부산지역 조선기자재산업...
TRANSCRIPT
-
09-RTRM-2
-
()
STX()
()
()
()
()
( )
( )
( )
-
, ,
()
()
()
STX()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
FRP
-
i
. 11. 12. 3
. 3
. 4
3. 6. 6
. 6
4. 7. 7
. 7
. 91. 9
. 9
. 13
2. 17. 17
. 20
3. 25. 25
. 33
. 351. 35
. 35
. 36
1) 36
2) 36
-
ii
. 36
1) 36
2) 39
. 40
1) 40
2) 42
2. 43. 43
. 44
3. 45. 45
1) 45
2) 45
. 47
1) 47
. 63
1) 63
2) 67
3) 75
. 78
1) 78
. 84
1) 84
2) 96
. 991. 99
. 99
. 100
1) 100
2) 100
. 106
1) 106
2) 107
. 114
1) 114
-
iii
2) R&D 114
3) Risk 115
4) 116
2. 117. 117
. 118
3. 119. 119
1) 119
2) 120
4. 122. 122
1) Gas 122
. 128
1) 128
. 133
1) 133
. 1421. 142
. 142
. 142
1) 142
2) 142
. 143
1) 143
2) 146
. 150
1) 150
2) R&D 154
3) Risk 156
4) 157
2. 157. 157
. 158
-
iv
3. 159. 159
1) 159
2) 160
4. 161. 161
1) 161
2) 163
3) 164
4) 170
5) 179
. 180
1) 180
2) 182
3) 182
4) 184
5) 192
. IT 193
1) 193
2) 194
3) 194
4) 195
5) 199
. 200
1) 200
2) 201
3) 201
4) 203
5) 208
. 2091. 209
. 209
. 210
1) 210
2) 216
. 219
-
v
1) 220
2) 228
3) 236
. 240
1) 240
2) 242
2. 246. 246
1) 246
2) 248
. 252
1) 252
2) 252
3. 253. / 253
1) 253
2) 255
3) 255
4) / 260
. 260
1) 260
2) 261
3) 262
4) 267
. 267
1) 267
2) 268
3) 268
4) 271
272
-
vi
2
3
5
5
11
11
12
CSSC CSIC 15
16
18
18
( 100 ) 19
23
(KSIC351) 26
27
28
29
29
34
37
37
41
42
R&D 43
44
53
64
78
Brief History of 'IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI' 85
86
NOx 89
SOx 90
-
vii
90
93
100
Gas 101
Gas () 102
Winterization 103
Drilling System 104
DNV Ice Classes 110
117
118
119
120
GAS 126
129
131
131
134
136
138
5 139
144
145
146
147
(2007) 148
149
151
151
(2006) 153
154
158
163
182
IT 194
201
-
viii
210
216
218
219
(2007) 221
(2007) 222
(2007) 224
227
227
228
, 230
230
231
232
232
232
233
233
234
240
240
241
, 241
242
242
243
243
244
245
246
246
247
252
252
253
261
-
ix
8
12
20
ME Hydraulic Power Supply 56
ME 57
57
ME Hydraulic & Fuel Injection System 58
ME 58
4 Common-rail 59
Pod 66
CODOG Reduction Gear for Twin Screw Propulsion 67
DF 68
PWM 68
ABB PWM 69
(ABB ) 69
Crash astern 70
70
Redundancy 71
74
Atlas 79
Auqua-Chem 80
87
(MAN Diesel, WARTSILA ) 92
(MAN Diesel, WARTSILA ) 93
(hug engineerings DPF system) 94
(Martek) 95
95
103
FPFO 105
LNG 108
3 137
3 / 137
-
x
162
RADAR 165
(AIS) 166
One-man Bridge 171
INS 172
175
Vision System 177
177
181
186
190
IT 193
/ 196
System 197
SAN 197
200
206
/ 220
229
236
239
(Themescape) 249
250
251
251
254
/ 255
Life cycle management 256
/ / 263
263
/ 264
265
267
/ 269
-
.
1
.
1.
, , ,
, , , ,
,
36%(60%)
400700
,
, ,
400
, , , ,
-
2
, , , ,
, , , ,
Rudder Stock, Rudder Pintle, Stern Tube ,
, , , ,
, , , STX,
, , , , ,
, , S&W
, Rudder, Auto Pilot ,
Radar, , Gyro Compass,
GPS, Navigator, ECDIS
Anchor, Windlass, Capstan, Fair Leader
Crane, Winch, Derrick, Hoist ,
, , Insert Gas System , NK
, , , , , BIP
Valve, Flange, Elbow, PipeGTS, , ,
, ,
, , Wire Reel
Motor, Battery, , ,
, ,
, Search Light ,
, , ,
Control Console
,
: , , 2007
-
.
3
, Rudder Stock ,
,
, , ,
,
,
2.
. , ,
, ,
,
-
4
.
(, , , )
, ,
.
UN (IMO) (SOLAS),
(MARPOL)
- IMO : International Maritime Organization(1958)
- SOLAS : International convention for the safety of life at sea(1974)
- MARPOL : International convention for the prevention of pollution rom
ships(1973)
.
88%
( ),
Auto
Pilot, Radar, Engine Monitoring system
,
-
.
5
, (
70%) ,
( : %)
MainEngine
VLCC 32.6 6.7 11.5 2.7 0.6 0.5 3.4 4.3 62.3 90%
B/C 42.6 6.3 9.7 1.6 0.7 0.5 2.5 4.9 68.7 90%
Containership
19.9 9.8 16.1 1.3 0.7 1.6 2.5 7.0 58.9 90%
LNGC 10.2 5.1 20.1 3.8 0.4 1.0 1.6 10.0 52.2 80%
FPSO 4.4 0.5 33.7 11.2 0.5 2.0 1.7 2.9 57.1 20%
Semi-Rig 4.2 3.8 15.5 3.2 0.9 3.8 2.4 2.0 35.7 20%
Drillship 3.9 2.0 25.0 2.8 0.7 2.6 1.3 5.4 43.8 20%
. 1
(35)
(, , )
() , ()
(, , )
( )
-
6
3.
.
. ,
, ,
, , , , ,
,
, , ,
Macro Micro
,
-
.
7
4.
.
,
-
-
-
-
. ((),
)
Pool
,
(KISTI)
,
-
8
-
.
9
.
1.
.
,
60~65%
,
A/S
,
,
2005 50% ,
540 ,
50.6%, 76.2% ,
-
10
300 89%
, 50 302 54%
153
, 630
5 7
,
, , 130
,
, ,
,
80 2
.
1995 197 2004 153 ,
80% , 100% 55.6%(85)
. 2004 ,
. 22.9% ,
, ,
-
.
11
( : , %)
1986 1995 2000 2003 2004
621186631619238
84222171124531289
63623161015429266
63120IS1014324188
4(2.6)35(22.9)25(16.3)11(7.2)9(5.9)
16(10.5)3(2.0)
19(12.4)23(15.0)8(5.2)
-2.22.91.83.42.3
-3.6-3.8
---
144 197 171 149 153(100) 0.3 : , , 2007
, ,
( : ,,%)
100.0 61.7 2.9 14.25 2.2 1.8 8.2 9.0
61.7% 14.2%, 2.9%
78.8%
50%
-
12
82,000
54 , , ,
, 5,000
, , ,
( : . %)
(2006)1987 2007
69(47.9)
16(11.1)
26(18.1)
3(2.1)
2(1.4)
28(19.4)
76(49.7)
41(26.8)
7(4.6)
3(2.0)
2(1.3)
24(15.7)
316(49.6)
171(26.8)
29(4.6)
13(2.0)
10(1.6)
99(15.5)
144(100) 153(100) 637(100)
: , , 2007
-
.
13
.
. ,
,
(, -IT)
.
,
, Turnkey
. ,
, , Digital IMO(
) , Ballast Water
Treatment System, (AIS), RADAR ARPA , ECDIS
.
.
1990
-
14
1950
, , .
20% . , ,
14%, 13%
(CSSC) (CSIC)
15, 38
CSSC , , ,
, CSSC
. CSIC
2 ,
, , , , ,
1998
2005 13.5% .
2004
3 .
LNG
-
.
15
CSSC CSIC
(CSSC) (CSIC)
, , , , , , , ,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 28
: , , 2006
1994 27 2004 142
17.9%
.
. 1994 9 2004
27 11.5%
1994 6,100 2004 1.78
12.6%
1998
2003
-
16
( : , %)
1994 1998 2000 2001 2002 2004 (1994-2004) 27.3 42.5 48.1 54.3 58.72 141.6 17.9
9.1 12.5 13.0 14.0 16.4 27.0 11.5
0.61 0.04 0.46 1.24 .1.99 1.78 12.6
1
()n.a 24,496 28,407 34,796 43,724 37,754 7.4
36.4 40.9 39.6 35.9 35.8 33.2 -1.0
: 500
: , , 2006
, , ,
. 2006 6
1,248 2000 ,
2006 16 1,700
2006 3,201 2000 738
55.6% , 2006 5
2,783 2000 82.3%
,
, ,
.
.
,
19.1,
4.8
-
.
17
2.
.
90%
Man B&W, Rolls Roice, Wartsila
, , STX, STX ,
,
,
, , Pipe Winch , Guide
Rail, Deck Outfitting
,
75.2,
18
, , ,
, ,
-
18
68.1 82.1() 82.5() 94.8() 31.1()
86.3 88.5() 94.5() 90.8() 58.6()
67.8 87.2() 91.2() 93.1() 48.2()
85.5 91.5() 94.6() 91.9() 64.9()
S/W 85.7 90.5() 91.5() 92.0() 61.6()
79.4 90.2() 92.0() 98.6() 58.9()
73.3 98.1() 86.0() 92.7() 57.2()
58.9 95.9() 87.1() 92.0() 57.5()
71.9 90.2() 86.5() 96.4() 50.5()
75.2 90.5 89.5 93.6 54.3
: ( (), (), ()) : , , 2006
2006 ,
75% ,
, ( 60%, 55%)
,
73.4 87.2 96.4 88.8 50.5
75.3 91.5 96.4 94.1 61.2
80.9 93.9 92.5 89.6 65.1
: , , 2006
-
.
19
2006
81.5%, 86.9% 2001 10~15%p
. 2001 85% 2006 87.6% ,
2010 95.1%
( 100 )
(2006) (2006) (5) (2006) (5)
98.8 81.6 91.5 62.6 81.7
99.6 81.5 90.8 62.2 80.1
100.6 83.8 92.7 65.5 82
99.8 86.9 94.3 68.5 85.5
98.7 80 89.4 64.3 80.8
100.2 88.9 95 70 86.1
99.9 83.2 91.5 64.5 80.2
99.7 83.7 92.2 65.4 82.3
94.9 82.7 90.9 60.7 76
95 86 92.5 72 83
95.1 85.3 92 69 80.8
94.7 87.3 93.1 72 82.9
94.9 85.3 92.1 68.4 80.7
101.1 87.5 95.1 64.7 80.6
100.6 87.7 95.1 64.7 80.2
102.3 87.6 95.1 64.5 80.2
101.3 87.6 95.1 64.6 80.3
100.6 88.3 95.3 65.1 80.4
99.1 81.5 90.9 58.6 75.2
98 82 91.2 63.5 79.2
94.9 81.9 88.7 75.8 87.5
98.2 83.4 91.5 65.8 80.6
98.5 85 92.7 66.1 81
: , , 2007
-
20
. : , ,
90
. 70
90 ,
: Clarkson((2008), (e-KIET 425))
1960 70 2,000TEU () 80
4,000TEU (), 90 5,000TEU (), 2000
8,700TEU (), 2005 9,500TEU
. 10,000 ~ 15,000 TEU
, ,
-
.
21
2000 LNG
. LNG 70 80K 80
135K, 2000 150K , 2005
200K . ,
: , , ,
.
, CNG , NGH , GTL
,
,
40%, 30%
. ,
.
,
,
,
, ,
, IT ,
- : , ,
- : ,
-
22
- : , VLCC, ULCC, LNG
- :
: , , ,
,
, ,
,
,
,
, /
. , , , , ,
CIM,
CAD , Virtual Shipbuilding
, ,
, .
LNG
LNG-FPSO, LNG-FSRU
2007 2-7
- (CGT) : (94) > (49) > (13.5)
- , LNG
-
.
23
100 85 100
100 65 95
100 80 100
100 70 100
100 60 100
100 65 100
: (2006). /.
M&A. 2000
2003
.
, 2005
.
.
B&W, 750HP
-
24
A/S
40% . 30%
.
6%
, ,
,
,
, ,
90% (2007 )
- 1/6(2008)
- 2008 4 LNG(4 )
( )
-
.
25
3.
.
,
,
, 90%
, , ,
60~70%
73.7%( 49.7%)
,
(KSIC351, ) , 2006
13.24%,
5.14%, 5.32%, 4.19%
2004
-
26
(KSIC351) ( : %)
2002 13.22 5.52 5.18 4.80
2004 13.37 5.89 4.52 3.58
2006 13.24 5.14 5.32 4.19
2002 1.23 2.71 4.78 4.24
2004 1.17 3.19 4.52 3.28
2006 1.53 3.47 6.64 4.76
: , ,
, 2006
5 (SIC351) 135 , 5,469
, 1 9,677 , 5,099 . 2004
69.6%,
57.4%
2006
(SIC3511) 100%(135 ) ,
(SIC35111) 7.4%(10 ), (SIC35112) 2.2%(3 ),
(SIC35114) 68.1%(92 ),
(SIC35119) 22.2%(30 )
-
.
27
( : , , , %)
351
2002 119 100.0 4,814 100.0 1,078,359 100.0 392,805 100.0
2004 108 100.0 5,308 100.0 1,159,846 100.0 323,924 100.0
2006 135 100.0 5,469 100.0 1,967,730 100.0 509,975 100.0
3511
2002 119 100.0 4,814 100.0 1,078,359 100.0 392,805 100.0
2004 107 99.1 5,308 100.0 1,159,846 100.0 323,924 100.0
2006 135 100.0 5,469 100.0 1,967,730 100.0 509,975 100.0
35111
2002 7 5.9 1,950 40.5 723,313 67.1 242,208 61.7
2004 10 9.3 2,447 46.1 736,537 63.5 154,982 47.8
2006 10 7.4 1,853 33.9 1,259,695 64.0 255,457 50.1
35112
2002 4 3.4 362 7.5 53,873 5.0 20,835 5.3
2004 3 2.8 321 6.0 37,996 3.3 20,979 6.5
2006 3 2.2 276 5.0 40,940 2.1 17,075 3.3
35113
2002 81 68.1 1,981 41.2 255,020 23.6 104,820 26.7
2004 - 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0
2006 - 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0
35114
2002 27 22.7 521 10.8 46,153 4.3 24,942 6.3
2004 68 63.0 1,966 37.0 332,969 28.7 119,219 36.8
2006 92 68.1 2,713 49.6 604,957 30.7 202,887 39.8
35119
2002 - 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0
2004 26 24.1 574 10.8 52,344 4.5 28,744 8.9
2006 30 22.2 627 11.5 62,138 3.2 34,556 6.8
: , ,
2006 49.6.0%
, 2004 38% ,
33.9% 2004 .
2006 1 2,596
64.0% . 2006 6,049
, 2004
81.7%
-
28
, 2006
35111( ) 1,259 ,
65 7 , 136 4
2006 225
22 5 , 56 9
1 2004 2 2 2006
3 6 . 2006 6 8
2 2
1 2004 6,100 2006 9,300
1 . 2006
1 3,800, 7,500
( : )
351 3511 35111 35112 35113 35114 35119
2002 9,062 9,062 103,330 13,468 3,148 1,709 -
2004 10,739 10,840 73,654 12,665 - 4,897 2,013
2006 14,576 14,576 125,970 13,647 - 6,576 2,071
2002 3,301 3,301 34,601 5,209 1,294 924 -
2004 2,999 3,027 15,498 6,993 - 1,753 1,106
2006 3,778 3,778 25,546 5,692 - 2,205 1,152
1
2002 224 224 371 149 129 89 -
2004 219 219 301 118 - 169 91
2006 360 360 680 148 - 223 99
2002 82 82 124 58 53 48 -
2004 61 61 63 65 - 61 50
2006 93 93 138 62 - 75 55
: , ,
-
.
29
2003 1 (
), 20 , 400 25,900
, 4,428 2002 15%
2% ,
5.5%
571 1 20 405 145 4 5
: , 2004
() 137 540 74,085 55,930 127,559 20,347
()
21
(16)
237
(44)
4,504
(6)
21,446
(38)
11,317
(9)
6,500
(32)
: , 2004
1.2%
7.8%
, 100 2004
-
30
157.9 ,
.
53.1 51.8
6,500 57.4%
,
.
. , ,
,
(KOMERI) . 80%
R&D ,
(
3,000, 700) (1,000, 600) .
, , ,
(,
, , , , ,
), (10m Anechoic Chamber, 3m Anechoic Chamber,
-
.
31
Compact Chamber, Shield Room, Safety Room), (EMI, EMS
, , Safety ,
, IP) .
, , , ,
IT(http://www.cidi.re.kr) 2008
` IT`
` IT `
2008 6 2008 11 . 2008 2012
5 50 IT
, ,
, S&T , IT 50
25, 29 114
, ,
(www.rims.re.kr) ,
,
2,000, () 1,900 . , ,
, 1,100, ,
800, 50 .
,
,
,
,
(www.aserc.pusan.ac.kr)
, 258
-
32
. /
, ,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
, / , ,
, CFD ,
, IT
(www.bmea.or.kr)
,
. 5,000
, 3,800, 7,400, (20)
, ,
. ,
, ,
, ( ) ,
,
, , ,
.
,
, ,
,
A/S
A/S Network 60%
-
.
33
.
Marketing , A/S
, , ,
.
, ,
,
, ,
.
,
1
0.51
,
0.97
-
34
1999 11.3%, 7.8%,
6.1%
-
-
- 2004 21,446
1990 1.9% 10
1995 9.6% 2 2000
2003 16.9%
( : , %)
1995 2003 2006 2007
1 899 13.9
819 16.9 1,791 26.4 2,420 23.8
2
619 9.6 519 10.7
1,176 17.4 1,854 18.2
3 5 8.4 409 8.4 389 5.8 519 5.1
4 476 7.4 270 5.6
/349 5.2
/438 4.3
5 425 6.6 298 6.2 342 5.1 376 3.7
6 421 6.5 240 4.9 328 4.8 317 3.1
7
413 6.4 185 3.8 299 4.4 306 3.0
8 3 6.0 179 3.6 282 4.2 293 2.9
9 326 5.0
179 3.6 255 3.8
282 2.8
10
296 4.6
172 3.5
198 2.9 263 2.6
6,463 100.0 4,844 100.0 6,763 100.0 10,159 100.0
: (), DB()
-
.
35
.
1.
. (Ship) (Propulsion Power)
() (Main Engine),
(Electric Power) (Auxiliary Engine)
(Auxiliary Machinery) (Machinery Space, Engine
Room)
(Machinery)
,
, ,
,
(, ) (
)
,
-
36
. 1)
-
2)
-
-
-
-
. 1)
1970 : (), /()
1980 : (), 50%,
-
.
37
1990 : (1999 HSD )
2000
-
- (2002 1 5,000)
-
- B&W
1992 8.4% 68 2006
80% 1,521 1,828
( ) :
1992 2006
68 (8.4%) 150 (18.7%) 1,521 1828 (80%)
812 803 2,000 2300
2006
1983~1988 1989~1995 1996~1999 2000~2005
-
-
()
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(/)
-
: HSD(2004)
-
38
,
LNG
,
,
MAN B&W Warsila
,
-
.
39
,
2
-
2)
2003 1.35 2015 2.82 4
LNG (LNG Ship) ,
. LNG 135k (Steam
Turbine) , LNG
150k, 200k, 260k .
, MAN Diesel Wrtsil LNG
LNG BOG
(Boil Off Gas) (Dual Fuel)
51DF, 50DF
Wrtsil 50DF LNG
Qatar 1 2006 52
200 .
, 50% 680
Joint Venture , 5.7~17MW
MAN Diesel 2 LNG
-
40
Qatar II 2 6S70ME C
40 ,
(Dual Fuel) 4 51DF
,
. , ,
Common rail
, Proto
MAN B&W Wartsila Swiss
NOx
,
, NOx ,
AVL. Ricardo, SWRI
. 1)
3 [2008,3
]( 300 142
: 47.3%)
-
.
41
%
13 9.2
10 7.0
6 4.2
4 2.8
LNG/LPG 30 21.1
Cruiser 1 0.7
12 8.5
4 2.8
10 7.0
9 6.3
() 43 30.3
142 100.0
: , 3 , 2008
() 30.3%, LNG/LPG
21.1%, 9.2%, 8.5%,
7.0%, 7.0%, 6.3%,
4.2%, 2.8%, 2.8%,
Cruiser 0.7%
, , ,
, , , , ,
, , , , ,
, , /, -,
, , , , ,
, ,, , ,
, , , , ,
, , , , ,
, , , , -,,
, ,
, ,
-
42
, ,
, ,
( )
() (%) ()()
( )
61.6 47.9 4.8 18,073.5 2.3
61.2 51.0 6.4 17,764 2.9
: , 3 , 2008
, (48.6%)
(28.2%) ,
45.3% ,
2)
2003 1 (
), 20 , 400 25,900
, , , STX 3
,
R&D
, 7.7% ,
6.3%, 4.9% .
LNG/LPG
. ( )
-
.
43
R&D
1 2 3 % % % %LNG/LPG 39 27.5 12 10.6 10 15.6 61 19.1
Cruiser 3 2.1 23 20.4 15 23.4 41 12.9
16 11.3 13 11.5 7 10.9 36 11.3
() 16 11.3 9 8.0 2 3.1 27 8.5
11 7.7 8 7.1 4 6.3 23 7.2
10 7.0 10 8.8 3 4.7 23 7.2
10 7.0 6 5.3 4 6.3 20 6.3
9 6.3 5 4.4 4 6.3 18 5.6
9 6.3 2 1.8 2 3.1 13 4.1
7 4.9 4 3.5 11 3.4
3 2.1 7 6.2 1 1.6 11 3.4
2 1.4 2 1.8 1 1.6 5 1.6
4 3.5 1 1.6 5 1.6
4 3.5 4 1.3
1 0.7 3 4.7 4 1.3
1 0.7 1 0.9 1 1.6 3 0.9
1 0.9 2 3.1 3 0.9
1 0.7 1 0.9 2 0.6
1 0.7 1 1.6 2 0.6
2 1.4 2 0.6
2 3.1 2 0.6
1 0.7 1 0.3
1 1.6 1 0.3
1 0.9 1 0.3
142 100.0 113 100.0 64 100.0 319 100.0
: , 3 , 2008
2.
.
()
-
44
.
(Propulsion & Rotating Power Generator)
IMO NOx
Tier 1,2, 3
(Power Transmitter & Propulsion Equipment)
(Auxiliary Machinery)
(100t )
(Marine Pollution Protection Equipment)
4 12
,
,
(Machinery)
-
.
45
3.
. 1)
,
2)
,
(
)
(, , / )
-
46
-
.
47
. 1)
) , ,
(Propeller) (Generator)
, ,
, ,
(Cruiser Ship), ,
)
-
2 , , 2
1(Cycle) . 5,000 10
, 4 10,000
4 , , , 4 1 , 20,000
5,000 200
-
48
100
- RPM
(400RPM ) 2 ,
3 4
45~48% 2 4853%
(4001,000 RPM) 1,00020,000
,
(2911)
- , , , ,
, ,
, ,
.
- 2
)
. LNG 175
10 180
, 99% 4 2
, 4
2
-
.
49
ME-GI
LNG Boil off LNG
, Boil-off
LNG
LNG
LNG 90%
, ,
(Cruiser Ship), ,
1
LNG
2
LNG (Dual Fuel)
2 2 , 4
2 LNG (Dual Fuel)
(Electric Propulsion System)
2006 2, ,
1 4 LNG 50DF
16 50 LNG
200
MAN B&W 2 LNG
4
51/60 DF 2007 .
MAN 32/44CR 2006 9
-
50
,
IMO Emission Regulation , ,
, SECA(Sulfur Emission
Control Areas)
,
(Natural Gas), (Orimulsion),
(Hydrogen)
1970
. 1970
,
,
,
.
, ,
LNG .
.
20100
, 50%
-
.
51
(waste heat)
LNG
70%
,
2010 478, 6,205 DWT
- LNG
- 2
2
2002
1 2
,
, , , ,
-
52
2010
.
- 4
2009
MAN Diesel SE, Wartsila
MAN Diesel SE
4 MAN
Diesel SE Wartsila
, , ,
,
.
, ,
, , STX
-
.
53
, ,
, ,
4
IMO NOx Tier 1,2,3
, Water Direct Injection ,
, ,
, , Common-Rail,
, ,
Emission Monitoring System,
Bearing Conditioning Monitoring System,
Engine Performance Monitoring System
-
54
/ /
- NOx
,
- NOx , SCR
,
- Licensor
-
- ,
, ,
- Licensor
AVL, Ricardo, SwRI
Pilot
- 1,000
- ,
Emission, ,
-
.
55
- ,
, ,
Licensor
)
(1) Tier 1, 2 & 3
- Atomizer, Piston Crown
- Turbo Charger
- Cam Profile
Water Direct Injection
-
- Fuel Water Emulsion
-
- Wet Scrubber
-
56
(ME & flex)
ME Hydraulic Power Supply
ME Hydraulic Power Supply , ,
NC
,
ME
Hydraulic Push-rod
ME (Fuel Oil Pressure Booster)
(Fuel Slide Valve)
-
.
57
ME
4
ME Fuel Oil Pressure Booster
Injector
-
58
Fuel oil 800 bar 150oC
Fuel oil pressure booster
Servo oil rail 200 bar
Servo oil pumps
Low press. fuel oil supply
Leakage and servo oil return
Membrane accumulators
Hydraulic cylinder unit (HCU)
Exhaust valve actuator
Membrane accumulators
Exhaust valve
Fuel valves
ME Hydraulic & Fuel Injection System
ME
- ME & FLEX Fuel Oil Pressure Booster
- 4 Stroke High Pressure Pump
- Fuel Slide Valve
- 4
-
.
59
Common Rail
- Fuel Rail & Servo Oil Rail 2 Common Rail Unit
. Fuel Common Rail
Unit . Fuel
Rail 6m (Forged Round Bar)
,
,
4 Common-rail
- (2 & 4)
(2st ME-GI, 4st DF)
- 4 Twin Needle ( & ) 50 DF 2
(Twin-needle)
,
- MAN B&W ME-GI (, , ,
) ME
,
-
60
,
- 4(DF) 2(ME-GI)
-
1.5 ,
,
,
Emission Monitoring System
- NOx, SOx PM
Bearing Condition Monitoring System
-
Engine Performance Monitoring System
- Engine Control Console
4 15
Tier 1, 2 & 3 ,
Atomizer, Piston Crown
-
.
61
-
62
Common Rail ,
)
,
,
Tier 1, 2 & 3
,
-
.
63
. 1)
)
(, ) ( )
,
,
, ,
25
-
64
) , , ,
2 8
Transformer for THD
Driver Power Transistor
RBU(Resister Braking Unit)
Synchronous Propulsion Motor
Pod
Azimuth Thruster
Gear Box
)
RO-PAX, , Shuttler
Tanker, LNG
ABB
Siemens
-
.
65
1880 (Battery)
, 1920 Turbo Electric Machinery
One-to-One Generator-Propulsion 1,
1980
Speed Torque Diesel-Electric Power Plant
AC/DC AC/AC
2
Shuttler Tanker
1990 Harmonic Distorsion 3
,
,
3 , LNG
, Offshore Oil Exploration
Pod
- Pod Azipod Propeller
- Pod Kvaerner-ABB, Siemens-Schottle, KaMeWa-Alstom
,
,
- ,
, , FPSO, FSRU, , VLCC, LNG
-
-
66
Pod
-
20MW
-
- 360
- 8%
- ,
Gear Box
- 1990 Turning Gear
- CODOG(Combined Diesel Or Gas turbine)
-
.
67
Propulsion Gears Multi Stage Reduction Gear
, Single Stage
Multi Stage
CODOG Reduction Gear for Twin Screw Propulsion
2)
LNG [ 3-12] 4
DF(Duel Fuel) ,
Redundancy
-
68
DF
LNG PWM(Pulse width Modulation)
, PMW
,
PWM
PWM
ABB
PWM
4 Sub-system
PWM
, Harmonic Distortion 15%
Transformer(TR) , Harmonic distortion
Power System ,
, (Flicker)
,
-
.
69
ABB PWM
(Driver) (Power transistor)
ABB IGCT(Integrated Gate Communicated
Transistor) ,
(ABB )
-
70
LNG Crash astern
, Wind Milling Breaking
(Regenerative power) RUB(Resistor breaking unit)
, (Normal Power) 20% 20
Crash astern
(Synchronous motor) , Speed Control
(Power factor) 1 , Air Gap
, , Exciting Device
Rotor Vibration
-
.
71
Redundancy ,
,
Redundancy ,
Redundancy ,
Tandem
Redundancy ,
(a) (b) (c) Redundancy
- 4 (Main Generator) 1 ,
Redundancy LNG
- Normal Sea Going 3, Manoeuvring 2, LNG
Discharge 1, 1
-
72
- Full Load Range MVA
Critical Power Factor
-
- Main Bus THD(Total Harmonic Distortion) 5%
, LV(Low Voltage) Distribution Network 440, 230V
- Component
Propulsion Motor, medium speed alt. : 97.3 %
Propulsion Convertor : 98.4 %
Propulsion Transformer : 98.5 %
Transformer
- Total Harmonic Distortion 15% Transformer
Driver Power Transistor
- IGCT(integrated Gate Communication Transistor) ,
Resistor Braking Unit
- Wind milling Braking
Synchronous Propulsion Motor
- 1
Pod
- Power Plant
-
.
73
- Driving Unit
- Steering System
- Thruster
Azimuth Thruster
- Gear Box
- Steering System
- Nozzle Propeller
- Thrust & Journal Bearing
- Stern Tube System
Gear Box
- Multi Stage Gear Box
Azimuth Thruster
- (FPSO, Drilling rig, Drill ship ), (OCV,
OSV), Tug, 360
- : 3MW @ 720rpm
- () : 4m4m7m
- : 50 ton
- Propeller : 3.2~3.8m
-
74
Gear Box
- Spiral bevel gear
Torque rpm reduction ratio
Spiral bevel gear design tooth contact analysis
- Sealing
-
-
- Gear box housing
Steering gear system
- Hydraulic system
- Dynamic
- Steering gear plate
- Planetary gear, Slew bearing
- , Leakage test, Free-run test
Ducted propeller
- Water flow
-
.
75
- Nozzle Propeller , cavitation, corrosion
- Propeller Nozzle
- Propeller
- Nozzle
- Nozzle (, , )
-
3)
Reduction Gear
.
Propeller, Driving Unit( ), ,
Remote Control System
-
76
-
.
77
) 2 8
)
Synchronous Propulsion Motor, Power
Transfomer, Transformer for THD RBU
,
-
78
Thruster Bearing,
. 1)
)
)
WHRS, WHRS
(100t ) ,
Marine Gas Oil Chiller
Vibration Damper
)
-
.
79
-
-
( 100t )
- Generator Set
Atlas Sasakura
- Auqua-Chem, Haten beer
Atlas
-
80
Auqua-Chem
(Fresh Water)
Fresh Water Generator
24~30 Ton/Day
6,000
3,000~6,000
- Marine Gas
Oil Cooling Unit (Compressor) 2~3cst, 17~20
Scroll, Reciprocating,
Screw Compressor
-
.
81
- Torsional Vibration Damper
-
Vibration Isolation mount
-
Damper, isolator
, ,
)
-
-
-
82
)
-
.
83
WHRS 2009WHRS
20120
) ,
WHRS ,
,
-
84
. 1)
)
- , ,
HC, CO2, CO
,
,
- (Particulate Matter), (NOx)
- (International Maritime Organization) 2000 1 1
, 5 .
- ,
PSC( )
-
.
85
IMO
-
IMO
1997 9 26 MEPC 37 MARPOL 73/78 VI
: 2004
: 15 ,
50% 12
-
(NOx), (SOx)
HALON, CFCs( )
400
-
: 400 (IAPP 1))
NOx : 130kw 2000 1 1
(EIAPP 2))
- IMO (MEPC : Marine Environmental Protection
Committee) [ (IMO
MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI)]
Brief History of 'IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI'
1987 11 .
1993 7 MARPOL 73/78 .
1997 9 MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI Regulation for Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships .
1) IAPP : International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate
2) EIAPP : Engine IAPP
-
86
- IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI
, (NOx) (SOx) .
- IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI
12
, 2000 11
12
12
, 2000 11
12
12
12
BWM(Ballast Water Management)
Filter
) 10MW 2
- (NOx : Nitrogen Oxides)/ (SOx : Sulfur Oxides)/
(PM : Particulate Matters)
-
-
-
.
87
Global (IMO: International
Maritime Organization) Tier
(SCR: Selective Catalytic Reduction)
(EGR:
Exhaust Gas Recirculation), , ,
, (Scrubber)
(Turbocharger)
,
.
-
88
,
( : Particulate Matters)
- CARB PM
Particulates are all exhaust components(with the exception of condensed water)
that are deposited on a defined filter after having been diluted with air to a
temperature below 51.7 (Fines, Dust, Soot, Mist, Fog, Smog )
- PM 0.2~0.5%() PM
- 500 PM 15~30nm
(Carbon) (Cluster) H/C=0.2~0.3 Dry Soot
- 500 H/C=1.2~1.7 SOF(Soluble Organic Fraction)
PM (Absorbed). SOF , (Oxygenated
Hydrocarbons; Ketones, Esters, Ethers, Organic Acids), PAH
- Sulfur Dioxide(SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2), Sulfuric Acid(sulfates)
Inorganic species PM (Condensed)
- PM (accumulate mode)
0.1~0.25 . (nuclei mode)
10nm
-
50nm Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles
-
.
89
NOx
NOx
- IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI (NOx )
- 130KW ,
1990 30%
- NOx
NOx
( )[g/kWh](as NO2)
(D2/E2/E3/C1 Cycles on Marine Diesel Oil)130 rpm 17.0
130 2,000 rpm17.0~9.8(45 N-0.2)
(N rpm)
2,000 rpm 9.8
DeNOx
- DeNOx PLB(partial lean burn) catalyst
(NOx Trap)
- SCR(Selective catalytic reduction)
SCR NOx N2 H2O
4NO + 4NH3 + O2 4N2+ 6H2O
2NO2 + 4NH3 + O2 3N2+ 6H2O
NOx
NOx
NOx 90% ,
-
90
SOx
SOx
- SOx
,
- SOx
3% (
) 1000[kgf] 64[kgf] SOx
. 0.5% 11[kgf] SOx
- 3.0% 50%
IMO
- SOx
SOx 4.5% m/m
(SOx Emission Control Area)
1.5% m/m (
6.0 g/kWh )
, De-NOx , DE-SOx ,
BWM Filter, ,
-
.
91
)
, ,
,
(1)
Tier I Tier II
,
,
, ,
Super Clean Marine Diesel Project
NOx 80%
Wartsila . 2006 6
SCR System , 2010
-
92
ADB Power 12K80~90MC SCR System ,
90%
(MAN Diesel, WARTSILA )
(2)
- .
90% SO2, 10% SO3
SO32-, SO4
2-
-
.
93
Date Sulfur Limit in Fuel (% m/m)SECA Global2000 1.5%
4.5%2010.07
1.0%2012
3.5%2015
0.1%2020 0.5%
Scrubber
System Krystallon ,
Wartsila (NaOH)
Scrubber system
MAN Diesel Aalborg Industries, Clean Marine
, Scrubber System
(MAN Diesel, WARTSILA )
(3) (DPF: Diesel Particulate Filter)
,
-
94
Engelhard DPX Cordierite
Wall Flow Type Fileter
HUG Engineering Fuel Burner CPF
, 150kW 3000kW
(hug engineerings DPF system)
(4)
( Quartz
CrystalMicro Balancer, Micro Soot Sensor) ,
MARTEK, CASCADE,
WR SYSTEMS , MEPC
MARTEK
MEPC (g/kWh)
-
.
95
(Martek)
(5)
/
,
,
-
96
2)
10MW 2 stroke
- : IMO NOx Technical Code Tier III
(3.4g/kWh for n
-
.
97
)
-
98
,
,
, Filter
Monitoring ,
)
, ,
BWM(Ballast Water Management)
-
.
99
.
1.
.
, , ,
Topside ,
,
, , , ,
Gas
, ,
Gas LNG, CNG , LPG
, ,
,
(Anti-ice), (De-ice)
Drillship Drill-rig Drilling system
FPSO ,
Module Package
-
100
Gas
LNG LPG BOG
LNG LPG
Gas
Drilling System
FPSO
. 1)
- Gas
-
-
2)
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
101
,
Gas Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Item
Cargo
Handling
Polyurethane foam
Pearlite
Aerogel
Cargo Handling
Equipment
LNG Reliquefaction Plant
BOG Oxidizer
HD Compressor
LNG Vapourizer
High Duty Heater
Inert Gas Generator
Nitrogen Generator
Re-gasfication Plant
Valve
Globe Valve
Butterfly Valve
Control Valve
Safety Valve(Pilot Type, Conventional Type)
Ball Valve
Temp. Press. Measuring System
Custody Transfer System
Vacuum Pumping System
Insulation Pressuring System
Ballast System
Valve Remote Control System
Steam System
Glycol Water Heating System
Fresh Water Cooling System
Cargo Tank Relief System
Insulation Space Relief System
Emergency Shut-Down System
Gas Detection System
Interbarrier Space LNG Drain System
Water Spray System
Fire Fighting System
Ballast Tank System
-
102
Gas () /
Reliquefaction
Unit
Compressor
Module
N2 Compressor & Expender
/ Cryostar /
Hamworthy Gas System
, / AtlasCopco
Compressor Unit
.
BOG Compressor
Gear Box
Control System
Cold BoxAl Brazed Heat-exchanger
Separator
Inert Gas/
Dry Air Unit
Scrubber &
Burner
Module
Scrubber body
/Smit
/Hamworthy
.
Burner Unit
Air Blowers with Motors
Control Panel
Cooling
Module
Compressor with Motor
Condenser
Inert Gas Cooler
Dryer Module
Absorber Vessels, Piping Unit
Desiccant
Electric/Steam Heater & Blower
Nitrogen Unit
Nitrogen Skid
Module
Membrane Filters
/ Air Products,
ETtech
Feed Air Filter
Control Valves
Oxygen Analyzer
Dew point Analyzer
Feed Air
CompressorFeed Air Compressor
Vaporizer Unit
(Boil-off/Wor
m-up heater
2 )
Tube Module
/ Cryostar, /
Hamworthy Shell Module
-
.
103
Winterization
Anti-ice De-ice
,
(Emergency ,
)
deicing
( 4~6 De-icing
)
Communication equipment
Radars
Wheelhouse windows
Navigation lights
Cooling water systems
Fire fighting equipment
Anchor equipment
Emergency towing
Air pipe ventilation heads
Life boats and davits/Rafts/MOB
Escape exits
Storange lockers/rooms for life-saving
& de-icing euip.
Cargo system valves
Open deck except cargo area
Gangways and stairways
Superstructure
Railings
Outdoor piping
Mooring winches
Deck lighting
Protected locations/covers with heating
Protective covers
Electric tracing
Heating coils(Steam/hat warer)
Ice-repellant coating
Self-draining piping
Circulation of media(hydraulic oil)
-
104
Drilling System
()
(Drilling System)
Derrick & Hoisting System
Derrick
Drill Line Storage Reel
Dead Line Anchor
Travelling Block
Draw-works
Utility Winch & Man Rider Winch
Pipe Handling System & Main
HPU
Upper Racking Arm
Intermediate Racking Arm
Drill floor Manipulator Arm(DFMA)
Iron Roughneck
Casing Stabbing Basket
Hydraulic Cathead
Main HPU with Noise Hood
Rotating System
DDM(Derrick Drilling Machine)
Elevator, Retractable Dolly
Rotary Table
Mud Flow System/ Cement & Dry
Bulk System
Mud Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Shale Shaker
Mud Cleaner
Vacuum Degasser
Mud Stand Pipe Mainfold
Cementing Unit
Cement Stand Pipe Mainfold
Dry Bulk Equipment
Sack Storage Equipment
BOP and Subsea Production tree
Subsea Valve
BOP Function Cylinder
BOP Connector
Subsea Pod Block
Motion Compensating System
Riser Tensioner
Crown Mounted Compensator
Active Heave Compensator
-
.
105
FPFO
-
106
. 1)
) , ,
, Tanker ,
, , ,
- Ballast
- Ballast
- LNG
, FPSO Topside
- Crude Oil
,
IMO
- ,
-
.
107
LNG
,
- ,
LNG 2010 12.7%
- LNG ,
100% , Membrane (KC-1)
, ,
- FPSO
- FPSO Topside
- LNG 10 50 LNG
FPSO, FSRU ,
2) ) Gas
LNG 2004 2010
12.7% , LNG
- LNG 22.2%, , ,
LNG
- LNG 2003 60
-
108
, ,
LNG
- LNG 1994 2003 7.7 2005 2014
20.8
(VLCC)LNG(: )
LNG (: CBM)
VLCC
26.5 21.0
'94~'03 '05~'14
LNG
7.7
20.8
'94~'03 '05~'14
04~10 LNG : 22.2% , , LNG LNG 0360
, LNG
050
100150200250300350400450500
'99 '01 '03 '10E '14E
CAGR (04~10)= 12.7%
: Maritime Strategy International, IEA, Clarkson Research
LNG
Gas
- LNG CNG (Compressed
natural gas, ), NGH(Natural gas hydrate, ),
GTL(Gas to liquids, )
- CNG PNG(Pressurized natural gas). , 250kg/cm2
. 1/250 ,
LNG 1/600 , LNG .
.
. CNG . CNG
( : ( : CBM)
-
.
109
- NGH 1m3 () 160m
3 .
NGH 0.85~0.95, -20
. .
NGH , ,
. GTS(Gas to solids, )
. NGH
- GTL FT , DME (Dimethyl ether), . GTL
LNG
. FT ,
. DME -25
6 . 6,900kcal/kg
. +65 ,
, (4,800kcal/kg)
)
-
,
-
(Winterization)
- , , .
-
110
- Year-round arctic operation "Winterisation"
Arctic LNG
, ,
,
DNV Ice ClassesMANAGI
DNV Class Notations Equivalent Baltic lce class Vessel Type Ice Conditions Impact LimitsICEC
- All ship types
Very light ice condition
No ramming
-First year ice and
broken channel
0.4m ice thickness
0.6m ice thickness
0.8m ice thickness
1.0m ice thickness
1.0m ice thickness
ICE1C 1C
ICE1B 1B
ICE1A
ICE1A*
ICE1A*F
1A
1A Super
ICE05
ICE10
ICE15- Vessels intended
for ice breaking
- Bulit for another
main purpose
First year ice with
pressure ridges
POLAR10
POLAR20
POLAR30 Multi year ice with
glacial inclusions
Accidental
ramming
ICEBREAKERIcebreaking is
main purpose
Repeated
ramming
-
.
111
)
[FPSO(Floating Production Storage
and Off-loading)]
- FPSO British Petroleum 1975
,
. Hull
, Hull(Drilling),
(Production), (Storage), (Offloading) FPSO, FSO,
FPU, FPDSO , (Semi-Submersible)
DDCV(Deep Draft Caisson Vessel), Spar, TLP(Tension
Leg Platform)
- LPG LNG
, LPG FSO
IHI , LNG FPSO
. SHELL, BP, AMOCO, CHEVRON, TEXACO
,
LNG FPSO
- LNG FSRU IHI SPB
300m, LNG 150,000m3, 2500 Re-gasfication
, SHELL
EXMAR
- FPSO Topsides, Hull, LQ , Topside 1,000
-
112
3,000 .
Hydrocarbon Process Module
Utility Module, Laydown module,
Pipe Rack, Flare Tower,
(Workshop), (Control Room) , (Living Quarters;
LQ) Helideck Living Quarters Hull Cargo Tank
Tank Hull (Hull Appurtenance)
Risers & Caissons, Boat landing, Offloading Platform,
Mooring , LQ Topside (Blast Wall) &
- , Production Process Well Fluid(Separation) Gas
(Compression) (Dehydration) , Well
Fluid HP Separator Oil, Gas, Water 3 Emulsion
Treating and Degassing Sales Quality Oil Storage Tank
Offloading Shuttle Tanker . Gas
Well (Injection) Fuel Gas ,
Oil Re-injection Overboard Disposal, Seawater
Cooling Well
Injection
Drilling System [Semi-Submersible Drilling Rig]
- ,
,
. ,
70%
-
.
113
- ,
, 100m Jack-UP,
3,000M Semi-Submersible Drilling Rig 4,500m
Drill Ship Semi-Submersible Rig .
1962
, DPS(Dynamic
Positioning System),
,
(Winterazation) .
(Truster)
, (DPS)
- ,
, , , ()
.
Model Major
,
, Owner
- 25
, Rig ,
Top-Side, Hull, Mooring, Drilling System, Subsea
System , Semi-Submersible Drilling Rig Lower
Hull(Pontoon), Column UpperDeck, SAboveUpper Deck(Substructure)
-
114
. 1)
142
50
,
, , ,
, , , ,
, , , ,
,
, ,
,
, ,
, , , ,
.
,
2) R&D
, , ,
, ,
-
.
115
LNG Cargo Containment System
, , ,
, ,
, , ,
,
,
3) Risk
,
-
116
,
, , ,
,
4)
,
,
,
, , .
,
-
.
117
2.
.
- Gas ( )
- ( )
- ( )
3 ,
,
Gas
LNG LPG BOG
LNG LPG
Gas
Anti-ice
De-ice
Drilling System
FPSO
-
118
.
,
Anti-ice, De-ice ,
, DP system
Anti-ice, De-ice ,
Life boat Devit
Anti-ice, De-ice ,
,
, ,
,
, ,
, ,
, , Anti-ice, De-ice
,
()
Pump, Compressor,
Separator, Block,
Hydrocyclon
(Drilling, Production)
Module, Package
Integration , ,
- Gas , ,
-
.
119
3.
. 1)
, 1 2
,
,
,
, , 80 %
-
120
2)
,
Gas
Gas
LNG
Drilling system
FPSO
-
.
121
Macro roadmap
-
122
4.
. 1) Gas
) LNG System LNG
. LNG Piping
System LNG Loading System
Control System, Unloading ,
Cargo Containment System
-
.
123
Cargo piping System (LNG) Liquid
Line (Vapour) Vapour Line
Liquid Line Liquid Header, Liquid Cross-over, Manifolder Shore Connection
Line, LNG Filling & Discharge Line, Spray Line
LNG , .
,
15kg/cm2
3
Vapour Line Vapour Header, Vapour Cross-over, Shore Connection
Line, Gas Burning Line, Pressure Built-up Line
Vapour (Vapour Header,
Vapour Cross-over) Compressor Room
(Vapour Suction & Return Line) Compressor Room BOG
Gas Burning Line
LNG Cargo Handling System Containment
System
LNG Cargo Handling System IAS(Integrated Automation System)
LNG
, CACC(Cargo Control Console)
(Engine System )
IAS Cargo System Machinery System 2
, IAS Cargo System
(Reliquefaction System), LNG Vapourizing System, Inert Gas Generating
System, N2 Generating System, Cargo Tank Boil-Off/Warm-up
Heating System, CTS(Custody Transfer System), LNG Tank
-
124
) Line Line Control System Control
Cargo Machinery . Cargo System
Machinery , ,
Boil-off/Warm-up Heater, LNG Forcing Vapourizer, Inert Gas Generator
N2 Generator . LNG
Cargo Pump & Spray Pump , LNG
Loading Unloading, Cargo Tank
: High Duty Compressor Low Duty Compressor
. High Duty Compressor
, Low Duty Compressor Tank BOG
BOG
BOG Boiler
Boil-off/Warm-up Heater : Boil-off Warm-up(
Cargo Tank Heating Tank Tank
) High Duty Low Duty Compressor Vapour Setting
Heating
LNG Vapourizer :
, , LNG
Loading Gassing-up
Loading Arm Manifold (Shore Connection
Line) LNG -150 Vapour
Compressor Cargo Tank .
Forcing Vapourizer LNG Vapourizer ,
, Total BOG System . Total BOG
LNG
-
.
125
Inert Gas Generator(IGG) : (Dry Air)
(Gas Filling) , , Tank
(Worm Air) . Inert Gas Tank
N2 Generator :
, , , (
)
CTS(Custody Transfer System) : LNG (BTU)
, , .
LNGC CTS LNG ,, Vapour
. CTS Cargo Tank
LNG (, )
LNGC : (Open/Shut Valve),
(Opening Valve), (Emergency Open/Shut Valve),
(Safety Relief Valve), (Non-return Valve) .
Butterfly Valve, Ball Valve, GAte(Globe)
Valve, , , Three way Valve, Needle Valve
)
90 2004
4,516 CGT 3.0% 2015
-
126
1990 , ,
,
2004 1,581 CGT 35%
- 2004 834 CGT 33.6%
31.8%, 11.0% 1
- 3 3,337CGT 36.9%
, GAS 2004 91, 2005, 125,
2006 111, 2007 73, 2008 63
GAS
GAS ( : )
2004 2005 2006 2007 200891 125 111 73 63
: Lloyd's World Shipbuilding Statistics
-
.
127
)
-
128
)
. 1)
) :
,
100
:
Anti-ice
,
-
.
129
De-ice
,
LNG LNG ,
)
: LNG
: Anti-iceDe-ice , LNG
Anti-ice
Wheelhouse windowNavigation lightsCooling water systemFire fighting systemAnchor equipmentAir pipe ventilation headsLife boats and davitStorage lockers/room for life saving &de-ice equipmentCargo system valves
De-ice
Mooring winchesDeck lightsProtective coverElectric tracingHeat coils(steam/hat water)Ice-repellant coatingAir pipe ventilation headsLife boat and davitsSelf-draining piping
LNG
/ 360
-
130
) NSR
,
Sakhalin, Shtokman, Snoehvit field 2007~2015 26
DNV 2006 DEICE, Winterization notation ,
,
LNG 2005 7 Fleet 21.3 Mn cu.m, 181
16.9 Mn cu.m, 113 2010 160
30 LNG .
2015 125( 25) LNG
Arctic LNG ,
Project 2007 LNG Arctic
LNG Target Yamal, Shtokman
2010 /
LNG 20~30
50% 1970
-
.
131
, 1980 65 30% .
20~30
2010
(2004 () (:)
40 30~40 20~30 10~20 10 5,000 6 14 20 36 6 3 85
5,000~10,000 6 5 14 17 4 4 50
10,000 1 7 18 11 5 2 44
1 1 1 1 1 7 12
14 27 54 65 16 16 191
(2004 () 2005~07 2008~10 2011~15 2016~20 2021~30
6 14 20 36 6 3
6 5 14 17 4 4
1 7 18 11 5 2
(Northern Sea Route)
30~40%
-
132
)
-
.
133
)
. 1)
) ,
, ,
SPAR, TLP
FPSO, Drillship
FPSO, Drillship
Topside
-
134
SEMI
(Semi-Submersible)
- , lower
hull, column
- Thruster
Dynamic Positioning
TLP
(Tension Leg
Platform)
-
- (tension leg)
- Mini-TLP
SPAR, FPSO
SPAR
- column
- taut mooring, VLA
- Classic S. Truss S. Cell S.
FPSO
(Floating,Productio-n,
Storage and
Off-loading)
- //
- hull
- turret
- LPG FPSO(), LNG FPSO
-
- 2005. 7 148
-
Drillship
- ,
.
-
Fixed Platform( ) Semi-submergible Rig(
)
- , , Ship , ,
- Drilling Pipe & bits, Drawwork, Riser tensioner,
Topdrive, Mud Pumps, Heave compensator
-
.
135
FPSO(Floating Production Storage Offloading Vessels)
- Gas
Oil/Gas
Tank
- FPSO
Shuttle Tanker . FPSO Shuttle Tanker
(Drillship)
- , (
), , , ,
) Top-side Drilling
System Product Process
Winch, Crane, ,
,
Drilling system Turn-key base
Process ,
FPSO Top-side Project Turn-key Package
Process Package
-
136
Drilling System
Derrick & hoisting system Pipe handling system & Main HPU Rotating system Mud flow system/cement & dry bulk systemBOP and subsea production treeMotion compensating system
FPSO System
Gas turbine compressor packageGas turbine generator packageCompressor/VRU packageSeawater injection pump packageSeawater lift pump packageFilter separator vesselHeat exchangerHydrocyclonesGlycol dehydration packageChemical injection pump packageMethanol injection pump packageProduced water treatment packageFeul gas packageModule integration
)
- 3 .
- 2002 3
18 , 2004 32, 2006
39 30% ,
2002 10.9% 2004 17.6%, 2006 16.1%
- 2003, 2004
, 2005 FPSO Semi-Rig, Drillship
- 2005 3 26.7 2003
-
.
137
23.8 , 66.8 .
- 2006
40%(42US$), 2006.9 42US$ ,
2007.4 92,
62 ( 278,
233) 33% 27%
( : )
: Issue Report(2005.11)
3
( : )
: Issue Report(2005.11)
3 /
-
138
- (Keppel FELS, SembCorp) : Jack-Up
, Series
Floater(Semi ) 2009 Floater .
,
6 (GVA 7500) , Semi
- (Yantai, Dalian) : Jack-up F loater(Semi)
, Yantai Semi
.
- (AMFELS, LeTourneau, Signal) :
Jackup Rig 2009
Repair ,
Upgrade
( : )
2007 2008 2009 2011 2015
Drillship & Rig 58 6 6 6 6
46 4 4 4 4
FPU 31 31 25 25 25
3 5 13 13 13
89 37 31 31 31
49 9 17 17 17
* : (, 2007 .)
-
.
139
5 ( : )
TypeEstimated Numbers Estimated Market
RemarksLow High Low High
FPSO 95 115 36.5 45.1
Semi-Rig 12 15 7.2 9.9
Spar 6 10 1.7 2.7
FSO 35 45 2.1 2.8
* Ship Type Unit & Fixed type Platform are not included
* : IMA, 2007.03
-
140
)
-
.
141
)
-
142
.
1.
.
. 1)
, , IT
2)
INS, Navigation Support Application,
Advanced Navigation Aids
- ECDIS & ENC, , Integrated Navigation System,
Dynamic Route Planning System, Advanced Collision Avoidance System,
Navigation Guidance System, , Advanced
Navigation Sensor, Advanced GMDSS
,
-
.
143
- , ,
,
IT / ,
- , , ,
LED , IP ,
Off shore Electric Parts,
Field Instruments, Off shore / System
- Off Shore, Electric Parts(MCC, HV & LV Transformer,
HV/LV Switchgear, Variable Frequency Drive Panel), Transmitter (Pressure,
Temp., Flow, Level), Hydraulic Control System, Surveillance System(CCTV, Gas,
Flame, Smoke), / System, Top Side System
. 1) 1970
1990
,
, , , ,
, ,
-
144
20022006
2006 845 , 43,368,
4 1,018, 2 2,167
( : , , )
2002 699
2003 656
2004 637
2005 639
2006 845
2002 27,028
2003 29,156
2004 30,806
2005 33,203
2006 43,368
2002 2,015,386
2003 2,208,904
2004 2,620,810
2005 2,775,468
2006 4,101,788
2002 1,108,365
2003 1,244,402
2004 1,425,512
2005 1,579,610
2006 2,216,736
: KSIC35114
: , .
-
.
145
2002 699 2006 845
146 2002 27,028 2006 43,368
16,340 2002 2 154
2006 4 1,018 5 2.04
2002 1 1,084 2006 2 2,167 2002 ~ 2006
2.00
1995 197
2004 153 , 80%
, 100% 55.6%(85)
. 2004 , ,
22.9% , , , ,
( : , %)
1986 1995 2000 2003 2004 6 8 6 6 4(2.6) -2.2
21 42 36 31(20.8) 35(22.9) 2.9
18 22 23 20(13.4) 25(16.3) 1.8
6 17 16 15(10.1) 11(7.2) 3.4
6 11 10 10(6.7) 9(5.9) 2.3
31 24 15 14(9.4) 16(10.5) -3.6
6 5 4 3(2.0) 3(2.0) -3.8
19 31 29 24(16.1) 19(12.4) -
23 28 26 18(12.1) 23(15.0) -
8 9 6 8(5.4) 8(5.2) -
144 197 171 149(100.0) 153(100) 0.3
: , , 2007
-
146
,
,
, ,
2)
13%
,
( : %)
1988 1992 1995 1997 2000 2002
2.75 0.50 0.64 0.51 0.49 0.46
0.51 0.28 0.33 0.19 0.16 0.12
0.38 0.60 0.63 0.32 1.57 1.87
6.52 7.37 4.32 6.92 6.34 8.23
0.58 0.81 0.92 1.17 1.07 1.19
0.45 1.08 0.74 0.36 0.70 0.72
0.24 0.37 0.45 0.53 0.91 1.23
11.43 10.51 8.03 9.99 11.25 13.83
: , , 2005
-
.
147
1990 ,
2007
9 1,524 6 6,236(72.4%),
1 6,941(18.5%), 6,607(7.2%),
1,740(1.9%)
2000 ~ 2007
. 2000 2 6870 2004 5 6,561,
2007 9 1,524 7 3.41
2000 ~ 2007
, ,
( : , %)
2000 268,700 100.0 11,879 4.4 150,821 56.1 67,695 25.2 38,305 14.3
2001 369,532 100.0 14,401 3.9 186,097 50.4 118,979 32.2 50,055 13.5
2002 38,8543 100.0 15,088 3.9 191,158 49.2 130,153 33.5 52,144 13.4
2003 358,609 100.0 17,323 4.8 171,990 48.0 119,445 33.3 49,851 13.9
2004 565,611 100.0 16,977 3.0 368,529 65.2 124,080 21.9 56,025 9.9
2005 695,121 100.0 18,481 2.7 489,280 70.4 138,196 19.9 48,804 7.0
2006 777,986 100.0 14,789 1.9 581,474 74.7 125,337 16.1 56,386 7.2
2007 915241 100.0 17,399 1.9 662,359 72.4 169,414 18.5 66,069 7.2
: : , , 2008
-
148
2007 EU
4 7,629 52.0% , 1 6,349
(17.9%), 1 5499(16.9%), , 1 2,047
(13.2%)
EU 94.4%, 77.3%
, 45.3%
47.9%
EU
67.9%, 41.4%, 39.7% .
45.2%
, 2,987
, 6,607, EU 1,114
, 604
(2007)( : , %)
915,241 100.0 17,399 1.9 662,359 72.4 169,414 18.5 66,069 7.2
154,989 100.0 6,914 4.5 58,847 38.0 70,214 45.3 19,014 12.3
163,493 100.0 1,710 1.0 126,321 77.3 24,319 14.9 11,143 6.8
EU 476,293 100.0 3,598 0.8 449,532 94.4 17,121 3.6 6,042 1.3
120,466 100.0 5,177 4.3 27,659 23.0 57,760 47.9 29,870 24.8
: - , , , , ,
: , , 2008
-
.
149
IT
.
,
,
,
(%) 5 11 16 (7.1)
: 46.5%
3 88 91 (40.4)
5 57 62 (27.6)
8 48 56 (24.9)
(%) 21 (9.3) 204(90.7) 225 (100%)
: , (, 2003)
-
150
. 1)
,
,
, 90%
, , ,
,
2003 1
, 20 , 400 25,900
, 4,428 2002 15%
270,000
54 , ,
, , 16,000
, , ,
60 ,
,
-
.
151
, , 50
50
, , 15
, 15
100
,
: , , 2003
Motor, Battery, , (), () , ,
, , ()KTE, (), ()KTER, (),
,
, Search Light
(), (), ,
(), (),
, ()
, ,
(), (), (),
(), ()
Radar Equip., (), (), (),
(),
Control Console ()KTE,, (), ()KTE, ()
, , Wire Reel (), (),
, ,
(), (), (),
()
-
152
2006
. 50
62.7%(530 ) 20
32.3%(273 )
50 ~ 99 21.2%(179 ), 100 ~
199 14.4%(122 ), 200
1.7%(14 ) . 100
83.9%(709 ), 100 16.1%(136
)
2006 100 ~ 199
37.0%(16,055) 50 ~ 99 29.0%(12,586
), 50 26.3%(11,387)
100 44.7%(19,395)
2006 100 ~
199 28.3%(1 1,495) 100
41.4%(1 6,813)
50 ~ 90 25.3%(1 288),
20 ~ 49 21.9%(8,470), 20
12.4%(5,049)
100 ~ 199
31.5%(6,987), 50 ~ 99 27.3%(6,052)
. 100 43.4%(9,616),
50 29.4%(6,500)
2006 50
-
.
153
62.7% 33.3%
29.4%
100 16.1%
41.4%, 43.4%
2006
200 379 8,210,
100 ~ 199 94 2,230, 50 ~ 99 57
4,760, 20~49 32 9,560, 5~19 18
4,930
. 200 20
20.5
(2006)( : , , , %)
845 100.0 43,368 100.0 4,061,951 100.0 2,216,376 100.0
5~19 273 32.3 3,014 7.0 504,871 12.4 216,186 9.7
20~49 257 30.4 8,373 19.3 846,977 20.9 433,768 19.6
50~99 179 21.2 12,586 29.0 1,028,833 25.3 605,160 27.3
100~199 122 14.4 16,055 37.0 1,149,521 28.3 698,674 31.5
200 14 1.7 3,340 7.7 531,749 13.1 262,948 11.9
: , ., 2007
-
154
IT
.
2) R&D
,
()
:
: 3,494.7 , 2,358 (143.4)
: 2004 ~ 2008
,
, ,
- :
- : 6,600 (150)
- : 2004 ~ 2008
: ,
, , ,
R&D
,
R&D
-
.
155
( )
- (KOMERI) 80%
R&D ,
, (, ) . ,
, , (
, , , , ,
, ), (10 & 3 m EMC Chamber, EMC & EMS
Compact Chamber, Shield Room), (EMC , )
. ,
, , ,
- (RIMS) ,
,
, , , , ,
, 50 ,
,
,
,
, ,
-
, /
. ,
-
156
, , ,
, , ,
, ,
, / , ,
, CFD ,
, IT
, , , ,
3) Risk
IT
,
,
( Digital MF/HF/VHF )
- Auto Pilot,
IT
- IT
,
-
.
157
4)
, , ,
///
(IT),
(ET)
,
2.
. 4 , 10
4 , 10 , ,
-
-
- IT
-
-
158
. 4 10
,
INS
Navigation Support Application
Advanced Navigation Aids
IT /
Off Shore Electric Parts
Field Instruments
Off Shore / System
10 INS, Navigation Support Application, Advanced
Navigation Aids, , ,
/ , , Off Shore Electric Parts,
Field Instruments, Off Shore / System
2010 2011
-
.
159
3.
.
1)
,
,
, , 90 %
-
160
2)
-
.
161
4.
.
1)
GPS, Gyrocompass, , ,
(, , ,
, , , , , )
-
162
,
,
RADAR AIS
.
.
-
.
163
2)
INS, Navigation Support Application, Advanced Navigation Aids
ECDIS & ENC, , Integrated Navigation System, Dynamic Route
Planning System, Advanced Collision Avoidance System, Navigation
Guidance System, , Advanced Navigation
Sensor, Advanced GMDSS
INS
ECDIS & ENC
Integrated Navigation System
Navigation Support Application
Dynamic Route Planning System
Advanced Collision Avoidance System
Navigation Guidance System
Advanced Navigation Aids
Advanced Navigation Sensor
Advanced GMDSS
-
164
3)
- 2004 : (AIS Class A) (IMO)
- 2006 : (VDR) (MSC 79)
- 2008 : (AIS Class B) (IMO)
- 2010 : (ECDIS) (NAV 51)
- 2015 : INS IBS (IACS) Vision System
- ISM 1998 7, 2002 7
- 2001 20,000
- 2002 7 (VDR)
- 2002 7 (AIS)
- UMA(Unmaned Machinery Automation)
(IMO) 300 G/T 9 GHz
Radar, 3,000 G/T 3 GHz 2 9 GHz Radar
Radar ( : )
50
(Sub-Committee on the Safety of Navigation)
Radar (MSC)
IMO ITU
Radar
, 9 GHz
, Radar
Radar
-
.
165
E2V Technologies
, FURUNO, JRC, STN ALTLAS, ANRITUS, RAYTHEON,
KELVIN HUGHES Radar
Radar 300 , 100 ~ 200
Radar Radar RF
RADAR
2002 7 , 300 G/T 500
G/T AIS
AIS Class A (), ()
FURUNO, JRC
-
166
(AIS)
AIS SOTDMA
CAN-BUS Interface(IEC 61162-3)
(IEC 61162-4) AIS Class B
-
.
167
Radar (ATA), (AIS)
INS IBS
(), ()HKM
2000 12 2005 8
,
One-Man Bridge System
, ,
Way-Point ,
Naval Research Advisory Committee Smart Ship
,
-
168
Smart Ship
Automatic Guidance and Navigation System
Kongsberg Norcontrol AS IBS
ARPA, , , , ,
, ,
Kelvin Hughes IMO Resolution Act A.861(20) IEC 61996
Sea Harbor
IBS
Imtech marine & Industry
Vision System ,
, ,
,
,
Vision System
-
.
169
, , , Vision System
, , , ,
2006 126 20%
2006 7,000 30%
Vision System
GMDSS(Global Maritime Distress and Safety System)
300
1992 2 1 1999 1
31 7 1999 2 1
. ,
(MSI) ,
-
170
4) )
ECDIS & ENC, , Integrated Navigation System, Dynamic Route
Planning System, Advanced Collision Avoidance System, Navigation
Guidance System, , Advanced Navigation
Sensor, Advanced GMDSS
(ECDIS : Electronic Chart Display and Information System)
ECDIS , ,
(Autopilot) One-Man Bridge
-
.
171
(ENC) GIS
(ARPA : Automatic Radar Plotting Aids)
(IBS/INS : Integrated Bridge System/Integrated Navigation
System)
INS & IBS
INS
, /,
One-man Bridge
One-man Bridge
-
172
INS
9 GHz
Target Raw Radar Target
-
Radar
ECDIS IBS
- Radar Target
PPI Target
X-band RF
X-band
-
,
- Radar
RF
-
.
173
- Radar 96 nm
-
- 96 nm 1.2, 25
GPS, GLONASS,
Gyro-compass, Echo-sounder, Log, Wind Sensor, Angular Velocity Sensor,
AIS, Steering Module, Engine Room, Electric Power Station, Control and
Management,
- , ,
- ,
- , , ,
-
, ,
(AIS : Automatic Identification System)
Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) ,
, VHF-FM
-
174
SOTDMA 25 ms
Attack Release
, ,
-
GMSK FSK ,
ASIC
- SOTDMA AIS Class B
(VTS : Vessel Traffic System)
,
,
(Dynamic Positioning System)
- Radar, AIS,
,
- Radar Target , AIS Target
,
-
,
- , AIS
-
.
175
, , , INS & IBS
: ETRI
AIS AIS ,
GPS, , ,
,
,
-
SAAB AIS
- ,
Vision System ,
, ,
,
-
176
Vision System 6- ,
Target Nano Direct Drive Servo Motor
3 Gyro Sensor
Nano Driving Pedestal Target
6- Pedestal Pedestal
Direct Driving .
Nano Driving Pedestal Direct Driving Pedestal
Target Tracking Image Stabilization Radar
,
Tracking
- Target Tracking Vision System Target , Gyro
Heading , GPS
Vision System Pedestal
ECDIS
VDR
- Image Stabilization Target Tracking
Vision System Target
IR Laser Source 8 km
Laser Source
.
-
.
177
Vision System
: STX,
(GMDSS : Global Maritime Distress Safety
System) (IMO) 300
/ , , Inmarsat
, , ,
7
-
178
)
-
.
179
5)
GMDSS GMDSS
Integrated Navigation System Dynamic Route Planning System
, ,
Advanced Collision Avoidance System
, Navigation Guidance System, Advanced GMDSS
ECDIS & ENC Advanced Navigation Sensor
-
180
. 1)
,
(1.6 MHz ~ 27.5 MHz)
,
, (156 MHz ~ 163 MHz)
,
490 kHz, 518 kHz 4,209.5 kHz
(RCMS) Wide-band Adaptive Network
Chip-set RCMS
, Narrow-band National
Semiconductor 1998 Chip-set
(INMARSAT) 36,000 Km
4 (POR),
(IOR), (AOR-E/AOR-W) , ,
, Inmarsat A, B, F, M, Mini-M,
M4, C, Aero 7
-
.
181
INMARSAT-C
EPIRB
9GHz RADAR Transponder
NAVTEX
VHF
DSC
NBDP
COSPAS-SARSAT 406 MHz
INMARSAT Inmarsat-B, Inmarsat-C,
Inmarsat-M, Mini-M, Inmarsat-F, Mini-C, D+
MF/HF, VHF, UHF , TTY, FAX,
E-mail
,
,
,
-
182
2)
,
, , ,
,
3)
,
-
.
183
E-mail
SDR(Software Define
Radio)
. Banding 64
kbps 72 kbps
(AIS)
(TDMA)
Analog MF/HF/VHF ()
, (), ()
Digital MF/HF/VHF 1,000 , 30
COSPAS-SARSAT 406 MHz
- INMARSAT-B, C, M
-
184
INMARSAT , ,
ISDN
Inmarsat-F Mini-C, D+
PDA ,
,
(ISIT) ,
VMS
, . 9.11
(IMO)
4) )
, , ,
-
.
185
,
, ()
- E-mail
.
Banding 64 kbps 72 kbps
-
186
: ,2008.
Digital MF/HF ,
(1.6 MHz ~ 27.5 MHz)
MF/HF 1.6 MHz ~ 27.5
MHz J3E 100 baud
E-mail
-
,
J3E
Voice CODEC
- 1.6 MHz ~ 27.5 MHz
-
.
187
.
Voice CODEC
MF/HF
- 1.6 MHz ~ 27.5 MHz Voice
CODEC
1.6 MHz ~ 27.5 MHz
100 baud 64 kbps 72 kbps
E-mail
- HF E-mail
SDR(Software Define Radio)
Banding
-
.
HF 72 kbps E-Mail
HF Duplexer 1.6 MHz ~ 27.5 MHz
10 m
9 GHz Radar
RF
- Circulator
Duplexer Duplexer
-
188
-
Digital VHF ,
(156 MHz ~ 163 MHz)
156 MHz ~ 163 MHz
F3E
9,600 bps
- GMSK
, PSK Orbit
- 8 16 38,600 bps
156 MHz ~ 163 MHz
F2B
,
- Polling
,
-
,
-
.
189
156 MHz ~ 163 MHz
25 kHz
12.5 kHz
Pre-emphasis, De-emphasis
- 12.5 kHz
,
- 12.5 kHz ,
8.5 kHz
4S Ship to Ship Ship to Shore Dynamic
Static
SAAB
SAAB
SOTDMA , CSTDMA
-
190
- / ,
:
-
.
191
)
-
192
5)
, ,
-
.
193
. IT 1)
(IMAS) ,
(FPSO : Floating
Production Storage Offloading) ICSS(Integrated Control and Safety
System) LNG IAS ,
(DCS) (ESD)
IT . 1
41 25% IT
: IT SoC Magazine
IT
-
194
2)
/ ,
, , , LED
, IP ,
IT
/
LED
IP
3)
, IT IT
IT
WiBro, RFID/USN, SoC SW
IT
IT
IT
, IT
-
.
195
(De-facto) IT LNG, FPSO
, IT
IT IPR IT
IAS Control System, BCS(Boiler Control System) IAS
Simulator 3 LNG (IAS)
, ,
IT
LAN
UTP
4) )
, , , LED
, IP ,
IT
UMS Function, , ,
- IT , /
- H/W S/W ,
-
-
196
SAN
,
/ ,
,
:
/
-
.
197
:
System
Off-line
: IT SoC Magazine, IT
SAN
-
198
)
-
.
199
5)
LED
IP
-
200
. 1)
Transformer, Cable, Reactor, Switch Gear, UPS, MCC(Motor
Control Center), Power Capacitor, Battery Charger
,
( Instrumentation)
Local Gauge, Switch/Transmitter ,
Instrument, Control, Installation, Engineering
, ,
(Transmitter), Controller, Recorder Control
Panel Control Valve
: Renewableenergy Cafe
element.
-
.
201
2)
Off Shore Electric Parts, Field Instruments, Off Shore /
System
Off Shore , Electric Parts(MCC, HV & LV Transformer, HV/LV
Switchgear, Variable Frequency Drive Panel), Transmitter(Pressure, Temp.,
Flow, Level), Hydraulic Control System, Surveillance System(CCTV, Gas,
Flame, Smoke), / System, Top Side System
Off Shore Electric Parts
Off Shore
Electric Parts(MCC, HV & LV Transformer, HV/LV Switchgear,
Variable Frequency Drive Panel)
Field InstrumentsTransmitter(Pressure, Temp., Flow, Level)
Hydraulic Control System
Off Shore / System
Surveillance System(CCTV, Gas, Flame, Smoke)
/ System
Top Side System
3)
,
10%
,
-
202
Transformer, Cable, MCC(Motor Control
Center), Switch Gear
Transformer , , LS
, , ,
Cable ,
2
Cable LS, , ,
Switch/Transmitter
, , ,
,
Local Gauge , Local Gauge
Local Gauge, Switch, Transmitter
9% , 7~8%
7%
Local Gauge , DCS(
: Distributed Control System), PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)
-
.
203
,
10 20 ~ 40
Kawasaki, Brunvoll, Rolls-Royce, Lips Tunnel
Thruster, Azimuth Thruster . ABB, Siemens,
Converteam(Alstom) , Drillship ABB()
(Azimuth Thruster Drive)
. , Thruster Motor,
High Voltage Generator, High Voltage Switchboard, High Voltage
Transformer Thruster
Drive
4) )
Off Shore , Electric Parts(MCC, HV & LV Transformer, HV/LV
Switchgear, Variable Frequency Drive Panel), Transmitter(Pressure, Temp.,
Flow, Level), Hydraulic Control System, Surveillance System(CCTV, Gas,
Flame, Smoke), / System, Top Side System
-
204
Transformer
,
Cable
Local Gauge
,
Switch Transmitter
,
LNG 4 DF(Duel Fuel)
,
Redundancy
-
.
205
- LNG PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)
, PWM
,
- (Driver) (Power Transistor) ABB
IGCT(Integrated Gate Communicated Transistor) ,
- RO-PAX, , Shuttler
Tanker, LNG
ABB Siemens
- 1880
, 1920 Turbo Electric Machinery
One-to-One Generator-Propulsion 1 .
1980 Speed
Diesel-Electric Power Plant
AC/DC AC/AC
2
Shuttler Tanker
- 1990 Harmonic Distortion 3
,
,
3 , LNG , Offshore
Oil Exploration
- 4 (Main Generator) 1 ,
Redundancy LNG
- , ,
,
-
206
,
: , 2008
-
.
207
)
-
208
5)
Surveillance System
Top Side System
Off Shore Electric Parts
Transmitter
Hydraulic Control System
-
.
209
.
1.
.
, ,
, ,
,
,
,
,
, , , IT, ,
, , ,
, ,
-
210
. 1)
2 3 2
15
,
, ,
,
, ,
,
, ,
No. No. No.
1
(Motor Boat)6
(Hovercraft)11 (Canoe)
2 (Yacht) 7
(Water Ski)12
(Water Sled)
3
(Personal Watercraft)8
(Para Sail)13
(Water Boat)
4
(Rubber Boat)9
(Rowing Board)14
(Surf Board)
5 (Scooter) 10 (Kayak) 15
(Paddle Boat)
: , (2008)
-
.
211
Motor Boat
, ,
Yacht, Power yacht, power boat
, FRP
, , ,
, ,
1885 1.5
Yacht
Sailing yacht
, ,
, .
,