfd ePF s'k08f]nsf] l8kf6{d]G6 :6f]/dfd slxn] n'l6PFlbNnLsf a]Zofnox?df d slxn] s'l6PFjfl;ª\6gsf awzfnfx?df6'qmf kf/tf}n;f6s'6n'6a]rlsgls d dl/;s]sf] 5'

v} d]/f] ;kgfsf] gofF 3/ <v} d]/f] ;kgfn] n]lvPsf] /ftf] lstfa <P sf]xL 5 <of] df6f]sf] :kf6f{s; Û cfpm d]/f] s+ufnsf] lau'n ahfpmhfu"g\ lrxfgaf6d]/f cw"/f ;kgfx? .)))

b'lvofyfxf 5}glhGbuLn] p;nfO{lsg rf]6 lbO/x]5– xhf/ xhf/lsg 3ft lbO/x]5– af/ af/km"n rfxG5 pmcfO/x]5 sfF8} sfF8fpHofnf] dfUb5 pmkfO/x]5 cFWof/} cFWof/f]d':sfg vf]Hb5 pmef]lu/x]5 /f]bg} /f]bga]Odfg b'lgofFsf]:jfyL{ s6f/Ldf wl;g lajz pm Ûslxn] kfpF5 hf]jgsf] ;j{>]i7 ;'v <)))

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b]zsf] vflt/ ub}}{5f} eg], ltd|f] sfdnfO{ ;nfdleQfd} ;xL, sf]l/G5 Tof] ltd|f] gfdnfO{ ;nfd .

af?b xf]Og ;'g, Hofjn af]sL sdfPsf xf} eg] Ps k};} ;xL Tof] xftsf] ltd|f] bfdnfO{ ;nfd .

;x/b]lv w]/} 6f9f, x'g;S5 s'g} Pp6f vf]+rdf o:tf] sd{of]4f hGdfpg] ltd|f] 7fdnfO{ ;nfd .

;a};Fu, sbddf sbd clg xftdf xft ldnfpFb}cfˆg} xftn] ;d]6]sf] Tof] ltd|f] nfdnfO{ ;nfd .

Tof] ltd|f] /ut kl;gf xf], s;}sf] cfF;' xf]Og yfndf 5l/Psf] Psd'7L ltd|f] dfdnfO{ ;nfd .

x/lbg gofF x'G5 eG5g\, dgdf zflGt x'g]x?sf]cfzf;Fu} em'lNsg] Tof] ltd|f] 3fdnfO{ ;nfd .

;'v–b'Mv, lbg–/ft gegL, ltd|} kl;gfn] l;+r]sf]ltdL a:tL a;]sf] ;'Gb/ ltd|f] ufdnfO{ ;nfd .)))

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l s] sf] l;nl;nfdf bfª cfpg'ePsf] xf] <nf]sjftf{ kl/ ifb\ g]kfn, / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb cflb ;+:yfx?åf/ f

cfof]lht rf}yf] / fli6«o nf]sjftf{ ;+uf]i7L @)&! sf] l;nl;nfdf sfo{kq k|:t't ug{ bfª cfOk'u]sf] x'F .

l tkfO{+ dWoklZrdf~rn ;flxTo kl/ ifb\ sf7df8f}+sf] cWoIf x'g'x'G5 . dWoklZrd If]qsf] ;flxlTos cj:yfnfO{ s;/ L x]l/ / xg'ePsf] 5 <

dWoklZrd If]q g]kfnL efiffsf] hGd / ljsf; ePsf] If]q xf] . of] g]kfnL ;+:s[ltsf] pb\ej e"ld / e08f/ klg xf] . g]kfnL efiffsf] hGd jt{dfg s0ff{nLsf] l;+hfdf ePsf] xf] eg] o; efiffsf ;a}h;f] k'/ fgf Pj+ klxnf] clen]v l;+hf ;fd|fHosf] zLtsfnLg / fhwfgL b'Nn'df / x]sf] kfOgfn] ljsf; b'Nn' If]qdf ePsf] :ki6 x'G5 . ef];f], e}nf] cflb ;+:s[ltsf] cf/ De ToxL+sf / fhf aln/ fhn] u/ ]sf] b]lvG5 . To; afx]s yf?, du/ , pb"{, cjwL cflb efiffefifL / ltgsf] ;+:s[ltsf b[li6n] klg of] If]q wgL 5 .

;du|df eGbf k"j{dWosfnsf t'ngfdf oxfFsf] n]Vo ;flxTon] ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnsf] efiff, ;flxTo / ;+:s[ltsf] g]t[Tj lng] l:ylt 5 eGg g;lsP klg oxfFsf] n]Vo ;flxTo Tolt sdhf]/ 5}g t/ nf]s;flxTo / ;+:s[ltsf b[li6n] of] g]kfnd} cu|:yfgdf 5 .

lj=;+= @)$^ sf] kl/ jt{gkl5sf] s'/ f ubf{ eg] g]kfndf lzIff / ;~rf/ sf If]qdf qmflGt g} ePsf] 5 t/ lnlvt ;flxToh:tf] uDeL/ s'/ fdf eg] ;+VofTds?kdf lgs} cufl8 k'u] klg u'0ffTds?kdf cufl8 hfg ;s]s} 5}g . o:t} df}lns nf]s ;flxTo / ;+:s[lt eg] Jofj;floss/ 0f eP/ ljs[t eO ar]sf]afx]s c? t nf]k x'g] l:yltdf 5 .

l tkfO{+sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 x]bf{ dWoklZrdsf] ;flxTodf s'g ljwf ;a}eGbf cufl8 5 < ;fy} s'g ljwf sdhf]/ cj:yfdf 5 <

o; s'/ fnfO{ b'O{ lsl;dn] x]g'{k5{ xf]nf . dWoklZrd If]qaf6 / fli6«o:t/ df k'u]/ ToxfFsf] kl/ j]zdf cfˆgf] klxrfg agfPsf] cy{df / cfˆg} df}lns kl/ j]zdf l;h{gf Pj+ ultljlwdfkm{t\ klxrfg agfPsf] cy{df cyf{t\ ljwfut of]ubfg u/ ]sf] cy{df . klxnf] cy{sf s'/ f ubf{ sljtf / syf ljwf g} ;an b]lvG5 . k'/ fgf] Oltxf;nfO{ 5f]8]/ lj=;+= @)#) kl5 dLgaxfb'/ lji6, Zofdn, cd/ lu/ L, s[i0f ;]g, aneb| ef/ tL cflb y'k|} / fd|f sljsf ?kdf kl/ lrt 5g\ eg] syfdf cln cufl8 cyf{t\ lj;+= @))$÷)% lt/ agf/ ;af6 k|sflzt …pboÚ cflbdf syf k|sflzt ug]{ OGb|dl0f dfgj, hutaxfb'/ l;+x cflbkl5 lj=;+= @)@) sf] bzskl5 ;gt / ]UdL, cd/ zfx, gog/ fh kf08], gGb/ fd nD;fn, uf]/ vaxfb'/ l;+x, k|]d s}bL, anb]j dhu}of, uf]ljGb s';'d x'Fb} gjLg ljef;;Dd cfOk'Ubf / fli6«o:t/ sf] n]vgdf dWoklZrdsf syfsf/ n] / fd|f syfsf/ sf ?kdf cfkm\gf] kl/ ro agfPsf 5g\ .

o;}u/ L vf]h cg';Gwfgsf] If]qdf of]uL g/ xl/ gfy, / Tgfs/ b]jsf]6fb]lvsf] k/ Dk/ f 5 eg] ;dfnf]rgfdf df]xgljqmd, df]xg j}B, 8f= uf]kfnk|;fb zdf{ clwsf/ L, g]q P6d, cd/ lu/ L, b'uf{ 3tL{, 6Lsf/ fd pbf;L cflb ;qmLo 5g\ .

dWoklZrdf~rn If]qdf x]bf{ k|sfz / fhfk'/ L, vu]Gb| lu/ L sf]lknf, 6Lsf/ fd pbf;L, k"0f{ e08f/ L k+sh, dx]Gb| rGb, dxf;fu/ cflbn] uhnnfO{ lgs} dfly p7fPsf 5g\ . afFsL ljwfdf klg Tolt lg/ fzfhgs l:ylt 5}g .

l dWoklZrdf~rn ;flxTo kl/ ifbn] clxn];Dd u/ ]sf ;+:yfut k|of;x? s] s:tf 5g\ / cfufdL of]hgf s] s:tf / x]sf 5g\ <

dWoklZrdf~rn ;flxTo kl/ ifb\ sf7df8f}+ dWoklZrd If]qsf] efiff, ;flxTo ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/ If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] lj=;+= @)%! ;fndf ljlwjt btf{ eO{ :yfkgf ePsf] ;+:yf xf] . o;sf] d"n nIf dWoklZrd If]qsf] efiff, ;flxTo / ;+:s[lt Pj+ ToxL+s} ;|i6f, ;fwsx? ePsfn] o;n] sf7df8f}+df s'g} ultljlw u/ ] klg Tof] dWoklZrds} efiff, ;flxTo / ;+:s[lt;Fu ;DalGwt x'G5 eg] s'g} ljdf]rg, rrf{ kl/ rrf{ eP klg dWoklZrds} ;|i6f / ltgsf s[ltsf] / s[ltdfly x'G5 .

o;} qmddf o;n] sf7df8f}+df dWoklZrd;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg sfo{qmd u'g{sf ;fy} @)%# ;fndf dWoklZrdsf sljtfsf cf/ Deb]lv efiff ;flxTosf] Oltxf;;lxtsf] e"ldsf;lxt s0ff{nL, e]/ L / / fKtLsf z'?b]lvs} k|ltlglw sljsf k|ltlglw sljtfsf] ;+u|x dWoklZrdsf sljtf k|sflzt u¥of] . To;kl5 slj dLgaxfb'/ lji6sf sljtfb]lv ljleGg / rgfsf/ sf s[lt k|sfzg tyf ljdf]rg u/ ]sf] 5 . o:t} lj=;+= @)%^ b]lv To; If]q;Fu k"0f{tM ;DalGwt ;flxlTos klqsf v;fgL k|sflzt ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

o;sf ;fy} cfh cfP/ o; kl/ ifbn] sf7df8f+}df eGbf dWoklZrds} ljleGg lhNnfdf uf]i7L u/ L ToxfFsf efiff, ;flxTo / ;+:s[ltdf sfo{kq k|:t't ug]{, 5nkmn ug]{ cflb sfo{ ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . o; qmddf ;j{k|yd @)^& ;fndf afFs]sf] g]kfnu~hdf e]/ L ;flxTo ;ldlt;Fusf] ;xsfl/ tfdf / fli6«o ;flxTo dxf]T;j ;DkGg u/ ]sf] 5 eg] @)^( h]7 #! / c;f/ ! ut] g]kfnL efiffsf] clen]v ePsf] :yfg b}n]vsf] b'Nn'df a[xt / fli6«o ;flxTo ;Dd]ng ;DkGg u/ ]sf] 5 . o;}u/ L oxL @)&! ;fndf / fKtL c~rnsf] ;Nofgdf ;Nofg / fli6«o snf tyf ;flxTo dxf]T;j ug]{ tof/ L ul/ / x]sf] 5 eg] @)&@ ;fndf nf]s jftf{ kl/ ifb g]kfn;Fusf] ;xsfl/ tfdf ;'v]{tdf kfFrf}+ / fli6«o nf]sjftf{ ;+uf]i7L ug]{ sfo{qmd 5 . ;fy} kl/ ifbn] dWoklZrdsf !% lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt ;flxlTos Oltxf;;lxtsf] Pp6f Oltxf; / ;dfnf]rgfsf] k':ts tof/ ul/ / x]sf] 5 .

l sf7df8f}+df / x]/ oxfFx?n] kl/ ifb rnfO/ xg' ePsf] 5 . s] sf7df8f}+af6 dWoklZrd b]Vg ;lsG5 <

xfdLn] sf7df8f}df a:g' k/ ] klg sf7df8f}+af6 dWoklZrd x]g{s} nflu sf7df8f}df dWoklZrdf~rn ;flxTo kl/ ifb :yfkgf

u/ ]sf xf}+ . xfd|f ;Dk"0f{ sfo{qmd, k|sfzg cflb ultljlw dWoklZrd s]Gb|Lt dfq 5g\ .

l o; If]qsf o'jf ;|i6fx?sf] l;h{g ultljlw s:tf] kfpg'ePsf] 5 < dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fn] 8f= s'df/ axfb'/ hf]zLsf]

ljBfjfl/ lwsf] cg';Gwfgcg';f/ ^ ;o $$ / kl5 k|fKt ePsf u/ L nueu & ;o km'6s/ sljtf n]v]sf 5g\, tLdWo] hf]zLn] hDdf rf/ j6fnfO{ dfq pRrtd dfg]sf 5g\ . cfh o; If]qdf ;flxlTos kqklqsf tyf k':ts k|sfzg, ultljlw / n]vg k|z:t ePsf] 5 . hlt w]/ } l;h{gf eof] To;af6 Ps b'O{ k|ltzt sfnhoL / rgf cfpg ;s] klg w]/ } x'G5 . lsgls ;flxTo eg]sf] uDeL/ s'/ f / x]5 . s}of}+ o'jfx?sf] n]vgnfO{ k|ltef, Jo'TklQ / cEof; tLgj6} kIfsf] pkl:yltn] dfly prfn]sf] 5 .

l clxn] g]kfndf n]vs÷;flxTosf/ x? n]v]/ } afFRg] cj:yf 5 < cfhsf] pkef]QmfjfbL ahf/ n] snf ;flxTonfO{ klg ;:tf]

ahf? pkef]Uo a:t' agfOlbPsf] 5 . o;}n] b]Vg'ePg, cfh nf]suLtx? nf]sdf, nf]s hLjgdf xf]Og ;x/ sf 8fG; / ]:6'/ ]G6df ufOG5g\ . PkmPd / ]l8of], 6]lnlehg cflb >Jo b[Zo ;~rf/ dfWoddf k|:t't x'G5g\, l/ ldS; ul/ P/ . To:t} ;flxTonfO{ klg cfhsf Jofj;flos k|sfzg tyf ;~rf/ dfWodn] cgfjZos clt lj1fkg u/ ]/ e|d km}nfOlbPsf 5g\ / ahf/ sf] ;:tf] pkef]Uo a:t' agfOlbPsf 5g\ . kl/ 0ffdtM lj1flkt x'g g;s]sf] / fd|f] / uDeL/ ;|i6f / ;flxTo cf]em]ndf kg]{, gkl9g] / lj1flkt ePsf] sd :t/ sf] ;:tf] n]vg kf7s;Dd k'Ug] l:ylt l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . olt;Dd ls lj1fkg / kx'Frsf sf/ 0f kb, k|lti7f / k'/ :sf/ ;d]t To:t}n] k|fKt ug]{ k/ Dk/ f x'g yfn]sf] cg'ej x'G5 .

To;sf/ 0f cfh ahf? a:t' ag]sf] clt lj1flkt JolQmsf] clt lj1flkt s[lt a9L laqmL eO{ To;n] ;fdfGo vr{ rnfpg] l:ylt b]lvG5 . ls t nfd} ;dob]lv / fd|} n]vssf ?kdf ljz]if?kdf :yflkt pkGof; syfh:tf cfVofg ljwfsf n]vsx?;DdnfO{ ;fdfGo vr{ rnfpg] l:ylt / x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;sf] csf]{ d'Vo sf/ 0f t ahf/ ;fgf] x'g' klg xf] .

l s]Gb|n] df]km;nnfO{ a]jf:tf u5{ eGg] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5, tkfO{+nfO{ s] nfU5 <

s]Gb|n] df]km;nnfO{ j]jf:tf ug]{ dfq xf]Og ljz]if ;DaGw gx'g], lj1fkg, 1fkg cflb cflbsf] ;Lk gx'g] s]Gb|nfO{ g} klg j]jf:tf u5{ . To:tf] ;Lk ePsf kx'Fr ePsf JolQmx? s'g} uDeL/ tf geP klg df]km;naf6} klg 7"nf–7"nf k|fl1s ;+:yfsf ljz]if sfo{sf/ L kbdf k'u]s} 5g\ .

l ;d;fdlos g]kfnL sljtfsf] cj:yfnfO{ s;/ L x]l/ / xg'ePsf] 5 <

;d;fdlos jf ;dsfnLg eg]sf] To; rln/ x]sf] ;dosf] eGg] xf] . clxn] rln/ x]sf] ;do eg]sf] ;f7Lsf] bzsb]lv ev{/ } cf/ De ePsf] ;Q/Lsf] bzs xf] t/ g]kfnL ;flxTosf] / cem sljtfsf] / fd|f] cWoog eP/ To;sf k|j[lQ v'6\ofO d"n k|j[lQsf cfwf/ df To;sf] gfdfs/ 0f ug]{ sfd eO g;s]sf sf/ 0f tL;sf] bzsotfsf] nfdf] sfn v08nfO{ g} sltkon] ;d;fdlos÷;dsfnLg eGg] u/ ]sf] kfOG5 . To;/ L cWoog ug]{ xf] eg] tL;sf] bzskl5sf] g]kfnL sljtfsf] d"n k|a[lQ eg]sf] oyfy{jfbL k|a[lQ xf] / of] sfn k|ultjfbL sfn xf] t/ ;f7Lsf] bzssf] cGtlt/ k'u]kl5 eg] k|ultjfbL wf/ f tL;kl5 ;f7L;Dd ;+VofTds / u'0ffTds lx;fjn] h'g zlQmsf ;fy plePsf] lyof] ToxL zlQm g/ xg] xf] ls eGg] cg'ej x'G5 .

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ebf}sf] dlxgf lyof] . sg/ ]sf] k'n ev{/ } ag]sf] lyof] . k'nsf] v'a rrf{ uy]{ ptfaf6 k9\g cfpg] ;fyLx? . olt cUnf] 5 . olt nfdf] 5 . dfG5] TofFÚaf6 tn v:of] eg] l;w} dfly k'U5 . k'n ag]kl5 avf{df :s'n cfpg ;lhnf] efÚ5 . 8fFuLsf] 5f]/ f]n] k'naf6 o:t/ L xfd kmfNof] . cflb cflb .

of] ;Dd t l7s} lyof] . Tof] k'ndf ljof]u lkmlndsf] ;'l6ª u¥of x'g\ / ] eg]kl5 Tof] k'n x]g}{ kg]{ ef] . ca xfd|f] u'|kn] ;Nnfx ug{ nfUof] k'n x]g{ hfg] eg]/ . OlGb/ f / b]psnLn]] nf:6sf] b'O6f ljifo 5f]8]/ ef]ln g} hfg] eg] . d / aflnsf eg] Snf; aª\s gug]{ u/ L z'qmaf/ :s'n 5'§L ePkl5 hfg] kIfdf eof}+ . OlGb/ f jnL eg] h'g lbgdf ;xdlt h'6\5 Tolx lbg hfg / fhL lyOg\ . aflnsf / dnfO{ k9fOdf OG6«]:6 eP/ eGbf klg of] s'/ f 3/ df yfxf eof]] eg] ufnL kfOG5 eGg] 8/ lyof] / dflg/ x]sf lyPgf}+ . OlGb/ f / b]psnL xfdLnfO{ Joª\Uo ul/ / x]sf lyP– km:6 cfpg] larf/ xf]nf lg Û xfdL t gk9\g] dfG5] . xfdL t emNn' === xfdL h:tf];Fu lsg ;+ut ug'{ < ltdLx? 7"nf7fnL dfG5]=== cflb OToflb .

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OlGb/ f / b]psnL / fd|f] gfRy] / bf]xf]/ L klg ufpFy] . bf]x/ Ldf OlGb/ fsf] / fd|f] lyof] . OlGb/ f / b]psnL c?sf] pN6fk'N6f gfd / fVg klg l;kfn' . aflnsf / d]/ f] gfd klg / flvlbPsf lyP . aflnsfsf] PnaL cyf{t\ n:s] af]On/ . ld7f] af]Ng] aflnsf df]6L–df]6L lyOg\ . To;}n] pgLx?n] aflnsfsf] gfd PnaL / flvlbPsf lyP . pgLx? dnfO{ x8\8L eGy] . Tolt b'AnL geP klg clxn]eGbf b'AnL g} eg]/ pgLx?n] d]/ f] of] gfd h'/ fOlbPsf lyP . x8\8L gfd h'g'{df cGo b'O{ sf/ 0f klg lyP, klxnf], d pgLx?sf] Knfgdf hlxn] klg …safadf x8\8LÚ x'Gy]+ / ] . csf]{ s'/ f d}n] ltgLx?nfO{ Kof§–Kof§ lxsf{pFbf w]/ } b'VYof] / ] .

xfd|L u|'ksL OlGb/ f jnL eg] v'a ukm nfpFlyg\ . pgsf s'/ f ;'g]kl5 s'g kTofpF s'g s'/ f gkTofpF x'GYof] . lsgeg] pgn] ug]{ kRrL; k|ltzt s'/ f dfq ;To x'Gy] . Tolta]nf kmf]6f] :6'l8of]df kmf]6f] lvRbf ;Fu} lkmNdsf] lx/ f] lx/ f]Ogsf] kmf]6f] ufF:g] -l8lh6n ug]{_ rng v'a a9]sf] lyof] . OlGb/ fn] klg Tolta]nf rrf{df / x]sf PS;g gfos lglvn pk|]tL;Fu kmf]6f] ufFl;5g\ . :s'ndf NofP/ xfdLnfO{ b]vfOg\ / ukm nufOg\, pgn] of] kmf]6f] sf7df08'sf] afn'jf6f/ df uPsf] a]nf lglvn pk|]tL;Fu k|ToIf e]6]/ lvr]sL x'g\ .

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dnfO{ eg] / ]l8of] ;'Gg / sf];{aflx/ sf syf, sljtfsf lstfa k9\g kfP k'UYof] . sIffdf k9fO eO/ x]sf] a]nf ljifosf] lstfaleq syf, sljtfsf lstfa / fv]/ 7f8f] kf/ ]/ kl9/ xGy]+ . d}n] of] u/ ]sf] c? ;/ x?n] yfxf kfpg'x'GYof] ls kfpg'x'GgYof] yfxf 5}g . t/ , g]kfnL ljifosf lzIfs :j= gbg kf}8]nn] o:tf] s'/ f l56f] yfxf kfpg'x'GYof] . Psrf]l6 a]:;/ L emfg'{ ef] klg .

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a]nf}tL vfg uPsf xfdL lk6fO vfP/ kmls{Psf] of] s'/ f :s'ndf kl5–kl5;Dd klg / dfOnf]sf] s8L aGof] . OlGb/ f eGyL, PSsf;L a"9L n¶L af]s]/ s/ fpFb} cfPsf] b]v]kl5 xf];xjf; p8]sf] lyof] / ] . e"ltgL h:tf] b]v]sL lyO / ] a"9L . d eg] a"9L s:tL eg]/ Vofn ug'{eGbf klg efUgd} Jo:t eP5' . To;}n] Psrf]l6 klg k5fl8 kms]{/ x]l/ gF, efu] dfq} . OlGb/ f / b]psnL aflnsfnfO{ nlIft ub}{ xfdL t xfdL eOd\ af]On/ s;/ L efUof] xf]nf < eGy] . aflnsf cfFvf tly{g\ . ;a} xfF:Yof}+ . cf–cfˆgf] cg'ej ;'gfOGYof] . a"9Lsf] Sofl/ s]r/ ul/ GYof] / d/ L–d/ L xfFl;GYof] .

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k"hf cf/ wgf ug]{sf] klg sdL g/ x]sf] s0f{ rnfpg]n] atfP . pgn] eg], …u'kmfx?df / x]sf ljleGg vfnsf cfs[ltx? lgs} / d0fLo / x]sf 5g\ .Ú

:yfgLox?n] s'dfvdf / x]sf] u'kmfaf6 k7fPsf s's'/ x? afFemsfF8fsf] df]Vnf / sfnfufpF yb/ fdf / x]sf] u'kmfaf6 lgl:sPsfn] u'kmfx?sf] nDafO lgs} ePsf] egfO{ 5 . klxn] u'kmfsf] nDafO kQf nufpg ss'/ k7fPsf] a"9fkfsfn] ;'gfPsf lhdfnLsf lnnfw/ / ]UdLn] atfP . pgn] eg], …krf; ld6/ eGbf tn sf]xL uPsf 5}gg\ .

s'dfv k|fs[lts?kdf lgs} dgf]/ d / x]sf] 5 . s'dfvsf] 6'Kkf]af6 !% lhNnfsf e"–efux? b]Vg ;lsG5 . s'dfv kxf8af6 pQ/ df / x]sf l;:g], wf}nflu/ L, rfv'/ ] lxdfn, l8u|] eujtLsf] dlGb/ , hGtL a:g] n]snufotsf 9'ª\u] kxf8 / clwsf+z ufpFx? Pjd\ t/ fO{sf ljleGg e"–efu cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsg] dd{kl/ sfF8fsf lzIfs x]d/ fh s];Ln] atfP . pgsf cg';f/ s'dfv kxf8sf] r'r'/ f]af6 ef/ tsf] ?k}l8of;Dd b]Vg ;lsG5 .

s'dfv kxf8df pRr kxf8L h+undf kfOg] dxTjk"0f{ hl8a'6L, a:gklt, km"nx? klg kfOG5g\ . To:t}, b'n{e dflgPsf r/ fr'?ª\uL / h+unL hgfj/ x? klg s'dfv kxf8sf cf;kf;df / x]sf h+undf kfOg] u/ ]sf 5g\ . kxf8df / x]sf u'kmf, vf]+r / jgh+un lgs} afSnf] / x]sfn] klg h+undf / ft] d[u, 3f]/ n, lrt'jf / x]sf] :yfgLosf] egfO{ 5 . kl5Nnf] s]xL ;dootf s'dfv / cf;kf;sf h+undf rf]/ L lzsf/ L a9]sf] eGb} :yfgLo l8NnLk|;fb h};Ln] ;+/ If0ftkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg hfg'kg]{ atfP . pgn] eg], …k|fs[lts / wfld{s dxTjsf] s'dfv kxf8sf] ;+/ If0f, ljsf; / ;Dj4{gdf ;a} nfUg h?/ L 5 . jGohGt'x?sf] ;'/ lIft af;:yfgsf ?kdf ;d]t s'dfvsf] jgh+un ;+/ lIft ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .Ú

s'dfvnfO{ b[Zofjnf]sgsf nflu Eo"6fj/ sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;s] cfGtl/ s ko{6gsf ;fy} afXo ko{6gsf] uGtJo s'dfv aGg ;Sg] lglZrt 5 . s'dfv kxf8 eP/ 9f]/ rf}/ –u'?bf;]–:ofgLlkknL ;8s, yf/ df/ ]–rf}/ kfgL–cf]v/ af]6 u'?bf;] ;8s lgdf{0f

ul/ Psf] 5 . b'a}lt/ af6 s'dfvsf] 6'Kkf]df k'Ug psfnf] Ps 306f k}bn ofqf u/ ] 6'Kkf]df k'Ug ;lsG5 . s'dfvsf] 6'Kkf]df clxn] blIf0f klZrd df]x8faf6 cf/ f]x0f ;xh / x]sf] 5 . k|fs[lts Pj+ wfld{s ko{6sx?sf] nflu cWoog, cg'udg / b[Zofjnf]sg ug{sf nflu s'dfv kxf8 / fd|f] uGtJo aGg ;S5 .

wfld{s ljZjf;sf ;fy eQmhgx?n] s'dfvdf / x]sf] l;4 dlGb/ df rt'b{zL / sf]hfu|t k"l0f{dfsf] lbg k"hf cf/ wgfsf ug]{ u/ ]sf] k'hf/ L nfnaxfb'/ 8fFuLn] atfP . pgn] eg], …klxnf] k6s s'dfv k'Ug]n]] ;ft k6s dlGb/ sf] kl/ qmd u/ ]/ a/ dfUg] / ;f] k"/ f ePkl5 e]8fsf] aln r9fpg] k|rng rlncfPsf] 5 .

s'dfvdf sf]hfu|t k"l0f{dfsf lbg l;4 dlGb/ b]lv !

lsnf]ld6/ tn lhdfnLtkm{sf] ;dy/ e"–efudf d]nf -hfqf_ nfUg] ub{5 . d]nfdf cf;kf;sf ljleGg ufpFsf d]nf?x?n] :yfgLo nf]s;+:s[lt emNsg] aguf8L, 6Kkf, ;f]/ 7L, k};]/ L, bf]x/ L ,;]/ ]ª\u]h:tf gfr k|bz{g ug]{ ub{5g\ . cf–cfˆgf ufpFsf klxrfg d]nfdf b]vfpg], hd36g x'g] kj{sf ?kdf s'dfv d]nfnfO{ lnOg] ;flxTosf/ Pjd\ / fhgLltsdL{ df]xnfn rGbn] atfP . nf]s;+:s[ltdf s'dfv d]nfn] 6]jf k'¥ofP klg lj:tf/ } nf]k x'g yfn]sf]k|lt pgn] lrGtf JoSt u/ ] .

k"jf{wf/ sf] lgdf{0fsf] ;fy} k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ ;s] o;af6 cfGtl/ s / afXo ko{6gsf] s]Gb|sf] ?kdf s'dfv kxf8 ko{6g uGtJo aGg ;Sg] k|z:t ;Defjgf / x]sf] 5 .

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k|tLs OR5's zdf{

km'r'+u|L M xfd|f k|r08 c+snsf] s'/f ;'Gg' ef] sfsf < v'nf d~raf6 h'Fuf a6fb}{ sf+u|]; / Pdfn] klxrfg;lxtsf] ;+3Lotfdf gcfP hgljb|f]x ug]{ r]tfjgL kf] lbg'eP5 xlu <

sfsf M o:t} xf] km'RrL g]kfnsf] rng . ;Qfdf hf] 5 p;n] b'a} sfg y'g]/ a:g] clg ljkIfLsf] s'/} g;'Gg] . ljkIfLn] rflx+ wDsLdfly wDsL lbO/xg] . slxn]sfxL+ wDsL lbg] ;Qfdf uP eg] p;n] klg sfg g;'Gg] clg klxn] sfg g;'Gg]n] rflx+ km]l/ wDsLdfly wDsL lbO/xg] . ls s;f] <

km'r'+u|L M clg xfd|f ;'zLnÚbf / s]kL zdf{ cf]nL c+snaLr t sfgsf] hfnL km'6\g] u/L df]landf rsf{rsL{ / egfeg kf] ef] /] lg <

sfsf M Pp6fnfO{ yfx} glbP/ csf]{n] skfsk vfg yfn]kl5 a"9fx?sf] rsf{rsL{ efÚsf] /] . sfgsf] hfnL km'6\g]dfq x}g em08} ;/sf/sf] s';L{;d]t e"OFrfnf]n] xNnfPem}+ xNnfPsf] /] . wGg 9Nbf9Nb} ar]sf] /] lg . a'lem;\ <

km'r'+u|L M xfd|f] ;+ljwfg;efdf km]l/ sfo{tflnsf km]g]{ s'/f cfP5 sfsf . logLx?n] xfd|f] k':tf dl/;s]kl5 klg ;+ljwfg agfpFb}gg\ ls Sof xf] lg <

sfsf M vf]O{ < tF km'RrL kmt/kmt/ ubf{ub}{ olt 7"nL eOxfln;\ . t]/f] k':tfsf] kfnfdf t h;f]t;f] cfOxfNnf . a? d a"9f] kf] u0ftflGqs gofF g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg gb]v]/} d5'{ ls Sof xf] Û

km'r'+u|L M xfd|f 8\of; dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf df]xg j}B c+snn] t kf6L{ km'6fpgfn] Pdfcf]jfbL / cfˆgf] kf6L{nfO{ 3f6f nfu]sf] kf] atfP5g\ . …s'g ultsf] dlt 3§df xfn]/ emg 36LÚ eg]h:tf] eP5 ls Sof xf] sfsf < a"9fsf] a'l4 lkm/]s} xf] t <

sfsf M pkm ÛÛÛ s] s] ;f]W5] of] km'r'+u|L klg <<<ÛÛÛ

kqsf/ Pjd\ ;flxTosf/ u0f]z cf]nLsf] n3' v08sfJo efUo/]vfsf] z'qmaf/ ;dLIff ul/Psf] 5 . /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\ bfª zfvfsf] lgoldt sfo{qmdcGtu{t z'qmaf/ efUo/]vf v08sfJosf] ;dLIff ul/Psf] xf] .

kl/ifb bfª zfvfsf cWoIf sdndl0f b]jsf]6fsf] cWoIftf Pj+ zfvf ;Nnfxsf/ >Ls[i0f zdf{ …klysÚsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;flxTosf/ vu]Zj/ e08f/L / ;flxTosf/ Pjd\ kqsf/ s]Pn kLl8tn] s[ltsf] ;dLIff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;dLIfsåo e08f/L / kLl8tn] n3' v08sfJo efUo/]vfdf b'MvL, ul/a / kLl8tx?sf] lrTsf/ af]n]sf] eGb} ;|i6fn] ;flxTosf If]qdf snd rnfO/xg cfu|x ug'{eof] . ;|i6fdf n]vgLdf k|v/tf eP klg lg/Gt/tfsf] cefj ePsf] eGb} ;dLIfsåon] cfufdL lbgx?df ;|i6fn] gofF s[ltx? Nofpg'kg]{ ;'emfj lbgePsf] lyof] .

zfvf pkfWoIf v]d/fh dNnfsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ;lrj bLks zdf{ …;ld/Ún] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

o;}aLr zfvfsf] lgoldt sfo{qmdcGtu{t cfufdL dlxgfsf] clGtd z'qmaf/ ;flxTosf/ tyf kqsf/ s]Pn kLl8tsf] emf]nf / ;kgfx? sljtf ;+u|xsf] ;dLIff sfo{qmd /flvPsf] zfvf ;lrj bLks zdf{ …;ld/Ún] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

o;}aLr rf}yf] nf]s jftf{ /fli6«o ;+uf]i7Lsf] cj;/ kf/]/ bfª cfpg'ePsL ;flxTosf/ zzL

k|]dsf] askq / efUo/]vfsf] ;dLIff

yfkf kl08tsf] …k|]dsf] askqÚ sljtf ;+u|xsf] klg z'qmaf/ ;dLIff sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf pSt s[ltsf] ;dLIff ul/Psf] xf] .

sf7df08f}+ lgaf;L kl08tsf] sljtf ;+u|x …k|]dsf] askqÚsf] ;flxTosf/ 8f=s[i0f/fh l8;L / ;l/tf b]jsf]6fn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . kl/ifb\sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k'?iff]Qd vgfnsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;|i6f zzL yfkf kl08tn] bfªdf

cfkm\gf] s[ltsf] ;dLIff sfo{qmd ug{ kfpFbf lgs} v';L ePsf] atfpg'eof] . kl/ifb\sf jl/i7 pkfWoIf 6Lsf/fd pbf;Lsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;flxTosf/ cflbd s];L / sdndl0f b]jsf]6fn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnL l;g]dfsf] cGt/ f{li6«o ahf/ la:tf/ ug{ eGb} g]kfn rnlrq k|fljlws ;+3n] xªsªdf lkmNd cjf8{sf] cfof]hgf ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . OG6/ g]zgn g]kfnL lkmNd cjf8{ -OGkmf_sf nflu gflosf ´/ gf yfkf, lgdf{tf ;'lgns'df/ yfkf;lxtsf] 6f]nL xªsª k'lu;s]sf] 5 .

lgdf{tf ;'lgns'df/ yfkfn] k|fljlws ;+3;“u ;xsfo{ ub}{ xªsªdf cjf8{ cfof]hgf ug{ nfu]sf x'g\ . xªsª k'Ug] 6f]nLdf gflosf ´/ gf yfkf, lgdf{tf afa'/ fd bfxfn, lgb]{zs ;'/ ]zbk{0f kf]v|]n,

g]̂ 6fsf pkfWoÔ k|sfz dx/ f, z+s/ kf08], tf/ f yfkf, klx/ g l8hfOg/ / f]lhg >]i7 xªsª k'u]sf x'g\ .

sflt{s # ut] x'g nfu]sf] …;ftf} g]̂ 6f lkmNd cjf8{Úsf] tof/ Lsf nflu kqsf/ ;lxt snfsf/ x?sf] 6f]nL zlgaf/ xªsªtkm{ nfUg]5 . xªsªdf / x]sf] u|]6 kkm]{6 sDkgLn] cjf8{ Joj:yfkgsf] lhDdf lnPsf] 5 . sl/ a *) eGbfdflysf] ;+Vofdf snfsf/ tyf kqsf/ x? xªsªdf / x]sf] …jLkL OG6/ g]zgn xnÚdf sflt{s # ut] cjf8{df ;xefuL x'g]5g\ .

lgdf{tf ;'lgn s'df/ yfkfn] g]kfnL l;g]dfnfO{ cGt/ f{li6«o ahf/ df k'¥ofpgsf nflu cfkm"n] 7"nf] / sd nufgL ub}{ k|fljlws ;+3;“u ;xsfo{ u/ ]sf] atfP .

o;cl3 dn]l;ofdf lgdf{tf ;'jf; lu/ Lsf] ;fydf cjf8{ cfof]hgf u/ ]sf] g]kfn rnlrq k|fljlws ;+3n] o;k6s xªsªdf cjf8{sf] cfof]hgf ug{ nfu]sf] xf] .

o;}aLr sfdgf dfl;sn] ;LhL OG6/ 6]Gd]G6;“usf] ;xsfo{df ;LhL sfdgf lkmNd cjf8{ @)&! sf] nflu ljleGg @^ ljwfdf dgf]gog ;fj{hlgs u/ ]sf] 5 . k|To]s ljwfdf %÷% dgf]gog ;"lr ;fj{hlgs ul/ Psf] xf] .

sfdgfn] @)&) j}zfv ! ut]b]lv r}q d;fGt;Dd ;fj{hlgs k|bz{gdf cfPsf g]kfnL lkmNdx?nfO{ ;fd]n ul/ o;} jÈ{af6 cjf8{sf] ;'?jft ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . h;df xf]:6]n, dx;';, df]Ô, gfO{ geGg' n–@ / df}gaLr k|lt:kwf{ x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .

xªsªdf g]kfnL lkmNd cjf8{

t:jL/ M cgnfOgva/