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TRANSCRIPT
Italiano II
Il 25 di aprile 2016
Capitolo 2B
SENTIERI textbook
Las Obras1. la data2. il tempo3. vocabolario4. I verbi5. Grammatical
6. I verbi Sentieri textbook
Pagina 48 Regular ARE verbs
Pagina 64 Regular –ere verbs
Pagina 65 PIACERE + indirect Object Pronouns
Regular ere verbs
Conjugating regular Italian verbs ending with ERE in the present tenseInfinitive – “…A verb form that functions as a substantive while retaining certain verbal characteristics, such as modification by adverbs, and that in English may be preceded by to, as in To go
willingly is to show strength or We want him to work…” 1
There are three main categories of Italian Verbs known as 1st, 2nd and 3rd conjugation. Here is the most obvious, initial
difference;
1st Conjugation verbs are verbs that end with the letters ARE in the infinitive form.
2nd Conjugation verbs are verbs that end with the letters ERE in the infinitive form.
3rd Conjugation verbs are verbs that end with the letters IRE in the infinitive form.
(These ending are “Infinitive endings”)
To illustrate how to conjugate an ERE verb, I like to use a math equation as an example but first here are the conjugated
endings for ERE verbs;
Subject Pronoun
IoTuLui/LeiNoiVoiLoro
Ending
oieiamoeteono
To conjugate = infinitive verb – infinitive ending = verb stem + conjugated ending = conjugated verb. Example;
Vedere (To See) - ere = Ved + iamo (ending for we) =
Vediamo (We see)
Vedere conjugated in the present tense IoTuLui/LeiNoiVoiLoro
VedoVediVedeVediamoVedeteVedono
I seeYou seeHe/She/It seesWe seeYou all see(All of YOU) seeThey see
Regular –ARE verbs
talian Englishabitareaiutareamareascoltareaspettarebaciarebastarecamminarecantarecausarecenarechiamarecominciareconservareconsiderareconsigliarecostarecontrollarecrollarecucinare
to liveto helpto loveto listen toto wait forto kissto be enoughto walkto singto causeto have dinnerto callto startto keepto considerto adviseto costto controlto collapseto cook
curaredesideraredimenticaredisegnaredisturbarediventaredomandareentrareevitarefumaregiocaregiraregridareguardareguidareimmaginareimparareincontrareindossareindovinareingrassareiniziareinsegnareinviareinvitarelamentarelasciarelavorarelavareliberarelicenziarelottaremandaremangiaremeritarenuotareordinareorganizzareosare
to take care ofto desireto forgetto drawto disturbto becometo askto enterto avoidto smoketo playto go aroundto shoutto look atto driveto imagineto learnto meetto wearto guessto put on weightto startto teachto sendto inviteto complainto leaveto workto washto freeto dismissto struggleto sendto eatto deserveto swimto orderto organiseto dare
pagareparcheggiareparlareparteciparepassarepensarepesareportarepranzareprenotarepreoccupareprepararepresentareprestareprovareraccomandareraccontarerealizzarerecitareregalarerestarericordareriposarerubaresalutaresalvaresbagliarescapparesognaresperarespiegarestudiaresuonaresuperaretagliaretiraretelefonaretornaretrovare
to payto parkto talkto participate into spend (time)to thinkto weighto taketo have lunchto bookto worryto prepareto presentto lendto tryto recommendto tellto realiseto actto give as a presentto stayto rememberto restto robto say hello/goodbyeto saveto make a mistaketo run awayto dreamto hopeto explainto studyto play (a musical instrument)to overtaketo cutto pullto telephoneto go backto find
viaggiarevisitare
to travelto visit
Regular –ere Verbs
accadere
to happen
accendere
to turn on
assistere
to assist/to attend
assumere
to assume
attendere
to waitcadere
to fall
chiedere
to ask
chiudere
to close
comprendere
to understand
concludere
to concludecondividere
to share
convincere
to convince
consistere
to consist
conoscere
to know
confondere
to confusecorreggere
to correct
correre
to runcredere
to believe
crescere
to grow
decidere
to decide
difendere
to defend
discutere
to discuss
distinguere
to distinguish
dividere
to divide
esistere
to exist
godere
to enjoyincludere
to include
insistere
to insist
leggere
to read
mettere
to put
nascondere
to hide
perdere
to loose
permettere
to allow
piangere
to cry
prendere
to ctake
pretendere
to pretend/to claim
promettere
to promise
ridere
to laughrisolvere
to resolve
rispondere
to answer
rompere
to break
scendere
to descend
scrivere
to write
sorridere
to smile
spingere
to push
succedere
to happen
temere
to fear
vedere
to see
vendere
to sell
vivere
to live
ricevere
to receive
-Regular IRE verbs
he infinitives of all regular verbs in Italian end in –are, –ere, or –ire and are referred to as first, second, or third conjugation verbs, respectively. In English the infinitive (l'infinito) consists of to + verb.amare to love temere to fear sentire to hearVerbs with infinitives ending in –ire are called third conjugation, or –ire, verbs. The present tense of a regular –ire verb is formed by dropping the infinitive ending –ire and adding the appropriate endings to the resulting stem. There is a different ending for each person.Characteristics of the Third Conjugation• Many –ire verbs add, between the root
and declination, the suffix isc to the first, second, and third person singular and third person plural of the indicative and subjunctive present tense, and to the second and third person singular and third person plural of the present imperative tense:
• finire io finisco• tu finisci• egli finisce
essi finisconoche io finiscache tu finiscache egli finiscache essi finiscanofinisci finisca finiscono
There are two sets of endings for – ire verbs.The first set takes the following endings:- isco- isci- isce- iamo- ite- isconoYou pronounce the second and third ones like “eeshe” and “eeshay”.So the conjugation of finire is:[io] finisco – I finish / am finishing[tu] finisci – you [familiar] finish / are finishing[Lei/lei/lui] finisce – you [formal] / she / he finishes / is finishing[noi] finiamo – we finish / are finishing[voi] finite – you finish / are finishing[loro] finiscono – they finish / are finishing
These endings sound difficult to pronounce but they are not too bad when you get used to them!The stress is on -is and – isc in the first three persons of the verb, on the “a” of the ending in the noi form and the i of the ending in the voi form. It is on –is in the loro form.The other type of – ire verb is easier, with the endings:- o- i- e- iamo- ite- onoSo the conjugation of partire is:[io] parto – I leave / am leaving[tu] parti – you [familiar] leave / are leaving[Lei/lei/lui] parte – you [formal] / she / he leaves / is leaving[noi] partiamo – we leave / are leaving[voi] partite – you leave / are leaving[loro] partono – they leave / are leavingThe stress is on the first syllable in the first three persons of the verb. It is on the a of the ending in the noi form, the i of the ending in the voi form and the first syllable in the loro form.How do you know which set of endings a verb takes? A good dictionary should give you an indication if the verb goes like finire. Other than that, as with everything else, you learn as you go along!
See if you can insert the verb correctly in these sentences.
We have indicated the –isco type of verb.1. Ma [io] non [capire] ________! [like finire]2. Giorgio [Partire] __________ alle tre.3. Oggi loro [pulire] __________ la casa. [like finire]4. Mario [offrire] _________ un caffè a Maria.5. Tu [seguire] _________ il calcio?6. Quando [finire] __________ la lezione?7. Cosa fanno i ragazzi? [Dormire] ___________.8. [Noi] [aprire] __________ la finestra.9. Voi [capire] __________ l’italiano? [like finire]10. Gli uomini [costruire] __________ le case. [like finire]
COMMON THIRD-CONJUGATION VERBSacconsentire to agree, to acquiesceaprire to openassorbire to soakbollire to boilcoprire to covercucire to sewdormire to sleepfuggire to fleementire to liemorire to die
offrire to offerpartire to leaveriaprire to reopenscoprire to discover, to uncoversentire to hear, to feel, to smellseguire to followservire to servesfuggire to escapesoffrire to sufferConjugating regular Italian verbs ending with IRE in the present tenseInfinitive – “…A verb form that functions as a substantive while retaining certain verbal characteristics, such as modification by adverbs, and that in English may be preceded by to, as in To go
willingly is to show strength or We want him to work…” 1
There are three main categories of Italian Verbs known as 1st, 2nd and 3rd conjugation. Here is the most obvious, initial
difference;
1st Conjugation verbs are verbs that end with the letters ARE in the infinitive form.
2nd Conjugation verbs are verbs that end with the letters ERE in the infinitive form.
3rd Conjugation verbs are verbs that end with the letters IRE in the infinitive form.
(These ending are “Infinitive endings”)
To illustrate how to conjugate an IRE verb, I like to use a math equation as an example but first here are the conjugated
endings for IRE verbs;
Subject Pronoun
IoTuLui/LeiNoiVoiLoro
Ending
oieiamoiteono
To conjugate = infinitive verb – infinitive ending = verb stem + conjugated ending = conjugated verb. Example;
Servire (To Serve) - ire = Serv + iamo (ending for we) = Serviamo (We see)
Servire conjugated in the present tense IoTuLui/LeiNoiVoiLoro
ServoServiServeServiamoServiteServono
I serveYou serveHe/She/It servesWe serveY'all serveThey serve
There is one exception with the 3rd conjugation on how it is handled in the present tense for some regular verbs. That is, there are some verbs that you have to insert the letters "ISC"
after the infinitive root and before the present indicative ending for Io, Tu, Lui/Lei and Loro. Therefore, we conjugate these verbs
as follows;
Example; Capire (To Understand) - ire = Cap + isc = capisc + ono (ending for they) = Capiscono (They understand)
Capire conjugated in the present tense IoTuLui/LeiNoiVoi
CapiscoCapisciCapisceCapiamoCapite
I understandYou understandHe/She/It understandsWe understandY'all understand
Loro Capiscono They understand
Italiano II SINTIERI
COMPITI per venerdi’ - domani!
Direct and indirect object pronouns
1. Sentences using the greaty law of position of object pronouns
1. I open the refrigerator.
I open it.
2. I read the letters.
I read them.
3. Do they see me?
No, they don’t see you.
4. They never invite us.
5. Good evening doctor, I’ll see you tomorrow.
6. Mr. and Mrs. Bianca, they are calling you on the phone.
7. Are you looking for the recipe?
Yes, I look for it.
8. Are you looking at the cookbook?
Yes, I’m looking at it.
COMPITI –SEE BELOW!!!!!
Keep reviewing the notes -Sentieri pagine 64-65 Regular –ere verbs
Verbs and PIACERE
Direct object pronounsItalian Language Lessons Italian Direct Object Pronouns
A direct object is the direct recipient of the action of a verb.I invite the boys. Whom do I invite? The boys.He reads the book. What does he read? The book.The nouns boys and books are direct objects. They answer the question what? or whom? Verbs that take a direct object are called transitive verbs. Verbs that do not take a direct object (she walks, I sleep) are intransitive.Direct object pronouns replace direct object nouns.
I invite the boys. I invite them.He reads the book. He reads it.
In Italian the forms of the direct object pronouns (i pronomi diretti) are as follows:
SINGULAR PLURALmi me ci us
ti you (informal) vi you (informal)
La you (formal m. and f.)
Li you (form., m.)
Le you (form., f.)
lo him, it li them (m. and f.)
la her, it le them (f.)
A direct object pronoun is placed immediately before a conjugated verb.
Se vedo i ragazzi, li invito. (If I see the boys, I’ll invite them.)
Compra la frutta e la mangia. (He buys the fruit and eats it.)
In a negative sentence, the word non must come before the object pronoun.
Non la mangia. (He doesn’t eat it.)
Perchè non li inviti? (Why don’t you invite them?)
The object pronoun is attached to the end of an infinitive. Note that the final –e of the infinitive is dropped.
È importante mangiarla ogni giorno. (It is important to eat it every day.)È una buon’idea invitarli. It’s a good idea to invite them.
It is possible, but not necessary, to elide singular direct object pronouns in front of verbs that begin with a vowel or forms of avere that begin with an h. However, the plural forms li and le are never elided.
M’ama, non m’ama. (Mi ama, non mi ama.). (He loves me, he loves me not.)Il passaporto? Loro non l’hanno (lo hanno). (The passport? They don’t have it.)A few Italian verbs that take a direct object, such as ascoltare, aspettare, cercare, and guardare, correspond to English verbs that are used with prepositions (to listen to to wait for, to look for, to look at).
Chi cerchi? – Cerco il mio ragazzo. Lo cerco già da mezz’ora!(Who are you looking for? – I’m looking for my boyfriend. I’ve been looking for him for half an hour!)
Object pronouns are attached to ecco to express here I am, here you are, here he is, and so on.
Dov’è la signorina? – Eccola! (Where is the young woman? – Here she is!)
Hai trovato le chiavi? – Sì, eccole! (Have you found the keys? – Yes, here they are!)
Direct object nouns and pronouns answer the question what? or whom? Indirect object nouns and pronouns answer the question to whom? or for whom?
In English the word to is often omitted: We gave a cookbook to Uncle John.—We gave Uncle John a cookbook. In Italian, the preposition a is always used before an indirect object noun.
Abbiamo regalato un libro di cucina allo zio Giovanni. (We gave a cookbook to Uncle John.)
Perché non regali un profumo alla mamma? (Why don’t you give Mother some perfume?)
Puoi spiegare questa ricetta a Paolo? (Can you explain this recipe to Paul?)
Indirect object pronouns (i pronomi indiretti) replace indirect
object nouns. They are identical in form to direct object pronouns, except for the third person forms gli, le, and loro.
SINGULAR PLURALmi (to/for) me ci (to/for) usti (to/for) you vi (to/for) youLe (to/for) you (formal m. and f.)
Loro (to/for) you (form., m. and f.)
gli (to/for) him loro (to/for) themle (to/for) her
Indirect object pronouns, like direct object pronouns, precede a conjugated verb, except for loro and Loro, which follow the verb.
Le ho dato tre ricette. (I gave her three recipes.)
Ci offrono un caffè. (They offer us a cup of coffee.)
Parliamo loro domani. (We’ll talk to them tomorrow.)
Che cosa regali allo zio Giovanni? (What are you giving Uncle John?)Gli regalo un libro di cucina. (I'll give him a cookbook.)
Indirect object pronouns are attached to an infinitive, and the –e of the infinitive is dropped.
Non ho tempo di parlargli. (I have no time to talk to him.)
If the infinitive is preceded by a form of dovere, potere, or volere, the indirect object pronoun is either attached to the infinitive (after the –e is dropped) or placed before the conjugated verb.
Voglio parlargli. Gli voglio parlare. I want to talk to him.
Italian indirect pronoun and Italian verb “piacere”Italian indirect object pronoun.All type of pronoun, a little word used instead of a noun, in Italian take mostly the place before the verb, but with the modal or “servili” verbs it is possible to place them also after the verb in the infinitive e.g. Can you help me? = Puoi aiutarmi? or Mi puoi aiutare? And also Can I speak to her? = Posso parlarle? Or Le posso parlare?Pronomi indiretti > The indirect pronoun ( when the Italian verb uses “a” = “to” after):
Mi = a me To me
Ti = a te To you
Gli = a lui To him
Le = a lei To her
Ci = a noi To us
Vi = a voi To you
Gli = a loro To them
.There are some typical Italian verbs that used the indirect pronoun:Parlare aScrivere aDire aTelefonare aPiacere aBastare aServire aEsempi: Quando mi telefoni? Ti telefono domani = When will you phone me? I’ll phone you tomorrow (Attention: In Italian we use present tense, not future tense!) Quando telefoni a Paola? Le telefono oggi = When will you telephone Paola? I’ll phone her today E tu ? Quando scrivi a tuo padre? Gli scrivo subito = And you? When will you write to your father? I’ll write to him immediately.
Il verbo piacere
Mind: the Italian verb “Piacere” (= to like) is mostly used in the 3rd person singular or plural (= piace when is referred to a singular noun or to a verb in infinitive; piacciono when the noun is plural) and the person who has the feeling is expressed by a pronoun: the indirect object pronoun E.g.
Mi Piace + sing. noun Mi Piacciono + pl. noun
Ti Piace + sing. noun Ti Piacciono + pl. noun
Gli / Le Piace + sing. noun Gli / Le Piacciono + pl. noun
Ci Piace + sing. noun Ci Piacciono + pl. noun
Vi Piace + sing. noun Vi Piacciono + pl. noun
Gli Piace + sing. noun Gli Piacciono + pl. noun
So:
Ti ( = you singular) piace la pasta? Do you like pasta (singular noun)?
Sì, mi piace molto Yes, I like it very much
Vi (= you plural) piace la pasta? Do you like pasta?
Sì, ci piace molto Yes, we like it very much
Ti ( = you singular) piacciono gli spaghetti? Do you like spaghetti (spaghetti is a plural noun)?
Sì, mi piacciono Yes, I like spaghetti
Vi (= you plural) piacciono gli spaghetti? Do you like spaghetti?
Sì ci piacciono Yes, we like spaghetti
And also: Ti piace la montagna? No, non mi piace, preferisco il mare (=the sea or the seaside). Ti piace l’opera? Sì, mi piace, ma preferisco il
balletto Ti piacciono gli orologi di Bulgari? Sì, (mi piacciono), ma per me sono troppo costosi (= too expensive) Ti piacciono le uova (= eggs)? No, non mi piaccionoThere are other 2 important verbs that we use like “Piacere” in the 3rd person + indirect pronoun:• The verb “servire” (= to need/ to be of use) e.g. Ti serve nulla/qualcosa?
= Is there anything you need?• The verb “ bastare” (= to be enough) e.g. Ti basta questo vino? = It’s
enough this wine for you?look out for• The verb “mancare” (=to miss/to lack) e.g. Mi manchi! = I miss you! but
Mi manca il coraggio = I lack courageNow do the exercise
Piacere from SENTIERI TEXTBOOK pagina 65!
Indirect object + verb + subject. Not your usual sentence structure, but in the case of piacere (to please, to like) that's the way it works in Italian, and here's why: In English, you say that A likes B. In Italian, though, the same meaning is understood in different terms: B pleases A. Here are some examples:
Agli italiani piace il calcio. (Italians like soccer. Literally: Soccer is pleasing to Italians.)
Ai professori piace insegnare. (Professors like teaching. Literally: Teaching is pleasing to professors.)
Mi piacciono le carote. (I like carrots. Literally: Carrots are pleasing to me.)
Note that in these examples, piacere is conjugated to match the subject of the sentence; in the first example, agli italiani piace il calcio, piacere is conjugated in the third person singular form, to match with calcio (soccer) and not with agli italiani (all Italians).
Other verbs that follow this construction of inversion and behave similarly to piacere are listed below.
VERBS THAT ACT LIKE PIACEREbastare—to be sufficient, to sufficedispiacere—to displease, to upsetmancare—to be lacking, to missoccorrere—to require, to needservire—to serve, to be of use
Italian indirect pronoun and Italian verb “piacere”Italian indirect object pronoun.All type of pronoun, a little word used instead of a noun, in Italian take mostly the place before the verb, but with the modal or “servili” verbs it is possible to place them also after the verb in the infinitive e.g. Can you help me? = Puoi aiutarmi? or Mi puoi aiutare? And also Can I speak to her? = Posso parlarle? Or Le posso parlare?Pronomi indiretti > The indirect pronoun ( when the Italian verb uses “a” = “to” after):
Mi = a me To me
Ti = a te To you
Gli = a lui To him
Le = a lei To her
Ci = a noi To us
Vi = a voi To you
Gli = a loro To them
.There are some typical Italian verbs that used the indirect pronoun:
Parlare aScrivere aDire aTelefonare aPiacere aBastare aServire a
Esempi: Quando mi telefoni? Ti telefono domani = When will you phone me? I’ll phone you tomorrow (Attention: In Italian we use present tense, not future tense!)
Quando telefoni a Paola? Le telefono oggi = When will you telephone Paola? I’ll phone her today E tu ?
Quando scrivi a tuo padre? Gli scrivo subito = And you? When will you write to your father? I’ll write to him immediately.
Il verbo piacereMind: the Italian verb “Piacere” (= to like) is mostly used in the 3rd person singular or plural (= piace when is referred to a singular noun or to a verb in infinitive; piacciono when the noun is plural) and the person who has the feeling is expressed by a pronoun: the indirect object pronoun E.g.
Mi Piace + sing. noun Mi Piacciono + pl. noun
Ti Piace + sing. noun Ti Piacciono + pl. noun
Gli / Le Piace + sing. noun Gli / Le Piacciono + pl. noun
Ci Piace + sing. noun Ci Piacciono + pl. noun
Vi Piace + sing. noun Vi Piacciono + pl. noun
Gli Piace + sing. noun Gli Piacciono + pl. noun
So:
Ti ( = you singular) piace la pasta? Do you like pasta (singular noun)?
Sì, mi piace molto Yes, I like it very much
Vi (= you plural) piace la pasta? Do you like pasta?
Sì, ci piace molto Yes, we like it very much
Ti ( = you singular) piacciono gli spaghetti? Do you like spaghetti (spaghetti is a plural noun)?
Sì, mi piacciono Yes, I like spaghetti
Vi (= you plural) piacciono gli spaghetti? Do you like spaghetti?
Sì ci piacciono Yes, we like spaghetti
And also: Ti piace la montagna? No, non mi piace, preferisco il mare (=the sea or the seaside).
Ti piace l’opera? Sì, mi piace, ma preferisco il balletto.
Ti piacciono gli orologi di Bulgari? Sì, (mi piacciono), ma per me sono troppo costosi (= too expensive)
Ti piacciono le uova (= eggs)? No, non mi piacciono
There are other 2 important verbs that we use like “Piacere” in the 3rd person + indirect pronoun:
• The verb “servire” (= to need/ to be of use) e.g. Ti serve nulla/qualcosa? = Is there anything you need?
• The verb “ bastare” (= to be enough) e.g. Ti basta questo vino? = It’s enough this wine for you?
look out for• The verb “mancare” (=to
miss/to lack) e.g. Mi manchi! = I miss you! but Mi manca il coraggio = I lack courage
Completa con gli elementi mancanti:
Maria, (piacere) ___ piace la pasta al pesto?Sì, ___ ______ molto.
Ragazzi, (piacere) ___ piacciono gli spaghetti aglio, olio e peperoncino?
No, non ___ ______!
Luca, (piacere) ___ ______ i pocket coffee?Sì, ___ ______ da morire (= tantissimo)!
Scusa Monica, sai se a Elena oggi (servire) ______ la macchina?Sicuramente non ___ _______ : deve rimanere a casa tutto il giorno
Perché Paolo è triste?
(mancare) ___ ______ la sua famiglia
Mamma, mi dai i soldi per ricaricare il cellulare?Va bene, (bastare) ___ ______ 20 euro?
Hai trovato i soldi per comprare il motorino?
No, (mancare) ___ ______ ancora 150 euro
Luisa guadagna tantissimo, eppure i soldi non (bastare) ___ ______ mai , così li chiede sempre ai genitori. (sembrare a me) ___ ______ assurdo!
• I like it - Mi piace• It's very important to be able
to say what you like and what you don't like. In English, “to like” is an active verb, as in “I like strawberries.” Italians use the verb piacere (to be pleasing) to say they like something. But attenzione! In Italian it gets turned around like this:
• I like snow. (To me snow is pleasing.)
Mi piace la neve.
"Snow" is singular, so piace is singular. If what we like is in
the plural, like "strawberries," piacere will get conjugated in the plural (in this case, third person plural). Mi piacciono queste fragole.To me these strawberries are pleasing [I like these strawberries.]
This can all be very confusing for new Italian speakers, but if you think about the fact that when you like something, it’s pleasing to you, it will make more sense.
So "I like" becomes mi piace. In her lesson on mi piace Daniela explains that mi (to me) is really just a contraction of a me (to me). A me is used when we want to
emphasize the person, as opposed to the object the person likes, as in this hit song by Nina
A me piace così -A me piace così
I like it like that. -I like it like that
Remember that mi is an indirect object meaning "to me." Whatever or whoever is doing the pleasing (for example, strawberries) on the other hand, becomes the subject of the sentence (and governs the conjugation of piacere).
You may hear Italians say: a me mi piace. Now that you know that mi is short for a me, you may sense that it's wrong because it's a repetition. In fact, it's bad grammar. Still, people say it because it emphasizes just about everything in the sentence. It's sort of like saying, "Me, I like it."
So, what if I want to tell a person I like him or her?
Mi piaci.
You please me. [I like you.]
Although mi piaci or mi piace can just refer to liking someone in general, more often than not, it’s about finding the other person attractive. To say that someone is generally likable or agreeable without alluding to their attractiveness, Italian uses a word that doesn’t have a direct English equivalent:
simpatico (agreeable, likable).
If you say mi sei simpatico or, as is more common in the south, mi stai simpatico (you're agreeable to me, you’re likable to me), you’re essentially telling the person you like him!
It’s safer than mi piaci in many situations.
Let’s take an example from our favorite commissioner, Manara. He’s convinced his new colleagues don’t like him, but there’s a job to do. Sentite, che io non vi sto simpatico l'ho capito
perfettamente, però, abbiamo un caso molto complicato da risolvere.
Listen, I understand perfectly that you don't like me, however, we've got a very complicated case to solve.
In a nutshell: In English the person doing the liking is the subject, and the thing or person one likes is the object. In Italian the person or thing that pleases is the subject, and the person who does the liking, or who’s pleased, is the object!
Look around you and see what you like and what you don’t like. Saying it out out loud in Italian will give you practice conjugating the verb piacere. Remember that when you don’t like something, just put non in front of mi: Non mi piace questo vino.
AVERE
AVERE bisogno di + infinitive
They need to leave at 5:00 tomorrow.Hanno bisogno di partire alle cinque domani.
I am cold, I need a jacket.Ho freddo, ho bisogno di una giacca.
I understand the question and I am right.Io capisco la domanda e ho ragione.
I am hungry and I need to eat right now.Io ho fame e ho bisogno di mangiare adessoin subito.
How old are you?
I am 75 years old today! Quanti anni hai?
Io ho settantacinque anni oggi.
I am very tired. I need to go to bed!
Io ho sonno. Ho bisogno di andare a letto!
I want to take a bath and then go to bed because I am very sleepy.
Io voglio fare il bagno e poi vado a letto perche ho sonno.
Basics on idioms With FARE
An idiom is an expression that cannot be translated litteraly from English to Italian or vice versa. For example the expression "faccio il biglietto" litteraly translated from Italian to English would read: "I do the ticket". However, what the person is really trying to say is: I am buying a ticket. I Do the ticket makes no sense in English!
Below are some common idioms with the verb "fare" which means to do or make.
fare i compiti to do one's homework
fare il biglietto to purchase a ticket
fare la fila / la coda stand in line/wait in line
fare la spesa to go grocery shopping
fare le spese to go shopping mall
fare vedere to show someone something
fare una domanda to ask a question
fare una fotografia to take a picture
fare una passeggiata to take a walk
fare colazione to have breakfast
fare un viaggio to take a trip
fare un capello in quattro to split hairs
farsi la barba to shave
farsi coraggio to take heart
fare castelli in aria to daydream
fare fingere to pretend, make believe
fare male to be painful, to ache
fare di tutto to do everything possible
fare del proprio meglio to do one's best
farsi degli amici to make friends
fare alla romana to split the check
fare il pieno to fill up the gas tank
fare passare to let through
Once you know these expressions, all you have to do is conjugate the verb "fare" and then write the rest of the expression and now you have an idiom!
Here is the conjugation of "fare" :
Faccio = I makeFai = You (singular) make Fa = He/She makesFacciamo = We make Fate = You (plural) makeFanno = (all of) YOU make / They make
Let's say I wanted to express the following in Italian:
"we wait in line",I find my expression "to wait in line" which is "fare la fila."
Now I go to the "we" form of fare which is "facciamo." Then I add the rest of the phrase which is "la fila". You put it together and get" Facciamo la fila = We wait in line.
Now you try:
I do my homework =
We pretend =
They take a trip =
You (singular) have breakfast =
He goes shopping =
Fare is also used in many expressions relating to the weather (note that in the following translations, "it" is an impersonal subject and does not have an equivalent in Italian):
Che tempo fa? (How is the weather?)
Fa bel tempo. (The weather is nice.)
Fa cattivo tempo. (The weather is bad.)
Ha fatto caldo. (It has been warm.)
Qui fa sempre freddo. (It's always cold here.)
In primavera fa sempre fresco. (In spring it's always cool.)
Besides idiomatic expressions, and expressions relating to the weather, the verb fare is used in a number of proverbs:
Fare e disfare è tutt'un lavorare. (It's all go, it's a hard life.)Chi la fa l'aspetti.
(You will get as good as you gave.)
Chi fa da sé fa per tre. (If you want something done, do it yourself.)
Non fare agli altri ciò che non vorresti fosse fatto a te. (Do as you would be done by.)
Tutto fa brodo. (Every little bit helps.)
Chi non sa fare, non sa comandare. (A bad worker is a bad master.)
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS WITH FAREfare i compiti to do one's homeworkfare il biglietto to purchase a ticketfare la fila / la coda stand in line / wait in linefare la spesa to go grocery shoppingfare le spese to go shoppingfare vedere to show someone somethingfare una domanda to ask a questionfare una fotografia to take a picturefare una passeggiata to take a walkfare colazione to have breakfastfare un viaggio to take a trip
fare un capello in quattro to split hairsfarsi la barba to shavefarsi coraggio to take heartfare castelli in aria to daydreamfare fingere to pretend, make believefare male to be painful, to achefarsi in la to step to one sidefare di tutto to do everything possiblefare del proprio meglio to do one's bestfarsi degli amici to make friendsfare alla romana to split the checkfare il pieno to fill up the gas tankfare passare to let through
Questions | AnswersFare and Idiomatic ExpressionsA. Complete the following statements with the appropriate idiomatic expression.
fare il biglietto fare una gita
fare il viaggio fare un pezzo di strada
fare dello sport fare da mangiare
fare colazione fare la spesa
fare le spese fare la coda
fare a metà fare a pezzi
fare il pieno fare una domanda
fare presto/fare tardi fare la valigia
fare vedere qualcosa a qualcuno
PRATICA:
fare una visita
• Oggi vado a ________ in campagna.
• La tua casa è molto lontana, prima ho preso l'autobus e poi ________ a piedi.
• Per mantenersi in forma e in buona salute è bene ________.FARE COSE DA FCARE
• C'è molta gente allo sportello dei biglietti, devi ________ per una mezz'oretta
•• Ogni mattina, prima di uscire, io ________ con la mia famiglia.
• Prendo il treno dell 12,40 per Milano e devo ancora ________.
• Oggi vado in centro a ________, devo comprare diverse cose.
• Maria va al mercato ogni mattina e ________, dopo torna a casa e ________ per tutta la famiglia.
• Il serbatoio della macchina è vuoto, se voglio partire devo ________ al distributore.
• Ho comprato un dolce, posso ________ con te se lo vuoi.
• Oggi tu ________ al tuo amico che è ammalato.
Qui ci sono le risposti
• Oggi vado a fare una gita in campagna.
• La tua casa è molto lontana, prima ho preso l'autobus e poi ho fatto un pezzo di strada a piedi.
• Per mantenersi in forma e in buona salute è bene fare dello sport.
• C'è molta gente allo sportello dei biglietti, devi fare la coda per una mezz'oretta.
• Ogni mattina, prima di uscire, io faccio colazione con la mia famiglia.
• Prendo il treno dell 12,40 per Milano e devo ancora fare la valigia.
• Oggi vado in centro a fare le spese, devo comprare diverse cose.
• Maria va al mercato ogni mattina e fa la spesa, dopo torna a casa e fa da mangiare per tutta la famiglia.
• Il serbatoio della macchina è vuoto, se voglio partire devo fare il pieno al distributore.
• Ho comprato un dolce, posso fare a metà con te se lo vuoi.
• Oggi tu fai una visita al tuo amico che è ammalato.
COMMON WEATHER EXPRESSIONS Com'è il tempo? = What's the weather like?Soleggiato = sunnyVentoso = windyVento = windTemporale = thunderstormGiornate fresche = cool daysMite = mildFoschia = mistBrina = white frostBrezza, venticello = breezeSi muore dal caldo qui dentro! = It's way too hot in here!Afoso = muggy (humid)Appiccicoso = stickyLampo = lightningUmido = humid
Hot = caldoSole splendente = bright sunshineBrezza rinfrescante = cooling breezeTromba d'aria = tornadoGrandine = hailstoneCaldo = heat, hot (in summer, hot or very warm means more than seven degrees Celsius above normal temperatures).Bassa pressione = low pressureUragano = hurricaneCiclone = cyclone, typhoon (if in a tropical area)Velocità del vento = wind speedSabbia = sandPrecipitazioni = precipitation (the falling to earth of any form of water, ie. rain, snow, hail, sleet or mist)Visibilità = visibilityTramonto = sunsetAlba = dawnCielo sereno = clear sky (virtually cloud- free)Buona visibilità = good visibilityRaffica di vento = gustIndice di calore = heat index (an index that combines air temperature and humidity to give an apparent temperature, ie. how hot it feels).Ondata di calore = heat wave (a period of abnormally hot weather lasting several days.)Arcobaleno = rainbowSiccità = drought (a shortage of rainfall)Brezza di mare = sea breezePiogge scarse = scattered showersTurbolenza = turbulence
WEATHER IN ITALIAN
Il tempo (weather) is particularly important for the Italians, it is a central element of their life, influences their mood and their daily activities. Italy is well known to be the country of the sole (sun), Italy’s climate is seasonal and varied from north to south because of its conformation and long shape of a boot.Let’s get started with our lesson:
- Quali sono le previsioni del tempo per oggi? What’s the weather forecast for today?
-- Com’è il tempo? How’s the weather?-
- Che tempo fa? What’s the weather like?
-There are a lot of possible answers to that question. Here are the most common…Fa caldo. It’s warm.
Fa freddo. It’s cold.
È ventoso. It’s windy
È burrascoso. It’s stormy.
Fa caldo. It’s hot.
È soleggiato. It’s sunny.
È sereno. It’s clear.
È nuvoloso. It’s cloudy.
È piacevole. It’s nice.
È freddissimo. It’s icy.
E’ umido. It’s humid.
You can use the word “molto” (very) for all of the above phrases to emphasize that it’s not just cold or warm, but very cold or very warm (fa molto freddo, fa molto caldo)
When talking about rain or snow you can use the following expressions…
sta piovendo or piove. It’s raining.
Sta nevicando. It’s snowing o nevThe following are expressions to talk more generally about the weather conditions…Fa cattivo tempo. It’s miserable weather.
Fa/È bel tempo. It’s good weather.
Fa/È brutto tempo. It’s bad weather.
Other useful words…
L’arcobaleno The rainbow
La grandine The hail
La pioggia The rain
Il tuono The thunder
Il temporale The thunderstorm
Il lampo The lightning
Il terremoto The earthquake
La tempesta The storm
L’uragano The hurricane
La temperatura The temperature
La nebbia The fog
L’inondazione The flood
Il ghiaccio The ice
La neve The snow
Il fiocco di neve The snowflake
La nuvola The cloud
Il vento The wind
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MY PICS OF ITALY
Wheather
W hat's the weather like?It's hot Fa caldoIt's cold Fa freddoIt's a nice day Fa bel tempoIt's cloudy È nuvolosoIt's freezing È gelido
It's w
C'è ventoIt's rainy È piovoso
What's the weather like?
It's hot Fa caldoIt's cold Fa freddoIt's a nice day Fa bel tzing
1. Non Ci Sono le Opere oggi per fare questa lezione2. Tutto il lavoro con le pagine qui:
3. Provini I
1. Andare a cavallo2. Pescare3. Il Pallone4. Il campo5. Il campeggio6. L’arbitro7. Il premio8. Fare un giro9. Imparare10. Viaggiare
1. soccer player 2. to live (in)3. to pay attention4. to do / to make
5. to desire 6. to arrive 7. squisito8. all’inizio9. giocare al calcio10. to walk in the park
PROVINO II
A
1. we study2. They play3. To listen to….4. Fare il bagno…5. Fare una domanda6. Overcast7. Windy8. Rain9. Its cold out10. Its hot out
B
1. Tifare2. pagare3. frequentare4. To go food shopping5. To ask a question6. Lightning7. Snow8. It is raining9. Hello10. birthday
4. SIENTERI textbook Capitolo 2
The following pages are important for vocabulary and grammar
Sientieri pagina 40
Andare a cavalloAndare al cinemaAndare in biciclettaAscoltare la musicaBallareCantare
Guardare la tivu/TV Nuotare Pescare Suonare la batteria Suonare la chittara Suonare il piano (pianoforte) Lo sportL’atleticaIl campeggioIl campoIl ciclismoLa danza classicaIl footboll americanoLe freccetteIl nuotoLa palestraLa pallavolloLo sciLo stadio
Espressione Utili pagina 45Che cosa ti piace fare?
Penso di Penso di studiare la storia.
Io vado a un spettacoloNow:
A me piace giocare ……. Vs
Mi piace giocare……………. A me/ mi piace
( a me/ a te/ a lei … a noi a voi a loro)-dysjunctive pronounsPronouns issue:
Direct objects answer the question (WHOM?)WHO? Or WHAT”
Jon throws the ball.
Jon throws the ball.
Subject Verb Direct ObjectProper noun
He throws the ball.
He throws it.Subject pronoun verb Direct Object PRONOUN
A pronoun takes the place of a noun
Direct objects MeYou Him/her/it
UsYou all(all of) you formalthem
A direct object is the direct recipient of the action of a verb.I invite the boys. Whom do I invite? The boys.
He reads the book. What does he read? The book.
The nouns boys and books are direct objects. They answer the question what? or whom? Verbs that take a direct object are called transitive verbs. Verbs that do not take a direct object (she walks, I sleep) are intransitive.
Direct object pronouns replace direct object nouns.I invite the boys. I invite them.He reads the book. He reads it.In Italian the forms of the direct object pronouns (i pronomi diretti) are as follows:
DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
mi me ci us
ti you (informal) vi you (informal)
La you (formal m. and f.)
Li you (form., m.)
Le you (form., f.)
lo him, it li them (m. and f.)
la her, it le them (f.)A direct object pronoun is placed immediately before a conjugated verb.
Note direct and indirect object pronouns come (are placed) before the verbs (usually) in Italian
Se vedo i ragazzi, li invito.
(If I see the boys, I’ll invite them.)
Compra la frutta e la mangia. (He buys the fruit and eats it.)
In a negative sentence, the word non must come before the object pronoun.
Non la mangia. (He doesn’t eat it.)Perchè non li inviti? (Why don’t you invite them?)
Dysjunctive pronouns: A me piace giocare …….
Italian Indirect VersionDirect object nouns and pronouns answer the question what? or whom? Indirect object nouns and pronouns
answer the question to whom? or for whom? In English the word to is often omitted: We gave a cookbook to Uncle John.—We gave Uncle John a cookbook. In Italian, the preposition a is always used before an indirect object noun.
Abbiamo regalato un libro di cucina allo zio Giovanni. (We gave a cookbook to Uncle John.)
Perché non regali un profumo alla mamma? (Why don’t you give Mother some perfume?)
Puoi spiegare questa ricetta a Paolo? (Can you explain this recipe to Paul?)
Indirect object pronouns (i pronomi indiretti) replace indirect object nouns.
Key word is TO
INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS:To:]They are identical in form to direct object pronouns, except for the third person forms gli, le, and loro.
SINGULAR PLURALmi (to/for) to me ci (to/for) to us
ti (to/for) to you vi (to/for) to you all
Le (to/for) to you (formal m. and f.)
Loro (to/for) to you (form., m. and f.) To (ALL OF) you
gli (to/for)to him loro (to/for) to them
le (to/for) to herIndirect object pronouns, like direct object pronouns, precede a conjugated verb, except for loro and Loro, which follow the verb.
Le Ho dato tre ricette. (I gave her three recipes.)Ci offrono un caffè. (They offer us a cup of coffee.)Parliamo loro domani. (We’ll talk to them tomorrow.)Che cosa regali allo zio Giovanni? (What are you giving Uncle John?)
Gli regalo un libro di cucina. (I'll give him a cookbook.)Indirect object pronouns are attached to an infinitive, and the –e of the infinitive is dropped.
Non ho tempo di parlargli. (I have no time to talk to him.)If the infinitive is preceded by a form of dovere, potere, or volere, the indirect object pronoun is either attached to the infinitive (after the –e is dropped) or placed before the conjugated verb.
Voglio parlargli. Gli voglio parlare. I want to talk to him.
The POSITION LAW of OBJECT PRONOUNS
Voglio parlargli. Gli voglio parlare. I want to talk to him.Voglio parlargli. Gli voglio parlare. I want to talk to him.
Object pronouns come before conjugated verbs
OR
The follow the infinitives and are attached!!Ti piacciono I film? Si’, mi piacciono molto!
…A NOTE ABOUT DYSJUNCTIVE PRONOUNS below! I Pronomi Tonici
ITALIAN DISJUNCTIVE OR "STRESSED" PRONOUNS: I PRONOMI TONICI
We learned the direct and indirect object pronouns - mi, ti, lo, la, gli, le, etc. Unlike English, Italian has another version of these which you use after a preposition or verb, often for greater emphasis (hence the name "stressed pronouns").
First we'll learn what these pronouns are, then we'll see how to use them.
Dysjunctive Pronouns / also called: Stressed Pronounsa me (me)a te (you)a Lei (you formal)a lui (him)a lei (her)a sé (yourself, himself, herself, oneself - reflexive)
a noi (us)a voi (you plural)a Loro (you plural formal)a loro (them)a sé (yourselves, themselves - also reflexive)
So they look like a hybrid of direct or indirect object pronouns and subject pronouns.
But take note: although Lei, lui, lei, noi, voi and loro look like subject pronouns, when used disjunctively and they are not subjects!So how are they used?
Mi piace = I like it (It is pleasing to me)
A me piace= I (Really!) like it! Stressed/Emphatic
Io ti vedo= I see you
But VEDO TE = I SEE YOU!!!!! Stresed/Emphatic
Gli parlo. I am speaking to him.Parlo a lui, non a Te!
I am speaking to him, NOT TO YOU!
Stressed/Emphatic
Back to ESPRESSIONI UTILI
Io adoro = I love…Io adoro la pallavolo!
Fare la spesa
FARE LA SPESA!
________________________________________________
Fare le spese!
FARE LE SPESE
FARE LO SHOPPING!!!
Fare le spese
FARE LO SHOPPING
Studiate!!!Work in home journalMini-lezioneSummarize lesson todayBuona Fortuna!!!In Bocca al Lupo!!!
wolf
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in bocca al lupo!!!!!!!!!!