Social Work History & Building up the HIV/AIDS Networks in China

社会工作历史 & 在中国建立艾滋病网络

Carrie Amber RheingansStudent, University of Michigan School of Social WorkAizhixing Institute Conference on HIV and Social Work

Beijing, China – 16 May 2010

Overview 摘要 Introduction 介绍 Brief history of social work 社会工作的历史简介 Examples of HIV-related networks 与艾滋病相关的网络的例子 Discussion: how can we build better HIV/AIDS

networks in China? 讨论：我们如何在中国建立更好的艾滋病网络？

Carrie Rheingans Student in public health and social

work 公共卫生、社会工作专业学生 Worked in HIV since 2004 – local,

state, national & international 自 2004 年起就在当地、本国及全世

界范围内从事艾滋病领域工作 Working in HIV to fight many

injustices at once (racism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia)

在艾滋病领域为当今的非正义而斗争（种族主义、性别歧视、孔恐同、对跨请人士的恐惧）

Overview of Social Work社会工作回顾

Poverty 缺乏 Poor Laws in England 英国济贫法

Able-bodied poor, 健全的贫困者impotent poor, 无力的贫困者 idle poor 懒惰的贫困者

Missions of churches 教堂的使命

Friendly visitors – people who visited communities to help solve social problems 友好的来访者 - 来访社群帮助解决社会问题的人

Settlement Movement 社区睦邻运动 – practitioners living in impoverished communities to help solve social problems 实务工作者居住在贫困的社区来帮助解决社会问题

Public Health 公共卫生 Industrial Revolution led to

more people migrating from rural to urban areas工业革命导致更多人口从乡村迁移至城市市区

Crowding, outbreaks – social causes of poor health拥挤、暴动—卫生情况差的社会因素

Service provision and policy changes 提供服务与政策改变

Many early social workers trained as nurses 护士是早期的社会工作者

Social action for policy change to improve community health 为政策改变而进行社会行动英语提升社区卫生保健

Professionalization 专业化 Scientific method – try some

intervention, document the results 科学的方法 - 尝试一些干预方法，记录成效

More psychological 更侧重心理学

Case management became most common 个案管理成为最普遍的方法

Schools and programs created to teach skills 学院和项目建立以用于培训技能

Certifications & licensure 认证与执照许可

Today’s Social Work现今的社会工作

Four main areas: 四个领域

Interpersonal Practice 人际互动实践 (counseling and case management with individuals, groups & families咨询以及个体、小组 & 家庭的个案管理 )

Community Organization 社群组织 (linking community resources to each other, policy advocacy, social change联接各类社群资源，政策倡导，社会改变 )

Social Policy & Evaluation 社会政策 & 评估 (writing and analyzing social policies, evaluating programs and policies – both organizational and social 撰写及分析社会政策，评估项目及政策—组织及社会层面 )

Management of Human Services 公共事业管理(managing NGOs, various programs 管理 NGO 及不同项目 )

Micro and Macro 微观 & 宏观

QUESTIONS ABOUT SOCIAL WORK?关于社会工作，有什么想问的问题？

Examples of HIV Networks艾滋病网络

National Association of People with AIDS (NAPWA)国家感染者协会

National Alliance of State and Territorial AIDS Directors (NASTAD) 州区艾滋病领导人国家联盟

Campaign to End AIDS (C2EA) 终结艾滋病行动组织 AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) 艾滋病团

结释放力量联盟 Michigan HIV/AIDS Council (MHAC) 密歇根艾滋病理

事会

National Association of People with AIDS (NAPWA) 国家感染者协会

Across the U.S. 跨越全美 People with HIV and AIDS,

some allies 感染 HIV 的人，一些同盟者

Conferences 会议 Policy objectives 政策目

标 http://www.napwa.org/

National Alliance of State and Territorial AIDS Directors (NASTAD)

州区艾滋病领导人国家联盟 Directors of AIDS

organizations 艾滋病组织的领导人

Share information 分享信息

Create recommendations 建议

Conference calls 电话会议

http://www.nastad.org/

Campaign to End AIDS (C2EA)终结艾滋病行动组织

Policy advocacy and organizing 政策倡导及组织

Specific goals 具体目标 Housing for people with AIDS &

as prevention 感染者住房 Fully fund treatment & support

services 完全的资金支持治疗 & 支持性服务

Prevention guided by science, not idiology 由科学而不是意识形态引导的预防措施

Fight against stigma & for civil rights 反对侮名 & 争取公民权利

Subcommittees and statewide chapters 小组委员会和遍及全州的分部 LGBTQ focus型少数群体 Youth focus青少年

Large-scale actions coordinated across the U.S.遍及全美的大规模行动

Trying to do more international work 尝试做更多国际范围内的工作

http://c2ea.org/

AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) 艾滋病团结释放力量联盟

International – chapters in various cities

国际—在不同城市的分部 Long history – one of the first

AIDS activist groups很长的历史—最早成立的艾滋病活动家组织之一

Sometimes specific leadership structure, sometimes not有事有具体的领导结构，有时没有

Can quickly organize 能够迅速组织起来

http://www.actuporalhistory.org/

(ACT UP)

Michigan HIV/AIDS Council (MHAC)密歇根艾滋病理事会

State-wide 州范围内 Somewhat of a planning

council像是一个计划委员会 Use government-provided

epidemiological data 使用政府提供的流行病学数据

Mostly AIDS organization staff, not consumers or people with HIV 主要的组织工作者不是艾滋病染着或者相关者

http://www.mipwa.org/council.htm

QUESTIONS ABOUT SOME U.S.-BASED HIV NETWORKS?有什么关于美国艾滋病网络的问题吗？

Discussion: How can we build up the HIV networks in China?讨论：我们如何建议中国的艾滋病网络

What networks currently exist? Local, provincial, national, international? 现在有哪些网络？当地、省、国家、国际？ Are there any gaps in types of networks?这些网络之间有什么缺口吗？

Should we start any new network to fill those gaps? 我们是否需要建立一些新的网络来弥补这些缺口？

How can these networks work together? 我们如何让这些网络合作在一起？

What tools can we use in our networks? 在网络中我们能够用到什么工具 / 方法？

What else do we need to be more effective? 为了使其更有效，我们还需要做什么？