中国环境科学研究院 chinese research academy of environmental sciences air pollution control...

Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences 中国环境科学研究院

Air Pollution Control

Strategy for China’s Power

Sector

中国环境科学研究院

中国环境规划院中国环境规划院Chinese Academy for Environmental PlanningChinese Academy for Environmental Planning

杨金田杨金田 Yang JintianYang Jintian

2002-7-172002-7-17


Status of the power sector in China

Rapid growth of power sector• total power generator installed capacity has reached 319.32 million kW

• power generation of 1368.5 billion kWh

Coal is main fuel

• Coal combustion 481.87 million tons

• Accounting for 44.5 ％ of national coal consumption

Trend of increasing

• Coal-fuel generators for 2010 will be 370 million kW

• Accounting for 2/3 of total SO2 emissions


Pollutants emission in power sector

SO2, NOx, smoke dust• SO2 emission in power sector 8.9 milli

on tons

• Accounting for 44.6% of national SO2 e

mission

main source of acid rain

damaging to human health, lakes and

streams, forests, buildings, monumen

ts and visibility

SO2 and acid rain lost 110 billion yu

an

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

(100MW)火电装机容量 coal bi rn(mi l l i on tons)

SO2(10000tons) dust (10000tons)


Emission characteristics

Taller stack (more than 120 m)

Long distance transportation

Larger investment for FGD and longer built period

High operation cost

suit for central control


Acid rain and power

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 年度

排放量（万吨）

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12浓度（mg/m3）

SO2电力排放量 SO2全国排放量 SO2 浓度

• Total SO2 emission decrease nationwide

• SO2 emission increase in power sector

• Acid rain keep serious, Acid precipitation covers around 30 percent of the land areas


Pollution Control Policy and Measures in the Power Sector

Total Emissions Control (TEC) policy

Defined two control zones

Restricting the use of high sulfur-content coal

Fuel switching to low-sulfur coal

Requiring coal washing

Installation of flue gas desulphurization (FGD) facilities

Retire small and old boilers

pollution levy fee on SO2 emissions


Existing problems

Lack in corresponding policies for TEC

Insufficient consideration of environmental factors in

power pricing

Lack in incentive policies for pollution treatment

Sources supervise and monitoring

Less stringency in emission standard


SO2 emission Prediction in power sector

Increasing of electricity demand

Continuously increasing of SO2 generation with difficult control task

year electricity (billion Kwh) SO2 (thousand tons)

2000 1056 8900(current stutus)

2005 1290 11730

2010 1700 14190

2015 2070 16070


SO2 emission cap in power sector

The goal for “tenth-five years” plan

• 10% reduction in nationwide

• 20% reduction in two control zones

year Control goals2005 8002010 7302015 670


Investments demand

By 2015, requirement of the accumulative investment will

be 165.9 billion yuan

Duration Total requirement of investment

(Billion Yuan)

Additional annual cost with wet desulfurizing method

(b yuan)

2001-2005 36.7 6.4

2006-2010 66.7 5.7

2011-2015 62.5 4.4


Pollution Control Strategy

Good chance to integrate environmental issues into power sector

renovation

Integrating environmental cost into electricity price

Introduce market-based instrument, cost effective SO2 emissions r

eductions

Raise charge rate of SO2 emission

Strengthen emissions monitoring and reporting practices

Relying on technological advancement to promote desulfurizing in

dustry


Policy recommendations

Set a specific SO2 reduction goal for power sector

SEPA allocate allowance to power plants directly

Introduce emission trade program

Develop more strict emission standard


谢谢 Thanks

中国环境科学研究院 chinese research academy of environmental sciences air pollution control...

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