الآلات الكهربائية الصغيرة
TRANSCRIPT
אאא
אאאא
- 0 -
ئؤرةو
אWא
אאאאאא
א
אאא
אאאא
- 1 -
،א،אאאW،
אאאאאאאאאאא،אאאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאא
אא؛Kאאא א א אא א
،אאאאאאאא،א
،אאא א אא א אאאאאאא
،אאאאאאאאאאא،אא
Kא ?אאאאא??
אא?אאאאאאK
אאאאאא א ،א א אא
،א א א א Kאא
אאא؛אKא
אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 2 -
א
א א ١
٥ אאאW ٧
١ JאאאWאא ٨
א ١٠
٢ Jאאאאאא ١٥
אWאאאאא ١٦
٣ Jאאאאאאאא١٨ א
אא ١٨ א١٩ א
א٢٣ א
٢٤
Wאאאא ٢٨ אאאא ٢٩
אאא ٣٠ אאאאאא ٣٣
אאא ٣٦ אאא ٣٧
אאאא ٤٠ אא ٤٠
אא ٤١
אאא
אאאא
- 3 -
א א ٤٢
Wאאא ٤٤ אא ٤٥
א ٤٧ אאא ٤٥
אאאא ٤٨ אאא ٤٩
אא ٥٢ אאאאא ٥٣
אאאא ٥٤ אאאא ٥٤
٥٥ Wאאאאאאא ٥٨
אאא ٥٩ אא ٥٩
אאאאא ٦١ אא ٦١ אא ٦٣
אא ٦٣ אאא ٦٤
אא ٦٦ ٦٧
אאאאאאW ٦٩
אאא
אאאא
- 4 -
א אאאאא ٧٠
אאאא ٧٠ א ٧٠
א ٧١ אא ٧٢
א ٧٣ אאאאאא ٧٣
אא ٧٣ א ٧٦
אא ٨٠ ٨١
אא ٨٢
אאא
אאאא
- 5 -
א א K א ،א אWK
א אא ، א א א אא א א ،א א
א א א ،א אא א Kאאאאאאאאאא
Kא،אאאאאאא
אאאKאא א א א א א אאאאאא Kאאא
אאK
א א א א א אא א א،א א
Kאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא אא א א Kא א א
א א Kאא א א א،אאאאאאא א א א א K א
א א אא א Kא א א א א Kא א א א א אאאא אאא
Kאא
אאא
אאאא
- 6 -
אא
אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 7 -
אWאא
אאWאאאאK
אאאW
١K אKאא
٢K אKאאא
٣K אKאא
٤K אKא
٥K אKא
٦K א א א א א אא Kא
אאא
אאאא
- 8 -
א (Stepping Motors)
،אא،אא،אאא
א،،אאאאאא
אאאKאאאאאKאאאאאא
אא،אאאאאאאאאאאאא
א،אא،אאא،אאאא،
א،אאא،אא،אאאאא
אאאאאאאאKאאא
Kאאאאא אא،W
١K Wאאאאא
א א אא א، א (Stacks)، ، א
א، א (Phases) ،אא א،אאאאאא،
א אאאא אא (eddy current losses)K(Stack) אא،
אאא
אאאא
- 9 -
א א ،א K אאF١ J١E
אאאאאאK
١ J١אא
אאאF١ J٢Eאאא،אא،
אאא،F،אא
אאKEאאאKאא
אאא
אאאא
- 10 -
א١ J٢אאאK
Wא
א?A?،אאא?A?،א,א
?B?א?A?א،אאאאאא،אא?A?
א?B?،אאאאאא،אאא
?B??אKC?אאאאא،?B?،א?B?
א?C?،אאאאאא،אא?A?
אKאאאA, B, C, A, B…..،EאאFאא،אאאא
A, C, B, A,….אאאאאאאאאKא
אאא،אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 11 -
“Stacks”KאאאאאאאאאK
C B A
C B A
0 0 1 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 0
١א J٢ א אא א
אאK
١א J١א אא א
אאK
Fאאאא١ J٣אEאאאF١ J٤EKאאא
א١ J٣אאאאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 12 -
א١ J٤אאאאאא
אאאאWא
C B A
C B A
0 0 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 1
١א J٤ א אא א
אK
١א J٣א א א
א אK
אאא
אאאא
- 13 -
אאאאאFא١ J٥KE
א١ J٥אאאא
אאאאאאF١ J٦KE
א١ J٦אאאא
VA
VB
VC
Time
Time
Time
ON ON ON
ON ON
ON ON
OFF
OFFOFF
OFF
OFFOFF
OFF
אאא
אאאא
- 14 -
אF١ J٧E،אאאאאאאא،
،אאאא،אאF،א
E،אאאאא،אאאאא،
KF١א J٧Eא،אאAFא،١ J٧Eא،אאB،
Kאאאא،אאאא،אאCF١א J٧EאB،
Kאאאאאאאאאא،אא
אא١ J٢٢ J٢Kאאאאאאא١ J٣١ J٤K
א١ J٧אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 15 -
Wא
אאא“Stacks”NאאPאWאא
١-١ P.N
360
א١ J١אאאF١ J٢E،15،אאאF١ J٧E،30K
٢K אאאאאאW אאאאא
،אאאאאאא،אF١ J٨Eאאא
א،אאא
אאאKאאא
אאאF١ J١FE٤٥אKE
F١ J٨FE١ J٨E
א ١ J٨א
אאא
אאאא
- 16 -
אאאאאאW א'A'،אא
א‘A’،،אאאאאF١ J٨KEא‘A’א‘B’،
א٤٥אEFאא،א'B'،אאאאאאF١ J٨KE
א'A'אא،אאא،،אאאA,B,A-,B-,A,…،
אאF١ J٥KאאאE
١א J٥אאאא٢א J٧٤٥
Kא
B A 0 1
1 0
0 1 J
1 J 0
0 1
F١א J٩אאאE(A&B) אK
א١ J٩אאאא١ J٨
א
אאא
אאאא
- 17 -
אאאאא١א J٦
١א J٦אאא א F ١א J٨ E
22.5 Kא
B A
0 1 1 1 1 0 1 -1 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 -1 1
אF١ J١٠אאאE(A&B) א
Kאאאאא،،אאא،אאאF١ J٥( F١ J٦EKא
א١ J١٠אאאאF١ J
٨Eא
אאא
אאאא
- 18 -
٣K Wאאאאאאאאא
Wאא Hybrid stepper motor
אאאאאא،אF١ J١١E،אא،א
אאאאא،،Kאאא
אאאא،אא،،אאא
،אא،אאאאא،אאKא
אאא،אאאאא،א(A-
A′)،אאאAאאא،אאאA′א،אאאא(B-B′)K
א١ J١١אאא
אאא
אאאא
- 19 -
אאW א،،
אאאF١ J١٢KEאאא(A-A′)אאא،א(A)
אא(A′)א،(B-B′)،אאאאאF١ J١٢Eאאא،א
א(A-A′)Kאא(A-A′)א(B-B′)،א(B)،א(B′)،אא(18˚)אאא،
אאאF١ J١٢EKאאאאא(B-B′) א(A-A′)F١א J١٢EאK
אאTm אאאאTmאאאאא،
אאאאאKאאאא،אאא
(90˚)،אאאKאאאא،אאאא
א،אKאא
(A-A′)(B-B′)אא אא F١ J١٢E،אW
٢-١ S4
S
S5
S
S3
N
S1
N
S2
NmcoscossinsinsinTT
אאא
אאאא
- 20 -
א١ J١٢אא
אאא
אאאא
- 21 -
אאאאאא،אאאאאא،אאF١ J٢EW
588.0951.0809.00.1309.0TT
54cos18cos54sin90sin18sinTT
m
ooooo
m
٣-١ mT0.863T
א،אא18˚א،אאאF١ J١٢KE
אאF٢ J١Eאאא،א،אאא١ J٥١ J٦
אKאאאאאאאאKאאא
،אאאא،אא١אאאאאא J٧١ J٨K
١א J٧אאא א א ١٨Kא
B A
1 1
1 -1
-1 -1
-1 1
1 1
١א J٨אאא א א ١٨Kא
B A
1 1
-1 1
-1 -1
1 -1
1 1
אאא
אאאא
- 22 -
F١א J١٣WאאאאאE
אF١ J١٣EאאאאאאאאK
א F١ J١٣E א א א א אאאאK
אאא
אאאא
- 23 -
אא אאאא
١WKKKKKKKKKKKאאאאאא
K Kאאאא
K Kאא
K אא
K אK
٢WKKKKKKKKKKKאאאאאאא
K Kאאא
K Kאא
K Kאאאא
K Kאאא
٣WאאאKKKKKKא
K K
K K
K K
K K
٤WאאאKKKKKKKKKK
K אאKא
K K
K Kאא
K Kאא
٥WאאאKKאא
KKאאא
K אאK
K Kאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 24 -
W ١ J١WKאאאאאאאאאא
١ J٢WKא
١ J٣WKאאאא
١ J٤WKאאא
١ J٥WKאאאאאא
١ J٦WKאאאאאאא ١ J٦WKאאאא ١ J٧ W א F ١א J١٤ ،Eא א א
،א، ،אא אא،אאW
K Kא
K אאאאאK
K אאאאאK
K אא،אאא
K אא،אאא
K ،אאא،،K
K א؟؟א،אאאא
א١ J١٤
אאא
אאאא
- 25 -
١ J٨ Wא א،א א אא א אא ، ،א
א،W
KאKא
Kאאאאא
אKאאאא
Kאאאאא
Kאאאאא
K،אאא،،K
Kאאאא،א؟א؟
١ J٩WאFא،אא١ J١٥E،W
K Kא
K אאאKא
K Kאאאא
K Kאאא
K אאאא١א٢K
א١ J١٥
אאא
אאאא
- 26 -
١ J١٠WFאא١ J١٦،Eאאא
،،אאא،אא،אאW
K Kא
K אאאאא
K אאאאא
K אאאאא
K אאאאא
K K،،،אאא
K ؟א،אאאאא؟
א١ J١٦
אאא
אאאא
- 27 -
אאאא
אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 28 -
Wאאאא
אאKאאאW
אאאW
١K אKאאא
٢K אKאאאא
٣K אKאא
אאא
אאאא
- 29 -
אאאא،אא א אאאאא
א K א אא א אא אאאאWא
אא אא Kg א אאא VaK
א א א אאאK
٢ J١אאWאא
Wאאא
K א א א (V)Kאא אאאK
K אאK
K KgK
K Kא
K Kא
אאא(V)،אאאאאKאאאא
אאאא،אאאאאאאKאאאא
١-٢ .KVga
dt
d
אאא
אאאא
- 30 -
٢ J٢אאאWDirect Current Tacho-Generators
אא،א،אאאא،אאאאאאא
א אא א א א א אKאאאאאאאא
אאאא א א א א א(Solid- states d c power supply)
F٢אא J١KE
F٢א J١Eאאאאאא ،א א א א א א א
אVa אא ،אא ،אRL
a
a
a
E
constant but
KE
NE
٢-٢ .KEEa
where
.KKE
Vf
IL
Ea
Ia Ra
Va = VT RL
If
R
אאא
אאאא
- 31 -
אאאא אIfאאKאאא
אF٢ J٢E א א א Ea אא א (RL = )،אאא
RLאאאW
٣-٢ aaaa RI-EV
Ia،אRaאאKאאEאFא
F א ٢ J٢F א E٢ J٣ Eא Kאאא
אF٢ J٢Eאאאאאא
אאאאא
RL=small
RL=
אאא
אאאא
- 32 -
٤-٢ L
aa R
VI
L
a
aa
aL
aa
aL
aaa
R
R1
EV
ER
R1V
R.R
V-EV
٥-٢
L
a
Ea
R
R1
.KV
אF٢ J٥EאאאVa،RaאKRaאא
אאאאKRLKא
٢אאFאאאא J٢،EאאאW
،אWאאK ٦-٢ rL -
where
arrI.K
אאא،r،אאא،אא،KrאIar،
،אאאאאאאKאא
٧-٢ LL a ..KE
אאא
אאאא
- 33 -
א א Wא א א،אאאאא،
אKאא אא אVbrush ،א א
אF٢ J٣EW
brushaaaaV-R.I-EV
٨-٢
L
ar
brushEa
R
R.K.K1
V.KV
F٢א J٨EאVaאאאאאאאאVbrushKא
אVaאא א ،א א א א ،
،אאאאאאאאKאאא(Dead Zone =)،
אKאאF٢ J٢Eא א אאאאאאא٢ J٨K
٢ J٢ J١אWאאאאא
W א א א א Kא
WאאאKא
אאא
אאאא
- 34 -
F٢ J١E אאאא(Ea = 12 V)א(If = 0.1 A)א(1000 rpm)KאW
EאFאאאאEa א0.15 A)אE(1000 rpm)K EFאאאאEa א0.1 A)אE(1400 rpm)K
Wא Ea1 = 12 V If1 = 0.1 A n1 = 1000 rpm
Ea2 = ? If2 = 0.2 A n2 = 1000 rpm Ea3 = ? If3 = 0.1 A n3 = 1400 rpm
fIN ..KE Ea
11
22
1
a2
.
.E
NI
NI
E f
f
a
Vx
x
NI
NIEaE
f
fa 18
10001.0
100015.012
.
.
11
2212
Vx
x
NI
NIEaE
f
fa 8.16
10001.0
14001.012
.
.
11
3313
א א א א Ea א א אVa א א א Ifא
אKאאא
F٢ J٢E אאא(40 W, 20 V, Ra = 0.025)
אאאKא אאא אאEaKאאאאאEa אא20 V
א50 W
אאא
אאאא
- 35 -
Wא
AII aL 220
40
I V P LTout
VxE
R
a
a
05.20025.0220
I V E aTa
אא
AII aL 5.220
50
VxE
R
a
a
0625.20025.05.220
I V E aTa
F٢ J٣E א א א(50 W, Ra = 0.03) א
FאאאEa= 25 VאאKאאEKאא Wא
AII
VVa
acbbV
cba
VV
V
xV
RIEV
VII
aL
T
T
TT
TT
aaaT
TaL
293.24
50
93.242
)4(
5.1,25,1
05.125
03.05025
50
I V P
2
2
LTout
אאא
אאאא
- 36 -
٢ J٣אאאWInduction Tacho-Generators
אא א א ،אא،א ،א
א، ،א א אאאא(Field winding)
א א א(Generating winding)א K אא א (Drag-Cup Rotor)
א א א،אא ،א אF٢ J٣E
K
א٢ J٣
אאא
אאאא
- 37 -
٢ J٣ J١אאWא
،א א א א אא،אאאKאא
א،אאאא،אKאאאא
א אאא א אא א אאאKאאאאא
א א א ،Fא א אfא אאא E
KאאאאאFfEKא
אאאאאאאאאFErotE،Fאאאאfאא،אE
אאאאאFf،אEאK
frot..K E ٩-٢
אאאErot )(،אאאאאFgEאאא،אאFgEאEaא،
אאEaאאאא Kא
ga
ga
g
g
rotg
rot
KE
const.E
const.
toalproportiondirectly is therefore
E toalproportiondirectly
toalproportiondirectly E
אאא
אאאא
- 38 -
אא،אאאאאאא،אאא
אKאאאא אאאאאא
، אא אאאאאאK
،אאאאאאאא
אאא،אאא א אאFאאאKEאאאא
( 0.5 Zf, 0.5 Zb )א א א אא א אאאא،אאאאKאא
אא ( n ) ،אאאאאא א א א אא א א
א( n )،( Eaf )( Emf )،Wא
f1mfaf
Z0.5.InjEnjE ١٠-٢
m
a
N
Nn where
( Eab )( Emb )א،W
b1mbab
Z0.5.InjEnjE ١١-٢
אאאאא
abafa EEE ١٢-٢
bf1Z-Z.In5.0j ١٣-٢
א ( s = 1) = Zb ) ( Zf ( Ea = 0 )
אאא
אאאא
- 39 -
אאא ) Ea(אZfZbאא،אאאאא ،אאZf
Zb אאא،אאאאאאK
٢ J٤
אאאא،אאWאאא
12.298.1
3.409.31
7.5159.3I1
jZ
jZ
b
f
אא א אאאאאאS=0.05Kאאאאאא n =
0.8K
Wאאאאא
volt22.9065.69
)92.515.48()7.51436.1(j
12.2j98.13.40j9.317.5159.38.05.0j
Z-Z.In5.0jE
o
oo
o
bf1a
אאאא69.65אאאא90.22 K
אאא
אאאא
- 40 -
٢ J٤אאאאSynchronous Tacho-generators
אא،אאאאאאא،אאאאא
K
אאאאאאאאKאאאאאאא،אא
،אא א Kא אאא، א אא א ،
א א ،א א אKאא
٢ J٥אאW
א،אאאאא א ،א،א Kאא
א،אKא
אאא
אאאא
- 41 -
אא אאאא
١WKKKKKKKKKKKא
KאK
KאאאK
אאK
KK
٢WKKKKKKKKKKKאאא
KאאאK
KאאאK
KKאאאא
KK
٣WKKKKKKKKאאאאאא
K
KK
KK
KK
٤WאאאאאKKKKKK
KK
KאK
KאK
KK
٥WאאKKKKKK
KK
KKאא
KK
אאא
אאאא
- 42 -
KאK
W ٢ J١W ؟אאאאאא
٢ J٢W א א א א א א אאאאאאא؟א؟אא
٢ J٣W ؟אא
٢ J٤WKאאאא
٢ J٤WKאאאא
٢ J٤WKאאאא
٢ J١ Wאאאאאאא אאFאאאאא٢ J٨אאKE
K
٢ J٢W אאאאאאאאKא
٢ J٣Wאאאא،אאWאאא
2.44
3.8064
4.505.2I1
jZ
jZ
b
f
אאאאאאאאאאs
= 0.04אאאאאאKn =
0.9
אאא
אאאא
- 43 -
אאאאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 44 -
Wאאא
אאWאאאK
אאאW
١K אKאא
٢K אא
٣K אKאאאאא
٤K אKאאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 45 -
א
אא (Servo-Motors)،،א א א א א א
،אא،אאאאא،אאאאאא
Kא א אאאאKא
אאאאאאKא א א،א
Kאא،אא
٣ J١אאA.C Servo-Motors אאאאא
Kא אא אאאאאא،א
א א،אא א אא،א،אאא،אKאאא،א
א א א ، אא א FאKE
٣ J١ J١Wא
אאא،אא، א א(constant voltage winding) ،
א א א، א(control winding)KאF٣ J١EאKאא
אאא
אאאא
- 46 -
א،אFא،Eאאאאאאאאא
א א ، א ،אאאאאKאא
אא،אא،א،אאאK
א א א א אא אאאאF٣ J١EW
٣ J١aVT
א٣ J١אא
אאא
אאאא
- 47 -
٣ J١ J٢Wאאא
א א א א א ، א،א،אאא
،אאא אא אאאאF٣ J٢EKא،،אאאא
،אאאK،א א אא
א“c”אאF٣ J٢E،،א א א א
،אאאא،אאאאאאKא
א א "c" א (Va)،אאאF٣ J٣E،אא
אF٣ J٢EW
avV.K.K-T ٣ J٢
א٣ J٢ אאאאא
א٣ J٣אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 48 -
٣ J١ J٣אאאא(Drag-Cup Servo-Motors)
א،אאאאאאאKאאאא
אא ،א א א א א אאאאא EFא،אאא א א א
Kא
אא،אאאאא ،א א א א،
אאאא،Kא אאאאאאא،אא
א EאFא،אאאא אK א א א אKא א
אF٣ J٤EKא
א٣ J٤אאא
אאא
אאאא
- 49 -
Wאאא
J א (o) W، א א א אLאK
J א(Tst) Wאאא،א
KK
J אאא(J) WFא،EאKאא٢K
J א(α)Wאא،אאאאא،Lאא٢K
J
Tst ٣ J٣
J א א ()א א א W٢٦٣א ٪אא
א،אאאKא אא ،
אא ،אF٣ J٥Eא Wאא
ZאאאאאxKאLא
st
o
T
J ٣ J٤
אאWאא
-t
oe1 ٣ J٥
K א(r)W אא א٪٢٦٣אאאא،אא
אא ،א א אא،אW
Zא٧١xאא
אאא
אאאא
- 50 -
٣ J٥אא
٣ J١W
א ، א 120 ،60،אא אF٣ J٦E،אא0.01Kא٢،אא95
W
K אאאאEאאאFK
K Kאא
K Kא
K Kאא
K אK
K Kאא
٣ J٦
אאא
אאאא
- 51 -
אW
EFאWאא av
V.K.K-T
0.0and volt 95Vat a
avV.K0.75T
00789.095
75.0
V
75.0K
av
rad/sec.2250.0Tat
75.0225K-0.0
line speed torqueof slope0033.0225
0.75K
אאאאEאאאF:
aV0.007890.0033-T
N.m. 0.750.0033-T
EFZא α
7501.0
75.0
J
Tst rad/sec2
EFאоω
225o rad/sec
EFאאW
375.0
22501.0
T
J
st
o
sec.
EFאW 1.537.17.1
r sec.
EFאאW
-t
oe1
0..33t-3
-t
e1225e1225
rad/sec
אאא
אאאא
- 52 -
٣ J٢אאD.C Servo-Motors אאא
FאKאא٣ J٧Eאאא
אאאאא(Va)א،אאאאאא
Fאא٣ J٨KE
F٣א J٧Eאאאאאא
אF٣ J٨Eאאאאא
Ea
Ia Ra
Va العضو الدوار
Vf
If
Rf
العضو الثابت
o3 o1
Tst3
o2
Tst2
Tst1
Va1
Va2
Va3
T العزم
א
Va1 Va2 Va3
אאא
אאאא
- 53 -
٣ J٢ J١אאא אאאא
،א א א אאא ،אאאW
٣ J٢ J١ J١Wאאאאא(Printed- Circuit Motors)
אאאא א ، א F٣ J٩(אא א א א א
א א א א אא ،Eא אFאאאKאא،א
אא،אאאאאאKאאא،א
א٣ J٩אאאא
א אא א،א אאא א،אא
א א ، אא א א
אאא
אאאא
- 54 -
אאא אא،אK
٣ J٢ J١ J٢Wאאאא
א אא،אאא א א ، א א א א א
א ، K א א אאאאאא
Kאאא
٣ J٢ J١ J٣Wאאאא
אאא،אאאאאאאKא،אא
אאאא،(Basket)אאאאא،
א א אF٣ J١٠Eא אא Kא
א٣ J١٠אאא
אאא
אאאא
- 55 -
W ٣ J١WWאאא
א Jאא–Kא
٣ J٢W؟אאאאאא
٣ J٣ Wא ،א א אאאא؟א
٣ J٤Wא؟אאא ٣ J٥WKאאאאא ٣ J٦WאאאKאא ٣ J٧Wא א א א
אאאא؟
٣ J٨Wאא א؟؟
٣ J٩ W א א 115،60 אא 0.005Kא٢،אאאF٣ J١١Eאא
115W
K אאאאEאאאFK
K Kאא
K אאK
K אאאאאK
K Kאא
K אאאאK
א٣ J١١
אאא
אאאא
- 56 -
٣ J١٠W א 120א،אא 0.008Kא٢،אאאאאW
N.m. 0.6.0.002-T
T،אWא،אאא K אKאאא
K אאK
K Kאא
K אאK
K אאאאאK
K Kאא
K Kאאא
٣ J١١ W א 120א،אא 0.006Kא٢، א0.6א300אאW
K אKאאא
K אאאאEאאאFKK אאאKK אאאKK אאאאאאKK אKאאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 57 -
אאאאאאאא
אאאאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 58 -
אאאאWאאא
אאאאאאאאWאKא
אאאWK אKאאא ٢K אKאאאאאא
K אKאא K אKאאאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 59 -
٤ J١אאא
א אא א א א אאא، אא،א
א אא אא א אאא،אאאKאא
אא،אאאא،אא، אא،א
א،אא אא،Kאא
٤ J١ J١אWא
F ٤ J١ Eא אא א אא،א،אאא
א א א א א א ،אא،אאא
אאא،אאאאא،אא
אאאK
אא א، אאאא،אאא
אאא ،אאאאא א ،אKאאא
א (Interpoles) ،א אאא،אאאK
אאא
אאאא
- 60 -
א٤ J١אאא
אאאאאאאאאא
אאאF٤ J٢EאאW
אWאא،
١-٤ )jXjX R(R I- VE
.ZI - .ZI - V E
sasaa1 a
ssaa1a
Wאא aad
I.EP ٤ J٢
א: losseso P - PP d ٤ J٣
אW )cos(.I VP a1in ٤ J٤
Wא
m
oo
PT
N.m ٤ J٥
Wא
in
o
P
P ٤ J٦
אאא
אאאא
- 61 -
א٤ J٢אאאאאא
٤ J١ J٢Wאאאאא
א אא 15000 א ، ،א ،א
אאאא،אאאא،אKא אא
אF٤ J٣Eאא،אא، אאאא،אאא،W אאא،א א
אאאאאאKאא
אאאאאאא א،Kאאאא
א٤ J٣אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 62 -
٤ J١ W 120،60،אא ،8000אאא17.580.912Kא
אאW
WאRa = 1.36 WאאאXa = 1.6
WאRs = 0.65
WאאאXs = 1.2
א א Wאא א אא א ،א א80א Kא
WאאWאא،
)jXjX R(R I- VE
.ZI - .ZI - V E
sasaa1 a
ssaa1a
)327.54446.3(58.2458.17120
)8.2j01.2(58.2458.17120
j1.2)j1.665.036.1(58.2458.17120
Volt 747.2968.60120
Volt 2.2405.74Ea
אאאאאאאאK
Wאא 130258.1705.74I.EP aad x watt
Wא 1222801302P - PP Lo d watt
Wא 76.837
60
80002
60
N2 mm
rad/sec
אאא
אאאא
- 63 -
Wא
46.176.837
1222PT
m
o
o
N.m
Wא 96.1923912.058.17120)cos(.I VP
a1in watt
אW
%5.63635.096.1923
1222
P
P
in
o
٤ J٢אא ٤ J٢ J١Wא
א א א א א א א א
،אאאאאאאאFאEא،אאא
אאאKא
٤ J٢ J٢אאW
אF٤ J٤Eאא K א אA،אאאאא،
،אא אא(Transformer
winding) T=A cos، א،אא א(Field winding)F=A sin،אאא
א אא אKא( T )،،אאאFא
E ، א ،
אאא
אאאא
- 64 -
א א א Eא FKא (F)א א ،א
KאF٤ J٤Eא א אאK
אאא،EF،א،א
،א،אאאאאאK
א٤ J٤אא
٤ J٢ J٣Wאאא
א א א אא א א אאאאא،אאאאא
א א א ،א א א א אאאEאאFK
א א א אא א אא א א א א K אא א א ،אא
א א אא א،אאאאKאא
אאא
אאאא
- 65 -
א א ،אאאאא
،אאאאKאאאאאא١٨٢٠אK
א א א א א אא،،אאא
אאאאKאא
אא
אאא
אאאא
- 66 -
אאWאא ١KKKKאאאאWKKKKKK
K Kאאאא
K Kאאא
K Kאא
K Kאא
٢אאאW،אKKKKKKKKKKK
K K
K K
K Kאאא
K K
٣אאWאKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K K
K K
K KK K
K K
٤אאאWKKKKKKKKKKKK
K אKאאא
K אKאאא
K Kאא
K Kאא
K Kא
W
אאא
אאאא
- 67 -
٤ J١W؟אאאאא؟،Kא
٤ J٢W؟אא،Kא
٤ J٣Wא؟אאא
٤ J٤Wא؟אאא
٤ J٥Wאאאאאאאא؟
٤ J٦ W 240 ،60 ،א א ،12000אאא6.5א0.94 ، א
אאEאאFW
WאZa = 6.15 + j 9.4 Ω
אWZs = 4.55 + j 3.2 Ω
א א Wאא א אא א ،א א65א Kא
٤ J٧ W א 220 ،60 ، ،א 6000 אא א7א0.90 ،
א אאEאאFW
WאZa = 5.5 + j 7.4 Ω
אאWZs = 3.5 + j 3.2 Ω
Wאא א אא א אא ،א אאא70 אK
אאא
אאאא
- 68 -
אאאאאאאא
אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 69 -
אאאאWאא
אאWKאאאאאא
אאאW
١K א אWאא אאא
אאאK
٢K אאאאאאאא
אאK
אאא
אאאא
- 70 -
٥ J١אאאא
א א אא א א Kא א א א א אא
א،אאKאאאאאאאאאא
אא،אKאא א אא אאאK
٥ J٢Wאאאא אאאאאW
١K א The control transmitter (CX)
٢Kא The control transformer (CT)
٣KאאThe control differential (CD) ٤Kא The control receiver (CR)
٥ J٢ J١א(CX)W
،א א אא א א
א120°אF א אאKEאא אאKאא
FאאאKEאאאא א
א،אאאאאאא א א ،אאא Kא ) ٥ J١E
אאאאK
אאא
אאאא
- 71 -
א٥ J١Kא
٥ J٢ J٢א(CT)W
א ، א ،אא א א אא א
Fumbrella constructionE،א א א ،א א ،
Kאאא ، K א א אא
אF٥ J٢EKא
אאא
אאאא
- 72 -
א٥ J٢אK
א٥ J٢אK
٥ J٢ J٣אא(CD):
אאא،א،אKאא
KאאF٥ J٣EKאא
א٥ J٣Kאא
אאא
אאאא
- 73 -
٥ J٢ J٤א(CR)W
א،אאKאK
٥ J٣Wאאאאאא
٥ J٣ J١אWאElements Data Transmitting
אאאאאאאאאא،אF٥ J٤Eא،אאאא
א(error detector)،אאאאא،
א אא א(CT) ، ، אאאא(CT)א
א(CX)K
א٥ J٤אאאא
אאא
אאאא
- 74 -
א א א F٥ J٤E ،א א ،אא،
אאאאא،אאאאאאאא،אאא،א
אא א א א ،א אא ،אK
אאאאאא،אאKאאאא
אא،Kאאאא א אאא
،א א א א א ، אא،אאאאאא
אא ،אאאאאאא
אאאא( e = Er sinα )K
אאא
אאאא
- 75 -
א٥ J٥א
אF٥ J٥ E א א אF٥ J٤E،(output shaft)،(input shaft)،
אאא،אאאאFאאE
Kאאאאאא א Kא א א א א א
אאKאאא
אאאא،אא،אא א אא، ، א
אאאא EF אאא אא،אא(E sin ) (E)א
Kאא
א،א אאא אאאאאאאאאאK
אאא
אאאא
- 76 -
٥ J٣ J٢WאElements Torque Transmitting
א אא א אא א א אא אא FEאא א א א
אKאאאאF٥ J٦א א KEאTd
n א אאא
א א n א Kאא אTbאאאTdKאאאאא
אאאאאאKא
א٥ J٦אאא
אא Tdא א א אא אא א א Eא F א
Td Tb
n n
I II
אאא
אאאא
- 77 -
אאאאKאאאאאא אאא א אאאא
אאאאאא EFTdא אEFTb א אא א
אאאאא א א Kא
٥ J١אW70.75 kg.m825 rpm א א א K
50 HzKאאאאK I
II
Td Tb
n n PmI=60Kw
PSI =
109 Kw
PSO=
109 Kw
Pmo=60K
Par =49Kw
אאא
אאאא
- 78 -
sec/15760
15002
60
2
sec/3.8660
8252
60
2
45.01500
8251500ns
...15002
506060n
S
s
radxxxnx
radxxxnx
n
n
mprx
P
f
SS
rr
S
m
FאאאWEאא אאאאPmIW
KwxXT r 603.861000
81.975.70PmI
א אא אא א א א(II) א אאאאWאא
49Kwx1571000
9.81x0.45x70.75Par Sg sxTxsP
אאאאPSIW
Kw091x1571000
9.8170.75xPSI gIS PT
Kw 9014960PCheak SI armI PP
WEאאFאא אאאאאאאאParW
Kw 49arP
אאאאPmoW
60Kw x4945.0
45.011P mo
arP
S
S
אאא
אאאא
- 79 -
אאאאWאא
Kw 90145.01
60
1P SO
S
P mo
Kw 9014960PCheak SO armo PP
אאא
אאאא
- 80 -
אא Wאאאא
١WאאאאאאKKKKKKKKKK
KאEF EFKא
KאאEF KEF
٢WאאKKKKKKKKKK
אאEFKא אאEFKא
אא א א EF Kא
KEF ٣WאKKKKKKKKKK
אאEFKא אאEFKא
EF אא א א Kא
KEF ٤WאאאאאKKKKKKKKKK
EFאK KEF
KEF KEF
אאא
אאאא
- 81 -
W
٥ J١Wאא؟אא ٥ J٢WאאאK
٥ J٣WאאאK
٥ J٤Wאאא؟א
٥ J٥WKאאא
٥ J٦WKאא ٥ J٧Wאאאא
٥ J٨WאאאאK
٥ J٩WאKא
٥ J١٠WאKא
٥ J١١Wא،א אא אא ،אאF٥ J٤א E
אא60oאאאKא،אאא100،א
Kא
٥ J١٢W א100 kg.m 1000 rpm א K א
50 HzKאאאאK
אאא
אאאא
- 82 -
אא
אא א אא،א–KKK K
،אא،א١٩٨٨א KאאאאPrinciples of Electric Machines and Power Electronics, Jon Wiley & sons, Inc, 1997
P. C. Sen, Jon Wiley & sons
Electric Machinery, West Publishing Company, 1994 M. S. Sarma Electric Machines: Steady State Theory and Dynamic Performance, Mc. Graw-Hill, 1992.
A. E. Fitzgeralad
Electric Machinery, Mc. Graw-Hill, 1994 A. e. Fitzgerald, C. Kingsley. S. D.Umans,
STEPPING MOTORS: a guide to modern theory and practice. IEE CONTROL ENGINEERING SERIES, Peter peregrinus Ltd. 1992.
P. J. Antsaklis, D. P. Atherton, K. Warwick
Electric Machines, West Publishing Company, 1994. M. S. Sarma