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U.S.G.P.OUnited States Government Printing Office

F. R. U.S Foreign Relation of United State

- 0 0 . - 1936 1956 0 . . - 0 1936 . 1967 "" . 1936 1917 1918 1920 1922 1929 1930 . 1936 . 1936- 1939 1936 1937 1938 1939 1939 . (1939-1948) ( 1939-1945) 1939 1942 1946 29 1947 . ( 1948-1967) "" 1948 ( 1953- 1964) 1955 1956 ( 1946-1967) 1967 "" . . . Forign Relation of United State,Diplomatic Papers)) 0 . . ( ) . ( 1964-1967) .

( 1918-1939) 0 (1967-1974) . ( ) ) 0 . ( ) ( ) . ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) . ( ) . 0 . ( ) ( 1945) . . ( ) ( ) . ( 1934-1974) . ( 1964-1967) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) . ( ) . (H.Sit,Philiby) (Arabian Jubilee) (Attitudes of United State congressmen toward Aid to the Palestiniane) (Janice J.Terry) . .

( ) ( 1941-1947) ( ) ( 1956-1973) 0 ( ) ( ) . ( ) www.marefa.org) ) ((www.ar.wikipedia.org0 . . . : - 1917. 1918 : (1). (2)(Balfour Decleration )1917 (3). (1) 1967 535.

(2) ( Gamis A-Balfour) (ROTCHILD) 2 1917 . : ) 1915-1946) ).( ) 24(87-88.

(3) ).( ). ( 197017. (1) . 1914 (2) (chaim wiezman) .

(1) (Hoveveizion) 1882 . . (Theoder Herzel) ( ) 1897 . . : (0) 1974 : 1973 70-72. (2) : 1874 1904 . ( ) 1948. : (1789-1945)2 1992 385. . (1) . (2) . (3) (1) ( .) 19 5 1967219. (2) : . : ( ) 5 1978444. (3) 1880 1890 1902 1932 (1932-1953) . : ( 1918-1932) 1988 : 1 = (1). (2) 1915 (3) . . 0 0

= 193451-74 3 01977 (1) - 1920-1931 ( ) 1975 46 0 (2) 1968 29 0 (3) . : 332-331. . . ( )(1) . ( )(2) (Sykes-picot) 1916. 1916 . 0 (1) ( sir H. Mcmahon ) 14 1915 10 1916. : (2-4) 7-10.(2) 16 1916 (sir Mark sykes) (Georgpicot) ( ) 14 1916 ( ) . : (23) 84-86. (1). (2) (3).

(sir.Perecy.cox) 1915 ( ) 0 (1) 164-170 0(2) 1 1 1970302. (3) 1945 1 1980 37-38 0 (1) .

( ) :(( ))(2) . . (1) ( ) ( ). ( ) . : (.) 159. (2) : 160 0

1936. . ( ) " " (1) . . 1917(2). 0 0(1) 1 158-159 . (2) ( 1941-1947) 1989 13 0 (1) (Woodraw-W.Wilson) 1912 1870(2). (3) . 0 0 (1) 28 1856 1879 (1902-1910) (1910- 1912) 1912 (1917-1921 ) ( 3 1924) ( ) 0 :-The ncyclopedia Americana , vol. 29 , p. 363-368 .(2) Agar, Herbert, the United States the presidents,the parties and the constitution,London, 1950,p.663.

(3) , () ,1971, 44. (1) . (2) ( Louis Prands ) ( ) (House Coloned Edward) (3) . (1) . :-Manuel ,Frank, E, the realities of American-Palestine relations, Green wood press,U.S.A ,1975,p.42 . (2) 1916 " " : -Learsi ,Rufus,Israel;Ahistory of the Jewish people,U.S .A ,1949. p.629 . (3) 44. (1) . 1917 6 1917 (2). . (James Malcolm) (2) . . (1) 1985 48 . (2) Weisgal,Meryerw,the letters and papers of haim Weizman ,vol,vll,series A.august 1914- November 1917 ,London,Oxford University press,p.530. (3) 2 1973 98 . (1). (( ))(2). 6 1917 (3). 4 1917 (4) 13 1917 (Robert Cecil) (1) : ( ) 1 1964 18 0 (2) : 98. (3) 17.

(4) (1897-1947) 1 (.) 38-39 (1). (2) 1917 27 1917 (( ))(3). 13 1917 : (( ))(4)0 0 0 (1) 1 1986 13 .

(2) Weisgal, Op.cit.,p.530.

(3) : (1917-1923) 2000 13.

Quoted in: Manuel,Op.cit.,p .198. (4) (1) . (2) (Robert.Lansing) : () (3) . . .

. 0 .(1) 24 87.(2) Manuel,Op.cit., p. 172. (3) Palestine,astudy of jewish-Arab and British policies,Esco,foundation ,new haven,yale university press ,1947, p. 243-244. (1) (Allenby) 9 1917 . 1920(2). . 1918 (3) .(1) (1861-1936) (1884-1885) 1888 (1899-1902) 1917 . : 1 1990 34. (2) 1962 68 535.(3) (1917-1920) : (1917-1920) (95) 1979 26-27. .

1917-1920 . . . : 1919-1928. 13 1919 (1). 1919 ( ) 8 1918(2) . Howard.Bliss)) (3) . 0(1) 291.(2) Manuel,op.cit.,p.216. (3) 124. (1) . (2)(Henery king) (3) (Chares Crane) (-) (4) . 1919. (1) 1897-1948 1967 126. (2) :(1885-1925) . : 62. (3) ( 1887-1936) . : 62 .(4) (Albert Lyber) (George Montogomery) (William Bale) , Moore) (Lawrance (Captain Wilson) . : (1914-1921) 2000234. (1) . 20 1919 (2). (3) . (4) . 28 1919 (5). . .

0 (1) 1991 22. (2) 1 1983 41. (3) 1 1946 65-66.

(4) Manuel,op.cit.,p.248. (5) Ibid .,P.252 (1). 1920(2) . . (3) (4). 1922 ( ) (5). 0 0 000(1) 24.

(2) 406.(3) Baily ,Thomas A ,adiplomatic history of the American people ,editions ,Newyork,Appleton centry-croft .p.670.(4) Ward,Harriet, world powers in the twentieth century ,ist ,published ,London ,1979.p.44.

(5) Baily,op.cit.,pp. 670-671 . 24 1922(1). 21 1922 (2) Warren Harding)) (1921-1923) (3) 0 - 1924 (4) . (1) 1973 367. (2) 1865 1899 1920 0 2 1923 0 :-The encyclopeadia Americana ,vol.13 .p.789 . (3) Fink, Reuben, American and Palestine, Newyork Herald square press,1944.p.41 . (4) 1 199681 . . ( ) (1). (2) . () (1) Freidrich Carl j, American-policy toward Palestine, U.S.A, 1971,p.21-22. (2) Cohen, Michal .J, Palestine :retreat from the Mandate ,the Making of British policy - 1936-1945,Newyork,1978.p.85. (1). (2) (3). 1925 8 1926 ( ) (4) ( ) (5) . 0

0(1) ( ) 1974104. (2) 68 . (3) 1923-1978 1978 34. (4) 1965 55-60 . (5) 39 - 1984 99 . . (1) : )( ))(2) 0 1915 . (3). 20 1927 .

(1) : 1899 1916 1923 1967. : 1 367 .

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0

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(1) (1915-1953) 1986 134 .(2) :(1871-1935) ( ) 1921 1926 . : 1975. (3) 295. 0 (1)0 (2). 1929- 1935 ( ) . . 1917- 1935

(1) - 1936-1939 1998161

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(1) 42 .(2) 180 . : 1936 . 1935 1936 (1) . 1919 1920 1925 . (2)0 (Legislative Council) 0 . 0

(1) 0 299-300 177 0(2) 1958 234 235. . (1) 0 (2) 20 1936 (3) .

25 1936 (4). (5). .

(1) : 1934 1974 1 1975 31-32 .

(2) ( ) 19181936 1979 32 300. (3) 181.(4) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : (1948-1982) 1972 91 182.(5) 585.

1936 . 28 1936 (1) .

29 1936 (Sir.A.Ryan) . (2) . 1936 (3) 0 0

0(1) (1918 1936) 1983 175. (2) 176 194200 0

(3) 193119411 1983 135 594. (1) 0 1936 0 (2).

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(1) (1882-1951) . 1920 1921 11 1921 . : (19211957) 1973 35 0 (1) 130.

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20 1936 . (Ormsby Gore) (3). 0

= 1936 . : 1 1974 387 0(1) 3 1073.(2) 1074 0(3) 0 0 0 0 998 / 311 1936 (30) 54 55 0 (1) . 1936 ( John .J. Dill) (2) (3) . . (1) 0 0 0 : 154 .(2) The Consul at Jerusalem (Wadsworth) to the Secretary of State ,Jerusalem, September 7,1936, Foreign Relation of United State, Diplomatic Papers, 1936,.vol.111.Washington,U,S,G,P,O, 1953, p . 449 . (F.R.O.U.S)(3) (The peel commission) (peel) (Sir Horace Rombo) (Sir,Lucas,Hammond) = (1) .

28 1936 : (( )) (2) . (3) . 0

(Sir W Morris Cartter)= . ( Sir R. Coupland) (Martin.J) 1936 . : (.) 84 .(1) 1936-1948 2 1 1975 78 .

(2) : 1917 1948 3 1975 129.

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(( (1) 332.(2) 0 0 0 0 998 / 311 1936 (26 ) 147 .

(3) 460 19. )) (1) . (2) . 1936 (3) (Franklen Roosevelt) 18 1936 (Stephen Samuel Wise) (1) : 1917-1939 2000 61 0 (2) Robert Johnand Sami Hadawi , Palestine Diary Vol , 1, (1914 1945) Newyork, 1970, p.246.(3) 30 1882 1910 1928 1933 12 1945. :

The Encyclopedia Americana international vol ,23 ,U . S. A,1978. p . 676 . (1) . (2) . (Brewster Morrs) (3) . 1936 (4). 17 1936 . 0

(1) 45 .(2) The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the United Kingdom (Bingham) Washington , May 28, 1936 , F. R. U. S ,OP.Cit,1936, vol . III, . p . 443 .

(3) 46 .(4) The Gonsul General at Jerusalem (Morris) to the Secretary of State Jerusalem, May 18,1936 , F. R. U. S , OP.Cit,1936, vol . III, p. 442 .

(1) . 1936 (Roxas,Copland) (Warren.R.Austin) (Daniel,Hasting) (2) ( Don Levine ) . . . (3) (Cordell Hull) 22 .

(1) The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the United State (Bingham)1936, Ibid.,p.446.

(2) The Consul at Jerusalem (Wadsworth) to the Secretary of State Jerusalem , August 22,1936, Ibid .,p.446.0 (3) 2 1871 1891 (1931 1933) (1936-1944) . 1945 23 1955 :-The Encyclopedia Americana international , vol . 14 , p . 543 ( ) (1) . . (2) . 1936 6 1936 8 1850 , (3) . 1936 (4) .(1) The Consul at Jerusalem (Wadsworth) to the Secretary of State Jerusalem , 1936, F. R. U. S. OP.Cit , 1936 , vol . III . p . 447 . (2) Freidrich , Carl . J , op . cit ., p . 21 _ 22 .

(3) The Ambassador in the United Kingdom (Bingham) to the Secretary of State , November 6, 1936 .F. R. U. S. , OP.Cit , 1936 , vol . III . p . 453 .(4) The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the United (Bingham)1936, F. R. U. S. , OP.Cit , 1936 , vol . III . p . 446 . 18 1936 . : (( )) (1) . . 1936 (2).

5 1936 . (3) . 0 (1) 49 .

(2) 62. (3) 131 604 . (1) . 9 1936 : (( ...)) (2) . . (3) . 11 1936 . (4) .

(1) 1 1982 143.(2) : 1980 409 461 .(3) 112 .

(4) 156 . (1) . (2) . 1936 (3) . 1 1937 . 6 1937 (4) . .

(1) 19221937 2 1973 153 610

(2) . : 3 1076 .(3) 153 .(4) () 819 1937 465. : 1937 1938 .

12 1937 ( ) (1) . (57) . (2) .

7 1937 (3) . 1936. 0

0

0

(1) 1966 173 162 . (2) 17 1937 . : 621 .

(3) 332 .

(1) . ( ) . 7 1937 (2) . 1933 . (James.Mofett) (Behrain oil company limited) (Stander.Oil company of califorinia) 12 1937 -

.

(1) : 1973 386 229 - 278 .

(2) - 1936-1947 (1) 2004 64 0 (1) . 1937 (2) .

13 1937 : (( )) (3) .

(4) .

1937 (5) . 8 1937 (1) Memorandum by the chief of the division of near Eastern Affairs (Murray) Washington July 12, 1937, F. R. U. S , Diplomatiic papers 1937 , vol . 11, (Washington U. S . G . P . O , 1954) , p 893.(2) : 1989 42-43 ( ) (19181939) 2 1988 601 .

(3) .. .. , 999/311 378/24 24 1937 (12) 58.(4) 146 . (5) 254 .

(1) .

1937 (2) .

(3) .

1937 . 1936 . (4). . (1) 334 335 .

(2) 149 166-167. (3) 1243 18 1937 .

(4) 1083 1086 . (1) 0 (2) .

. . 1937 (3) 1927 . 1937 (1) 1086 0(2) () 1026 9 1937 .(3) () 1045 3 1937 . . (1) .

(Sir Reder Bullared) 15 1937 (2)0 . , (3) . 4 1938 (4) . (woohead) (John wood heod ) (5) .(1) 197495.

(2) 146.(3) 385 .

(4) (1922 1939) (.) , 1974 338 . (5) (Sir Alison Russel) PercivalWater Field )) (Thomas Reid ) . : 51 .

4 1938 (1) .

15 (2) .

( ) 27 1938 (3) . , 11 1938 (4) . ( )

(1) 3 1079 .(2) 1086 1088 .(3) (.) 1991 98 100 . (4) . . . . 1003 /311 /18808 /2551/13 13 1938 62 63 71 72 .

. (1) 29 1938 (2) . 0 (Sumner Welles) 9 1938 (3) .

.

(1) 154 157 .(2) The King of Saudi Arabia (Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud) to president Roosevelt, 1938, F. R. U. S. Diplomatic papers, 1938 , vol . 11 , (Washington , U . S. G .P . O , 1955) . p . 994 .(3) 65 0 .

9 1939 1924 . (1) .(1) 0 0 1936 . (2) Draft Letter From President Roosevelt to the King of Saudi Arabia (Abdul Aziz, ibn Saud), 1939, F. R. U.S. . Diplomatic papers, 1939 , vol . IV , (Washington, U . S. G .P . O , 1955)1939, vol , IV. op . cit . , ., p . 696 . .

. 1938 . : 1939. (1) .

. 17 1939 (2). : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (3) .

(1) . . . . 1003 / 311 13 1938 62 63 71 72 . (2) 337 . (3) . . . . 1004 / 311 1 1939 (10) 16 : (1939 ) (5-6) 1993 90-91 . 7 1939 Chamberlain) Neville) 17 . (1) . . (2) . .

(3) .

.

(1) ( ) 1947 1950 1974 279 284

(2) Memorandum of Conversation, by Mr. J. Rives Childs of the Divisionof Near Eastern Affairs Washington, January 10 , 1939, F . R .U.S.1939. vol . Iv. op . cit ., p . 699 . 1 1987 168 .

(3) : 69 .

(1) . . : (( ... ))(2) .

.

(3) . (1) : 1947 1950 279 284 .

(2) 1964-1975 1996 141 () 742 25 1939

(3) 454 .

(1) .

10 1939 (2) .

17 1939 (75) . (3) .

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(1) 338 .(2) 54 .

(3) Cohen, Michael J , op . cit . , p . 85 . (4) . . . . 4874 / 311 1939, , (17) 19.(5) 754 7 / 27 1939 .

.

(1) .

. : (( 75 )) (2) . (3) .

(1) 340 .

(2) Memorandum by President Roosevelt to the Secretary of United State (Washington) May 17,1939, F . R .U.S,1939. vol . Iv. op . cit ., p .757 .(3) Memorandum by Mr. John F. Stone of the Office of the Secretary of State (Washington) May 22, 1939, F . R .U. S,1939, op . cit , vol . Iv ., p . 763 (1) 1939 (2) .

. 1939 (Bert Fish) (3) 0 0 0 (4)

(1) 1939- 1945 1995 27 0(2) (W . J . lenhan) 31 1939 (80 ) (440) ( ) : ( 1928 1939 ) 1982 31-32 .(3) 1 1931 . : 6 .

(4) 7 . . (1) . 1939 ( ) 30 (2) .

(3). (4) . 0 0

0

(1) 35-36 .

(2) 4 1940 : 7 1974 2 36.

(3) Wilson, Evan : decision on Palestine how the U.S.came to recognize Israel,U.S.A.,1979,p.24.

(4) 262 .

. (1) . ( ) : (( )) (2) .

. ( ) .

(1) 535 557 .

(2) (1936 1948 ) 2002 13 .

. .

1939 1945 . 1 1939 (1) (John Philiby) (2) : 1- 02- 0

3- 0 4- 0 (1) 1914 . 1917 (W.H.I.Shakespear) . 1922 . ( ) . : 284 .

(2) (1942 1947 ) 1967 122 . (1). (2) .

. . (3) . : (( 0

(1) Philiby,H,ST,Arabian Jubilee,Great Britain,1952,P.213.(2) - 19391947 1972 112 .

(3) Chaim Weizmann , Trial and Error, London , 1949 , p 526 0 )) (1). . , .

1940 (2) 0 .(3) 0 . (4) . (5). ( w.murry) (1) 3 135136 .(2) Philiphy, ,Op.cit, p, 214 .(3) 472 .(4) 188 .(5) 3 1137 . . (( )) . ( ) 29 1938 (1) . 1939- 1945 0 - (2) .

9 1941 (3) . (1) Memorandum "by the Adviser on Political Relations (Murray} to the Under Secretary of State (Welles) (Washington) December 17,1942. F. R. U.S, diplomatic papers , 1942 , vol . Iv . Washington . U . S. G .P . O , 1963 . p . 714 .

(2) 11 .

(3) () 1963 376 .

(1( .

(Kirk Alexender) 1941 (2) .

1941 10 1942 (3) 28 1942 ( ) (4) .

.

(1) 1978 37 .

(2) 13 .

(3) . . 1 1979 17 18 .

(4) 36 . . . (1) .

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(( )) (1) .

.(2) (3).

1941 (4) . (1) : 16 0(2) 1945 1982 1 1989 47 48 .

(3) 49(4) 46 . . . 1942 . (1). 11 1942 ( (Biltmore program (2) .1: .

2: .

3: 1939 (3) . 31 1942 (1) 560 .(2) Mshel .J , The United State and Palestine studies , Beirut , 1972 , p. 16-17 ; Elizabith Monroe British moment in the middle East ( 1914- 1956 ) London , 1963. p . 191, 164 .

(3) 1939 1948 1 ( . ) 72 .

(1) 2 (2). . .

(3) . 1943 )(Edward R. Stettinius) ) (4) . ..(1) 73.

(2) 560 561 . (3) 186 187 .(4) 1941 :- President Roosevelt to the Lend-Lease Administrator (Stettmills') Washington ., February 18. 1943. F. R. U. S. Diplomatic papers , 1943 , vol .Iv. Washington . U. S . G. O. P . 1964 . p .859. . 18 1943 (1) .

21 1943 (life)(2) (3) .

. . 1943 (4) (1) President Roosevelt to the Lend-Lease Administrator (Stettmills') Washington., February 18. 1943. F. R. U. S.1943, vol , IV. Op. cit . , p 859 .

(2) 1 1994 137.(3) 147 148 .(4) 66 .

. )1) . 30 1943 (2) (3) . . . (4) . 1943 ( ) (1) The Minister in Egypt (Kirk) to the Secretary of State (Cairo) April 17,1943 ,F. R.U.S, 1943, vol, Iv, op . cit.., p 768-769 .(2) 1971 133 134

(3) The Charge in Saudi Arabia (Shullaw) to the Secretary of State (Jidda) May6, 1943, F . R .U. S, 1943, vol . Iv, op. cit. p 780 781 .

61 .

(4) 3 1121 1124 .

. (1) .

- 1943 (2). 19 1943 (3) .

. 1943 Horold Hoskinns) ) (4) . (1) 61 .

(2) The Secretary of United State to the Minister in Egypt (Kirk), (Washington) May 3, 1943, F. R .U.S.1943, vol, Iv. op . cit., p . 832 .

(3) The Charge in Saudi Arabia (Moose) to the Secretary of State,(Jidda) , May 19,1943, F. R .U.S.1943, vol, Iv. op . cit., p . 832(4) 188 .

(1). ( ) . . . .

() (2) (3) .

1939 1943 .

1943 - (1) Memorandum of Conversation, by Lieutenant Colonel Harold B. Hoskins Washington, September 27,1943,F .R .U.S.1943, vol . Iv. op . cit, p 811-813 .(2) 117 .(3) David Holden and Richard Johns,The House of saud, London,1980,p.134. . (1) .

: (( )) (2).

1944 . (3( . 30 .(1) ( 1964 1975) 0 : (1941 1947) 1980 159 1943 34 1984 76 .

(2) Cordell Hull , the memoirs of Cordell Hull , Vol .111, Newyork,1948.p.1513.(3) 561 0 (wiliam-Eddy). . (1) .

20 1944 () . 24 (2) .

(3) . 0 0

0

.

(1) 3 1145 .

(2) 561.(3) The Secretary of the Navy (Forrestal) to Secretary of State, Washington , December 11,1944 , F. R. U. S. Diplomatic papers, 1944 , the Near East South Asia, and Africa, the Far East Vol. V, Washington, 1965, p.756-757. 1944 (1). 17 1944 . . 23 The Export-Import Bank of the United States)) . (2) . . . : . (3) (1) (0) 250 .(2) The Secretary of United State to the Minster in Saudia Arabia (Moose) ,Washington, July 12,1944 , F. R. U. S ,1944 , Vol, V, Op.,Cit, P717 . (3) 38.

( ) (1) 14 1945 . . (2). (3) .

. .(1) 411 1945 1947 : 1985 31 . (2) Memorandum of Conversation Between the King of Saudi Arabia (Abdul Aziz Al Saud) and President Roosevelt, February 14,1945, Aboard the U.S.S. Quincy F. R. U. S. Diplomatic papers , 1945 , vol . VIII. Washington. U. S . G. O. P . 1969 . p .2 . ; Holden and Johns,op.cit,p.135-136 .

(3) ( . ) 257 .

(1) . (2) . : (( ))(3) .

0

.

(1) 275 .

(2) Manual, op . cit ., p . 314 . 1 1984 116 (3) Memorandum of Conversation Between the King of Saudi Arabia (Abdul Aziz Al Saud) and President Roosevelt, February 14,1945, Aboard the U.S.S. Quincy F. R. U. S., 1945 , vol . VIII. OP, Cit,. p .2 .

1 1945 : (( )) (1). 1945 . 10 (2) . : (( ( ) )) (3)..(1) : 4 1991 139 2 349 350

(2) 145 146 ,

(3) Quoted in: David Howarth, the desert king , alife of ibn saud , London ., 1964 , p . 2 0 3 .; (42) 346-350. (1) 0 10 1945 (1) . . 16 1945 (wize) (2) . 5 1945 (3). 0(1) 31189-1195 . (2) Memorandum by the Directir of the Offce of Near Eastern and African Affairs (Murray) to the Acting Secretary of State, Washington,March 20,1945, F. R. U. S., 1945 , vol . VIII. OP, Cit,. p694 .

(3) President Roosevelt to the King of Saudi Arabia (Abdul Aziz ibn Saud) Washington,April 5,1945, F. R. U. S., 1945 , vol . VIII. OP, Cit,. p698 . (2)0

(1) . .

12 1945 (2) (Harry S.Trumyn) (3) . .

.(1) 126 0(2) 1884 (1935-1945) 1945 (1948-1952) 1972 :The Encyclopealdia of Americana, vol.27,U.S.A,1980, p.171-177 .(3) 1975 258 159 .

0 6 1945 (1) 0 .

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0(1) 6 1945 1946 18 1951 . : 251 . : - 1946 14 1945 . 1 1945 ( ) (1) ( ) 26 1945 (united nations) (2)0 1945 ( ) ( ) (3) . 1945

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(3) . . . 4680 /311 45 3 1945 107 148 1979 79-115 . (1) . 24 1945 (2) . 23 1945 14 1945 (3) 0 . 31 1945 (Clement Attlee ) 0

(1) 90 .(2) (1937 1995 ) 2001 134 197 . (3) 1102 11 1365 /12 1946 3 1115 1221 .

(1). (Arnest Beven) (2) . 14 1945 , (3) .

1945 (4) .

.(1) President Truman to the British Prime Minister (Attlee) Washington, August 31,1945 , F. R. U. S., 1945 , vol . VIII. OP, Cit,. p737. 1974 75(2) ( 1881 1951 ) 1937 1940 1945 1951 . : 1 110 111 .

(3) Truman , Harry S . years of Trial and Hope 1946 1953 ,U .S . A , p151 . (4) ) Oydlewt) (Ictson) (Max Gardner) (James Mcdonald) (Baznli grams) (John Sincltob) (Richard Crossman) (Creek, Frederick) (Lord Morrison) (Major Manningham-Buller) . : 1936 1948 1983 169 . (1). 4 1946 (2) . 6 1946 (3) .

19 (4) . . (1) 1939-1948 1 1982 67 91 0

(2) 1 1915 1946 390 393 .(3) - 91 .(4) : 4 1251 .

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(( )) (4) . (1) 2 49 (1945 1965) 1998 90 91 .

(2) 92 . : 1. (46 ) 362 - 377 .

(3) . . . . 5061 /311 /53 /13 /47 /64 4 1946 39 91 .(4) 217 219 . (1) .

6 1946 ( ) (2) . 16 1946 (3) . (Deen Achuon) (4) .

24 1946 . .(1) 4 1263 0(2) . . . . 4680 /311 ( ) 11 23 1970 126 .

(3) 1177 11 / 1366 / 22 1947 .

(4) 254 . (1) (2).

.

2829 1946 (3) . .(1) 4 1265 0(2) 1267 . (3) .... 2706/311 (12) 15. (1) .

8- 12 1946 (2). (3) . (4) . (1) 1946 37 1984 69 .

(2) 1995 185 187 179 .(3) 1948 20 21.

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(3) 384 385 .

(4) ( ) . : (1945 1965 ) 1989 28. 1939(1) 30 1946 ( ) :(2) 1- 2 - 3- (3) .

(4)0 2 1946 (5) .

. (1) 1968 43 .(2) (51 ) 456 2 66 67 .(3) ( ) 4 45 0 (4) . . . . 4681 / 311 ( ) ( ) 1946 (76 77 78) 124 127 .(5) 2 69 .

(1) .

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. 6 1946 (Dooy ) (3) . 15 1946 , 0 (1) (1945 1953 ) 1997 48 .(2) Wallid Khalidi , From Haven to Conguest ,Readings in Zionism and the Palestine .problem until 1984 , Beirut , 1971 , p . 325 .(3) . . . . 5062 /311/ 5 /9/117 11 1946 (56).203 . : (3)0 (1) . 28 1946 ( ) (2) . 1 1946 (3) .

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(1) . . . / 4884 / 311 16 1946 52 65 102 . : (4)(2) 53 465 395 396 .

(3) 4 1276 1279(4) 2 (47) 378 . 28 1947 (1) . ( ) (2). . 14 1947 . 17 (3) . 0(1) 1947 1279 .(2) . : 1985 347-349 .- Sir John Bagot Clubb , Britain and the Arab (London 1959) ., p . 319- 320.

(3) 1961 145 1960 812 108 . 1939 23 1947 (1) .

(1) (1945-1956) 1968 37 .: 1947 . 28 1947 106 15 1947 (1) . (unscop)(2) . (3)

17 1947 (4). (1) . . . . /4681/311 1962 154 .

(2) ( ) (United Nations special committion Palestine) : . : 1947 1974 1975 3-4 14949 50 .(3) 97 .(4) The Consul General at Jerusalem (Macatee) to the Secretary of State , Jerusalem, June 23, 1947 , F. R.U. S. diplomatic paper , 1947, The Near East and Africa, vol . v , 1972 , p . 1107 .

31 1947 (1) . (2) . ( ) (3).

9 1947 (4).

10 1947

(1) 43 0

(2) Dan Kurzman , Gensis 1948, the first Arab Israaeil war (New york , 1972) p . 153- 154.

156 .

(3) 2043 21 1947 , 1177 26 1947 .

(4) Miller , Ahron Duvid , Saudi Arabian oil and Americon foreign policy 1939 1949, (Newyork , 1980). P . 187 189. (1).

( Gorge Marshall) (2) . 16 1947 , (3) . (4).

: (( ))(5) .

(1) (.) (.) 53 .

(2) ( . .) 69 .

(3) Memorandum by the Director of the Office of Near Eastern and African Affairs (Henderson) to the Under Secretary of State (Lovett) Washington,September 18, 1947, F . R .U.S. 1947 ,Vol.v, op . cit ., p . 1151 .

(4) Jansen, Michael E, The three basic American decision on Palestine , Beirut , 1971 . p . 18 .

(5) : ( ) 1968 446 . () 16 1947 (1).

(2) . (3) . (4) .

0

0(1) 139 204.

(2) 2 100 101 .(3) . . . . 4877 /311 26 /12 / 1947 24 43 (19471952) 1956 1415 .(4) . : . . . . 4873/311 (24) 46.

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(3) . . . . 4693/ 311 7 1948 (2) (1) 9 (19) 12 .(4) Hurewitz ,J. C, Diplomacy in the Near East and the Middle East. vol . 2 , (Princeton, 1956) p. 281.

1 1964110 170 0 . (1) . 29 1947 181 (2) . (3) .

(1) : (1) (2) (3) . : ( 7- 28) 1947 21 13-14 .(2) Dan kurzman, op . cit ,. P .155 .

4 16 108 .

(3) 394 .

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(1) King Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud to President Truman ,F.R.U.S. 1947 , vol . v, op . cit., p. 1212 1213 .(2) : 15 . : 1972 893 . (1) . 4 1947 (2).

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(2) (500) (2000) 0 . : 207 .(3) 137 .(4) 137 0 15 1948 (1) (2) 5 1948 (3). 15 1948 (4) .

13 1948 15 1948(5) . 13 1948 (1) 3 1986 21 1948 1958 1998 48

-Dankurzman , op . cit ,. P . 155 . ;

(2) 164 264-265.

(3) 175 .

(4) 4 1289 1290 .

(5) 48 . . (1) . .

(1) . . . . 598 /311 13 1948 (33) 71 .: - (()) 19481953 1948 (1) 1947(2) (3) . 0 .(1) 215 51 21 .(2) Richard cottom, The United Stats and Palestine , The Trans formation of Palestine : Essay son the origin and development of the Arab Israeli conflict, Ibrahim Abulaughod , ed. Evanston :Northwestern university press, 1971 . p . 399-400 .

(3) . : ( ) 1958 101 . . . . 4727/311 189 800 .

13 1948 (1) .

1948 (2) (3). (4). 700 (5) . .(1) ( ) 39 1 19649 .

(2) : . . . . 4849 /311 1948 (28) 41 .

(3) . . . . 4851/311 1948 (21) 2627 . (4) ( ) 1959 188 2 166. (5) . : . . . . 4727/311 1948 189800 177. (1) (2) 68 105 (3) .

(4)0 29 1948 (50) (5) (Folke.Bernadotte) (1) 32.(2) 188 .(3) 414 (513) (134) (33) : 89916.(4) 1984 135 136.

(5) 1895 ( ) 20 1948 .- The Encyclopedia of Americana international , vo3 . 3, p 605. (1). (2) . 8 1948 " " " 11 1948 (3) .

. (1) 221 201 .

(2) Eban , Abba , My countery the story of modern Israel , London , 1972 , p. 49 .

(3) . : . . . . 4848/311 1948 (22) 33 .

(1) . (2) . (3) (4) .

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0(2) 293 0(3) 180 181

(4) (19471956) 1996 41 .

(5) 40-41 .

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29 1948 0

0(1) : (1947 1948) 1982 424.

(2) Charles Dugleas Hume , The arab and Israel , London , 1969, p190 .

(1947 1948) 136 .

(3) 203 204 .(4) 46 .

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(3) Shadid Mohamed K.,the United States and the Palestinians, Beirut,1981,p49.

6 1948 (1) .

18 1948 (2) "" . (3).

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(1) 92 .

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(3) 74 . (4) (19451967) 14 1406 1986 439.(40) (1) .

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. 0 0

(1) Terry , Janice J , Attitudi of United States congres man Toward Aid to the Palestinians Arms to Israel , Beirut , 1973, p . 11- 12 .

(2) 439 .

(3) 1947-1972 1 1973 18. (4) 66-67 0 (1) . (Gordon Clapp) 1949 (2) . 21 1949 (3) . (4) . (5) .

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0(1) 1974 62 .(2) Jansen , Michael , The United States and the Palestinian people , Beirut, 1970 . p . 140 .

(3) 1948 78% 75 . : - www.asharqalarabi.org .(4) 143 0 (5) Shadid , op. cit ., p 57 .. . (1) .

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18 1951 . . (4). "" . (1) 1 1967 67 .(2) 107 .(3) 30

(4) The Arab states and the Arab League, Adocument ary record , vol , 11 ,international Affairs, Muhammad khalil , khayats , Beirut, p.677-679 . "" (1) . (2) .

(3) (Dwight Eisenhower) 1953 "" . . 2 1953 0 (1) () ( .) 12 .

(2) ( 1949) . : - James leery , Global politics , third Edition, Boston :Houghton Mifflin company , 1987. p. 58

(3) 1890 (19351940) 1942 (1953- 1961) 1969. : 1 269 270 . (John0Foster.Dalas) (1) . - (2) (3) . 17 1953 . (1) 204 . (2) : 1950 1963 1974 1995 0 : www.kanzalarb.com/vb/t30928.html(3) (11) 1975 1395 38 " " (1) . . "" .

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(2) Burns,E.L,Between Arab and Israel , Beirut , 1960 , p . 125 .

(3) 399 .

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