초광대역시대의 진정한 ip+optical 융합기술 100g ipodwdm€¦ · cisco offers market...

© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 1 1 © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Seoul, Korea

김 정 훈 ([email protected])

Cisco Systems Korea

초광대역시대의

진정한 IP+Optical 융합기술:

100G IPoDWDM

© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 2 2 © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Agenda

Why 100G?

100G 표준 및 기술

100G IPoDWDM 소개

100G 도입방법 및 사례

맺음말

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Connect 3

Why 100G?

Cisco Connect Korea 2013

Why 100G?

“100GE Deployment Drivers”

Key Applications: - Mobility - Residential Triple Play - Business Services - Advanced Video Services - Data Center Interconnect

Resilient “Carrier Class” 100GE end-to-end solution across Edge, Optical Transport, Core, Data Center

Benefits include: - Simplifies network - Alleviates bottlenecks - Supercharge bandwidth - Reduces TCO

Lower CapEx and OpEx with improved TCO

Future proof the network to accommodate growth

Cisco offers market leading 100GE end-to-end solution

Market inflection point from Nx10GE to 100GE on

the rise

100GE demand is gaining momentum


Why 100G?

10G has become the dominant interface over the past decade

Transport evolving from SONET to IP / Ethernet over DWDM

40/80 wavelength DWDM systems are reaching capacity

But, Nobody is willing to pay for a fatter pipe.

<Ethernet Speed History> <Bandwidth Projection>


IP + Optical Driver • Scale the network while…

• Decreasing the total cost of ownership (TCO) Increasing Service Velocity

Collapse Layers – reduce devices, space, power & OpEx

Enhancing resiliency

Simplifying operations


IP + Optical Driver : TCO accomplished via...

Automation

implemented in a...

Control Plane

enabled by an...

Intelligent, Touchless Optical Layer

made possible by...

Software Integration

and

Hardware Integration

Provisioning, Restoration

Maintenance, Optimization

GMPLS / nLight CP

WSON, nLight ROADM

Virtualized Management

IP-over-DWDM


100G 표준 및 기술


표준기관


100G 표준

Transport Networks Layer 1/0 interoperability

IEEE OIF

ITU IEEE OIF

Client Interfaces Layer 2/1 interoperability

Hardware Vendors Component Interoperability,

Commonality

ITU Study Group 15: Optical and Transport Networks

OTU4 frame format

Single mapping for 40GE/100GE into OTU3/OTU4

OTL protocol enabling OTU3/4 over multi-lane (low cost) optics

OIF: 100G Long-distance DWDM Transmission

Industry consolidation around a single 100G DWDM solution (MSA)

DP-QPSK Modulation is agreed

IEEE 802.3ba: 40Gb/s and 100Gb/s Ethernet Working Group

40G and 100G Ethernet for Physical interface for Backplane, Copper, Fiber

100Gbase-LR4, 100Gbase-ER4, 100Gbase-SR10


DWDM 구성

Transponders DWDM Multiplexer

Optical Amplifiers

Optical Add/Drop

Receive Transponders

DWDM Demultiplexer

ITU-T Transmitters

OADM OA 10GE TXP

10G POS TXP

10GE

10G POS

10GE

10G POS

10GE TXP

10G POS TXP

Non-ITU compliant wavelengths

10GE 10GE TXP

10GE 10GE TXP

1 1 1 0 +

- V

1 1 1 0 +

- V

l4drop


Optical Impairment


Optical Impairment

Attenuation

EDFA’s can help overcome attenuation, applied per span, but add noise

…Hybrid Raman/EDFA amplification can overcome attenuation with minimal noise

Chromatic Dispersion

DCU’s can help mitigate dispersion problems, applied per span, but add cost, latency & loss

…Now compensated for in Digital Signal Processing via Coherent Detection

Polarization Mode Dispersion

Generally have to live with it. Regenerate signal when required.

…Now compensated for in Digital Signal Processing via Coherent Detection

OSNR

Nothing can overcome losses in OSNR! Must regenerate!

…But advanced Forward Error Correction can lower OSNR requirements


Improve OSNR by FEC

• FEC (Forward Error Correction)

extends reach and

design flexibility, at “silicon cost”

• G.709 standard improves

OSNR tolerance by 6.2 dB

(at 10–15 BER)

• Offers intrinsic performance monitoring (error statistics)

• Higher gains (8.4dB) possible by enhanced FEC (with same G.709

overhead)


100G DWDM (OIF) • 기존 10G기반 전송망에 100G 도입시 다수의 고려사항 발생

• 요구사항

기존 ITU-T 파장 및 spacing(50Ghz/100Ghz)안에서 전송 필요

• 문제점

기존 NRZ 방식 사용시 (200Ghz)이상 spacing 필요

현재 100G 단일 신호에 대한 광신호 구현 어려움

• 해결방안 : Modulation를 사용하여 전송rate(baud)를 완화

• 요구사항 : 100G 전송시 기존 전송로를 사용 가능해야함

• 문제점 : 높은 전송로 품질 필요 (CD, PMD, non-linear effects)

• 해결방안 : Coherent Detection 기술을 통해 전송로 품질 보상


100G DWDM

Lesson from 40G (OIF)

40G (OC768 POS)

Multiple Mod schemes - ODB, CS-RZ, DPSK, DQPSK, PM-QPSK, etc…

Riding technology curve can be painful

Very Fragmented supply base. No economies of scale. High Cost.

100G

OIF initiative drove industry consolidation around PM-QPSK

Much healthier supply chain. Multiple suppliers for key optical components

Should result in faster introduction and price erosion than seen at 40G

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

90o

Hybrid

Rx Optics

Due to OIF

Single sourced suppliers Multiple suppliers (5-6)


100G DWDM

DP (Dual Polarization)

• 빛의 편광 성질을 이용하여 수평, 수직축에 data를 전송

• 100G를 단일 파장에 50G씩 전송가능

DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase shift Keying)

• 한개의 symbol이 하나의 waveform을 형성

• 1개 waveform은 2 bit의 data를 실을 수 있어 전송효율을 2배로 높힘

• 100G의 경우, 앞에서 50G로 나누었으므로 초당 symbol rate를 25G baud로 낮출 수 있음

(10G NRZ ->10G baud rate)

Modulation 표준 도입

Dual Polarization DQPSK를 통해 50Ghz spacing 가능


100G DWDM

Coherent Detection 도입

광특성으로 인한 보상(CD, PMD)을 기존 물리적으로 하던 방식을 광수신부에서

DSP(Digital Signal Processing)으로 처리

DSP로 인한 보상효율성 증가로 기존 DCU / Regenerator 불필요

광수신부에 DSP처리를 위한 별도 칩셋 필요

•


100G DWDM

Coherent Detection 도입

기존 10G

100G Coherent

CD Robustness

PMD Robustness

800

70,000

10

100

>2500 km

2500 km

Network Reach


100G DWDM

Challenge

100G 전송장비간 호환가능?


Beyond 100G

향후 100G이상 솔루션에 Modulation 방법 도입


IEEE 802.3Ba Client

Standard specifies reach and cabling of client physical interfaces

• Issue of implementation

• → Requires wide bus widths and fast i/o serdes

• Multi-l packaging technology

• experienced from LX4 technology

• Parallel Lane 형태로 구성


IEEE 802.3Ba Client

100GBASE-LR4

Line Coding X=8B/10B coding

R=64B/66B coding

Modulation BASE = Baseband

No digital modulation

Rate

10

100

1000

10G

40G

100G

Medium T - twisted-pair cable (e.g. Cat5)

K - copper backplane

C - balanced copper cable (twinax)

F - optical cable

B - uses two wavelengths over a single optical cable

S - short-range multi-mode fiber (less than 100 m)

L - long-range single-mode cable (up to 10 km)

E - extended-range single-mode cable (up to 40 km)

Z - long-range single-mode cable (up to 80km)

Data Lanes 1 – omitted

4, 10, etc…


IEEE 802.3Ba Client Short Reach - 100GBASE-SR10

One 24 fiber-cable, MPO connector

20 active fibers (10-TX, 10-RX)

10 Gb/s per fiber

One wavelength per fiber

OM3 or OM4 multimode fiber

100 or 150 meter reach

Long Reach - 100GBASE-LR4

One 2-fiber cable

4 wavelengths per fiber

25 Gb/s per wavelength

Single mode fiber

10 km reach


IEEE 802.3Ba Client • Client Handoffs, Cost Comparison

• 100GBASE-SR10 Expensive fiber – ribbon cables, MPO connectors

Cheap transceivers – 850 nm VCSEL technology

• 100GBASE-LR4

Cheap fiber – standard single mode duplex cables

Expensive transceivers – 1310 nm lasers, plus WDM mux/demux


IEEE 802.3Ba Client • TRANSCEIVER TYPE

• 제조사간 경쟁을 최소화하기 위해 초기에는 MSA (Multi Source Agreement)로 정리

• CFP (C Form Factor Pluggable)

LR10, LR4, ER4 등 다양한 Spec. 지원

대부분의 라우터 / 스위치 / 전송장비에서 채택

Expensive!! - 1310 nm lasers, plus WDM mux/demux

슬롯당

1~ 2 Port 100G Power Limitation

Size Limitation



• CXP

SR10 지원 → CXP–OM(SR10)–CFP 연결가능

Cheap - 850 nm VCSEL technology

작은 크기 및 저전력 소모

• CFP와 CXP별 전송모듈 비교

CFP - 100G당 2 slot필요

6 x 100G 6 RU

CXP - 100G당 1 slot필요 Rack당 100G 42포트 가능



• CPAK

• CMOS Photonics – Light processing in Silicon!

• 70% size reduction, 70% power reduction

• Standards based interfaces

• Support 10 port x 100GE line cards

• Enable “Universal Ports”


IEEE 802.3Ba Client

• TRANSCEIVER ROADMAP


100G IPoDWDM 소개


IPoDWDM : CAPEX의 변화 • The higher data rate reduces the CAPEX

• But, more complexity in optics and higher optical cost

• The ratio of L3 and Optical cost is changing with the data rate

10G 40G 100G

Routing is 8% of Total Circuit spend, Down from 35% 7

years ago


IPoDWDM : Less Layer = Lower Cost

• A big % of the cost in NG network will be in optical interfaces

• Not only DWDM but also grey optics

• Therefore removing handoff between layers is important

L3

L2/L1

TXP (L0)

L3

TXP (L0)

Cost

savings

L3

TXP (L0)

Cost

savings

IPoDWDM


IPoDWDM • WDM 기술에 기반을 두고 IP 패킷을 전송하는 기술

• L2 Framing에 관계없이 Digital Wrapper라는 G.709 형태의 외부 헤더를 통해 바로 WDM을 통해 전송

• 진보된 에러 오류 검출 및 정정기능(FEC) 제공으로 장거리 전송 지원


CRS-3 100G IPoDWDM • Coherent 100GigE DWDM interface

• ITU-T 96 channel tunable

• G.709 OTU-4 framing with high gain FEC

• Industry leading Optical performance

• Pre-FEC Proactive Protection

• Manageable via Virtual Transponder

• Interoperability with legacy DWDM systems

기존 CRS와 10G기반 전송망에서 100G 장거리 전송 가능


CRS-3 100G 구성 비교

100G DWDM LC on Router (IPoDWDM, CFP 불필요)

100GE LC on Router with 100G DWDM


CAPEX Saving

IPoDWDM can provide a CapEx reduction:

15% if compared to a grey SR10-based 100Gbps I/F

35% if compared to a grey LR4-based 100Gbps I/F


Power Saving

IPoDWDM provides roughly 350 W/100G gain when compared to SR10

The gain is in the order of 500W/100G when compared to LR4


Footprint Saving

The net gain of IPoDWDM 1RU/100G when compared to SR10

The gain become 3RU/100G when compared to LR4


Optical Performance

점검 항목 설명 기존 10G Cisco 100G IPoDWDM

Coherent DP-QPSK

Attenuation (감쇄)

•신호강도의 감쇄 효과

•파장(nm)에 따라 감쇄정도 변화

•전송 거리의 제한 초래

Optical Amp 이용 기존 Optical Amp 이용

Optical Signal to

Noise Ratio

(OSNR, 신호잡음비)

• Optical Amp 추가시, 잡음신호 발생

• 최대 Amp 개수에 제한 초래 15dB

Max 7.5 dB

By FEC

Chromatic Dispersion

(CD, 색분산)

•주파수 구성요소의 속도 차이에 의하여 발생

•전송 거리의 제한 초래

800 ps/nm 70,000 ps/nm

(Coherent Detection)

Polarization Mode

Dispersion (PMD,

편광색분산)

• Non-linearity of fiber geometry으로 발생

• 10Gbps 이상에서 민감함

• Fiber 제조사의 Spec. 분석으로 거리 산출 가능

10 100

(Coherent Detection)

Industry Leading 100G Optical Performance


Proactive Protection Reactive Protection Proactive Protection

working

route

protect

route

fail

over

FEC Limit

Pre

-FE

C B

it E

rro

rs

Ro

ute

r B

it E

rro

rs

protect

route

working

route

FEC Limit

Protection Trigger

Pre

-FE

C B

it E

rro

rs

Ro

ute

r B

it E

rro

rs

ROADM ROADM

Hitless

Switch LOF FEC

FEC

Time Time

Router Router

with IP-over-DWDM

Transponder


Management : Virtual Transponder

PLIM

Secure Management

Channel

Router Management

• L2/L3 Interface Information

• Routing Protocols

• IP Addressing

• Security

DWDM Management

• L1 Interface Information

• Wavelength Usage

• Power Levels and Thresholds

• Performance Monitoring

• Retains existing operational model

• Respects boundaries between packet / optical administrative groups

15454 MSTP CRS-3

Cisco PRIME


Management : CLI control

Segmented Administration

Data Group

Transport Group

DWDM Transport Router

WDMI/F

WDMI/F

Respect organization boundaries

Data/transport group separation

Restrict users through rule-based access control

Status Monitoring

Config Wavelength & FEC,.etc

Optic Power & CD / PMD estimation

XML interface


Same Interface used on CRS-3 Line Card and ONS 15454 boards

Capability to use ONS15454 Boards & chassis to Connect & Regenerate CRS-3 100G

Transport Compatibility

CRS-3 ASR9K ONS 15454

CRS-3 CRS-3

ONS 15454


100G 도입방법 및 사례


100G 구성 방법

CRS-3 IPoDWDM PLIM

CRS-3 / ASR9K

CRS-3 IPoDWDM PLIM

CRS-3 / ASR9K

M6

Cisco 100G Transponder

M6

Cisco 100G Transponder

CRS-3 IPoDWDM PLIM

CRS-3 / ASR9K Cisco 100G

Transponder

M6


100G 도입 방법

구분 10G DWDM망 100G DWDM망 10/100G IPoDWDM망

장점 Optic당 비용 저렴 투자 및 설계 용이

용량 확장성 증대 선로 효율 증가

기존 전송장비 사용 어려움 일부 회선 이용량 부족

과투자 발생

단점 DWDM 효율 감소 망 복잡성 증가

기존 전송장비 사용 어려움

일부 회선 이용량 부족 과투자 발생

운용 및 관리 부담 증가


100G 도입 방법

Legacy 10G (800G)

Migration of Legacy (800 G + a)

Greenfield NGN (8Tbps)

100G in the packet world = a better way to interface with a router

100G in DWDM transport = a major leap in density


BT’s 100G IPoDWDM • BT has successfully completed a landmark technology trial with Cisco

• intended to increase available bandwidth, simplify network operations

• reduce capital expenses, and help usher in a new generation of consu-

• mer and business services.

Alien wavelength over 769km

2x100G IPoDWDMs

50GHz spacing

6 fiber spans of G652 SMF fibers

Norwich

Adastral park

Newmarket

Cambridge

Colchester

Basildon

Bishops Stortford

BT Tower

Wood green

77km83km

68km

36.1 km

87.3km

58.1km

53.6km

57.08km

24km

50.7km

13.1km

14.7km

terminal here

loopback here

© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 49 Cisco Confidential Cisco Connect 49 © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

“Using an IPoDWDM & alien wavelength solution whilst leveraging our existing DWDM investment allows BT to scale its network to a new level. Fulfilling demand for Fibre Broadband and reducing the unit cost for bandwidth at the same time allows us to invest for the future and is key to BT's strategy.”

Neil McRae, BT's Chief Network Architect


맺음말

Scalability TCO Simplicity

Increase

Service Velocity

Improve

Resiliency Simple

Planning

End2End

Management

Improve

Operation

Ture IP+ Optical solution For 100G Era


Thank you.

초광대역시대의 진정한 ip+optical 융합기술 100g ipodwdm€¦ · cisco offers market...

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