삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · adapted from national asthma education and prevention...

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삼성서울병원 알레르기센터 간호사 최영란

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Page 1: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

삼성서울병원 알레르기센터

간호사 최영란

Page 2: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

기도폐쇄에 따른 증상의 치료

기도 염증 치료

비가역적인 기도의 변화 방지

천식조절상태에 도달하고 이를 잘 유지 하는 것.

** 조절상태란? 주간증상 : 없음~2회/주,활동제한 없음

야간증상/수면방해 없음

증상완화제사용 : 없음~2회/주

폐기능 정상

Page 3: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

1. 증상 완화제(Reliever)

: 신속히 기도확장 증상 개선

2. 질병 조절제(Controller)

: 항염증효과 천식증상 조절

Page 4: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

속효성 베타2 항진제 - Salbutamol(벤토린),Terbutalin(브리카닐) Fenoterol(베로텍)

항콜린성 약제 - Ipratropium(Atrovent)

Page 5: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

장점

효과가 빠르다: 급성 천식 발작에 유용

환자들이 선호한다.

운동유발성 기관지수축의 예방에 매우 효과적

단점

기도염증 조절 효과는 전혀 없다.

약효시갂이 짧다.

장기갂 규칙적으로 사용 시 내성 발현

속효성 2-교감신경 항진제

Page 6: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

속효성 2-교감신경 항진제

약제 제형 용량/dose

Salbutamol MDI 100 mcg

(Ventolin® )

Fenoterol MDI 200 mcg

(Berotec® )

Terbutaline Turbuhaler 200 mcg

(Bricanyl® )

Page 7: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

흡입 스테로이드제

- Budesonide, Fluticason, Ciclesonide

지속형 β2 항진제

- Salmeterol, Formoterol

흡입 스테로이드 + 지속형 β2 항진제

- 세레타이드(Fluticason + Salmeterol)

- 심비코트(Budesonide + Formoterol)

Page 8: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

장점

- 항염증 약제중 가장 효과적.

- 기도염증 조절, 기도과민증 호전

폐기능 개선 QOL증가

단점

-부작용 (구인두 캔디다증, 목소리 변성,

상기도자극에 의한 기침)

-개인에 따른 다양한 반응도

Page 9: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

국내 시판중인 흡입 스테로이드제

약 제 제 형 용 량 (ug/dose)

Budesonide MDI 200

(Pulmicort® ) Turbuhaler 200

Fluticasone MDI 50

(Flixotide® ) Diskus 100 or 250

Page 10: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

장점

약효시갂이 길다: 12시갂 이상 지속

천식 발작, 특히 야갂 천식 증상의 예방에 유용

통상 용량의 흡입 스테로이드제에 추가하면 폐기능 및 증상의 호

전과 QOL가 증가: 흡입 스테로이드제 투여량 감소 효과

단점

기도염증 조절 효과가 뚜렷하지 않다: 단독 사용보다는 흡입 스테

로이드제와의 병용 투여가 바람직

지속성 2-교감신경

항진제

Page 11: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

장점

- 각각 단독사용보다 더 효과적

- 사용 갂편 치료숚응도 증가

- 증상 완화제와 유지치료 모두 가능

단점

- 가격이 비싸다.

Corticosteroid + Long acting

2-Agonist

Page 12: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Corticosteroid + Long acting 2-Agonist

상 품 명 성 분

Seretide® fluticasone 100/250/500 mcg

+ salmeterol 50 mcg

Symbicort® budesonide 200 mcg

+ formoterol 4.5 mcg

Page 13: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

장 점

- 기도에 직접 작용

- 적은 양으로 최대효과

- 전싞적 부작용 최소화

단 점

- 사용자의 사용숙련도에 의존

- 지속적인 흡입교육 필요

- 약 값이 비싸다.

Page 14: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

흡입제의 선택 기준

기관지로 충분한 약이 투여 될 수 있어야 한다.

경제적이어야 한다.

쓰기 쉽고 간편해야 한다.

구강 내 침착 되는 양이 적고 전신 부작용이

적어야 한다.

환자가 선호하는 기구이어야 한다.

Page 15: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Particle Size and Airway Deposition

Particle Size

No clinical benefit

Systemic absorption if swallowed

> 5 microns

Optimal size for

clinical benefit

Clinical benefit uncertain

Systemic absorption

2-5 microns

< 2 microns

Result

Page 16: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the

Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. 1997. NIH publication No. 97-4051.

Mouth and pharynx

Lung deposition (10% to 30%)

Systemic circulation

Inactivation in the liver “first pass”

Absorption from the gut

Lung

Absorption from the lung (A)

GI tract

Active drug from the gut

(B)

Systemic concentration = A + B

Liver

Page 17: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Metered dose inhaler (MDI)

Dry powder inhaler (DPI)

Turbuhaler

Nebulizer

Page 18: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

흡입과 분사 시기를 맞추기 어렵다.

하부 기도에 들어가는 약제의 양이 적다.

흡입 보조기구(spacer)를 사용할 수 있다.

Page 19: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

정량식 분무흡입기

(MDI)

Metering Chamber

Propellant (CFC or HFA) and Drug

Canister

Efficient way of using MDI

Slow, deep inspiration

Page 20: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

- 사용이 힘들지 않고, 약물 전달이 효과적 - 에어로졸 입자가 추짂제 증발과 함께 작아져 폐에 침착되기 쉽다 - 구강과 인후부위에 침착되는 약물의 양 흡입약물 부작용이 최소화

Page 21: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

장점

Reduce the velocity of aerosol

Decrease bad taste

Reduce cold-Freon effect

적응증

Incorrect MDI using technique: esp. inhaled steroid

Children and olds

Acute exacerbation of asthma: inhaled bronchodilator

Page 22: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 23: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

-Diskhaler, Diskus, Turbuhaler - 하부 기도에 들어가는 약제의 양이 많다.

- 숚수 약물만을 사용

- 천식 증상이 심한 환자나 6세 이하 소아는 사용하기 어렵다.

Page 24: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Azmacort

Becotide Diskhaler

Page 25: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Diskus

Page 26: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 27: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

Turbuhaler

Efficient way of using 1.Twist the base as far as it will go and

then back to the original position, listening for the click.

2. Breathe out gently. 3. Place the mouthpiece between teeth and

close lips around it. 4. Inhale deeply and forcefully through

mouth.

Page 28: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 29: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

터브러

터브헬러 타 흡입기

< 약물 폐 분포도 >

Page 30: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 31: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 32: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 33: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 34: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
Page 35: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

최영란샘-1.wmv

Page 36: 삼성서울병원 - allergy.or.kr · Adapted from National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma

병리사-박정미,김현정, 갂호사 –최영란,이연화