亚洲文史地图集 a literary & historical atlas of asia

8/9/2019 A Literary & Historical Atlas of Asia

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EVERYMAN'S LIBRARYEDITED BY ERNEST RHYS

REFERENCE

J 3 a' J J , ,

J J

A LITERARY ANDHISTORICAL ATLASOF ASIA


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THE PUBLISHERS OF SFS^TM^S^SLIB^/l^Hjr WILL BE PLEASED TO SENDFREELY TO ALL APPLICANTS A LISTOF THE PUBLISHED AND PROJECTEDVOLUMES TO BE COMPRISED UNDER

THE FOLLOWING THIRTEEN HEADINGS:

TRAVEL 1^ SCIENCE ^ FICTIONTHEOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY

HISTORY ^ CLASSICALFOR YOUNG PEOPLE

ESSAYS ^ ORATORYPOETRY & DRAMA

BIOGRAPHYREFERENCEROMANCE

^>:^ivTv,


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A LITE RARY 5HISTORICAL

ATLAS OFASIA 'V-J G.BARTHOLOMEW LLD

*

o ' >

LONDON:PUBUSHEDJbyJMDENTSSONSiS

ANP IN NEWYORKBY EP. DUTTONSCO"2^


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INTRODUCTIONFourth in the series of special atlases designed for

"Every-

man's Library"

the present volume deals with the countries of

Asia, whose history and geography, and whose possibilities,great and grave, are alike reflected in the maps and charts thatfollow. When Queen Elizabeth granted to certain merchantsof London a charter that gave them a roving commission totrade in the East Indies, she could not foresee the immense

developments that were to rise from that adventurous com-merce between east and west. The successive maps of Indiawith their frontier changes mark the gradual advance of an oldworld toward the new one knit by powerful mutual ties to theIsle of Britain; and recently we have seen what it is to be hopedwill open a greater era for those regions, marked by a return tothe old capital of Delhi, and a resuming of ancient rites whichfirst gained their symbolism in those lands.

But Asia, as Japan has taught us and as China will un-

doubtedly teach us again, has her own destiny to bear out,apart from our European interests and politics; and it is inthat aspect we need to study her on the lines laid down and

made clear and positive in this volume. It is not the militaryrecords, the charts of mutinies and battle-fields, interesting as

they are, which are alone important; but those showing the

conditions, physical and climatic, of the country; the dispersionof the tongues, the sites of the old religions, the wealth and tillageof the earth with its fruits, grain and minerals, its rice fields andtea plantations; the prevalence of rain, sun and trade-winds;and the course of the sea-roads that affect its human andindustrial life.

A gazetteer does not always seem to the ordinary man a veryentertaining thing, but in this of Asia its compiler. Miss Grant,has tried to mark in brief, close compacted in small type, the

place-associations, historical and other, that give life to thenames of town or country. She has related them to the booksthat have dealt with them, and the events they have witnessed :

given Ning-po its allusion to Marco Polo's travels, and Madrasits San Thome pedigree, connected Palmyra with Tamerlane,

vii

2G1223


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viii Introduction

and Puri, Bengal, with the gold tooth of the Buddha and theTemple of Vishnu's incarnation. In the Brief Survey of theCoins and Coinage, Mr. J. Allan (of the Coins and Medal Depart-

ment, British Museum) has traced the record from Lydia, sixcenturies and more B.C., to our own time. His notes .on thePhoenician coins

"tetradrachms of Tyre with a dolphin or

the god Melkart riding on a sea-horse," or an owl with a crookand a flail (Egyptian royal symbols); or the double shekels ofSidon with a galley, sails, or oars, before a walled city on one

side, and a king of Persia on the other show how much of

historya set of

coins, apparentlyso

secretive, may hidejntheir

silver and gold impressions.In this Asian Atlas, of small dimensions as it requires to be to

fit its pocket, Irkutsk in the north,"

far Mandalay," the detailsof the East and West Indies, the route of Marco Polo, coastslike the Camatic, towns like Lucknow and Cawnpore, Lhasa,"

the Forbidden City" of Tibet, and Matsuye, the old capital of

Idzumo, which Lafcadio Heam describes, all have their record.It remains to be said, that as in other volumes of the same set.Dr. Bartholomew of Edinburgh has acted as cartographer; andthe editor and publishers wish to acknowledge his large practicalaid in the design of the atlas. Also, they owe a word of thanksto Mr. William Foster of the India Office for his expert advice.

Finally, they wish to dedicate the volume to the people andthe princes of India, Japan, and the other countries of whichit is a memorial, believing in their great future.

E. R.


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CONTENTS

COLOURED MAPS

The World according to Hecat^us, b.c. 500The World according to Eratosthenes, b.c. 220QUADRANS HaBITABILIS ACCORDING TO AbU RiHAN

a.d. 1030Egyptian Empire, b.c. 1450Babylonian Empire, b.c. 560Persian Empire at its greatest Extent, 525 b.c.Empire of Alexander the Great, 325 bAsia Minor .Palestine, Old Testament

Palestine, New TestamentAsia, Early ExplorersAsia, Thirteenth CenturyAsia, about 1740 .

India, 1705 .

India, 1765 .

India, 1805 .

India, 1857 .

The FarEast,

1800

Russian Advances in Central AsiaThe World on Mercator's Projection, showing

Asia ....Asia Orographical

River Basins

January TemperatureJuly TemperatureJanuary Rainfall

July Rainfall .Mean Annual RainfallVegetationRacesReligions .PopulationPolitical .

Economic Map of Asia on Mercator's Projection

Trade Routes of Asia on Mercator's ProjectionTurkey in Asia, Arabia, Persia, Afghanistan, and Baluchistan .........

ix


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X Contents

Asia Minor, Syria, etc.Suez Canal .Aden ....Orographical Central Asia, with Indian FrontiersIndian Empire .....Products of India ....Bombay, Berar, and part of Central IndiaPunjab, Sind, Rajputana, Kashmir, etc.United and Central Provinces, Bengal, Assam, etc.Madras, Haidarabad, Mysore, and CeylonEnvirons of Bombay .

Environs of CalcuttaOrographical Farther IndiaBurma ....Malay StatesSlAM AND InDO-ChINA .The Far East, EconomicEast Indies .

Java ....Philippine IslandsIsland of SingaporeHong-Kong .China and Japan .Northern China .Southern China .Environs of Peking and ShanghaiEnvirons of Hong-Kong and ManilaJapan ......Korea and Manchuria .Central Japan ....Environs of TokioEnvirons of Port-Arthur and NagasakiSiberiaEnvirons of Vladivostok

A BRIEF SURVEY OF THE COINAGES OF ASIA, FromTHE Earliest Times to the Present Day, by J. Allan,M.A., M.R.A.S


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Contents XI

LINE MAPSPAGE

Battle of Sirangapatam, February 1792 . . . . 130Battle of Assaye, September 1803 ..... 131Battle of Meanee, February 1843 . . . . . 131Battle of Aliwal, January 1846 . . . . . . 132

i Battle OF SoBRAON, February 1846 . . . . . 132

I

Indian Mutiny, showing Distribution of Troops, May 1857 . 133Aryan Languages of India ....... 134

jNon-Arya^ Languages of India ......135

Sites of Ancient Indian Temples ..... 136, 137Military Divisions of India . . . . . . 138IDelhi ........... 139LucKNOW .......... 140Cawnpore .......... 141Lahore . . . . . . . . . . 142Rangoon . . . . . . . . . . 143

Lhasa,"

The Forbidden City"

. . . . . .

144

A Gazetteer of Towns and Places in Asia having an HistoricInterest . , . . . . . . . 145

Index ........... 173


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ARYAN LANGUAGES

OF INDIAScale of Miles

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NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES

OF INDIA -

Scale of Milesloo 200 300 400 St

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SITES OF

ANCIENT INDIANTEMPLES

English Mi/es

32

as

Reference NoteBuddhist & Jaina... ^/Wg/j

Hind ri. .. Patan%

MQhamm


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138

Bartholomew Edm''


148/153

Bartholomew Edm'^


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140


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亚洲文史地图集 a literary & historical atlas of asia

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