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@)#( ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] 3/]n'' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{non] clxn];Dd dlxnf tLg xhf/ ^ ;o %( / k''?if Ps xhf/ gf} ;o *$ u/L kf“r xhf/ ^ ;o $# hgfnfO{ ljleGg pBdzLntf;DaGwL tflnd lbO;s]sf] k|d''v pBf]u clws[t xl/k|;fb kf08]on] hfgsf/L lbg''eof] . t/ tflnd lnPsf oL JolQmx?df OR5fzlQmsf] sdLsf sf/0f &% k|ltzt JolQmx?n] cfkm"n] cfh{g u/]sf] ;Lkcg'';f/Joj;fo gu/]sf] pxf“sf] u'gf;f] 5 . …xfdLn]xftdf ;Lklagf sfd 5}g eG5f} +Ú– pxf“n]eGg''eof]– …t/ clxn] dfG5]x?n] ;LknfO{ 6fOdkf;sf] ?kdf lng] u/]sf 5g\, ;Lk l;s]sf]k|df0fkq lnG5g\ clg afs;df yGSofp“5g\ .Ú
pxf“sf cg'';f/ 3/]n'' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{non] clxn];Dd lbPsf tflndsf] tYof+s / tflnd lnPsfx?sf] pknlJw vf]Hb} hf“bf /fHosf] 7"nf] nufgL v]/ uPsf] h:t} ePsf]5 . …x/]s jif{ /fHon] 3/]n'' sfof{nodfkm{t pBdzLntf ljsf;sf nflu nfvf} + ah]6 vr{ u5{ t/ tflnd lnbf pBdL aG5f} + eGg]x? l;k l;s]kl5 x/fP/ hfG5g\Ú– kf08]on] eGg''eof]–…sfof{nosf] tYof+s x]bf{ / pBdL vf]Hbf /fHosf]nufgL v]/ uPsf] h:t} 5 .Ú ;Lk l;s]kl5 nufgLsf] cefjdf eGbf pgLx?sf] OR5fzlQmsf]
sdLsf sf/0f ;Lk / /fHosf] nufgL v]/ uPsf]pxf“sf] egfO 5 .
rfn'' cfly{s jif{df klg 3/]n'' sfof{non]Ps ;ohgfnfO{ ljleGg pBdzLn tflnd lbb}5 . lhNnfsf] cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g, ;Lk ljsf;, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|zf;gnufotsf ljleGg sfo{qmdcGtu{t sfof{non] @# nfv !) xhf/ ?k}of“ vr{ ub{}5 . h;cGtu{t cf}Bf]lus k|j4{g tyf ;Lk ljsf;;DaGwL tflnddf !) nfv, tTsfn ;Lk ljsf;df cf7 nfv ?k}of“ cfPsf] k|d''v pBf]u clws[t kf08]on] hfgsf/L lbg''eof] . tTsfn ;Lk ljsf; sfo{qmdcGtu{t lhNnfsf kf“r lgjf{rg If]qdf @)÷@) hgf u/L Ps ;ohgfnfO{ ;Lkd"ns tflnd lbg nfluPsf]pxf“n] atfpg''eof] . clxn] If]q g+= @ cGtu{t /fdk''/df vfB k|zf]wg;DaGwL tflnd ;~rfng eO/x]sf] / tTsfn If]q g+= % sf] wgf}/Ldf l;nfOs6fO tflnd ;~rfngsf] tof/Ldf /x]sf]sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .
To:t} If]q g+= ! sf] ndxLdf j]bjf;sf d''8f lgdf{0f, If]q g+= # sf] 3f]/fxLdf ufd] {G6 l;nfOs6fO / If]q g+= $ sf] lahf}/Ldf j]s/L ;DaGwL tflnd x''g]5g\ .
rfn'' cfjdf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fdf tLg nfv, ahf/ lj:tf/ pBdLdf ^) xhf/, ckf+u tyf blntnfO{ ;Lkd"ns tflnddf Ps nfv, of]hgf th'{df uf]i7Ldf %) xhf/, sfof{nosf]a''sn]6 lgdf{0fdf Ps nfv, pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|zf;gdf Ps nfv / cg''udg lg/LIf0fdf Ps nfv bz xhf/ ?k}of“ ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . sfof{nosf] k|zf;lgs tyf ljleGg sfo{qmddf u/L ;/sf/n] rfn'' cfjdf 3/]n'' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{nosf nflu %& nfv ^( xhf/?k}of“ ljlgof]hg u/]sf] 5 .
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/fdk'/ -bfª_, !$ k'; . /fdk'/–! sL $% jifL{of >Ls'df/L 8f“uLn]Jofj;flos?kdf afv|fkfng ug{ z'? ug'{ePsf] 5 . ljutdf lgjf{xd'vL afv|fkfng ub} { cfpg'ePsL 8f“uLn]clxn] !^ j6f afv|f Jofjf;flos?kdf kfNg yfNg'ePsf] xf] .
:yfgLo Ps ;xsf/Laf6 b'O{ nfv ?k}of“ C0f lnP/ Jofj;flos?kdf afv|fkfng z'? u/]sf] pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . …afv|fkfng u/]/ cfDbfgLsf];|f]t a9fpg] d]/f] of]hgf xf]Ú– 8f“uLn]eGg'eof]– …3/ kl/jf/df vr{ wfGg ufx|f] ePkl5 d}n] afv|fkfng z'? u/]sL x'“ .Ú pxf“sf >Ldfgn] Hofnfbf/Ldf ufp“3/d} sfd ug'{x'G5 eg] 5f]/fn]uf8L rnfpg] sfd ug'{x'G5 . 5f]/f />Ldfg\sf] sdfOn] lgoldt 3/ vr{ dfq} rNg] ePsfn] k};f artsf nflu afv|fkfngtkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] 8f“uLn]atfpg'eof] .
;f] 7fp“sL ;/:jtf s];L clxn]Jofj;flos afv|fkfngsf nflu ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf /fdk'/df C0f lng] k|lqmofdf x'g'x'G5 . b'O{ nfv ?k}of“ C0f lnP/ tTsfn Jofj;flos ?kdf afv|fkfng ug] { of]hgf agfPsf]pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …clxn];Dd 3/df ;fdfGo vr{ h'6fpgsf nflu afv|fkfng ub} { cfPsL 5', slDtdf !% j6f afv|f kfn] + eg] cln sdfO{ ug{ ;lsG5 ls eg]/ ;f]r]sL 5'Ú– s];Ln]eGg'eof]–…>Ldfg\ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg'x'G5, pxf“sf] sdfOn] 3/ vr{ ubf{ k|ult gx'g] eof], To;}n] d}n]5f]/f5f]/Lsf] k9fO tyf 3/ vr{sf]nflu Jofj;flos?kdf afv|fkfng ug{ yfn]sL x'“ .Ú clxn] cfkm"n] s]xL afv|f tyf s'v'/f kfn]sfn] ca o;nfO{ Jofj;flos ?k lbg] ;f]r
agfPsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . ;w}>Ldfgsf] sdfOdf e/ kbf{ cfkm"nfO{ ;d:of kg] { u/]sf] s];Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
:yfgLo dL/f s];Lsf >Ldfg k};f sdfpg l5d]sL d'n's ef/t hfg] ug'{x'G5 . pxf“sf] sdfOn] dfq 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] k9fO vr{ h'6fpg ufx|f]ePkl5 dL/f klg clxn] Jofj;flos afv|f kfngtkm{ cfslif{t x'g'ePsf]5 . …5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ af]l8{ª :s"ndf k9fO/x]sL 5'Ú– s];Ln] eGg'eof]– …;a}s'/f >Ldfgdf e/ kg'{ klg t eP lg .Ú
>Ls'df/L, ;/:jtf / dL/f t k|ltlglw kfq x'g'x'G5 . kl5Nnf] ;do /fdk'/sf clwsf+z dlxnfx? Jofj;flos s[liftkm{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . ljz]if u/]/ >Ldfg\x? j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg]x? Jofjf;flos s[lifttkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] :yfgLoaf;Lx? atfp“5g\ . Jofj;flostf;“u} oxf“sf
dlxnfx?n] 3/sf] cfly{s k|zf;gsf]lhDd]jf/L;d]t ;DxfNb} cfPsf 5g\ . …>Ldfgn] dfq sdfp“bf kf] pgLx?sf]clwsf/ x'G5, xfdLn] klg sdfpg] eP kl5 t cfkm\gf] klg clwsf/ eOxfN5 lgÚ– :yfgLo t'n;f zfxn] eGg'eof] . >Ldfgn] dfq sdfp“bf 3/ emu8f a9L x'g] u/]sf] pxf“n] cg'ej ;'gfpg'eof] . cfkm"n] ;d]t sdfpg yfn]kl5 3/vr{ rnfpg'sf ;fy} 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ k9fpg ;lhnf] ePsf] zfxn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
:yfgLo ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf /fdk'/df dfq ^ ;o !^ hgf ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . o;dWo] # ;o &^ hgf dlxnf ePsf] ;xsf/Lsf k|aGws l8NnL/fh 1jfnLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;xsf/Ln] xfn;Dd tLg s/f]8 ^) nfv ?k}of“ nufgL u/]sf] 5 . o;dWo]clwsf+z nufgL s[lif If]qdf ePsf]1jfnLnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
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;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf /fdk'/sf k|aGws;“u Joj;foLs afv|f kfngsf] ljifodf 5nkmn ub}{ :yfgLo dlxnf .
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sf7df8f} +, !$ k'; . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ljjflbt ljifodf ;xdlt h'6fpg] k|of;:j?k ;f]djf/ dw]zL df]rf{;lxt k|d'v rf/ bnsf zLif{ g]tfx?aLr 5nkmn ePsf] 5 .
k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/df laxfg g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn], Pdfcf]jfbL / dw]zL df]rf{sf zLif{ g]tfx¿aLr cfOtjf/ sfo{bnn] k]z u/]sf];'emfjdfly 5nkmn eP klg s'g} lg0f{o ePg .
a}7skl5 ;bf em} + g]tfx¿n] ;sf/fTds 5nkmn / s'/fsfgL eof] eGg] u/] klg kl/0ffd eg] z"Go b]lvPsf] 5 . rf/ bnsf] a}7sdf ljjflbt ljifodf ;sf/fTds 5nkmn eP klg s'g}lgisif{df k'Ug g;lsPsf] Pdfn] cWoIf s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …k|wfgdGqL, Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf / kmf]/d g]tf uR5bf/aLr s'/fsfgL eof] . ;xdlt ubf{ gx'g] s'/f] 5}g . s'/fsfgL 6'+luG5, 6'+lub}g t d eGg ;lSbg, nrstf gb]vfPs}klg eGg ldNb}g t/ w]/ } 7fp“ cfkm\gf] x}l;otdf otfplt ul/xfn]sf] l:ylt klg xf]Og, To;f] x'gfn]clns hl6n cj:yf b]V5' .Ú
a}7sdf ;+3Lotf, zf;sLo :j?k, lgjf{rg k|0ffnL / Gofo k|0ffnLdf bnx¿aLr v'n:t /nrstfsf ;fy 5nkmn u/L ;xdlt glhssf]cj:yfdf k'u]sfn] a'wjf/ k'gM a}7s a;]/6'+Uofpg] g]tfx¿aLr ;xdlt ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d g]kfn -nf]stflGqs_ sf cWoIf ljhos'df/ uR5bf/n] eGg'eof]– …;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf rf/j6} ljjflbt ljifodf bnx¿aLr /fd|f] / ;sf/fTds 5nkmn ePsf] 5,
a'wjf/ km]l/ a:g] s'/f ePsf] 5, tkfO“x¿n] of];xof]u ul/lbg'k¥of] ls xfdL hlt eG5f} + Tolt g}n]lvlbg'xf];\ .Ú
o;cl3 a}7saf6 aflxl/g] qmddf Pdfn]sf jl/i7 g]tf emngfy vgfnn] rf/ bnaLr 5nkmn eP klg ;xdlt x'g] ;Defjgf IfL0f aGb} uPsfn]ca k|lqmofdf hfg'sf] ljsNk gePsf] k|ltlqmof lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sf+u|]; pk;efklt /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] klg rf/ bnsf zLif{ g]tfx¿aLr ljjflbt ljifodf v'n:t 5nkmn eP klg clxn] g} s] x'G5 eGg g;lsg] wf/0ff k|s6 ug'{eof] .;xdlt geP k|lqmofdfM ;efWoIf
;+ljwfg;efsf cWoIf ;'jf; g]Djfªn];+j}wflgs–/fhgLlts ;Djfb tyf ;xdlt ;ldltsf]k|ltj]bg, @)&! dflysf] 5nkmn ;dfKt x'“bf klg bnx¿df ;xdlt gePsf] cj:yfdf ;efsf] lgod, k|rng / k|lqmofcg';f/ sfo{ x'g] atfpg'ePsf]5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;f]djf/sf] a}7sdf ;ef;b\n];efWoIfn] e"ldsf v]Ng k6s–k6s Wofgfsif{0f u/fPkl5 ;+lIfKtdf :ki6 kfb{} ;ef;b\x¿n] g};do dfu u/]sfn] af]Ng ;do lbPsf] hgfp“b} of]qmd ;lsbf klg ;xdlt geP lgod, k|rng /k|lqmofcg';f/ cl3 a9\g] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf sdM Pdfcf]jfbL
PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] g]skf Pdfn], sf+u|];nufotsf ;Qfwf/L bnn] ;xdltdf av]8f l´s]sf] cf/f]k nufp“b} ca ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf sd ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . pgLx?s} sf/0F df3 * leq} ;+ljwfg gcfpg] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . ;f]djf/sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt a}7sn] ;xdltsf];Defjgf Go"g /x]sf] 7x/ ub} { cfGbf]ngdf hfg]lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
a}7sn] ;xdlt geP o;cl3b]lv kf6L{n]/fVb} cfPsf] c8fgnfO{ klg sfod} /fVg] lg0F{o ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg hf/L gx'g] 7x/ u/]sf]Pdfcf]jfbLn] cfÎgf ;ef;bx?nfO{ lhNnfdf hfg kf6L{n] lgb] {zg;d]t lbPsf] 5 . zLif{ g]tfx?nfO{ bafa lbg o'jf ;ef;b\ ;d"x
;+ljwfg hf/L ug] { elgPsf] ;do cfpg}nfUbf klg ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] 9'Sssf] jftfj/0f gag]kl5 ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf o'jf ;ef;bn]zLif{ g]tfx?nfO{ bafa lbg o'jf ;ef;b ;d"x u7g u/]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn], PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLnufotsf bnsf ;ef;bn] o'jf ;ef;b ;d"x u7g u/]sf x'g\ . ;d"xdf s/La %) hgf ;ef;b 5g\ . o'jf ;ef;b ;d"xn] ;f]djf/ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0Fdf ;xdlt vf]Hg] ljÈodf ;+ljwfgljb\ gLnfDa/ cfrfo{, k|f= s[i0F xf5]y'nufot;“u 5nkmn u/]sf] 5 . 5nkmnsf] z'?d} ;ef;bx?n]zLif{{ g]tfx?n] ;xdltsf] gfddf cfkm"x?nfO{ a]sDdf agfPsf] u'gf;f] u/] .
o'jf ;ef;bsf] u'gf;f]kl5 ;+ljwfgljb\ gLnfDa/ cfrfo{n] zLif{ g]tfx?nfO{ afOkf; u/L ;+ljwfg;efdf ;xdltsf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;ef;b;“u cfu|x ug'{eof] . pxf“n] ;ef;bnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf k|:tfj k]z ug{ lgodfjnLn]g/f]Sg] atfpg'eof] .
k|f= s[i0f xf5]y'n] ;ef;bnfO{ zLif{ g]tfsf]/a/:6\ofDkdf ;Lldt gx'g cfu|x ug'{eof] . pxf“n];+ljwfg agfpg] lhDd]jf/L zLif{ g]tfx?nfO{ ;'lDkP ;+ljwfg slxn] hf/L x'G5 eGg] s'/f clglZrt x'g]eGb} o'jf ;ef;b;fd' cfÎgf] e"ldsf b]vfpg] a]nf cfPsf] atfpg'eof] .
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3f]/fxL, !$ k'; -o';_– bfªsf] 3f]/fxLb]lv ?s'd ;Nn];Dd lbjf a; ;]jf z'? ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 t'n;Lk'/af6 ?s'd;Dd a; ;]jf ;~rfng ePsf]eP klg 3f]/fxLaf6 eg]klxnf]k6s ;f]djf/b]lv a; ;]jf z'? ePsf] xf] .
;f]djf/ laxfg gf @ v (^#( gDa/sf] a; klxnf]k6s 3f]/fxLaf6 ?s'dsf nflu 5'6]sf] xf] . ca x/]s lbg laxfg ;jf & ah] 3f]/fxLaf6 a; ;]jf ;~rfng x'g]5 . 3f]/fxLb]lv ?s'd d';Lsf]6;Ddsf] ef8f ^ ;o &) / ;Nn];Ddsf]ef8f ^ ;o *% ?k}of“ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] /fKtL ;fj{hlgs oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldltsf sfof{no k|d'v 8f= nf]s/fh k/fh'nLn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
o;}aLr /fKtL ;fj{hlgs oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldlt / ?s'd]nL Pstf ;dfh bfªn] 3f]/fxL a;kfs{df Ps sfo{qmd u/L ;]jf cf/Desf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . /fKtL ;ldltsf sfof{no k|d'v 8f= nf]s/fh k/fh'nLn] a;sf] xg{ ahfP/;]jf z'? ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] .
3f]/fxL a; sfpG6/sf O~rfh{ ?knfn bzf} +bL …/fh'Úsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ?s'd]nL Pstf ;dfhsf k|ltlglw s]z/dfg la;L, k|x/L aL6 a;kfs{sf O~rfh{ gGb/fd s];L, uf8L wgL g/xl/
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lvdaxfb'/ b]jsf]6f(*$&*@)@#&, )*@–%^)@!$
g]kfn ;/sf/:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno
lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, ?s'dGofgf] emf]nf v/Lb;DaGwL lznaGbL af]nkq cfx\jfgsf] ;"rgf †
cf=j=@)&!.)&@ sf] nflu o; sfof{no cGtu{t lhNnf c:ktfn / aly{ª ;]G6/x?df cfO{ ;'Ts]/L x'g] cfdf / aRrfsf] nflu k|f=:jf=s]Gb|, :jf=rf}sL tyf pk–:jf:Yo rf}sLx?df cfjZos kg]{ Gofgf] emf]nf lznaGbL af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] OR5's Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfx?n] lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL lznaGbL af]nkq v/Lb u/L k]z ug'{x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .tkl;nM Gofgf] emf]nf lznaGbL af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 cfk"lt{ ug{ rfxg] OR5's g]kfnL gful/sn] g]kfnL
gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk, gjLs/0f ePsf] kmd{ tyf sDkgL btf{ k|df0fkq, sk8f ljt/0f ug{ kfpg] Ohfht k|df0fkq, d"=c=s/ btf{ k|df0fkq, s/ r'Qmf k|df0f kq -cf=j=)&).)&!_ / :yfoL n]vf gDa/ btf{ k|df0fkqx?sf] k|ltlnlk;lxt lgj]bgdf ?=!).–sf] l6s6 6fF;L of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltn] #) cf}+ lbg;Dd sfof{no ;doleq ?=!))).– lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L /fhZj lt/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no / o; sfof{noaf6 af]nkq kmf/fd v/Lb ug{ ;lsg]5 .
;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) cf}+ lbg;Dd laqmL ePsf af]nkq kmf/fd ;fy lgodcg';f/ x'g cfpg] w/f}6L /sd ?=#())).– sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no, ?s'dsf] g]kfn j}+s lnld6]8 ?s'd zfvfl:yt w/f}6L vftf g+= !)! v=# df gub hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn a}+s ef}r/ jf jfl0fHo a}+saf6 !@) lbgsf] dfGo cjlw /xg]u/L hf/L ePsf] a}+s hdfgt, g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq, d"=c=s/ btf{ k|df0fkq, s/ r'Qmf k|df0fkq -cf=j=)&).)&!_ / :yfoL n]vf gDa/ btf{ k|df0fkqx?sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ;Ssn ;+nUg /fvL lznaGbL af]nkq kmf/fd ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #! cf}+ lbg, lbgsf] !@ ah]leq o; sfof{nodf btf{ u/fpg'kg]{5 .
af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq kmf/fd vl/b, btf{ tyf cGo af]nkq;DaGwL cGo sfddf efu ln+bf clws[t k|ltlnlk tf]s]sf] ePdf ;f] sfo{ ug{ tf]lsPsf] kmd{sf] cflwsfl/s d~h'/Lgfdf kq / clws[t k|ltlglwsf] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk klg ;+nUg x'g'kg]{5 .
lgwf{l/t ;doleq btf{ ePsf lznaGbL af]nkqx? ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] #! cf}+ lbg, lbgsf] @M)) ah] o; sfof{nodf b/efpkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]lng]5 . t/ af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] lznaGbL af]nkq vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g . ;fy} #! cf}+ lbg cyf{t af]nkq btf{ ug]{ / v'Ng] lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf kg{ uPdf ;f] sfd ef]lnkN6 jf sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg x'g]5 .
Gofgf] emf]nf v/Lbsf] af]nkq Kofs]hsf] ?kdf :jLs[t u/L k|To]s cfO6djfOh af]nsaf]n c+sdWo] Go"gtd d"Nosf cfwf/df :jLs[t ul/g]5 .
af]nkq kmf/fddf k|To]s pTkfbg sDkgLsf] gfd clgjfo{?kn] eg'{kg]{5 . o;/L sDkgLsf] gfd pNn]v gePsf] af]nkq dfGo x'g] 5}g . ;fy} kl/jf/ :jf:Yo dxfzfvfn] tf]s]sf] s6g jf kmnfl6gsf] sk8fsf] gd"gf -Gofgf] emf]nf_ clgjfo{?kn] 5'§} lznaGbL u/L af]nkq ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{5, gd"gf k]z gePsf] af]nkq dfGo x'g] 5}g . Gofgf] emf]nfdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ cfO6d kmnfl6gdf cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{5 .
af]nkq ;fy o; sfof{noaf6 k|fKt x'g] lgb]{zg tyf zt{gfdf kq :jLsf/ u/L ;f]df b:tvt tyf kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] 5fk;d]t nufO{ ;f] zt{gfdf / ;fj{hlgs v/Lb lgodfjnL @)^$ sf] lgod $) sf] pklgod -@_ ª adf]lhdsf] 3f]if0ffkq -b:tvt / kmd{sf] 5fk;lxtsf]_ clgjfo{?kdf af]nkq ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{5 . :jLsf/ ul/Psf] lgb]{zg tyf zt{gfdf kq / 3f]if0ff af]nkq ;fy k]z gePdf pQm af]nkq dfGo x'g] 5}g .
;do gf3L jf zt{ /fvL cfPsf] af]nkq dfGo x'g] 5}g . cf=j=@)&!.)&@ sf nflu Gofgf] emf]nf v/Lbdf yk /sd Joj:yf eO{ cfPdf o;} b//]6cg';f/ v/Lb x'g]5 .
af]nkqbftfn] :jb]zL tyf :yfgLo:t/df ag]sf] cyjf agfOPsf kmnfl6gsf] sk8fnfO{ dfGotf lbOg]5 . af]nkq ;fy Gofgf] emf]nfdf /x]sf gjhft lzz'sf nflu @ 6f]kL, @ k]6] ef]6f], @ hf]/ df]hf, @ j6f bf}/f, ! j6f ¥ofk/ / a]aL Dof6 -Psflt/ Knfli6s / csf]{tkm{ kmnfl6gsf] sk8f ePsf]_ / cfdfnfO{ Ps j6f d]S;L ePsf] gd"gf lznaGbL u/L k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
pTkfbg jf clws[t ljt/saf6 Gofgf] emf]nf cfk"lt{ ug{ d~h'/Lkq lnPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . ;fy} To:tf ljt/ssf] clwsf/kq cflwsfl/stf kqsf] k|ltlnlk k]z ug'{kg]{5 . Authorization Letter k]z gePsf] cfO6d d"Nof+sgdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g\ .
af]nkq;DaGwL :k]l;lkms]zg tyf cGo ljt/0f af]nkq ;fy pknAw u/fOg]5 . o; ;"rgfdf 5'6 x'g uPsf] cGo s'/fx? ;fj{hlgs v/Lb P]g @)^# / ;fj{hlgs v/Lb lgodfjnL @)^$ tyf
cGo k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gcg';f/ x'g]5 . yk s]xL s'/f j'em\g'k/]df o; sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg ;lsg]5 .
lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, ?s'd
cfjZostfo; >L jL/]Gb| p=df=lj= Eo"8x/ ;'gk'/, kjggu/–$ bfªsf]
ldlt @)&!.)*.!* ut] a;]sf] lj=Jo=;=sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o / lh=lz=sf= bfªsf] r=g+= !$$( ldlt @)&!.)(.)# ut]sf] cg'dlt kqfg';f/ vf]lnPsf] lj1fkgdf klqsfdf k|sflzt ldlt @)&!.)(.!! x'g'kg]{df cGoyf ePsf]n] ;RofO{ lgDgfg';f/ ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cg'/f]w 5 .
tkl;n!= kb M /fxt lzIfs @= tx M dfWolds#= ljifo M :jf=h=jf= $= ;+Vof M ! -Ps_%= Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M la=P8= jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ u/]sf] .^= dfWolds txsf] cWofkg cg'dltkq ePsf] .&= pd]/ M !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] .*= tna :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd .(= lgj]bg b:t'/ M ?= @,))).– -b'O{ xhf/_ dfq .!)= b/vf:t cfOk'Ug'kg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)(.@% ut] -ljBfno ;doleq_!!= k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx? M z}lIfs of]Uotf, g]kfnL gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq, cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk !–! yfg / lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq .!@= ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)(.@& ut]!#= k/LIff x'g] ldlt / ;do M ;Dks{ ldltsf lbg yfx x'g]5 .!$=k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ -cfjZos k/]df k|of]ufTds;d]t_!%= dflyNnf] of]Uotf / cg'ejLnfO{ u|fx\otf lbOg]5 .!^= ;Dks{ g+= M df]= (*$$()$)&@, (*)(%!*)(#, (*)(%^@(!)
>L jL/]Gb| pRr dfWolds ljBfnokjggu/–$ Eo"8x/ ;'gk'/, bfª
k|=c=
cfjZostfo; ;/:jtL p=df=lj= ljBfgu/ uf]a/l8xfdf l/Qm /x]sf] lgDg
dfWolds tx c+u|]hL ljifo lzIfs s/f/df lgo'Qm ug{sf nflu lzIfs ;]jf cfof]uaf6 k|tLIff ;"rLdf /x]sf JolQmx?af6 ldlt @)&!.)(.!# ut];Ddsf nflu clGtd ldlt tf]sL b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/Psf]df pQm ldlt;Dd s'g} klg b/vf:t gk/]sf] x'Fbf ;f] kb v'Nnf lj1fkgåf/f k"lt{ ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's JolQmx?n] tf]s]sf] ;doleq /Ltk"j{s lgj]bg lbg ;"lrt ul/G5 . tkl;n!= kb M s/f/ lzIfs @= tx M lgDg dfWolds#= ljifo M c+u|]hL $= ;+Vof M ! -Ps_%= Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M cfO=P8= jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ u/L
lg=df=lj= txsf] cWofkg cg'dltkq ePsf] .^= pd]/ M !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] .&= tna :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd .*= lgj]bg b:t'/ M ?= @,))).– -b'O{ xhf/_ dfq .(= b/vf:t cfOk'Ug'kg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)(.@( ut] -ljBfno ;doleq_!)= k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx? M z}lIfs of]Uotf, g]kfnL gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq, cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk !–! yfg / lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq .!!= ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)(.#) ut]!@= k/LIff ldlt / ;do M ;Dks{ ldltsf lbg yfx x'g]5 .!#= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ -cfjZos k/]df k|of]ufTds;d]t_!$=dflyNnf] of]Uotf / cg'ejLnfO{ u|fx\otf lbOg]5 .!%= ;Dks{ g+= M df]= )*@–^@)!^#, (*$&*@*(!), (*$&*$&^#)
>L ;/:jtL p=df=lj= ljBfgu/uf]a/l8xf, bfª
k|frfo{
cfjZostflhNnf lzIff sfof{no bfªsf] r=g+= !^@& ldlt @)&!.)(.!$ sf]
kq / >L jL/]Gb| df=lj= lvNntk'/ bfªsf] ldlt @)&!.)(.!$ ut]sf] lj=Jo=;=sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ o; ljBfnosf] l/Qm k|f=lj= t[tLo lzIfs kbdf tkl;nsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf JolQmx?af6 cfj]bg lbg kfpg] u/L b/vf:t cfx\jfg ug{ cfhsf ldltdf lj1fkg k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .
tkl;n!= tx / kb M k|f=lj= t[tLo lzIfs -s/f/_ @= ;+Vof M ! -Ps_#= gful/stf M g]kfnL=$= z}lIfs of]Uotf M cfO=P8= jf ;f]eGbf dfly%= pd]/ M !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] .^= cWofkg cg'dltkq M k|f=lj= jf ;f]eGbf dfly&= tna :s]n M g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd .*= lgj]bg b:t'/ M ?= @,))).– -b'O{ xhf/_ dfq .(= b/vf:t cfOk'Ug'kg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)(.@( ut] -ljBfno ;doleq_!)= k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx? M z}lIfs of]Uotf, g]kfnL gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq, cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk !–! yfg / lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq .!!= ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)(.#) ut] -laxfg !! ah]_!@= k/LIff x'g] ldlt / ;do M ;Dks{ ldltsf lbg yfx x'g]5 .!#= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ -cfjZos k/]df k|of]ufTds;d]t_!$=;Dks{ g+= M >L lx/faxfb'/ jnL -cWoIf_ df]= (*)(%!^#)!
>L s'naxfb'/ 8fFuL -k|=c=_ df]= (*)*!)%($#
>L jL/]Gb| dfWolds ljBfnoaf3df/]–! lvNntk'/, bfª
k|=c=
t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ bfªsf] !( cf}+ gu/kl/ifbdf pkl:yt x'g]af/]sf] ;"rgf †
t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] !( cf}+ gu/kl/ifb lgDg ldlt, :yfg / ;dodf ;DkGg x'g uO/x]sf]n]] pQm ;df/f]xdf pkl:yt eOlbg'x'g ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwHo"x?, gful/s ;dfh, kqsf/, pBf]uL Jofkf/L, dlxnf clwsf/sdL{, afnaflnsfsf k|ltlglw, o'jf ;~hfnsf k|ltlglwx?, km/s Ifdtf ePsf j8f gful/s d~rsf k|ltlglwx?, 6f]naf;Lx? ;a}nfO{ ;fb/ cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy} ;a}nfO{ kq k7fO;lsPsf] 5 sf]xLs;}n] k|q k|fKt gu/]sf] eP o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL pQm ;df/f]xdf pkl:yt eOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . tkl;n ldlt M @)&! k'; @( ut] :yfg M t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf ;efsIf ;do M lbgsf] !@M)) ah] .
sfo{sf/L clws[t t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf sfof{no t'n;Lk'/, bfª
ljBfno :yfgfGt/0f;DaGwL ;"rgf †
;Nofg lhNnf dd{kl/sfF8f uf=lj=;=df ;~rflnt ldNsL j] Ps]8]dL ;Nofgsf] r=g+= * ldlt @)&!.)(.!! ut]sf] kqfg';f/ pQm af]l8{ª :s'n dd{kl/sfF8f uf=lj=;=leq ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf]df ldlt @)^(.!@.@! b]lv 3fFh/L lkkn uf=lj=;= j8f g+= @ 9f]/lkkndf ;~rfng ul/Fb} cfPsf] / z]o/ :jfldTj v/Lb u/L sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{no lqk'/]Zj/ sf7df8f}+af6 k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg, 7]ufgf kl/jt{g eO{ cfPsf] / xfn lh=lz=sf= ;Nofgdf :yfgfGt/0f k|lqmofdf /x]sf]n] oxfF s;}n] xs bfaL ug'{k/]df of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq o; sfof{nodf xs bfaL ug'{xf]nf . cGoyf :yfgfGt/0f eOhfg] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
k|ydk6s ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&!.)(.!%
lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Nofg
q uf]ljGb v8\sf
3f]/fxL, !$ k'; . …tnj vfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ yk ;'ljwf lbg'k5{ ls kb} {g < olb lbg'k5{ eg] ;/sf/L /]6 s] xf] <Ú– xfk'/sL nlntf s“8]nn] ;xefuL lb3f{af6 ;f]Wg'eof] . d~rsf cltly;“u w]/ }sf] d'vfd'v rNof] .
;j{;fwf/0f ;]jfu|fxLn] /fv]sf u'gf;fsf] hjfkm lbb} lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nosf lgldQ k|d'v 8f= /d]z g]kfnLn]tf]Sg gldNg] atfpg'eof] . sfof{nodf cfP/ ;]jf lnP ;fdfGo b:t'/ dfq} nfUg]pxf“n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cem} ;~rf]lbPgg\ . …e};L la/fdL eP af]s]/ Nofpg]ls dgk/L hyfefjL k};f lt/]/ pkrf/u/fpg] <Ú o;sf] hjfkm lbg} g;lsPkl5 wGojfb geg]/ g]kfnL a;] .
…dn, aLpm ;dod} rflxof] . h]l6Pn]hf“r ug'{k¥of] . df6f] lalu|of]Ú– xnjf/sf Ps/fh vgfn lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{notkm{ ;f]lemg'eof] . ;xefuL sfof{no k|d'v >Lw/ 1fjnLn] t/fO{sf kf“r lhNnfdWo] bfªdf klg df6f] k/LIf0fsf]k|ljlw /x]sf] / gd"gf s;}n] gNofPsf] eGb};]jfu|fxLlt/ kmsf{Olbg'eof] . t/ k|fljlws lsg k'Ub}gg\ eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg ;Sg'ePg . …xfd|f] sfd ;]jf k|afx ug] { xf] . pTkfbg ljt/0f xf]Og . kmf]gaf6 klg lng ;Sg'x'G5Ú– eg]/ sfOt] hjfkm lbP/lrKng'eof] . …;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;]jf lbg]5' . kmf]g cfof] hfG5'Ú– eGb} ljbf eP/ 9f]sfdf hf“bf;Dd klg ;]jfu|fxLn] k|Zg cf]O/fO/x] . …s[lifnfO{ tflnd 5}g < o'jf nlIft sfo{qmd s]eof] < x6nfOg ;]jf nfu]g <Ú oL k|Zg ubf{ 1jfnL 9f]sfdf k'lu;Sg'ePsf]lyof] . …a'em\5'Ú eGg'eof] . k|Zg cg'Ql/t 5g\ .
…ue{sf] hf“r u/fpg] / ;'Ts]/L x'g cfPsfx? ;]jf gkfO kmls{G5g\ . vf]kdf nfk/jfxL 5Ú– lahf}/LsL lrqf lwtfnn] eGg'eof] . o;sf] hjfkm lbb}lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{nsf lgldQ k|d'v hgfb{g uf}tdn] sfof{no ;do latfpg' eg]/ lgb] {zg !& k6s cfO;s]sf] t/sfof{Gjogdf ;d:of b]lvPsf] nfrf/L
kf]Vg'eof] . ufp“3/ lSnlgsdf hf“bf Ujfnf uP eg]/ ge]l6g], :jf:Yo / pk:jf:Yo rf}sLdf :jf:YosdL{ kfpg g;lsg];d:of /fv]sf lyP . ;/sf/n] lbPsf]lgMz'Ns cf}iflwsf af/]df klg ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ yfx} gePsf] ;d:of /fv] . lgMz'Ns cf}iflw k'';b]lv k|tLIffnosf] leQfdf a'lemg]efiffdf n]Vg] of]hgf /x]sf] cfZjf;g uf}tdn] lbg'eof] . …leq /fVbf gb]lvg], aflx/ x/fpg] ;j{;fwf/0fn] a'em\g} g;Sg];d:of 5Ú– uf}tdn] yKg'eof] .
…kLl8tnfO{ xtf]T;flxt agfpg] u/L Jojxf/ eof] . k|x/Lsf] d':sfg;lxtsf];]jf sxf“ uof] <Ú– clwsf/sdL{ /rgf ;'j]bLn] ;f]Wg'eof] . sfo{qmddf ;xefuL k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs /l~htl;+x /f7f}/n] pknAw hgzlQmaf6 dlxnf ;]n rnfPsf] eGb} k|efjsf/L aGb}uPsf] hjfkm lbg'eof] . x/]s rf}sL;Dd dlxnf ;]n la:tf/ ug] { of]hgf /x]sf]pxf“n] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . k|x/LnfO{ cb[Zo zlQmn] rnfp“5 d'2f btf{ x'“b}g . kL8s 5f]lkGgnufotsf k|Zgsf] hjfkm pxf“n] lbg} ;Sg'ePg . …ufp“df k|efjsf/L / zx/df sdhf]/ b]lvPsfn] aQLd'lgsf]c“Wof/f] h:t} eof]Ú egL :jLsfg'{eof] .
lgMz'Ns lzIff eg]/ sd{rf/L, lzIfs / cGo ;+/rgf agfpg] gfddf rf]/ af6f]af6 z'Ns c;'Nbf ul/an] k9\g]jftfj/0f gePsf], 5fq 5fqfsf] zf}rfno
/ plrt lkpg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf gu/]sf], ;a}n] 9'Ss;“u s'/f /fVg] u/L dlxnf k'ln;, dlxnf 8fS6/nufotsf] ;'ljwf gePsf] ;d:of cfPsf lyP . t/lzIffnufot sltkosf hjfkm lbg] lgsfo cg'kl:yt lyP . kf7]3/sf] ;d:ofdf 6fpsf] b'Vg]sf] cf}iflw lbg] jftfj/0f gagfpg ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ clwsf/sdL{ nIdL cfrfo{n] ;'emfj lbg'eof] . al/i7 kqsf/ ;'zLn uf}tdsf] /fhgLlt, 8g, e"ldut lu/f]xnufot cGo cb[Zo zlQmsf]k|efjdf k/L nfrf/ gag]/ gLlt lgodk|lt pQ/bfoL aGg ;]jf k|bfos lgsfonfO{ ;'emfj lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
o;/L kqsf/ z/b /]UdL, dfgk'/, xnjf/ / lahf}/Laf6 cfPsf dfgjclwsf/lgu/fgL ;d"xsf kbflwsf/Lnufotn]/fv]sf dxTjk"0f{ ;jfn lhNnf:t/df /flvg] sfo{qmd cfof]hs ;+:yf cgf}krfl/s ;]jf s]Gb| OG;]s / dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn bfªsf kbflwsf/Ln]cfZjf;g lbPsf 5g\ .
;f]djf/ lbgel/ ePsf] ;f] cGtlqm{of ;~hfnsf ;+of]hs s]zjs'df/ zdf{sf]cWoIftf, :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltsf ;+of]hs adaxfb'/ l8;Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] lyof] . …:yfgLo ;]jf k|bfos lgsfo / lhNnf :t/Lo ;]jfu|fxLaLrsf] cGtlqm{ofÚ sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f OG;]s k|ltlglw udgl;+x v8\sfn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf
;Nofg, !$ k'; . ;Nofg vn+ufdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf af]Ng] jQmfx?n]s[lif v]tLdf k|of]u ul/g] /f;flos ljiffbLn] dfgj :jf:Yodf c;/ k'u]sf]atfPsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] v]tL ubf{ /f;folgs dn, ljiffbL / xfOla|8 aLpmsf]k|of]un] s[lif pTkfbgdf dfqfTds pknlAw eP klg To;n] dfgj :jf:Yo / vfB ;'/Iffdf c;/ k'¥ofPsf] atfP .
dlxnf k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb| cf]/ ]s g]kfnsf] ;xof]u / ;'zf;g ;+3 g]kfnsf]cfof]hgfdf ePsf] ;3g h}ljs v]tL k|0ffnLsf] cfjZostf / dxTj ljifos ax; sfo{qmddf af]Ng] jQmfx?n] /fHosf]:ki6 gLltsf] cefjsf sf/0f hyfefjL s[lif v]tL k|0ffnLdf c;/ k'u]sf] atfP . pgLx?n] ljiffbL / /f;folgs dnsf] a9\bf] k|of]un] df6f]sf] cj:yf lau|b} uPsf], clxn]sf] df6f]sf] pTkfbg zlQm cfufdL lbgdf sfod /fVg r'gf}tL /x]sf], clxn]h:t} efjL k':tfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]sf] eGb} ;dodf ;a};r]t x'g'kg] {df hf]8 lbP .
sfo{qmddf k/Dk/fb]lv v]tL ul/b}cfPsf cGg afnLsf aLpmx? nf]k x'“b}uPsf] / xfOla|8 aLpmsf] k|of]un] s]xL jif{df s[ifsx?nfO{ v]tL ug] { aLpmsf];d:of x'g]df ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]Wofgfsif{0f u/fOPsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0fk|;fb cfrfo{n] /f;folgs dn / ljiffbLsf] cTolws k|of]un] dfgj
:jf:Yo / df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQmdf x|f; cfPsf nIf0fx? b]vfk/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …ljiffbLsf] k|of]un]dfgj :jf:Yodf r'gf}tL NofOlbPsf]5 . o;sf] c;/n] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ckfËtfsf] ;d:of b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 .Ú a]df};L / df};dL s[lif pTkfbgaf6 kmfObf lng] gfddf pTkfbs, ljt/s /;]jfu|fxL pkef]Qmfn] hf]lvd df]ln/x]sf]cfrfo{sf] egfO 5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …k|fljlwssf] l;kmfl/;lagf k|of]u ul/g]ljiffbL / /f;folgs dnn] ;a} If]qdf c;/ kf/]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ ufp“–ufp“df ;3g h}ljs v]tLsf]cfjZostf / dxTjaf/] cGtlq{mof /jx; ;~rfng ug{' h?/L ePsf] 5 .
sDkf]i6 dn, ufO{j:t'sf] dnd'q k|of]u u/L agfPsf] h}ljs ljiffbL dn, ljleGg h}ljs af]6lj?jfsf] k|of]u u/L agfOPsf] ljiffbL v]tLkftLdf k|of]u u/]/ pTkflbt VffBfGgsf] d"No c? eGbf a9L agfP/ s[ifsnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug] { u/L sfo{qmd Nofpg]tkm{ ;f]Rg] a]nf ePsf]df cfrfo{sf] hf]8 lyof] .
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Nofgsf jl/i7 sfo{qmd clws[t ;'/]z clwsf/Ln] ;Nofg lhNnfnfO{ ljiffbL/lxt lhNnf 3f]if0ff ug{ ;a} If]qaf6 nfUg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . pxf“n]eGg'eof]– …s]xL jif{otf s[lif pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] ljleGg ljiffbLn] jftfj/0fLo r'gf}tL lgDTofPsf] 5 .Ú
lhNnf kl/ifbaf6 ljiffbL k|of]udf Go"\gLs/0f / h}ljs v]tL k|j4{gsf nflu gLlt tyf sfo{qmd kfl/t u/L cl3
a9\g'kg] { cfjZostf /x]sf] clwsf/Lsf]egfO 5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …:yfgLo lgsfo ePsfn] klg lhNnfsf] ljsf;df c;/ kfg] { ljleGg sfo{x? lg?T;flxt ug{ sfo{qmd agfpg'kb{5 .Ú lhNnf s[lif sfof{nosf lgldQ s[lif ljsf; clws[t gj/fh >]i7n] s[lif v]tL k|0ffnLdf ljiffbLsf] k|of]u cfjZotf eGbf a9L ePsf] eGb} To;nfO{ /f]Sg hgr]tgf cfjZos ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n]eGg'eof]– …hgr]tgfsf] cefjdf w]/ }ljiffbL k|of]u ePsf] 5 . s[lif sfof{non]ljiffbL Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sfd u/]sf]eP klg kof{Kt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .Ú df6f]sf]pj{/fzlQm hu]gf{ ub} { vfBfGg pTkfbgdf lbuf]kgf Nofpg hgr]gtfd"ns sfo{nfO{ cleofgfTds?kdf ufp“–ufp“df n}hfg ;a} If]qaf6 kxnsbdL rflxPsf] >]i7sf]egfO 5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …df6f] /afnL ;+/If0f ug{ cleofg ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos 5 .Ú
sfo{qmddf g]skf Pdfn]sf k"j{lhNnf pkfWoIf bfdf]b/ zdf{, PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf pkfWoIf 1fgaxfb'/ jnL -dfOsn_, lhNnf jg sfof{no ;Nofgsf ;xfos lhNnf jg clws[t czf]s zfx, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 lhNnf zfvf cWoIf zflns/fd zdf{, cf]/ ]s g]kfnsf lhNnf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs czf]s rf}w/L, ;'zf;g ;+3 g]kfnsL cWoIf k"hf zdf{nufotsf]pkl:ylt lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] cf}lrToaf/]k|tLs OR5's zdf{n] k|sfz kfg'{ePsf]sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f kqsf/ /d]z uf}tdn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
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;Nofg, !$ k'; . cfly{s cefjsf sf/0f pkrf/af6 al~rt ePsf sf]af{ªlemDk]–& lemDk]sf /fdnfn ;fsL{nfO{ ;Nofg sf7df8f+} ;Dks{ ;ldltn]Ps nfv Ps xhf/ Ps ;o %! ?k}of“ ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 .
laleGg lgsfo;dIf cfu|x u/] klg s;}n];xof]u gubf{ 3/d} ylnPsf ;fsL{nfO{ ;Nofg–sf7df8f+};Dks{ ;ldltn] pkrf/sf nflu ;xof]u u/]sf] xf] . pQm /sd Ps sfo{qmd u/L x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf]
;ldltsf cWoIf ;ld/h+u zfxn] atfpg'eof] . ;f]/sd ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft dGqL ljdn]Gb| lglwn] x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf]lyof] ] .
Ps jif{cl3 3f“; sf6g uPsf] ;dodf le/af6 n8]/ 6fpsf]df ulx/f] rf]6 nfUbf ;fsL{ dfgl;s la/fdL x'g'ePsf] lyof] . sfd ug] { ;fsL{ dfgl;s lj/fdL ePkl5 k"/ } kl/jf/ ;d:ofdf k/]sf]lyof] . ;Nofg–sf7df8f+};Dks{ ;ldltn] gub ;xof]u u/] kl5 pkrf/df w]/ } /fxt x'g] ;fsL{sL >LdtL lji0f' ;fsL{n] atfpg'eof] .
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?s'd, !$ k'; . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ?s'dn]cfOtjf/ @$ lsnf] r/]; gi6 u/]sf] 5 . d+l;/ @# ut] ljleGg b'O{ :yfgaf6 lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] r/]; k|x/Ln] lhNnfl:yt /fhgLlts bn / kqsf/x?sf] /f]xj/df hnfP/ gi6 u/]sf] xf] .
uPsf] d+l;/ @# ut]lbp“;f] n'sfOl5kfO aflx/n}hfg nfu]sf] cj:yfdf ?“3f–@ l;d|t' / d';Lsf]6 gu/kflnsf–! ;Nn]af6 pQm kl/df0fsf] r/]; km]nf k/]sf]lyof] .
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;o u|fd;lxt tLghgf /;Nn]l:yt a;kfs{af6 @ lsnf] % ;o u|fd r/];;lxt Pshgf u/L rf/hgfnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] .
?“3f–@ l;d|'t'af6 sf“qmL–# sf %@ jif{sf dfgaxfb'/j'9f, @& jif{sf nlhd a'9f / @) jif{sf cl:td a'9f tyf ;Nn]af6 kqmfp k/]sf :ofnfvbL–& sf @$ jif{sf dgjxfb'/ o/LnfO{ nfu"cf}ifw cf];f/k;f/ P]gcGtu{t d'2f rnfOPsf] 5 . nfu"cf}ifw gi6 ug] { sfo{qmddf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf k|ltlglw, lhNnfl:yt /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, lhNnfdf lqmofzLn kqsf/x?nufotsf];xeflutf lyof] .
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/f]Nkf, !$ k'; . /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\ lhNnf zfvf /f]Nkfsf] cfof]hgfdf df3 # ut] dfWolds ljBfno:t/Lo sljtf k|ltof]lutf x'g] ePsf]5 .
kl/ifb\sf] a}7sn] df3 # ut] zlgjf/ k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/g] lhNnf zfvf cWoIf uf]s0f{ k'gn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . k|ltof]lutfdf ljhoLx?nfO{ …b]jsL bfdf]b/afn k|ltef k'/:sf/Ú k|bfg ul/g] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .
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rf}aL; lsnf] r/]; gi6 ul/of] la/fdLnfO{ Ps nfv ;xof]u
dflj:t/Lo sljtf k|ltof]lutf x'g];flxTosf/ gu]Gb| u'?n]cfkm\gf a'jfcfdfsf] ;Demgfdf k'/:sf/ :yfkgf ug{'ePsf] xf] . x/]s jif{ k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf u/L pQm k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/b}cfPsf] cfof]hsn] hgfPsf]5 .
a}7sdf kl/ifb\sf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{qmd Ko'7fgdf x'g nfu]sfn]
;f] sfo{qmddf /f]Nkfaf6 ;flxTosf/x?sf] ;xeflutf hgfpgsf nflu ;Dks{ Pj+ ;dGjo ug] { lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
o:t} lhNnf zfvfsf]cfof]hgfdf x/]s dlxgfsf]!% ut] ;~rfng ub} { cfPsf];|i6f rf}tf/Lsf] @( cf} + >[+vnf ;+of]hgsf] lhDdf nlnt
;flxTo kl/ifb\ /f]NkfnfO{ lbg]lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . o;k6s !% ut] Nxf];f/ kj{ k/]sfn]u'?ªufp“df pQm >[+vnf ;DkGg ul/g] nlnt ;flxTo kl/ifb\ /f]Nkfsf cWoIf cf]d kG5Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
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38]/L laqmLdf3f]/fxL 6fpg Knfg afndlGb/ /f]8df /x]sf] cfsif{s 38]/Lx? laqmLdf 5 . !# ld6/ rf}8fO{ !& ld6/ nDafO{ ePsf] 38]/L Kn6 ldnfP/ klg
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af“s], !$ k'; . /fk|kf g]kfnsf cWoIf sdn yfkfn] b]z wd{;fk]If x'“b}g eGg] g]tfx? c1fgL of ljb]zLsf]x'08L vfg] bnfn ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg'ePsf] 5 .
…ljZjdf &) a9L b]z O;fO{ / $) a9L b]z O:nfd wd{ ;fk]If 5g\ . Toxf“ ToxL wd{sf] afx'No /x]sfn]wd{;fk]If ePsf x'g\Ú– kf6L{n] yfn]sf]d]rL–dxfsfnL /yofqfsf qmddf g]kfnu~h cfOk'Ug'ePsf cWoIf yfkfn] 7"nf kf6L{sf g]tf;“u k|Zg ug'{eof]– …($ k|ltzt ;gftg wdf{jnDaL /x]sf] g]kfn lxGb" /fi6« x'g lsg ;Sb}g <Ú pxf“n] g]tfx?n]ljb]zLsf] k};f vfP/ g]kfnnfO{ wd{lg/k]If 3f]if0ff u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] .
/yofqfsf qmddf ;8sdf cfP/nfvf} + hgtfn] :jfut u/]/ b]znfO{ lxGb" /fi6« 3f]if0ffdf ;fy lbPsf]yfkfsf] egfO lyof] . pxf“n] hgtfsf]efjgfljk/Lt ghfg 7"nf kf6L{sf 7"nf g]tfnfO{ r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . gfd glnP/ sf7df8f} +df a:g] 7"nf kf6L{sf 7"nf g]tfnfO{ 7]s]bf/sf] ;+1f lbb}yfkfn] eGg'eof]– …g]kfnL hgtfsf]efjgfdf s'7f/f3ft ug] { r]i6f gug'{;\ gq cfGbf]ngsf] cflwa]x/Ln]aufOlbg]5 .Ú
/fk|kf g]kfnn] d]rL–dxfsfnL /yofqfnfO{ hgcfGbf]ngsf] z'?jft
eg]sf] 5 . …aGb's af]Sg' / ;8sdf 6fo/ afNg' dfq} hgcfGbf]ng xf]Ogg\, /yofqfsf] hghfu/0f Tof] eGbf s}of} + u'0ff alnof] gof“ hgcfGbf]ng xf]Ú– cWoIf yfkfn] eGg'eof]– …lxGb" /fi6« :yflkt gx'“bf;Dd ;+3if{ hf/L /xg]5 .Ú
…wd{ lg/k]Iftfn] g]kfnLsf]klxrfg ;+s6df kf/]sf] / oxL lx;fan] wd{ kl/jt{g u/fpg] v]n x'“b}uPdf lxGb"x? g} cNkdtdf kg] { vt/f
5, o;n] xfd|f] wfld{s, ;fdflhs ;b\efj / Pstf layf]lnPsf] 5Ú– eGg'eof] .
pkfWoIf 8f= wjn zdz]/n]lxGb"–d'l:nd efO–efO /x]sfn] wd{ kl/jt{g u/fpg]x?nfO{ ldn]/ nv6\g]pb\3f]if ug'{eof] . pxf“n] lxGb" /fHo ;fk]If ;+ljwfg gcfP ;Dk"0f{ ;ef;b\x?nfO{ /fhLgfdf u/fpg afWo kfg] { r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .
o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf
3f]/fxL, !$ k'; . Dffs{ OG6/g]zgn sn]hn] 3f]/fxLsf lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x?n]/Qmbfg u/]sf 5g\ . sn]hsf] jflif{s sfo{qmdcGtu{t ;f]djf/ SofDk;sf @) hgf lzIfs / ljBfyL{x?n] /Qmbfg u/]sf x'g\ .
SofDk; k|d'v z+s/k|;fb 8f“uLn]
/Qmbfg u/]/ pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf]lyof] . To; cj;/df k|sfz k'g, ;lrg v8\sf, cho s];L, cl:dtf e08f/L, ;fljqf jnL, lbkLsf a'9f, dlgif a'9fyf]sL, ch'{g Gof}kfg], ;ljtf zdf{, eLdf a'9f du/, d'lQm/fd vgfn, /fh]Gb| /fjt, pd]z dfemL, 6Lsf hLPd, clgtf hLPd, ljgf]b /fjt, dx]z rf}w/L, ;ljg s];L,
lg/~hg/fh yfkfnufotn] /Qmbfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
ljBfyL{x?sf] dfucg';f/ sn]hn]rf/ jif{b]lv k|To]s jif{ /Qmbfg sfo{qmd ub} { cfPsf] SofDk; k|d'v z+s/k|;fb 8f“uLn] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] 5 . kl5Nnf];dodf lhNnfdf /utsf] sdL gePsf]/Qm;~rf/ ;]jf s]Gb| 3f]/fxLsf k|fljlws 7fs'/ kf}8]nn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf
t'n;Lk'/, !$ k'; . afnaflnsfsf] l;sfO pknlAwdf a[l4 ug{nfO{ :yfgLo dft[efiffsf] k|of]u ug'{kg{] Ps sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .
lhNnfsf b'O{ uflj; / af“s]sf b'O{ uflj;df ;~rfng ePsf] ;“u}l;sf} +, ;“u} a9f+} kl/of]hgf cGtu{t ;f]djf/ oxf“ ePsf]ljBfno:t/df dft[efiffsf]dxTj ljifos If]qLo uf]i7Lsf ;xefuL ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n]o:tf] atfPsf x'g\ . pgLx?n] cfwf/e"t txsf]lzIffdf /fi6«efiff eGbf klg dft[efiffdf ePsf]l;sfO{ k|efjsf/L x'g]ePsfn] dft[efiffsf] dxTj /x]sf] atfPsf lyP . ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] h'g hfltsf] a;f]af; a9L 5 cyf{t h'g hfthfltsf afnaflnsfx? ljBfnodf
b]z wd{;fk]If x'Fb}g eGg]x? ljb]zL bnfn M yfkf
g]kfnu~h cfOk'u]sf] /fk|kf g]kfnsf] /yofqf . tl:a/ M s'df/ >]i7÷af“s]
ljBfyL{x?åf/f /Qmbfg
;xsf/L ;r]tgf sfo{qmd
3f]/fxL, !$ k''; -o';_– l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no bfªsf] cfof]hgfdf /f]Nkfsf]h}dfs;nfdf ;xsf/L ;r]tgf;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
sfo{qmd b''O{ lbg;Dd rn]sf] lyof] . bLkHof]lt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf /f]Nkfsf cWoIf ljifnfn a''9fsf] cWoIftf tyf l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no bfªsf ;xsf/L lg/LIfs uf]kfn kf}8]nsf]k|d''v cfltYotfdf ePsf];dfkg sfo{qmddf lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+3 /f]Nkfsf pkfWoIf ;''gaxfb''/ k''g, k"0f{snf /f]sf du/, u0f]z /fgf du/, wgnfn k''g du/, k''gf/fd yfkfnufotn] af]Ng''ePsf]lyof] .
lhNnfsf ljleGg cf7 ;xsf/Lsf @% hgf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] sfo{qmdsf] k|lzIfsdf ;xsf/L lg/LIfs uf]kfn kf}8]n /xg''ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ogfh{g 3tL{ du/n]ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
l;sfO pknlAwsf nflu dft[efiffsf] k|of]ua9L 5g\ ltgLx?nfO{ pgLx?sf]dft[efiffdf klg cWoog cWofkg u/fpg ;s] l5§}l;sfO pknlAw b]Vg ;lsg]atfPsf lyP .
Jofsjf8{ ;f];fO6L Ph's]zg -a];_ sf] cfof]hgf tyf ljZj lzIffsf] ;xof]udf / lzIff ljefu, If]qLo lzIff lgb{]zgfno ;'v{]t, lhNnf lzIff sfof{no bfª / af“s]tyf z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb| bfª / af“s]sf] ;dGjodf ePsf]If]qLo uf]i7Ldf ;xefuL ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] o:tf]atfPsf x'g\ . sfo{qmddf af]Nb}lzIff ljefusL ;x;lrj dfof /fO{n] :yfgLo:t/sf] dft[efiff a'e]m/ lzIfsn] k9fPsf] s'/f afnaflnsfn] l56f] a'em\g]
atfpg' eof] . pxf“n] ax'efifL lzIfsn] /fi6«efiff;“u} :yfgLo efiff / To;sf] /Lltl/jfh / k/Dk/fdf /x]/ ax'efifL sIff ln“bf afnaflnsfx?sf]l;sfO pknlAw pNn]Vo /x]s]f atfpg'eof] . If]qLo lgb{]zs /fdk|;fb pkfWofon]ljBfno:t/df dft[efiffsf]dxTj w]/ } /x]sf] eGb}dft[efiffsf] k|of]un] l;sfO pknlAw a9\g] atfpg'eof] . ljZj lzIffsL kl/of]hgf ;+of]hs ;Ldf cfrfo{n]afnaflnsfsf] l;sfO dft[efiffdf ljz]if x'g]ePsfn] o;sf] dxTj a9]sf]atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ljZj lzIffn] u/]sf] d"Nofsgdf dft[efiffaf6 x'g] l;sfO
pknlAw d"ns ePsf]atfpg'eof] .
u|fdL0f dlxnf pTyfg s]Gb|sf cWoIf cfZdfgL rf}w/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf]sfo{qmddf sfo{qmdsf af/]df / ;“u} l;sf} ;“u} a9f+}kl/of]hgfsf] af/]df a];sf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs r"0f{axfb'/rf}w/Ln] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf]lyof] eg] sfo{qmdssf];xhLs/0f bfªsf lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L k|Nxfb cof{n / a];sf nfnaxfb'/ rf}w/Ln]ug'{ePsf] lyof] . uf]i7Ldf lzIff ;/f]sf/jfnf, lzIffdf sfd ug{] u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, lhNnf lzIff sfof{nosf k|ltlglw ;|f]t JolQm / kqsf/x?sf];xeflutf lyof] .
o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf
af“s], !$ k'; . lhNnf jg sfof{no af“s]n] kmQ]k'/sf ;fd'bflos jgdf u:tL a9fPsf] 5 . jg If]qaf6 pl7af; nufOPsfx?n]k'gM 3/ 6x/f agfpg ;Sg]cf“sng u/]/ jg sfof{non];z:q jg /Ifssf] 6f]nLnfO{ @$ 306f u:tLdf nufPsf]xf] .
af9L kLl8tsf] gfddf ebf}otf em08} Ps xhf/ kf“r ;o 3/kl/jf/ jg cltqmd0f u/]/ a;]kl5 jg sfof{non];z:q / g]kfn k|x/Lsf];xof]udf d+l;/ clGtd ;ftf Ps xhf/ @ ;o ^ 3/6x/f eTsfPsf] lyof] . cem}Ps ;o *^ 3/ 6x/f jg If]qleq} 5g\ . al;/x]sf kl/jf/ jf:tljs af9L kLl8t ePsf] jg sfof{nosf] a'emfO 5 .
;xfos jg clws[t ab?l2g vf“n] lhNnf jg cltqmd0f lgoGq0f tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{bnsf]a}7sn] ug] { lg0f{on] Ps ;o *^ 3/kl/jf/sf] 3/
6x/fsf] eljio lgwf{/0f ug] { atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] af9L kLl8t eP klg /fHon]pgLx?nfO{ j}slNks Joj:yf ug] { ePsfn] s'g} klg xfntdf jg If]qdf a:g glbg]atfpg'eof] .
k';sf] lr;f]df jg sfof{non] a;]sf] 7fp“af6 ljrNnL kf/]kl5 Ps xhf/a9L 3/kl/jf/ k|ToIf k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . pl7af; nufOPsfx? lhNnf k|zf;gb]lv jg sfof{no;Dd s]xL ;dosf nflu eP klg a:g lbg cg'/f]w ug{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . s]xLn] jg u:tLnfO{ 5n]/ k'gM 3/ 6x/f agfpg] k|of; yfn]sf 5g\ . kmQ]k'/sf] eujtL ;fd'bflos jgdf k'gM 3/ 6x/f agfPsf tLg hgfnfO{ jg sfof{non]kqmfp u/]/ y'g]sf] 5 . …gfª\nf] 76fP/ xfQL t;f{pg]Ú dgl:ylt agfPsf] jg sfof{non] tL tLghgfnfO{ sf/jfxL g} ug] { hgfPsf] 5 . …logLx?nfO{ 5f]8\g] lalQs}c?n] klg k'gM jgdf 3/6x/f agfp“5g\Ú– ;xfos jg clws[t vf“n] eGg'eof] .
;/sf/n] af9L kLl8tnfO{ ;'/lIft k'gaf{;sf]tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 . To;sf nflu a:g] 7fp“sf] vf]hL eO;s]sf] 5 eg] jf:tljs af9L kLl8tsf] nut lng]sfd yflnPsf] 5 . af9L kLl8t eP klg pgLx?nfO{ P]nfgL, ktL{ P]nfgLdf /fVg'kg] { jg sfof{nosf] egfO 5 . oBlk, af9L kLl8tnfO{ sxf“ /fVbf plrt x'G5 eGg] a'em\g u7g ul/Psf] k|fljlws ;ldltn] s]xL ;fd'bflos jg If]q g} l;kmfl/; ul/;s]sf]5 . kmQ]k'/, u+ufk'/, d6]lxof / a]txgLsf ;fd'bflos jgdf af9L kLl8tnfO{ /fVg l;kmfl/; eO;s]sf] 5 .
af9L kLl8tsf gfddf h;n] kfof] To;n] jg If]q cltqmd0f u/]/ 3/ agfpg yfn]kl5 kmQ]k'/sf s]xL ;d'bflos jgs} kbflwsf/Lx? To;df ;+nUg ePsf lyP . jg cltqmd0f ug{df s]xL :yfgLo g]tfx?n] ;fy lbPsf lyP . clxn] pgLx? u/Lj kl/jf/sf] larNnL eof] eGb}s]xL ;do a:g lbg xf/u'xf/ul//x]sf 5g\ .
k'gM 6x/f agfpg] kqmfpcem} Ps ;o *^ kl/jf/ jgd}
b]pv'/L, !$ k'; -o';_– ndxL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= @ df j8f gful/s d~r u7g ul/Psf] 5 . gu/kl/ifbsf]tof/LcGtu{t cfOtjf/ePsf] j8f e]nfn] a;Gt/fd rf}w/Lsf] cWoIftfdf @& ;b:oLo j8f gful/s d~r u7g u/]sf] xf] .
j8f gful/s d~rsf]
af]8{ ;b:ox?df c~h' rf}w/L, nf]s/fh ;]9fOnufot /xg'ePsf]5 . a:tL:t/sf] e]nfn] ;8s, l;+rfO{, vfg]kfgL, lzIff, :jf:Yo, dlxnf, afnaflnsf, cflbaf;L hghflt nufotsf zLif{sdf of]hgf 5gf]6 u/]sf] 5 .
e]nfdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sL k|ltlglw lu/f Gof}kfg], g]skf Pdfn]sf ltnsaxfb'/ s];L,
PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf n'dfsfGt Gof}kfg], /fk|kf g]kfnsL tLyf{ yfkf, g]skf dfn]sf ltns/fd a:g]t, dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d g]kfnsf xg'dfg rf}w/L, gu/kflnsfsf vl/bf//fdehg rf}w/L, ;fdflhs kl/rflnsf sf]lknf rf}w/L nufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] .
j8f gful/s d~r u7go'uaf]w O{–k]k/df
x]g'{xf];\ .http://issuu.com/yougbodh
v8\sfnufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ?s'd]nL Pstf ;dfhsf ;b:o Pj+ kqsf/ g/]Gb| s];Ln]ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
o;cl3 ?s'd]nL Pstf ;dfh bfªn] /fKtL ;fj{hlgs oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldltsf]sfof{nodf 1fkgkq a'emfp“b}3f]/fxLaf6 ?s'd;Ddsf] lbjf a; ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ dfu u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}aLr ;ldltsf cWoIf dx]Gb| a'9fyf]sLn] 3f]/fxLb]lv ?s'd;Dd lbjf a; ;]jf ;~rfng u/]sf]df /fKtL, ;Nofg–?s'd / l;:g] lxdfn a; Joj;foL ;ldltnfO{ wGojfb lbg'ePsf] 5 . bfªsf] efn'jfªaf6 3f]/fxL x'“b} ?s'd;Ddsf] /flq a; eg] o;cl3 g} ;~rfngdf cfO;s]sf] 5 .
3f]/fxL–?s'd===
ljrf/$ d+unjf/, !% k'; @)&!
k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx? cfkm\gf k|lta4tfaf6 k5fl8 kms{b}5g\, h;n]ubf{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f dfq xf]Og, ;du| /fhgLlts 36gfqmd clglZrt aGb}5 . slta]nf lgs} cf/f]kk|Tof/f]k t s'g}a]nf ;Dafb k|lqmofaf6 cl3 al9/x]sfbnx? km]l/ kl5Nnf lbgdf ;xdlteGbf cf–cfkm\g} 9+un] cl3 a9\g vf]h]sf]b]lvG5 . k|d'vdWo]sf s]xL bnn] a}7saf6} ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf 6/]sf]lgisif{ lgsfn]sf 5g\ eg] s]xL bnsf g]tfx?n] To:t} cfzosf cleJolQmlbg yfn]sf 5g\ . k|d'v ;Qf?9 bnsf k|d'v;d]t /x]sf k|wfgdGqLn];xdltsf] ;Defjgf 6l/g;s]sf] atfPsf t 5g\ t/ ;xdltsf nflu ;fy{skxn pgn] klg ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . bnx?n] ;xdltsf] uLt ufpg 5f8]sft 5}gg\ t/ kl5Nnf] l:ylt x]bf{ pgLx?sf] Tof] uLtdf zAb, ;+uLt, olt, ult/ no s]xL klg ldn]sf] b]lvb}g . To;}n] bnx? ;xdlteGbf åGås} lbzfdfcl3 a9]sf x'g\ ls eGg] cfz+sf a9]sf] 5 . vf; s] s'/fdf ;xdlt x'gg;s]sf] bnx?n] :ki6 kfg{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;+ljwfgdf eGbf ;+ljwfg hf/LePkl5sf] ;Qf ;dLs/0fdf s'/f gldn]sf] rrf{ klg aflx/ cfpg] u/]sf]5 . vf;df ;+ljwfgs} a'Fbfdf ;xdlt gePsf] xf] jf ;Qf ;dLs/0faf/] :ki6x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . h] eP klg bnx? ;xdltaf6 k5fl8 x6\g' s'g} klgsf]0faf6 ;xL x'g ;Sb}g / To;n] cfufdL lbgx?nfO{ klg ;xh agfpg]5}g .
zLif{ txdf ;xdlt x'g g;s]kl5 bnx?n] ;xdlt vf]Hg rf/ bnLosfo{bn agfPsf lyP . Tof] sfo{bn klg ;xdlt h'6fpg c;kmn ePkl5;xdltsf] ;Defjgf g} 6/]sf] lgisif{df bnx? k'Ug yfn]sf 5g\ . ;xdltsf];Defjgf 6/]sf] eGb} pgLx? ldnglaGb' vf]Hg]eGbf klg cfkm\g} k'/fgf Ph]08fdfkms{g yfn]sf 5g\ . ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf 6/]sf] lgisif{df k'u]sf bnx?ca ;xdlt gePsf] v08df b'O{yl/ tof/Ldf h'6\g]5g\ . k|d'v ;Qf?9bnx? ax'dtLo k|lqmofdfkm{t ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ lbzflt/ nfUg]5g\ eg]lakIfL bnx?n] ;xdltsf nflu bafa lbg eGb} cfGbf]ngsf] af6f] /f]Hg]5g\ . ;+ljwfg;ef aflx/ /x]sf zlQmx?sf] ultljlwsf] t cem ;dLIff g}ul/Psf] 5}g . To;afx]s hftLo / wfld{s lat08fsf cfjfh klg k|v/?kdfp7\g yfn]sf 5g\ . oL ;a} ultljlwn] casf lbgx? cx;h x'g] t 5Fb}5,cfufdL /fhgLltsf] lbzf;d]t uf]nrSs/df km:g] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;fFlRrs}bnx? ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf ;lsPsf] lgisif{d} k'u]sf x'g\ eg] of] 7"nf]la8Dagf xf] . o;n] ax'cfoflds åGåsf] l;h{gf ug]{5 . To;af6 b]zcufl8 xf]Og cem k5fl8 kms{g] vt/f a9\g ;S5 . clxn] k|fKt Go"gtdpnklAw klg u'Dg] vt/f a9\g ;S5 .
s] ;fFflRrs} bnx?aLr ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf ;lsPs} xf] t < bnx?Tof] lgisif{sf] glhs k'u] klg OR5fzlQm x'g] xf] eg] ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf k"/};lsPsf] b]lvb}g . x'g t /fhgLltdf clGtd eGg] x'Fb}g . ;xdlt x'Fb}g x'Fb}geGbfeGb} klg x'g;S5 / ;xdlt eO;Sof] eg]sf] a]nf klg lau|g ;S5 .cl3Nnf]k6ssf] ;+ljwfg;ef e+u x'g'sf] ljxfg;Dd ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g]dfg]tfx? 9'Ssh:t} b]lvGy] t/ x'g ;s]g . o;k6s klg ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf;lsof] eGbfeGb} klg pgLx?n] ;xdlt ug{ ;S5g\ . ;Defjgf t hlxn]klg afFsL /xG5 t/ kl5Nnf 36gfqmd Tolt ;'vb 5}gg\ . bnx?n] rfx]eg] ;xdlt x'g;S5 . ca Ph]08fut ljjfb lgs} sd 5g\ . clxn]Ph]08feGbf Ouf]sf] ;d:of b]lvb} uPsf] 5 . zf;sLo:j?kdf bnx?s/La–s/La ;xdt 5g\ . Gofo k|0ffnL / lgjf{rg k|0ffnLdf klg cGtl/d;+ljwfgnfO{ Go"gtd cfwf/ dfq} dfGg] xf] eg] klg ljjfb ul//xg'kg]{ 7fpF5}g . hxfF;Dd /fHok'g;{+/rgfsf] ;jfn 5, o;df klg ;xdlt g} ug{ rfxg]xf] eg] ca Tolt 7"nf] ;d:of 5}g . cl3Nnf] ;+ljwfg;efn] to u/]sfklxrfgsf kfFr / ;fdYo{sf rf/ cfwf/nfO{ ldnglaGb' dfg]/ k|b]z ;+Voflgwf{/0f ug]{ / k|b]zx?sf] gfdf+sgsf] lhDdf ;DalGwt k|b]z;efnfO{ g} lbg]xf] eg] o;df ljjfb ul//g'kg]{ cj:yf 5}g . d'Vo s'/f bnx? ;xdlt ug{rfxG5g\ ls rfxb}gg\ eGg] xf] . o;sf nflu bnx?df b[9 OR5fzlQmrflxG5, h'g kl5Nnf lbgx?df x|f; x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
bnx?df OR5fzlQmsf] cefjgu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff ;'zLn
sf]O/fnfsf] ;':t ;/sf/n] u/]sf];a}eGbf b|'t ljsf; xf] . kl5Nnf]k6s ^! j6f yk gu/kflnsf3f]if0ff eP;‘u} b]ze/ xfn s'nPs ;o (! gu/kflnsfalg;s] . To;dWo] Psdxfgu/kflnsf, !!pkdxfgu/kflnsf / &(gu/kflnsf /x]sf] kfOG5 . cag]kfndf hDdf tLg xhf/ b'O{ ;o&^ uflj;x? 5g\ . uflj;x?36\g] / gu/kflnsfsf] ;+Vof a9\g]qmd cBf]kfGt sfod} 5 . cem}c? s]xL yk gu/kflnsf3f]if0ffsf] tof/Ldf klg ;/sf/nflu/x]s} 5 . of] ;/sf/nfO{vf;} nf]slk|o t eGg gldNnf t/gu/lk|o eGg kSs} ldN5 . lj;+=@)&! ;fn of] ;/sf/sf] nflugu/Ls/0fsf] jif{ l;4 ePsf] 5 .
of] ;fn ufp‘3/sf s'gfsGb/f, eL/kfvf 8f‘8f‘sf‘8f / 9'+u]au/x?n] ;d]t gu/ aGg] ;f}efUokfPsf 5g\ . oxf‘;Dd ls x]bf{x]b}{sf7df8f}+ / eQmk'/df ufp‘ vf]h]/klg ge]l6g] lbg cfO;s] . of]eGbf 7"nf] ljsf; c? s] x'G5 / <;fob ca k':tf}+ k':tfn] o:tf]dxfg sfo{sf] hohosf/ dgfpg]5g\ . ToxL hohosf/ kfpgnfO{xf]nf g]tfu0fx?n] vNtLaf6lems]em} u/L ;lhn};‘ugu/kflnsf af‘l8/xg'ePsf] 5 .dfUg hfg] hlt l/Q} kms]{sf]pbfx/0f la/n} e]l6G5 . pxf‘x?n]k|foM ;a}nfO{ lbP/} k7fpg'ePsf]5 . lsgeg] pxf‘x?nfO{ yfxf 5ef]ln ltg} gu/kflnsfaf6 dx+uf]s/ c;'nL u/]/ /fHosf] 9's'6Ldfaf‘Rgkg]{5, ;'v ;on / df]hd:tLug'{kg]{5 .
s'g} a]nf k|frLg o'gfgdfufp‘nfO{ zx/ agfpg] o:t} 7"nf]nx/ lyof] . dfG5]x? ;a}nfO{gu/af;L aGg] /x/ lyof] . sf/0fToxf‘sf] ;/sf/n] zx/af;L nfO{dfq} cfkm\g} gful/s 7fGYof] .l;6Ldf a:g] dfG5]nfO{ dfq}l;l6hg -gful/s_ eGYof] . c?;a}nfO{ u}/gful/ssf] Jojxf/uYof]{ . l;l6hg g} g7fg]kl5ltgnfO{ l;l6hg;Lk cyf{tgful/stf lbg] t emg s'/}lyPg . ;/sf/;‘u ltgsf] s'g}
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;/f]sf/ g} x‘'b}gYof] . ;/sf/Llg0f{ox?df ltgnfO{ ;xefuL x'g]cj;/ lbO‘b}gYof] . ltgsf] ef]l6ª/fO6 ;Dd klg x'‘b}gYof] / tL aGy]b]zleqsf z/0ffyL{em} . x'g] vfg],6f7faf7fx? zx/df a:y] /ltgLdfly /fh uy]{ . ltgnfO{ rsf]{s/ lt/fp‘y] / ToxL k};f a6'n]/cfkm" dflns aGy] . cfh g]kfndfk|frLg o'gfgsf] ToxL pbfx/0fbf]xl/b}5 ls h:tf] nfU5 . cem} klggu/af;L gaGg] xf] eg] of] b]zsf]gful/sg} eOGg ls eGg] 8/ 5 .u}/ gful/s ujf‘/ algg] 8/ †
x'g t gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff x'g';a}sf] nflu v'zLsf] s'/f xf] t/ of]v'zL slt lbg l6Snf < o;n] gof‘gu/af;L hgtfx?nfO{ dhfsdfp8fpg] xf]nf of ;f‘lRrs} dhf klglbg] xf]nf < s] 3f]if0ff ub}{dfau/x? klg gu/ eOxfN5g\ / <cfhsf] o; n]vdf ax;sf] d'Voljifo agfpg vf]h]sf ;jfnx? log}x'g\ . cr]n ljZje/ g} dfG5]x?dfzx/pGd'v k|a[lQ df}nfO/x]sf] 5 .zx/ eg]sf] ;'ljwfsf] kof{o xf] .of] ljsf;sf] pb\3f]if klg xf] .dfG5] ToxL+ a:g rfxG5 hxf‘ ;'ljwf5, ljsf; 5, ;d[l4 5 / zflGt;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt klg 5 .;fdfGotM gu/kflnsfaf6gu/af;Ln] ug]{ ck]Iff log} x'g\ . oLs'/fx?sf] alnof] k"jf{wf/ geOsg/x/ of nx/sf] e/df wdfwdgu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff x'g' ljifoj:t'sf];:tf] of nf]slk|o /fhgLlts/0fdfq} xf] . o;n] d'6\7Le/sf e"–dflkmof, hUuf bnfn Pj+hldgbf/x?nfO{ t kmfObf k'¥ofpnft/ ul/j hgtfsf] yfKnf]df pN6}s/sf] ux|f}+ ef/L yf]kg]{ 5 . lqk'/gu/kflnsfcGtu{t kg]{ v'dsf]6tyf df/fsf]6df a;f]af; ug]{
hgtfn] af6f]3f6f], oftfoft,ljB't, vfg]kfgL, :jf:Yo rf}sL,ljBfnoh:tf cTofjZos;'ljwfx? klg b]Vg / ef]Ug gkfpg]t/ gu/af;L eOof] eGg] gfddf;fgf] l;kmfl/; lng klg k"/}Pslbg nufP/ gf/fo0fk'/ cf]ln{gk¥of] eg] ltgsf nflu Tof];hfoeGbf c? s]xL 7xg]{ 5}g .
gu/Ls/0f zx/Ls/0flt/sf]klxnf] z'?jft xf] . s] o;f] eGb}xfd|f au/x? h;/L /ftf/ft gu/ag] ca To;}u/L zx/ klg aGnfg\t < of] xfd|f] oIf k|Zg xf] .x'gnfO{ au/x? zx/ ag]sfpbfx/0f ljZje/ k|z:t} 5g\ .stf/s} s'/f u/f}+ . jf:tjdf Tof]7fp‘ d?e"dLo hnjfo' ePsf];fgf] au/ h:t} xf] . t/ cfh Tof]cfsif{s zx/ ag]sf] 5 hxf‘ ;g\@)@@ sf] ljZjsk km"6ancfof]hgf x'‘b}5 . Tof] au/nfO{zx/ agfpg] sflnu8x? c? sf]xLxf]Ogg\ g]kfnL g} x'g\ . stf/;/sf/sf] t of]hgf dfq} xf] .To;df >d kl;gf g]kfnLx?n] g}aufPsf 5g\ . oxf‘ s'nhg;+Vofsf] sl/j cfwf efug]kfnL 5g\ . lj8Dagf † tL ljr/fg]kfnLx?nfO{ :jb]zd} a;]/ zx/agfpg] cj;/ g]kfn ;/sf/n]h'6fpg} ;Sb}g .
zx/nfO{ c+u|]hLdf l;6L-City_ eGg] ul/G5 . ;+;f/df;a}eGbf 7"nf] l;6L -City_ eg]sf]Sofkfl;6L -Capacity_ cyf{tbIftf / Ifdtf xf] . Sofkfl;6LePg eg] l;6L dfq} agfp‘5' eg]/x'‘b}g . olb Sofkfl;6L 5 eg] l;6LeGg] s'/f] t ljsf;sf] Pp6f ;fgf]c+z dfq} xf] . To:tf l;6L hltklg agfpg ;lsG5 . cfhljZjdf hfb"do t/Lsfn] ljsf;
;xdltsf] clwstd k|of; u/]/ df3 * df ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ lbzfdfxfdL cu|;/ 5f}+ . k|lqmofdf eP klg ;xdltdf eP klg ^ ;o ! df;xdltsf] ;Dej 5}g . clwstd ;+Vofdf ;xdlt ug'{k5{ .
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hfthfltnfO{ km'6fpg x}g, ldnfpg / Pstfa4 agfpg vf]h]sf] x'F .t/ oxfF t hf] rf]/ p;}sf] 7"nf] :j/ h:tf] eof] . rf]/nfO{ rf}tf/f],;fw'nfO{ ;'nLh:tf] eof] g]kfndf .
– k'iksdn bfxfn ……k|r08ÚÚ -Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf_
sf+u|]; / Pdfcf]jfbL zf;sLo:j?kdf s7f]/ b]lvPsf 5g\ eg];+3Lotfdf Pdfn] s7f]/ b]lvPsf] 5 . sf+u|]; Pdfn]n] cf–cfkm\gf] c8fgg5f8]sf sf/0f Pdfcf]jfbL klg !) k|b]zsf] c8fgd} cl8g'k5{ .
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;dfj]lztfsf] l;4fGtnfO{ ldl>t lgjf{rg k|0ffnLn] g} cfTd;ft ug{;S5 . t/ xfdLn] b'O{j6f ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf cjnDag u/]sf]h:tf] k|0ffnL eg] sbflk xf]Og .
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bfª Plzofs} 7"nf] pkTosf xf] . pTkfbg / a;f]af; dfq} xf]Og, sn sf/vfgfsfnflu klg plQs} dxTjsf] e"ld xf] . olt dfq} xf]Og bfª k|fs[lts?kn] klg dfgjd}qL5 . g w]/} lr;f] 5 g t w]/} tftf] . g v8]/Ln] ;'Vvf g t kfgLn] hndUg . o:tf]ldn]sf] 7fp‘ xf] bfª pkTosf . d}n] hf]8\g vf]h]sf] ljifo o:tf] dxTjk"0f{ 7fp‘nfO{s;/L ;'/lIft /fVg] eGg] xf] .
gof‘ o'uaf]w b}lgssf] k'; !$ ut]sf] c+sdf hLjg / hut :tDedf l8NnLaxfb'//fjtsf] ljrf/ k9\g] df}sf kfP‘ . pQm ljrf/sf] Wo]o eg]s} bfªnfO{ kof{j/0fLolx;fjn] s;/L ;'/lIft agfpg] eGg]df lrGtf JoQm ul/Psf] /x]5 . lhNnfsf] kfgLsf];|f]t eg]s} r'g9'+uf;lxtsf] pQ/L kxf8 xf] hxf‘ ljsf;sf gfddf lagfz ul/b}5 eGg]hfgsf/L n]vn] lbPsf] kfP‘ . lhNnfsf] kof{j/0f / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f t k/} 5l;+uf] kxf8 eTsfpg] sfd l;d]G6 sf/vfgfn] ul//x]sf /x]5g\ .
of] ;To aflx/ NofOlbg'ePsf]df n]vsk|lt cfef/ k|s6 ub{5' . ;fy} k|fs[lts;|f]tsf] bf]xg ug]{x?nfO{ va/bf/L ug]{ sfd c?n] gu/] klg tkfO‘x?h:t} n]vsx?n]lg/Gt/ ul//xg' k5{ . o;/L va/bf/L eO/x] xfd|f] ;'Gb/ bfª / oxf‘ /x]sf k|fs[lts;|f]t;fwg / h}ljs ljljwtf hf]ufpg ;Sg]5f}+ . h;n] xfdLnfO{ dfq} xf]Og xfd|fk'vf{n]h:t} xfd|f ;GtltnfO{ klg ;s'zn bfª x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 .
bfª arfcf}+ cleofg klg yflnPs} 5g\ . /fHosf c+ux? klg Tof] cleofgdfnfU5f}+ eg]sf klg 5g\ . l;d]G6 sf/vfgfsf ;~rfns klg kof{j/0f hf]ufpg nfUg]k|lta4tf k|zf;gd} u/]sf 5g\ . lj8Dagf † tkfO‘n] g} pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 ls Tof];xdlt sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]g . To;f] eP s]xL gug{] t < xf]Og, tkfO‘x?h:t} n]vsx?n];/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ ems\emSofpg] sfd ug'{;\ / xfdLh:tf w]/}nfO{ kof{j/0f k|b"if0fsfaf/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg';\ . Pslbg cjZo ;a}sf cf‘vf v'Ng]5g\ .
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;w} xg'dfg rfln;f kf7 ugf{n] zlg;DaGwL;d:of sd eP/ hfg'sf] ;fy} cg]sf}+ ;d:ofaf6aRg ;lsG5 .
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ssddnn vvggffnn MM d]/f] ljrf/df 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] lg0f{o /fd|f] xf] . t/6«flkms k|x/Ln] 3'; vfP/ uf8L 5f]8\g] k|a[lQ 5f]8\g'k5{ .
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gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff eGbf klgdf3 * leq} ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ffug'{kg]{ jt{dfgsf] 68\sf/f]cfjZostf xf] . d'n's ;+3Lo;+/rgfdf hfg nfu]sf] / ;+ljwfghf/L ug'{kg]{ 8]6nfOg glhlsb}u/]sf] ;+qmd0fsfnLg t/ncj:yfdf ;/sf/n] gu/kflnsf3f]if0ff u/]/ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]cfkm\gf] k|d'v bfloTjdfly g} ;Gb]xk}bf x'g] jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/]sf]5 . o;n] ubf{ klxrfg;lxtsf];+3Lotf dfu ug]{ ljkIfL bnx? /;/sf/aLr emg} b"/L a9\g uPsf]5 . ;Qf;Lg bnx?leq} klgkf6L{ut?kdf c;Gt'li6sf 7"n}:j/x? p7]sf 5g\ .gu/kflnsfx?sf] gfdfs/0f tyfl;df+s/0f cfkm}df ljjfbsf ljifoag]sf 5g\ . /fHo k'gM;+/rgfsf]rsf]{ ax; rln/x]sf] a]nf;/sf/n] yk gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ffu/]/ k"/fg} ;+/rgfsf] yf]/}km]/jbn;lxt :yfgLo lgjf{rg;DkGg ug]{ k|of; ul//x]sf] 5 lseGg] ;Gb]x k}bf ePsf] 5 .;/sf/n] kl/jt{g ;lxtsf];+ljwfg hf/L ug{ rfx‘b}g . @)$&;fnsf] ;+ljwfgdf ;fdfGo x]/km]/u/]/ To;}nfO{ kfl/t ug{ rfxG5eGg] ljkIfLx?sf] cf/f]knfO{ v08gug]{ vfnsf] cu|ufdL kl/jt{gk|:t't ug{ 5f]8]/ ;/sf/gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ffsf] sd{sf08dfnfUg' oyfl:ylts} k'g/fj[lQ xf] .o;/L kl/jt{g ;'lglZrt x'‘b}g .
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zx/nfO{ c+u| ]hLdf l;6L -City_ eGg] ul/G5 . ;+;f/df ;a}eGbf 7"nf] l;6L-City_ eg]sf] Sofkfl;6L -Capacity_ cyf{t bIftf / Ifdtf xf] . Sofkfl;6LePg eg] l;6L dfq} agfpF5' eg]/ x'Fb}g . olb Sofkfl;6L 5 eg] l;6L eGg] s'/f]t ljsf;sf] Pp6f ;fgf] c+z dfq} xf] . To:tf l;6L hlt klg agfpg ;lsG5 .cfh ljZjdf hfb"do t/Lsfn] ljsf; ePsf 7"nf–7"nf l;6Lx? Sofkfl;6Ls}pkh x'g\ . la8Dagf †† g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff ug'{ l;jfo c?To:tf] s'g} Sofkfl;6L 5}g h;n] au/nfO{ zL3| zx/df ?kfGt/0f ug{ ;sf];\ .
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g]kfnL hgtfsf] nfdf] ;dob]lvsf];+3if { , alnbfg, Tofu tk:of /of]ubfgaf6 u0ftGq, wd{ lg/k]Iftf /;+ljwfg;ef g} dxTk"0f{ pknlAw xf] .tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] bz jif{]hgo'4 / )^@÷)^# sf] P]ltxfl;s !(lbg] hgcfGbf]ngsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsfaf6k|fKt pknlAwx?nfO{ ;+:yfut ljsf;u/]/ n}hfg'kg{]df tL pknlAwx? u'Dg]vt/f b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . o;sf] d"nsf/0f /fhgLlts bnx?df b]lvPsf]cf/f]k k|Tof/f]k, ;Qf ;f´]bf/Ldf;dLs/0f / w'|jLs/0f g} k|d'v afwsxf] . g]kfnL hgtfn] o;}sf] kl/0ffd ef]Ub}cfO/x]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf] clwsf/;“u;DalGwt klxnf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] xfd|}cufl8 bnx? dnfdL uP .
bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgaf6hgtfn] lbPsf] ;do;Ldf df3 *glhlsb} ubf{ bnx?sf] b"/L ́ g\ a9\b}5 .ha ue{df aRrf /xG5 pm hGdbf C0fsf]af]´ af]s]/ hGdg'k5{, /fHo olt s+ufn5 . /fHoeGbf JolQm w]/} wgL 5g\ .ul/jL, a]/f]huf/ / clzlIft klg56k6fx6df 5g\ . ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg/x]sf hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/ lgsfosf] Wofg
;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf ;Qfn]lgDTofPsf] ;d:of
ljZjljBfnosf] k9fO / k/LIffdfs:tf] k|0ffnL cjnDag ug]{ eGg] ax;cfh g]kfnsf] pRr lzIffsf] w/f]x/lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf k'gM Psk6sk|j]z u/]sf] 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df k/LIffk|0ffnL s:tf] cjnDag ug]{ eGg] k|;+udfax; / cGtlq{mof ug'{eGbf klg s'gk|0ffnL 7Ls / s'g k|0ffnL a]7Ls eGg]s'/fsf] cf]+7] hjfkmsf] vf]hL ug]{ / o;d}/dfpg] af}l4s hdftsf] klg xfdL;‘usdL 5}g .
k|f=8f= af;'b]j sfkm\n]n] lqlj s]Gb|LoSofDk;sf] :jljo'n] utjif{ cfof]hgf u/]sf]cGtlq{mof sfo{qmddf …xfdLn] ljifodf xf]Ogljlwdf lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ vf]lh/x]sf kf] xf}ls <, xfdLn] lqljnfO{ xfn;Dd o;n] k"/fu/]sf] df; Ph's]zgsf] bfloTjnfO{ 5f]8]/;+e|fGt ju{sf] z}lIfs s]Gb| agfpg vf]h]sf]kf] xf] ls <Ú eGg] uDeL/ k|Zg p7fpg'ePsf]lyof] . xfdLn] nfdf] ;do;Dd jflif{s k|0ffnLg} lsg ckgfof}+ < $) sf] bzsdf lqljn]g} cjnDag u/]sf] ;]d]i6/ k|0ffnL/fhgLlts sf/0fn] dfq c;kmn ePsf]xf] jf c? s'g} sf/0fx? klg lyP < st}ljutdf ;]d]i6/ k|0ffnLsf] c;kmntf;‘uz'4 /fhgLlts sf/0f dfq geO{ 8f=sfkm\n]n] p7fPsf ljifon] klg sfd u/]sflyP ls eGg] k|Zgdf vf;} rrf{ ePsf]5}g .
lzIffdf kx'‘r -Access_, ;dtf-Equity_, u'0f:t/ -Quality_,sfo{Ifdtf -efficiency_ / b[li6sf]0f-outlook_ lzIffsf cGt/f { li6 «odfks x'g\ . ljrf/ / ljifo 5f8]/ ljlws]lGb|t xfd|f] ax;n] oL dfksx? k|fKtug{ ;+ej xf]nf < ofjt k|Zgx?sf];d'lrt hjfkm g]kfnsf] lzIff gLlt/ k4ltleq vf]Hg l9nf eO;s]sf] 5 .d'n'ssf] hn;Dkbf, jg;Dkbf, s[lif,h8La'6L tyf ko{6gIf]qnfO{ bf]xg ug]{/ k|a {4g ug] { k |fljlws hgzlQmljBfno lzIffb]lv g} pTkfbg ug]{,/fHon] lzIffdf nufgL a9fO{ k|To]sgful/snfO{ xfd|f] b]z / xfd|f] eljioeGg] ljifodf clek|]l/t ug]{ ljifonfO{kf7 \oqmddf ;dfj ]z ug] { s'/fdfcfjZos Wofg k'u]g ls < ljifo s]lGb|tax;nfO{ dfq ljlw s]lGb|t ax;n]cf]em]ndf gkf/f];\ . ljlw dfq ;dfwfgxf]Og eGg] s'/fsf] pQ/ vf]Hg xfdL6f9f hfg'kb}{g . lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog;+:yfg dxf/fhu~hdf jflif{s k|0ffnLd}k9fO / k/LIff ;+~rfng eO/x]sf] 5,
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Toxf‘sf] u'0f:t/sf] af/]df ;d:of eof]eGg] t ;''lgPsf]] 5}g t .
ljZjJofkL?kn] k|rnLt k9fO{ / k/LIffk|0ffnLdWo] ljutsf lbgdf jflif{s k|0ffnL(annual system) g} a9L k|rngdf lyof]eg] kl5NNff]sfndf ;]d]i6/ k|0ffnL g} a9Lk|of]udf b]lvG5 . To;f] t ljZjdf cGok|0ffnLx? h:t}M trimester system h;n]z}lIfs ;qnfO{ tLg efudf af‘8\5 . quar-ter system n] rf/ efudf af‘8\5 /quinmester system h'g k|0ffnL v'nflzIff / l;sfOx?df k|of]u ul/G5, k|of]udf5g\ .
ut jif{b]lv lqljn] cfkm\gf] s]Gb|LoSofDk; sLlt{k'/ / s]xL sLlt{k'/ aflx//x]sf s]Gb|Lo ljefux?df ;d]t :gftsf]Q/txdf ;]d]i6/ k|0ffnL nfu' u¥of] . o;sf]k|f/lDes tof/L ub}{ ubf{ lzIffdf u'0f:t/clea[l4sf] nflu cfjZos sbd 7fGb} xfdLljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] klg o;sf k|lt
b]zlt/ nfUg]vfn] u'0f:t/ tof/ eof] <k"/f gePsf k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ ah]6sf]cj:yf s] 5 < bf]; | f ] pRr lzIffkl/of]hgfcGtu{tsf] ut;fn s]Gb |LoSofDk;sf] ;]d]i6/sf] uhf]{ 6f/]sf] ljZja}+ssf] k};f ;lsof] ls af‘sL 5 < ;/sf/n]lzIffdf ah]6 36fPsf] a]nf ;]d]i6/sf]sfo{qmd la:tf/ ubf{ cfjZos kg]{ ah]6st}af6 emg]{ xf] ls hgtfs} 5f]/f5f]/LsfyfKnf]df xfNg] xf] < ofjt k|Zgx?sf]j:t'lgi7 hjfkm / j}1flgs sfo{of]hgfagfpg] a]nf eof] ls gfO‘ <
xfdLn] oL k|Zgx? / ltgsf] plrt /lrta'em\bf] Jofjxfl/s hjfkm lqljaf6kfpg ;s]sf 5}gf}+ . a? kfPsf 5f}, of]jif{ pkTosfsf ;a} SofDk;df ;]d]i6/k|0ffnL nfu' u/L 5f8\g] Psf]xf]/f] /6fg .dxfzox?, tkfO‘x? eGbf xfdL g} a9LlrlGtt 5f}+ . lzIffdf u'0f:t/ sdhf]/eof] . cfhsf] ljZju|fdsf] k|lt:kwf{df
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If]q hDd} To;df c6\g' k5{ . !$ c~rn&% lhNnf ToxL av]8fleq c6\g' k5{ .Oltxf;, e"uf]n ;a} ToxL av]8fleq c6\g'k5{ . lsg x'‘b}g ;xdlt < hlt /fhgLltu/] klg, hlt ;xdltsf] b"/L 6f9f /fv]klg P]ltxfl;s cfGbf]ngb]lv lnP/ efjL/0fgLlts sfo{ of]hgfsf ;kgf b]v] klg .!$ c~rn &% lhNnfn] cf]u6]sf]e"uf]neGbf Ps laQf hldg s;}n] yKg;Sg] xf]Og . oxL e"uf]nleq ul/g]/fhgLlts ltQmtfn] hgtf lg/fz ag]sf5g\ . bnLo c:j:y k|lt:kwf{n] df3 *df g]kfnLsf] clwsf/ ;DkGg gof‘;+ljwfgeGbf ;+ljwfg;efsf] dnfdL hfg]k|jn vt/fsf ;+s]tx? b]vf kg{ yfn]sf5g\ . o;n] ;xdltsf] /fli6«o ;/sf/
;do 3ls{;s]sf] 5 . /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o?kdf klg OHhtsf];jfn 5 . c;kmn /fhg]tf x'g'eGbf ;kmn /fhg]tf b]zdfpbfpg' cfjZos 5 . c;kmn /fi6«eGbf ;kmn /fi6«sf] kl/rolbg h?/L 5 . To;}n] hgcfsf+Iffcg'?ksf] ;+ljwfg n]Vg]lhDdf bnx?nfO{ 5 . o;}df ;a}sf] eljio 5 .
hf‘b}g . clxn] wgL k" ‘hLklt ju{s};]/f]km ]/f]df /x]/ ;+ ljwfg agfpgvf]lhb}5 . cfkm\gf] cg's"nsf] ;+ljwfggag] cf–cfkm \gf c8fgdf cl8u5g\ bnx? . o;n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]kf6f]df ljjfb eGbf ;Qf arfj6df 86]/;+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{ kl5 ws]Ng] s'r]i6fub}{5 . ca k|Zg t]l;{Psf] 5– hgtfsf]s/af6 c;'lnPsf] /fHosf] 9's'6L vfP/;+ljwfg;efdf l5/]sf ^ ;o ! hgf;ef;bx?n] oL bnsf gfOs]x?nfO{va/bf/L ug{ ;Sg] ls g;Sg] < of] b]zsf7]s]bf/ aGg vf]h]sf, of] b]znfO{ cfkm\gf]k'Vof}{nL latf{ 7fg]sf gfOs]x?nfO{ ;+ljwfglgdf{0f eGbf ;Qfsf] afu8f]/ ;DxfNg /dGqL aGg xf]8afhLsf] ;w} /x/ 5 .o;sf] la?4 ;a} hflt, efiff wd{, lnË,ju{ If]q, ;+3;+:yfx? cf–cfkm \gf]clwsf/sf] nflu p7\g] ls gp7\g] <
;xdlt, ;xsfo{ Pstfsf] gfddf;w} 5nkmn x'G5 . t/ lgisif{df 5ndfg]kfnL hgtf em'Sofpg] / cndNofpg] /kmndf cfkm"n] e'‘8L eg]{ / s'DNofpg]dfq x'G5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf cfkm"n]lbPsf] ef]6 cfkm\gf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrtug{ / hgd}qL ;+ljwfg Nofpgsf] nfluxf] . cfkm"n] lbPsf] ef]6 ;xL 7fp‘df;b'kof]u u/fpg cfd g]kfnLsf] cfjfhPstfa4 x'g h?/L 5 . ;+ljwfg;ef;w} x'g] / s]6fs]6Lsf] ef‘8fs'6L v]nxf]Og . ;+ljwfg;ef cfd g]kfnLsf]clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug]{ ynf] xf] . o;k|lt;a} ;r]t g]kfnL cf–cfkm\gf clwsf/sf]nflu uf]naGb x'g h?/L 5 . g]kfnsf];xdlt xhf/f}+ dfOnsf] b'/Ldf c8\lsPsf]5 . zLif{ g]tfx?sf] d'vdf e'ml08Psf];xdltsf] zAb ljut afx|a'‘b] ;xdltaf6z'? ePsf] xf] . cfh afx| a'‘b] ;xdltePsf] gf} jif{ kf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . lab|f]xLelgPsf] dfcf]jfbLsf cv]8fav]8fx? h]hlt lyP of]4fsf] cfsf+Iff ljk/Ltcw{;Demf}tfd} ;'NemfOP . af‘sL zflGtk|lqmofsf d"ne"t d'2fx? ljut gf}jif{b]lv lg/Gt/ 6fu]{6 KjfOG6df g} 5g\ .5nkmndf g]tfx? h'6 \5g\ aflx/lg:sG5g\ / ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ jftf{;sf/fTds ePsf] hfgsf/L lbG5g\ . cas'/f ldNnf eGg] cfzf u¥of] Pp6f gfOs]5'rf] aG5 . csf]{ gfOs]sf] sGkf/f] tfT5 .;xdltsf] b"/L emg\ a9]/ cfp‘5 .
of] b]zsf gfOs] / pkgfOs]x? nfdf];do;Dd g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{ aGwsagfP/ cd"t{ sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;w};Qf ;fem]bf/Ldf ladlt / ;+ljwfglgdf{0fdf cf–cfkm\g} x7 sfod ug{vf]Hg'n] g]kfnL hgtf clg0f{osf] aGbLaGg k'u]sf] xf] . o;/L ;+ljwfg;efnfO{aGws agfpg' ;+ljwfgsf cGtj{:t'df;xdlt h'6fpg g;Sg' , /fHosf ]k 'g;{ +/rgf, zf;sLo:j?k, k|b ]zljefhgh:tf av]8fx?df bnLo x7n]lgDTofPsf k|d'v ;d:of x'g\ . oLav]8fx?df cf–cfkm\gf 7fp‘af6 bnLonrstf x'g h?/L 5 . oL av]8fx?dfs;}nfO{ sd clwsf/ s;}nfO{ a9Lclwsf/ xf]Og ;dfg b[li6n] x]l/g'k5{ .t/fO{, dw]z, lxdfn, kxf8 kf‘r} ljsf;
lgdf{0f / gof‘ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf 7"n}r'gf}tLsf] rfª nufOlbPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf];+ljwfg;efaf6 ePsf] *) k|ltztpknlAwdf bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efn] *!k|ltzt k'¥ofof] ls &( k|ltztdfemf¥of] < ;+ljwfg aG5 eGb} lx‘8\g] g]tfsf/ xfdL g]kfnLsf] dfemdf dfq b'O{ j6faf6f 5g\ . ljjflbt ljifodf s]lGb|t5nkmn / ax;af6 ls ;xdltd};j{dfGo ;+ljwfg aG5 ls t anldrfOsf] cfwf/df b'O{ltxfO{ ax'dtLok|0ffnLsf] ;+ljwfg aG5 / Ps v]dfcfGbf]ngdf pqG5 . o;a]nf g]kfnLhgtf eoÍ/ ;+s6df kg]{ vt/f df3 *n] lgwf{/0f ub}{5 .
/fd|f] ;+ljwfg, xfd|f] ;+ljwfg g]kfnLhgtfsf] cfjZostf xf] . o; ;Gbe{dfbnLo u}/lhDd]jf/Lkg b]lvg' k"0f{sfo/tfxf] . JolQmut ;f]r / lrGtgaf6 u|l;t/fhgLlt1x? ;fd"lxs :jfy{df rf;f]g/fVg' . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf Wofg s]lGb|tgug'{ / hgtfsf] clwsf/dfly x}sdnfb\g' ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] afws /sf/stTj xf] . g]tfsf b}lgs 5nkmn /ax; lbg sf6\g] sfn klv{g] / xfQLcfof], xfQL cfof] km':;f eg]em}+ ePsf]5 .
o;/L ;w} hgtf em'SofP/ /fhgLltug]{ /fhgLlts v]nf8Lx?nfO{ 3]/faGbL/ va/bf/Lsf] cfjZostf 5 . of] b]zs;}sf] Psn :jfldTjdf /x]sf] 5}g .;a}sf] ;femf ;DklQ xf] . of] df6f]sf]dfof ;a}nfO{ 5 . ;a}sf] df}lns clwsf/a/fa/L 5 . To;}n] df3 * k5fl8 x'g];Defljt vt/fnfO { 6fg{ ;a }sf ]k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;xdltdf ;+ljwfglgdf{0fsf] nflu cf–cfkm\gf x7 TofuLlgsf; vf]Hg h?/L 5 . ax'dtLok|0ffnLaf6 ag]sf] ;+ljwfg ;j{dfGo x'‘b}g .cfGbf]ng klg g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfxf]Og . df3 * k5fl8 x'g ;Sg] ;DefljtcfGbf]ngnfO{ bafpg k"j{tof/L ug'{ /k|ltkIfnfO{ emg\ cfqmf]lzt agfpg' /fHosf]sfo/tfk"0f{ u}/ lhDd]jf/L sfo{ xf] .
Psn] csf{nfO{ bdg u/]/ ;QfkIf/ k|ltkIf k|:t't x'g] xf] eg] b]z km]l/d'7e]8sf] lbzflt/ pGd'v x'g] vt/fa9]/ cfp‘5 . df3 * cl3 g} bnLodbe]bsf] cGTo u/L zflGt k|lqmofsfaf‘sL sfo{ef/ k"/f ub}{ hgkIfLo ;+ljwfglgdf{0fdf nfUg' kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .olt a]nf ;xdltdf ;+ljwfg eGbf klgclns a9L g]kfnL hgtfn] cfGbf]ngsf]ef/ v]Kg'kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPsf] x'‘bf of]hf]lvdk"0f{ ;Defjgfaf6 g]kfn /g]kfnLnfO{ hf]ufpg ;xdltsf] ;+ljwfgh?/L 5 . ;Qf s]lGb|t x'g'eGbf d]/} afv|f5 ;]/ gu/L l56f]eGbf l56f] ljjflbtljifodf ;xdlt ub}{ b]znfO{ bnx?n]lgsf; lbg' clt pko'Qm x'G5 . ;do3ls{;s]sf] 5 . /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o ?kdfklg OHhtsf] ;jfn 5 . c;kmn /fhg]tfx'g'eGbf ;kmn /fhg]tf b]zdf pbfpg'cfjZos 5 . c;kmn /fi6« eGbf ;kmn/fi6«sf] kl/ro lbg h?/L 5 . To;}n]hgcfsf+Iffcg'?ksf] ;+ljwfg n]Vg] lhDdfbnx?nfO{ 5 . o;}df ;a}sf] eljio 5 .
cfof] sln wk–wkL anL . dfG5]sfaLr dRrfof] vnanL . ;To o'u,q]tfo'u, åfk/o'u / slno'u lbAo !@xhf/ jif{df rf/} o'usf] ;dflKt x'g]wd{zf:qx?df pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . wd{zf:qsf cg';f/ o'ux?sf] klg cf–cfkm\g}ult / cfo' /xg] u/]sf] 5 . oxLslno'usf] aofg d u?‘ s;/L <
k|frLg ;+:s[ltdf b[9tf sfod xf];\egL k'/f0f, bz{g, Hof]ltif tyf gof‘ef}uf]lns l;4fGtsf] ;dGjo u/Le"uf]nsf] j0f{g ul/Psf] kfOG5 . jf:tjdfkf}/fl0fs e"uf]n cj}1flgs klg t 5}gt/ e"uf]nsf] j0f{g s]jn k|frLg 9+usf]x'‘bf slno'usf dfG5]sf nflu eg] of]Tolt ;Gtf]ifsf] 5}g .
slno'usf dfG5]sf aLr jfbsf] ljjfbrln/x]sf] 5 Tof] xf] ef}ltsjfb /cfWofTdjfb . oxL b'O{ jfbnfO{ dfG5]n]/fd|f];‘u a'em\g] xf] eg] of] jfbljjfblglj{jfb?kaf6 ;dfwfg x'g ;S5 .ef}ltsjfbLx? eG5g\ O{Zj/ gfdsf] s'g}tTj 5}g– ljZjsf] pTklQ Pj+ k|no cflb;a} 36gf k|fs[lts lgod cg';f/rln/xG5g\ . cfWofTdjfbLn] eg] olb k|s[lth8 xf] eg] p;df ;[li6 ug]{ zlQm x'g};Sb}g . ctM ;[li6 cflbsf nflu O{Zj/nfO{dfGg} k5{ . hxf‘–hxf‘ w'jf‘ x'G5 Toxf‘ cjZocfuf] x'G5 cfWofTdjfb o;} eG5 .
bz{g zf:qx? cg'dfg k|df0fåf/fO{Zj/ l;l4 u5{g\ / ;[li6sf ;|i6fO{Zj/nfO{ g} atfp‘5g\ . of] g}cfWofTdjfbsf] alnof] ts{ xf] . of] n]vk9]/ kf7sa[Gbx?nfO{ nfUg ;S5 ls
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nf]e / k|nf]egsf s'/fdf kmfObf p7fP/wg sdfpg] / ;'v ef]Ug] ;kgf b]Vg]x?sf]hdft w]/} afSnf] 5 . cem a9\b} 5 .ul/jsf lglDt yf]/} g} w]/} 5 t/ slno'usful/jx?sf] grflxbf] a9\tf df]xn] pGgltx'g g;s]sf] xf] . To;}n] g} bn bndf km;]/km;fP/ kn–kndf wg sdfpg]x?sf] 7"nf]xf]8afhL rn]sf] kfOG5 . Sof sfObfsf]kmfObf slno'udf . wgLsf] hLjgdf OR5fn];'vnfO{ lgDtf] lbG5 . t/ ul/jsf]lhGbuLdf ToxL OR5fn] cf‘vfdf cf‘;'af]nfp‘5 . ;bf ;'vL /xg' g} hLjgsf] nIfdflgG5 . t/ k"/f x'‘b}g slxNo} klg of]slno'udf . oxf‘ t csf{sf] b'Mv b]v]/;'v ldN5 slno'usf dfG5]nfO{ . of] g}pgLx?sf] u'Kt u'0f xf] . To;}n] To:tf] sfo{ug{ clt ?rfp‘5g\ slno'usf dfG5]x? .sf]xL s/f]8klt c/aklt ag]/ k};fsf]b'?kof]u u5{g, sf]xL vfg kfP/ /cf }iflwljgf k|f0f 5f ]l8/x ]sf x'G5g\slno'usf dfG5]x? . ckx/0f, xTof cGofo,cTofrf/, b'/frf/, anfTsf/h:tf h3Gock/fw h:tf 36gf df}nfp‘bf] 5 . kLl8tn]b'Mv kfp‘5 kL8sn] Gofo kfp‘5 wGo 5slno'u . sLlt{eGbf ljs[lt km}nbf] 5 .;fd, bfd b08 e]bnfO{ alnof] xltof/agfP/ cfkm\gf] :jfy{k"lt{sf nflu nfnflot5 / nflu /x]sf 5g\ To;}df slno'usf
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;]d]i6/ k|0ffnL z'? ul/Psf] lqljs]Gb|Lo SofDk;df y'k|} sfd ug{ af‘sL5 . k"jf{wf/ kof {Kt ag]sf] 5}g .cfjZos cTofw'lgs k|ljlw t 5}g g}dlN6ldl8of rnfpg] lzIfs 5}gg\ eGbfnHhfsf] dx;'; x'G5 . clGtd k/LIffsf]glthf tLg dlxgfdf lbg] k|ltj4tfnfO{;]d]i6/s} glthf cfpg kf‘r dlxgfnfu ] / wf ] t L nufO;s ]s f ] 5 .lzIffzf:qsf] glthfn] t o;sf] wHhLg} p8fOlbPsf] 5 . jflif{s k|0ffnLdfrf/ xhf/ ljBfyL{ k/LIffdf ;xefuLx‘'bf !@ ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf pQL0f{ x'Gy] .;]d]i6/df gf} ;o @! n] k/LIff lbPsf]dftLg ;o ;ft kf; ePsf 5g\ . of]eg]sf] ## k|ltzt xf], $) xf]Og . t/lqlj o;nfO{ $) k|ltzt eG5 .
d}n] km]l/ klg ;]d]i6/sf] la?4hgdt agfpg vf]h]sf] xf]Og . ;]d]i6/k|0ffnL lqljn] ev{/ dfq z'? u/]sf]eg] xf]Og . Ol~hlgol/ª cWoog ;+:yfgcGtu{tsf ;a} z}lIfs sfo{qmdx?;]d]i6/ k|0ffnLd} 5g\ . lqljn] z'? u/]sflj1fg / Joj:yfkgsf ;a} gof‘sfo{qmdx? klg of] eGbf klxn]b]lv g};]d]i6/ k|0ffnLd} rln/x]sf 5g\ . t/Pp6f lttf] ;To s] 5 eg] oL ;a}sfo{qmdx? lqljsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/k|of]u u/]/ lghL ?kn] em}+ rln/x]sf5g\ / ;fwf/0f hgtfsf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf]kx'‘r / uGtJo sdhf]/ 5 .
;]d]i6/ lzIffdf u'0f:t/sf] nflucfjZos 5 . t/ o;nfO{ nfu' ubf{hgtfsf] z}lIfs clwsf/ vf]:g' x‘'b}g .o;f] ePdf sbflk ;xg ;lsb}g .k"jf{wf/ tof/L k"/f u/]/ dfq o;nfO{nfu' u/ . of] jif{d} pkTosfdf nfu'ul/xfNg] xjfO ;kgf gb]v . of] xtf/f]n]lqlj kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;]d]i6/ k|0ffnLk/fdz{bftf eP/ ljZj a}+ssf] 8n/krfpg] af6f] t v'nf unf{ t/ hgtfsf5f]/f5f]/Lsf] l8u|L k"/f ug]{ ;kgfdf eg]tuf/f] kf] aGg] xf] ls <
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;xof]ufTds sbd p7fof}+ . ha o;nfO{nfu' ug]{ lbg glhs cfp‘b} lyP lqljsf]tof/L eg] lkmtnf] g} lyof] . tof/L /fd|f]geO{ o;nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf hfg] xtf/f] gu/f}+eGg] cfjfh klg ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] p7fPt/ of] cfjfhnfO{ lzIffdf u'0f:t/ la/f]wLultljlwsf] ?kdf lrq0f ug]{ k|of; klgul/of] . lqljn] Tolta]nf ;/f]sf/jfnfljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?;‘u !@ j6f a' ‘bfdfk | lta4tf hfx ] / u¥of ] . d ' Vot Mlgoldt?kdf k9\5' eGg] ljBfyL{nfO{ sf]6flgwf{/0fsf] gfddf k9fOaf6 al~rt x'gglbg,] sf]6f a9fP/ xn ug]{, Go"gtd z'Nsb/ lgwf{/0f u/L slDtdf kf‘r jif{sf] nflul:y/ /fVg] / z'Ns ltg{ g;Sg] ljBfyL{sf]nflu 5fqa[lQsf] Joj:yf ug] { . c?ljifox? t clgjfo{ ef}lts tyf z}lIfsk"jf{wf/sf s'/f eOxfn] .
cfh Ps jif{kl5 lqljlt/ kms]{/ x]bf{slt ljBfyL{n] k9\g kfP < sltn] 5fqa[ltkfP < kf7\oqmd lj1x?sf] l6dn] gof‘9+un]tof/ u¥of] of pxL k'/fg} jflif{s k|0ffnLsf]kf7\oqmdnfO{ b'O{ efudf a|]s 8fpg ul/of]< cfGtl/s d"Nof+sgsf] cj:yf s] /x\of] <lzIf0f l;sfOdf cTofw'lgs k|ljlwsf] k|of]ueof] ls ePg < k9fO / k/LIff tyf glthfk|sfzg ;dodf eof] ls ePg < glthfn]jflif{s k/LIffs} emNsf] kf] lbof] ls ofgjLgtf k|fKt eof] < o;n] lzIffdf cfdhgtfsf] kx'‘r sfod x'g ;Sof] ;s]g oft u'0f:t/sf] s'/fn] kx'‘rnfO{ nTofOlbof]< u'0f:t/ klg g]kfn / g]kfnLsf]cfjZostf k"/f ug]{lt/ 5 jf km]l/ ;kgfs}
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cf/cf/ SofDk;df utjif{ k|j]zePsf ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof @# ;o lyof] .;]d]i6/df hf‘bf tLg ;o x'g] s'/f SofDk;k|d'v eGg'x'G5 . To;}u/L tfxfrndf !%;oaf6 b'O{ ;o krf;b]lv tLg ;o;Dd .klJns o'ydf cf7 ;o @) df Ps ;o*) hgf . tYof+sn] eG5 xfdL EofnLe/cfhs} ef}lts / z}lIfs k"jf{wf/ lnP/;]d]i6/df hfg' eg]sf] hgtfsf] z}lIfsclwsf/nfO{ ;dfKt kfg'{ xf] . lgoldtljBfyL{nfO{ sf]6fsf sf/0f al~rt gug]{/ clgoldtnfO{ v'nf tyf b"/ lzIffsf]l j lwa f6 lzI f 0 f ug ] { e Gg ] lqljkbflwsf/Lsf] utjif{sf] k|lta4tfn] xfjfvfO;s]sf] / utjif{ ljZj a}+ssf] k};fn]wfg]sf] of] sfo{qmd of] jif{ ;/sf/L ah]6sfsf]kefhgdf k/]sf]n] ca o;sf] d"Nocfsflzg] vt/f s;}n] 6fg{ ;Sg] 5}g .o:tf] cj:yfdf pkTosfsf ;a} SofDk;dfof ] sfo{qmd nfu' u5 ' { eGg' lqljkbflwsf/Lsf] e'Sg] s's'/sf] rfn dfq xf],
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d]if -r",r],rf],nf,nL,n",n],nf],c_ M cfh Joy{sf] ljjflbt emGem6 cfpg ;Sb5 . vr{ a[l4 klg x'g ;Sb5 .
t'nf -/ f,/L,?,/ ] ,/ f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _ M wg b|Jon] kTofpnf . kl/>d / emd]nf;“u h'Wg'kg]{ klg x'g ;Sb5 .
ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s],sf],x_ M sd{ k|wfg /xg]5 . sfo{ If]qaf6 ;Gtf]ifsf] cg'e"lt xf]nf .
wg' -o],of],ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e]_ M 3/fo;L If]qsf sfo{x? s]xL ljnDa eP klg ;kmn /xnfg\ .
l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6]_ M :jf:Yo / vr{sf] eo klg /xg ;Sg] b]lvG5 .
s'De -u",u],uf],;,;L,;',;],;f],b_ M dg k|zGg /xnf . wg nfe / cfkmGt;“usf] ld7f; sfod} /xnf .
j[if -O{,pm,P,cf],jf,lj,j",j],jf]_ M wg nfe, ;'v k|flKt afxgflb ;'v ;Gtf]ifhgs /xnf .
j[lZrs -tf],gf,gL,g",g],gf],of,oL,o"_ M tkfO“sf of]hgf ;kmn x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .
ss{6 -xL,x",x],xf],8f,8L,8",8],8f]_ M dfg a9\g] of]u /fd|} b]lvG5 . dg / x[bo ;kmf /xnf . wfld{s s'/fx?df dg hfnf .
ds/ -ef],hf,hL,h",h],hf],vf,vL,v",v],vf],uf,uL_ M sd{ If]qdf k/fqmd a9\g] of]u b]lvG5 . ;do nfehGo /xg ;Snf .
sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf]_ M b}lgs /f]huf/sf] If]q ;Gtf]ifhgs /xnf .
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lzjd\ cf/f]Uo s]Gb|8f= lk=Pg= emf=åf/ f ;~rflnt lzjd\ cf/ f] Uo s] Gb|df ca yk pTs[i6
;]jf ;'ljwfsf ;fy k|To]s lbg lj/ fdL r]shf“Fr eO/ x]sf] hfgsf/ L u/ fOG5 . 8f= åf/ f lbOg] ;]jfx? M k'?if M ln+u pQ]hgf gx'g] , s8fkg gx'g] , zlQmdf sdL, zL3| :vngsf] ;d:of, of} g ;Dks{af6 ;g] { ;+qmldt of}g / f]ux?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ . dlxnf M dlxgfjf/ Ldf ;d:of, ;]tf] kfgL aUg] , of] gL lrnfpg] , tNnf] k]6 b'Vg] , 9f8 b'Vg] , of} g OR5fdf sdL, of]gL ;'Vvf x'g] cflb . 5fnf M 8l08kmf] / , cg'xf/sf] rfof kf]tf] , ;]tf] b'jL, bfb, 3fp, vl6/ f tyf 5fnfhGo ;Dk"0f{ / f]usf] ;kmn pkrf/ . lgM;Gtfgkg M dlxnf–k'?ifdf x'g] lgM;Gtfgkg ;d:ofsf] ;kmn pkrf/ . cGo /f]ux? M Uofli6«s, kfoN;, ;'u/, k|];/, bd, jfy tyf g;f;DaGwL /f]u, dfgl;s /f]ux?, lbdfusf] af]wf]kg, g}/ fZotf, clgb|f, lrGtf, 8/, eo, qf;, xfO8«f] l;n, xlg{of, b'Anf]kg, df]6f]kg, hl08; cflbsf] ;kmn pkrf/ .
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;Dks{ M lzjd\ cf/f]Uo s]Gb|3f]/ fxL, bfª -t'n;Lk'/ rf]sb] lv !)) ld= klZrd b]p/ fnL bf] xf] / L ;fFemsf] bf];|f] tNnfdf_
/fKtL c~rnsf] Psdfq ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 8fS6;{ lSnlgsdf wgjGt/L cfo''j]{b xl:k6n P08 l/;r{ ;]G6/ k|f=ln= sf7df7f}+sf / rlr{t 6]lnlehg sfo{qmd /ft k/]kl5sf of}g k/fdz{bftf jl/i7 ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 tyf ;]S;f];fOsf]lhi68f= la=s]=ld>fåf/f oxL k'; @! ut]sf lbg :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/g] x'“bf of}gnufot dfgl;s ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?n] ;ddo} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf]; .
;Dks{ M dftf dgsfdgf cf/f]Uo s]Gb|lxdfno a}+s;Fu} Go'/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª
kmf]g M )*@–%^@(*#, df]= (*$&*&&!!$
;]S;f]nf]lhi6 8f= la=s]= ld>f 3f]/fxL, bfªdf
tkfO“x?n] kfpg] ;]jfx? M k'?ifdf b]lvg] M zL3| ktg, of}g ;Gt'li6 gx'g], of}g rfxgf gx'g], ln+u pQ]hgf gx'g], ln+u lrnfpg], :jKg bf]if, ;?jf of}g/f]usf ;fy} pd]/ cg';f/sf] of}g c+usf] ljsf; gx'g' . dlxnfdf b]lvg] M ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of]gL lrnfpg], dlxgfjf/L u8a8L, tNnf]k]6 b'Vg], of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL ePsf] dx;'; x'g], kf7]3/;DaGwL ;d:of, of}g c+usf] ljsf; gx'g' . dfgl;s M dfgl;s 8/, eo, lbdfusf] af]wf]kg, lg/fzf, lvGgtf, clgb|f . lg;Gtfgkg M dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf x'g] af“emf]kg -lg;Gtfg_ sf] uf]klgotfsf ;fy ljz]if k/fdz{ tyf pkrf/ .
lj/fdL hf“Rg] ldlt tyf ;do MoxL k'; @! ut] ljxfg ( ah]b]lv % ah];Dd .
kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ ug{ ;lsG5 .
;fy} k|To]s lbg 8fS6/ k|ljg emfåf/f lj/fdL r]shf“r ul/G5 .
d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ !) ut]lahf}/Laf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/ L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/ lbg'xf]nf .
gfd M ljgf]baxfb'/ g]kfnL /fxbfgL g+= M $%(&)%&7]ufgf M lahf}/L uf=lj=;=–#, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*)*$^@!)@
/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ !% ut]
af3df/]af6 t'n;Lk'/tkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/ L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/ lbg'xf]nf .
gfd M 8Da/axfb'/ jnL /fxbfgL g+= M $$*@^*$7]ufgf M af3df/] uf=lj=;=–#, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*$!^*##&#
/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †
d]/ f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! d+l;/ !% ut]vn+ufaf6 >Lgu/tkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/ L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/ lbg'xf]nf .
gfd M ldgk|;fb yfkf /fxbfgL g+= M )^!$%*@7]ufgf M ;]hjfn6fs'/f–(, ;Nofg ;Dks{ g+= M (*!*%@)@@(
/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †
o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf
af‘“s], !$ k'; . sfof{nos}sd{rf/Lsf] la/f]w y]Ug g;s]kl5 g]kfnu~h pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t nf]saxfb'/ ;'gf/…;'6'SsÚ sf7df8f} + lx“8]sf 5g\ . h'g;'s};fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf sd{rf/Lx? g]tfsf]lk5nUu' ePsfn] sfd ug{ cfkm"nfO{ ufx|f] ePsf] atfpg] u/]sf ;'gf/nfO{ k'; ( ut]sf] …:6fkm ldl6ªÚ df sd{rf/Lx?n] ¥ofv–¥ofVtL kf/]kl5 …cfOGbf sfof{nodf kfOn} g6]Sg]Ú atfp“b};'gf/ sf7df8f} + lx“8]sf x'g\ . sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'gf/n] sf]xLnfO{ lgldQ klg lbPsf 5}gg\ .
;'gf/ PSsf;L sf7df8f} + lx“8]kl5 sfof{nosf] sfd sf/jfxL k|efljt ePsf]sd{rf/Lx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . …cfufdL @^ ut] kl/ifb\ tf]lsPsf] 5, j8f e]nf u/]/
of]hgf th'{df ug'{kg] { / ah]6 ;ldltdf sfo{sf/L a:g'kg] { x'G5Ú– Ps sd{rf/L eG5g\– …sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'gf/sf] o:tf]rfnfn] pkdxfgu/kflnsf g} Pd;Ldf km]n x'g] ;DDefjgf a9]sf] 5 .Ú
sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'gf/n] nfdf];dob]lv sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx? g]tfsf]lk5nUu' eP/ cfkm"nfO{ PSNofpg] u/]sf]atfp“b} cfPsf lyP . …xfdL klg hf“r kf; u/]/ cfp“5f} +, tkfO“n] ;w} + o:tf]lsg eGg'x'G5 eGbf ldl6ªdf sfo{sf/L clws[t PSsf;L ;Gs]sf]Ú Ps sd{rf/Ln]atfP . ldl6ªdf zx/L :jf:Yo lSnlgssf] lansf ;DaGwdf klg ljjfb ePsf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷&! sf] of]hgfdf nfvf} + ?k}of“ e|i6frf/ ePsf] eGb} ebf}@$ ut]b]lv sl/j b'O{ bh{g kf6L{n]sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'gf/sf] la/f]w u/]/cfGbf]ng g} u/]kl5 ;'gf/n] cfkm\g}
sfof{nosf sd{rf/Ln] g]tfx?sxf“ uf]Ko ;"rgf k'¥ofPsf] atfp“b} cfPsf lyP . g]tfx?n] of]hgf 5fglagsf] dfu u/]/ cfGbf]ng u/] klg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L a]bk|sfz n]vsn] k|zf;sLo clws[tsf] ;+of]hsTjdf 5fglag ;ldlt agfpg'ePsf] 5 . cfkm\g} sfof{nosf sd{rf/Ln] PSNofpg] / lhNnfsf ;a}h;f]bnn] alx:sf/sf] l:ylt cfPkl5 ;'gf/g]kfnu~h pkdxfgu/kflnsf 5f]8\g]dgl:yltdf k'u]/ sf7df8f} + lx“8]sf];|f]tn] atfPsf] 5 . o;cl3 sf7df8f} + hf“bf ;'gf/n] k|zf;sLo clws[t df]xg xdfnnfO{ lgldQ lbb} cfPsf lyP .
g]kfnu~hdf cfkm"nfO{ a:g vfg glbPsf] l6Kk0fL ul//xg] ;'gf/n]dGqfnodf ;?jf dfUg uPsf] a'lemPsf]5 . o; ;DaGwdf a'em\g sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'gf/;“u ;Dks{ ubf{ ;Dks{ x'g ;s]g .
Afg]kf, !$ k'; -o';_– g]kfn h];Lhsf] $! cf} + /fli6«o dxflwj]zgaf6 cWoIfdf DofUbL h];Lhsf k"j{cWoIf wg~hos'df/ >]i7 lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 .
pxf“sf lgs6td k|ltåGåL kf]v/f h];Lhsf /jLGb| u'?ªnfO{ x/fp“b} pxf“ h];Lhsf] cWoIfdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] xf] . >]i7n]gf} ;o (# / u'?ªn] kf“r ;o &^ dt Nofpg'ePsf] lyof] . dtbfgdf b]ze/sf Ps ;o #* zfvfaf6 Ps xhf/ ^ ;o ^% dt v;]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L sfo{sf/L pkfWoIfdf /Ltf Gof}kfg], dlgif /d0f zfx, c~hgLs'df/ k/fh'nL /
k|sfzk|;fb clwsf/L ljhoL x'g'ePsf] 5 .
!@ pkfWoIf kbsf nflu ePsf] lgjf{rgdf e]ifhf sfkm\n], bLk]Gb| s];L, cfgGb clwsf/L, lbnaxfb'/ cof{n -/fh'_, sdnf kf]v/]n -d~h'_, s'd'bf j}B ->]i7_, kf/; zdf{ l/dfn, clgnaxfb'/ zfxL, >Llht >]i7, >4f l;njfn, ;'jf;s'df/ e§/fO{ / ab|L ;fksf]6f ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf >]i7n]sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/df ljZjDe/a'9fyf]sL, dxf;lrjdf hutaxfb'/ kf]v/]n /sf]iffWoIfdf lai0f' nD;fnnfO{ dgf]lgt ug'{ePsf] 5 . /f;;
q lgd';+ud 3tL{
;f+} l8of/, !$ k'; . uflj;nfO{ afnd}qL lagfpgsf nflu ;f} +l8of/sf afnaflnsfx? ue{af6 afn arfp cleofgdf nfu]sf 5g\ .
afnaflnsfd}qL uflj; 3f]if0ff ug{] lg0f{o u/]/ ljleGg cleofg rnfPsf afnaflnsfx? ue{af6}aRrfsf clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ afn arfp, hlGd;s]kl5 afn ljsf;, afn ;+/If0f / afn ;xeflutfsf ljifodf pgLx?n] cleofg g} rnfPsf 5g\ . ue{sf] aRrfsf] lgoldt hf“r / Vofn ug{ cleefjsx?nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg]b]lv uflj;sf x/]s ;+:yf / sfo{qmddf afn ;xeflutfsf nflu pgLx? cu|;/aGb} uPsf 5g\ . k|To]s j8fdf afn ;~hfn u7g u/L pgLx? afnd}qL uflj; agfpg cfkm}n] ;r]tgf /va/bf/L ul//x]sf 5g\ .
…afn clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ ue{af6} Wofg lbg'k5{ eGg] s''/f cleefjsx?nfO{ l;sfPsf 5f+}Ú– afn ;~hfnsf pkfWoIf z/b k'nfdLn]eGg'eof]– …ue{af6} Pp6f aRrfsf]clwsf/ cleefjsn] a'em\g ;s] dfq}kl5 c? clwsf/ lbg ;lhnf] x'G5 .Ú a9\b} uPsf] afn ljjfxn] bL3{sfnLg ljs/fn ;d:ofsf] ?k lnPsf] k'nfdLsf]egfO 5 . …afnclwsf/ / st{Josf af/]df yfxf gx'“bf w]/ } afnaflnsfx? afn ljjfx u/]/ kl5 k5'tfPsf 5g\Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …clwsf/ / st{Josf af/]df yfxf gx'“bf slnn} pd]/df cfdf aGbf :jf:Yo ;d:of / lx+;f x'g] u/]sf]5, o;}nfO{ /f]Sg] klg xfd|f] nIo xf] .Ú
…dfgl;s?kd} cleefjs /afnaflnsfnfO{ afnclwsf/sf af/]df k"0f{ 1fg lbg ljleGg ;dodf 3/b}nf], krf{ ljt/0f, ¥ofnL / va/bf/Lsf ;fy} ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf cfkm"x?sf]
pkl:yltsf ;fy} k|ltlglwTjsf] vf]hL u/]sf 5f} +Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] . xfn} tLg lbg] afn lzlj/df ;xefuL ePsf ;f+} l8of/sf afnaflnsfn] cg'zf;g, clwsf/ / st{Josf ljifodf 1fg lnPsf] zfGtf k'gn] atfpg'eof] . …cg'zf;g ;a}sf] uxgf xf], ha;Dd xfdLdf cg'zf;g / nugzLntf x'“b}g ta;Dd clwsf/ k|fKt ug{ cK7]/f]x'G5Ú– zfGtfn] eGg'eof]– …afn arfp, afn lasf;, afn ;+/If0f / afn ;xeflutfnfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ agfP/sfd u/]sf 5f} + .Ú
@)&@ ;fnleq} ;f}l8of/nfO{ afnd}qL uflj; 3f]if0ff ug] { nIo lnPsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;/sf/L /u}/;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] 5 . uflj;df afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ;ldlt u7g, afn ljjfxla?4sf af]8{ :yfkgf, afn ljjfxla?4 leQ]n]vg, ljBfnodf afn ljjfxn] kfg] { c;/sf ljifodf ;r]tgf, afn Snj tyf ;~hfn u7g, lszf]/L ;d"x
u7g u/L sfd eO/x]sf] afnd}qL kmf]snk;{g ljdn of]uLn] atfpg'eof] . To:t} afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/nfO{ a'emfpg :jo+;]ljsfx?nfO{ hGdbtf{ /k"0f{vf]k ;DaGwL tflnd, afn ljjfxn]kfl//x]sf] c;/sf ljifodf j8f:t/Lo ;8s gf6s k|bz{g / afn Snax?sf]Ifdtf ljsf;df sfd eO/x]sf] of]uLn]atfpg'eof] .
uflj;df /x]sf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf, lgdf{0f x'g]pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, of]hgf th'{dfdf afnaflnsfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'“b} uPsf]pxf“sf] egfO 5 . afnd}qL uflj; agfpgsf nflu uflj;sf] s'n ah]6sf]!% k|ltzt afnaflnsfsf] If]qdf nufpg] ul/Psf] 5 eg] Knfg g]kfnn]afnd}qL Ifdtf clea[l4 sfo{qmdsf nflu of] jif{ * nfv ?k}of“ ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf !) j6f uflj;nfO{ afnd}qL 3f]if0ff ug] { u/L lhlj;n] klg tflnd / sfo{qmdx? ;~rfgn ub} { cfPsf] 5 .
o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf
t'n;Lk'/, !$ k'; . wgf}/L uflj;n] @! cf} + ufp“ kl/ifb\af6 cfly{s jif{ @)&@–&# sf nflu s'n @^ nfv *) xhf/& ;o ?k}of“ ah]6 lalgof]hg u/]sf] 5 . uflj; sfof{non]u/]sf] ufp“ kl/ifbaf6 !& nfv *^ xhf/ k"“hLut, rf/ nfv %# xhf/ ;~rfng / rf/ nfv #* xhf/ j}b]lzs tkm{sf] ah]6 laleGg of]hgf tyf sfo{qmddf lalgof]hg ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] xf] .
o:t} afnaflnsftkm{ b'O{ nfv %& xhf/ cf7 ;o %$, dlxnftkm{ Ps nfv &! xhf/gf} ;o tLg, nlIft ju{ b'O{ nfv %& xhf/ cf7 ;o %& ?k}of“ ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . kl/ifb\n]l;+rfOnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbP/ ah]6 lalgof]hg u/]sf]hgfPsf] 5 . uflj; ;lrj /fh]zs'df/ u'Ktfn] !# df}h]larf/L af“wnfO{ s]Gb|Lo of]hgfdf l;kmfl/; ug] { kl/ifb\af6 kfl/t
ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . of]hgfcGtu{t ;8s, af“w, laB't, vfg]kfgLnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] uflj; ;lrj u'Ktfn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . uflj;nfO{ @)&# r}t dlxgfleq afnd}qL /k"0f{ ;/;kmfOo'Qm uflj; 3f]if0ff ug] { lg0f{o ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 .
uflj; ;lra /fh]zs'df/u'Ktfsf] cWoIftf Pj+ lhlj; bfªsf ;fdflhs ljsf; clws[t afns[i0f vgfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf u'?k|;fb rf}w/L, Pdfn]sf 6Lsf/fd l/hfn, Pdfcf]jfbLsf hLj/fh k'g, /fk|kf g]kfnsf 6f]kaxfb'/ jnL, g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf lai0f' lwtfnn]af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .
o:t} ;dfh;]jLx? 8f= 3gZofd 8f“uL, tLy{axfb'/ 8f‘“uL, xl/eQm 8f“uL, g/]z 8f“uL, kqsf/;'zLn a:g]tnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf]lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f pk:jf:Yo rf}sL k|d'v a;Gt cfrfo{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
afn arfp cleofgdf ;~hfn la/f]w y]Ug g;s]kl5 sfo{sf/L clws[t sf7df8f}+df
pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] sfd sf/jfxL k|efljt
wgf}/L uflj;sf]ljsf;sf nflu @& nfv
q bLks l3ld/ ]
3f] / fxL, !$ k'; . bfª lhNnfdf sf/sf] laqmL a9\bf]5 . kl5Nnf] ;do lglZrt cfo;|f]t x'g]x?sf nflu ;fgf ;jf/ L ;fwg nf]slk|o x'g] u/ ]sf 5g\ .
s]xL ;do klxn]3f] / fxL ahf/df kmf§km'§ dfqfdf b] lvg] sf/x?
cfhef] ln lbgfg'lbg a9\b}u/ ]sf] b] lvG5 .
dflg;x?sf] cfo;|f]t a9g', b'O{rSs] ;jf/ L ;fwgaf6 b'3{6gf a9\g'n]g} sf/k|lt pkef]Qmfx?sf]?rL a9]sf] atfpg'x'G5 :ju{åf/ L c6f]sf ;~rfns ;+sNk >] i7 . xfn bfª lhNnfdf ;/b/ dfl;s bzj6f laleGg a|f08sf sf/x? laqmL x'g] u/ ]sf]/ fKtL c~rn c6f]df]afON; l8n;{ Pzf] l;ozgsf dxf;lrj;d]t /xg' ePsf / fKtL c~rnel/ ;'h'sL sf/laqmL ub} { cfpg'ePsf >] i7 atfpg'x'G5 .
s]xL jif{ klxn];Dd dfl;s Ps b'O{j6f sf/ dfq laqmL x'g] bfªdf clxn] o;/L x\jfQ} sf/sf] laqmL a9\g'df u|fxsn] plrt d"Nodf sf/ r9\g ;Sg] cj:yf
cfPsfn] ubf{ g} xf] eGg'x'G5 / fKtL c~rnsf nflu kmf]8{ uf8Lsf laqm]tf c6f] df6{sf ;~rfns ljkLg >] i7 .
u|fxssf] dfucg';f// cfo;|f]tnfO{ lx;fa u/ ] /rf}w nfvb] lv dflysf uf8Lx? bfªdf pknAw u/fp“b} cfPsf] >] i7n]atfpg'eof] . sf/ r9\g]/x/ ePsf t/ Psd'i6 /sd
lt/ ] / sf/ lsGg g;Sg]x?sf nflu ls:tfaGbLdf ;d]t uf8Lx? laqmL x'g] u/ ]sf]pxf“sf] egfO 5 .
…cfo;|f]t / fd|f] ePsf Aofkf/ L tyf pBf]uLx?sf nflu a} +sx?sf] l;kmfl/;df dfl;s ls:tf aGbLdf xfdLn]u|fxssf] sf/ r9\g] /x/k"/ f ub} { cfPsf 5f} +Ú– c6f]df6{sf ;~rfns ljkLg >] i7n] atfpg'eof] .
s]xL jif{ klxn];Dd pBf]uL, Aofkf/ Lnufot pRr cf]xf] bfdf ;/sf/ L hflu/ug] {x?sf] dfq x} l;otdf /xg] sf/ clxn] a} +s clg kmfOgfG;sf] shf{ ;'ljwfs}sf/0f x/ ]ssf] sf/ r9\g];kgf ;fsf/ x'g] u/ ]sf]pxf“sf] egfO 5 . lhNnfdf kmf]8{, ;'h'sLsf ;fy}x'08fOsf sf/x? laqmL x'g]u/ ]sf 5g\ .
bfªdf sf/sf] laqmL a9\of]3f]/fxL, !$ k'; -o';_–
g]kfnL sf+u|]; If]q g+= # sf]a}7sn] ljleGg lg0f{ox? u/]sf]5 . If]qLo cWoIf e'kaxfb'/8f“uLsf] ;efkltTjdf a;]sf]a}7sn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] gof“ ;b:otf kmf/fd cfufdL !^ ut]leq a'emfO;Sg'kg] { lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L a}7sn] g]kfn dlxnf ;+3sf] clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt cWoIfnufot sfo{;ldltsf kbflwsf/L, If]q, gu/, j8f tyf dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwdf lgjf{lrt ;a}df
awfO 1fkg u/]sf] ;lrj eut l;+x e08f/Låf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . o;}u/L a}7sn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; If]q g+= ! sf ;lrj 7fs'/k|;fb kf08]/ ;lqmo ;b:o g/axfb'/a'9fyf]sLsf] lgwgk|lt b'Mv JoQm u/]sf] 5 . o:t} g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;lqmo ;b:o s];/f kf]v|]nsL ;f;'sf] lgwg tyf g]kfn lZfIfs ;+3sf ;fwf/0f ;b:o lzjk|;fb zdf{sf] lgwgk|lt klg a}7sn]b'Mv JoQm u/]sf] If]qLo ;lrj e08f/Låf/f a}7skl5 hf/L lj1lKtdf pNN]fv 5 .
q hLjg g]kfn
sfe|] -bfª_, !$ k'; . bfªsf] sfe|] uflj;sf] !( cf} + ufp“kl/ifbaf6 cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷&# sf nflu s'n $& nfv ^! xhf/?k}of“sf] ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 .
uflj;sf] sfof{no sfe|] sld/]rf}/df ;f]djf/;DkGg kl/ifbaf6 !( nfv $$ xhf/ k"“hLut cg'bfg, @! Nffv !@ xhf/ k"“hLut cfGtl/s, rf/ nfv %# xhf/ ;~rfng cg'bfg, b'O{ nfv %@ xhf/ ;~rfng cfGtl/s u/L ;f] ah]6 lalgof]hg ul/Psf] xf] .
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6x/fleq /ftel/ ;'Tg g;Sg]af9L kLl8tx? 3fd nfu]sf] lbg lbp“;f]lgGb|f k'¥ofpg] u/]sf] :yfgLo r'lnof yf?n] atfpg'eof] . …lgGb|f gk'u]sfn] klg la/fdL x'g]sf] ;+Vof a9]sf] 5Ú– r'lnofn]yKg'eof] .
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b] pv'/ L, !$ k'; . …b] pv'/ Ls]ndxLd] dxf]T;j rn6f=== ;vL x]xf] ===Ú– b] pv'/ L pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf sfof{no ;lrj e] if/ fh e§/ fO{sf]df] afOndf / flvPsf] l/ ª Aofs 6f] gdf ah] sf] uLtsf] c+z xf] . k'; @% b] lv df3 % ut] ;Dd ;~rfng x'g yfn] sf]b] pv'/ L s[lif, ko{6g tyf cf} Bf] ] lus dxf] T;jsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ df gof“ z} nL ckgfOPsf] 5 . dxf] T;jsf] / f} gsn]b] pv'/ L tfTg yfn] sf] 5 . efn'jfªdf dxf] T;j rln/ x] sf] 5 eg] ndxLdf dxf] T;j nufpg] tof/ L tLa| ?kdf rln/ x] sf] 5 .
yf? / g] kfnL efiffsf b'O{j6f 5f] 6f ;Gb] zdfkm{t k|rf/ k|;f/yflnPsf] 5 . …dxf] T;jdf pT;fx yKg / k|rf/ k|;f/sf] gof“ z} nL l;cf/ lj6L ckgfOPsf] xf]Ú– dxf] T;j d"n cfof] hs ;ldltsf ;+of] hs Pj+ b] pv'/ L pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf zf] efs/ l3ld/ ]n]eGg'eof] – …dxf] T;jnfO{ pT;jsf] ?kdf ;a} n] lng'k5{, dxf] T;jn] b] pv'/ Lsf]klxrfg s] Gb|: t/ ;Dd k'¥ofpg d2t k'U5 .Ú
Pgl6;Ldf yf? efiffsf] l/ ª Aofs 6f] gsf nflu )!^))#@(&^ / g] kfnL efiffsf] nflu )!^))#@(&% c+s k|of] u ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf ;fy} Pg;] ndf yf? efiffsf nflu ^)%#(&(* / g] kfnL efiffsf nflu ̂ )%#(&(& c+s k|of] u ug{ ;lsg] jfl0fHo ;+3sf sfof{no ;lrj e] if/ fh e§/ fO{n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .
dxf] T;jsf] ldlt glhlsb} hf“bf tof/ Ln] tLa|tf kfPsf] 5 . : jfut u] 6b] lv dxf] T;j:yndf : 6n lgdf{0fsf]sfd eO/ x] sf] 5 . ;lrjfno klg yf? ;d'bfosf] ;+: s[ltcg';f/ 3/ agfOPsf]5 . bz{sx?sf] ;'ljwfsf nflu dlxnf / k'?ifsf nflu 5'§f5'§} lb;flk;fj ug{ ldNg] zf} rfno, vfg]kfgLsf nflu wf/ f / ljleGg : yfgdf 6\of+sL dfkm{t vfg] kfgL pknAw u/ fOg] 5 .
af“; k|of] u u/ L v/sf] 5fgf]ePsf] 3/ jgfOPsf] 5 . ;lrjfnoleq b] pv'/ Lsf] snf ;+:s[lt emlNsg] df} lns ;fdu|L klg / flvg] 5 . dxf] T;j:ynsf]z'?df ;lrjfno / flvPsf] 5 . To;kl5 leq k|j] z u/ ] kl5 bz{sx?n] s[lif, ko{6g, : yfgLo snf ;+:s[lt emlNsg]k|: t'ltx? cjnf] sg ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 .
s'v'/ fsf] vf] / , df5f kf] v/ L, s[lif pTkfbgsf ;fdu|Lx?sf] k|bz{gL, / fKtL c~rnleqsf d7 dlGb/ , snf ;+: s[lt emlNsg] kmf] 6f] k|bz{gL / flvg] dxf] T;j d"n cfof] hs ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . …dxf] T;jdf : yfgLo snf ;+: s[ltsf s'/ fx? a9L / fVg] / pknlAwd"ns agfpg] of] hgfcGt{ut sfd eO/ x] sf]5Ú– jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf l3ld/ ] n]eGg'eof] – …b] pv'/ Lsf] ljsf;sf nflu dxf] T;j ;~rfng ug{ yfn] sf xf} +, To;} n] o;df ;xefuL x'g ;a} nfO{ cfx\jfg u5{' .Ú
ndxL ahf/df l;6Lxn lgdf{0f ug{, l;l; Sofd/ f h8fg ug{ / z} lIfs ljsf; sf] if : yfkgfsf nflu dxf] T;j
cfof] hgf ug{ yflnPsf] xf] . dxf] T;jdf tLg nfv bz{sn] cjnf] sg ug{] , bz s/ f] 8 ?k} of“sf] sf/ f] jf/ x'g] / %) nfv ?k} of“ cfDbfgLsf] nIo / flvPsf]5 .
j8f e]nfdf pkl:yltsf] nflu cg'/f]wo'jf ;~hfn ndxL gu/kflnsfsf] j8f
e]nf tkl;nsf] ldlt / :yfgdf x'g uO/x]sf]n] ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ pkl:yltsf] nflu cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
gf]6 M ;a} j8f e]nf ljxfg !! ah] x'g] s'/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
j8f g++= ldlt :yfg^ @)&!.(.!^ gf/fo0fk'/ k|ltIffno& @)&!.(.!& hgHof]lt lg=df=lj= 3'dgf( @)&!.(.!* b'db'df k|f=lj= v}/L* @)&!.(.!( l;;f}+3f/L r}nfxL!) @)&!.(.@) cfbz{ p=df=lj= b]pk'/!! @)&!.(.@! ;fj{hlgs au}rf ndxL
o'jf ;~hfn ndxL b]pv'/L, bfª
bfª lhNnfJofkL uhn tyf syf k|ltof]lutfsf] ;do kl/jt{g af/]sf] ;"rgf †
lqmol6ª kf]l;lalnl6h g]kfnn] @)&! kf}if @% ut] ug] { elgPsf] bfª lhNnfAofkL uhn tyf syf k|ltof]uLtfdf k|ltof]uLx?sf] ;xeflutf sd ePsf sf/0f o; k|ltof]uLtfnfO{ kmfu'g dlxgfdf ul/g] ePsf]n] OR5's dlxnf tyf k'?if ;flxTosf/jf n]vsn] lgDg s'/fx?nfO{ Wofg lbO{ lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ /fVg' x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
!= sIff * b]lv sIff !@ ;Dd cWog/t 5fqf tyf 5fqx?n] dfq uhn lawfdf efu lng kfpg] 5g .
@= syf lawfdf efu lng] O{R5's dlxnf tyf k'?if ;flxTosf/ jf n]vsn] cfˆgf] syfdf gf/L ;dj]bgfnfO{ k|yfldstf lbg'kg]{5 .
#= dlxnf tyf k'?if ;flxTosf/ jf n]vsn] cfˆgf] /rgfnfO{ 6fOk u/L ;Dks{ gDa/;lxt [email protected]/[email protected] df df3 dlxgfsf] @) ut] leqdf k7fpg'kg]{ 5 . sfo{qmd x'g] ldlt tyf :yfgsf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;xefuLx?nfO{ kmf]gaf6 ;Dks{ ul/g]5 .
;Dks{ 7]ufgf Mlqmol6ª kf]l;lalnl6h g]kfnafFsL, u+ufk/:k'/, bfªkmf]g g++= M (*%!!@!%!!, (*$$(#%!(*, (*$$(@$$!*
…rnlrq eLdbQ Oltxf;k|ltsf] ;DdfgÚ
b]pv'/Ls] ndxLd] dxf]T;j rn6f===
nu cg ug'{xf];\www.nayayougbodh.com
/fKtL ko{6g k|j4{g ;ldlt u7g
3f]/fxL, !$ k'; -o';_– /fKtL c~rnsf] ko{6g If]qsf] k|j4{gsf nflu /fKtL c~rn ko{6g k|j4{g ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 .
bfªsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L k'ik/fh zfxLsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t ;ldltdf /fKtLsf cGo lhNnfsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L, /fKtL c~rnsf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v, kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf / lhNnf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIfx? ;b:o 5g\ .
;ldltdf kf“r lhNnfsf Ps–Pshgf ko{6gljb\nfO{ ;b:odf dgf]gLt ul/g] 5 . dgf]gLtaf6 Pshgf ;b:o ;lrj rog ul/g] 5 .
To;}u/L kf“r lhNnfsf ;ef;bnfO{ ;ldltsf] ;Nnfxsf/df /flvg] ePsf]5 . :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L zfxLsf]cWoIftfdf a;]sf] klxnf] a}7sn];ldlt u7g / sfo{ljlw kfl/t u/]sf]xf] . a}7sn] em08} kf“r nfv a/fa/sf]ah]6 kfl/t ub} { o;jif{ /fKtLsf] ko{6s k|j4{gfTds sfd ug{ k|rf/fTds ;fdu|L k|sfzg ug] { / bfª lhNnfdf ;lrjfno / ko{6g ;"rgfs]Gb| Jojl:yt ug] { lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .