isxy, ndidj yd idys;hh - edupub.gov.lk lan g-6/sinhala lan g-6.pdfm

isxy,

NdIdj yd idys;Hh

6 fYa%‚h

wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

.

m<uqjk uqøKh 2014

fojk uqøKh 2015

f;jk uqøKh 2016

isõjk uqøKh 2017

miajk uqøKh 2018

ihjk uqøKh 2019

ish¨ ysñlï weúßKs

ISBN 978-955-25-0254-5

wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska

rcfha uqøK kS;s.; ixia:dfõ

uqøKh lrjd m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,È'

ii

..

iii

..

kshdukh yd wëlaIKh ví,sõ' tï' chka; úl%ukdhl wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j fufyhùu ví,sõ' tA' ks¾u,d mshiS,s flduidßia ^ixj¾Ok& wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

iïnkaëlrKh m%.S;sld chfialr" iyldr wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßiaa wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

iydh iïnkaëlrKh Èf,ald wurfiak" ixj¾Ok ks,Odß wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

ixialdrl uKav,h

1' r;akisß wrx., uydpd¾h" YS% chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h 2' ã'ví,sõ' Èidkdhl fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

3' B' wd¾' ksu,a fm%aul=udr lÓldpd¾h" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

4' l=udr fiakdr;ak iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI" m<d;a wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" wkqrdOmqrh 5' m%.S;sld chfialr iyldr flduidßia" wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

NdId ixialrKh uydpd¾h r;ak úfÊ;=x.

f,aLl uKav,h 1' ksYaYxl nKavdr -----.=re fiajh nm$.ï$fodïfm uyd úoHd,h" fodïfm 2' wreK bkaÈl fõr., .=re fiajh fld$ wdkkao nd,sld úoHd,h" fld<U 10

3' úmq,s ksfrdaIsŒ f,aÅld fyÜáwdrÉÑ

4' tÉ'ta' È¨ï r;akud,d iydh lÓldpd¾h isxy, wxYh" fld<U úYajúoHd,h fidaÿm;a lshùu iñ;d úoHdfialr Wml¾;D" isxy, YíofldaI ld¾hd,h msgljr ks¾udKh 1' refïIa o is,ajd 2' ã' t,a' wñ÷ nqoaêl wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

mß.Kl wlaIr ixfhdackh

1' tia'ù'Ô' trx.d È,arelaIs wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j 2' chks pkaÈud lreKdr;ak wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

vii

mgqk

1 kß khsfoa /jáÉÖ 1

2 Woh isß 7

² wms lú ,shuq 9

3 Öfpx pq,f`.x huq lsß kEfkda 11 ² ud;Dldkql+, l;d 19 ² iqn me;=ï m;a 19 ² fm!oa.,sl ,sms 21

4 wlaIrud,dj yd ms,s 24

5 kdu mo yd tys m%fNao 29

² jpk fNaoh 30 ² Wla; wkqla; fNaoh 36 ² ,sx. fNaoh 40

6 isß;a fyd| oek f.k 42

7 w,s Wjÿr 45

² úfYaIK mo 50

8 k,mdk cd;lh 51

² uydm%dK wlaIr 59 ² i[a[l wlaIr 60

ls%hd mo yd tys m%fNao 62

² jpk fNaoh 65 ² mqreI fNaoh 66 ² ld, fNaoh 68 ² ,sx. fNaoh 70

9

msgq wxl

ix

l,d jejg mska §,d m,h,a,d 75

² ud;Dldkql+, rpkd ,sùu 79

weúÈk fld<hd 81

² úrdu ,laIK 85

w.a.<d lxfvdax mq;d 89

ii| ii| y|mdfka wms hkjd 94

15

16

ziod fuf,i mqr forfKaZ 97

urK ;=kla we;s ñksfila me‚ lE h'' 101

² úfYaIK mo 105

mqxÑ mef<a .i fjkd 107

jdikdjka 114

rdisx fohshkag neK jeÿK uqrlrejd 116

² ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaaO rpkd 121

iQßh Wod ù h<s ieÕjqKdfoda 122

² ì;a;s mqj;am;a ,sms 133 ² iÕrd ,sms 135

i;=re - ñ;=rej 137

17

18

19

21

20

10

11

12

13

14

jdlH ks¾udKh 72

x

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 1

,sùfï l%uhla fyda wl=re fkd oek isá ñksiaiq Tjqkaf.a w;aoelSï"

oekqu láka lg mj;ajdf.k wdfjda h' tajd j¾;udkfha ckY%e;s

^Folk lore& kñka ye¢kafjhs' ckl;d" msre¿" ck lú" ck kdgl"

WmyerK wdÈh thg wh;a fõ' fmd; mf;ys fkd ,shjqK o

ckY%e;s" tajd ìys jQ ck iudcfha idys;Hdx.hla f,i ie,ls‚'

isxy, idys;Hh fmdaIKhg o ckY%e;sfha odhl;ajh ,eî we;'

uqøK Ys,amh ÈhqKq ùu;a iu. láka lg mej; wd ckY%e;s tla

/ia fldg ,shd ;eîug we;eï f,aLlfhda lghq;= l<y'

‘kß khsfoa /jáÉÖ’ kï ck l;dj isxy, ckl;d ix.%y

lrñka tA' mS' .=Kr;ak úiska iïmdÈ; jgq lsß,a,S iy ;j;a l;d

kï .%ka:fhka Wmqgd .kakd ,È'

fï l;dj ,shd we;af;a wm ,shk wdldrhg jvd fjkia NdId

ú,dihlska nj;a j¾;udk jHjydrfha fkdue;s jpk yd fhÿï

tys we;=<;a nj;a Tng fmkS hkq we;'

tlu;a tl .ul f,dl= ú,la ;snqKd' fï úf,a ks;r Èh ysf|kafk kE'

ta yskaod fï úf,a fndfydu jeú,d ;snqKd ´¨" fk¨ï" udfk,a' ta

jf.a u l=vuiaikq;a fndfydu ysáhd' l=vuiaika w,a,d f.k lEug

ks;r /l f.k bkak lsßfldlal=" udkfldlal=" ueáfldlal="

lKfldlal= tfyu;a úf,a jfÜg u ;eka ;ekaj, ysáhd' Tfydu ;shk

w;frÈ tl ldf,l y;a wjqreÿ kshÕhla we;s fj,d fï ú,;a áflka

ál ysf|kag mgka .;a;d'

ú, ys£f.k hk fldg fldl=kag jv jvd jdis fjkag mgka .;a;d' ta

tlal u ñksiaiq;a weú;a lrla .y,d l+vd md.,d l=vuiaika w,a,d

f.k hkag mgka .;a;d' ;j;a Èh wvq fjk fldg ñksiaiq úf,a ;eka

;ekaj, jeá ne|,d" Èh by,d bkak ;rï Tlafldu l=vuiaika w,a,d

f.k .shd' Bg miafi ú, Tlafldu l=vuiaikaf.ka ysia WKd'

b;ska ú, tfyu msáka u l=vuiaikaf.ka ysia WKd u ta úf,a ysáh

udkfldlal= fokafkla l;d lr .;a;d' “oeka b;ska wmg fï ú,

kßkhsfoa /jáÉÖ1

2 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

/l f.k b|,d we;s ldßhla kE' oeka úf,a ;sfhkafk uv ál ú;rhs'

l=vuiaikq;a kE' lEug fjk foal=;a kE' wms b;ska b.s,s,d huq fjk

rgl Èh we;s ú,la n,d f.k” lsh,d'

fï fokakd fufyu úf,ka msg fj,d hkag l;d lr .kak fldg

t;k <Õ ysáh bífnla fï l;djg lka § f.k ysáhd' tfyu ysg,d

wr udkfldl=ka fokakdg l;d lr,d lSjd' “Th fokakd kï mskaj;a

we;af;d' ys;+ fj,djl ys;+ rglg mshdir lr f.k hkag mq¿jks' ud;a

b;ska fuÉpr ld,hla fï úf,a tlg ysáh flfkla fka' Èh we;s

;eklg ud;a tla lr f.k hkag neß o@” lsh,d'

fï l;djg udkfldlal= fokakd yskd WKd' yskd fj,d lSjd “wfka

fudav bífnda" wms fokakd mshdm;a we;a;ka ksid mshdir lr f.k hkag

mq¿jks' bínkag;a mshdir lrf.k hkag mq¿jka o@ bínkag mshdm;a

;shkjd o@” lsh,d'

fï l;djg bínd lSjd “ÿlg m;a WK fj,djl msysgla b,a,k hd¿jl=g

yskd ùu ta ;rï jeo.;a ldßhla fkfuhs' uf. b,a,Su .ek ys;d

ne,Suhs hq;=lu' Th we;a;kaf.a Th w,xldr l¿mdg mshdm;a jf.a" Th

w,xldr È. fn,a, jf.a w,xldr fudf<al=;a ;sfhkag mq¿jks' fï kdls

f.dryeä bì fudf<ag l,amkd kQK;a wyi;a fmdf<dj;a c,h;a .ek

fyd| bf.kSula ;sfhk Th we;a;kaf.a W.;a fudf<ag jegfykag

neßlula kE fï wirKhdg Wmldrhla lrk yeáhla” lsh,d'

ta .uk wdfh;a wr udkfldlal= fokakdf.ka tflla lSjd “fldl=ka

legqj bínkag hkag mq¿jka úÈhla .ek wmg kï ys;kag wudrehs'

lrkag we;af;a Èh ;sfhk rglg fiakaÿ fjk l,a mqreÿ md .ufkka

fkdkj;a;d .uka lrk tlhs' ydjqka tlal ;rf.g ÿj,d Èkkag

mq¿jka bínl=g fhdÿka iShla yudrla hkag uy ld,hla .; fjk

tlla kE” lsh,d'

b;ska bínd ;j ;j;a msxfiKavq fjkag mgka .;a;d' “fï lreKdjka;

W.;a ñ;%hka fokakdf.ka fï wirK jhil bì mrdfKg msysgla

ke;akï" b;ska wdfh ,nd .kag fjkafk ldg;a nE fkdlshd msysg

fjk udrhdf. msysg ;ud' oeka fï úf,a l=vuiaikq;a kE' ´¨" fk¨ï

.iaj, w," u,a jf.a foal=;a kE' fyg" fï ú,g tk ñksiqka ud fmr<d

ne| f.k hkjdg wkqudkhla kE' wfka hk ;eklg ud;a legqj hkag” lsh,d' ta .uk tl udkfldflla l;d lr,d bíndg lSjd “fyd|hs"


tfykï" ug l,amkd fjkjd tl Wmdhla' tal álla wudre jevla" ta;a

wms lrkakï' yenehs fï bì Wkakefy tl ldrfKalg tlÕ fjkag

´kE” lsh,d'

b;ska bínf. ;sfhk ´kElfï uy; ksid ldrfKa fudlla o

wykafkaj;a ke;=j tl mdrg u lSjd “tl ldrfKalg fk fuhs" oy

ldrfKalg WK;a uu tlÕ fjkakï" yenehs hk ;eklg ud;a tlal u

hkag ´kE” lsh,d'

t;fldg wr l;d lrmq udkfldld wdfhu;a lSjd “tl`. fjkav ´kE

ldrKh fïlhs' .ufk fl<jrla fj,d ìug nysk f;la lg wßkag nE'

lsis u l;djla nE' u. f;dg úia;r wykagj;a ;j yqÕla ÿr o" oeka wms

fldhs yßfh o@ wõj fndfydu ierhs fka o@ Th jf.a lsis u fohla

.ek lsis u l;djla lrkag" fldáka u lg wßkag ;ykï” lsh,d'

b;ska bínd fmdfrdkaÿ WKd “lsis u l;djla lrkjd ;shd lg wßkag

ys;kafkj;a kE' fldfydu kuq;a ud legqj hdu ú;rla lrkag” lsh,d'

tfyu bínd tl`. WKd u tl udkfldflla yhsh we;s fldagq lE,a,la

fydhd f.k wdjd' fydhd f.k weú;a bíndg lSjd —fukak fï ,S

fldagqj ueo yhsfhka láka veye .kag' fyd| yeá ;Èka veye .kag

´kE' wdfh fudk foalgj;a lg wßkag ú;rla tmd' lg weßfhd;a kï

b;ska n;a uqÜáh fmdf<dfj .eyqjd jf.a ysáhs” lsh,d'

“yd" yd" uu tfyu;a lrkj o@” lsh,d bínd ,Sfldagqj láka veye

.;a;d' udkfldlal= fokakd ta fldagqfõ fl<jrj,a fol fydáka

veye,d Wiaid .;a;d' Wiaid f.k fndfydu iSrefjka b.s,S hkag WKd'

yenehs fldhs tlg;a md;ska hkjd jvd fyd|hs lsh,d udkfldlal=

fokakd jvd by<ska mshdir lf<a keye'

fï ;=kafokd Tfydu hk fldg Tkak tl fo‚m;l ysgmq kßfhla

ÿgqjd fï we;a;ka hk fï wmQre .uk' oel,d kßhd yQ lsh,d yskd

WKd' yskd fj,d Wv n,d f.k yhsfhka w~ md,d weyqjd “wE wmafma"

ldg oel=ula o Th ;fâ f.kshkafk@” lsh,d'

fï kßhdf. l;djg bíndg fyd|g u ;ry wdjd' ;ry weú;a “fï ;v

f.kshkafk f;dfma kekao,E Èydg” lsh,d lshkag ys;d f.k lg

weßhd ú;rhs" keÜfgka .e,jqKq ;,a f.ähla jf.a bínd fcd.a .d,d

fo‚hg jegqKd' ta .uk kßhd tal oel,d “Tkak fndf,a wo wyiska


jegqK uila” lshdf.k bínd <`.g Èõjd' bín;a kßhd tkjd oel,d

md y;rhs" T¿jhs Wf. bì lfnd,a, we;=<g weo .;a;d' kßhd ÿj,d

.syska bj lr,d ne¨jd' tfyka o; .eyqjd¦ fufyka o; .eyqjd¦ fudk

yeáhlgj;a ymkag kï nE' ta .uk kßhd" bínd ta fï w; fmr<kag

WKd'

Tkak fufjf, bínd lfnd,a, we;=f<a b| f.k yskd fjkag WKd'

yskd fj,d kßhf.ka weyqjd" “fudlo hd¿jd" ymkag neß o@ fldfydu o

hd¿jd ud ymkafk" uu fï y;a wjqreÿ ksh`.lg wyq fj,d fõ<s,d"

fõ<s,d fldÜg fj,d' Èhl od,d fmd`.j,d .;af;d;a ñi ke;=j kï

wjqreoaola yemqj;a ymkag kï nE” lsh,d'

b;ska bínd wdfhu;a lSjd “wehs fudavfhd" Th ;rï foal=;a fkd oek

o WU bìuia lkag ;kkafka@ Èh f.akag neß kï udj Wiaid f.k

.syska oudmkafld Èh ;shk ;ekl” lsh,d'

“tal;a yß ;ud” lsh,d ta .uk kßhd" bínd láka veye f.k .shd ta

wy, ;snqK uy ú,lg' .syska bínd Èfha ou, mhska md.d f.k ysáhd'

kßhd md.d f.k bkak yskaod bíndg;a hkag bvla kE' bín;a Tfydu

ysáhd' yqÕla fj,d .shdhska miafi kßhd bíng l;d lr, weyqjd

“wd fudav bífnda" oeka fm`.=Kd weoao” lsh,d'

b;ska bínd lSjd “oeka kï yq`.la yßh fm`.=Kd' kß whshf. mh ;shk

;ek ú;rhs ;j fmf`.kag we;af;' mh álla nqre,a lf<d;a ta ál;a

fmf`.hs” lsh,d' kßh;a wuq;a;la fkd lshd mh nqre,a l<d' mh nqre,a

lrkjd;a tlal u bínd Èhg weÈ,d .shd' ta;a kßhd tl mdrg u

mek,d w,a,d .;a;d ÿjk bínf. tl ll=,lska' b;ska kßhd ll=f,ka

w,a,d .;a;du bínd o`.,kafk ke;=j tfyu u ysg,d lSjd “kß whshd

/jáÉÖ flg, wf,a t,a,sÉÖ” lsh,d'

kßh;a ys;=jd tfykx flg, wf,a ;ud ug wyq WfKa lsh,d bínf.

ll=, w; wer, ta <`. u ;snqK flg, w,hla w,a,d .;a;d' ta .uk

bínd kßhdg nyskag neß ;rug cUqrg .syska kßhdg l;d lr,d

“fnd, kßfhda" f;dms to;a kß" wo;a kß" f;dms ljoo bìuia lEfj” lshd f.k hkag .shd'


wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu

1' ú, is£ hk úg jeämqr u jdis w;a jQfha ldg o@

2' udkfldl=ka fofokd fjk;a rgl ú,la fj; hdug ;SrKh

lf<a wehs@

3' fjk;a ú,lg Tijd f.k hdug fmr bíndg ÿka wjjdo fudkjd o@

4' bínd Tijd f.k hdug fldl=ka fh¥ Wmdh l=ula o@

5' Wäka f.k .sh bíndg lg weÍug isÿ jQfha wehs @

6' Èfha isá bínd kßhdf.a .%yKfhka ñ§ hdug fh¥ Wml%uh l=ula o@

lrla .y,d - lrla f.äh keue;s WmlrKfhka ud¿ we,a,Su

l+vd md.,d - fõje,aj,ska úhd .;a l+vhlska ud¿ we,a,Su

veye .;a;d - w,a,d .;a;d

fo‚m;l - fo‚h" l÷ folla w;r we;s ìï fldgi

w~ md,d - y~ k.d$lE .id

;v - fomiska lr ;nd f.k hd yels mßÈ ueo

nrla .eg .id we;s ,Sh

bì lfnd,a, - bì lÜg

fldÜg fj,d - wêl f,i fõ<s,d

;kkafka - iQodkï jkafka

nqre,a - ,sys,a

flg, - c,h weiqf¾ jefjk m÷re j¾.hla

cUqrg - .eUqrg

wjfndaOh


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' l:d jHjydrfha tk my; i|yka fhÿï f,aLk jHjydrhg yrjd

,shkak'

¸' ta yskaod ¸¹' ysia WKd

¸¸' lka § f.k ysáhd ¹' ymkag

¸¸¸' ;kkafka ¹¸' yqÕla yßh

2' fuu l:dfõ Tn is;a .;a wjia:djla ñ;=rl=g úia;r lrk

wdldrh ,shd olajkak'

3' my; i|yka moj,g iudk w¾: fok mo mdvfuka Wmqgd olajkak'

¸' .eUqr ¹' c,h

¸¸' Wml%uhla ¹¸' bfvdarh

¸¸¸' Yío ¹¸¸' wyf.k ysáhd

¸¹' b.s,af,kjd

4' fï l;dfõ tk Wmud folla Wmqgd olajkak'

1' fuu ckl;dj Yío k`.d lshjkak'

2' fuys we;s ixjdo iys; fldgia weiqßka flá kdgHhla r`. olajkak'

3' i;=ka iïnkaO fjk;a ckl;djla fidhd mka;shg bÈßm;a lrkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi


ñksid o fiiq i;=ka yd .yfld<" we<fod<" l÷fy,a wdÈh

fuka u fidndoyfï ks¾udKhls' Tyq iajNdjO¾uh ;ukag ßis

mßÈ fjkia lsÍfuka ish .uka uÕ ilia lr .;af;a h' tmuKla

fkd j iajNdjO¾ufhka pu;aldrhla ú£ug o ñksid iu;a fjhs'

ish is;eÕs fidndoyu wkqj ilia jk wdldrh o fidndoyñka

,nk úkaokh" wdiajdoh yd m%fndaOh o wkdjrKh lrñka Tyq

l,d ks¾udKlrKfha fhfohs'

ánegfha islSï m%dka;fha Wm; ,nd ,xldjg ixl%uKh ù Èú

f.jQ islSï uyskao fyj;a weia' uyskao ysñ úis jk ishjfia

isxy, ldjH lafIa;%h fmdaIKh l< f,aLlhka w;f¾ m%uqLhl=

fia ms<s.efka' Wkajykafia úiska rÑ; \Woh isßZ moH mka;sfha

fidndoyfï wdYap¾hfhka ñksia Ôú; m%fndaOj;a jk wdldrh

mejfihs'

msfma fk¨ï ´¨ .fÕa úf,a wef,a

;sfí j,dl=¿ my ù ksf,a fjf,a

fkd fmak f;la wE; uÕ=,a f.hla jf.a

ie§ isákafka o .iq;a je¨;a .¨;a

ksokafk wehs @ fï <ufhda ;j;a Wfoa

keÕS isákakehs w; .d lshkakd fia

cfka,fhka oeka ysre /ia .,d jeà

isö uf.a uQK mqrd Wrd wfyda

msmS .shd jQ .k uQl,ka lef,a

uf,a fldf<a mdg fufia fufia fj;S

fk¨ï l=udÍg lshkakjqka jf.a

úf,a mshdU;a nufrda rerex ..d

Woh isß 2


Woe,a, yd le;a; lf¾ ;nd ,d

ieye,a¨fjka fndau fomd k.d ,d

oel=ïl¨hs oeka f.dúhd .uka .;a

Wfoa isÍf.a isß bka jeã fõ

iuka fk¨ï yd uyfk,a o frdai

u,ska ke.S wd iqj|;a Wrd î

yukafk fï iS; iq<x w¨;a jQ

mKla È§ fuka ug fï fj,dfõ

kslï b£fuka m, kE f. uq,af,a

;uka ;ukaf.a jefvyS fhfo;ajd

lshkakjqka fuka .k ks,a le,Efõ

w~;a kg;a .ia w;f¾ l=re,af,da

lú fm< lshjd my; oelafjk m%Yakj,g mss<s;=re imhkak'

1' lúfha oelafjk mßÈ fk¨ï iy ´¨ u,a msfmkafka fldfya o@

2' úf,ys nureka mshdUkafka fk¨ï l=udßg l=ula lshkakdla fuka o@

3' f.dúhd WoEik ;u j.d ìï lrd .uka lrk wdldrh ,shkak'

4' iS; iq<x yukafka ljr u,aj, iqj| Wrd f.k o@

5' .ia w;f¾ l=re,a,ka kgd wmg fok m‚úvh l=ula o@

6' WoEik wisßh ms<sn|j lú fmf<ka mejfik woyi fláfhka

,shkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fidnd oyu .ek ,shù we;s lú tl;= lr fmd;a msxpla ilia lrkak'

wjfndaOh


jeiai ms<sn| ,shù we;s my; oelafjk fþo fol lshjkak'

² ñksidf.a meje;aug j¾Idj w;HjYH h' îug" kEug" frÈ fidaod

.ekSug" j.djg wjYH c,h ,efnkafka j¾Idj ksid h' j¾Idj

fkdue;s jQ l, kshÕ we;s fõ' túg j.d ìï md¿ ù wdydr ysÕ ù

hhs' ñksid we;=¿ ish¨ i;=kag wdydr ke;sj hhs' j¾Idj jeä jQ l,

.xj;=r we;s úh yels h' túg wms úúO wdmod yd mSvdj,g uqyqK

fokafkuq'

² yd;ami mj;sk wkaOldrh" úÿ,s t<sh" wl=Kq y~ jeiail fmr

ksñ;s h' l=re,af,da leo,s lrd blaukska mshdU;s' fyda y~ <Õ <Õ

u wefihs' l%ufhka jeys ì÷ jy,l m;s;j ìug jefghs' iS;,

isßfmdo .; ls,sfmd<d hhs' f.a jgd wefok Èh oyrj, md lrkakg

wms lvodis Tre iEÿfjuq' uy jeiafia f;ó kgkakg isf;ys uy;a

wdYdjla mek kef.;;a wïudf.ka Bg wjirhla ke;' È.= kshÕlg

miqj jisk jeiafika wjg ìï o W;=rd hhs' ta olsk wfma is;a o

i;=áka W;=rd hhs'

by; fþo fol u ,shd we;af;a jeiai ms<sn|j h' tfy;a m<uqjk

fþohg jvd fjkila fojk fþofhys we;s nj Tng oefkkakg we;'

m<uqjk fþoh jeiai ms<sn| jd¾;djl iajrEmfhka ,shjqKls'

fojk fþoh jeiafiys iqkaor;ajh ms<sn|j ks¾udKd;aulj ,shjqKls'

tys NdIdj Ndú; lr we;s wdldrh ;rula fjkia h'

jeiai .ek ,shd we;s lú o we;' my; oelafjkafka jeiai .ek ,shd

we;s tn÷ lúhls' ^rplhd - uy.u fialr&

jeiai jf.a wdldfika jyskak ux wdihs

j;=r jf.a jeõ ú,aj, msfrkak ux wdihs

,sheÈ Èf.a tfyka fufyka .,kak ux wdihs

<má f.dhï o¨;a tlal kgkak ux wdihs

by; fþo fol lshjk úg oefkk ñysrg jvd jeä ñysrla lúh

lshjk úg wmg oefka' tu lúfha iEu mohla u tl u wl=rlska

wjika ù we;' th t<s iuh jYfhka ye¢kafõ' ‘Woh isß’ lú fmf<ys

t<s iuh ke;s lú o we;s nj Tng jegfykq we;'

wms lú ,shuq


jd¾;djl fyda ,smshl fyda ke;s ;d,hla lúhg we;' lúh lshjkafka

;d,hlg h' jeiai .ek ,shd we;s by; lúfha mo .<md we;s wdldrh yd

;d,h .ek wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' fun÷ ir, lú Tng o ks¾udKh

l< yels h' ta i|yd fmd; m; lshjd ,nk oekqu fuka u mo .e<mSfï

yelshdj o ;sîu wjYH fõ' ks;r ks;r lú lshùfuka ,sùfuka lú

ks¾udKh lsÍfï yelshdj jeäÈhqKq ùug bjy,a fõ' tl u lúh jqj o

kej; kej; ilia lr ,sùfuka jvd;a fyd| lú ìys fõ' hï lsis

ud;Dldjla ms<sn|j Tfí is;g tk yeÕSï ish,a, lvodishl igyka

lr .kak' miqj jvd;a u WÑ; jpk .e<fmk mßÈ fhdokak' Tn w;ska

ñysß lúhla ,shefjkq we;'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk lúj, wvq mo ,shkak'

lsß ue‚flf. álsß yskd

jeys j;=rg tl;= jqKd

.fï jejg f.dia jegqKd

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

wyfia ;re È,sfikjd

y| udud keÕ tkjd

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

iq<Õla ù isis, fokak ux yß wdihs

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

2' Tn leu;s ud;Dldjla$f;audjla f;dard f.k lú 2la ks¾udKh

lrkak'

² Tn ,shQ lú Tfí ñ;=rd$ñ;=ßh iu. yqjudre lr f.k Tyqf.a$wehf.a

woyi ,nd .kak' ta wkqj lúh kej; ilia lrkak'

² Tn ,shQ lú" mka;sh bÈßfha .dhkd lrkak'

² Tn we;=¿j mka;sfha ñ;=re ñ;=ßhka úiska ks¾udKh l< lú tl;=

lr ks¾udK ix.%yhla ilia lrkak'

11fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

Öfpx pq,f`.x huq lsß kEfkda

YS% ,xldfõ wdÈjdiSka f,i ie,flkafka w;S;fha isg wm

rfÜ úiQ jeÈ ckhd h' bkaÈhdfõ isg meñ‚ úch l=uref.a

iy ta wjÈfha ,xldfõ úiQ l=fõ‚ keue;s hlaI f.da;%sl

l=udßhf.a orejka jQ Ôjy;a: yd Èid,d hk fofokdf.ka

jeÈ ckhd mej; tk nj fndfyda fokdf.a woyi fjhs' úis

jk ishji wdrïNh f;la u uq¿ukska u jk.; Ôú;hla

.; l< jeÈ ckhd fï jk úg wi,ajeis isxy, yd fou<

.ïj, ckhd yd ñY% ù Tjqkaf.a iudc pdß;% yd Ôjk rgd

wkq.ukfhka fjkiaùïj,g ,laj we;' jeÈ ckhd ms<sn|j

ã' Ô' fi,s.audka yd ífrkavd fi,s.audka hk úfoaYSh úoaj;=ka

fuka u kkaofoaj úfÊfialr" mS'î' ó.ial=Uqr hk foaYSh

úoaj;=ka o m¾fhaIKd;aul .%ka: ,shd we;' wd¾'t,a' iamsÜ,a

ffjµjrhd jeÈ ckhd iu. fjfiñka ,;a w;aoelSï

ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaO iajrEmfhka ,shd ;eî h' fï mßÉfþoh

ffjµ wd¾' t,a' iamsÜ,a ,shQ Vanished Trails lD;sfha isxy,

mßj¾;kh jk uelS .sh ovux lD;sfhka ^mßj¾;l ta' mS'

.=Kr;ak& Wmqgd .;a;ls'

\\'''ììf,a uvl,mqj w;r mer‚ jeÈ rg jYfhka ye¢kajqK fldgfia

j¾. lSmhl jeoaokaf.ka ñY%j oekg b;sßj isák ál fokd jQ fï

jeoafoda fuf;la úiQ .,a f.h yer uÕg neiafida h' wdrlaId úrys;

ks¾NS; olaI fï l=vd msßfia tl u wdrlaIl wdhqOh jQfha Tjqkaf.a u

ffojh hs'

Èjhsfka wksl=;a ñksiqkag w;S; l;djla muKla jQ ñksia ixy;sfha

w;m,af,ka jegqK fï jeÈ msßfia o¾Ykh b;d È<s÷ tlla ù h' fï

uq¿ msßfia u we÷ï tlg tla l< úg idudkH le,Eno .ul tla

ñksil= w¢k ;rfï frÈ ms<s tys fkd ù h' fï lvud¨ len,s bK

ojgd .;a fudjqkaf.a YÍr WKqiqïj ;nd .ekSug YS;, rd;s% ld,j, §

Tjqkag ,enqfKa wjq¿jd .;a .sks ue,fha WKqiqu u muKls'

fï uq¿ msßfia u wdrlaIdjg yd wdydr imhd .ekSug;a Tjqka w;r wdhqO

jYfhka ;snqfKa fmdrfud,df.a ÿkak yd B;, yh;a" ^fï B;,hla

3


úo yeßh úg fudk fjfyila ord fyda kej; fidhd .kS&' fmdrj;a"

oeka lhsrd yd .ud o wdvïnrfhka lr .kakd f.k hk fvdka.d yd

fõ,d o i;= j ;=nqK fmdfrda flá folla muKls' fudjqkaf.a m%Odk

wdrlaId úê jQfha kmqre i;=ka yuq jQ úg iuQy jYfhka fõ.fhka lE

.Eu yd uka;% lshd lE .Eu;a j,iqka jeks i;=ka myr fokag tk úg

.iaj,g keÕ .ekSu;a muKls' jeoaoka .,a f.h yer hk fï iufha

jk fmfoig bvjrh mj;sk" tfyhska u jk i;=ka ovhfï fhfok

ld,h hs' ;u msßfia jdihg ;ekla fidhd hdug jvd jkfha m%udo

fjñka hdug fmdrfud,d bgd .;af;a tfyhsks' fudjqkaf.a msßfia

jeä fokd l=vd <uhska jQ fyhska msßfia .uk b;d fiñka ù h' uq,a

ojfia ie;mqulg jvd ÿr .uka lf<a ke;' n,k ;,dj miq l< msßi

f;dg Tfha w;a;la jQ lr|e;af; we< bjqf¾ je,s;,djg msúisfha h'

fu;ek ;djld,sl kej;Sulg b;d iqÿiq o¾YkSh ia:dkhla ù h'

fuys jQ .,auefoa j< kï Èh j< fï ku ,enqfõ th úYd, .,a folla

w;r msysgd ;sîu ksid h' .,auefoa j< Èh lä;s follska hqla; úh'

fuys l=vd uiqka fmrf<ñka isákq olakg ,eîu jeoaokaf.a i;=gg

fya;= úh' ueÈ oj,a ie~ ysre /iska ., r;a ù thska ., wi, u jQ

l=vd Èh jf<a Èh o r;aj ;=nqK fyhska tys jQ l=vuiaiq lsishï bjlska

isys,a Èh we;s .eUqre Èh j<la kqÿßka we;s nj oek thg mek .kakd

woyiska Èh lä;s fol w;r jQ wä y;rla muK jQ .,a;,a,h u;g

jßka jrg mekafkda h' fuhska jeä yßhla l=vuiqka WKqiqï .,a

;,fha tyd fuyd mek ñh .sh w;r ;j;a iuyfrla wdmiq ;ud yqka

Èh lvg u mek .;af;da h' jvd jdikdj;a ál fofkla muKla

n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ mßÈ uy Èh j<g mek .;af;da h'

fudfyd;la fj,d Èh j< foi n,d isá fmdrfud,d .ud yd lhsrd

wu;d “.ud" lhsrd fï l=vuiqkag jy ;<dmshõ” hhs lSfõ h' Tjqka

ue<slï mdkq ÿgq fya “yksl" yksl" n,d bkag l,a kE' wm yeu u

nv.skafka” hhs Tjqka Wkkaÿ lf<a h'''

'''“jfrka lhsrd” lshñka .ud biair ù jkh foig hkag jQ w;r

fmdrfud,d lyg fmd;= úgla iemSug we< bjqf¾ weK nd .;af;a h'

jkhg .sh fld,af,da ál fõ,djlska u wdmiq meñ‚fhda h' Tjqka

fofokd w; u ßhkla muK È. w;aoKavla muK uy; je,a lene,af,la

ne.ska ù h' fï mqiaje,a len,s h' f.kd je,a len,s ., u; ;nd


fmdfrda nkafoka ;e¿E Tjqyq tAjd Èhg nyd l,;kag jQy' inka fmK

jeks fmK nqnq¿ thska u;= jkag ù h' kej; kej; fï je,a len,s

.f,a .iñka Èfhys le,;+ Tjqyq l=vd uiqka u;a ù Èh u; fmrf<k

;=re n,d isáhy' ál fõ,djlska u;a jQ l=vuiaiq Èfha md fjkag jQy'

tfy;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ ;ru l=vuiqka Tjqkag fkd ,eì‚'

“fïl tl lglg;a uÈfka@ fudlo lrkafk@” fmdrfud,d uiqka

foi n,d lSfõ h'

“wmg l=l=reuqjka f.ä álla lvd .kag we;akïæ” lhsrd iqiqï ,Efõ h'

“tfykï .syska fydhdf.k jfr,a,d' wms fufyu bkakï'” fld,af,da

kej; jkhg .sfhda h'

jeä fõ,d fkd f.dia u Tjqkag l=l=reuqjka .ila yuq úh' fmar f.ä

fuka yevh yd uy; o we;s b§ ly meyej .sh fï f.ä yqÕla

fmd¨j,ska .id lvd .;a jeÈ megjq fofokd wdmiq Èh j< lrd

wjq;a fï f.ä ;<d Èh jf<a oud l,;kag jQy' fï jr Tjqkag jeä

fõ,djla n,d isákag fkd ù h' f,dl= f,dl= l=vuiaiq ?ka ?ka u;a

ù Wv u;= ù nvme;a; fmr<S md fjkag jQy' fuys § Tjqkag uiqka

rdYshla w,a,d .; yels jQ kuq;a cd;s lSmhlg wh;a jQ fï uiaiq wÕ,a

;=k y;rlg jvd È. fkd jk lgq nyq, uiaiq jQy' iqoy .skaof¾ miq

jk jeoaokaf.a nvg jqjukd lrkafka rihg jvd wdydr m%udKh jk

fyhska th Tjqkag fyd| wdydrhla úh'

fld¨mexpka l=vuiqkag jy ;<k w;r ;ksj jkhg .sh fmdrfud,d

ó jo foll=;a uerE ;,f.dfhl=;a oE;ska f.k wdmiq meñ‚fha

fld,a,ka lr ;snqK iu;alu .ek Tjqka meiiqfõ h'

Èk folla fu;ek kej;S isá fudjqyq we< Èf.a .uka fldg fï we<

f;dg Thg iïnkaO jk ;ekg meñ‚fhda h' fndv.y j< kñka

okakd uy Èh j<la fï Th bjqf¾ úh' fu;ek l,ska ;=nqK úYd,

fndv.yla ksid Èh j<g fï kï we;sj ;=nQ kuq;a tA uy .y fuúg

tys fkd ù h' l,lg fmr ueÍ .sh tA .y fjkqjg Wig jegqK l=Uqla

.yla yd wegU .yla o fuys úh'''

'''Th bjqf¾ fndr¨ iys; ìfuys .eyekqka iy <uhska o /|jQ

fmdrfud,d Èh lfâ wk;=reodhl fldgi foig fkd hk f,i

Tjqkag wjjdo fldg .ud yd lhsrd o legqj jkhg .sfha h'


fï Èh j< .eUqre h' f,dl= uiaiq o fndfyda fj;s' tfyhska mqiaje,a fyda

l=l=reuqjka f.ä fyda ;<d oeóu m%udKj;a fkd fõ' fuys l=vuiqka

u;a lsÍug jvd ier fohla wjYH h' tfia u nd.hg u;a ù Wv mSkk

f,dl= uiqka úo urd .ekSug l=vd ÿkq yS o wjYH fjhs' fudjqka fï

jkhg .sfha tlS foa imhd f.k tAug h'

m<uqfldg u Tjqyq ÿkq ySj,g jqjukd lrk W,aflkao fyda .egje,a

fidhd .sfhda h' tAjdhska ÿkq yS fol u ;kd .ekSug Tjqkag yels

fjhs' fldagq lmd B;,uqfKka iei isyska lr B ;kd .kakd ,È' .ud

yd lhsrd o fmdrfud,df.a olaIlï mrojkag fuka wk,iaj l%shdYS,Sj

fï jefâ fhÿfKda h' ÿkq ,S myla lmd kq. wr¿ mÜgdj,ska ;ekQ

ÿkqÈfhka .eg .ik ,È - msydgq ke;s B o~q fod<yla W,a fldg ;kd

.kakd ,È' ú;a lE uil= Bh;a weo f.k .eUqrg .sh fyd;a W! weo

.ekSu ms‚i tl tl B .i fl<jf¾ È. mÜgd ,kqjla .eg .id th

ÿkq fl<jrg iïnkaO lrk ,È' <Õl isg jqj o fi,fjk hula

flf¾ fkd jer§ ú§ug mqyqKqjla wjYH h' fï wjYH mqyqKqj .udg

yd lhsrdg o ,nd fok fmdrfud,d l=vuil= fjkqjg t,ajQ fld<hlg

t,a,h n,d ú§ug mqyqKq lrjQfha h'

l=vuiqka u;a lrjk fnfy; i|yd .,a w;r jefjk o¿la .ia fidhd

ie;mqï foll muK ÿrla .uka lsÍug Tjqkag isÿ úh' lsß .ekSu

i|yd Tjqka úiska l< hq;=j ;=nqfKa o¿la .fia fmd;a; lSm m<lska

lmd háka ,nq legh w,a,d isàu muKls' lsßj,ska fmdfydi;a o¿la

.i fufia lemQ úg W,am;lska Èh tkakdla fuka È.g u lsß jEiafihs'

lSm jrla fufia lsÍfuka o¿la lsfrka ,nq legh mqrjd .ekSug jeä

fõ,djla .; fkd fõ'

fudjqka uiqka u;a lrùug hk fï Èh jf<a tla me;a;lska Èh msg ù

.,d hk fyhska Tjqka ouk u;a øjHh t;ekska msgj fkd hk fia

weúßh hq;= úh' jvd .eUqre ke;s fldgi je,s iQrd frdla lr jeáhla

ne| .ekSfuka tfia l< yels úh' tfy;a tys u|la .eUqre fldgfia

bks isgqjd w;=ßls,s oud jeáhla ne£ug Tjqkag isÿ úh'

fï ish¨ lghq;= bjr jQ miq fmdrfud,d o¿la lsß msrjQ ,nq legh

w;ska f.k j< jgd hñka th Èh u;=msg bysrjkag ù h' Èh u;=msg jQ

w÷re ks,a meyeh lsß meye úh' thska miq Tjqyq yeu fok ÿkq yS f.k

oKu;la Èhg nei u;aùug fmr mek hk uiqka /lSug ;eka ;ekaj,


isg .;ay' uq,ska u ji ñY%Kfha bj oekqK lgq fm;sfhda jf<ka

mek Èh myr Èf.a hkag W;aidy .ksñka Èfhka mekafkda h' tfy;a

fld< w;=jeáh Wv jegqKq fï uiaiq wdmiq Èh j<g u mekafkda h'

iuyr l=vuiaiq je,af,ka l< l=vd jeáh mek myiqfjka .e,ù .shy'

iqÿ mdg nv we;s tla lgqfm;s j¾.hlf.a mek hdug ndOd fkdlf<a

ñksiqkag úI we;s ul=¿f.ä lEug m%sh lrk fï uiqka ñksiqkaf.a

wdydrhg kqiqÿiq fyhsks'

fmdrfud,df.a ìß| jQ l¿E o ÿkqjdhkag tla jQ kuq;a fvdka.df.a

jekaoUqj je,sjeáfhka Èh nei hdug ;ekla lvd yer t;ek oK

.id f.k ;ud ye|f.k yqka l=vd frÈlv wjqrd t;ekska mek hkag

wd l=vd uiqka /ila u tl;= lr .;a;S h' úI we;s fmáhka wE jgd

mek .sh kuq;a ´ f;dfuda Tjqka .Kklg fkd .;a;d h'

fï w;r fmdrfud,d yd fld¨ megjq fofokd o ÿkq w;ska f.k

u;a ù tyd fuyd mSkk uiqka ú§u mgka .;ay' fmdrfud,df.a Bhla

jer§ .sfha l,d;=rlsks' fya tl uil= Bfhka uqod bK ne| f.k isá

je,amfÜ wuqKd bjr jkjd;a iu. u ;jll= úoafoa h' .ud fyda lhsrd

fyda tfia uiqka ú§ug iu;a fkd jQy' Tjqkaf.a b,lalh jer§ .sfha

h' miqj fmdrfud,d Tjqka fofokd ;uka <Õg le|jd ;ud úÈk yeá

yd b,lalh fkd jer§ .kakd ieá o fmkajd ÿkafka h'

yeu úg u wksldg jvd olaIhl= jQ .ud uq,ska u f,dl= uil= úoafoa h'

;ud úo yeßh Bh je,af,a wefkkq fjkqjg Èh /<s w;r l=U .ila

fuka fl,ska isg kgd hkq ÿgq .ud tys fl<jrg .eg .id ;=nqK

mÜgd ,kqfjka weo th uE;a fldg .;af;a h' th f,dl= Æ,l=f.a

wefÕys weñŒ ;sì‚' Æ,d b;d u rij;a l=vuiaid fjhs' .ud m%S;sfhka

lE .Efõ h' wksla jeoafoda .ud yd tl;=j m%S;sh m%ldY lsÍug lE

.Efjda h' lhsrdg w; yqre lr .ekSu m%udo úh' tfy;a yjia jk úg

l¿E fuka u lhsrd o je,af,a f.dv .eiS ;=nqK l=vuiqka f.dv ;r

lsÍug Wmldr jQfjda h'

fuys § w,a,d .;a uiaiq wÕ,a yhla wgla Èla jQfhka .,auefoa l=vd

jf<ka we,aÆ uiqka fuka m%udKfhka fo.=Khla muK f,dl= jQy'

tfy;a Èh lä;s fofla § u w,a,d .kq ,enqfõ tl u j¾.j, uiaiq h'

fuys jQ uiqka w;r Æ,a¨ yd ysßlKfhda o rij;a uiaiq jQy' fmáfhda"

ldjhsfhda" oKaä" yqxf.da" u.=frda" wdkaÿ" fld<lKhs yd ;s;a;fhda o


tys isáhy' ,xldfõ ñßÈh lvj, jik fldhs j¾.fha l=vuiaiq;a fï

.eUqre Èh lfâ úiqfjda h' .xj;=rla wd úg fudjqyq jf<ka msg ù Èh

myr;a iu. fjk;a ;eka lrd h;s'

tod wiq jQ uiqkaf.ka fldgila Kq" ñßia yd fld<j¾. o oud ;ïnd lE

Tjqyq b;sß uiqka f.dv l=vd ueis msg ;nd u| .skafka úh<d .;af;da h'

miqj od Wofha fï Èh jf<a ueÍ mdfjñka isá l=vd uiqka b;d ál

fokl= yereK úg Èhj<g jy ;<d oeuQ njg wksla lsis u ,l=Kla

tys fkdù h' .eUqf¾ isák f,dl= uiqkag lsis u ysßyerhla isÿ ù

fkdue;' tf;la fkd j b;d l=vd uiqka o fkd .eUqre Èfha tyd fuyd

mSkñka rxpq .eiS isákq olskakg ,eîu mqÿu iys; lreKla ù h'

w,a,d .;a uiqka yd w, o fjkia fjkia f,i ms<sfh, fldg lñka

jeoafoda fu;ek Èk ;=kla .; lf<da h' Ôj;a ùfï iaÓr mokula

ke;sj isákd ksid fudfyd;lg w;S; Ôú;h isyshg tk kuq;a oeka

kej;;a Tjqyq miq.sh od jQ ÿla lror wu;l lr oeuQ" m%S;su;a mjq,l

jeoafoda jQy'

fndv.y j< wk;=reodhl ;ekls' .eUqf¾ ieÕù isák lsUq,ka yereK

úg fï wy,l fï ld,hg wksla Èh j<la b;sßj ke;s fyhska rd;s%

ld,fha yeu j¾.hl u jki;a;= Èh îug fuys meñfK;s'

uyjkh rd;%s ld,fha Ydka; fyda ksYap, fyda fkd fõ' l,n, iys; h'

ojd,g jvd ìhlre h' tfyhska fï msßi yeisreKq fld;ekl § jqj;a

yekaoE hduh <x jk úg kE hl=kag hdÈks lshk fmdrfud,df.a lg

y~ jkfha /õ fokag úh'

rd;%s ld,fha § jßka jr .sks ue,h wjq¿jñka yd jkfha úh<s mr~,d

;ef<k y~ wefik úg w~yer mdñka o fmdrfud,d fndfyda fõ,d

fkd ksod .; lf<a h' iuyr úg fï Yíohka wysxil b;a;Ejl=

jeks i;l= ksid we;s fjhs' Èhlfâ tyd fl<jßka Èh îug tk

Èúhd tkafka ksYaYíoj fkd oefkk fia h' y| we;s tla /hl l=vd

we;a /<la tys meñK fmdrfud,df.a w~ ;e<Su .Kklg fkd f.k

Èhjf<ys ,e. isáfha h' oeka fu;ek yer hd hq;= fj,dj hhs túg

fmdrfud,d is;d .;af;a h'”


tys isáhy' ,xldfõ ñßÈh lvj, jik fldhs j¾.fha l=vuiaiq;a fï

.eUqre Èh lfâ úiqfjda h' .xj;=rla wd úg fudjqyq jf<ka msg ù Èh

myr;a iu. fjk;a ;eka lrd h;s'

tod wiq jQ uiqkaf.ka fldgila Kq" ñßia yd fld<j¾. o oud ;ïnd lE

Tjqyq b;sß uiqka f.dv l=vd ueis msg ;nd u| .skafka úh<d .;af;da h'

miqj od Wofha fï Èh jf<a ueÍ mdfjñka isá l=vd uiqka b;d ál

fokl= yereK úg Èhj<g jy ;<d oeuQ njg wksla lsis u ,l=Kla

tys fkdù h' .eUqf¾ isák f,dl= uiqkag lsis u ysßyerhla isÿ ù

fkdue;' tf;la fkd j b;d l=vd uiqka o fkd .eUqre Èfha tyd fuyd

mSkñka rxpq .eiS isákq olskakg ,eîu mqÿu iys; lreKla ù h'

w,a,d .;a uiqka yd w, o fjkia fjkia f,i ms<sfh, fldg lñka

jeoafoda fu;ek Èk ;=kla .; lf<da h' Ôj;a ùfï iaÓr mokula

ke;sj isákd ksid fudfyd;lg w;S; Ôú;h isyshg tk kuq;a oeka

kej;;a Tjqyq miq.sh od jQ ÿla lror wu;l lr oeuQ" m%S;su;a mjq,l

jeoafoda jQy'

fndv.y j< wk;=reodhl ;ekls' .eUqf¾ ieÕù isák lsUq,ka yereK

úg fï wy,l fï ld,hg wksla Èh j<la b;sßj ke;s fyhska rd;s%

ld,fha yeu j¾.hl u jki;a;= Èh îug fuys meñfK;s'

uyjkh rd;%s ld,fha Ydka; fyda ksYap, fyda fkd fõ' l,n, iys; h'

ojd,g jvd ìhlre h' tfyhska fï msßi yeisreKq fld;ekl § jqj;a

yekaoE hduh <x jk úg kE hl=kag hdÈks lshk fmdrfud,df.a lg

y~ jkfha /õ fokag úh'

rd;%s ld,fha § jßka jr .sks ue,h wjq¿jñka yd jkfha úh<s mr~,d

;ef<k y~ wefik úg w~yer mdñka o fmdrfud,d fndfyda fõ,d

fkd ksod .; lf<a h' iuyr úg fï Yíohka wysxil b;a;Ejl=

jeks i;l= ksid we;s fjhs' Èhlfâ tyd fl<jßka Èh îug tk

Èúhd tkafka ksYaYíoj fkd oefkk fia h' y| we;s tla /hl l=vd

we;a /<la tys meñK fmdrfud,df.a w~ ;e<Su .Kklg fkd f.k

Èhjf<ys ,e. isáfha h' oeka fu;ek yer hd hq;= fj,dj hhs túg

fmdrfud,d is;d .;af;a h'”

jeÈ ckhd úfgl ìß| fuka u orejka o iu. ovhfï h;s' fuys

oelafjkafka mdkaoßka ovhfï hEug iQodkï jk jeÈ mqreIhd ish

ìß| wjÈ lrjd lshk .S;hls' uydpd¾h iq.;md, o is,ajdf.a oUdfka

jeÈ ni ^1964& lD;sfhka fuh Wmqgd .kakd ,È'

f;k f;Èkd kd f;Èkd fka n, $$

pmamS p,ms,s lShk ldg $$

t,sú,s mxú, jekakõ kEfka$$

hkakg ksÈ lsñÈh lsß kEfka$$

W!fvx hkak;a fnd,a msks neß kx $$

îfux hkak;a fnd,a msks neß kx

ÿkak ms,djg jr lsß kEfka$$

ÿkak ms,dfõ hkak;a neß kx$$

B;,a wjqrg jr lsß kEfka$$

B;,a wjqf¾ hkak;a neß kx $$

Öfpx pq,f`.x huq lsß kEfka $$

fï jeÈ ck .Sfhys w¾:h my; mßÈ oelaúh yels h'

f;k f;¢kd ''''$$

l=re,a,ka .S .hkafka ldgo $$

t<s fj,d myka fj,d jf.hs $$

.uk hkakg kskafoka wjÈ ù tkak $$

fnd,a msks ksid Wäx hkag;a neß kï$$

fnd,a msks ksid ìñka hkag;a neß kï$$

ÿkak ms,djg tkak$$

ÿkak ms,dfõ hkak neß kï B;, wyqrg tkak$$

B;, wyqf¾ hkag;a neß kï iS;, iq<fÕa myi ú¢ñka huq $$


wjfndaOh

1' jeoaokaf.a È<s÷ nj jvd;a fyd¢ka lshefjk mdGh Wmqgd

olajkak'

2' .,auefoa j< yd fndv.y j< Èh lä;sj,g tu kï ,eîug fya;=

myokak'

3' l=vuiaiq w,a,d .ekSug jeoaoka fh¥ Wml%u fudkjd o@

4' l=vuiqkag wu;rj Tjqka tl;= lr.;a fjk;a wdydr j¾. fudkjd o@

5' Tjqka k;r ù isá ia:dkfhka bj;a ù hdu iqÿiq nj fmdrfud,d

;SrKh lf<a l=ula ksid o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; i|yka moj,g iudkd¾: mo mdvfuka fidhd ,shkak'

¸' nv.skak -

¸¸' iduQyslj -

¸¸¸' Nhdkl -

¸¹' iómhg -

¹' WoEik -

2' my; i|yka moj,g úreoaOd¾: mo ,shkak'

¸' È<s÷ -

¸¸' WKqiqu -

¸¸¸' .eUqre -

¸¹' ksYap, -

¹' mS%;sh -

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' jeÈ ckhd ms<sn| f;dr;=re tla /ia lr fmd;a msxpla ilikak'

2' jeÈ ck .Sh iduQyslj .dhkd lrkak'

3' my; ,nd § we;s ud;Dld w;ßka tlla ms<sn| jdlH rpkhla

,shkak'

¸' jeoaokaf.a Ôjk rgdj

¸¸' úúO ck fldgiaj, isß;a úß;a

¸¸¸' iajdNdúl mßirh yd ne÷Kq wdÈjdiSyq


ksYaÑ; ud;Dldjg wkql+, jk mßÈ l;djla meje;aùu ud;Dldkql+,

l;d f,i y÷kajhs' ;ukag ,nd § we;s ud;Dldj ksrjq,aj iy mßmQ¾Kj

wjfndaO lr .ekSu" l;dj uekúka ixúOdkh lr .ekSu l;dfõ

id¾:l;ajh i|yd jeo.;a fõ' tys § ud;Dldfõ iEu wxYhla flfrys u

wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= h' l;dfõ uq, ueo iy w. uekúka ixúOdkh

lr .ekSu l;djl id¾:l;ajhg fnfyúka n,mdhs'

1' úúO ck fldgiaj, pdß;% jdß;%

2' mßir ys;ldó Ôjk rgdjlg yqre ùfï jeo.;alu

3' W.;ukd Ys,amhuhs - u;= /flkd

4' Tjd fokq mryg - ;ud iïuf;ys msysgd isg

5' lshùfï w.h

iqn me;Su fyj;a fi;a me;Su i|yd fuka u i;=g m%ldY lsÍu i|yd

o iqn me;=ï m;a heùfï iïm%odhla wo wm w;r mj;S' Ôú;fha jeo.;a

wjia:d fia u ieureï" ch.%yK m%uqLj úúO wruqKq fjkqfjka fï iqn

me;=ï m;a ilia flf¾'

Wmka Èkh" újdyh" újdy ixj;air" kj jirg wdisß me;Su" k;a;,"

fjila wdÈ úfYaI W;aij ieuÍug fuka u úNd." ;r. wdÈfhka ,;a

ch.%yK iy ;k;=re Wiia ùï jeks wjia:dj, § Y=NdYxikd;aul

m‚jqv hefjhs' ;j o" /lshdfjka úY%du hdu" úfoaY.; ùï muKla

fkdj frda.S wjia:dj, § blauka iqjh m;d o fi;a m;d hefjk wjia:d

fndfyda h' ta wkqj iqn me;=ï m;a ieliSfï § ie,lsh hq;= úfYaI

lreKq ljf¾ oehs n,uq'

³ iqn me;Sfï ksñ;a;$wod< lreK i|yka úh hq;= h'

³ iqn me;=ï m; fuka u tys ,shefjk iqn me;Sfï igyk o jvd;a

wdl¾IŒh NdId ffY,shlska ks¾udKd;aul f,i f.dkq lr .ekSu

jeo.;a h'

iqn me;=ï m;a

ud;Dldkql+, l;d


³ tu igyk ixlaIsma; úh hq;= w;r w;sYh yDohx.u úh hq;= u h'

³ ta i|yd fhdod .kq ,nk NdId ffY,sh hjk wh yd ,nkakd w;r

we;s iïnkaOh wkqj o fjkia úh yels h'

³ ld úiska ljqreka fj; o hkak meyeÈ,sj i|yka úh hq;= h'

fï wkqj Tng ,eî we;s úúO iqn me;=ï m;a lshjd n,kak' my;

fmkajd § we;s wdo¾Y o iqn me;=ï m;la ilia lsÍfï § Tng u.

fmkaùula jkq we;'

ksoiqka(- wka;¾ úoHd,hSh u,, lS%vd ;r.fhka ch ,enQ Tfí mka;sfha u

ñ;=rl=g ,shQ iqn me;=ula

cfhka ch fõjd æ

wfmau fidhqre ú¥Ikag

fl<s ìfuys fkdnd mE

ta Wmka ymkalï

ujq ìu;a - mdi,;a

nen<ù ls;a hiska

Tfí Èß fomhska u

keÕS fyg tla is;ska

Èkkakg uq¿ rgla

uq¿ f,djla ch f.diska

,efíjd fkl jrï

m;uq wms ks;s ;=áka


ke.‚hg hefjk Wmka Èk iqn me;=ula

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk wjia:d w;ßka folla f;dard Bg iqÿiq iqn me;=ï m;a

ilia lrkak'

³ f,dal .=re Èkh fjkqfjka mka;s Ndr .=re;=ñhg

³ /lshdfjka úY%du hk úÿy,am;s;=udg

³ Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd úfoaY.; jk whshdg

³ ksfrda.s iqjh m;d ;u uq;a;Kqjkag

³ 21 fjks Wmka Èkh iurk jeäuy,a fidfydhqßhg

ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh fï ;dla ÿrg jHdma; ùug fmr l,la w;sYhska

ckms%hj ;snQ ,sms ,sùu tÈfkod Ôú;fha § wog;a wmg m%fhdackj;a fõ'

tfyhska fm!oa.,sl ,smshla hkq l=ula oe hs hkak;a ta ,sms ,sùfï §

jeo.;a jk lreKq ljf¾ oe hs hkak;a i,ld n,uq'

iqn Wmka Èkhla u fõjdæwo/;s ke.‚h iqkdß fj;"

2015 cqks ui 23 odg

oi jirla mqrk

Tng

i;=áka" fifkyiska msreKq

iqn u iqn Wmka Èkhla

iy

jdikdjka; wkd.;hlg iqn me;=ï'''

Tfí u wdorŒh wlaldf.ka

fm!oa.,sl ,sms


;u mjqf,a wfhl=g" ys; ñ;%d§kag fyda fm!oa.,slj oek y÷kd .;a whg

fyda fjk;a ljr mqoa.,hl=g fyda fm!oa.,sl wjYH;d fyda fm!oa.,sl

iïnkaO;d u; fyda hjk ,sms fm!oa.,sl ,sms fõ'

³ fm!oa.,sl ,smshl"

1' hjkakdf.a ,smskh yd Èkh

2' wdYS¾jdoh

3' wduka;%Kh

4' wka;¾.;h$lreKq

5' wjidkh

hk wx. we;=<;a úh hq;= h'

fm!oa.,sl ,smshl ta ,smsh yqjudre jk fofokdg WÑ; jk fia

wdYS¾jdoh" wduka;%Kh" wjidkh fhÈh hq;= h' ys;j;a ñ;=rl=g"

jeäysáhl=g" m%N+jrhl=g hjk ,smsj, ta ta mqoa.,hdg wkqj by; oelajQ

wx. ;=k o fjkia jk whqre úuid n,kak' ,smsfha lreKq úia;rfha

fyj;a wka;¾.;fha NdId rgdj o ,smsh ,nk mqoa.,hd yd hjkakd

w;r we;s iïnkaOh wkqj fjkia fõ'

ksoiqkla f,i ióm ys;ñ;=rl=g" {d;shl=g ,shk wkaoug jvd ixhuhla

we;s NdId rgdjla wkqj Tfí .=re;=udg fyda fjk;a m%N+jrhl=g ,shk

whqre is;kak'

³ ñ;a;‚hl ish uqkqnqrdg hejQ fï ,smsh lshjd n,kak'

25$2 lkafo f.or"

jg rjqï mdr"

me,auvq,a,'

2015'11'23'

fi;a fõjd æ

wdorŒh iqÿ mq;dg"

biafldaf,a ksjdvq fokak <Õ ksid fï ,smsh ,shkafka i;=gqodhl

wdrxÑhla lshkak' fï wjqreoafo mq;d,j YS% mdfo j¢kak tlal hkjd

lshd ud fmdfrdkaÿjla jqKd u;l o@ uoaÿ kekao,d fï ksjdvqfõ fufy

tk ksid kqjr ndmam,dg;a fufy weú;a hkak ´kE ¨' b;ska" mq;d,d

wdfjd;a wms yefudag u YS% mdfo lreKd lrkak mq¿jks'


ta ksid fï ksjdvqj ,enqKq .uka u wms .ukg msg;a fjuq' wmg ;=ka

irfKa lsh lshd ysfï kÕskak mq¿jks' iS; .Õ=f, kd,d" br fiafj;a

n,,d YS% mdfo jkaokd lruq'

fï ojiaj, fufy yß u iS;,hs' l÷ hdh u óÿfuka jeys,d n,kak

,iaikhs' mq;d,f.a .ukg w¢k we÷ï f.akak lsh,d wïug lshkak'

;d;a;dg;a l,ska u ksjdvq .kak fõú fk' ta ksid wms l,a we;sj iQodkï

fj,d fï .uk huq' b;ska" uf.a mq;dg;a" mq;df.a wïudg;a ;d;a;dg;a

iuka foúhkaf.a msysghs'

fï"

wdorŒh w;a;ïud

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' fuys by; olajd we;s ,smshg iqÿiq ms<s;=re ,smshla fyda Tn leu;s

fjk;a m%lg wd.ñl isoaOia:dkhla lrd hEug wdrdOkd lrñka

Tfí ñ;a;‚hkag ,smshla fyda ,shkak'

WodyrK (- wkqrdOmqrh$ñyska;,h$uvq foajia:dkh$k,aÆ¾ fldaú,

$uqia,sï foajia:dkhla

2' by; ,smsfha oelafjk úrdu ,laIK fudkjd o@

3' my; oelafjk whg ,shk ,smshlg iqqÿiq wduka;%K iy wjidkh

,shd olajkak'

³ ududg ³ wïudg

³ .=re;=ñhg ³ ñ;=rl=g

³ mdif,a úÿy,am;s;=udg

4' fï wjia:dj,ska tlla f;dard ,smshla ,shkak'

³ mdif,kaa ÿr neyer m%foaYhlg udrejla ,nd .sh Tfí isxy,

.=re;=ñhg

³ mdif,a meje;ajqKq ;E.s §fï W;aijh .ek úia;r lrñka

fjk;a mdi,lg wia ù .sh ñ;=rl=g

³ Tfí mdif,a meje;afjk jd¾Isl Ñ;% yd uQ¾;s m%o¾Ykh keröug

meñfKkakehs ñ;=rl=g

³ Tfí ms%h;u rEmjdyskS <ud jevigyk fufyhjk ksfõol

uy;dg fyda uy;añhg


wm l;d lsÍfï § úúO Yío uqúka ksl=;a fjhs' ta Yío ,shd

oelaùu i|yd úúO ixfla; Ndú; flfrhs' tu ixfla; wlaIr

kñka ye¢kafõ' tla NdIdjlg wh;a wlaIr ish,a, tl;= jQ úg

th fydaäh fyj;a wlaIrud,dj hkqfjka kï l< yels h' kQ;k

isxy, wlaIrud,dj iy ms,s ms<sn|j fuu mdvu ilia ù we;'

wlaIrud,dj fldgia follg fnfoa'

1' iajr

2' jH[ack

wlaIrud,dj yd ms,s

isxy, wlaIrud,dj

4

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W W! R RD Ì Ì!

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m M n N u U

h r , j

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isxy, wlaIrud,dfõ we;s iajr my; oelafõ'

iajrhla Bg kshñ; rEmfhka u ,shkafka jpkhl uq,a Yíoh yeáhg

fhfok wjia:dj, § mu‚' iajr Yío jpkhl ueo fyda w. fhfok

úg tajd jH[ack Yíohla yd tl;= fldg ,shkq ,efí' túg iajrhg

kshñ; rEmh fjkqjg jH[ackhg úfYaI ixfla; lsysmhla tla lr

.efka' ta ixfla;" ms,s hkqfjka ye¢kafõ'

iajr" jpkhl uq, fh§u

w - wïud wd - wd;d

we - weUq,a wE - wE;

b - bjqr B - B;,h

W - Wl=iaid W! - W!rd

R - RcqfldaKh t - tkak

ta - tAoKav ft - ft;sydisl

T - TxÑ,a,dj ´ - ´¨

T! - T!IO

iajr" jpkhl ueo fyda w. fh§u

¾ - W re Trej T¬¾¬W¬õ¬w

oa - we oe Woe,a, W¬oa¬we¬,a¬,a¬w

.aa - b .s .sks .a¬b¬ka¬b

iajr

w wd we wE b B

W W! R RD Ì Ì!

t ta ft T ´ T!


my; oelafjkqfha isxy, wlaIr ud,dfõ we;s jH[ack hs'

iajrhla ;ksj WÉpdrKh l< yels kuq;a jH[ackhla ;ksj WÉpdrKh

lsÍu wmyiq h'

la .a É Ê

fï wlaIr iajrhla iu. fhfok úg WÉpdrKh lsÍu myiq fõ'

la ¬ w l

.a ¬ w .

É ¬ w p

Ê ¬ w c

iEu jH[ackhla u y,a l< fkd yels h' tfia y,a l< fkd yels

jH[ack my; oelafjhs(

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<

jH[ack

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by; i|yka lr we;s mßÈ iajr wlaIr" jH[ack wlaIr iu. tl;=

ùfï § th ixfla;j;a flfrk ms,s rdYshla isxy, NdIdfõ olakg

,efí' tA ms,s fufia y÷kd .ksuq'

iajrh fhfok ms,a, ms,af,ys kduh ms,a, wl=rej, fhfok wdldrh

w ms,a,ula ke; - lúhd" rislhd" .Õ

wd d we,ms,a, ldish" rndk" ukd,sh

we eflá weoms,a,

lelsß" jeyefrkjd" meye

wE E È.= weoms,a, lEu" yekaoEj" ?k

b s biams,a, ls;=,a" udmsh" msysá

B S È.= biams,a, lS¾;sh" w§k" YÍr

W = q eflá mdms,a, l=ryka" Wÿïnrd" j.=re

W! + Q EÈ.= mdms,a, l+ôhd" wkQj" rEmh

t f fldïnqj fllal" ief,kjd" fufy

ta f afldïnqj iy §¾>;aj i,l=K

flala" fïih" ufyaIsldj

ft fffldïnq fol

ffjoH" ffjrh" ffO¾hh

T f d fldïnqj iy we,ms,a, fldia" fudfyd;" fmd,a

´ f dafldïnqj iy §¾>;aj i,l=K iys; we,ms,a,

fldar,h" úfkdaoh" hy¿fjda

T! f !fldïnqj iy .hkq ls;a;

fl!;=ld.drh" ufy!IO" fN!;sl

R D .egms,a, lDñhd" wuD;h" l¾;D

RD DD .egms,s foll¾;DDka" Ydia;DDka" jla;DDka


wjfndaOh

1' iajrhla fydaäfha oelafjk rEmfhka u ,shkafka jpkhl l=uk

ia:dkfha fhfok úg o@

2' y,a l< fkd yels jH[ack wlaIr folla ,shkak'

3' ms,a,lska ixfla;j;a fkd jk iajrh l=ula o@

4' tl u iajrhla ixfla;j;a lsÍug úúO wl=rej,g úúO ms,s Ndú;

flfrk iajr" mdvfï j.=fjka Wmqgd ,shkak'

5' ms,s follg jvd Ndú; lrñka ixfla;j;a lrkafka lskï iajrh

o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' fm< fmdf;a we;s mdvïj,ska iajr uq,g fhfok jpk yd jH[ack

uq,g fhfok jpk oyh ne.ska j.=jl igyka lrkak'

2' my; i|yka wlaIr fhfok jpk fol ne.ska ,shkak'

¸' b

¸¸' W

¸¸¸' R

¸¹' ft

¹' T!

3' my; i|yka ms,s fhfok jpk fol ne.ska ,shkak'

¸' we,ms,a,

¸¸' È.= mdms,a,

¸¸¸' biams,a,

¸¹' fldïnqj iy we,ms,a,

¹' fldïnqj

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' Èkm;d m<jk mqj;am;la fyda <ud kjl;djla fyda f;dard f.k

tys we;s ms,s fhfok jpk wkqms<sfj<ska ,shd fmd;a msxpla ilia

lrkak' Tn f;dard .;a ms,a, iys; wlaIrh mdg lrkak'

2' isxy, wlaIrud,dj mka;sh bÈßfha u;lfhka lshjkak'


kdu mo yd tys m%fNao

ukqIHhd NdIdj fhdod .kafka ;j;a flkl= iu`. woyia yqjudre

lr .ekSug yd ;ukaf.a ye`.Sï lshd mEug hs' NdIdjla u`.ska

woyia m< lrk tl u i;a;ajhd ukqIHhd h' wksla i;a;= kdoh"

YÍr bßhjq yd .|-iqj| u`.ska woyia yd ye`.Sï m< lr;s' woyila

fyda ye`.Sula lshd mEug ukqIHhdf.a uqfjka msgjk w¾:hla

iys; Yío" mo hkqfjka ye¢kafjhs' fï mo f,aLkfha § wl=re

u`.ska ,shd oelafjhs'

mo j¾. lsysmhls' kdu mo ta w;ßka tlls' mqoa.,hl=" ;ekla"

fohla" .=Khla fyda ;;a;ajhla ke; fyd;a woyila ms<sn|

w¾:hla fokafka kdu mo hs'

tal jpk yd nyq jpk fNaoh" Wla; wkqla; fNaoh yd ,sx. fNaoh

mokï lrf.k kdu mo j¾.SlrKh flfrk wdldrh fuu

mdvfï oelafõ' ta i|yd ksoiqka Wmqgd f.k we;af;a l;kaor

lsysmhlsks'

wkdÈu;a ld,hla mqrd tla;rd jkhl jk i;a;= hy;ska Èú f.jQy'

Tjqyq tflld flfrys ldre‚l jQy¦ ffu;%S iy.; jQy' tfyhska u tA

jkh fnfyúka iduldó úh'

fufia l,la .; fj;a u tys jQ rell wuq;= i;l= jdih lrkafka hehs

rdjhla me;sr .sfha h' fï m‚úvh /f.k wd jk i;d" msßila tla

/ia ù isák iEu úg u fï .ek lshd isákakg úh' fuhska fï mqj;

uq¿ jkh mqrd b;d blaukska m%p,s; jQfha h' i;a;= le,eUqKy' l=ula

l< hq;= oehs Tjqyq fkd o;ay' i;=ka w;ßka jvd;a Wml%uYS,S fia m%lgj

isá kßhdg fï ms<sn| jeäÿr fidhd ne,Sfï ld¾hh mejeß‚' —kßydñ

kqU lmáhd' kqUg mq¿jks fudk úÈhlska yß fï .ek we;a; ;;a;afj

oek .kak˜ Tjqyq lSy' tfy;a" kßhd fmdÿck hym; fjkqfjka ;u

Ôú;h mrÿjg ;eîug iQodkï jQfha ke;'

tAld fï i|yd wmQre ie,eiqula fh§ h' yeu úg u wkqkaf.a ´md¥m

fiùug wdYd l< tla;rd mlaIshl= yg kßhd fï ld¾hh mejÍ h'

—wmQre wuq;= fohla fydhd .;af;d;a kqUg uq¿ lef,a mqrd u lshj lshjd

5


weúÈ;Els˜ kßhd l=re,a,df.a reÑh j¾Okh jk whqßka l;d fldg

ldßh i|yd W! fmd,Ujd ,S h'

fuhska Woaoduhg m;a tA l=re,a,d o jy jyd wd.ka;=l i;a;ajhd isá

úi,a rel wi,ska mshdUd hkafka" r;a .sks fnda, folla iy wuq;=

Yíohla o tA fld< m;frys we;s nj olskafka h'

fï mqj; weiQ ish¨ i;a;= ìfhka ;e;s .;ay' Tjqyq jyd fï jkh yer

oud hdno jkh fj; ixl%uKh jkakg mgka .;ay' tfy;a" tA úi,a

reflys jdih flf<a r;a weia we;s ;rula f,dl=" wysxil l=re,af,ls'

ysáyeáfha ish¨ i;=ka jkh yer oud msg fjkafka l=ula ksid oehs tA

l=re,a,d mqÿufhka l,amkd flf<a h'

ÿr È. fkd n,d lghq;= l< fyd;a lsishï msßilg ish kscìu mjd

ioyg u wysñ ù hd yels h'

Nhxlr i;a;ajhd

,shkdfvda vdúkaÑf.a Wmud l;d

mßj¾;kh (- ;kQcd O¾umd,

fuu Wmud l;dfjys l¿ lr we;s mo .ek wjOdkh fhduq lrkak'

² i;a;=" jki;d" Tjqyq hk moj,ska hï flfkl= fyda if;l=

.ek o

² rel" .sksfnda, hk moj,ska hï fohla .ek o

² jkh" kscìu hk moj,ska hï ia:dkhla .ek o

² ìh" Woaoduh hk moj,ska hï iajNdjhla .ek o lshfõ' fïjd

ish,a, kdu mo hs'

kdu mohla hkq l=ula oehs y÷kd .ksuq'

hï flfkl=" i;l=" fohla" ia:dkhla fyda iajNdjhla ye¢kaùug Ndú;

lrk mo" kdu mo hs'

kdu moj, jpk fNaohla mj;S' tal jpk yd nyq jpk jYfhks'

hï kdu mohlska tla whl=" tla fohla" tla ia:dkhla fyda tla

iajNdjhla .ek lshfõ kï tAjd tAl jpk kdu mo hs'

kdu mohlska fndfyda wh" fndfyda foaj,a" fndfyda ia:dk .ek lshfõ

kï tAjd nyq jpk kdu mo hs'

jpk fNaoh


,sÅ; wNHdi

1'l;dfõ we;s my; oelafjk kdu mo tAl jpk" nyq jpk jYfhka

j.= .; lrkak'

i;a;=" Tjqyq" jkh" rel" rdjh" m‚úvh" jk i;d" kßhd" lmáhd"

Ôú;" tAld" mlaISyq" W!" i;a;ajfhda" fnda," weia" l=re,af,da" ksc ìu'

tAl jpk nyq jpk

2' tAl jpk kdu mo oyhla yd nyq jpk kdu mo oyhla fidhd

,shkak'

3' my; oelafjk kdu mo tAl jpk kï nyq jpk njg o nyq jpk

kï tAl jpk njg o yrjd ,shkak'

^f.dúhd" lïlrefjda" kS;s{hd" ñkskafodarefjda" j÷rd" n,af,da"

n<,d" bífnda" f,akd" ksjdih" .ia" iÕrdj" mqgqj" rEmjdysksh"

mdi," fNdackd.drh" úYajúoHd,h" mka;s ldurh" wdh;kh&

kdu mo

tAl jpk nyq jpk

tAl jpk nyq jpk


m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fuu Wmud l;dfõ we;s kdu mo ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq

lrñka lshjkak'

2' ;j;a fujeks l;djla fidhd tys tk kdu mo ,l=Kq lrkak'

fmr tla rfclayg mq;%fhla jQfha h' tA mq;% f;fï ovhug m%sh

we;af;a úh' rc ýg ovfl<s ms‚i fkdfhla úg wjir ÿkafka h'

t;l=ÿ jqj;a ks;r u mq;= legqj hdug uy weu;syg wK lf<a h' tla

Èfklays rc l=ur f;u ovhug .sfha h' ovhfuys § ovhïlrejka

úiska uqfjl= mekakQ l=, l=ur f;fï uy weu;s ;ud wkqj tkafka h

hs is;d ;o we,afuka uqfjl= ÿqn|jd .;af;ka msßif.ka bj;aj hkag

jk' u. fidhd .; fkd yS uy weu;syq lrd kej; Bug ;e;a lf<a rg

f;dg fkd o;a neúka fndfyda wE; uq<dj weúoafoa h'

fufia wiqmsáka hoa§ fndfyda fia y~ y~d yqka rEm fYdaNdfjka hq;a

ldka;djla wÈiaisfhka ýg iïuqL jQjd h' l=ur f;fï wiq kj;ajd

wEf.ka wikqfha"

“;S ljfrla o@ l=ula fyhska fuys yqol,dj isákakS o@ lskï fohla

.ek w~kakS oe”hs weiS' túg ´f;dfuda W;a;r fokakS"

“uu jkdys Ndr; foaYfha ^bkaÈhd& rcl=f.a ÿjlañ' uu wiqmsg keÕS

u|mjka yuk fõf,ys ksÈnrj wiqmsáka jegqfKñ' wiaf;fï Èj.;'

W!g l=ula ù oehs fkd oksñ”hs lSjd h'

;reK l=ur f;fï wE flfrys lreKdfjka ;u msámiska wiqmsg ys÷jhs

lSh' ´f;dfuda o i;=áka tfia l<d h'

fufia tfofok crdjdi jQ f.hla miqlr hoa§ ldka;dj wiqmsáka niskq

leue;af;ñ hs lSjdh' l=ure wiq keje;a jQ úg ´f;dfuda iqj fia ìug

neiaid h' fyf;fï o nei w;ska wiq w,ajdf.k tA crdjdi f.h lrd

t<ôfha h' ldka;dj jkdys"

“orefjks i;=gq fjõ' f;dmg reje;s ;reK fh!jkhl= f.kdñ”hs lS l,

tnia weiQ l=ur f;fï fl;rï úiauhg meñ‚fha oehs Tn jykafiag is;sh

yelafla h' orefjda o tnig W;a;r foñka"


“uE‚fhks fyf;u fld;ekays o@ wmg fndfyda laIqOd we;s neúka

oeka u Tyq luq˜ hhs lSjdy'

rc l=ur f;fï ;uyg isÿfjkag tk wka;rdh weiQ fohska oek.;'

Ndr; foaYfha rc flfkl=f.a ÿfjlañ hs lS ldka;dj úfõl ia:dkhkays

fjfiñka oyia .Kka udhïj,ska u.Ska w,ajd lk rdlaIihl=f.a

Nd¾hdjle hs l=ur f;fï oek fndfyda ìhm;aj jyd u wiq msg

ke.S.;'

‘rc ÿfjlañ’hs lS lmá ldka;dj tA fõf,ys u wjq;a" f.dÿre fldg .;a

l=ure hkag ieriqK neõ oel uqr.d lshkakS"

“l=urejks" lsis úgl ìh fkdjj' kqU ljfrla o@ kqU ljrl=

fidhkafkys o@” lSjd h'

“uu jkdys uxuq<d jQfhñ' u. fidhd .kag W;aidy lrñ”hs fyf;u

lSh' tnig ´f;dfuda lshkakS"

“kqU uxuq<d jQfhys kï foúhka jykafiag ndr jj" túg Wkajykafia

kqfò úm;ska kqU uqok fiale hs” lSjd h'

túg l=ur f;fï iaj¾.h foig fk;a Tijd" tfia lS blaì;s Isy¾idÈ"

“rÊcqrejka jykai" myka fõf.k tk neúka l:dj keje;aúh hq;= h”hs

lSjd h'

túg Èk¾idÈ f;dfuda"

“tA ;reK l=ureyg l=ula jQfha oehs oek .kq leue;af;ñ' Tyq .ek uu

pxp, j isáñ”hs lSjd h'

“fyg jk;=re iq,a;ka rc ug Ôj;a jkag wjir fokafka kï kqfò

is;ays fkd ikaiqkaNdjh ÿr,kafkñ”hs ìij lSjd h'

Yd#ßh¾ rc f;fï l=ureyqf.a .uka fl<jr § l=ula isÿ ù oehs oek .kq

leu;sj Isy¾idÈh fkd urd ;j Èkla l,a ÿkafka h'

o`vqjï ,enQ uy weu;syqf.a l:djia;=j

wdrdì ksfYd,a,dih


1' my; oelafjk jdlH lshjkak'

i' uu WoEikska u iqn m;ñ'

ii' wms Wkkaÿfjka úNd.h iu;a fjuq'

iii' kqU ì;=is;=jï krUkafkys'

iv' kqU,d ì;=is;=jï krUkafkyq'

v' Tyq ks;r hy¿jka weiqre lrhs'

vi' Tjqyq ks;r i;=ka wdrlaId lr;s'

vii' we;d fmryer w,xldr lrhs'

viii' we;a;= fmryer w,xldr lr;s'

ix' fidhqßh lúhla .dhkd l<d h'

x' fidhqßfhda lú .dhkd l<y'

xi' .i ieug fijK ,nd fohs'

x' .ia ieug fijK ,nd fohs'

bß we¢ kdu moj,g wkqrEmj wdLHd;h fh§ we;s whqre úuid n,kak'

tfia jkafka Wla; kdu mohg wod< mqreIfhka wdLHd;h o fh§ we;s

ksihs' W;a;u mqreI" uOHu mqreI" m%:u mqreI hkqfjka isxy, NdIdfõ mqreI

;=kla olakg ,efí' tlS mqreIj, kdu mo fhfok whqre my; igykska

oelafjhs'

mqreI tAl jpk nyq jpk

W;a;u mqreI uu ''' ^iu;a fjñ& wms ''' ^iu;a fjuq&

uOHu mqreI kqU ''' ^krUkafkys& kqU,d''' ^krUkafkyq&

m%:u mqreI

Tyq ''' ^weiqre lrhs& Tjqyq ''' ^weiqre lr;s&

we;d ''' ^w,xldr lrhs& we;a;= '''' w,xldr lr;s&

fidhqßh''' .dhkd l<d h& fidhqßfhda'''^.dhkd l<y&

.i ''' ^,nd fohs& .ia ''' ^,nd fohs&


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' by; § we;s l;d jia;=fjys tk kdu mo ish,a, ,l=Kq fldg

tAjd W;a;u" uOHu" m%:u hk mqreI ;=kg fjka lr olajkak'

2' fm< fmdf;ys Tn leu;s mdvula f;dard f.k tys kdu mo mqreI

;=kg fjka fldg olajkak'

rElv lmkakd" .eñhkag jqjukd foh muKla fkd j kqjrekag jqjukd

foh o iemhqfjls' .fuys nyq, l=re,a,kaf.a" ydjkaf.a" uq.áhkaf.a"

lne,a,Ejkaf.a yevyqrelï yd úÑ;% j¾Khka o wdrEV l< o~qlvj,ska

wdiajdohla ,enqfjda kd.ßlfhda h' .ï jeisfhda fï i;=kaf.ka u

wdiajdoh ,enqfjda h' rElv lmkakd" ;u rElv kd.ßlhkag u úlsŒug

is;=fõ tfyhsks'

rElv lmkakdf.a lïu, jQ l,s ldurhlska o biaf;damamqjlska o hq;="

ueá .id w;= fifj‚ l< me,am;ls' lmd ksu l<" fkd l< rEläka

o" idhï .d fõ<Sug ;enQ úÑ;% j¾Kfhka nn<k rEläka o kshka"

le;s" msyshd" flfÜß" idhï áka" nqreiq" i;=kaf.a weg lgq" o;a" ksh"

T,s| weg hkdÈfhka o msß Tyqf.a lïuf,ys we;=¿ ldurh jQl,s kshu

lgq f.hla úh' biaf;damamqfõ fldkl jQ j;=r ie<shla .;a ,s.a.,a

;=klska hq;= Wÿfkka ÿï fkd k.skafka oj,a fod<fya isg tl fol

jk f;la mu‚' t;eka isg ? y; jk ;=re Wÿfkka kÕsk .skak

fkd ksfõ' j;=r ye<sh Wmldr jQfha Tyqf.a rElv lemSug fkd j Tyq

rElv lemSfuka tl;= lr.;a iq¿ uqo,g ;j;a i; lsysmhla ,nd §fuka

Tyqf.a wdodhu jeä lsÍug h'

rElv lmkakdf.a biaf;damamqj fldams lvhls' ojia m;d Woh ld,fhys o

ijia ld,fhys o .fï jeäysáhka yd ;reKhka lsysm fofkl=ka o /

iaù" láka lvd.;a yl=re weì;a;lska fyda Èfjka .;a iSks mqmqre állska

fyda Èj fmdÕjd" fldams W.=rlska W.=r o f;ud f.k" ´md¥m foãfuka

o fí.,a foidnEfuka o úlg l;d lSfuka o m%S;s jQ ieá u;la jk úg"

mqrdK bx.%Sis lùka tla ;eka ù îr ìî ÿï Wrñka ldjH Ydia;%h ms<sn|

l:dfjka muKla fkd j" ´md¥m foãfuka o" úfkdaodiajdoh ,enQ

ika:d.dr wrNhd we;eï bx.sßis fmd;lska oek.;a f;dr;=re uf.a

is;g kefÕhs'


rElv lmkakdf.a fldams lvhg /ia jQ uy¨ .eñfhda fmd;ska m;ska fyda

.=rekaf.ka fyda fndfyda fldg bf.kSfuka ,;a m%;sNdj we;s lùka

fkd jQj o Ôú;h kue;s ;lai,dfjka bf.kSfuka ,;a m%;sNdj we;s

lùyq jQy' fmd;m;ska ,;a úkS;Ndjfhka f;dr jQ Tjqkaf.a l;dny"

Tjqka weo nE fí.,a" fovQ ´md¥m .%duH;ajfhka nr jqj o jDoaO;ajhg

ysñ ;ekam;a kqjK" Wmydih" Wmdillu" iskd ri hk fuf;la

idys;H rifhka f;dr fkd ùh' ñksi;a njg ysñ ÿla mSvd m%;HlaI

lr.;a Tjqkaf.a láka .s,syqK ´md¥m jQ l,s" lùkaf.a rpkhkag jia;=

úh hq;=" Ôj fY%da;ifhka ksl=;a" Ôj ìkaÿkaf.ka .yk ù h'

rElv lmkakdf.a lïu,

wfma .u

ud¾áka úl%uisxy

Wla; wkqla; fNaoh

Wla; mo(

i. .=rejre YsIHhka w.h lr;s'

ii. ffjoHjre frda.Ska iqjm;a lr;s'

iii. fmd,sia ks,OdÍyq iellrejka Widúhg bÈßm;a lr;s'

iv. ñkskafodarefjda bvï ysñhka yuq fj;s'

v. f,aLlfhda mdGlhka oekqj;a lr;s'

fuu jdlHj, ‘.=rejre" ffjoHjre" fmd,sia ks,OdÍyq" ñkskafodarefjda"

f,aLlfhda’ hk kdu mo tu jdlHhkays wjidk l%shd isÿ lrk l¾;D

mo hs' l¾;D ldrl jdlHhl wjidk ls%hd mofhka Wla; jk flaj,

kdu mo yd o" yd" ;a hk iuqÉphd¾: ksmd; fh§ jdlHhl l¾;D

jYfhka fhfok mo;a" oaú;aj l¾;D mo yd kdudLHd; mo;a l¾u

ldrl jdlHhl l¾uh oelafjk mo;a ieu úg u Wla; iajrEmfhka

;nkq ,efí'

wkqla; mo(

fuu jdlHj, l¾u mo f,i fhÿKq ‘YsIHhka" frda.Ska" iellrejka"

bvï ysñhka" mdGlhka’ hk kdu mo wkqla; iajrEmfhka isà' l¾;D


ldrl jdlHhl l¾uh jYfhka fhfok kdu mo;a fuka" fia" jeks"

lrd" Wfoid" i|yd hk ksmd; wdYs%; kdu mo;a jQ lDoka;hg uq,ska

fhfok kdu mo yd wiïNdjH ls%hd wdYs%; kdu mo;a iEu úg u wkqla;

iajrEmfhka ;nkq ,efí'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' by; l;dfjka Wmqgd .;a my; i|yka kdu mo Wla;-wkqla; jYfhka

y÷kd f.k wod< fldgqfõ ‘’ ,l=K fhdokak' Wla;-wkqla;

foflys u fhÈh yels kdu mo we;akï wod< fldgq foflys u ‘’,l=K fhdokak'

kdu moh Wla; wkqla;

lmkakd

l=re,a,ka

ydjka

uq.áhka

len,a,Ejka

kd.ßlfhda

.ïjeisfhda

me,am;

lgqf.h

Tyq

jeäysáhka

;reKhka

.eñfhda

lùka

lùyq

kdu mo

Wla; mo wkqla; mo


2' ysia;ekaj,g .e<fmk Wla; mo jryka ;=<ska f;dard ,shkak'

i. ^<uhs$<uhska& ''''''''''''''''''''''''' nhsisl,a mÈ;ss'

ii. ûu$ud& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Tjqka weu;=fjñ'

iii. ^l=re,af,da$l=re,a,ka& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' wyfia mshdir lr;s'

iv. ^Tjqka$Tjqyq& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' fkajdisld.drh ;=< /£ isá;s'

v. ^f;dm$f;dms& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' mõ fkd lryq'

vi. ^.dhsldjl$.dhsldjla& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' iïudk ,enqjd h'

vii. ^rcjreka$rcjre& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' uy jeõ ;ekQy'

viii. îsxyfhdaaa$isxyhkaa& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''';K fld< fkd l;s'

ix. ^NslaIQyq$NslaIQka& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' fi;a msß;a foaYkd lr;s'

x. ^Ñ;% Ys,amSka$Ñ;% Ys,amSyq& ''''''''''''''''''''' ;u ks¾udK m%o¾Ykh lr;s'

3' ysia;ekaj,g .e<fmk wkqla; mo jryka ;=<ska f;dard ,shkak'

i. uj ôrefjda$orejka& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' miihs'

ii. ul=¿fjda ^lDóka$lDóyq& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' wdydrhg .;ay'

iii. úÿy,am;s;=ñh ^YsIHdjka$YsIHdfjda& ''''''''''''''''''''' wdrlaId l<d h'

iv. uu ^f;dm$f;dms& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' y÷kñ'

v. ydfjda ^bífnda$bínka& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' iu. ;rÕhg ÿj;s'

vi. Tyqf.a .dhkh ^wm$wms& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' mskù h'

vii. .erçhd ^ófhda$óhkaa& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' w,a,hs'

viii. rislfhda ks¾udKlrejka$ks¾udKlrefjda& '''''''''''''''''''''''' w.h;ss'

ix. frda.Syq ^fyÈhka$fyÈfhda& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' le|jd .;ay'

x. .=re;=ud ûu$ud& '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' weu;=fõ h'

tlu;a tl rgl mjq,l ifydaorfhda y;a fofkla isáfhda h'

Tjqkaf.ka nd, ifydaorhdf.a ku uqjka;siai h' wksla ifydaorhka fuka

Tyq fl;aj, jevg fkd .sfha h' Woh f.oßka msg;aj jkdka;rhg jeo

uqjka miafia t<jd f.k f.dia Wka we,a,Su Tyqf.a mqreÿ l%Svdj úh'

Tyq fufia fi,a,ï fldg f.org tkafka ijia jk úg h' Tyq iuyr

úg uqjl= lr ;nd f.k ths' fl;aj, jevg fkd hEu .ek wksla

ifydaorfhda Tyqg yeuod u neK jÈ;s'

ojila uqjka;siai l=udrhd Wo¨ fldghl=;a /f.k l=Uqrg hkag

iQodkï jQfha h' wksla ifydaorfhdaa iskd iS Tyqg iroï lf<da h' Tyq


fldam ù Wo¨ fldgh bj; oud,d le,hg je§ le,fhys ;snqKq ùr" m¨

iy fldaka hkdÈ uy .ia Wÿrd oeïfï h' Tyq ìu iod,d f.or weú;a

jemsÍug ù b,a¨fõ h' ifydaorfhda ù kqÿkay' Tyq udud fj;g f.dia

ì;a;r ù b,a¨fõ h' udud f.diska fyak n,d,d weú;a Tyqg f,dl= ù

ìiaila fmkakqfõ h' uqjka;siai l=udrhd wuqKq yegl muK ù ìiai

Wiaidf.k f.dia jemqrefõ h'

meiqKq miq Tyq f.dhï lmd md.d tl ;ekl f.dv .id f.or

weú;a ifydaorhkag l;d fldg fufia lSfõ h' “f.dyska n,dm,a,d

uf.a ù f.dv' tAl Wvg kex.d u fï rfÜ wE; ;sfnk od.eíj, fld;a

fmfkkjdoe hs n,d,d fmakjd kï ug lshkq'”ifydaorfhda f.dia nd, u,Kqjkaf.a ù f.dv Wvg kexf.da h' wE; msysá

od.eíj, fld;a fyd|g u fmksK' tfy;a Tjqyq fld;a fkd fmfkk nj

lSfjda h' thska Woyia jQ uqjka;siai l=udrhd lkaola muK Wia jQ

tA ù f.dvg mhska .id bysrjd weú;a ;u lvqj;a wrf.k f.hska

kslauqfKa h'

.jq .Kkla .uka fldg .Õla wi,g meñ‚ Tyq ls;=,a .yla ì,S

ms;a;g;a w,shl= weug;a wjqKd f.k ud¿ ndk ;j;a fhdaOhl= ÿgqfõ h'

b;d Yla;s iïmkak w;mh yd f,dl= l|la we;s fudyq ÿgq ú.i ‘fudyq

kshu fhdaOfhle’hs uqjka;siai l=udrhdg lshjq‚'

‘ud fudk fhdaOfhla o" uqjka;siai l=udrhd fkdje fhdaOhd’hs ud¿

ndñka isá fhdaOhd lSfõ h' thska miq Tjqyq tlsfkld oek we¢k .;ay'

ud¿ ndñka isá fhdaOhdf.a ku w,ska;siai h' jeäÿr hkakg fmr

fudjqkag ;j;a fhdaOfhla yuq úh' úYd, hlv fnda, folla Wv ou

oud w,ajñka .uka l< Tyq ÿgq ú.i zfudyq kï yßu fhdaOfhleZhs

uqjka;siai l=udrhd lSfõ h' zyß fhdaOhd ud fkd j uqjka;siai l=udrhdZhs

Tyq o lSfõ h' Tyqf.a ku hlv;siai h'

fï fhdaOfhda ;=kafokd Tjqfkdjqka ±k we¢k f.k rlaIdj,a fidhñka

.uka lf<da h' ;j;a .jq .Kkla .uka l< úg Tjqka <Õd jQfha úYd,

.Õla <Õg h' w,ska;siai l=udrhd f,dl= ud¿jl= nd .;af;a h' ;=ka

fokdg u nv.sks ù ;snqK neúka Tjqyq ud¿jd mq¿iaid f.k lkakg

woyia lr .;ay' hlv;siai l=udrhd .ylg ke. ÿï k.sk f.hla

<Õl ;sfha oe hs ne¨fõ h' wE; ÿï k.sk f.hla ÿgq Tyq .iska nei

.skaor f.fkkakg tA f.h foi n,d kslauqfKa h'


th rdiaishlf.a f.or hs' tA fjf,a wE isáfha orejl= fldryl

;nd f.k kdjñks' hlv;siai l=udrhd wE lrd f.dia .skaor álla

b,a¨fõ h' ‘<sm <Õg f.dia <sfmka .sks fmfk,a,la wrf.k hkag’hs

lshñka rdiais úYd, ye<shla Wiq,d .;a <sma.,a ;=klska hq;a <smla

fmkakqjd h' l=udrhd f.dia .sks fmfk,a,la .kag md;a jQ l, rdiais

Tyq t;k u jQ ìxf.h ;=<g ;,a¨ l<d h' fndfyda fõ,djla f.ù

f.diskq;a hlv;siai l=udrhd kd ksid w,ska;siai l=udrhd msg;a jQfha h'

{dfkdaoh l;d - ud¾áka úl%uisxy

rka fl¢ l=udßldj

;=ka nE fhdaOfhda

,sx. fNaoh

fï jdlH foi n,kak'

i. hlv;siai l=urhd .skaor b,a¨fõ h'

ii. rdiais <smla fmkakqjd h'

iii. <sfma .skaor oe,afjhs'

fuys" ‘hlv ;siai l=udrhd’ hkafkka mqreIjdÖ njla o

‘rdiais’ hkafkka ia;%SjdÖ njla o

‘.skaor’ hkafkka wm%dKjdÖ njla o yefÕhs'

tA wkqj"

ñksiqka" i;=ka yd l,ams; Ôùka ^foaj" hlaI" wdÈ& yÕjk kdu mo

ifÉ;k" tkï mK we;s fyj;a m%dKjdÖ mo f,i o .ia je,a yd fiiq

wm%d‚l oE yÕjk kdu mo wm%dKjdÖ fyj;a wfÉ;ksl kdu mo

f,i o ie,flhs'

m%dKjdÖ kdu mo w;ßka

² mqreIjdÖ njla yÕjk kdu mo mqreI ,sx. kdu mo jYfhka o

² ia;%SjdÖ njla yÕjk kdu mo ia;%S ,sx. kdu mo jYfhka o

wm%dKjdÖ njla yÕjk fyj;a wfÉ;k .Kfha kdu mo kmqxil

,sx. kdu mo jYfhka o ye¢kafõ'


1' my; oelafjk kdu mo mqreI ,sx." ia;%S ,sx." kmqxil ,sx. jYfhka

j.= .; lrkak'

^.srjd" fmd;" mEk" ksji" j÷rd" .eyeksh" uys,dj" n,a,d" ne<,sh"

.i" .Õ" l=re,a,d" hy¿jd" f,aÅldj" .=re;=ñh&

2' ;=ka nE fhdaOfhda l;dfõ we;=<;a kdu mo mqreI ,sx." ia;S% ,sx."

kmqxil ,sx. jYfhka j¾. lr olajkak'

kdu mo

m%dKjdÖ fyj;a

ifÉ;k kdumo

wm%dKjdÖ fyj;a

wfÉ;k kdu mo

mqreI ,sx.

kdu mo

ia;%S ,sx.

kdu mo

kmqxil ,sx.

kdumo

mqreI ,sx. ia;%S ,sx. kmqxil ,sx.

42 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h

iqisßf;ys fhfoñka ÿisßf;ka wE;a fjñka iodpdr iïmkak

Ôú;hla .; lsÍug u. fmkajk isß;a u,aou WmfoaY idys;Hfhys ,d

ie,lsh yels ldjH lD;shls' myiqfjka u;lfha /f|k ir,

iq.u nia jyrlska fï lú mn|k ,oafoa weï'we,a' is,ajd .=re

uqykaÈrï;=ud úisks' <ud úfha isg hym;a mqreÿ wdl,am we;sj

iudchg jevodhl f,i Ôú;h yev .iajd .kakd wdldrh fï

lúj,ska lshefõ'

1' kñka mg nekao;a

rkska rejkska È¨K;a

l==f,ka rc jQj;a

thska M, lsu isß;a yeßfhd;a

2' br Wod jkakg

m<uqj ke.sg isys fldg

w,ilï ÿre fldg

lrka jevm< ÈhqKq jkakg

3' jevl fkd fh¥ is;

krl w;g u fmrf<;

lsful jk hym;

jevl tneúka fhdokq ;u is;

4' ysi wjq,a lrf.k

ls¿gq jerye,s we|f.k

mUfhl=f. ú,isk

b÷u fyd| kE nQ; lrñk

‘isß;a fyd| oekf.k''''’6


5' w;ska w; ne| fm<

fkd hka ux udj;aj,

;ekska ;ek lvj,

fkd hka lreKla ke;sj lsis l,

6' lEug lEorlï fkd lrkafka

;j ug lshñka lE fkd .ikafka

;ryg lEula úis fkd lrkafka

t<s msg ysgf.k lEu fkd lkafka

7' weÕ jeiqfuka ksis we÷ï w¢kafka

nv fkrefuka frÈ we| fkdu .kafka

ysi jeiqfuka lsis ;ek fkd jÈkafka

iqÿiq ;ekska ksis f,i m,hkafka

8' W;=uka bÈßfh fl< fkd .ikafka

b¢ñka tys md È.= fkd lrkafka

tf,iska b| wEkqï kdßkafka

ish;ska tf,i u ysi fkd likafka

9' tl u jevl ks;r u fkd fhfokafka

fjk u fjk u jev i,ld .kafka

fmkqu we;=j fyd| jev lrmkafka

;ru fkd oek jevlg fkd niskafka

10' ysifla úod f.k hï ;eklg fkd hñ

ysifla úod f.k W;=uka fj; fkd hñ

ysifla úod f.k fodrlv fkdu b¢ó

ysifla úod f.k in ueo fkd .ejfió

11' wkqkag nqyquka § i,lkafka

;ukag nqyquka ,efnhs thskafka

wkqkag ;u jxYh lshñkafka

,nkag kïnqj fkd is;dmkafka

44 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h

wjfndaOh

1' hym;a isß;a w;a fkd yeÍfï jeo.;alu m%ldY jk lúh Wmqgd

olajkak'

2' fï lúhg wkqj wdydr wkqNjfha § jeo.;a jk isß;a fudkjd o@

3' mdvfï lshefjk wdldrhg we÷ï me,÷ï mßyrKfha § i,ld ne,sh

hq;= lreKq fudkjd o@

4' W;=uka bÈßfha yeisßh hq;= wdldrh lúhd olajd we;af;a flfia o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' ksjfia §" mdif,a §" uy u. § Tn ms<smÈk fyd| isß;a fudkjd o@

2' my; i|yka moj, w¾:h m%ldY jk fia jdlH ks¾udKh lrkak'

¸' mg ne£u

¸¸' rejkska

¸¸¸' úod f.k

¸¹' jerye,s

3' Woh u mqnq §

uqyqKg Èh §

l=,foú ku £

f.a fodr yu §

fuu lúfha lshefjk hym;a isß;a folla Wmqgd olajkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' isß;a - ÿisß;a .ek Tn wid we;s fjk;a lúhla ,shkak'

2' mka;sh lKavdhïj,g fn§ Tfí mdi,g fyda mka;s ldurhg jvd;a

jeo.;a jk .=KO¾u lúhg k.d o¾YkSh fmdaiagrhla ks¾udKh

lrkak'


l=udr;=x. uqksodi isxy, NdId idys;H lafIa;%fhys úYd,

fmr<shla isÿ l< mçjrfhls' l=udr;=x. uqksodihkaf.a idys;H

fiajdj wxY lsysmhlg úysfohs' <uhska i|yd rÑ; .µ yd mµ

ks¾udK ta w;ßka m%uqL fjhs' y;amK" ySkaierh" u`.=,alEu

t;=uka úiska <uhska i|yd rÑ; m%nkaO jk w;r l=ur .S wdÈ

mµ lD;s ta ta jhia uÜgu wkqj fY%a‚.;j bÈßm;a lr we;'

mdi,a isiqka i|yd t;=uka úiska iïmdÈ; lshjk kqjK ^yhjk

fYa%‚h& lD;sfhkaa Wmqgd .;a l;djla fuys oelafõ'

ta l¿jr ojfils' ysre neie i;r mehlg jvd f.jqfKa hehs

fkd is;ñ' tod ug nv mqrd lkakg wdydrhla fkd ,enqKq fyhska"

<`.e ue .ïudkhlg f.dia" l=Uqrlg je§ f.dhï álla j;a lkakg

? fnda jk f;la n,d isáfhñ' kslï ue isáfha fkd fõ' jeä rila

ke;;a wi,e jQ .file w;a;la uf.a fid~g meñ‚fha he' uu bka

fld< ál ál jßka j/ lgg hejqfjñ'

È. yQjla wefikakg úhe' t" ud fm/ ta ;rï wid mqreÿ ysj,a yQj

fkd fõ' fkd neie ue" fkd keÕe ue" tla muKg meje;s ;shqKq

yf~ls' ysj,a yQj k`.S" niS" k`.S" niS' tn÷ ke`.Sfula neiSfula fï

yf`vys kqjQfha he' ud hkakg is;d isá l=Uqr uf.a is;ska wE;a úhe'

fld< w;a; o lgg uq;a is;g fkd jkafka he' oeka is; kgjkafka fï

w¨;a y~ hs' kqmqreÿ y~la weiqKq úge mÍlaIdldÍ ùu wm ld f.a;a

isß; fkd@ ta isß; jeä fõ,djla mj;ajkakg ug fkd ,enqfKa he'

uf.a fid~;a j,.;a ud fkd okajd ue" ie‚ka Èid udrejla flf<a

he' ud tla jr ue Wv hkakg jka ieáfhla o ye`.s‚' tj/ weiqKq yQj

t;rï ;shqKq he" t;rï Nhxlr he'

ta yQj uy oreKq i;l=f.ka wd njg ug oeka ielfhla ke;af;a he'

fm/ lsis lf,le kqjQ fjkfila uf.a is;g jÈkakg úhe' Nh ug

t ;rï mqreÿ fkd jk nj Tn oks;s' tod tl jrg ue uf.a is; th

jy jyd mqreÿ lrk nj ug ye`.=fKa he' ta ye`.Su fln÷ oehs ud i,ld

w,s Wjÿr 7


neÆfha t;ekg fndfyda wE; § he' wehs@ yQj tjQ i;d wyi fmdf<dj

foorjd f.ke wdfha" ug fmfkkakg ue ù he'

uf.a mdofhda ug jvd fyd| ymkakq he' Tyq ug fld;rï ys;j;a;= o

hkq b÷rd jegeyqfKa tÈke he' fjk od uf.a is; fkd okajd tl o

mdofhla fkd fi,ejqfKa he' mdofhda is; okajkakg ;j fudfyd;la

keje;=Kdyq kï" fï mqj; Tng lshkakg j;a ug wjirfhla fkd

,efnkafka he' wfka" mdofhks" f;dmg mska isÿ fõjd' f;dm tod ud

jk ueog f.ke .sh ;rï blaukg ug th is;Su o fkd yels he' tod

kï f;dmg mska fokakg o ug isys u| úhe' lud lrjq'

jk ueoe § uu ìfhka .eis .eiS" u| fldge miq mi ne¨fhñ' Nhdkl hsæ

Nhdkl hsæ ta i;d wefokafka m<uq ug fmkqKq ieáhg kï" th uf.a

fï uy ysig l=vd fjf;d;a uf|ls' ta weiska uy;a wdf,dalhla kslaó"

jk ueoe .õjla muK wE;g úys§ .sfha he' wdf,dalh iqÿ he' ug

ta wei olskakg ,enqfKa fudfydf;ls' t;rï fõ.fhka i;d we§

.sfha he' wfyda" ta i;df.a È. uy;æ ud jeks w,s oyila tla ;eka ù"

ysiska ysi § isá fofokd ne.ska mkaishhla fm<g isge" tfia isáhjqka

msge ke`.S b;sß mkaishh isáh fyd;a" ta i;df.a È.g uy;g iß,k w,s

je<la fj;s hs is;ñ' fï .Kk ud is;d .;af;a miq jehe' t fõf,a kï

ug uf.a ysia .Kk o u;l ke;s úhe' Tyqg mdo fndfyda .Kfkla

jQfha he' fyd| isysfhka isá úfgle j;a th .Kka lsÍu fkd yels he'

.Kka lsÍu ;nd" md keÕSu fy<Su j;a flfia leß‚ o hkq fkd lshe

yels he' .uk t;rï fõ.j;a he' th tfia jqj o" ta i;df.a b;d úYd,

uqL uy;a .Kkla nj o ish,a, tlg tl <x je wxYfhys msysá nj o

fyd¢ka fmkqfKa he' ud isáfha i;df.a olaIsKdxYfha he' jdudxYfhys;a

uqL ù o fkd ù oe hs fkd oksñ' fmkqKq uqLj,ska kï wdf,dalfhla

ksl=;a jQfha he'

ta i;df.a .uk ;ud .ukæ t;rï È. t;rï uy; YÍrhla wefok

l,e wyi fmdf<dj fooeÍu mqÿufhla fkd fõ' mqÿuhg ldrKh kï"

Èfjñka ue Tyq ,k y;sh hs' th .õjla ÿrg wefia hehs is;ñ' y;s

,k l,e uq÷kska uy l¿ j,dl=¿ kslafuhs' ysia uq÷fkys kdih ù o"

lfgla ù oe hs fkd oksñ' l=ula jQj;a tys újrh b;d uy;a úhe hq;= hs'

thska ksl=;a jkqfha kslï ue l¿ j,dl=¿ fkd fõ' ueo ;=frys b;d

uy;a .Kkla §ma;su;a ;drld o fjhs'


b;ska fï i;d .eke Tnf.a ye`.Su flfia o@ wms" w,s fï jkfha

wkdÈ ld,hla uq¿,af,a úiQuq' i;H jYfhka wmf.a ye`.Su jQfha" fï"

w,skg wereKq jkfhle lshd he' ye`.Su oeka fjkia lrkakg ld,h

fkd meñ‚fha o@ ta i;df.a wdydrh l=ula oehs fkd oksñ' uia nqÈkafkla

kï Èklg w,ska mkil=;a u| fj;s hs is;ñ' .y fld< lkafkla kï

fï uy;a jkh i;a wg Èklg jvd fkd iEfya' ta l=ula flfia jqj o wmg

,enQ oYdj Nhxlr he' wm%;sl%shdjia:dj l| ueog ue meñfKkakg m<uq

jdihg fjk jkhla fidhd .ekSu kqjKg yqre he uf.a l,amkdj'


fkd neie u - wvqq fkdù

fkd ke`.e u - jeä fkdù

is; kgjkafka - is;jkafka" ysf;kafka

Èid udrejla - me;s udrejla

;shqKq - ishqï" ;SlaIK

mÍlaIdldÍ ùu - úuis,su;a ùu

Nhxlr - ìhlre" ìh f.k fok

mdofhda - ll=,a$md

w,s je<la - w,s fma<shla

uqL - ljq¿$cfka,

uy;a .Kkla - úYd, m%udKhla$jeä .Kkla

olaIsKdxYfha - ol=Kq me;af;a ^olaIsK¬wxYfha&

jdudxYfha - jï me;af;a ^jdu¬wxYfha&

újrh - isÿr" újD; jQ fldgi

ueoZ;=frys - ueo yßfha ^ueo¬w;=frys&

wkdÈ ld,hla - b;d wE; ld,fha isg

uia nqÈkafkla - uia lkafkla

,enQ oYdj - ,enQ l,oidj

wm%;sl%shdjia:dj - m%;sl¾uhla l< fkd yels wjia:dj

^w¬m%;s¬l%shd¬wjia:dj&

l| ueog - b;d iómhg ^lg <`.g u&


wjfndaOh

1' w,shdg weiqKq yQfjys;a" ysj,a yQfjys;a fjki l=ula o@

2' w,shd fõ.fhka ÈjQ nj yeÕfjk jdlHh Wmqgd olajkak'

3' w,shd ;uka ÿgq wuq;= i;df.a úYd,;ajh m%ldY lf<a flfia o@

4' fuys oelafjk i;df.a wdydrh l=ula úh yels hhs Tn is;kafka o@

5' w,shd ÿgq wuq;= i;df.a ndysr ,laIK ir,j meyeÈ,s lrkak'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' w¾:h Rcqj u fkd lshd jl%j lshefjk jels lSmhla my; oelafõ'

tajdfha Rcq woyi ,shd olajkak'

¸' ‘wi,e jQ .file w;a;la udf.a fid~g meñ‚fha he’¸¸' ‘fld< w;a; o lgg uq;a is;g fkd jkafka he’¸¸¸' ‘udf.a fid~;a" j,.;a ud fkdokajd ue ie‚ka Èid udrejla

lf<a he’¸¼' ‘fï mqj; Tng lshkakgj;a ug wjirhla fkd ,efnkafka he’¼' ‘y;s ,k l,e uq÷kska uy l¿ j,dl=¿ kslafuhs’

2' fuu l;dj rpkd lr we;s NdIdfjys olakg ,efnk úfYaI;d

folla ,shkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fuu l;dj ksjerÈj WÉpdrKh lrñka y~ k`.d lshjkak'

2' l=udr;=x. uqksodi uy;audf.a fjk;a <ud idys;H lD;s fidhd

lshjkak'

3' B<Õ msgqfõ oelafjkafka ‘ilialv’ kï mer‚ fmdf;ka Wmqgd

.;a fldgils' th ksjerÈ WÉpdrKfhka hq;=j Yío kÕd lshjkak'


ilialv

ku# Y%S >Kdh

§mÙlrdyajh uqkSYajr mdouQf,a

ika;HcH ,íOuuD;x lreKdx úOdh

w;Hdys;x mßys;x iqlD;x úfYaId;a

isoaOx kfudaia;= iq.;dh c.oaê;dh'

wm ;:d.;hka ixisoaOdfYaI iïNdr úfYaI idlaId;alrŒh

i¾jmdmu,m%laId,klaIu wd;au fudalaI ksrfmalaI je" WohjHh

NÙ. Nhd§kjdÈ kjuyd úo¾Yk{dk mrïmrdê.; ks¾jdK uyd

iirg mßOdjudk iuia; i;a;aj ud;Ù.hd uyd lreKdÙl=Yfhka

yïk je" cd;s crd NÙ. NÙ.SNÙ. Nhdkl rd.oafõIdu¾Y uoudk

idrïNdÈlaf,aY ulr kslrdlS¾K ixidr uyd¾Kjdj;S¾K

oajdIIaá oDIaácd,djnoaO" i¾ji;a;aj iuqoaOrKdkqnoaO nqoaê we;s

je

ldhÔú; ksrfmalaIdNscd; ks¾NrdNHdys; i¾jf,daffll§mdhudk

§mÙlr ;:d.; jHdlrKdNsfIalfhka W§Klaf,aYu,dm.u

fldge ks¾u, je wfkal uqla;suqla;dkqhd; iuHla iïfndaê

iïNdr ydrd,Ùldrfhka iu,ÙlD; je-YYaj-ÿmdiHudk mdrñ;d

¥;sldkqkShudk O¾u rdcH ,laIaó iÙ.u .uk uÙ.,hg wdrïN

fldge'''


mdvfï i|yka my; olajd we;s mo .ek Tfí wjOdkh fhduq lrkak'

l¿jr ojils

È. yQjla

fuys ojils" yQjla hkq kdu mohs' fuu kdu mo úia;r lsÍu i|yd

l¿jr" È. hk mo fhdod f.k we;' lsishï mohla úia;r flfrñka

Bg bÈßfhka fhfok mo úfYaIK kñka ye¢kafõ' ta wkqj l¿jr" È.

hk mo úfYaIK mohs' my; i|yka mo o úuikak'

Wi <uhd

f,dl= fmd;

È. fïih

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' úfYaIK mo iys;j ,shd we;s kdu mo myla mdvfuka Wmqgd ,shkak'

úfYaIK moh háka brla w¢kak'

2' my; i|yka úfYaIK mo" tla mohla kdu mo folla iu. jk

wdldrhg fhdod jpk oyhla ilia lr ,shkak'

¸' iqÿ ¸¸' l=vd

¸¸¸' Wi ¸¹' isks÷

¹' §¾>

3' by; wNHdifha § ilia l< úfYAIK iys; kdu mo fhdod jdlH

ks¾udKh lrkak'

úfYaIK mo


mkaishmkia cd;l fmd; ,shejqfKa l=reKE., rdcOdks

iufha § h' th nqÿka jykafiaf.a mQ¾j ckau ms<sn| l;d mqj;a

iuQyhla f,i ie,fla' thg uq,a jQ l;d ,sheù we;af;a md,s

NdIdfjks' cd;l fmdf;ys we;=<;a l;d ixLHdj 547la jqj o

wdikak u oyfha .=Kdldrh i,ld th 550la fia ms<s.kakd

nj .%ka: kdufhka fmfkhs' cd;l l;dj,g wkqj fndai;a;=ud

f,ak" uqj" wdÈ i;a;aj l=,j, o Wm; ,nd we;' fuu mdvfï tk

k,mdk cd;lfha § fndai;a;=ud j÷re rcl= f,i oelafõ' ish

jdkr iuQyhdf.a Ôú; Èh rl=il=f.ka fírd .ekSug tu j÷re

rc;=ud m%{djka;j lghq;= l< wdldrh fuu l;djg mdol ù we;'

;j o tla iufhlays foú nUqka uqÿfkys fl<kd md mshqï we;s

f,daliajdñ jQ i¾j{hka jykafia fldfid,a okõfjys ießird weúÈkd

fiala k,mdk kï .ug meñK k,mdk fmdl=K iómfhys jQ jegfla

jkfhys jik fiala ng o~q wrNhd fï cd;lh jod< fial'

tiufhys NslaIQka jykafia k,mdk kï fmdl=fKka meka ikyd

b¢lgq l=<d ksid idufKarhka jykafia ,jd ng o~q lmamjd f.kajd f.k

tA ish¨ ng o~q .eg ke;sj tAlÉýøj È.g u isÿre kshdj oel nqÿka lrd

f.dia “iajdñkS" wms b¢lgq l=<d ksid ng o~q f.kajQïy' tA ng o~q uq,

mgka w. olajd È.g u isÿre h' fï lsfulaoe”hs úpdf<da h' i¾j{hka

jykafia tnia wid “uyfKks" fï udf.a mqrd;kfhys wêIaGdkfhle” hs

jodrd bl=;a j;a olajd jod< fial'

hg .sh oji tjk <eyen j,a jQfha h' tfmdl=fKys tla Èh rl=fila

fmdl=Kg ng ñksiqka lkafka h' tiufhys fndaêi;a;ajfhda;a

;s;a uqjl= id uy;e;s j÷re rcj wiQ oyila muK j÷rka úiska msßjrk

,ÿj j÷re uq< mßyrKh flfrñka tA jkfhys jikakdyq h' tA uy

fndai;dfKda jdkr iuQyhdg wjjdo fokakdyq “orefjks" fï jkfhys

úI jDlaIfhda;a wukqIHdê.DyS; jQ mqIalrŒyq;a fj;s' tfia fyhska

f;dms yeu fkd lE úrE M,dM,fhla lf;d;a fõjhs kqmQ úrE mekla

fndf;d;a fõjhs ud úpdrd u lj fndj”hs úOdk lf<da h' tA

k,mdk cd;lh8


jdkrfhda;a tnia “hym;e”hs ms<sf.k tla ojila fmr fkd .sh úrE

;eklg f.dia t;ekays oyj,a fojre weúo meka fidhkakdyq" tla

fmdl=Kla oel meka fkd î u fndaêi;ajhkaf.a Bu n,d Wkakdyq h'

tl,ays fndaêi;ajfhda wjq;a “lsfula o@ orefjks" meka fkd fndõ oe”hs

lsjQ h' jdkrfhda lshkakdyq “kqU jykafia tk f;la n,d Wkqïy”hs

lsjQ h' fndaêi;ajfhda “orefjks" f;dm l< foa hym;e”hs lshd fmdl=K

isidrd weúo mshjr mÍlaId lrkakdyq Èhg ng mshjr u oel Èfhys

f.dv ke.s mshjrla fkdoel “tAldka;fhka fï wukqIH mß.DyS; jQ

fmdl=Kla jqj uekj”hs oek meka fkd î Wkakd jQ f;dm úiska l<

oE b;d hym;a jkafka h' “fï wukqIHdê.DyS; fmdl=fKle”hs lsjQ h'

Wol rdlaIihd o tA j÷rka Èhg fkd niakdjqka oel ks,a jQ nv yd

Oj, jQ uqL we;sj r;a jQ w;=,a ;," m;=,a ;, we;sj Nhxlr fõYfhka

Èh fonE fldg kslau “l=ula ksid Wkq o@ fmdl=Kg nei meka fndj”hs

lSh' tl, uy fndai;dfKda ´ yg lshkafkda “fï fmdl=fKys Wmka

Wol rdlaIihd kï f;da oe”hs úpdf<da h' “tfia h uu h” lS l,ays

“fmdl=Kg ngqjka lkag ,efnkafka oe”hs lsjQ h' “tfia h ,nñ" uu

óg ng hg;a msßfihska mlaISka mgka lsis flfkl=ka fkd yßñ' f;dm

yeu fokd;a lkafkï fõ oe˜hs Èh rl=iq lS h' tnia weiQ fndaêi;ajfhda

“wms f;dm úiska wm yeu fokd lE fkd foïy”hs lsjQ h' “tfia l,

mekq;a fndkafkõ oe”hs Èh rl=iq lS h' “tfia h mekq;a fndïy' f;dm

jiÕhg;a fkd meñfKïy”hs lsjQ h' “tfia l, flfia meka fndõ

oe”hs Wol rdlaIihd lS l,ays “lsfula o@ f;da nei meka fnd;s hs

is;kafkys oe”hs fndaêi;ajfhda lshd “wms yeu wiQ oyila muK j÷frda

fmdl=Kg fkd nei u tlS tlS ng oKavla f.k weUq,a oKafvka meka

fndkakjqka fuka ;df.a fmdl=fKka meka fndïy' tfia l,ays f;dms

wm yeu fokd lkag wiu;a jkafkys fõ oe”hs lsjQ h' fufia lshd uy

fndai;dfKda tla ng oKavla f.kajd yer f.k mdró O¾uhka wdj¾ckd

flfrñka i;Hl%shd fldg uqLfhka msUmQy' ng oKav we;=f<ka lsis u

.eghla ke;sj uq, isg w. olajd yeu ;ek isÿre úh' fuu l%ufhka

wksl=;a ng o~q f.kajd msU ÿkafka h' ;j o fufia l,ays msU ksu

jkakg fkd ms<sjkah hs lshd fndaêi;ajfhda fï fmdl=K jg fldg yg

.;a ish¨ ng o~q tAlÉýø fõj˜h lshd wêIaGdk lf<da h'

fndaêi;ajjrhkaf.a l=i,a uy;a neúka is;+ foh iuDoaO jkafka h'

tfia fyhska t;eka mgka tA fmdl=K jg fldg ish¨ u ng o~q tAlÉýø


úh' tAlrkaO% úh' fï l,amfhys l,amia:dhsl jQ m%d;syd¾h i;frla

jkafka h' tA i;r ljf¾ o@ h;a" pkaøhdf.a YY ,d[aPkh fï l,amh

uq¿,af,ys .skafkka fkd ojkafka h' jÜgl cd;lfhys .sks ksù

.sh ;eka fï lm uq¿,af,ys .skafkka fkd ojkafka h' >àldr kï

l=ïNldrhdf.a f.h msysá ;eka ish¨ fï lm fkd f;ó ;sfnkafka h'

fï fmdl=K msßjrd isá ish¨ ng o~q fï lm uq¿,af,ys tAlrkaO% j

;sfnkafka hhs fufia l,amia:dhS jQ m%d;syd¾h i;frla jkafka h'

fndaêi;ajfhda fufia wêIaGdk fldg tl ng oKavla f.k Wkakdyq

h' tA wiQoyila muK jdkrfhda;a tls tlS ng oKavla f.k fmdl=K

msßjrd Wkakdyq h' Tyq yeu fokd;a fndaêi;ajhka ng oKafvka Wrd

meka fndkakg mgka .;a l,ays yeu fok u f.dv ys| ng oKafvka Wrd

meka mQjdyq h' fufia Tjqka yeu fokd meka mQ l,ays Wol rdlaIihd

lsisjla fkd ,en fkd i;=gq jQ is;a we;sj ;ud jikakd jQ ia:dkhg

u .sfhah' fndaêi;ajfhda;a iymsßjßka j,g u jkakdyqh' Ydia;D jQ

iuHla iïnqÿrcdKka jykafia “uyfKks" fï ng o~q isÿre ùu udf.a

u mqrd;k wêIaGdkfhle”hs fï O¾u foaYkdj f.k yer olajd jodrd

mQ¾jdmr ikaê .<md fï k,mdk cd;lh ksujd jod< fial'


w;=,a ;, - w,a,

wukqIHdê.DyS; - wukqIHhka wrla .;a

wdj¾ckd flfrñka- fufkys lrñka

weUq,a - iqÿ uyfk,a

b¢lgq l=<d - b¢lgq ouk fldmqj

Wol rdlaIihd - Èh rl=id

tAlÉýø - tla isÿrla we;s

tAlrkaO% - tla isÿrla we;s

tAldka;fhka - ksielfhka" ksYaÑ;j

l,amia:dhsl - l,amhla mj;sk

flf<kd - l%Svd lrkakd jQ

oKafvka - ^u,a& kgqfjka

okõj - rdcHhl ckdjdi jQ úYd, m%foaYh

Oj, - iqÿ


kshdj - nj

ksid - ms‚i

fkd lE úrE - fmr fkd lk ,o

fkd .sh úrE - fmr fkd hk ,o

kqmQ úrE - fmr fkd fndk ,o

mß.DyS; - wrla .;a

mdmshqï - mdo kue;s fk¨ï u,a

msßjrd - jgd /ia ù

mqIalrŒyq - fmdl=Kq

mQ¾jdmr ikaê .<md - l;djl wdrïNfha iy wjidkfha

iïnkaOh f.k yer olajd

m%d;syd¾h - ydialu$ukqIH;ajh blaujQ mqÿu

iy.; isÿùu

M,dM,fhla - f,dl= l=vd f.ä j¾.

^fmdl=Kg& ng - ^fmdl=Kg& neiaid jQ

ngqjka - neiai wh

nUqka - n%yauhka

fndai;dKka - nqoaO;ajh ms‚i fmreï mqrkakka

uqjl= id - uqjl= ;rï

hg;a msßfihska - wvq u jYfhka

f,daliajdó - f,djg kdhl jQ¦ tkï nqÿrcdKka

jykafia

j÷re uq< - j÷re rxpqj

j,g - le,Ejg

j,a jQfha h - le,Ejla njg m;a úh

jiÕhg - hg;g

i;H l%shd - ;udf.a i;H jQ .=Khla i,ld tu

i;Hfha n,fhka ;udf.a woyi

bgqfõjd hs lrk wêIaGdkh

iuDoaO jkafka h - id¾:l jkafka h" iM, jkafka h


wjfndaOh

mdvu lshjd my; i|yka m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re ,shkak'

1' j÷re rxpqj Tjqkag yuq jQ fmdl=fKka meka fkd ìõfõ wehs@

2' j÷re kdhlhdf.a mÍlaIdjg wkqj ta fmdl=K fln÷ fmdl=Kla o@

3' Wol rdlaIihdf.a iajrEmh ,shkak'

4' j÷re msßi fmdl=Kg fkd nei meka ìõfõ flfia o@

5' j÷rka fmdl=Kg fkd neiSu ksid Wol rdlaIihd lf<a l=ula o@

6' k,mdk cd;l l;dfjka .; yels wdo¾Yh l=ula o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' iqÿiq ms<s;=re fhdod ysia;eka mqrjkak'

¸' nqÿrcdKka jykafia k,mdk .ug jevu lr k,mdk fmdl=K

iómfhys jQ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' jdih lrk wjia:dfõ '''''''''''''''''''

wrNhd k,mdk cd;lh foaYkd l<y'

¸¸' NslaIQka jykafia k,mdk kï fmdl=fKka meka ikyd ''''''''''''''

'''''''''''''''''' i|yd '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ,jd ng o~q lmamjd f.kajd

.;ay'

¸¸¸' tA ld,fhys fndaêi;a;ajfhda ;s;a uqjl= ;rï uy; we;s j÷re

rcl=j '''''''''''''''''''' muK j÷rka msßjrd f.k jdih lf<da h'

¸¹' uy fndai;dfKda tla ng oKavla f.kajd f.k ''''''''''''''''''''''''

wdj¾ckd lrñka ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' fldg uqLfhka msöu ksid

ish¨ ng o~q '''''''''''''''''''''' úh'

i¾j{ - f,dj ish,a, o;a W;a;uhd¦

tkï nqÿrcdKka jykafia

iymsßjßka - msßjr iys;j

isidrd - jghla .uka lr

YY ,d[aPkh - ydjdf.a i,l=K

jkh - le,h


2' my; i|yka m%ldY ld úiska" ld yg" lshk ,o oehs ,shkak'

¸' “uyfKks" fï udf.a mqrd;kfhys wêIaGdkhle” ¸¸' “lsfula o orefjks" meka fkd fndõ o@” ¸¸¸' “tfia h" mekq;a fndïy' f;dm jiÕhg;a fkd meñfKïy”3' my; i|yka m%ldY Tfí jpkfhka ,shkak'

¸' “iajdókS" wms b¢lgq l=<d ksid ng o~q f.kajQïy”¸¸' “orefjks" fï jkfhys úI jDlaIfhda;a wukqIHdê.DyS; jQ

mqIalr‚yq;a fj;a'''”¸¸¸' “tAldka;fhka fï wukqIH mß.DyS; jQ fmdl=Kla jqj uekj”¸¹' “fndaêi;a;ajjrhkaf.a l=i,a uy;a neúka is;+ foh iuDoaO

jkafka h'

¹' “fï l,amfhys l,amia:dhS jQ m%d;syd¾h i;frla jkafka h'”

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fuu mdvu ksjerÈ WÉpdrKh iys;j Y%e;s f.dapr ffY,sfhka

mka;sh bÈßfha y~ kÕd lshjkak'

2 my; i|yka jkafka ‘kßnEkd’ kdgHfhka Wmqgd .;a fldgils' th

kdgHdkqidrfhka lshjkak'

^kß f.or .u ÿj y`vñka isà' kßhd weh ikikak jEhï lrhs'&

kßhd( oeka b;ska Tfydu lk.dgqfjka bkak tmd' fudlla

o b;ska lk.dgqfjka bkak ;sfhk fya;=j' i;a;=

WKdg wms;a okakj §. lk yeá' ^.u ÿj je,fmk

ieá n,d& b;ska ´lg Th yeá lE.ykak ´ke he'

wofk wïu, tk oji' ÿjf. oEjeoao;a wrx tkj

lsõfj'

^fï w;r kE.x meñKs wh msg; isg&

kß nEfkda fï wykak

oEjeoao;a wrx fukak

wms wdjd ¥ n,kak

f.g tkakg fodr wßkak

^foujqmshka meñK y`v .dk Yíoh weiqK kßhd m%S;sfhka ta nj .u ÿjg

mjihs'&


kßhd( b;sx iekfikak

fyd¢ka mq¿jka fk

foujqmsfhd fokak

weú;a wr bkafk

fuf;la Wv mekafk

.ñka tklka fk

yq`.la oEjeoao

f.k;a we;s fjkake

f.dvla nvq uqÜgq

f.k;a we;s fjkake

fyd¢ka l,ßkak

b;ska mq¿jka fk

.u ÿj( ^l,n, ù ysi Tijd&

fudlla o lsõfj@

.ñx weúÈ,a,æ

kßhd( .ñx weúÈ,a,

.ñx weúÈ,a,

lejqï flfy¨;a fnd

wrx weúÈ,a,

b;sx ke.sákak

fo weia msy.kak

fyd¢ka yerfykak

.sysx fodrßkak

foujqmsfhd fokak

fyd¢ka ms<s.kak

^.u ÿj ú.i ke.sg ,l,eyeia;s ù f.dia fodr wßhs' .urd," .u uyf. iy

lmqrd, we;=¿ fj;s' .urd,f.a ysi u; lejqï fmÜáhla fjhs'&

kßhd( n,x wms Wkafk

tfyx tklka fk

fufyx b| .kak

fufyx b|.kak

^ish,af,da u jdä fj;s&

^.u ÿjg&


nq,;a úg lkak

.syska f.k tkak

^.u ÿj msg fjhs&

kß nEkd( ^.u uyf.g&

jevla lr .kak

Woõjg .kak

flfkla wr.kak

;uhs uu bkafk

^.u ÿj f.kd b,;a;Ügqj .u uyf.g ms<s.kajñka&

nq,;a yemshela o

fldgkav o kekafo

.u uyf.( lula keye nEfkd

ymkakg yelals

^.u uyf. b,;a;Ügqj .kshs' kßhd .urd, fj; hhs'&

kßhd( iqreÜgq o fndkafk

nq,;a u o lkafk

.urd,( fykx f.k tkak

iqreÜgqj fndkak

^kßhd .u uyf.f.ka b,;a;Ügqj f.k th lmqrd,g ms<s.kajhs' lmqrd,

odäh msôhs'&

kßhd( mhsx weúÈ,a,

uykais o ukao

lmqrd,( f.däka mek .;a;

yq`.la <`. yskao

kßhd( ^iqreÜgqj f.k taug msg;a ù kej; yeÍ&

fufy;a yß jeiai

tfy;a fyu fjkake

ish,a,( wfmdhs yß jeiai

fj,;a W;=rkak

^kßhd iqreÜgqjla f.kú;a .urd,g fohs'&


my; i|yka jpk ksjerÈj WÉpdrKh lrkak'

‘w’ ;Srfha we;s jpkj, háka bß we¢ wl=re WÉpdrKfha § iy ‘wd’ ;Srfha we;s jpkj, háka bß we¢ wl=re WÉpdrKfha § hï fjkila

y÷kd .; yels oehs n,kak'

‘w’ ;Srfha wl=re WÉpdrKh lrkjdg jvd jeä y~lska ‘wd’ ;Srfha

wl=re WÉpdrKh flfrk nj wjfndaO lr .; yels h' tfia jvd jeä

y~lska WÉpdrKh flfrk wl=re ‘uydm%dK wl=re’ f,i;a uydm%dK

wl=re Yío flfrkjdg jvd wvq yçka Yío flfrk wl=re ‘w,amm%dK

wl=re’ f,i;a ye¢kafõ'

uydm%dK wlaIr

^w&

l l;r.u

. .x.dj

p pß;h

c ck;dj

g glru

v lvh

; ;r.h

o oyj,a

m myk

n nÿ,a,

^wd&

L ixL

> ix>hd

P Pkaoh

® ®dk

G mSGh

V wdrEV

: ia:dk

O O¾uh

M m%;sM,h

N Nhdkl


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' mdvfï i|yka jk uydm%dK wl=re iys; jpk ish,a, ,ehsia;=.;

lrkak'

2' iqÿiq wlaIr fhdod ysia;eka mqrjkak'

my; i|yka jpk ksjerÈj WÉpdrKh lrkak'

‘w’ ;Srfha jpkj, háka bß we¢ wl=re WÉpdrKfha § iy ‘wd’ ;Srfha

we;s jpkj, háka bß we¢ wl=re WÉpdrKfha § hï fjkila y÷kd

.; yels oehs n,kak'

isxy, f,aLkfha yuq jk Õ c ~ | U hk wl=re my i[a[l wl=re

fjhs'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' mdvfuys i|yka jk i[a[l wlaIr iys; jpk my ne.ska fidhd

wNHdi fmdf;a ,shkak'

2' Õ" `v" |" U hk i[a[l wlaIrj,g úúO ms,a,ï tl;= ù iEfok

jpk fol ne.ska fidhd wNHdi fmdf;a ,shkak'

ix'''''''j ^lHd$LHd&

'''''''klh ^.$>&

'''''''hd rEmh ^pd$Pd&

jÊ'''''' mq;a;l ^ð$¯&

.+'''''' ^v$V&

ia''''''jr ^;d$:d&

wjfnda'''''h ^o$O&

mqIa'''''h ^m$M&

''''';a;drduh ^fl$fL&

Woafhda'''''h ^.$>&

mßÉ'''''''oh ^fÉ$fþ&

.sÊ'''''l+G ^c$®&

l+'''''h ^v$V&

m%'''''m;a;sh ^;s$Ó&

'''''laIsK ^o$O&

j¾.''''',h ^m$M&

i[a[l wlaIr

^w& ^wd&

. w. - Õ wÕ

v wv - ~ w~

o wo - | w|

n wn - U wU


k K

, <

WÉpdrKfha § fï wlaIr iudk yçka Yío jqj;a ,sùfï § wod< wl=r

kshñ; ia:dkfha fkd fhÿKfyd;a w¾:h fjkia úh yels h' ksjerÈ

wl=r iïu;h wkqj ,sùu ms<s.;a f,aLk Í;sh hs'

WodyrK(-

^»& l+vqfõ isr ù" irKla ke;sj isá l=re,a,d wyfia irk l=re,a,l=

foi n,d ÿla jkq we;ehs <uhdg is;s‚'

fuu WodyrKfha m<uqj fhfok “irKla” hkak “msysgla” hk

w¾:fhka o fojk “irk” hkak “yeisfrk” hk w¾:fhka o fh§

we;'

^»»& me,g .sh f.dúhd f.dhï me< mS§ ;sfnkq oel i;=gq úh'

fuys “me,g” hk jpkh ;djld,slj iE¥ l=vd u~qj hk w¾:fhka

fhfok w;r fojkqj fhfok “me<” hkak l=vd .ia hk w¾:fhka o

fhfoa'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; i|yka jpk hq., fhdod w¾:j;a jdlH ks¾udKh lrkak'

i' l, - l< iv' jkh - jKh

ii' kqjk - kqjK v' Wrk - WrK

iii' me, - me<

2' mdvfï i|yka uQ¾Oc wlaIr iys; jpk f;dard w¾:j;a jdlHh

ne.ska ks¾udKh lrkak'

3' iqÿiq wlaIrh fhdod ysia;eka mqrjkak'

niakej;=ï fmd'''''' ^," <& uE''''''fhda ^ks" ‚&

t''''''kjd ^," <& fõ''''''kjd ^," <&

mÍlaI'''''''h ^k" K& n'''''''kjd ^ks" ‚&

uy''''''' ksjdih ^¨" ¿& jod'''''' ^," <&

4' ‘K’ wl=frka wjidk jk jpk myla fidhd ,shkak'

5' ‘<’ wl=frka wdrïN jk jpk myla fidhd ,shkak'

k" K" ," < Ndú;h


ls%hd mo yd tys m%fNao

NdIdj ud¾.fhka woyia m%ldY lrkqfha wre;a iys; tall jk

mo ud¾.fhks' l;dfjys § wre;a m< flfrkqfha Yíoj,ska

ieÿKq mo Ndú;fhks' tu mo f,aLkfhys ,d wlaIrj,ska ,shd

oelafjhs' isxy,fhys mo j¾. ;=kls' kdu mo" l%shd mo yd

ksmd; hkq ta j¾. ;=k hs' jdlHhla ilia jkafka fï j¾.

;=kg wh;a mo ksis ms<sfj<g fm< .eiqKq úg h' fï mdvu

isxy,fha l%shd mo yd tys m%fNao ms<sn|j ,shjqKls' jpk fNaoh"

ld, fNaoh" mqreI fNaoh yd ,sx. fNaoh mokï fldg .ksñka

l%shd mo j¾.SlrKh fuys oelafõ'

Èjhsfka wksla me;af;a jdihg hdug lghq;= wdrïN l< hq;= h hs

fndaÜgqj w¨;ajeähd lsÍu wjika l< jyd u rKrd, fhdackd flf<a h'

uqyqfoka nvq f.dv we§u ta lghq;= ksid k;r lsÍug isÿ úh' levqKq

keúka uqyqog jegqKq øjHj,ska úYd, fldgila ;j u uqyqfoys md fjñka

we;' fjr<ska f.k f.dia l+vdrïj, ;ekam;a l< fkd yels jQ nvq

uqyqo m%pKav jQ úg r<g wiq ù h<s;a uqyqog .id f.k hdu je<elaùug

fjr<ska wE;g weo wõfjka wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd je,sj,ska jik ,È'

Èjhsfka wksla md¾Yajfhys jdihg hdfï lghq;= wdrïN lrk ,oafoa

h' Tjqyq tl l+vdrula .e<jQy' l+vdru;a tys ;snQ fuÜg yd we;sß,s;a

m<uq fldg fndaÜgqfjka wksla me;a;g f.k hdug ;SrKh lr .kakd

,È' rKrd,;a mshodi;a nvq fndaÜgqfõ oud th fjr<ska u|la wE;g

yn,ska meo rej, kexjQy' meh follska Tjqyq Èjhsfka wksla me;a;g

meñ‚fhda h' jyd u wdmiq hdu i|yd Tjqyq blaukska nvq f.dv wÈkag

jQy'

“oeka W,amf;a yeá fldfydu o lshd n,uq'” hs mshodi fhdackd flf<a h'

Tjqyq tys .shy' j< msßisÿ Èfhka msÍ ;snqfKa h'

“fuÉpr fyd| j;=r uu ljod j;a oelafla keye” hs mshodi lS h'

“wms fï me;af;a mÈxÑhg wdjd u fï W,amf;ka u j;=r ,nd .kag

mq¿jka jk úêhg fijK we;s ;eklska <s|la ydrkag ´kE"”hs rKrd,

9


lSfõ h' “fu;k fijKla ke;s ksid <sf|a j;=r blaukg wvq fjkag

mq¿jks'”t;ekska bj;a jQ jyd u Tjqyq fndaÜgqjg keÕ wdmiq .shy' Tjqka tmuK

blaukska wdmiq tau iurúl%uf.a;a úu,df.a;a mqÿuhg fya;= úh'

“fndfydu blaukg wdjd fka o@” hs úu,d lSjd h'

“fuÉpr blaukg ta h hs uu n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfKa keye” hs iurúl%u

lS h'

“wïfï" wksla mdr uu;a fndaÜgqfjka hkjd” hs Yr;a lE .eiqfõ h'

“Yr;a wms;a tlal fndaÜgqfjka hkak ;j wä folla ú;r Wia fjkag

´kE” hs fmd,a .ila hg ys| .ksñka rKrd, lS h'

miq Èk rKrd, bjqï msiqï i|yd wjYH Ndck o fjk;a nvq rdYshla o

fndaÜgqfjys mgjd f.k Èjhsfka wksla me;a; n,d hd;%d flf<a h' Bg

u| fõ,djlg miq mshodi t¿jka f.däka Èjhsfkys wksla me;a;g f.k

hdug msg;a úh' myiqfjka f.k hd yels we;eï NdKav ysi msg mgjd

.;a ìfidaue‚ld;a Tyq iuÕ .shd h' iurúl%u úu,df.a o <uhskaf.a o

wdrlaIdj i|yd l+vdrfuys kej;=fKa h' mshodi yd ìfidaue‚ld;a

iuÕ ;udg;a hdug bv fokakehs b,a,d Yr;a y`vkag jQ kuq;a úu,d

Bg bv kqÿkakd h'

mshodi;a ìfidaue‚ld;a Èjhsfka wksla me;a;g meñfKk úg rKrd,

;ud fndaÜgqfjys f.kd nvq fjrf<ys ;nd .ila hg ys| isáfha h'

Bg fmr Èk f.kd l+vdru rKrd, mshodif.a yd ìfidaue‚ldf.a o

Wmldrh we;sj bÈ flf<a h' blaì;s Tjqyq bjqï msiqï lsÍug ;ekla

iQodkï l<y'

wk;=rej Tjqyq ;=ka fokd wdmiq taug fndaÜgqfjys keÕ=Kdy' fndaÜgqj

.,a jeáfhka Tíng hk f;la rKrd, th yn,ska meo rej, kexù h'

miq Èk Èjhsfka wksla me;af;ys jdihg hdug ish,af,da u ieriqKdy'

ysre keÕ=Kq jyd u keÕsá Tjqyq .ukg iQodkï jQy' rKrd, b;sßj

;snqKq l+vdru .,jd yl=<d fndaÜgqfjys ;enqfõ h' blaì;sj l+vdrfï

;snqKq fuÜg yd we;sß,s;a fndaÜgqjg f.k hk ,È' msÕka fldamam

wdÈh o fjk;a we;eï Ndck o fndaÜgqfõ ;eìh yels jk f,i Tjqyq

Woh wdydrh wkqNj lsÍu blaukska wjika l<y'


fï nvq fndaÜgqfõ mgjd .;a rKrd, hd;%drïN flf<a h' Bg meh

Nd.hlg muK miq iurúl%u yd úu,d o mshodi yd wksla <uhs o

le,h yryd wksla me;a;g hdug msg;a jQy' ìfidaue‚ld iqcd;d w;ska

w,a,d f.k .shd h' úu,d Yr;a w;ska w,a,d f.k .uka l<d h'

“wïudj tlal hkafka uu h”hs fmd,a .iaj, flgqï ,l=Kq n,ñka

bÈßfhka .uka lrk mshodig Yr;a lSfõ h' ie;emau folla muK .uka

l< miq ;u ll=,a ßfok nj lshd Yr;a y`vkag jQ fyhska iurúl%u Tyq

Tijd f.k hkag úh' fiñka .uka lsÍu;a lSm ;ekl kej;S .suka

yeÍu;a ksid Tjqkag Èjhsk yryd hdug meh y;rla muK .; úh'

Tjqka Èjhsfka wksla me;a;g hk úg rKrd, Tjqka i|yd wdydr msiñka

isáfha h' ;j;a l+vdrula bÈ lsÍu;a ;uka f.kd nvq ;ekam;a lsÍu;a

yefrkag tÈk Tjqkag wka lsisjla lsÍug bv fkd ,enqfKa h'

rKrd," Ô' î' fiakdkdhl

^lemagka mafrâßla ueßhÜ ,shQ udiag¾uka frä kue;s bx.sßis kjl;dj

weiqßka <uhska i|yd ,shk ,oaols&'

ls%hd mo

my; oelafjk jdlH foi n,kak'

¸' ìfidaue‚ld;a Tyq iuÕ .shd h'

¸¸' j< msßisÿ Èfhka msÍ ;snqfKa h'

¸¸¸' l+vdrula bÈ l< hq;= nj rKrd<g is;s‚'

fuys “.shd h” hk mofhka hula lrk njla o"

“msÍ ;snqfKa h” hk mofhka hï isÿùula .ek o"

“is;s‚” hk mofhka hï ú£ula .ek o lshfõ'

³ ta wkqj “lsÍula" isÿùula fyda ú£ula” .ek lshefjk mo" ls%hd

mo kñka ye¢kafjhs'

by; jdlHj, ‘.shd h" msÍ ;snqfKa h" is;s‚’ hk moj,ska jdlH

wjidk lr we;' tneúka tajd wdLHd; fyj;a wjidk ls%hd f,i

ye¢kafjhs'


jpk fNaoh

¸' rKrd, fhdackd flf<a h'

¸¸' Tjqyq bjqï msyqï lsÍug ;ekla iQodkï l<y'

fuu jdlH foflka m<uq jekafka Wla;h tal jpk ksid Bg

wkqrEmj fhfok wdLHd;h o tal jpk iajrEmfhka mj;S' fojekafka

Wla;h zTjqyqZ hkak hs' th nyq jpk mohla ksid wdLHd;h nyq

jpkfhka ;nd we;'

fuu jdlH f.dkq foflka jï mi f.dkqfõ jdlHj, wjidk ls%hd

mo —,shhs" .hhs" lshjñ˜ hkqfjka o ol=Kq mi f.dkqfõ —,sh;s" .hyq"

lshjuq˜ hkqfjka o fh§ we;' Wla;h jYfhka fhfok mofha tal

jpk nyq jpk fNaoh wkqj wdLHd;j, o tal jpk nyq jpk fyaohla

mj;sk nj fuhska meyeÈ,s fõ'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' § we;s l;dfõ tk ls%hd mo tal jpk" nyq jpk jYfhka j.= .;

lrkak'

¸' u,a,S lúhla ,shhs'

¸¸' kqU .Shla .hys'

¸¸¸' uu fmd;la lshjñ'

¸' Tjqyq lú ,sh; s'

¸¸' kqU,d .Shla .hy q'

¸¸¸' wms fmd;la lshju q'

tal jpk nyq jpk

ls%hd mo

tal jpk nyq jpk

,shhs$.hys$lshjñ ,sh;s$.hyq$lshjuq


2' j.=fjka Wmqgd .;a tal jpk ls%hd mo myla nyq jpkhg yrjkak'

3' tfia ilia lrk ,o nyq jpk ls%hd mo fhdod jdlH myla ks¾udKh

lrkak'

4' j.=fjka Wmqgd .;a nyq jpk ls%hd mo myla tal jpkhg yrjkak'

5' tfia ilia lr .kakd ,o tal jpk ls%hd mo fhdod jdlH myla

ks¾udKh lr ,shkak'

by; oelajQ ls%hd moj, W;a;u mqreI" uOHu mqreI yd m%:u mqreI

hkqfjka mqreI fNaohla o olakg ,efí' my; oelafjk igykska ta

neõ meyeÈ,s fõ'

mqreI tal jpk nyq jpk

W;a;u mqreI ^uu&'''''''''''' lshjñ' ^wms&''''''''''''' lshjuq'

uOHu mqreI ^kqU&''''''''''' .hys' ^kqU,d&'''''''''' .hyq'

m%:u mqreI ^Tyq&'''''''''''' ,shhs' ^Tjqyq&''''''''''''' ,sh;s'

ta wkqj"

³ Wla;h f,i W;a;u mqreI i¾j kdu mohla fhfok jdlHhl

wdLHd;h ^wjidk ls%hdj& f,i Ndú; lrk ls%hd moh W;a;u

mqreI fõ'

W;a;u mqreI Wla;h W;a;u mqreI wdLHd;h

uu ^fmd;a& n,ñ'

wms ^fmd;a& n,uq'

³ Wla;h jYfhka uOHu mqreI i¾j kduhla fhfok jdlHhl

wdLHd;h f,i Ndú; lrk ls%hd moh uOHu mqreI fõ'

mqreI fNaoh


uOHu mqreI Wla;h uOHu mqreI wdLHd;h

kqU$f;da$hqIau;d ^fmd;a& n,ys'

kqU,d $f;dms $hqIau;ayq ^fmd;a& n,yq'

³ m%:u mqreI kdu mohla Wla;h f,i fhfok jdlHhl wdLHd;h

f,i Ndú; lrk ls%hd moh m%:u mqreI fõ'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' mdvfï tk ls%hd mo mqreI ;=k hgf;a fjka fldg olajkak'

m%:u mqreI Wla;h m%:u mqreI wdLHd;h

Tyq$ weh$ <uhd

Tjqyq $<uhs

^fmd;a& n,hss'

^fmd;a& n,;s'

ls%hd mo

W;a;u mqreI uOHu mqreI m%:u mqreI

W;a;u mqreI uOHu mqreI m%:u mqreI


2' Tn leu;s ls%hd mohla f;dard f.k th my; oelafjk igykg

wkqj jpkj,g;a mqreIj,g;a j¾. lr j.= .; lrkak'

3' iqÿiq ls%hd mo jryka ;=<ska f;dard jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'

¸' uu w¨;a f,djla ''' ¸¸' wms w¨;a f,djla '''

¸¸¸' kqU w¨;a f,djla ''' ¸¹' kqU,d w¨;a f,djla '''

¹' <uhd w¨;a f,djla ''' ¹¸' <uhs w¨;a f,djla '''

^;k;s" ;kuq" ;kyq" ;kys" ;kñ" ;khs&

¸' mdßfNda.slfhda fj<| m<g .sfhda h'

¸¸' ó ueiafida u,a frdka Wrd îfjda h'

¸¸¸' Tyq ish ks¾udKh ksud lf<a h'

¸¹' uu úfoia.; jQfhñ'

¹' wms úfoia.; jQfhuq'

³ fï jdlHj, we;s “.sfha h" .sfhda h" îfjda h" lf<a h" jQfhñ"

jQfhuq” hk ls%hd moj,ska lshfjk ls%hdj isÿ lr wjika h'

tneúka tajd w;S; ld, ls%hd mo f,i y÷kajuq'

¸' uu .S;hla ri ú¢ñ$ú¢kafkñ'

¸¸' wms lS%vd ;r.hg iyNd.S fjuq$jkafkuq'

¸¸¸' ksfõolhd ujqni yodrhs$yodrkafka h'

³fïjdfha tk ls%hd moj,ska j¾;udk ld, w¾:hla m%ldY lrhs'

¸' uu fyg .S;hla ri ú¢ñ$ú¢kafkñ'

¸¸' wms fyg lS%vd ;r.hg iyNd.s fjuq$jkafkuq'

¸¸¸' ksfõolhd wksoaod ujq ni yodrhs$yodrkafka h'

mqreIh tal jpk nyq jpk

W;a;u mqreI

uOHu mqreI

m%:u mqreI

ld, fNaoh


³fï jdlHj, we;s j¾;udk ls%hd moj,ska" wkd.; w¾:hla m%ldY

lsÍu i|yd fyg" wksoaod hk wkd.; w¾: f.k fok mo fhdod f.k

we;' uq,a f.dkq foflys jdlHj, ;sfnk ls%hd moj, w;S;" j¾;udk

hk ld, fol meyeÈ,sj olakg we;;a f;jk f.dkqfõ jdlHj,

wkd.; ld, ls%hd mohla olakg ke;' ta i|yd j¾;udk ld, ls%hd

mohla iu. wkd.; ld, w¾:hla m%ldY lrk mohla fhdod .kakd

nj ta wkqj meyeÈ,s fõ'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' § we;s l;d mqjf;a tk ls%hd mo" ld, fNaoh wkqj j¾. lr olajkak'

2' my; oelafjk jdlH w;S; ld, ls%hd mo fhdod iïmQ¾K lrkak'

¸' ix.S;{hd ñysß jdokhla '''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸' wms fõ,dikska u mqia;ld,hg ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¸¸' uu ms<s.ekSfï W;aijh ne,Sug '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¹' .=re;=ud isxy, mdvu '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¹' Tjqyq w,s wkd:d.drh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

3' my; oelafjk jdlH j¾;udk ld, ls%hd mo fhdod iïmQ¾K

lrkak'

¸' l=re,af,da wyfia mshdir '''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¸' jk i;a;= le,Efõ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¸¸' Tjqyq nia keje;=u lrd '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¹' ldka;dj uys,d iñ;shg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¹' YsIHfhda lS%vd ;r.hg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

ls%hd mo

w;S; wk;S;

j¾;udk wkd.;


4' my; oelafjk jdlH wkd.; w¾:h m%ldY jk mo fhdod ,shkak'

¸' uu úNd.hg bÈßm;a ùug hñ$hkafkñ'

¸¸' wms fmryer ne,Sug huq$hkafkuq'

¸¸¸' Wmdisldj úydria:dkhg hhs$hkakS h'

¸¹' iñ;sfha idudðlfhda u< f.org iyNd.S fj;s$jkafkda h'

¸' ñ;=rd fmd;la ;E.s lf<a h'

¸¸' ñ;=ßh fmd;la ;E.s l<d h'

fuys m<uq jdlHfha ‘ñ;=rd’ hk Wla;hg ‘lf<a h’ hk wdLHd;h;a

fojeks jdlHfha ‘ñ;=ßh’ hk Wla;hg ‘l<d h’ hk wdLHd;h;a fh§

we;'

tfia fh§ we;af;a Wla;fha ,sx.hg wkqj h'

lf<a h hkafkka mqreI ,sx. w¾:h;a"

l<d h hkafkka ia;S% ,sx. w¾:h;a m%ldY fjhs'

³ fufia ,sx. fNaoh hgf;a j¾. l< yelafla m%:u mqreIhg

wh;a ls%hd mo mu‚'

¸' ñ;=rd fmd;la ;E.s lrhs'

¸' ñ;=ßh fmd;la ;E.s lrhs'

¸¸¸' ñ;=frda fmd;a ;E.s lr;s'

¸¹' ñ;=ßfhda fmd;a ;E.s lr;s'

³ fuu jdlHj, ls%hd mohkays ia;S% ,sx." mqreI ,sx. fNaohla

olakg ke;'

orejd ìug jefghs'

oeßh ìug jefghs'

fmd; ìug jefghs'

,sx. fNaoh


³ ta wkqj meyeÈ,s jkafka isxy, NdIdfõ tk iuyr ls%hd

moj, ,sx. fNaohla olakg ,enqK o fndfyda ls%hd moj, ,sx.

fNaohla olakg ke;'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' § we;s l;d mqjf;a tk ls%hd mo ,sx. fNaoh wkqj j¾. lrkak'

2' my; oelafjk jdlH w;S; ld, ls%hd mo fhdod iïmQ¾K lrkak'

¸' kx.S lS%vd kdhsldj '''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¸' fidfydhqrd úNd.h iu;a ''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¸¸' uj orejka fmdaIKh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¹' oeßh ìug ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¹' .=re;=ñh .Shla '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

3' Tn leu;s ls%hd mohla f;dard f.k my; j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'

ls%hd mo

ia;S% ,sx. mqreI ,sx.

w;S; wk;S;

tal jpk nyq jpk tal jpk nyq jpk

W;a;u mqreI

uOHu mqreI

m%:u ia;S%

mqreI ,sx.

mqreI

,sx.


óg by; mdvïj, § kdu mo yd l%shd mo .ek;a tajdfha j¾.

lsÍï .ek;a yeoErefjuq' oeka kdu mo yd ls%hd mo Ndú; fldg

jdlH ks¾udKh lruq'

<uhd me<hla isgqjhs'

) fuys ‘issgqjhs’ hk wdLHd;fhka isgqjkafka ljqre o hk m%Yakh

u;= fjhs' ms<s;=r jkafka ‘<uhd’ hkak hs'

th jdlHfha ‘Wla;h’hs'

) isgqjkafka fudkjd o hkak B <`.g u;= jk m%Yakh hs'

thg ms<s;=r jkafka ‘me<Eáhla’ hkak hs'

th jdlHfha l¾uh hs'

<uhd lrkafka l=ula o hk m%Yakh u;= lrkak' thg ms<s;=r

jkafka ‘isgqjhs’ hkak hs' th <uhd lrk ls%hdj hs' jdlHh

iïmQ¾K jkafka fï ls%hdj fh§fuks' ls%hdj iys; fldgi

‘wdLHd;h’hs'

) fï wkqj ir, jdlHhl¦

1' Wla;h 2' l¾uh 3' ls%hdj

hkqfjka m%Odk fldgia ;=kls'

<uhd me<hla isgqjhs

Wla;h l¾uh ls%hdj

) l¾uhla fkdue;sj o w¾: mQ¾K jdlH mj;S'

WodyrK(- i| mdhhs

u,a msfmhs'

jdlH ks¾udKh

10


jdlH ks¾udKfha § iïu; rgd mj;S' tjeks rgd lSmhla y÷kd .ksuq'

1' Wla;h m%dKjdÖ tal jpk kï wdLHd;h o tal jpk fjhs'

f.dúhd l=Uqr fldghs'

2' Wla;h m%dKjdÖ nyq jpk kï wdLHd;h o nyq jpk fjhs'

f.dúfhda l=Uqr fldg;s'

3' Wla;h wm%dKjdÖ tal jpk jqj;a nyq jpk jqj;a wdLHd;h tal

jpk fjhs'

.i iq<`.g fi,fjhs'

.ia iq<`.g fi,fjhs'

4' Wla;fha mqreIh wkqj wdLHd;h o tu mqreIfhka u fhfohs' my;

igyfkka tal jpk" nyq jpk fNaoh wkqj mqreI ;=fkys jdlH

ks¾udKh jk wdldrh y`ÿkd .; yels h'

³ w;S; yd wk;S; hk ld, wkqj o jdlH ks¾udKh ilia úh yels h'

YsIHhd fmd; mdvï lrhs'$lrkafka h' ^wk;S; ld,&

YsIHhd fmd; mdvï lf<a h' ^w;S; ld,&

mqreIh tal jpk nyq jpk

W;a;u mqreI uu mdvï lrñ' wms mdvï lruq'

uOHu mqreI

Tn mdvï lrys'

f;da mdvï lrys'

hqIau;d mdvï lrys'

Tn mdvï lryq'

f;dms mdvï lryq'

hqIau;ayq mdvï lryq'

m%:u mqreI

Tyq mdvï lrhs'

YsIHhd mdvï lrhs'

YsIHdj mdvï lrhs'

Tjqyq mdvï lr;s'

YsIHfhda mdvï lr;s'

YsIHdfjda mdvï lr;s'


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' .e<fmk Wla; mo ysia ;ekg fhdod jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'

¸' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' mdi,g hkafkñ' ^uu$ud&

¸¸' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' .=reka kuÈuq' ^wm$wms&

¸¸¸' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' kegqï n,kakg hkafkyq' ^f;dms$f;dm&

¸¼' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' wyfia mshdir lr;s' ^l=re,af,da$l=re,a,ka&

¼' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' frda.Ska /l n,d .ks;s' ^fyÈhka$fyÈfhda&

2' iqÿiq wdLHd; mo fhdod jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'

¸' Tjqyq jkhg ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ^msúishy$msúisfha h'&

¸¸' uj orejka ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ^rlskakS h$/laflda h'&

¸¸¸' .x.d uqyqog .,d ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ^niS$niskafkda h'&

¸¼' fndfyda isjqmd i;a;= jkfha ''''''''''''''''' ^ießir;s$ießierefõ h'&

¼' ixpdrlfhda fmryer '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ^kerUQy$kerUqfõ h'&

3' my; oelafjk wk;S; ld, jdlH w;S; ld,hg yrjd ,shkak'

¸' uu mqj;am; lshjñ'

¸¸' Tn .ug hkakys'

¸¸¸' ñksiaiq Y%uodkhg iyNd.s fj;s'

¸¼' l=re,af,da leo,s lrd mshdUkafkda h'

¼' YsIHfhda mqia;ld,hg h;s'


f.dú;ek Ôjfkdamdh lr .;a ,dxlsl ckhdg c,h ta i|yd

w;HjYH úh' jeis Èh muKla Bg m%udKj;a fkdjQ ksid c,dY

;kd c,h /ia lr .ekSug Tjqyq fm,UqKy' jeõ ks¾udKh jQfha

tys m%;sM,hla jYfhks' jej hkq ,dxlsl wmg u wdfõ‚l jQ

jdß ;dlAI‚l wx.hls' wd¾' t,a' fn%daysh¾ úiska rpkd l< The Seeing Ceylon lD;sh fn%daysh¾ ÿgq ,xldj kñka wNh fyajdjiï

uy;d úiska isxy, NdIdjg mßj¾;kh lr we;' ta weiqfrka

,sheù we;s fuu mdvug l,d jej iïnkaO f;dr;=re mdol ù

we;'

,xldfõ jeõ yd ine¢ ukyr ckm%jdo fõ' l,d jej iïnkaOfhka

m%p,s;j mj;sk ckm%jdohla fufia h'

wE; w;S;fha § wkqrdOmqrfha lvjr kï ñksfila jQfha h' fudyq ish

Nd¾hdjf.a flfkys,slïj,ska fíÍug uyd jkdka;rhg .sfha ksù

iekis,af,a i;=áka Ôj;a ùug h' fuu isÿùfuka fodf<dia jirlg

miqj rc jdi,g uqj uia iemhQ uia jeoaod rc;=udg jd¾;d lf<a

k.rfhka mek f.dia le,Efõ Ôj;a jk ñksil= uyd ksOdkhla /l

f.k isák nj hs'

fï mqj;ska le,UqKq rcq k.rfha .sksfldk È.g ie;mqï 25la wE;ska

msysgd ;snQ fuu ia:dkhg .sfha h' f.dia lvjr keue;s ñksid

w;awvx.=jg f.k ;ud wìhig le|jd ksOdkh ms<sn| m%Yak flf<a

h' Tyq lshd isáfha l,je,a f.dkaklska c,h nei hk ud¾.h weysÍ

;sfnk ksid" c,h tla /ia ù ie;mqï .Kkdjla wE;g me;sr ;sfnk

c,dYhla ñi ;uka okakd fjk;a ksOdkhla fkdue;s nj hs'

fuys iaÓr c,dYhla ìys lsÍfï yelshdj ÿgq rc;=ud b;d m%S;shg m;aj

l,d jej ks¾udKh flf<a h' fï uyd jdß l¾udka;h ksu jQ miq th

n,d .ekSug rc;=ud úiska lvjr m;a lrk ,È'

l,d jejg mska §,d m,h,a,d

11


tla Èkl uyd j¾Idjlg miqj fï

jefõ c,h ldkaÿ jkakg úh' fï

c, ldkaÿj jyd u keje;ajQfha

ke;akï jeõ neïu t;ekska leã

hdug bv we;s nj lvjr ÿgqfõ h'

fï ldkaÿj kj;ajd .ekSug wka

l%uhla kqÿgq lvjr c,hg nei

;u isrer tA ldkaÿ jk ia:dkhg

;nd ;o lrñka c, ldkaÿj

keje;aù h' fï l%shdfõ § Tyq

ñh .sh kuqÿ fï lem ùfï mska

uysuh ksid fya lvjr foúhka

ke;fyd;a l,d jej wê.DyS;

foúhka yeáhg Wmkafka h'

fï l;dj me/kakka fldmuK

weoyqfõ o h;a mer‚ jdk Wv

lvjr foúhka fjkqfjka lem jQ

foajd,hla o bÈ flß‚' ,xldj

n;ska nq,;ska fmdaIKh lsÍug

wêIaGdk lr.;a md,lfhla

miajk ishjfia § l,d jej yd

n,¨ jej hk jeõ hq., tla lr

úYd, c,dYhla bÈ flf<A h' tA

Od;=fiak rcq h' fufia úYd,

c,dYhla l< rc;=ud" tu c,h wä

40la muK m<, fhdaO we< Tiafia

ie;mqï 54la ÿr we;s wkqrdOmqrhg

f.k .sfha h' ishjia oyihlg

fmr tn÷ uyd mßudKfha we<la

tjka N+ñ Nd.hl ks¾udKh lf<a

flfia o hkak úu;shg lreKls'

m<uq ie;mqï odyf;a § th fifuka

we§ hkafka ie;mqug wÕ,a

l,d jej

jeõ neïu

j¾;udk lvjr foajd,h


yhla muK nEjqula we;sj h'

Od;=fiak rcq úiska l,d Th

ksïkfha mqrd;k bxðfkarejka

,jd lrjQ fï úYaවl¾u

ks¾udKhg wu;rj ;j;a úYsIag

mqrella fuhg tla lf<a h' tkï

jdß ud¾. u.ska c,h iemhsh

yels j¾. ie;mqï 18l jmißhla

;=< l=vd .%dóh jeõ 100la bÈ lr

tA iSudj ;=< wx. iïmQ¾K jdß

ud¾. moaO;shla ìys lsÍu hs'

wog o l,d jejg kqjr l,dúh

jeisfhda .re nqyquka olaj;s'

fun÷ ck lúhla Tjqka w;r

mj;skafka tneúks'

“l,d jefjka Èh foda;la îm,a,d

l,d jejg mska §,d m,h,a,d”

,xldfõ úYsIag;u jdk msysgd

we;af;a l,d jefõ h' fuh

l¿., lmd idod we;' fï jdk

uE; ld,hkays m%;sixialrKfhys §

mjd tfia u ;sfnkakg bv yer

we;' fuh wä 216la m<, wä

170la È.= tlls' fuh tlල

ks¾udKh flreKq mqÿudldr

ks¾udKhls' tl, isá Ys,amshdf.a

bjis,sjka;lu;a olaI nj;a ñka

ms<sìUq flf¾' úi,a jejl ;j;a

jeo.;a wx.hla f,i r<mkdj

y÷kajd Èh yels h' fuh" Èh /,s

jefõ we;=¿ ì;a;sfha je§fuka

ydks meñŒu je<elaùu i|yd

fhdod f.k we;a;ls' Èh /,af,ka

jdk

r<mkdj

ìfidafldgqj ^msg; fmkqu&


jeõ neïu wdrlaId ùu fuu ks¾udKh ksid isÿ fõ' ;=kajk ishjfia

isg u úYd, jeõj, ìfida fldgqj Ndú;j ;sì‚' ‘c,h niaijkjd’ hk w¾:h “ìfida fldgqj” hk jpkfhys we;' fuu`.ska c,h md,kh

l< yels jQjdla fuka u uq¿ukska kj;d oeóu o l< yels úh' ìfida

fldgq i;= úi,a fodrm¨ oefjka ksujd ;snQ w;r fïjd tieùug we;=ka

fhdod .;a nj is;sh yels h'


wjfndaOh

1' “lvjr” ;u Ôú;h mQcd lf<a ljr wk;=rla j<lajd .ekSu i|yd o@

2' me/kakka “lvjr” fjkqfjka foajd,hla bÈ lf<a wehs@

3' Od;=fiak rc;=ud wx. iïmQ¾K jdßud¾. moaO;shla iEÿfõ hehs lsj

yelafla wehs@

4' ,dxflah jdß ;dlaIKfha úYsIag;ajh lshd mdk idOl fudkjd o@

5' ,xldfõ jeõ w;ßka úYsIag;u “jdk” l,d jej nj lSug n,mdk

idOl folla ,shkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' jeõ ks¾udKh ùug uq,a jQ ckm%jdo tl;=jla idokak'

2' Y%S ,xldfõ m%Odk jeõ 10la iy tAjd msysá m%foaY j.= .; lrkak'

3' “Y%S ,xldfõ jdß ;dlaIKfha úYsIag;ajh” uefhka ì;a;s mqj;am;g

,smshla ,shkak'

f.dkaklska - úYd, m%udKhlska

flfkys,slï - lror$ ysßyer

jeõ hq., - jeõ fol

jdk - jefõ w;sßla; c,h nei hdug idod we;s

lfmd,a,

kqjr l,dúh - kqjr jej" moúh jej" l,d jej" hk jeõ

;=fkka fmdaIs; m%foaYh kqjr l,dúh f,i

y÷kajhs'


rpkhla ,sùu i|yd ud;Dld lsysmhla ,nd ÿka úg bka tlla f;dard

.; hq;= h' tfia f;dard .ekSfï § wjOdrKh l< hq;= lreKq lsysmhls'

² ud;Dld lsysmhla ,nd § we;s úg tla ud;Dldjla uekúka is;d

n,d f;dard .; hq;af;a h'

² ud;Dldj f;dard .ekSfï § Tn b;d m%sh lrk tlla ùu jeo.;a

h'

² ud;Dldjg wod<j ,sùug ;rï iEfyk lreKq yd oekqu

;sìh hq;= h'

² ud;Dldj Tfí oekqug fia u jdlafldaIhg .e<fmkakla ùu

b;d jeo.;a h'

f;dard.;a ud;Dldjg wod<j rpkh ,sùug fmr tlS ud;Dldj ms<sn|

iaÓr ie,eiaula f.dv k.d .; hq;= h' fuh rpkdfõ ie,eiau

ke;fyd;a rpkdfõ iels,a, f,i kï l< yels h' tlS iels,a, ilia

lr .ekSug iqÿiq uÕ fmkaùula my; oelafõ'

² f;dard.;a ud;Dldj ms<sn| .eUqßka is;kak'

² iels,a,la ilid .kak'

² ud;Dldj ms<sn| is;g tk ish¨ lreKq fjk;a fld<hl ,shkak'

tlS lreKq iels,a,g wkqj fm< .iajd .kak' tys §

i. fkd .e<fmk lreKq"

ii. widrj;a lreKq"

iii. fnd<| hehs" fkd.eUqre hehs isf;k lreKq"

iv. wod< fkd jk lreKq lmd bj;a lrkak'

² m%Odk lreKq hgf;a fþo ;SrKh lrkak'

² tu fþo jvd §¾> fyda jvd flá fkd ù iu;=,s;j bÈßm;a

lrkak'

² rpkdj ixúOdkfha §"

rpkdj ixúOdkh lr .ekSu

ud;Dldkql+, rpkd ,sùu


i. m%fõYh fyj;a wdrïNh

ii. YÍrh" uOHh fyj;a ialkaOh

iii. wjidkh

hk lreKq ;=k .ek jeä jYfhka ie,ls,su;a ùu jeo.;a h'

² rij;a m%fõYhla .ekSu jeo.;a h'

² WoaOD; mdGhla" ;u u;hla" úoaj;a u;hla" wdmaf;damfoaYhla

jeks fldgilska wdrïNh ,nd .ekSu th rij;a iy id¾:l

ùug fya;= fjhs'

² idrj;a jeo.;a fia u wod< lreKqj,ska mßmQ¾K úh hq;= h'

² fþo fnod ;sîu jeo.;a h'

² m%udKj;anj ;sìh hq;= h'

² iajlSh woyia bÈßm;a lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'

² rpkfha m%fõYh fia u wjidkh o jeo.;a h'

² wjidkfha § uq,ska oelajQ lreKqj, iïmsKavkhla bÈßm;a l<

yels h'

² rpkfha wjidkh rij;aj ;sîu jeo.;a h'

rpkhla ,sùfï §

² kdu mo" ls%hd mo yd ksmd; mo fjka lr ;sîu

² úrdu ,laIK ksis mßÈ fh§u

² ksjerÈ wlaIr úkHdih wkq.ukh lsÍu

² iïu; jdlH Í;s wkq.ukh lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'

m%fõYh

YÍrh" uOHh fyj;a ialkaOh

wjidkh fyj;a iudma;sh


wm wjg mßirfha úúO i;a;= Ôj;a fj;s' Tjqkaf.a ndysr fmkqu"

Ôjk rgd wdÈ f;dr;=re oek .ekSug úoHd;aul m; fmd; lshúh

hq;= h' isxyf,ka tn÷ fmd;a ,sùug mqfrda.dó jQ ud¾áka úl%uisxy

uy;df.a ‘úoHd úfkdao l;d’ fmf<ka Wmqgd .;a l;djla fuys

oelafõ'

ñ;%fhda fofofkla le,Ejla ueÈka .uka lf<da h' le,Ej ueog meñ‚

Tjqyq j,il= ÿgqfjda h' tflla jy jyd .ilg kexf.a h' wfkldg

.ig keÕ .kag neß úh' Tyq mK fírd .;af;a Wmdhlsks' Tyq ìu È.

we§ u< ñksyl= fuka lsis u ye,fyd,aukla ke;sj isáfha h' j,id

Tyqg <x ù n,d tA u< lf|lehs is;d lsisjla fkd fldg wdmiq .sfha h'

wka;rdfhka .e,ùug fun÷ Wmdh fhdokafka ukqIHhd muKla fkd fõ'

fndfyda i;a;= o wka;rdh je<elaùug Wmdh fhdo;s' i;=rkaf.ka

fíÍug l=reñ‚ i;=ka fhdok Wmdh weiqfjd;a <uhska muKla fkd j

iuyr úg jeäysáfhda o lïuq,aj, w;a .id f.k mqÿuh m%ldY lr;s'

.fya b;sj, t,af,ñka ;sfnk úg fld< iq<Õska fi,fõ¦ ìu jegqKq

úg;a iuyr úg iq<Õska fld< fi,fõ' tfia jqj o weúÈk" lEu lk"

ì;a;r ouk fld<hla olskag ,enqfKd;a mqÿu fkd jk <ufhla isá;a o@

fuys ,xldfõ i;l=f.a o Wf.a ì;a;rj, o PdhdrEm fjhs' W!

fld<hlg iudk h' W!g ‘fld<hd’hs lshkafka tfyhsks' w;g f.k

ne¨jl=g mjd uQ fld<hla fkd j if;lehs lsj fkd yels h' l=ula

ksid o@ yevyqrelñkq;a mdákq;a W! fld<hlg u iudk neúks' yeu

w;ska u fld<hlg iudk neúka fndfyda fok fï i;=ka fld<j,ska

yg .ks;s hs úYajdi lr;s' th jerÈ úYajdihls' fï i;=ka yg .kafka

fld<j,ska fkdj ì;a;rj,sks'

fï i;d fld<hl yevyqrelu .kafka l=ug o@ ñksil= j,idf.ka

fíÍug u< l|la fuka jQ yeá fuys uq,ska lshd we;' fld<hd fld<hl

weúÈk fld<hd 12


yevyqrelu .ekSug fya;=j;a fun÷

lreKls' tkï" l=vd i;=ka w,a,d

f.k lk l=re,a,kaf.ka o fjk;a

i;=rkaf.ka o fíÍu ms‚i h'

fld< ye¿Kq .ila hg isák

fld<hl= fiú,af,ka ne¨j;a W!

wmg jyd fkd fmfka' fld<hl

yevyqrelu;a mdg;a we;s W! wfma

mhlg mEf.kag mq¿jk' wfma

mhlg mE.=fKd;a iuyr úg W!

ñh hkafka h'

tfia jqj fyd;a fld<hl

yevyqrelu .ekSu fld<hdf.a

wdrlaIdjg fkd j úkdYhg

fya;= fjhs' fld<hd fld<fhys

yevyqrelu .kafka ñksiqkaf.ka

fíÍug fkd fõ' ñksiaiq Wf.a

i;=frda fkd fj;s' mlaISyq Wf.a

i;=frda h' tnkaokaf.ka fíÍug

fld<hdg fld<fha yevyqrelu;a

mdg;a b;d m%fhdackj;a h'

msydgq yl=<d msg ueo tla

fldg ;nd f.k isák úg W!

fld<hlg iudk h' msydgq fol

tla jk ;ek fld<fhys ueo

kdráh jekak' ueo kdráfhka

fome;a;g weÿKq ySka kdrá jeks

kdrá o fld<hdf.a msydgqj,

we;af;a h' we;eï úg fld<hd

bÿKq fld<hl mdáka hqla; fjhs'

iuyr úfgl ks,a fld<hl

mdáka hqla; fjhs' fld<hd ìu

isák úg fld<hla u jekak'


W! ìu nv wek f.k u isák neúks' W! .uka lrkafka;a nv .dkakdla

fuks' fufia yeu úÈfhka u fld<hla nj fmkaùug ;e;a lrk uQ

fld;rï lmá if;l= úh hq;= o@ fld<hd fï lmálï lrkafka

mlaISkaf.ka fíÍu ms‚i h'

fld<hd wfkla lDñ i;=ka fuka uia ld Ôj;a jkafkla fkd fõ¦ fld<

ld Ôj;a jkafkls' Wf.a ì;a;r oeóu o wfkla lDñ i;=kaf.a ì;a;r

oeóug fjkia h' we;eï lDñ i;a;= j<j,a ydrd tys ì;a;r ou;s'

iuyre fldmqjla idod tys ì;a;r ou;s' iuyre .il fld<j, ì;a;r

w,j;ss' iuyre me<Eáhl l| úo ta ;=< ì;a;r ou;s' fld<hd l=rlalka

jmqrkakdla fuka ìu ì;a;r ouhs' Wf.a ì;a;r o weg j¾.hla jekak'

Wf.a ì;a;rhla w;g f.k ne¨j;a fmfkkafka lßú, weg jeks weg

j¾.hla f,isks'

1' my; i|yka m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhkak'

¸' fld<hdg tu ku ,enqfKa wehs@

¸¸' wd;audrlaIdj i|yd fld<hd fhdod .kakd Wmdh ud¾. fudkjd o@

¸¸¸' l;=jrhd fld<hdf.a ndysr iajrEmh úia;r lr we;af;a flfia o@

¸¹' wfkla lDñ i;=ka ì;a;r ouk wdldrh yd fld<hd ì;a;r ouk

wdldrh w;r we;s fjki l=ula o@

2' ksjerÈ ms<s;=r f;darkak'

¸' mdvfuys i|yka weúÈk fld<hd kï lDñ i;d yg.kafka"

^w& fld<j,sks' ^wd& ì;a;rj,sks' ^we& c,fhks'

¸¸' i;=rkaf.ka fíÍug fld<hdg m%fhdackj;a jkafka"

^w& yevyqrelu iy mdg hs'

^wd& ll=,a iy fõ.j;a nj hs'

^we& ksYaYío;dj iy myr§u hs'

wjfndaOh


¸¸¸' fld<hdg we;af;a"

^w& úI o< h' ^wd& j,s.hls' ^we& msydgq h'

¸¹' fld<hd ìu isák úg fld<hla jeks u jkafka"

^w& fkd fi,afjk ksid h'

^wd& fld< w;r u isák ksid h'

^we& ìu nv wek f.k u isák ksid h'

¹' fld<hdf.a ì;a;r iudk jkafka"

^w& weg j¾.hlg

^wd& l=rlalkaj,g

^we& fld<hlg

3' my; i|yka m%ldY yß kï R ,l=K o jerÈ kï Q ,l=K o

fhdokak'

¸' wka;rdfhka .e,ùug Wmdh fhdokafka ñksid mu‚' ^ &

¸¸' fld< ye¿Kq .ila hg isák fld<hl= foi fiú,af,ka

ne¨j;a W! wmg jyd fkd fmfka' ^ &

¸¸¸' wfma mhg mE.=K;a fld<hd ñh hkafka ke;' ^ &

¸¹' ñksiaiq fld<hdf.a i;=frda h' ^ &

¹' ks,a fld<hl mdáka o bÿKq fld<hl mdáka o hq;=

fld<fhda fj;s' ^ &

¹¸' fld<hd .uka lrkafka nv .dkakdla fuks' ^ &

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk moj,g iudkd¾: mo mdvfuka fidhd ,shkak'

i' hy¿fjda ii' wk;=r iii. m%;sjd§ka

iv' ll=, v. îc j¾.

2' my; i|yka jpk fhdod jdlH ks¾udKh lrkak'

i. Wmdh ii' wka;rdh iii. yevyqrelu

iv. fiú,af,ka


1' my; i|yka ls%hdldrlïj, ksr; jkak'

² f.j;af;a yuq jk lDñ i;l= fyd¢ka ksÍlaIKh lr tA

ms<sn| úia;r we;=<;a fldg l=vd ,smshla ilia lrkak'

² tu ,smsh lshjd" Tn ñka fmr tu lDñhd ms<sn| fkd okakd

f;dr;=re fldmuK tys we;=<;aj we;aoehs úuid n,kak'

² mka;sfha hy¿fhfy<shkaf.a ,sms iu. Tfí ,smsh yqjudre

lr f.k lshjd" lDñ i;=ka ms<sn| oekqu j¾Okh lr .kak'

2' weúÈk fld<hd ms<sn| Tn is;a .;a f;dr;=re mka;sh yuqfõ bÈßm;a

lrkak'

3' úoHd úfkdao l;d fmd;a lshjkak'

4' úúO úIhhka w<,d ud¾áka úl%uisxy ,shQ fmd;a m;a ,ehsia;=jla

ilia lrkak'

l:d lsÍfï § wikakdg meyeÈ,s f,i f;areï .ekSu i|yd hï hï

ia:dkj, § iq¿ úrduhla ;eîu" y~ Wia my;a lsÍu" úiauh" fYdalh

jeks bßhõ uqyq‚ka m< lsÍu wdÈh isÿ flf¾' l:kfha § fhfok fuu

Wml%u fjkqjg f,aLkfha § fhdod .efkkqfha úrdu ,laIK hs'

jdlHhl wjidkhg fhfoa'

Wod(- wms y;a mehla muK hd;%d fldg ¥mf;a ol=Kq me;a;g <Õd ùuq'

mqoa., kduhl uq,l=re oelaùfï § fhfoa'

Wod(- ã' tï' tia' Èidkdhl È' uq' úu,r;ak

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

úrdu ,laIK

;s; ^'&


jpk flá lr oelaùfï § fhfoa'

Wod(- r'uq'kS'i' ^rdcH uqøK kS;s.; ixia:dj&

,s'm';e' ^,shd mÈxÑ ;eme,a&

rd'fia'ms' ^rdcH fiajh ms‚ihs&

fm'j' ^fmrjre&

m'j' ^miajre&

f,aLkfha úúO wjia:dj, § fldudj fhfohs'

jdlHhl flá úrduhla oelaùug fldudj fhfohs'

Wod (- fojk i;sfha wjidk ojfia /fhys" .,a .=ydj bÈßfhys jQ .,a

;,djl È.d ù Wka ðkakd ke.S" u|la wE;ska jQ wfkla .,a;,djl

jdä ù" .Õ foi n,d f.k Wka ug y~ .Efõ h'

jdlHhl wduka;%K mohla fhfokafka kï th wfkla jpkj,ska

fjka lr oelaùu i|yd fhfokafka fldudj hs'

Wod (- Wmd,s uy;a;hd" wr n,kak'

jpk ud,djlaa bÈßm;a lrk wjia:dj, tA jpk fldud fhdod

oelafõ'

Wod (- ufvd,a ¥fjys wm jdih l< me;a; l%ufhka t<suyka fmfoila

j;a u n;," u[af[dlald" t<j¿ wdÈh jjk ,o fyak l%ufhka

úYd, úh'

m%Yakhl wjidkfha § fhfoa'

Wod (-¥mf;a Th me;af;a wj;drhla bkakjd hehs fmdä .urd, wmg

lsõjd u;l o@

fldudj ^"&

m%Yakd¾: ,l=K ^@&

fldudj ^"&


mqÿu iy.; nj" úiauh m< lsÍu i|yd fhfohs'

Wod (- wr" wr n,kakæ t<sh md;a fjkjd" biafikjd' wdhs;a .uka

lrkjdæ

fYdalh m< lsÍfï § fhfoa'

Wod (- wfkaæ wehs fufyu jqfKa@

wduka;%Kj, § yd ksfhda.hkays § fhfoa'

Wod (- orejfka æ <uhsfka æ fu;kska mdr udre fjkq æ

wdYS¾jdohla" m%d¾:kdjla fyda iqn me;=ula lsÍfï § fhfohs'

Wod (- iemfõjd æ wdhqfndajka æ iqn Wmka Èkhla fõjd æ

hful= lsjQ fohla h<s ta whqßka u ,sùfï § fhfoa'

Wod(- “fï ? ¥m; jfÜ Tre mÈkak .sfhd;a Trefõ lE,s yïn fjkafk;a

kE” hs ðkakd lS h'

hula úfYaI fldg oelaùug wjYH wjia:dj, § fhdod .efka'

Wod(- NdId rdYshlg mßj¾;kh jQ rij;a kjl;djls" ud¾áka

úl%uisxyhkaf.a “ ufvd,a ¥j'”

WoaOD; mdG i|yd fhfoa'

Wod(- “.,a f,k ì|,d - f,ka fodr yer,d” hkq isxyndyq kdgHhg

wh;a .Shls'

úiauhdÈ ,l=K ^æ&

hq., Wvq fldud$fmr<s fldud ^“ ”&


WoaOD; mdGhl we;=<; ;j;a WoaOD; mdGhla ke;fyd;a úfYaI

jHjydrhla oelaùug fhfoa'

Wod(- “cd;sl ùrhka .ek l;d lrk úg ‘whshKaä ìh fkd jkak

uefrk yeá uu fmkajñ’ hkqfjka ùr uoaÿu nKavdr l<

m%ldYh neyer l< fkd yels he”hs Tyq lSfõ h'

“Tyqf.a ku ðkodi jqj o ud Tyqg y~.dkafka ‘ðfka’ ‘ðkakd’ hk kï folska tllsks'”

1' my; i|yka fþoh úrdu ,laIK fhdoñka wNHdi fmdf;a ,shkak'

fmdä .urd, muKla fkdj fjk;a .eñfhda o wfma ¥m;g

tkag jQy we;eï ojil .fÕa fi,a,ï ms‚i hd;%d lsÍug;a

ud¿ nEug;a fld<ôka meñ‚ msßñkq;a .Ekq;a <uhskq;a ufvd,a

¥jg f.dv nei tys § oyj,a lEu ld .sfhda h wm oek ye¢k

.;a Tjqyq fndfyda ikaf;daI jQy we;efula fld<Ug tkak hhs

wmg wdrdOkd lf<da h ufvd,a ¥j j.d lsÍu .ek ljqre;a wmg

m%Yxid l<y jrla .d,af,a fmrlfodarejl=;a Tyqf.a ìß| iy

ÿj;a mq;d;a ufvd,a ¥jg meñ‚fha fmdä .urd, iu. h wms

tÈk n;a Whd uhsfhdlald ;ïnd fmd,a iïn,hla idod l=ïn,d

lrj, Whd thska Tjqkag ix.%y lf<uq

;ks Wvqfldud ^z Z& ‘


wdydr hkq ñksidf.a uQ,sl wjYH;djls' ld,fhka ld,hg ráka

rgg wdydr rgd úúO fõ' fmdaIKh" .=Kh" w,xldrh" j¾Kh"

iqj| wdÈh wdydrfha rih ;rug u jeo.;a fõ' fuu mdvu kqjr

hq.fha ,xldfõ mej;s wdydr rgd ms<sn| frdnÜ fkdlaiaf.a

jd¾;d weiqßka ilia jQjls' Tyqf.a Historical Relation of Ceylon kï lD;sfha fâúâ lreKdr;ak uy;d úiska lrk ,o tod

fy<Èj kï wkqjdofhka Wmqgd .;a f;dr;=re fuys wka;¾.; fõ'

mer‚ ,dxlslhdf.a wdydr rgdj úúO;ajfhka hq;= úh' rij;a ùu;a"

.=Kj;a ùu;a wdydrhl ;sìh hq;= uQ,sl idOl fia me/kafkda ie,l+y'

Tjqkaf.a wdydrh iïmdokh lr .ekSu i|yd yd¨;a" ¨Kq;a ;snqKfyd;a

fyd|g u m%udKj;a h' weUq,a" .ïñßia yd ¨Kq oud m,d fld<j,ska

lgg" Èjg ri we;s lÈu wdydrhla idod .ks;s' m%Odk wdydrh n; jk

w;r fiiq wdydr Wmfhda. lr .kq ,nkafka n;g jHxck jYfhks'

wdydr iïmdokh yd wdydr fn§u muKla fkd j wdydr N=la;s ú£u o

Tjqyq b;d msßisÿj lr;s' b;d blaukg;a msßisÿjg;a wdydr msiskakg

Tjqyq iu;a fj;s' fulS wdydr i|yd flfkla mqreÿ jqj fyd;a tlS

mqreoao È.g u mj;ajd f.k h;s' ta wdydrj, mj;sk rij;a nj ksid h'

wdydr j¾. myla yhla idok úg bka uia fyda ud¿ tlla fjhs' t<j¿

j¾. lsysmhla Bg tl;= lr;s' w, j¾.hla o tl;= lr;s'

wdydr msiSfï § iQÿre" uyÿre fia u rïfma" lrmsxpd hk Ydl m;% o

l=re÷ fmd;= o tl;= lr .ks;s' fïjdhska wdydrh jvd rij;a lr .ekSu

,dxlslhdf.a isß; h' ,dxlslhdf.a idudkH îu j;=r h' iEu

ksjil u fjk fjk u msßisÿ c, n÷kla fjkaj ;nhs' wdydr wkqNjhg

fmr yd miqj w; lg fidaod .ekSu Tjqkaf.a isß; h' úÑ;%Ndjh wdydr

ms<sfh, lsÍfï § wksjd¾hfhka oel .; yels ,laIKhls'

fï rfÜ we;s ;j;a m%Odk wdydr j¾.hla kï bx.sßisfhka ‘cela’ ^Jack& kñka y÷kajkq ,nk fldia h' fï j¾.fha <má f.äh fmdf<dia

kñka o" meyqKq f.äh ‘fyr<s’ kñka o bÿKq l, ‘je<’ yd ‘jrld’

w.a.<d lxfvdax mq;dæ13


kñka o fï rgjdiSka w;r m%lg h' je< yd jrld foj.fhys we;s

fjki kï jrld ;o h¦ je< fudf<dla h" fodfod,a n÷ h' fï foj.fha

.iaj, u| fjkila o we;s nj fmfka' ,xldjdiSkayg fndfyda

m%fhdackj;a jQ fï .iska Tjqkaf.a wdydrfhys ie,lsh hq;= fldgila

msßuefikafka h' .i ;rula úYd,j jeã .sh l, f.ä yg .kS' fï

f.ä wfma rfÜ me;e,s mdka f.ähla ;rug úYd, h' msg me;a; lgq

iys; jQ fï f.äfhys mdg fld< mdgg yqre h' fï f.äfhys weg

f.äh mqrd uÿ¨ we;=<; msysgd we;' isxy,fhda fï wegj,g ‘ì;a;r’ hehs lsh;s'

idudkH jYfhka fldia f.äh bfokakg m%:u f.äh fk<d .kq

,efí' f.äfha meiqKq fkd meiqKq nj oek .kq ,nkafka tys msg;ska

ishqï isÿrla fldg uÿ¨ lefn,a,la fyda weg lefn,a,la fyda f.k

n,d h' fldia f.ä m¨ fldg lmd uÿ¿ fjka fldg f.k ;ïnd" n;a

fjkqjg l=i mqrd wkqNj lr;s' Tjqka fldia lkafka wfma rgjdiSka

‘g¾ksma’ fyda f.dajd lkakdla fuks' fï fldia ;eïnqu rifhka o

iqj¢ka o f.dajdj,g iudk h' úYd, f,i yg .;a f.ähla y;a wg

fofkl=g iEfyhs' meiS bÿKq l, fyj;a je< fyda jrld jQ l, iquOqr

rihlska hqla; jQ fuh" fkd msi u lkq ,efí' meiqKq fldia weg

mdáka yd iqj|ska muKla fkd j rifhka o wfma rfÜ ‘fpiakÜ’ f.äj,g iudk h'

idudkH ck;dj fldia weg ;ïnd l;s' ke;fyd;a .sks w¿ hg oud

mq¿iaid l;s' yeu f.orl u f,dl= fldia weg f.dvla ,sma fndlafla

;ekam;a ù ;sîu isß;ls' iuyre .uka ìuka hk úg u. § wkqNj

lsÍug fldia weg miqïìhl ,d f.k h;s' fldia ysÕ ld,fha § fldia

weg fidhd .; fkd yels ksid fldia jdrfha § ‘je,s fldia weg’ kñka

l,a ;nd .; yels wdldrfhka fldia weg idod .ekSug ,dxlslhd

iu;a h'

fldia f.äh lemQ l, ;dr fuka >k jQ" tfy;a j¾Kfhka iqÿ jQ

Èhrla" ue,shula .,hs' wef,k .;sfhka hqla; jQ fï fldfyd,a,Ej

fl,a,ka fld,a,ka úiska l=re,a,ka w,a,kakg Wmfhda. lr .kq ,efí'

we;eï wh fï fldfyd,a,E iy,a msá iu. ñY% fldg wkqNj lrk nj

fmfka' ta lEu ì;a;r neomq lf,l f,iska ri h'


foys .iaj, ire f,i M, yg .kakd

ld,fha Tjqyq foys lvd weUq,a ñßld ueá

n÷klg f.k ¨Kq oud .skafka fyda

wõfõ lldrjd ‘¨Kq foys’ oud miqj

m%fhdackhg .ekSu i|yd ;nd .ks;s'

wdydr iq,n fkd jk ld,j, .ekSu

i|yd wdydr ieliSug ,dxlslhd yqrejla

olajhs' Tjqyq úúO wdydr ixrlaIK l%u

oek isáhy' foys ysÕ ld,fha § Kq foys

fndfyda m%fhdackj;a h'

Tjqkaf.a ri leú,s úúO h' ta ri leú,s

w;r m%Odk;ajh .kakd lejqï" iy,a

msáfhka yd me‚fhka idod .kq ,efí'

iy,a msá wkd .=<s .id fld<m;l ;nd

weÕs,af,ka me;,s fldg mefyk f;,a

we;s,sfha nyd moug lr jQ miq f;f,ka

t<shg .ks;s' ,kafoaiska ,xldjg meñ‚

wjêfha" Tjqka yg rdclSh ix.%yhla

lrkq leue;s jQ lkao Wvrg rcq Tjqkag

lejqï msi hjk f,i rdc mqreIhkag

kshu lf<a h' tu lejqï ld mqÿuhg m;a

jQ ,kafoaiSyq tmuK m%Œ; wdydrhla

ñksia w;lska kï ieÈh fkd yels hehs

is;d ‘fïjd .iaj,ska lvd .kakd fohla

oe’ hs weiqfjda¨æ

w.a.<d kñka idod .kakd ;j;a ri

leú,s j¾.hla fjhs' neÈ iy,a msá

me‚fhka wkd .ïñßia" lrouqx.= yd

l=re÷ fmd;= u| jYfhka uqiq fldg fuu

.=<s idod .kq ,efí' fïjd .=<s lsÍfuka

miq ;o fjhs' wE; .uka ìuka hEfï §

w.a.<d miqïìj, oud f.k hEu Tjqkaf.a

isß; h' msá iy me‚ fhdod idod .kakd

w¨jd kï ;j;a ri leú,a,la fjhs'


fjkilg we;af;a yevh muK hs' w.a.<dj jgl=re jQ w;r w¨jd

me;,s h' wdydr wfyaksfhka ydu;a jQ úg w¨jd ld blaì;s j;=r fndkq

,efí'

hla meá kï ;j;a wyrla fjhs' yd,a msá fmd,a yd yl=rej,ska idokq

,nk fuh ri wyrls' yd,a msá" me‚ yd uqiq fldg fld<hl ,d

jKavqfõ ;ïnd .ks;s' b;d fudf<dla jQ fuh nqÈk úg yl=re iu. iqÿ

mdka lk njla yefÕkafka h'

furfgys ;j;a uk jvk

wdydrhla kï msÜgq h' Ndckhlg

l=rlalka msá f.k u|la Èh bi

;rul weg fyj;a .=<s jk ;=re

w;.d Èh msrE ie<shl frÈ lvla

ne| yqud,fhka ;ïnd fuu .=<s

iys; wekQ msá Bu; uqÿka jk

fia ;nd fjk;a n÷klska jid

;ïnd .ks;s' n; fuka l; yels

fuh m%Œ; wdydrhls'

mer‚ ,xldfõ wdydr rgdfõ olakg ,enqKq úfYaI wx.hla jQfha

m,;=re h' wkakdis" Wla" fo¿ï" lelsß" flduvq" lcq" je<" jrld" fudr"

cïnq wdÈ m,;=re j¾. ,dxlslhd wdydrhg .;a rij;a m,;=re h' YÍrhg

.=Kodhl" mQ¾K fmdaIKh i|yd fya;= jQ iajNdjO¾uh iu. in|;djla

;snQ wmQre wdydr ixialD;shlg w;S; ,dxlslfhda Wreulï lSy'

wjfndaOh

1' mer‚ ,dxlslhd idod.;a leú,s j¾. folla kï lrkak'

2' ld,hla ;nd.; yels jk mßÈ ,dxlslhd ms<sfh, l< wdydr j¾.

folla ,shkak'

3' “we;eï wdydrj, m%Œ; nj fya;=fjka tajd uq,a jrg wdydrhg .;a

wfhla úu;shg m;a fõ'” fï nj ikd: lrk mdvfï tk isoaêh

l=ula o@

4' fidndoyu iu. ne÷Kq wdydrmdk rgdjlg ,dxlslhd Wreulï lshQ

njg ksoiqkla ,shkak'

5' mer‚ ,dxlslhdf.a wdydrmdk rgdj u.ska ,nd .; yels wdo¾Y

folla ,shkak'


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' iqÿiq jpk mdvfuka f;dard f.k ysia ;eka mqrjkak'

¸' foys ysÕ ld,hg Tjqyq ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' wdydrhg .;ay'

¸¸' wE; .uka ìuka hdfï § '''''''''''''''''''''''''' keue;s leú,s úfYaIh

me/kafkda f.k .shy'

¸¸¸' fldia jdrh ksu jQ miq wdydrhg .ekSu i|yd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

idod .ekSug ,dxlslhd ls%hd lf<a h'

¸¹' ,dxlslhdf.a m%Odk wdydrh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' h'

¹' meiqKq fldia f.äh ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' kñka o ye¢kafõ'

2' my; moj,g úreoaOd¾: mo ,shkak'

i. wd.ka;=l -

ii. úfYaI -

iii. úfoaYsl -

iv. úúO;ajh -

v. msßisÿ -

3' my; ,nd § we;s ud;Dld w;ßka tlla ms<sn| jdlH rpkhla

,shkak'

¸' ksfrda.sNdjh i|yd wdydrj, jeo.;alu

¸¸' ‘jjkafkda - Èkkafkda h’ ¸¸¸' ñysl; iqrlsk - ;=re,sh

¸¹' c, iïm; iqrlsuq

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' Tnf.a m%foaYhg wdfõ‚l wdydr ixrlaIK l%u ms<sn| flá

úia;rhla ,shkak'

2' Tnf.a m%foaYhg wdfõ‚l jQ wdydr j¾. folla ms<sfh, lrk

wdldrh jeäysáhkaf.ka wid ,shkak'


ii| ii| y|mdfka wms hkjd

W.;=ka w;r me;sreKq isxy, lúh ixialD; NdId {dkh yd

fmd;a m;a u.ska Wlyd .;a oekqu u; ilia jQjls' isxy,h yer

fjk;a NdId fkd o;a" fmd; mf;ys me;sreKq oekqula ke;s fmdÿ

ckhd w;r o lú iïm%odhla úh' th ck lúh kñka ye¢kafjhs'

.eñhdf.a tÈfkod Ôú;h weiqfrka ,o w;aoelSï mdol lr f.k

ìys jQ ck lú fndfyda h' ck lúfhka .eñhdf.a ÿl" i;=g"

;kslu wdÈ yeÕSï m%ldY lr we;' úúO jD;a;Ska weiqfrka

ks¾udKh ù we;s ck lú w;r me,a lú" .e,a lú" fk¿ï lú"

mdre lú wdÈh oelsh yels h' fuu mdvug we;=<;a jkafka .e,a

lrejkaf.a jD;a;sh weiqre lrf.k ks¾udKh jQ ck lú h'

;Kavf,a fokak fofmdf<a olalkjd

lgqlef,a .df, fkd ,syd jo fokjd

ymq;f,a lkao oel,d nv okjd

mõ l< f.dfkda weomka ymq;,a hkjd

wdrkafka m÷r jg lr o¨ ,kag

mSrkafka jr, f;,a .d Tm fjkag

fudarkafka yf|a lrej, jeä fjkag

f;afrkafka keoao fï ÿl foúhkag

ii| ii| wms y|mdfka hkjd

uïu, n|g f.dka ndkla olalkjd

i;aish i.jqjg frdafoa lerflkjd

o;a lel=<g wms l=reKE.,a hkjd

tf.dv f.dfâ kd lKqfõ nekao f.dkd

fuf.dv f.dfâ imq lKqfõ nekao f.dkd

fof.dv ;,d hk j;=rg mekak f.dkd

wfka uf.a rkauq;= j,a,shd f.dkd

14


l¿.,a ;<d,hs mdrg oukafka

tu .,a mE.s,hs f.dka l=r f.fjkafka

f.dkd fkdfjhs yrlhs nr wÈkafka

lsß.,a fmd;a; lkaohs fï f.fjkafka

jhsr f.dkd oK .y,d wÈk fldg

uhs, f.dkd mekakhs miaig fydrg

fudlo lrkafka mQrefõ l< mjg

mõ l< f.dfkda weomka .d, .djg

n;g lkak neß n;f,a ., lkao

w,g lkag neß w,.,af,a lkao

yqkg lkag neß yqkakia .sß lkao

ful÷ ;=kg kdhl iuk, lkao

l÷ weo,d fomhg iú ke; b;sfka

nr weo,d b, weg fmdäúh ;Èfka

ÿl is;s,d .u kEhka u;la WfKa

.u b|,d j;a mK hkak fkd ,enqfKa

wjfndaOh

1' “ymq;f,a lkaao oel,d nv okjd” hk mµ mdGfhka yeÕfjk

jHx.Hd¾:h l=ula o@

2' .e,alre iy f.dkd ú¢ ÿla .eyeg jvd;a .uH jk lúh Wmqgd

olajkak'

3' “tf.dv f.dfâ kd lKqfõ nekao f.dkd '''” hk lúfhka Tng

yefÕk foa úia;r lrkak'


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk kdu moj, nyq jpk mo ,shkak'

f.dkd" yrld" kEhd" .i" m÷r" lKqj" l¿.," mdr" lkao"

2' my; oelafjk moj,g iudkd¾: fok mo mdvfuka Wmqgd

olajkak'

¸' fldKavh - ¹¸' l=¨k -

¸¸' fodïki - ¹¸¸' {d;Ska -

¸¸¸' fmr - ¹¸¸¸' ysxid -

¸¹' ud¾.h - ¸º' l=i -

¹' Yla;sh - º' wkaOldrh -

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fuu lú fm< ;d,dkql+,j .dhkd lrkak'

2' úúO jD;a;Ska wdY%s;j ,shjqKq ck lú tl;= fldg l=vd fmd;la ilia

lrkak'

3' “.e,alrejl=f.a Ôú;h” hk uefhka rpkhla ,shkak'

4' my; oelafjk rEmhg iïnkaO ck lúhla fidhd ,shkak'


isxy,h iajdëk NdIdjla fia j¾Okh ùu yd iu.dój isxy,

lúh o j¾Okh jQ nj oekg b;sß ù we;s mer‚ u isxy, ldjH

ks¾udKj,ska meyeÈ,s fjhs' isxy, NdIdfjka ,shejqKq mer‚ u

isxy, ldjH ks¾udK wmg yuq jkafka iS.sßfha legm;a mjqßks'

bka miqj ,shejqKq isxy, lú fmd;a rdYshlska lsysmhla

wdrlaId ù mrmqfrka mrmqrg mej; tñka isxy, ldjH b;sydih

§ma;su;a lrhs' lõis¿ñK" ie<,sys‚ ikafoaYh" .=;a;s,h"

iqNdIs;h" f,dafldamldrh ta w;ßka lsysmhls' wfma mer‚ lú

fmd;a follska Wmqgd .;a lú lsysmhla fï mdvfï oelafõ'

ldjHfYaLrh f;dg.uqfõ Y%S rdyq, ysñmdKka úiska rpkd lrk ,o

lD;shls' fldaÜfÜ rdcOdks iuhg wh;a fuu ldjH .%ka:h i|yd mdol

ù we;af;a mkaish mkia cd;l fmdf;ys tk ‘i;a;=N;a; cd;lh’ hs'

my; oelafjkafka ldjHfYALrfha ;=ka jk i¾.fha tk lú lsysmhls'

1' o;a lel=¿ mE ,d

iqr;,a iskd iS ,d

fnd<| nia § ,d

fl<S ish,`. ¥,s .d ,d

2' l| l=uß÷ f,is k

nuqKq meáhka iu.s k

fkd u| iõ biqfr k

jeä‚ kj i| fuka Èfkka Èk

‘iod fuf,i mqr forfKa’15

ldjHfYaLrh


3' b`.=re ÿre wE hq;=

u,af.duq yd jjd j;=

.j ó ;ud k;=

oiqk ms<súi n,j we;s ;;=

4' bre .sf,k oj fia

.yK o fmdfyda oj fia

i| isl=re oj fia

f.dñka msßnv .kqj ksj fia

5' ks;s f.a fodr weuo

le,s li< oel fkdu b|

Wodik iji o

myka o,ajj úuk fkd jro


ish,Õ - i¾jdx.fhys$we`. mqqrd u

¥,s - ¥ú,s

l| l=uß÷ - ialkaO l=udr$l;r.u foúhd

nuqKq meáhka - n%dyauK l=udrhka

fkdu| - wm%udK

iõ biqfrk - il, wdYap¾hfhka" ish¨ iem iïm;ska

kj i| - wudjlg miq od wyfia mdhk iò

ÿre - ÿre j¾. îQÿre$uyÿre wdÈ&

wE hq;= - wdÈh iys;

;ud k;= - ;uka ika;l

ms<súi - úuid

msßnv - ms<silr lr

úuk - ksji

.yK - .%yKh îQ¾h .%yKh$pkaø .%yKh&


.=;a;s, ldjHh

.=;a;s, ldjHh jE;a;Efõ ysñmdKka úiska rpkd lrk ,o lD;shls'

fuh o fldaÜfÜ wjÈhg wh;a lD;shls' .=;a;s, ldjHh i|yd mdol ù

we;af;a mkaishmkia cd;l fmdf;a tk ‘.=;a;s, cd;lh’ hs' .=;a;s,

ldjHfha tk ‘Wfoaks mqr ieKfl<sh’ kue;s fldgfika my; oelafjk

lú Wmqgd f.k we;'

1' iojd iqÿ je,s msú;=re

n|jd rka oo mshlre

isgqjd fodr fodr rU;=re

;njd mqkal=Uq úis;=re

2' Wod Èks÷ lr yrfKa

úod w÷re osis lsrfKa

fhdod fomi rka f;drfKa

iod fuf,i mqr forfKa


wjfndaOh

1' ldjHfYaLrfha oelafjk l=ure" l=vd orejl= f,i ksrEmKh l<

yeisÍï fudkjd o@

2' ldjHfYALrfhka Wmqgd f.k we;s fojk lúfha tk Wmud folla

kï lrkak'

msú;=re - mú;% jQ

rka oo - r;a;rka fldä

rU;=re - flfi,a .ia

mqkal=Uq - mqkal,ia

Èks÷ - iQ¾hhd

fomi - fome;af;a

mqr - k.r


3' .=;a;s, ldjHfha i|yka mßÈ iEu ksjila mdid u ;nd we;af;a

fudkjd o@

4' Wfoaks mqrh ieKfl<s isßhla .;a njg ksoiqka folla Wmqgd

olajkak'

5' ‘iojd iqÿ je,s msú;=re’ lúh lshùfï § Tng yefÕk foa fláfhka

,shkak'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; i|yka moj,g iudkd¾: mo ,shkak'

¸' fkd u| -

¸¸' ks;s -

¸¸¸' msú;=re -

¸¹' mqkal=Uq -

¹' Èks÷ -

2' mdvfï tk lúj,ska Wmqgd f.k we;s my; i|yka moj, w¾:

meyeÈ,s lrkak'

¸' fnd<| nia -

¸¸' oiqk -

¸¸¸' u,af.duq -

¸¹' msú;=re -

¹' mshlre -

3' mdvfï we;=<;a lúj, w¾: ,shkak'

4' fuu mdvfuka Ôú;hg ,nd .; yels wdo¾Y folla kï lrkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' ‘Tn Wfoaks mqr ieKfl<sh’ kerUqjd hehs i,ld mka;sh bÈßfha

l:djla lrkak'

2' ‘ldjHfYaLrfhka Ôú;hg .; yels wdo¾Y’ uefhka l:djla lrkak'

3' Tn ÿgq ieKfl<shla ms<sn| lú lsysmhla fyda rpkhla ,shkak'


urK ;=kla we;s ñksfila meKs lE h '''

lsishï wjia:djlg .e<fmk mßÈ fhdod .; yels mer‚

lshukla m%ia;dj msre<la f,i ye¢kafõ' m%ldY l< hq;= foa b;d

meyeÈ,sj fláfhka fuka u is;a .kakd wdldrhg bÈßm;a lsÍug

m%ia;dj msre¿ ukd msgqn,hla fõ' ñksiqkaf.a w;aoelSï" jgmsgdj

wdYs%;j f.dv ke.S we;s fun÷ msre¿j,g miqìï jQ rij;a l;d

mqj;a o fndfyda úg oelsh yels h' m%ia;dj msre¿j,g mokï jQ

l;d /ia fldg fma%uodi YS% w,j;a;f.a úiska iïmdokh lrk

,o msre¿ l;d lD;sfhka Wmqgd .;a l;dkaor ;=kla fï mdvug

we;=<;a fõ'

.`.g bks lemqjd jdf.atla .eñfhla nq,;a fldrgqjla jeùug woyia lf<a h' fldrgqfõ nq,;a

je,aj,g isgqùu i|yd fyd| me< bks ´kE úh' tA ksid Tyq tla Èkla

mdkaoßka u ke.sg wE; le,Ej n,d msg;a jQfha me< bks f;d.hla lmd

.ekSu i|yd h'

uoaoyk jk;=re u Tyq uy;a fia fjfyi ord fyd| fyd| me< bks

f;dard f.k lm lmd f.dv .eiqfõ h' wka;sfï § úid, bks f.dvla

tla /ia ù ;snq‚'

“fuÉpr bks f.dvla ux fldfydu o ;ksj u Wiaidf.k hkafk@” Tyq

l,amkd flf<a h'

Tyq bks lmñka isáfha .x bjqrl hs' yÈisfha u .Õ ÿgq Tyqg fyd|

woyila my< úh'

“fï .Õ .,kafk wfma .u ueoafoka' b;ska fï bks ál Tlafldu .Õg

oeïfud;a .fÕa j;=r mdrg .Õ Èf.a fkd jer§ u .ug hdú' Tõ" fïj

Wiaif.k .sys,a,d kslx uykais fjkak ´fk kE” Tyq is;=fõ h'

wk;=rej Tyq lemQ bks ish,a, u .Õg oeïfï h' tAjd .fÕa ie`v myrg

wiqj .id f.k f.dia fkd fmkS .sfha h' Tyq wdmiq .ug .sh;a me<

bks kï olskakg ,enqfKa ke;'

16


urK ;=kla we;s ñksfyla me‚ lEjd jdf.a

jkdka;rfha weúo f.k .sh tla ñksil=g yÈisfha u w,sfhla uqK

.eiq‚' ;ks w,shd ìysiqKq h' W! ñksid miqmi mkakd wdfõ h' Tyq ur

ìfha Èj hoa§ le,Ej ueo jQ md¿ <s|lg rEgd jegqfKa h'

Tyq my<g jefgk úg <s| ;=< t,af,ñka ;snQ je,a fofmdgla oE;g yiq

jQ neúka tu je,a fofmdfÜ oE;ska t,a,S .;af;a h' tA;a" tl w;lg yiq

ù ;snQ je,a mfÜ lrje,d kï jQ i¾mfhla o úh' ñksidf.a w;g ;rfha

yiq ù isá ksid fi, ù .; fkd yelsj isá lrje,d fldamhg m;aj

isáfha h' w; u|la fyda nqre,a jqfKd;a W! imd lkq ksh; h'

Tyq my< ne¨fõ h' <s| m;=f<a kd.fhla orK .id fmKh kÕd f.k

n,d isà' <s|g jegqfKd;a W! oIag lrkq ksiel h' thska o ii, jQ Tyq

by< ne¨fõ h' <sx lg wi, ;ks w,shd fyd~ Tijd f.k /l isà' tA

fudfydf;a Tyq ;=ka f,ilska urK ;=klg <xj isáfha h'

ñksidf.a wfkla w;g yiq ù ;snQ je,amfÜ ó johla ;snq‚' ó joh

w;g fmdä ùu ksid bka ó me‚ fíre‚' tA me‚ Tyqf.a w; Èf.a o

.,d wdfõ h' urK ;=klg ueÈj b;d ìysiqKq fudfyd;lg uqyqK md

isáh o me‚ ÿgq úg Tyq tA flfrys f,d,a úh' ish,a, u|lg wu;l l<

Tyq ysi yrjd w; Èf.a fífrk me‚ Èj .d lkakg mgka .;af;a h'

jfka .sð|d h ÿgqfjd;a jkid h

<sf|a m‚|d h jegqfKd;a W! ld h

w;lska lrjef,ls w;lska o~q nEh

urK ;=kla we;s ñksfila me‚ lE h


weá flfy,a ldmq W.=vqjd jdf.a

W.=vqrd, weá flfy,aj, w.=K fyd¢ka oek isáfha h' tA ;rug nvg

wiSre fjk;a lEula ke;s nj uq¿ W.=vq mrmqr u okS' tA ksid W.=vqrd,

ish W.=vq mexpdg o weá flfy,a .ek wk;=re wÕjñka wjjdo lsÍug

wu;l fkd flf<a h'

“weá flfy,a lkjd ;shd tAjd .ek ys;kak j;a tmd” hehs W.=vqrd, lS

úg mexpd ysi jkd tA wjjdo ms<s.ekSug tlÕ úh'

tfy;a tyd le,Efõ weá flfy,a u,la jeà" meiS" b§ iqj| yukakg jQ

úg mexpdg uy;a wuq;a;la oeks‚' tA iu. u ;d;a;df.a wjjdoh o

u;la úh'

“tyd le,Ejg .shdg fudlo@ ux weá flfy,a lkafk kE fkdje” lshd

is;+ W! tyd le,Ejg .sfha h' “.y w;.d,d ne¨jg ldßhla kEfk” lshQ W! .y w; .d ne¨fõ h'

“.yg álla ke.,d ne¨jg jrola fjkafk kE” hehs ;udg u lshd .;a

W! .yg nv .Efõ h'

“weá flfy,a álla bU,d n,kak fk' lkafk kï kE” lshd W! weá

flfy,aj,g kyh ;enqfõ h'

“wmQre iqj|æ tl f.ähla wrx lfÜ ;sh, ry ú;rla n,kak ´fk'

lkak kï fyd| kE” lshQ W! f.ähla lfÜ ;nd ne,S h' tAjd rij;a

nj W!g jegys‚'

“fmdä lE,a,la ld,d n,kak ´fk' f.dvla kï lkafk kEuhs” lshQ

W! l=vd lE,a,la ld ne¨fõ h' tA;a tAjd b;d ri nj oekqKq W! f.äh

u ld oeïfï h'

“oex b;ska tlla ldmq tfla ;j fol ;=kla ld,d u hkak ´k” lshd

is;+ W! flfuka uq¿ weá flfy,a lek u ld oeïfï h'

u, my lrkakg .sh W.=vq mexpdg we;sjqfKa iq¿ mgq wmyiqjla fkdfõ'

“wfka fohshfka" ;d;a;f. wjjdfo ms<smeoaod kï fldÉpr fyd| o@

wfmdhs ux lr .;a;= fudavlulaæ” hehs lshñka W.=vq mexpd blsì¢ñka

y~kakg jQfha h'



wjfndaOh

1' m<uq l;dfõ .eñhd myiqfjka bks f.k hdug Ndú; l< Wml%uh

l=ula o@

2' wdmiq .ug .sh .eñhdg me, bks oelSug fkd ,enqfKa wehs@

3' jkdka;rfha weúo f.k .sh ñksidg uqyqK §ug isÿ jQ wk;=re

fláfhka kï lrkak'

4' W.=vq mexpd tyd le,Ejg f.dia l< foaj,a wkqms<sfj<ska ,shkak'

5' ;d;a;df.a wjjdoh fkd ms<sme§u ksid W.=vq mexpdg isÿ jQ wlr;eính

l=ula o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; i|yka jpkj,g iudkd¾: jpk mdvfuka f;dard ,shkak'

i. uykaish vi. kÈh

ii. c,h vii. uOHyak

iii. le,h viii. flaka;sh

iv. pxp, ix. mrïmrdj

v. l%ufhka x. Worh

ie`v myr - fõ.j;a Èh myr

ìysiqKq - nh Wmojk

.sð|d - we;a kdhlhd" yia;srdchd

m‚|d - kd.hd" kd. rdchd

wiSre - wudre" wmyiq

flfy,a u,la jefgkjd - flfi,a lekla yg .ekSu

flfuka - l%ufhka" ms<sfj<ska

u, my lrkjd - wY+Ñ msg lsÍu

;rfha - ;oska


2' tu jpkj,g iudk w¾:h we;s Tn okakd fjk;a jpk ,shkak'

3' my; i|yka jpkj,g úreoaOd¾: mo mdvfuka fidhd ,shkak'

i. uE; ii. l=vd

ii. mq¿,a iv. krl

iii. iel vi. ;o

vii. ÿ.| viii. myiq

ix. wu;l x. my<

4' tu úreoaOd¾: mo fhdod w¾:j;a jdlHh ne.ska ks¾udKh lrkak'

kdu mohl fyda l%shd mohl uq,g fh§ tA mo ;j ÿrg;a úia;r lsÍu

i|yd Ndú; jk mo" úfYaIK mo nj by; idlÉPd lf<uq' fï mo

úfYaIh fohdldr fõ'

i. kdu úfYaIK ii. l%shd úfYaIK

kdu mohl uq,g fh§ th jeä ÿr úia;r lrkq ,nk mo" kdu úfYaIK

f,i ye¢kafõ'

WodyrK(-

i' “lshùu i|yd fyd| fmd;la f;dard .kak” hhs .=re;=ud

mejiqfõ h'

ii' w;a;ïud iqÿ idßh ye| isà'

l%shd moj,g uq,ska fh§ tu mo jeä ÿrg úia;r lrkq ,nk mo" l%shd

úfYaIK hs'

WodyrK(-

i. l%Svlhd fõ.fhka ÿjhs'

ii. <orejd yhsfhka w~hs'

úfYaIK mo

kdu úfYaIK

ls%hd úfYaIK


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; i|yka kdu mo i|yd úfYaIK mo ,shkak'

i' úÿy, iv' mka;sh

ii' ñksid v' .S;h

iii' l=re,a,d

2' tu úfYaIK mo iys; kdu mo fhdod w¾:j;a jdlHh ne.ska

ks¾udKh lrkak'

3' my; i|yka jdlHj, l%shd mo i|yd úfYaIK mo we;=<;a lr

kej; ,shkak'

i. .=re;=ud mdvu b.ekakqfõ h'

ii. “Tng isÿ jQ úm; mjikak'”iii. fmd,sia ks,OdÍyq wk;=r isÿ jQ ia:dkhg Èjqfjda h'

iv. YsIH YsIHdfjda WoEik /iaùug iyNd.s jQy'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' m%ia;dj msre¿j,g wod< l;kaor tla lr fmd;a msxpla idokak'

2' j¾;udkfha ks¾udKh ù we;s m%ia;dj msre¿ lsysmhla fidhd ,shkak'

3' fjk;a m%ia;dj msre<lg mdol jQ l;djla f;dard f.k tys wjia:d

Ñ;% l;djla f,i bÈßm;a lrkak'

4' mka;sfha isiqka lKavdhï lsysmhlg fn§ m%ia;dj msre¿j,g mdol

jk l;dj ne.ska f;dard f.k th kdgHdkqidrfhka bÈßm;a

lrkak'


mqxÑ mef<a .i fjkd

idys;H ks¾udKlrKfhys ,d

f,aLlhdf.a <ud úfha w;aoelSï

ksielj u n,mdhs' f,dal m%lg

fYa%IaG idys;HOrhka fuka u úYsIag

.Kfha f,aLl pß; yd Tjqkaf.a

ks¾udK weiqfrka th wm fldf;l=;a

w;aoel we;' we;eï f,aLlhka ;u

<ud úfha w;aoelSï tla lr ish

pß;dmodkh ,shd ;eîug W;aiql

jQfha o ta ksid u úh hq;= h'

kQ;k isxy, idys;H lafIa;%fha m%lg" mqfrda.dó f,aLlhl= jk

fla' ch;s,lf.a ‘mqxÑ mef<a .i fjkd’ lD;sh iajhx pß;dmodkhlehs

lsh yels h' ta weiqfrka fuu mdvu ilia lr we;'

mjqf,ka" .ï fodfrka u;= fkd j mdif,ka yd wOHdmkfhka o .=re

Nj;=ka yd iu jhia orejka weiqfrka o hul=f.a isiq wjêh;a nd,

wjêh;aa o¨ ,d jefvk rÕ wms ljqre;a mdfya oksuq' fla' ch;s,lhkag

o th tfiau jQ w;r Tyqf.a pß;fha uq,a w;= b;s o¨ ,kakg .;af;a

rodjdk mdGYd,dfõ bf.kqu ,nk wjêfha § u h' “yefok .y

fofm;af;ka oefka” hk m%lg ck lshuk ienE lrñka wmf.a m%Odk

pß;fha mshux ,l=Kq ta mdi,a iufhka u;=j wd whqre mdi,;a" mdif,a

§ ;udg u. fmka jQ .=reNj;=ka yd iuld,Sk ñ;=rka .ek;a Tyq lrk

fï i|yfkka lshefõ'

“.%dóh wOHdmk l%uh hgf;a wmg .ïuqkaf.a f.j,aj, W¿ fiú,s lr

§u" l=Uqre jev lr §u wdÈfhys o fhfokakg isÿ úh' wm úiska ÿmam;a

mjq,a follg jeisls<s folla ;kd fok ,È' fï jev" úfYaIfhka

wkqkag jeisls<s ;ekSu foujqmshkaf.a ;on, fodaIdfrdamKhg ,la úh'

tfia jqj;a Tjqka ;=< jQ lsishï yslaóula ksid mdi, úiska f.k hk

17


ljr jHdmdrhlg fyda ixúOdkh jQ úfrdaOhla fkd mdk ,È' fï

jevj, fh§u ksid wfma bf.kSug ndOd jQfha hehs fkd is;sh hq;='

kshÕlska fõ<S .sh fmfoil msysá f.dúm<la yÈisfha ,o j¾Idjlska

m%dKj;aj o¨ ,kakd fia wfma bf.kSu o m%fndaOj;a úh' fï msáirno

l=vd mdi,ska úúO lafIa;%j, olaI;d ysá wäfha u;= jkakg úh' .fï

wkqrejla biaflda, j;a; ueo ;eks‚' YsIHhka úiska u .nvd ldurhla

f.dv keÕs‚' j;a; msáh u,a m,;=rej,ska .ejiS .sfha h' isiqyq kdgH

folla rÕ oelajQy' bka tll m%Odk wuq;a;d jQfha tjl m<d;a md,k

weu;s;a m<df;a uka;S%jrhd;a jQ weia' ví,sõ' wd¾' ã' nKavdrkdhl h'

fï ms<sn| úia;r mqj;am;aj, m< úh' kdgHfhka ,o ,dNfhka mdi,g

.=jkaúÿ,s hka;%hla ñ, § .eks‚' <uhs .=jkaúÿ,s .dhkd ;r.j,g

bÈßm;a jQy' ^uq,ska u fï i|yd bÈßm;a jQfha weï'Ô' iurfialr - miqj

uy.u fialr - YsIHhd h'& fialr .dhlhl= fuka u olaI k¿fjla o úh'

kdgHj, ljghdf.a pß;h" rÕmEfõ Tyq h' uu o tla kdgHhl rÕmd

we;af;ñ' ta úch kdgHfhys ;dmihd yeáhg h' ;dmihl= yeáhg

fmkS isàug ug rÕmEula wjYH fkd ù hæ ud ol=K; Tijd “úch

f;dmg ch fõjdæ” lsh;a u úch we;=¿ msßi ud bÈßfha o‚ka jeà

kuialdr lr;s'

wm fld;rï lshùfuys .e,S isáh;a idys;Hh ms<sn|j l%udkql+, oekqula

yd kshu reÑhla wm ;=< j.d lrk ,oafoa chfialr uy;d úisks' ‘isxy,

rpkh’ wdÈ fmd;a lsysmhla ,shd we;s .ïfyajd .=Kj¾Okf.a ^wìrï

.ïfyajdf.a fidfydhqre& ñ;%hl= jQ chfialr uy;d l=udr;=x.f.a

‘fy<’ ffY,shg nr jQfjla úh' tjlg isxy, idys;Hfhys ls%hd;aul

j ;snQ m%Odk n,fõ.h th u úh' fufyhska wm o ,oafoa fy<hg

keUqre jQ idys;H reÑhls'

Tyq wmg idys;Hh b.ekaùu wdrïN lrk ,oafoa wgjeks m%udKfha § h'

wjqreÿ ;=k y;rla .; jk l,sfhka lõis¿ñK olajd jQ iEu mer‚

isxy, idys;H .%ka:hla u ud lshjd ;snqfKa hehs lSu w;sYfhdala;shla

fkdfõ' fï ld,fha § uf.a iaurK Yla;sh o wêl úh' .=;a;s,fhys w.h

lsisjl= wmg fmkajd § fkd ;snqKq kuq;a thska Nd.hla muK ug lg

mdvfuka lsj yels úh' Wïu.a. cd;lfha uq,a msgq .Kkla u u;l ;sìK'

ví,shq' ta' is,ajdf.a kjl;dj, iuyr fldgiq;a" /' f;kakfldakaf.a

jjq¨fjka úYd, fldgil=;a tl È.g u u;lska lsj yels úh' tmuKla

fkd j l=udr;=x. újrK .%ka: ud lshjQfha kjl;djla lshjk


;rfï u wNsreÑhlsks' l=udr;=x.g ish nyqY%e;;dj blaujd hk ks¾udK

Yla;shla ;sì‚' jpkhla folla fjkia fldg wkqkaf.a kSri lúhlg

mjd ri nyd ,Sfï mqÿu Yla;shla Tyqg ;sìK'

óg wjqreÿ lsysmhlg miq lõis¿ñfKa tl o lúhla j;a f;areï .ekSug

kqmq¿jka j isá ;eke;a;l=g wjidk .=re úNd.h i|yd uu th lshd

ÿksñ' .=re úNd.hg lõis¿ñK .ek b;d .eUqre oekSula n,dfmdfrd;a;=

jQfha ke;s nj ienú' tfia jqj;a Tyq bka iu;a ùfuka fmkS hkafka ta

fmd;a ms<sn| iEfyk wjfndaOhla ug ;snqKq njhs' óg;a miq ld,fhys

,kavka úYajúµd,fha isxy, f.!rj Wmdêhg fmkS isá wjia:dfõ §

mjd kshñ; fmd;a jrla lshjQjd úkd úfYaI wOHhkhla fkd flf<ñ'

chfialr uy;d ug jvd,d;a wu;l fkd jkafka wkH;r jQ fya;=jla

ksid h' Tyq ish f.dúmf<a ish¨ me<Eàkaf.ka tl u m%;sM, wfmalaId

fkd flf<a h' Tyq ta tlsfkflka f.ä" u,a" lr,a" w," uq,a" bo,a wdÈ

jYfhka úúO jQ m%;sM, n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh' Tyq tajdg id;a;= imamdhï

lf<a o ta wkqj h' fï f.dúmf<a laI‚lj jevqKq W÷" uqx" ñßia w;r

uu tfia laI‚lj fkd jevqKq lcq me<hla ùñ' fï Wmudj uis;g

kÕskafka chfialr uy;d meñŒug fndfyda l,lg by;" tkï¦

ud m<uqjeks fyda fojeks m%udKfha § W.;a mqxÑ lúhla fya;= fldg

f.k h' l=uk lreKla ksid fyda ta lúh uf.a is;g o ;Èka ld je§

we;'

mdGYd,d N+ñfha msysá fi,a,ï msÜgkshg Tífnka w;= m;r úoyd .;a

úYd, lcq .ila úh' fï .i hg jQfha ueá ìuls' tys tl o ;K

fld<hla j;a fkd ù h' .fika jefgk úh<s lcq fld< o Èkm;d wyq,d

bj; oukq ,en msßisÿj meje;af;a h' mdif,a t<suyka mka;s meje;ajQfha

fu;ek h' wms .=rejrhd jgd j,hdldrj isg f.k lú yd l;kaor

W.;suq' bka fï lúh ta lcq .i u ixfla; lr ;ekqjla jeks úh'

mqxÑ wefÜ me< fjkd

mqxÑ mef<a .i fjkd

mqxÑ mqxÑ kqj‚kd

mqxÑ <fuda mç fjkd

fï mqxÑ me<Eáh urKdikakj ;sìh § fírd f.k j¾Okhg rel=,a

fok ,oafoa chfialr uy;d úisks' fï ms<sn| my; i|yka mqj; ud

fuf;la lsisfjl=g lshd fyda lsis ;ekl ,shd ke;' Bg fya;=j álla


th uf.a ;rug jeä l;djla hehs ;j u;a isf;k neúks' th ljod

fyda lsh hq;a;la ksid fuys i|yka lrñ'

lDIsl¾uhg" l¾udka;hg fyda fudk u l,d Ys,amhlg j;a oialula

ud ;=< fkdue;' tla;rd wkaoulg mka;sfhka fldka ù isák uu o

fiiq <uhska iu. mka;shg meñfKñ' l,ska Èk ndr ÿka wfma rpkd

iys; fmd;=;a /f.k .=re;=ud mka;shg meñfKhs' yß nß .eyS jdä

fjk Tyq tys Wäka u we;s rpkd fmd; f.k /,a nqre,a wßhs' ta uf.a

fmd;hs' uu isyska ìhlska fj<S hñ'

Tyq ta rpkh lshjkafka fyd| ksid o@ ÿ¾j, ksid o@ Tyqf.a uqyqfKa

mj;skafka mS%;shla ñi fldamhla fkd fõ' rpkfha lsishï ;ekl

tk woyila wjOdrKh lrk Tyqg ‘fjß .=â whsähd’ hehs bfíg u

lshfjhs' isxy, mqyqKq .=rejrhl= fj;;a Tyqg n,j;a i;=gla we;s jQ

wjia:dj, fufia bx.S%is jdlHdxYhla fyda jpkhla lshfjhs'

‘fukak fï jf.a ;uhs jdlH rpkd ,shkak ´kE’ chfialr uy;d

mka;sfha uq,a,l .=,s ù tfy;a i;=áka msïî isák ud foi n,d mjihs'

bka miq ud mka;sfha bÈßhg le|jd lshk mqrdjD;a;hla we;'

‘i¾ ã' î' ch;s,l Wkakefy fndfydu wudrefjka bf.k .;a;=

flfkla' mqxÑ ldf, Wkakefyf. ku ndfrdka' ndfrdka bf.k

.;af; úoHd,xldr msßfjfka wêm;s r;au,dfka YS% O¾udrdu kdhl

yduqÿrejkaf.ka' ndfrdka mdvï fok fldg yduqÿrefjda ks;r lshmq

fohla ;uhs ‘ndrd;a ljod yß ñksfyla fjhs’ lshk tl' Tyq mqxÑ uf.a

isref¾ Wv isg my<g weia ÿjjd ysi i,hs' ‘ta jf.a wfma fï ndrd;a

ljod yß ñksfyla fjhs'’ Tyq fuh úgla folla muKla fkdj fndfyda jdr .Kkla mjid we;'

ta jkdys wïudf.ka muKla Èh ì|la ,nñka ;snQ by; lS me<Eáhg

,enqKq c,Odrdjla úh'

chfialr uy;df.a m%Yxid fya;= fldg f.k mka;sfha lsisfjla ug

B¾IHd flf<a ke;' tlaflda Tjqka tys kshu .eUqr fkd yÕskakg we;'

ke;akï ud jeks flfkl=g bka we;s jk hym;la ke;ehs is;kakg we;'

fjfklla ;nd Tjqka ug jvd fyd¢ka ,shkakg mq¿jka hehs ie,l=fha

fjk;a <uhl=g hæ Tyq idudkHfhka yeu jevlg u olaIlula fmkajQ

vhia mjqf,a idudðlfhla úh' Tyq fndfyda ld,hla fudag¾ r: fiajd

ia:dkhl fiajh lrñka isg miqj .=rejrfhla úh'


fuhska jevla úkd wjevla isÿ jQfha ke;' jfÜ bkakka .ek fkd;ld

lD;sh flf¾ úYajdih flfuka ÈhqKq lr .ekSug ug bka bv m%ia;dj

ie,iq‚' my< uOHu .Kfha nd, isiqka foi neÆ WfmalaIdfjka u ug

Tjqka foi o ne,Sug neßlula ke;'” idys;H ks¾udKfhys,d ish isiq orejka ;=< ks¾udKdfõYh;a"

WfoHda.h;a Èßh;a oe,ajQ chfialr uy;d n÷ .=re mshjre" .=re ujqjre

iod f.!rjhg md;% úh hq;af;da u h' ukao h;a" ta mqxÑ me< fmdä o¨

,kq oel Bg ksis Èh fmdfydr ,d ire mila ;kkqfha Tjqkaf.a we.hqï"

wkqoekqï" u. fmkaùï wkqj jk fyhsks' mdi,a úfha § u wm ;=<

oe,afjk ksi. m%;sNdkh ksjerÈj y÷kd .kafkda o Tjqyq u h' tfyhska

fun÷ iqmika úh;a Èú ux ;kd,kafkda o Tjqyq u h'

fla' ch;s,l jeks lD;yia; f,aLlhl= ish Ôjk w;aoelSï m%fhdackhg

.ksñka ,shd ;enQ kjl;d" flál;d iy úpdr m; fmd; wo wmf.a

iïNdjkdjg md;% jkqfha u hg lS <ud jhfia mgka Tyqf.a pß;h

;=< jevqKq" ieÕjqKq kej; u;= jQ hï hï is;=ú,s ixl,amkd fyj;a

mßl,amkhkaf.a wmQ¾j;ajh ksid h' f,dj mqrd Ôjudk tn÷ ks¾udKYS,S

f,aLlhkaf.a pß;dmodk lshùfuka Tjqkaf.a fYa%IaG ks¾udKj,ska u;=

jk ta ta wjHdc yeÕSï" oekSï" ú£ï fia u Tjqkaf.a Èú meje;au yd

Ôjk o¾Ykh wmg o mila lr .; yels kï wmf.a ks¾udKYS,S;ajh;a

ri{;dj;a Ôú; mß{dkh;a jvd,Sug th u bjy,a jkafka h'


iajhx pß;dmodkh - ;udf.a u Ôú; l;dj

wkH;r - fjk;a

mqrdjD;a;h - w;S; l;d mqj;

Ôú; mß{dkh - Ôú;djfndaOh

nyqY%e; - fndfyda weiQ msrE ;eka we;s

wjodkï - wk;=reodhl

iaurK Yla;sh - u;l Yla;sh$OdrK Yla;sh

j,hdldr - j<,a,l wdldrhg

ÿUq,a - wmeyeÈ,s


wjfndaOh

1' fï f,aLlhdf.a Wmka .u yd W.;a mdi, l=ula o@

2' fla' ch;s,lhkaf.a <ud úfha w;aoelSula fláfhka úia;r lrkak'

3' ch;s,l YsIHhdf.a olaI;d y÷kd .;a .=re;=ud ljfrla o@ bka fï

YsIHhdg w;a jQ m%;sM, ljf¾ o@

4' fuu mdvfï oelafjk m%isoaO f,aLlhka fofokl= kï lrkak'

5' mdvfï i|yka wdldrhg fuu f,aLlhd lshjQ mer‚ isxy, fmd;a

fudkjd o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk jdlHhkays woyi ieflúka ,shkak'

¸' ‘mqxÑ me<Eáh urKdikak j ;sìh§ fírd f.k j¾Okhg rel=,a

fok ,oafoa chfialr uy;d úisks'’¸¸' ‘ta jkdys wïudf.ka muKla Èh ì|la ,nñka ;snQ by; lS

me<Eáhg ,enqKq c, Odrdjla fõ'’ ¸¸¸' ‘wms .=rejrhd jgd j,hdldrj isg f.k lú yd l;dkaor W.ksuq'’ ¸¹' ‘yefok .y fofm;af;ka oefka'’¹' ‘mqxÑ mqxÑ kqj‚kd - mqxÑ <fuda mç fjkd'’

3' fï moj, w¾:h fok fjk;a mo ^iudkd¾: mo& ,shkak'

¸' u;lh - '''''''''''''''''''''''''''

¸¸' mqIam - '''''''''''''''''''''''''''

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4. flá ms<s;=re imhkak'

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l=ula ksid o@

¸¸' foiaa - úfoiays fYa%IaG f,aLlhka ,shQ fjk;a iajhx pß;dmodk

lD;s folla kï lrkak'


¸¸¸' ud¾áka úl%uisxyf.a <ud ld,h .ek Tn wid we;s f;dr;=re

fudkjd o@

¸¹' mdif,a § u;= jQ Tn i;= iyc l=i,;d fyda iqúfYaI yelshdjka

ljf¾ o@ ta i|yd Tn ,;a Èß .ekaùï fyda we.hqï fudkjd o@

¹' Tfí foujqmshka" jeäysáhka iy .=rejreka flfrka Tn wid

we;s m%Yxid;aul joka fyda Tjoka fudkjd o@ tajd Tfí pß;fha

yev.eiaug flfia n,mdkq we;a o@

5' ‘uf.a <ud úh’ fyda ‘uf.a mdi,a Ôú;h’ hk uefhka Tfí u

w;aoelSï iys; flá rpkhla ,shkak'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' lKavdhï jYfhka fn§ my; i|yka úYsIag .Kfha mqoa.,hkaf.a

Ôjk w;aoelSï iy úfYaI f;dr;=re mka;shg bÈßm;a lrkak'

ud¾áka úl%uisxy

rùkaøkd;a ;df.da¾

ulaisï f.da¾ls

Ô' î' fiakdkdhl

uydpd¾h tÈßùr irÉpkaø

2' fla' ch;s,lf.a fmd;a kdudj,shla ms<sfh, lrkak'

3' fla' ch;s,lf.a lD;s w;ßka Tn is;a .;a fmd; ms<sn| rpkdjla

,shkak¡


´kE u rgl iqkaor;ajhg i;=ka" .yfld<" we<fod< .x.d wdÈh

fya;= fõ' wfma rg o iqkaor mßirhlg ysñlï lshhs' th wmg

uy;a wNsudkhls' ví,shq' ta' wfíisxy úiska rpkd lrk ,o

fuu ks¾udKh wfma rfÜ iqkaor;ajh .ek lshefjkakls'

u,a frdkg nure jäkd

,sh u~q¨ ksn| ks,kd

we,a mjk .suk ksjkd

ks,a forK jdikdjka

.,a l=f<ka l=<g yefmkd

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Èh l÷re .,d niskd

ks,a forK jdikdjka

;=re isri wrd isákd

fid| ná;s u,s;s fkdñkd

hi ñysß iskaÿ lshkd

ks,a forK jdikdjka

fl<s u;sk bms, msyskd

fkl oKaä megõ kgkd

Èh lä;s is£ fkdhkd

ks,a forK jdikdjka

jdikdjka18


wjfndaOh

1' jdikdjka hk ks¾udKfha f;audj l=ula o@

2' fuys i|yka wdldrhg wfma rgg Wreu iajdNdúl iïm;a fudkjd o@

3' rplhd wfma rg ‘ks,a forK’ f,i y÷kajd we;af;a wehs@

4' fï ks¾udKh lshjk úg wfma rfÜ iqkaor;ajh .ek Tfí is;g

tk yeÕSï ms<sn| jdlH ;=kla ,shkak'

5' ‘;=re isri’" ‘fl<s u;sk’ hk jpkj, w¾: ,shkak'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' fuys my; oelafjk woyi yeÕfjk .S mo Wmqgd olajkak'

¸' l÷ uqÿkaj,ska .,d yef,k ß§ meye;s Èh oyrd h'

¸¸' ;=re uqÿkays l=re,af,da ñysß kdo mj;aj;s'

¸¸¸' isys,a iq<Õska .S%Iauh ksfjhs'

2' my; oelafjk jpkj,g iudkd¾: fok mo .Sfhkaa Wmqgd

,shkak'

¸' .S%Iauh ¸¸' lS%vd ¸¸¸' ysi

¸¹' ,;d uKavm ¹' fmdf<dj

3' my; oelafjk mµ mdGj, woyi Tfí jpkfhka ,shkak'

¸' u,a frdkg nUre jäkd

,sh u~q¨ ksn| ks,kd

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ÿ,a ß§ Èfhka fidnkd

Èh l÷re .,d niskd

¸¸¸' fl<s u;sk bms, msyskd

fkl oKaä megõ kgkd

Èh lä;s is£ fkdhkd

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fï ks¾udKh mka;sfha § ;d,dkql+,j .dhkd lrkak'

2' wfma rg .ek ,sheù we;s .µ mµ ks¾udK tla/ia fldg fmd;a

msxpla ilia lrkak'


iudcfhys ùr;ajfhka ie,l=ï ,nk pß;j, ls%hdldrlï w<,d

ks¾udKh jQ mqrdjD;a; o ck m%jdo úfYaIhls' fïjdfhys úfYaI;ajh

jkafka thska m%ldYs; pß; yd isoaê i;H fia fmkS hdu h' tu.ska

ck iudchg jákdlï yd idrO¾u yqjd oelaùu isÿ flf¾'

ã' mS' úl%uisxy úiska iïmdÈ; u. È.g ck l;d lD;sh uykqjr

m%foaYfha m%p,s; mqrdjD;a; yd ck l;d ix.%yhls' fuys we;=<;a

mqrdjD;a;j,g mokï jQ hq.fha iudc b;sydi l;d o wka;¾.;

ùu tys jeo.;alu hs' fï l;dj u. È.g ckl;d fmdf;ka Wmqgd

f.k we;'

ßls,a,.ialv lvj;ska mgka f.k ú,aj," fudrmdh úydria:dk miq

lr f.k ukaodrï kqjr olajd mqrdK .uka ud¾.hla ;snqfKa h' oekqÿ

we;af;a h' tu uf.ys fudrmdh úydria:dkh wi, msysá udkdfld< kï

.fuys tl, uqrfmd<la úh' mqrdK .uka ud¾.hkayss lvj;a fkdfyd;a

uqrfmd<j,a msysáfha l÷ w;f¾ jQ lfmd¨ wi, h' lfmd,af,ka

msg;g hd fkd yels fia úYd, lgqme,e,a,lska th wdjrKh lrk

,oafoa h' ta wi, uqrlrefjla Èjd rd;%s folays u /lj,a f.k isà'

uqrlre fkdokakd jQ o wúYajdi lghq;= jQ o lsisjl=g uqrfmd<ska Tíng

hEug bv fkd ,efí' tfia ÿr neyer kd÷kk whl= jqj fyd;a m<df;a

uq,doEkshl=f.ka wjir m;%hla f.k wd hq;= fõ' hqoaO uq,doEkSka w;r

muKla jHjydr jk “wjir mohla” we;af;a h' wjir moh o;a ´kE u

flfkl=g uqr fmd<ska hdug ndOdjla fkd ;snqK nj iuyr ft;sydisl

m%jD;a;sj,ska Tmamq fõ' tu wjir moh wfkla lsisfjl=g oek.kag fkd §

wdrlaId lsÍu uqrlrejkaf.a iy uq,doEkskaf.a hq;=lfuls' ta wkqj n,k

úg lvj;a uqr lsÍfï ld¾hfhys fhfokafkda b;d úYajdi lghq;=" ´kE

u wjia:djl rcq fjkqfjka Èú ms§ug iQodkï ks¾NS; ffO¾hjka;fhda

fj;s'

udkdfld< uqrfmd< msysáfha b;d Wia l÷ m%dka;hl wka;su fl<jfrys h'

bÈßmssáka we;s l÷ nEjqfuys u;=rg wdÈ .ï rdYshla msysgd we;af;a h' fï

l÷jeá fol w;frka fn,syq,aTh .,d niS' l=ÿ uy;a .,al=¿ w;frka

rdisxfohshkag neK jeÿK

uqrlrejd

19


iqfoda iqÿ c, Odrd weo yef<ñka .,d niakd fn,syq,aTh o j,dl=¿j,ska

fj<S mj;akd ks,ajka .sß YsLr o wfkla mfika we;s ukaodrï kqjr jg

l< uyd l÷ mx;sfhys .sß YsLr j,d ÿyq,ska ieriqK fhdaO fm<la fuka

fmfka' tlska tl mäfm<la fuka úys§ .sh ,shÈj,ska hq;a l=Uqre iuQyh

ueo fmd,a" ls;=,a" fldia wdÈ jDlaIhkaf.ka ieÿï ,o .ïf.dvj,a /i

id.rh ueo msysá Èjhska fuka o¾Ykh fõ' fn,syq,aTh wi, u msysá

fudrmdh úydria:dkh ksid fï o¾YkSh;ajh oaú.=K flf¾'

;%sisxy,dëYajr fojk rdcisxy fyj;a rdisxfohshka oji udkfld<

lvjf;ys uqr fiajdj Ndrj isáfha ‘yjähd’ kï ,;a rdcmdlaIsl

ffO¾hj;a .ïjeisfhls'

uykqjr m%;sld¨ka w,a,d f.k isá ld,fha § Tjqkaf.a T;a;=ldrhka

Wvrg mqrd rcq fidhd weú§fuys fh§ isák nj rdcisxy rc okafka h'

ta ksid “T;a;=ldrhka .ek lvj;a uqrlrejka ksis fia l%shd flf¾oe” hs oek.ekSug rcqg wjYH úh' rc;=ud tla ojil .ïjeishl= f,i

ieriS udkdfld< lvj; mÍlaId lsÍu i|yd tys meñ‚fha h'

rc;=ud uqrlreg l:dfldg lvj;ska Tíng hdug bvfok f,i b,a,d

isáfha h' uqrlre W;a;r foñka “ud fu;k isákafka fkd y÷kk

wúYajdi whf.a .uk k;r lsÍug h' Tn ljqo@ l=ula i|yd fldys

hkafkys o@ .urg fldys o@ hk lsisjla uu fkd okafkñ' Tng ñka

Tíng hdug bv §u udf.a rdc fiajh meyer yeÍuls' tneúka Tng

ñka bÈßhg hdug bv fkd foñ' jyd wdmiq yeÍ hkq uekj”hs b;d

YslaIs;j oekqï ÿkafka h' túg fjiaj<d .;a rc;=ud bka miqng fkdù

“uu uykqjr wi, .ïjeisfhlañ' uf.a Nd¾hdj iy orefjda ukaodrï

kqjr fjfi;s' Tjqka ne,Sug hdu i|yd bv ÿk uekj”hs lSfõ h' “Tn

uykqjr wi, .ïjeishl= kï t.u .ï wdrÉÑ,f.ka fyda fldarf<a

ks,fu;=udf.ka .uka wjir m;%hla f.kdfjys oehs” uqrlrejd m%Yak

flf<a h' túg rcq “wfkaæ wdhqfndajkag uu ta fofmd< u fidhkag

.sfhñ' kuq;a iïn fkdù h' orejl=g wikSm hhs wdrxÑ ksid blaukska

hdug meñ‚fhñ' uu T;a;=ldrhl= fyda fndreldrfhla fkdfjñ¦ ta

ksid ug hkag bv ÿk uekj”hs b;d ´kElñka b,a,d isáfha h'

“Tn l=ula lSj;a uu Tng fu;ekska hdug bv fkd foñ' ta uf.a fiajh hs'

uf.a fiajhg le<,la uu lsis lf,l fkd lrñ' ta ksid fu;ek /£

fkd isg wdmiq hkq uekj” hs kej; b;d úkS; wkaoñka lSfõ h' túg


u.S fjiska isá rc;=ud T,.=jg w; oud rka ldishla f.k" —fuh

/f.k ug hkag bv ÿk uekj˜hs b,a,d isáfha h' tniska uqrlre

oKafvka myr ,;a i¾mhl= fuka l=ms; ù" uqr fy,a, w;g .;af;a h'

“uu f;dmf.a w,a,ig .scq ù uf.a fiajh meyer yßk ksjgfhla fkd

fjñ' f;dm kï taldka;fhka rdcfødayS T;a;=ldrhl= fuka fmfka'

;%sisxy,dëYajr rdisxfohshkaf.a wK we;akï fu;ekska tydg wählaj;a

fkd ;nj¦ tfia wählaj;a bÈßhg ;enqfjd;a rdisxfohshkaf.a w‚ka

f;dmf.a Èú f;dr lrk nj oek .kqj” hs .¾ckd flf<a h' bka miq

u.shd ;j;a fm/;a; fkd lr miqnei wdmiq yeÍ hkag .sfha h'

miq Èk y`.=rkafl; uyjdi,g jyd meñfKk fuka yjähdg rdcd{djla

,eì‚' Tyq ;udf.a fiajh ish w;jeiaidg mjrd fo.sä fojdre is;ska

rcjdi, lrd meñ‚fha h' fï rdcd{dj l=ula i|yd ù o@ fuhska

;udg hym;la fõ o@ whym;la fõ o@ hkq ksYaph lr .ekSug Tyqg

fkd yels úh' ^fo.sä fojdre is; kï thhs'& kuq;a ;ud oekqj;aj kï

rdcfødayslula fyda rdc fiajh meyer yeÍula fyda isÿ ù ke;s ksid

is;g ;rul iekiSula we;s úh'

kshñ; fõ,djg isxydikdrEV jQ ñysm;s f;fï “udkdfld< lvj;

uqrlre fuys le|jõ”hhs wK flf<a h' ta wkqj yjähd rcq bÈßfhys

fmkS isg" uq‚ka jeà kuialdr lr mfilg úh' “Bfha yjia

jrefõ udkdfld< lvj; uqrlf<a ;d oe”hs rc ms<súiS h' “tfia h

foajhka jykaiæ n¨.e;a;d tu fiajfhys fh§ isáfha h” hs b;d hgy;a

my;a niska ie, lr isáfha h' ta fõf,ys hïlsis mqreIfhla uqrfmd<ska

hdug jEhï flf<a oe’hs kej;;a rc weiS h' ‘tfiah foajhka jykaiæ

hïlsis T;a;=ldrhl= jeks mqoa.,fhla uqrfmd<ska neyer hdug jEhï

flf<a h' uu Bg bv kqÿkafkñ' wka;sfï § Tyq ug w,a,ila § hdug

jEhï flf<a h' tfõf,ys uu uydrdfcda;a;uhdKka jykafiaf.a wK

uq,a fldg Tyqg ;¾ckh lr wdmiq m,jd yeßfhñ” hs uqrlrejd b;d

ne.Em;aj okajd isáfha h'

“Tyq ljfrla o hk nj ;d oks;a oe”hs kej; rc m%Yak

flf<a h' “Tyq ljqre o hk nj fkd oksñ¦ ljqre fyda fõjdæ Tyq kï

T;a;=ldrhl= fyda rdcfødayshl= fyda úh hq;= h' ug w,a,ila § fyda Tyqg

hdug Wjukdj ;snq‚' ta ksid u uu Tyqg ;¾ckh lf<ñ' túg Tyq lr nd

f.k wdmiq yeÍ wdfõh” hs yjähd kej;;a ne.Em;aj ie, flf<a h'


“tfia kï oek .kqj" ta hkag jEhï l< rdcfødayshd kï uu fjñ'

wfkflla fkd fõ h” hs rc m%ldY flf<a h' tjoka weiQ yjähdf.a

W.=f¾ fl< is¢‚' .;ska odäh u;= ú‚' ‘ud kskaod wmydi flf<a

;%sisxy,dëYajr rdisxfohshkag fkd fõ oe”hs mmqj .efykag úh' Tyq

uq‚ka jeà je| “wfydaæ foajhka jykaiæ n¨.e;a;d fkd oek l<

jrog uyjdi, lreKdj ,efnk fialajd” hs lkak,õ lrkag úh'

túg rc iskd uqiq uqyq‚ka hq;=j “tïnd uqrlrej" f;dm uyjdi,g lsis

jrola fkd flf<ys h' f;dm jeks rdc fiajlhka we;s uu wdvïnr

fjñ' f;dmf.a Rcq iy.; rdc mdlaIsllu .ek uu b;d m%S;s ùñ'

rdc fiajfhys fhoúh hq;af;a w,a,ig <eÈ fkd ù ;¾ckhg ìh

fkd jk f;dm jeks rdc mdlaIslhka h' tneúka f;dmg uyjdi,ska

lreKd iïm;a ,efnkafka h” hs lshd rcq ysK me,¢ rka yjäh

.,jd yjähdf.a bfKa ne| rdc iam¾Yfhka n, odkh fldg “rka

yjä ÿr” hk ku o mg ne| rdclSh .ïjrhla o m%odkh flf<a h'


lvj; - uqrfmd<

lfmd¨ - ndOlh

lgq me,e,a, - wdjrKhla

wjir moh - wjirh ,nd .ekSug fhdod .;a

ryia jpkhls

.sß YsLr - l÷ uqÿka

oaú.=K - fo.=K

;%s isxy,dëYajr - ;=ka isxy,hg wêm;s

rdc mdlaIsl - rc;=udg mlaImd;

m%;sld¨ka - mq¾;=.SiSka

YslaIs;j - yslaó

l=ms; ù - WrKj

taldka;fhka u - b÷rd u$iaÓr jYfhka u

rdcfødayS - rc wKg tfrysj

.¾ckd lf<ka - .=.=rd lSfjka $y`v k.d lSu


wjfndaOh

1' ‘yjähd’ kï ,;a ;eke;a;df.a rdcldßh l=ula ù o@

2' lvj;ska Tíng hkq ms‚i u.shd oelajQ fya;= ljf¾ o@

3' rc;=ud uqrlre rc jdi,g le|jQfha wehs @

4' uqrlre fo.sähdfjka rc jdi,g .sfha l=ula ksid o@

5' udkdfld< uqrfmd< msysá m%foaYh wjg mßirfha olakg ;snqKq

oE ljf¾ o@

6' uqrlref.a pß;h ms<sn| Tng isf;k foa jdlH follska ,shkak'

1' my; oelafjk moj,g iudkd¾: mo mdvfuka f;dard ,shkak'

¸' wNS; ¸¹' N+m;s

¸¸' fo.=K ¹' úOdkfhka

¸¸¸' Èßu;a ¹¸' pr mqreIhl=

rdcd{djla - rc wKla

w;jeiaid - iydhlhd

fo.sä fojdre is; - isf;a fo.sähdj

isxydikdrEV - isxydikfhys wiqka .;a

n¨ .e;a;d - hgy;a nj fmkaùug hg;a

jeishka rcq bÈßfha ;ud y`ÿkajd

.;a mohls'

w,a,i - hï ld¾hhla lr .ekSug

kS;Hkql+, fkd jk wdldrhg

fok ;Hd.hla

uy jdi, lreKdj - rc;=udf.a wkqlïmdj

n, odkh fldg - n,h ,nd §

mg ne| - iaÓr kduh fjkqjg fjk;a

kula oeóu$fh§u$wdfoaY lsÍu

,sÅ; wNHdi


2' fï mdvfuys tk w,xldrj;a fhÿï myla f;dard ,shkak'

Wod(-'''.sß YsLrhka j,d ÿyq,ska ieriqK fhdaO fm<la fuka fmfka'

3' rdisx fohshka udkdfld< lvjf;a § l%shd l< wdldrh ms<sn| Tfí

woyi olajkak'

4' fï mdvfï tk pß; ;=<ska Tn ,;a Ôú;do¾Yh myokak'

5' fï mdvfï tk l;djg iqqqqÿiq fjk;a ud;Dldjla fhdokak'

wm weiQ ÿgq fohska fyda uk#l,ams; pß;" isoaê weiqfrka fyda f.d;k

,o l;djla fyda rpkhla m%nkaOhla fia ie,fla' tn÷ m%nkaO rpkhla

,sùu ks¾udKd;aul jEhuls'

ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaO rpkd ,sùfï wNHdihla f,i my; oelafjk

wjia:d weiqfrka tlla f;dard rpkhla fyda l;djla$l;d iels,a,la

f.dv k.kak'

1' ish fiajh we.hSfuka rc jdif,ka ksjig meñ‚ uqrlref.a

orejka iy ìß|f.a pß; uq,a lr .;a l=vd l;d iels,a,la ilia

lrkak'

2' rdcH fiajhg l< lemùu yd wjxl Ndjh ksid u Tfí uj$

mshd${d;s jeäysáhl= $.=rejrhl= ,;a úfYAI iïudkhla .ek is;d

ks¾udKd;aul rpkhla ,shkak' iqÿiq ud;Dldjla o fhdokak'

3' ‘tod rdisx fohshkaf.ka msÿï ,;a uqrlre wo Tng yuq ù kï'''’ ta

weiqfrka rpkhla f.dv k.kak'

4'wE; ÿIalr .ïudkhl rd;%s uqr ixpdrfha fhfok wdrlaIl yuqod

ks,Odßhl=g furg T;a;= ne,Su i|yd meñ‚ msgilaj, Ôúfhla

yuq úh' ta weiqfrka ks¾udK;aul rpkhla ,shkak'

5' ‘yÈisfha j;a fyg br fkd mEhqj fyd;a'''’ hk uefhka ks¾udKd;aul

rpkhla ,shkak'

ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaO rpkd


úúO lafIa;%j,g wod<j fndfyda f;dr;=re iïmdokh lrk

.=jkaúÿ,sh" ‘y~’ uQ,sl lr .;a m%n, úµq;a ikaksfõok

udOHhla fõ' .=jkaúÿ,s jevigykaj,g idjOdkj ijka §fuka

wmg oekqu;a úfkdaoh;a fol u ,efí' 1995 Tlaf;daïn¾ 24 jk

Èk YS% ,xldjg w¾O iQ¾h.%yKhla o¾Ykh jQ wjia:dfõ YS% ,xld

.=jkaúÿ,s ixia:dfõ isxy, iajfoaYSh fiajfha m%pdrh jQ iÔù

jevigykla weiqfrka fï mdvu ilia ù ;sfí'

.%yf,dald.dr mßY%fha isg t<suyka má.; lsÍula'

ksfõol(- fï fudfydf;a wm iQodkñka bkafka wo

^pkaok ;s,lr;ak& ojfia úfYaI;u isÿùu jk iQ¾h.%yKh .ek

f;dr;=re oek.kak' wm iu. isákjd wdpd¾h

pkaok chr;ak uy;d' iQ¾h.%yKhla" w¾O

iQ¾h.%yKhla mj;sk ld, jljdkqj, fndfyda

fokd úúO u; m< lrkjd¦ ñ:Hd úYajdi mjd

me;sfrkjd' fï .ek Tn;=udg hula lshkak

;sfhkjd o@

wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak(- Tõ" iQ¾h.%yKhla tlal ñ:Hd úYajdi rdYshla

^wdrdê;& me;sß,d' iuyre todg jevg hkafk ke;sj" <uhs

biafldaf, hjkafk ke;sj" bkakj ¨ nfha' tal

fndre jevla' fï wjia:dj tfia ìh úh hq;=

wjia:djla fkdfõ'

ta;a l=vd u orejka wjqreÿ 5-6 w;r <uhska fï

Èyd n,kak tmd' mdi,a hk jhfi wjqreÿ 10ka

by< orejkag kï fuh b;d u jeo.;a' ta ukao"

fï wjia:dj úoHd;aul jYfhka b;d u jeo.;a

jk ksid' orejkag fuh n,k wdldrh lshd §

fmkaúh hq;= hs' l=vd u orejkag th f;areï

iQßh Wod ù h<s ieÕjqKd foda 20


.kak wudre hs' oeka wo wms fu;ek fï fld<U

.%yf,dald.dr mßY%fha kerUqï l|jqrl l=vd

kerUqï l=áhla yo,d lrkafk tal' ksjerÈ

ms<sfj<g iQ¾hhdf.a m%;sìïnh fï m%lafIamK

;srh u;g m;s; lr,d iQ¾h.%yKh n,kak

¥f¾laIhla iú lr,d ;sfhkjd' ksjerÈ l%uh

wkq.ukh lrkjd kï iQ¾h.%yKfhka fjk

ydkshla keye'

ug wykak ,enqKd fï fj,djg iqÿ Ækq me‚hla

îfuka §¾>dhqI ,efnkjd lsh,d m;a;f¾

;snqKd lsh,d' iqÿ Ækq fndk tl fldfydu;a

fyd|hs' yDohdndO ÿre lrk .=Khla iqÿ Ækqj,

;sfhkjd' Th w;r fcHda;sI{fhd;a úúO u;

f.akjd' bkaÈhdfj <uhs ,efnkak bkak ujqjre

yexf.kjd lshkjd' ,xldfj;a oeka fï ;;a;ajh

me;sß,d' §mdj,sfhka miqj tk iQ¾h.%yKh

wiqnhs lsh,d bkaÈhdfõ .eyekq yexf.kj¨'

ksfõol(- oeka bf¾ ;;a;ajh fldfydu o@

wdpd¾h pkaok úiafika mx.=jla" ishhg myla jeys,d'

chr;ak(- wyfia Wv fl<jfrka jeySf.k tkjd' fld<Ug"

wkqrdOmqrhg tlsfkl fjkia m%udKfhka fuh

o¾Ykh fjkjd'


m%Odk ueÈßfha isg

fufyhqï ksfõol(- Tõ pkaok''' wm;a iQodkñka bkafka

^md,s; fmf¾rd uy;d& iQ¾h.%yKh krUkak' úoHd f,aLl wkqr

iS' fmf¾rd uy;d fï oeka ueÈßfhka msg;g

ÿj,d .syska bf¾ ;;a;ajh n,,d wdjd'

wo Wfoa wgl=;a úkdä 47g ,xldfjka jeä

m%udKhlg fï w¾O iQ¾h.%yKh fmakjd' fï

idlÉPdfõÈ ;j l;d l< hq;= hula ;sfhkjd' fï

iQ¾h.%yKh isÿ jk fõ,dfj u fkd mSÿKq .ylg

bo,lska .eyeõjd u M, orkjd lsh,d l;djla

;sfhkjd' fï .ek ùrr;ak uy;auhdf.ka hula

wykak leu;s hs'

wdpd¾h iqiss,a ùrr;ak(- tajdfha hï mokula we;s' ta;a ixLHdf,aLk

wrka fydh,d n,,d tal m¾fhaIKd;aulj Tmamq

l< miqjhs wmg tal keye lshd lshkak mq¿jka'

ta ksid Tjeks woyia .ek tljr ;SrK fokak

wudrehs'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- bkaÈhdfõ kï wr¿" nq¿" fk,a,s m; tlg is|

fndkak fokj¨' wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak kï

lsõfj tajd fldhs fjf,a ìõj;a fyd|hs lsh,d'

iQ¾h.%yKhla we;;a ke;;a tajd fndk tl

fyd| hs'

uuhs" O¾ur;ak uy;auhhs ;j u fï ueÈßfhka

msg;g .sfha keye' fï wjia:dj oel .kak'

we;a;g u fujr mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKhla fmakafk

fldhs m<d;aj,g o@

Ô'tï'Ô' O¾ur;ak uy;d(- l,algdj" nx.a,dfoaYh yryd nqreuh

lsÜgqj fï mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKh fmakjd'

we*a.ksia:dkfhka mgka f.k úhÜkduh yryd

nqreuh olajd ta álg fuh mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKhla

f,i fmfkaú'


fufyhqï ksfõol(- ta lshkafka mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKh fmfkkafk

tl máhla fia Èfjk l,dmhl muKhs' iq¿

m%foaYhlg ú;rhs' ta wehs lshkak mq¿jka o@

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd(- Tõ" j¾. lsf,da ógr 275l muK iq¿ m%foaYhla

olajd muKhs fï Pdhdj jefgkafk' talg pkaøhd

mq¿jka ;rï <x fjkak ´k' mQ¾K .%yKhla

jqKdg W;=re bkaÈhdj" mlsia:dkh" nqreuh jf.a

iSudikak l,dmhlg muKhs tal fmakafk' wo

Wfoa 8'47g ,xldjg o¾Ykh fjkafk w¾O iQ¾h

.%yKhla' ta fj,djg j,dl=¿ rys; meyeÈ,s

wyila ;sfíú lsh,d n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd' ta;a

wyfia j,dl=¿j, wo fjkila fmakjd' W;=r"

kef.kysr" W;=re ueo m<d;aj, ;rul jeysnr

ld,.=Khla mj;skjd' j,dl=¿j, ;;a;ajh ksid

fï w¾O .%yKh fmfkkafk ke;s fjkak;a

mq¿jka'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak iu. pkaok ;s,lr;ak

.%yf,dald.drfha isg ta .ek ;j;a f;dr;=re

f.k taú'

1955 § mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKhla ux kï oelald wkqrg

u;l o ukaod''' wkqr kï fmdä we;s'

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd (- Tõ" ug jhi wjqreÿ 8la ú;r we;s' ta wjia:dj

uf.a isf;a ;Èka u ;ekam;a jqKd' mdkaor iQ¾hhd

ke.,d wyi l¿ fj,d ;re È¨Kd' yekaoEjg

l=re,a,ka lE .yk Yíoh ta fj,dfj wefykak

.;a;d' yrla wuq;= yeisÍï iajNdjhla fmkakqjd'

fmdä <ufhla úÈyg ug ys;d .kak neßj .shd

fudlla o jqfKa lsh,d'

fla' wd¾' wNhisxy(- 1955 cQks 20 fjksod mQ¾K.%yKh mgka .;af;

Wfoa 8'11g Wfoa 8'11 isg 8'15 olajd ;sì,d bjr

jqKd' úkdä 8 ;;amr 8hs'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- l=vd ld,fha ;s%l=Kdu,hg .sh .fõIKd;aul

.ukl § k.rfha úYd, msÜgkshla ueoafo wm


.fõIKd;aulj iQ¾h.%yKh .ek;a wyi .ek;a

yeoErejd' nqO .%yhd mshú weiska oel .ekSfï

jdikdj tod ug ,enqKd'

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd(- iQ¾h.%yKfha § iQ¾hhd w÷re jk ksid;a" nqO"

iQ¾hhd <Õ u isák .%yhd ksid;a tfyu olskak

mq¿jka' ta ksihs nqO mshú weiska olskak yels

fjkafka'

wdpd¾h iqiss,a ùrr;ak(- fï jevigykg lka fok YsIHhkag lshkak

m‚jqvhla ;sfhkjd' fï iQ¾h.%yKh fjk

fudfyd; yß u wmQrehs' l=l=<ka kej; j;djla

y~,kak .kakjd' ksÈl=ïnd" f;dar jf.a .iaj,

fld< kefjkjd' u,dksl iajNdjhla .kakjd'

oeka 8'46g wkqrdOmqr" fmdf,dkakrej" hdmkh

jeks m%foaYj, fï fjkialï olskak ,efíú'

i;=kaf.a p¾hdjka o fjkia fõú' Tn;a fï

fudfyd; oel n,d .kak'

O¾ur;ak uy;d(- Tõ''' mdi,a <uhs Th fndre ñ:Hd u;j,ska

ñÈ,d wdrlaIl úê l%u fhdod fïl n,d.kak'

tAl jákd fohla'''

fufyhqï ksfõol(- Tõ" tfykï w¾O iQ¾h.%yKh krUkak Tng

lrk wdrdOkdj;a iu`. wms .%yf,dald.drhg

hkjd' pkaok ;s,lr;ak" uhsl%f*dakh Tng'

^kej; .%yf,dald.drfha isg&

ksfõol(- ia;=;shs''' Tõ oeka wm iQ¾hhd olskafka ;=ÿiajl

^pkaok ;s,lr;ak& y| jf.a' iuyr mdi,aj, wo ksjdvq §,d' i;H

jf.a u wi;H f;dr;=re;a fï iQ¾h .%yKh

iïnkaOfhka me;sß,d' tA;a wm iu`. fuys

isákjd mdi,a YsIHfhla'

wms l;dlr, n,uq'

Tn fudk mdief,ka o@ fldfydu o" fuys

wdfõ@


YsIHhd (- uu wfYdal úµd,fh''' úoHd ix.ufha i¾ wmsj

tlal wdjd' wïu,d ;d;a;,d oel,d ;snqKq ksid

wms;a wdidfjka ysáfha fïl n,kak' i¾g

ia;=;sjka; fjkak ´k'

ksfõol(- oeka fldfydu o@ Tfí iQodku@

YsIHhd (- wms u yod.;a WmlrKhla ;sfhkjd' fÊ' iS'

wurfialr i¾f.a mq;d iór wurfialr ;uhs

tAl yeÿfõ' wms fiahdmg lSmhla tlg ;nd

iafÜma,¾ lr, ne¨jd'

ksfõol(- wmsg f.or §;a fï WmlrK ke;sj fïl n,kak

mq¿jka fkao" wdpd¾h chr;ak uy;auhd'''@

wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak(- Tõ" f.or§;a mq¿jka' wo fu;ek iqÿ ;srhla u;

iQ¾h m%;sìïnh m%lafIamKh l< úg ,iaikg

fmfkkjd' fik`. jeä ksid wmg ùäfhda

ud¾.fhka fmkajkak fjkjd'

f.or § ldâfndaâ lE,a,la werf.k ueÈka l=vd

isÿrla úo.kak' tA isÿr iQ¾hhd foig w,a,d

iQ¾hhdf.ka tk wdf,dal loïnh o¾mKhlg

f.k ì;a;shlg w,a,d n,kak'

ìu iqÿfroaola t<d .;a;;a tA m%;sìïnh oel.kak

mq¿jka' දැka iQ¾hhd y;frka tlla muK jeys,d

,iaikg fmakjd' oeka Tn n,kjd kï wr l=vd

isÿr ;=<ska tk wdf,dal loïnh o¾mKhg .kak

mq¿jka'

ksfõol(- ;j;a úfYaI hula ;sfhaú o lshkak'

wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak(- lvodisfh l=vd isÿr ;=<ska tk wdf,dal loïnh

o¾mKh ;=<g .ekSu hs l< hq;af;a' mshú weiska

ne,Sfï § yq`. fofkla yq`. fj,djla n,df.k

boa§ weia wkaO úh yelshs' iQ¾h.%yKhla we;;a"

ke;;a iQ¾hhd foi mshú weiska ne,Sfï § weye

msÉfpkjd¦ weia wkaO fjkak mq¿jka' mQ¾K

iQ¾h.%yKhl § w÷re jeà ;sî tljr u iQ¾hhd

foi ne¨fjd;a wefya nnd f,dl= fjkjd' úYd,


wdf,dalhla tljr tAfuka wei w÷re úh yelshs'

iQ¾hhdf.a mdr cïnq, lsrK tkjd' tAflka weia

wkaO fjkjd'

tA ksid f.or § jqK;a tAl wdrlaIs;j l<

hq;= fohla' im;a;= fmÜáhla .kak' l;=rlska

w,afmfk;a;s isÿrlg jvd álla f,dl= isÿrla

yod .kak' msgqmi iõ lvodishla w,jd .kak'

tA úÈyg;a n,kak mq¿jka'

ksfõol (- wr ùÿrejla wrka mykaoe,s .d,d .;a;u jqK;a

mqxÑ u <uhskag n,kak fyd| keoao@

wpd¾h chr;ak (- l=vd <ufhla ta ùÿrej me,a,ï ysák úÈyg

l¿ l<d u tal wys;lrhs' tal fmdÿfõ fyd|hs

lsõj;a orejkag jeäh .e<fmkafk keye'

fya;=j ùÿrej ksjerÈj l¿ lr .kak orefjd

okafk ke;s ksid'

fla' wd¾' wNhisxy(- mdi,a orejka fïjd oek .; hq;=hs' br nyskjd'

i| kÕskjd' wm fjfik mDÓúh ;ud jfÜ

lerflñka iQ¾hhd jgd hkjd' pkaøhd;a

lerflkjd' pkaøhd ;ud jgd .uka lrñka

mDÓúh jgd .uka lrkjd' fï .uka lrk ;,h

tl iudk keye' ;s%udKrEmSj neÆ úg ixlS¾K

.ukla' fï iQ¾h.%yK" pkaø.%yK fjkafk ta

ksid'


ksfõol(- oeka wm wgjl i| jf.a fkao iQ¾hhd olskafka'

wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak (-iQ¾hhd y| jf.a ly mdgg ,iaikg fmfkkjd'

úfYaI lKaKdähla me,|f.k n,kak fjkjd'

fïjd wm yod .; hq;= hs' .=jka úÿ,sfha pkaok

;s,lr;ak uy;auhdg;a ia;=;sjka; úh hq;=hs"

fï úoHdj m%pdrh lsÍu iïnkaOfhka' ck

udOHfõ§ka úÈyg úoHdj m;=rd,Su b;d u

jeo.;a'

ksfõol (- kej;;a wms m%Odk ueÈßhg iïnkaO fjuq'

m%Odk ueÈßfha isg

fufyhqï ksfõol (- Tõ" oeka fld<Ug yßhg u 8'47g fï w¾O

iQ¾h.%yKh o¾Ykh fjkjd'

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd (- wfma idlÉPdjg lka fhdud bkak wh weiaj,g

wdorhla ;sfhkjd kï Tng ÿka ta Wmfoia wkqj

fï wjia:dj oel n,d .kak'

fufyhqï ksfõol (- ta jf.a u fï iQ¾h.%yKhg l,ska Bfh fmfrhsod

b;d u wdYap¾hj;a wyila wmg oel .kak

,enqKd' ud;a" uf.a orejkq;a fmf¾od Wfoa mdkaor

o¾Ykh jQ W,aldmd; j¾Idj දැl .;a;d' wkqr"

we;a;g u iQ¾h.%yKhla w¾O iQ¾h.%yKhla

iu. W,aldmd; j¾Idjla we;s fjkjd o@ fudkj

o fï W,aldmd;'''@


wkqr iS' fmf¾rd(- wNHjldYfha .uka lrk ¥,s wxY= mDÓúh yryd

.uka lsÍfï § mDÓúfha wdl¾IKfhka weo

.kakjd' tys § mDÓúfha we;s jk >¾IKh ksid

ta ¥,s wxY= úúO j¾Kfhka oefjkjd' mDÓúfha

>¾IKhla iu. we;s ù ;sfnk ridhksl øjH

iu. tl;= ù tajd j¾K .ekafjkjd' W,aldmd;

lshkafk tajdg'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- wkqr" we;a;g u fï isÿùï fol Èkhla" folla

we;=<; isÿ jk wdldrh mjd wdYap¾hj;a isoaêhla

fka o@ W,aldmd; jeiaila yd w¾O iQ¾h.%yKla'''

wdpd¾h iqis,a ùrr;ak(- Tõ" we;a;g u fï W,aldmd; j¾Idj b;d u

wisßu;a o¾Ykhla' iuyr W,ald" ;rejla jf.a

biairyg u tkjd' iuyr tajd úúO j¾K

úysÿjñka yria w;g hkjd" we;eï W,aldjka

wfma f.a <Õg u tkjd jf.a fmfkkak .kakjd'

ta;a fï yeu foa u lsf,da ógr ,laI .dKla

bÈßfhka isÿ jk wisßhla" wmg fmakafk fï

wfma f.j,a <Õ u isÿ jk fohla jf.a'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- Tõ" yß u wmQrehs' fï .sh i÷od''' fmf¾od

mdkaor y;rg ud;a ta W,aldmd; oelald' Bfh;a

ta wdl¾IŒh o¾Ykh tfia u isÿ fjkjd lshd

;snqKd' w¾O iQ¾h.%yKhlg l,ska wyfi uy

fm<yrla" wdYap¾hj;a o¾Ykhla fkao@


;j Th ysre rdyq w,a,kjd lshd;a u;hla

;sfnkjd fkao" iQ¾h.%yKh .ek@

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd(- Tõ" ta ;drld úoHdj ÈhqKq ke;s ld,hl" w;S;fha

§ wfma mer‚ rcjre klaI;%lrejkaf.a Ôú; mjd

úkdY lr,d ;snqKd" fïjd .ek l,ska oekqj;a

lf<a keye lsh,d br .s, .kakjd lsh,d ñksiaiq

br fír .kak fjä ;sh,d ;sfhkjd' jeä wE;l

fkdfõ" 70 .Kkaj, bkaÈhdfõ' ta WKav kej;

weú;a ñksiaiq mjd uereKd'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- iQ¾h.%yKhl § fyda w¾O iQ¾h.%yKhl § jv

Èh nd Èh we;s úh yels o@

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd(- Tõ" WodyrKhla f,i le,‚ .Õ wfkla

me;a;g .,kjd' uqyqfoa j;=r wdmiq tkjd' ud¿

fndaÜgq wdmiaig tkjd' ta jf.a fjkak bv

;sfhkjd'

fufyhqï ksfõol(- Tõ" ug u;lhs' tod wr mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKfha §

ldlafld b.s,s,d .shd' yrla lka .y,d ;K W,d

lkak .;a;d' ldlafld lE .y,d l+vqj,g wdjd

yrla WïnE .Ejd¦ ;re Èf,kak .;a;d' yß wmQre

w;oelSula tal'

wkqr iS' fmf¾rd(- Tõ" mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKhla b;d u pu;aldr

ckl hs' ;drld úoHd{hka wo;a fï iQ¾h.%yK

.ek úúO m¾fhaIK lrkjd' fcHda;sI{fhda

;ju;a wkdjels lshkjd' Ôú;fha § ,efnk fï

úr, wjia:dj u. fkd yer th krUd i;=gq úh

yels kï th jdikdjla'


idlÉPd uKavmh .=jka úÿ,sfha m%Odk ueÈßh

fufyhqï ksfõol - md,s; fmf¾rd uy;d

ckms%h úoHd f,aLl yd foaYl - wkqqr iS' fmf¾rd uy;d

wdpd¾h iqis,a ùrr;ak uy;d

ld,.=K úoHd{ - fla' wd¾' wNhisxy uy;d

Ô'tï'Ô' O¾ur;ak uy;d

t<suyka má.; lsÍu - .%yf,dald.dr mßY%h

ksfõol - pkaok ;s,lr;ak uy;d

;drld úoHd{ - wdpd¾h pkaok chr;ak

uy;d

m%pdrh jQ Èkh - 1995'10'24

wjfndaOh

1' fï w¾O iQ¾h.%yKh ,xldjg o¾Ykh jQfha ljod o@

2' iQ¾h.%yKh yd ne÷Kq ck úYajdi folla mdvfuka Wmqgd ,shkak'

3' iQ¾h.%yKhl § ksl=;a jk weig ydkslr lsrK j¾.h l=ula o@

4' mQ¾K iQ¾h.%yKhl § oelsh yels úfYaI isÿùï fudkjd o@

5' iQ¾h.%yKhla keröu i|yd ilia lr .; yels ir, u WmlrKh

l==ula o@

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' ñka tl ud;Dldjla f;dard f.k Tfí woyi fþohlska ,shkak'

² .=jka úÿ,sh rEmjdyskshg jvd fyd| h

² úoHdj iy ñ:Hdj

² iQ¾hhd pkaøhdg jvd n,j;a h

² ijka §u iy fmd;am;a lshùu


m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk tla wjia:djla iïnkaOfhka lúhla fyda l=vd

l;djla ks¾udKh lrkak'

² ysre ud yer .sfhah'

² Wvq .=jkska ìug jeà'

² i| t<sfha ;re .ekafkñ'

² uQÿ m;=< hg lsñ§'

² ysu jeiaig yiq jQfhñ'

ì;a;s mqj;am; ì;a;shl r|jk ,o úfYaI mqjrejl fyda ì;a;sfha w,jk

,o o< lvodishl fyda újD;j m%o¾Ykhg ;nd we;s ks¾udKd;aul

m%ldYkhls' th fndfyda úg w;ska u ,shd w;ska is;=jï wdÈh we|

ie,iqï lr .kakd ksoyia m%ldYk udOHhls' Tfí mdif,a fuka u

Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k iy we;eï ld¾hd, mßY%hkays mjd ì;a;s

mqj;am; w;sYhska ckm%sh ù ;sfnkq olakg we;' iSñ; ld, mrdihla

;=< m%o¾Ykh jk ì;a;s mqj;am; kej; kej;;a w¨;a ùu;a" tys

ks¾udKd;aul ,sms" rpkd" lú hkdÈh m< ùu;a th weiqre lrk mdGl

msßig úfYaI w;aoelSula fõ'

ì;a;s mqj;am;la iy Bg ,shk ,smshl iajrEmh y÷kd .ekSug fuys

my; oelafjk lreKq jeo.;a úh yels h'

² ì;a;s mqj;am;lg ixialdrljrhl= fyda ixialdrl uKav,hla fyda

isáh hq;= h'

² w¨;a jk jdrhla mdid tys ixialdrl igyka o w¨;a jkq oelsh

yels h'

² flá ,sms" rpkd iy lú fuka u fjk;a jeo.;a WoaOD; fuka u

ks¾udKd;aul woyia fyda is;=ú,s o ì;a;s mqj;amf;a m< fõ'

² w¾: iïmkak rij;a wka;¾.;hla we;s ixlaIsma; ,sms rpkd fï

i|yd fhda.H fõ'

ì;a;s mqj;am;a ,sms


² ld,Sk jeo.;alula we;s ,sms" rpkd o ì;a;s mqj;am;lg iqÿiq h'

² ì;a;s mqj;am;a ,smshl lsishï u;hla" woyila" m‚jqvhla fyda

ks¾udKd;aul njla m< úh yels h'

,sÅ; wNHdi

1' my; oelafjk ud;Dld w;ßka tlla f;dard Tfí mka;sfha we;s

ì;a;s mqj;amf;a m%o¾Ykh lsÍug iqÿiq ,smshla ilia lrkak'

¸' W.; ukd Ys,amhuhs u;= /flkd

¸¸' ud lshejQ fyd| u fmd;

¸¸¸' “wfma u wfma u wfma f,djla''''” ^f,dal <ud Èkhg m‚jqvhla&

¸¹' “f,da jgd .sh Èkla” ^wka;¾cd,fhka f,da jgd .sh ixpdrhl

igykla f,i&

¹' mdief,a ud m%sh;u ia:dkh

¹¸' “iu.sh n,h fõ”¹¸¸' ksYAYío;dfõ w.h

¹¸¸¸' m%sh jpk l;d lruq'

º¸' wms fyd¢ka ijka fouq ^ijka §u jeo.;a jkqfha wehs@&

º' fyd| ñ;=rka y÷kd .ksuq'

2' mka;sh lKavdhï jYfhka fn§ mka;sfha ì;a;s mqj;am; ks¾udKh

lrkak'

¸' ixialdrljrhl= m;a lr .kak'

¸¸' ixialdrl igykla ,shkak'

¸¸¸' ,sms folla ilia lrkak'

¸¹' Tn lshjd we;s fmd;lska fyda mqj;am;lska .e<fmk WoaOD;hla

fláfhka Wmqgd olajkak'

¹' Tn yd ñ;=rka ,shQ lú yd fjk;a ks¾udK o w,jd is;=jñka yevlr

.kak'

¹¸' ì;a;s mqj;amf;a w;a wl=re" Ñ;% iy ie,iqïlrKh .ek ie,ls,su;a

jkak'


iÕrdj Èkm;d fyda i;sm;d

mqj;am;lg jvd fjkia uqøs;

m%ldYkhls' mqj;am;lg ,smshla

,sùug jvd ksoyia f,i iÕrdjlg

,smshla ,sùug yels h' wdlD;sh yd

wka;¾.;h blaujd hk ksoyila

iÕrdjl ;sfí'

iÕrdjla iy iÕrd ,smshl

iajNdjh y÷kd .ekSug jeo.;a

jk lreKq lSmhla fuys my;

oelafõ'

¸' iÕrdj jdr m%ldYkhla

jk w;r mqj;am;lg fuka

u iÕrdjlg o ixialdrl

uKav,hla fyda iaÓr f,aLl

msßila isá;s'

¸¸' iÕrdjl fmdÿ wruqKla fyda

úfYaI wruqKla fyda ;sìh

yels h'

¸¸¸' mdGlhd wdl¾IŒh f,i r|jd

;nd .; yels ld,Sk jákd

lula we;s rij;a f;dr;=re

/.;a ks¾udKd;aul fuka u

úYaf,aIKd;aul ,sms rpkd

iÕrdjl m< úh yels h'

¸¹'iÕrd ,smshlska o u;hla"

woyila" m‚jqvhla" fmdÿ

w;aoelSula fyda ld,Sk .eg¨jla

bÈßm;a l< yels h'

¹' iÕrd ,sms f,aLkfha §

rplhdf.a NdId ffY,sh

w;sYhska jeo.;a fõ' ksjerÈ yd

ksrjq,a NdId Ndú;h wjYH fõ'

nia jyr ir, úh hq;= h'

¹¸' iÕrdj uqøs; m%ldYkhla

f,i È.=l,la mj;akd ksid

.fõIKd;aul f;dr;=re /.;a

úúO ,sms tys m< l< yels h'

¹¸¸' iÕrdjl o ,smsj,g wu;rj

iïuqL idlÉPd" úúO woyia"

WoaOD; fuka u fjk;a ks¾udK

o m< l< yels fõ'

iÕrd ,sms


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' Tfí mdif,a mqia;ld,fha we;s iÕrd lshjd bka tlla ms<sn|j

my; oelafjk f;dr;=re ,shd olajkak'

¸' iÕrdfõ ku

¸¸' udisl$ff;%udisl$ihudisl$jd¾Isl o hk j.

¸¸¸' ixialdrlf.a ku

¸¹' m%Odk ,sms lSmhl YS¾I mdG

¹' fjk;a f,aLk iy ks¾udKj, YS¾I mdG

WodyrK(- flál;d$lú$iïuqL idlÉPd$PdhdrEm$ldgQka jeks

2' Tfí mdif,a jd¾Isl iÕrdj i|yd fuys my; oelafjk ud;Dld

w;ßka tlla hgf;a ,smshla ilia lrkak'

¸' uq,ska u mdi,g wd oji

¸¸' “.=re-fo.=re bgq ñ;=re” ^foujqmshka iy .=rejre wfma fyd| u

ñ;=frda h&'

¸¸¸' udf.a m%sh;u f,aLlhd

¸¹' ;=re ,;d /l.ksuq

¹' mdif,ka wmg - wfmka mdi,g ^mdif,ka Tn ,nk u.

fmkaùu iy Tfnka mdi,g úh hq;= hq;=lï&

¹¸' lD; .=K ie,lSu W;=ï h'


ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaO rpkhg Wmfoia ,nd fok fmd; m;

isxy,fha ÿ¾,N h' ta i|yd jeo.;a uQ,dY%hla f,i ie,flk

m%nkafOdamfoaYh uqksodi l=udr;=x.f.a lD;shls' tu .%ka:fhka

Wmqgd .;a l;djla fï mdvfï oelafõ' th ,xldfõ b;sydih yd

ne÷Kq mqj;ls'

fuhg wjqreÿ tlaoyia iish miamkilg fm/ ,la Èje rc

meñ‚ uydfiakfhda uydúydrfhys NslaIQkaf.a u;hg úreoaO jQ

flfkls' Tjqkaf.a .=re jQfjda ix>ñ;% kïy' Tjqka uydfiakhkaf.a

msh rc iufhys cïnqoaùmfhka ,xldjg meñ‚fha ‘uydúydr NslaIQka

ffj;=,H u; .kajñ" ke; fyd;a" Tjqkaf.a úydrhka uq,skqÿrejd-mshñ’ hk m%;s{dj fldge-f.ke he'

uydfiakfhda ish .=rekg b;d Nla;su;a jQy' tfyhska Tjqkaf.a

iuhfhys § .=reyq iajlSh m%;s{dj iuDoaO le/,Sug wjldY ,oafoda he'

rcqkaf.a wkque;sh we;s je" ix>ñ;%fhda ‘uydúydr jdiS Y%uKhlayg

wyrla ÿkakl=g ishla ov he’ hs wKla ,ejQy' uydúydr NslaIQyq wdydr

fkd ,ene" u,hhg o reyqKg o .sfhda he' ix>ñ;%fhda uydúydrh

úkdY lrjd fjfyr ìu idjd W÷ jems/jQy'

uydfiakhkaf.a ñ;% jQ fï>j¾K kï wud;H flfkla jQfjda he'

ix>ñ;%hkaf.a Ydik kdik l%shd fudjqkaf.a ñ;% O¾uh ,sys,a flf<a he'

yjqreÿ kjhlg miq ix>ñ;%hka" uydúydrh" f,dajduymdh wdÈh we;=¿

úydr ;=kaish iQiegla ì|e fy¿E miq" rg jeishka ;Èka lsmqKq miq"

fï>j¾Kfhda u,hhg f.dia" tys fik`. /ia fldge f.ke" reyqKg

.sfhda he' tys ñksiaiq fï>j¾Khkaf.a fiakdj b;d uy;a l<y'

fufia i¾jdx. iïmQ¾K jQ uyd fiakdj msßjrd fï>j¾Kfhda

wkqrdOmqrh n,d kud .;ay' fï m%jD;a;sh weiQ uydfiakfhda o" ‘hy¿jd

Tyqf.a ;efkys § ue" iqÿiq mßÈ olsue’ hs ;ukaf.a fiakdj ikakoaO

i;=re - ñ;=rej21


fldge-f.ke" ol=K n,d .uka .;af;da he' Tyq jyjyd hkakdyq" lsysm

Èfklska ue i;=re fik`.g kqÿre jQy' rc fik`. meñ‚ nj wid"

fï>j¾Kfhda uy.ug kqÿre ¥r;siai kï jej iómfhys l|jqqre ,d

.;ay' uydfiakhkaf.a l|jqr thg kqÿre jQ iqrlaIs; ia:dkfhle ù he'

hy¿jka Tjqfkdjqkaf.a f,fyfhka lvq m;a iqr;a lrk Èk fig he'

wo fol|jqfrys ue Ngfhda lji ne÷ï ,;s" lvq uqjy;a flfr;s" ÿkq

o~q" ÿkq Èh" yS úui;s' kdhlfhda uq¿ fik`. msßlaid" fkd;r ;eka

;r flfr;s' tla l|jqfrle prfhda wfkla l|jqrg fjia j<d jeoe" tys

Yla;sh oek f.ke" ÿ¾j, ia:dkhka oeke f.ke" iajlSh mlaIh okaj;s'

fiakdêm;Syq" ‘fuf;la fok miq lv f.kehkafkda he" fuf;la fok

wdmodÈfhys § tkakg bkafkda he’ hk wdoska fiakd ixúOdkh flfr;s'

we¢ß .efi;a ue fol|jqfrys ue rlj,a b;d ;r he' ikaê rlaIlhd

fkdy~jd" Tyqf.a f;daurh t,a,jkq fkdoele" l|jqrg jofka iq<`.

mufKls' we;eï Ngfhda ksiel je kso;a' we;eïyq ikakdy ikakoaO je"

wÈis myrlg uqyqK mdkakg ie/iS isá;s' jßka j/ kdhlfhla l|jqr

jgd f.dia ikaê n,d" rlj,a n,d ths'

ysre nei fydard folla .; úhe' rc l|jqfrys rlaIlfhla i;=re

l|jqßka tkakl= Èg' rlaIlhd f;daurh ;r fldge w,a,d .;af;a he"

f;d,a ;o le/-.;af;a he' tkakyq weis msh fkd fy<d n,d isáfha he'

tkafka fkd kej;e ue ths' oeka l|jqfrys mkaoï t<sh Tyqg jefghs' fya

fYdaNudk mqreIfhls" iqúkS; f,i" iqÿ j;ska ieriqfKls' iqÿ j;ska

jeiQ ;gqjla oE;ska .;af;ls'

Tyq yd rlaIlhd yd w;r oeka ;=ka nUfhla muK he' rlaIlhdf.a

f;daurh t,a, úhe' Tyqf.a uqj újr úhe' bka yf~la ke`.sK'

“fyda" kj;skq' ljfrla o@”“uu" fï>j¾K' rdc iajdóka olakg fhñ' ud olajj'”rlaIlhd Èla l< f;daurh weoe" wuq;a;d je|e" “fufia jäkq uekeje”hs

lshñka fmrgq úhe' laIKfhlska uydfiak" fï>j¾K hk fofok

h<s ÿ uqK .eiqfKda he' fï>j¾Kfhda rcqka je|" ;gqj mfile ;nd"

jeiau bj;a lf<da he'

“fï lsfula o" fï>j¾Kfhks@” “foajhka jykai" ug u,h ráka ,enqfKls' fï m%Œ; udxifhls' fï


uOqr mdkfhls' fm/ funkaola ,;a l,e ug isys jk fiala Tn jyka-

fia he' wo o fjkfila fkdù he' t fyhska f.ke wdñ' lej uekeje"

mqj uekeje'”“f;ms o ys|e .kqj" fï>j¾Kfhks˜ hs lshñka uydfiakfhda ys| .;ay'

fï>j¾Kfhda o ys| .;ay' ;gqj u¢ka u| ysia úhe' “b;d ñysß hs"

fï>j¾Kfhks" b;d ñysß hs” hkq w;r;=/ lsysm úgla ue rcqkaf.a

uqúka kslañK'

ld î fl<jr jQ miq" hy¿fjda fofok tla je ys|e f.ke" l:djg

jegqfKda he'

“udf.a mru ñ;% jQ f;ms ug ljr fyhska odußl jQ yQ o@”“Tn jykafiayg uu odußl fkd ùñ' Tn jykafiaf.a Ydik kdik

l%shdjg uu odußlfhñ' uyd úydrh keiSfuka fYdalhg m;a je fufia

lf<ñ'”“fï>j¾Kfhks" ud uq<d je l< jrfols' uu uydúydrh

keje;e lrjkafkñ' f;ms udf.a jro laIud lrjq o@”“taldka;fhka ue" foajhka jykai" laIud flfrñ' uydúydrh

le/ùug iydh o fjñ' udf.a jro o laIud l< uekeú'” foñ;=frda

ñ;=frda ue jQy'

hqoaOh tmufKls' fï m%jD;a;sh úÿ,sh fuka fol|jqfrys me;s/

.sfha he' miq Èke Wofhys tys olakg ,enqfKa l|jqre W.=¿jd hkakg

ie/fikq mufKls' i;H jQ ñ;% O¾uhla ne¨j uekú' oyia .Kka

ckhdf.a urKh je<elsK' uydúydrh muKla fkdje" kiන ,o ish¨

úydr ue fmr<d le/úK' uyd ckhdf.a fldamh ksúK' rg iqjm;a úK'



wjfndaOh

1' mdvu lshjd wid we;s m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhkak'

¸' uyfika rc;=udf.a .=re;=ud ,xldjg meñ‚fha l=uk ld,fha § o@

¸¸' mdvug wkqj ix>ñ;% ,xldjg meñ‚fha fln÷ woyila we;sj o@

¸¸' uydúydr NslaIQkag wdydr fkd ,enqfKa wehs@

¸¹' uyfika rcqf.a ñ;%hd ljqo@

¹' uyfika rcq yd ñ;=rd w;r wukdmhla we;s jQfha wehs@

¹¸' fï>j¾Khkaf.a ls%hdj ms<sn| Tfí woyia olajkak'

WNhdxYh - fowxYh

lji - hqo we÷u

prfhda - f;dr;=re fidhñka ryfia yeisfrk mqoa.,fhda

cïnqoaùmfhka - oUÈúka

f;daurh - hqoaOfha § i;=rkag wekSu i|yd Ndú;

flfrk wdhqOhls

mqj uekj - fndkq uekú

mqr - k.r

m%Œ; - b;d rij;a

m%;s{dj - fmdfrdkaÿj

uq<dj - fudavlu

Y%uKhla - NslaIqjla

ikakoaO fldg - hqoaOhg iQodkï lr

iqr;a - b;d r;=

i¾jdx. - ish¨ wx.


,sÅ; wNHdi

1' ysia ;ekg iqÿiq jpkh f;dard ysia;eka mqrjkak'

¸' uyfika rc;=ud uydúydr NslaIQkaf.a u;hg '''''''''''''''''''''' wfhls'

w& weyqïlka ÿka ^wd& úreoaO jQ ^we& mlaImd;S

¸¸' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' rfgys ñksiaiq fï>j¾Khkaf.a fiakdj Yla;su;a

l<y'

^w& ishï ^wd& u,h ^we& reyqKq

¸¸¸' w÷r jefg;a u l|jqre foflys u rlj,a b;d ''''''''''''''''''''' úh'

^w& ;r ^wd& u| ^we& ìh

¸¹' ysre nei .sh miq uyfika rcqf.a l|jqrg meñ‚ mqreIhd

jQfha '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

^w& ix>ñ;% h ^wd& ¥r;siai h ^we& fï>j¾K h

¹' uyfika yd fï>j¾K hk hy¿jka fofokd h<s ñ;% ùu ksid

rg ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' úh'

^w& fNao ^wd& iqjm;a ^we& tlafiai;a

2' my; i|yka jdlHj, ;o l¿ wl=ßka uqøs; moj, woyi Tfí

jpkfhka ,shkak'

¸' ix>ñ;%hkaf.a Ydik kdik l%shd fudjqkaf.a ñ;% O¾uh ,sys,a

lf<a h'

¸¸' we¢ß .efi;a ue fol|jqfrys ue rlj,a b;d ;r he'

¸¸¸' f;daurh ;r fldg w,a,d .;af;a h'

¸¹' —udf.a mru ñ;% jQ f;ms ug ljr fyhska odußl jQ o@˜

3' fï mdvfï we;=<;a uydm%dK wlaIr iys; jpk wNHdi fmdf;a

,shkak'


4' my; i|yka kdumoj, wkqla; mo ,shkak'

5' my; i|yka jdlHj, bß we¢ mo l=uk mqreIhg wh;a oehs

,shkak'

' uyd úydr NslaIQyq wdydr fkd,en" u,hhg o reyqKg o .sfhda he'

¸¸' “uu" fï>j¾K '''”¸¸¸' “f;ms o ys|e.kqj" fï>j¾Kfhks'”¸¹' “Tnjykafiayg uu odußl fkdùñ'''” ¹' foñ;=frda ñ;=frda ue jQy'

m%dfhda.sl wNHdi

1' fï mdvu Yío kÕd lshjkak'

2' fofokd ne.ska tla ù uyfika rcq yd fï>j¾K weu;s w;r we;s

jQ ixjdoh kdgHdkqrEmSj lshjkak'

3' uyd úydrh yd úkdY flreKq wfkl=;a fjfyr úydr kej; bÈ

l< miq uyfika rcq i;=gg m;aj isák wjia:djl" fï>j¾K weu;s

uqK.eiqKq úg Tjqka fofokd w;r we;s úh yels fonila ks¾udKh

lrkak'

¸' uydfiakfhda -

¸¸' NslaIQyq -

¸¸¸' Tjqyq -

¸¹' .=reyq -

¹' ix>ñ;%fhda -

¹¸' ñksiaiq -

¹¸¸' rc -

¹¸¸¸' hy¿fjda -

¸º' hkafkda -

º' we;eïyq -

isxy, ndidj yd idys;hh - edupub.gov.lk lan g-6/sinhala lan g-6.pdfm

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