上海建桥学院大学英语制作

Book One

Unit One

Growing Up

Text A Writing for Myself

ContentBackground Information

Warm-up Activity

Text Organization

Sentence Study

Words and Phrases

Text Analysis

Background Information

Spaghetti: Spaghetti is an Italian thin noodle, cooked by loiling and served with sauce. Usually you put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mouth. It’s impolite to suck.

Background Information

What American teachers wear in school: Nowadays, people in the U. S. love to dress

causally. Even among those companies with a rigid dress code ( 严格的着装规范 ), some now allow employees not to wear suits on Fridays. U.S. teachers wear fairly formal clothes to school, but not necessarily suits and ties.

Background Information

Warm-up Activity

Two or three Ss form a group, thus choose one question Two or three Ss form a group, thus choose one question among these to answer.among these to answer.

Warm-up Activity

1. Could you list two or three simple-minded compositions (无知的作文） assigned by your teachers? Why were they discouraging?

2. Have you ever written any piece, like diary, blog or letter? Are these writings dull? Why or why not?

3. If assigned a piece of writing, what topic would you like to spare efforts on?

Text Organization

Parts : Part One Paragraphs : Paras. 1—2 Main Ideas :

Baker was bored by everything associated with English courses,

including his new English teacher.

Text organization

Parts : Part Two Paragraphs : Paras. 3—5Main Ideas :

Baker found himself attracted by one particular topic and wrote

about it for his own joy.

Text organization

Parts : Part Three Paragraphs : Paras. 6—9Main Ideas :

The experience of writing the essay helped him discover his

talent for writing and realize what he wished to do in life.

Text organization

Sentence Study

Sentence study

This part comes down to two categories: the sentences This part comes down to two categories: the sentences whose structures differ from Chinese one and those whose structures differ from Chinese one and those carrying active verbs.carrying active verbs.

1.1. The idea of becoming a writer had come to me The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville…off and on since my childhood in Belleville…（（ Line 1, P 4)Line 1, P 4)【【解析解析】】英文中“某人想到英文中“某人想到…” …” 的常用句型是：的常用句型是： the the idea, thought, what …comes (occurs) to sb. idea, thought, what …comes (occurs) to sb. 与与汉语差异很大。汉语差异很大。

After I saw a series of Japanese After I saw a series of Japanese

innovative electronic devices, an innovative electronic devices, an idea of creating something new idea of creating something new occurs to me.occurs to me.

Sentence study

Sentence study

2. None was quite so simple-minded as “What I Did on 2. None was quite so simple-minded as “What I Did on My Summer Vacation,”… (Line 4, P 5) My Summer Vacation,”… (Line 4, P 5) 像暑假二三事那像暑假二三事那样傻傻的题目倒是一个也没有。样傻傻的题目倒是一个也没有。

【【解析解析】】None was so…as None was so…as 是由 是由 not as (so)…as not as (so)…as 变形而来，。变形而来，。本句直译为：没有一个题目像暑假二三事那样无本句直译为：没有一个题目像暑假二三事那样无知。中国学习者不太习惯这个句型，要想学得地知。中国学习者不太习惯这个句型，要想学得地道，就要多读多用。具体运用时可以将道，就要多读多用。具体运用时可以将 nonenone 改为改为nothing, nobody; was nothing, nobody; was 改为实义动词。改为实义动词。

1). Seen from the moon, nothing on the earth is so spectacular as the Great Wall.

2). No races stick to discipline so rigidly as the Japanese one.

Sentence study

3. 3. 英语的动词，尤其是有积极意义的动词为英语句子注英语的动词，尤其是有积极意义的动词为英语句子注入活力，推动句子跌宕起伏的向前行进， 意义完整、入活力，推动句子跌宕起伏的向前行进， 意义完整、逻辑严密，学好动词是捷径。本文中用得精彩并且逻辑严密，学好动词是捷径。本文中用得精彩并且有一定难度的动词存在于以下句子里。有一定难度的动词存在于以下句子里。

11 ））…… but it wasn’t until my third year in high but it wasn’t until my third year in high school that the possibility school that the possibility take hold.take hold. 【【解析解析】】take hold: become established. take hold: become established. 但 比但 比 become become established established 更形象，因为更形象，因为 take take 是个及物动词，动是个及物动词，动词意味比词意味比 become become 这个系动词要强。这个系动词要强。

Sentence study

22 ）） He wore prim suits with neckties set firmly against the He wore prim suits with neckties set firmly against the

collar buttons of his white shirts.collar buttons of his white shirts. 他身穿古板的套装，他身穿古板的套装，领带打得很紧，顶着白衬衣的领扣。领带打得很紧，顶着白衬衣的领扣。

Sentence study

【【解析解析】】 set set 是动词是动词 set set 的过去分词，的过去分词， set set 可以由可以由 putput 代替，代替，这个动词动作性强，刻画出了老师拘谨古板的形这个动词动作性强，刻画出了老师拘谨古板的形象。象。

33 ）） This title This title producedproduced an extraordinary sequence an extraordinary sequence of mental images. of mental images. 这个题目在我头脑中唤起了一这个题目在我头脑中唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。连串不同寻常的图像。

Sentence study

【【解析解析】】produceproduce 可以替换成可以替换成 evoke, provoke, inspireevoke, provoke, inspire等词，表明这个主题很能引起共鸣，受学等词，表明这个主题很能引起共鸣，受学生喜欢。生喜欢。

Words and Phrases

vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind

使联系起来；使联想使联系起来；使联想

1. associate1. associate

e.g. e.g.

1) We associate Egypt with pyramids.1) We associate Egypt with pyramids.

2) I can’t associate this gentle young woman with the 2) I can’t associate this gentle young woman with the radical political essays she has written.radical political essays she has written.

Words and Phrases

vt. expect vt. expect 预期，期望预期，期望 2. anticipate2. anticipate

e.g. e.g.

1) A good speaker is able to anticipate an audience’s needs 1) A good speaker is able to anticipate an audience’s needs and concerns.and concerns.2) We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the 2) We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the reform of medical welfare.reform of medical welfare.

Words and Phrases

vt. fill (sb) with confidence, eagerness, etc. vt. fill (sb) with confidence, eagerness, etc.

激励，鼓舞激励，鼓舞

3. inspire3. inspire

e.g. e.g.

1) Martin Luther King, Jr.’s speeches inspired people to fight 1) Martin Luther King, Jr.’s speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans.for equal treatment of African Americans.

2) The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the 2) The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on.dying patient with the will to live on.

Words and Phrases

vt. act against vt. act against 违背，违反违背，违反 4. violate4. violate

e.g. e.g.

1) If he continues to violate the traffic regulations he is going 1) If he continues to violate the traffic regulations he is going to lose his driving license.to lose his driving license.

2) A country isn’t respected if it violates an international 2) A country isn’t respected if it violates an international agreement. agreement.

Words and Phrases

n. vt. n. vt. 命令，指令命令，指令 5. command5. command

e.g. e.g.

1)The rebellious army would not obey any command from 1)The rebellious army would not obey any command from the President.the President.

2) The king commanded that the victory day become a 2) The king commanded that the victory day become a national holiday. national holiday.

As with the verbs As with the verbs suggest, demand,suggest, demand, the subjunctive mood the subjunctive mood

is used in a that-clause after is used in a that-clause after commandcommand..

Words and Phrases

prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, ect. )prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, ect. )

6. hold back 6. hold back

e.g. e.g.

People could hardly hold back their anger when they found People could hardly hold back their anger when they found that millions of dollars of public funds had been used to build that millions of dollars of public funds had been used to build luxurious houses for city officials. luxurious houses for city officials.

Words and Phrases

vt. keep or get away from vt. keep or get away from 避免避免 7. avoid 7. avoid

e.g. e.g.

The little boy who had broken a neighbor’s window ran away The little boy who had broken a neighbor’s window ran away to avoid punishment. to avoid punishment.

Words and Phrases

Text Analysis

Russell Baker is very good at selecting details to prove his point. For example, in Para 2 he creates an unfavorable image of Mr. Fleagle by describing his eyeglasses, hairstyles, clothes, jaw, nose, and manner of speaking.

Selecting details

TextAnalysis

Repetition

What’s more, Russell Baker employs repetition not only to make it easy for readers to follow what he is saying, but also to impress them more deeply. For example, in Para 2, there are 9 “prim’s” or “primly’s” in as few as 4 sentences! Thus readers will have in their mind a vivid picture of what Mr. Fleagle looked like.

Count how many “I wanted’s” there are in paragraph 5.

Text Analysis

Employing synonymous words and phrases.

a. dull, lifeless, cheerless, tedious

b. turn out, write, compose, put down

c. anticipate, prepare for

d. formal, rigid, prim, correct, proper, respectable

e. vivid memories of sth. come flooding back to sb., sth. reawakes in one’s mind, sb. recall sth.

f. recapture, relive

g. Pleasure, delight, happiness

h. contempt, redicule

i. topic, title

Text Analysis