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2013
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. 13(2013) 1-157
ISSN 1452-7804
(). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
: Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12) II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
: : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
: I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
: M(8. 13. ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
: 20.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
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1 (2007) 13(2013) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
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1. L. Brisson,How Philosophers Saved Myths: Allegorical Interpretation and Classical Mythology,
Chicago/London 2004, 29-106.2 . H.-J.Klauck, Allegorie und Allegorese in synoptischen Gleichnistexten (NTAbh 13), Mnster,1978, 39.
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3 , , - (Vitae PhilosophorumII, 11). , (. H. Chadwick,Antike Schriftauslegung. Pa-gane und christliche Allegorese, Berlin-New York 1998, 2).
4F. Koplston,Istorija losoje: Grka i Rim, Beograd 1991, 179-180.5. J. Tate, On the History of Allegorism(CQ28) 1934, 110-111.
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7, 28.8K.H.Jobes/M.Silva,Invitation to the Septuagint, Baker Academic 2000, 288-310.9. ,Praeparatio EvangelicaXIX, 28, PG 21, 741A.
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Praeparatio EvangelicaVIII, 10, 3.11. S. Sandmel,Philos Knowledge of Hebrew. The Present State of the Problem, Studia Philonica 5,1978, 107-112.
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12De vita contemplativa, 78.13De opicio mundi134f.14Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin et ExodumI11.15Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin et ExodumI12f.16Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesin et ExodumI 37.17De opicio mundi165f.
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18Legum allegoriarumII, 19-24.19Legum allegoriarumII, 53-70.20Legum allegoriarumII, 19.
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21. Ch. Schublin,Zur paganen Prgung der christlichen Exegese, in: J. van Oort / U. Wickert (Hgg),Christliche Exegese zwischen Nicaea und Chalcedon, Kampen 1992, 163.
22L. Lies, Die Gotteswrdige Schriftauslegung nach Origenes, in: G. Dorival/A. Le Boulluec (ed.),
Origeniana sexta. Origene et la Bible (BEThL 118), Leuven 1995, 365-372.23. B. Studer,Die patristische Exegese, eine Aktualisirung der Heiligen Schrift(Zur hermeneutischenProblematik der frhchristlichen Bibelauslegung), REAug 42 (1996) 71-95.
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24De libris Stromatum6, 15, 124.25De libris Stromatum5, 4, 24.26De libris Stromatum5, 12, 78.27De libris Stromatum5, 12, 82.28M. Fiedrowitz,Theologie der Kirchenvter, Freiburg im Breisgau 2007, 151.
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29Contra Celsum4, 39.30
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. 13(2013) 18-35
:* , , ( 12, 15-30) , - [] ( 2:1-12), - [] , - (, , ) (, , , -); , , . - 2:1-12 -
, ( ), - - (. 5:21-33) [. , in Coloss. XII5, PG 62.387-9]. - , :
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1 :. , . - 3,18-4,1 5,22-6,9, 2 (2009), 27-42. - , , , (. 34-35, 38-40), 2:1-12 : . 2:24, .. . .. , , -... , , . ,
, (2003), 179-191 , (. 1): ... ... ,
Aqua et vinum:
( 2:1-12)
II
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Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12) 19
, (. 5:32): - . , , () () ( 19:34)2 3,
, 4, . .
..., ad loc. :[ ] , (: , 1989, 34).
2 , (. , Rhetorica 1.2.18 [1357b] =E. M. Cope J. E. Sandys, The Rhetoric of Aristo-tle: With a CommentaryI-III, New York: Arno Press 1973, 1.45-47), , , ( 12:33; 18:32; 21:19): = ( 1:17), [] ( 2:4): , ; ! /, , ( 24:3,24,30; 2 2:9), ( 4:2; 6:28) (12:1,3; 13:13-14; 19:20),
: . - (Bellum Judaicum 1.29 =B. Niese,FlaviiIosephi opera, Berlin: Weidmann 1895 [1955], TLG): ... .
3 : - , hic et nunc ( 12:38-39; 16:1-4; 23:8;1 1:22), ( 4:48): , ! (.2:18; 4:48; 6:30), , (12:39; 16:4), : , , : , ,
( :
), =
( : ), , , .
4 ( 12, 28), ( , , ) , - (In Jo. 2, Pusey 1.204 =PG 73.228CD). , - ( 22:2-14; 25:1-13), (: , Procatechesis 3 [PG 33.333.336B-341A]; Catechesis III 1[PG 33.428AB]; , In sanctum baptisma 46 [PG 36.425A]). , , , , e 9.
De baptismo (PL 1.1210A) : . , , . . (), : 2009, 172-176.
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20
, (. . 18), , () :
, . J , ; , - , . , - , : - [. 6:11], -, [, ] , , , , , , , .5
( 2) ( 6) - - 6. , , - , , - , , -
: , ; ! (2:4), =(ante tempusvolente participare compendii poculo)7.
5,Adversus haeresesIII 11:5. III , , : W. W. Harvey,Adversus haereses:textu Graeco in locis nonnullis locupletato, versione Latina cum codicibus Claromontano ac Arundelianodenuo coll., praemissa de placitis gnosticorum prolusione, fragm. necnon Graece, Syriace, Armeniace, com-mentatione perpetua et indicibus variis, I-II, Cantabrigiae: Typis Academicis 1857, 1.43-44 [: III 11:9]:Bonum enim et illud quod per conditionem a Deo in vinea factum est, et primo bibitum est vinum. Nemoenim illud vituperavit ex his qui biberunt; sed et Dominus accepit de eo: melius autem quod per Verbum com-pendialiter ac simpliciter ex aqua ad usum eorum qui ad nuptias convocati erant, factum est vinum. Quamvis
enim possit Dominus ex nullo subjacente eorum quae sunt conditionis, praebere epulantibus vinum, et escacomplere esurientes, hoc quidem non fecit: accipiens autem eos qui a terra essent panes, et gratias agens,et iterum aquam faciens vinum, saturavit eos qui recumbebant, et potavit eos qui invitati erant ad nuptias;ostendens quoniam Deus qui fecit terram, et jussit eam fructus ferre, et constituit aquas, et edidit fontes, hicet benedictionem escse, et gratiam potus in novissimis temporibus per Filium suum donat humano generi,incomprehensibilis per comprehensibilem, et invisibilis per visibilem.
6. Adv. haer. IV 18:4, V 2:2 = : . . , , 1.58-61.
7Adv. haer. III 16:7 (Harvey, 2.88): Nihil enim incomtum atque intempestivum apud eum, quomodonec incongruens est apud Patrem. Praecognita sunt enim haec omnia a Patre, perciuntur autem a Filio, sicutcongruum et consequens est, apto tempore. Propter hoc properante Maria ad admirabile vini signum, et antetempus volente participare compendii poculo, Dominus repellens ejus intempestivam festinationem, dixit:Quid mihi et tibi est mulier? nondum venit hora mea ; exspectans eam horam quae est a Patre praecognita.
, , (. III 11:9), , (V 18:2) ex vinea (III 11:5), ,
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Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12) 21
, , , , ( -) , : , , , , =
, 8. , - , -
( ), , , [, ] 9.
() -, : , , , , - - (cum sacramentum quoque rei illius admonere et instruere nos debeat ut in sacriciisDominicis vinum potius offeramus)10.
, (2:4) (: E. F.Osborn,Irenaeus of Lyons, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2001, 89, 187). Harvey compendium compendii poculum, (2.88, . . 2): The cup, that recapitulatesthesuffering of Christ, was manifestly intempestivumbefore the Passion of our Lord.
8 , Paedagogos II 2 (PG 8.424B): , , , , , , , . , - .
9 , Catecheses mystagogicae, IV 2 (PG 33.1098B-1100A): , , -; , ; , ( , 75-76), , ,
(, 76-80), . (Missale gothicum)
(. . . 4!) (PL 72.242AB:Venerabilem ac primitivum in mirabilibus Ephiphaniae diem, in quo noster Redemptor et Dominus virtutissuae documenta praetendens, ab annis infantiae paternam protulit potestatem, obsequiorum nostrorumfamulantibus votis, et celebri sollemnitate, fratres carissimi, veneremur, pia obsecratione poscentes utqui tunc aquas in vina mutavit, nunc in sanguinem suum oblationum nostrarum vina convertat[ ], et qui aliis saturitatem meri potatione concessit, nos potationis suae libamine et ParaclitiSpiritus infusione sancticet. Per Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum Filium suum, qui secum vivit.
10Ep. 63, 12 (PL 4.383A): Quam vero perversum est quamque contrarium ut, cum Dominus in nuptiis deaqua vinum fecerit, nos de vino aquam faciamus, cum sacramentum quoque rei illius admonere et instruere nosdebeat ut in sacriciis Dominicis vinum potius offeramus. ,
, , , : Nam, quia apud Judaeos defecerat gratia spiritalis, defecit et vinum:
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22
11 12, =- 13, , -
, - (XII 1-2), - :
, . , . - . ... , . - . , , , .14
, - 15,
vinea enim Domini sabaoth domus erat Isral. Christus autem, docens et ostendens gentium populum succedere,et in locum quem Judaei perdiderant nos postmodum merito dei pervenire, de aqua vinum fecit, id est, quod adnuptias Christi et Ecclesiae, Judaeis cessantibus, plebs magis gentium conueret et conveniret ostendit.
11 De virginibus, () 353. ,
, , , (PL16.231B-232B): Vides quantus ad natalem Sponsi tui populus convenerit, ut nemo impastus recedit? Hicest qui rogatus ad nuptias aquam in vina convertit. In te quoque sincerum sacramentum conferet virginitatis,quae prius eras obnoxia vilibus naturae materialis elementis. Hic est qui quinque panibus et duobus piscibusquatuor millia populi in deserto pavit. Plures potuit, si plures jam tunc qui pascerentur, fuissent. Denique adtuas nuptias plures vocavit: sed jam non panis ex hordeo, sed corpus ministratur e coelo.
12 - (Sermones appendicis Maurinorum), (92:4; PL 39.1924): Quod vinum est, quodoptimum judicatur, quod architriclinus princeps queritur sero prolatum, nisi sanguis Dominicae passionis?
13 (. 11), - : In te quoque sincerum sacramentum conferetvirginitatis, quae prius eras obnoxia vilibus naturae materialis elementis, - , (. 12), : Aquam in
vinum convertit; humanae fragilitati virtus augetur. , , , , (De Meletio, PG 46.860A): ... , . .
14: . (.), : , . . , - 22004, : http://verujem.org/sveti_oci/jefrem_sirijski_tumacenje_12.htm (13. 4. 2013.); : L. Leloir (. .), Saint Ephrem, Commentaire de lEvangile con-cordant. Texte syriaque (Manuscrit Chester Beatty 709), Chester Beatty Monographs 8, Dublin 1963, 76-77.
15 , (2:3-5) - .( . . R. Bumer L. Scheffczyk,Marienlexikon, Institutum
Marianum Regensburg 1994), , , ,
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: 1) , - , - , ,
- , - ; 2) , , - , - ; 3) , , - 16, - ( ) , , , -
- .
:
, (, ), , = -, . , , - 17.
. , , , , : . (Hom. Jo. 21:2, PG 59.130), (Io. 2, PG 73.225B). , 430. , , , , : ( Ad Nestorium I-III PG 77.40C-41D.44C-49A.106C-121D)
( Ad Cyrillum I-II = F. Loofs, Nestoriana. Die Fragmente des Nestorius, Halle:Niemeyer 1905, 169.173-180) , e , , , , (Loofs, 177) ( ), : ; [ 2:1]. (E. Schwartz,Acta conciliorum oecumenicorum1.1.1, Berlin: De Gruyter 1927, 24) , (. Ad NestoriumII, PG 77.109C.112).
16 , (: 12, . 29), - , .
17
, ( Edirnekapi). ( =, ) : IV ,
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, : , ... , , , 14. ... : 18, , [.1/1; .2/1] , ( )
( ) [.1/2]. , , 19, [], ,
, , - , ... -, , =20. , , [. 1.3] [. 1.4]21, .
, , . : A. H. Dursun M. D.Sheridan, Chora Museum: Ofcial Museum Guide, Tesvikye-Istanbul: BKG 2011, 6. , , (. 114:9: ): XIV , , () ( ), : P. A. Underwood, The Kariye Djami.Volume 1: Historical Introduction and Description of the Mosaics and Frescoes, Bollingen Series 70, NewYork: Pantheon Books 1966, 3-8. , (Kariye), , , - .
18. , , ..., 2003, 403-413:404.19Underwood,Kariye, 39-40.20. , , 413.21 ,
, , .
Curtea de Arge, , - (: O. Tafrali,Monuments byzantins de Curta de Arges, Paris: P. Geuthner 1931, 128 [], pl. LXVIII 1-2 []).
1: 2:
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, , ,
., : , () . () , [. 2.3; . 4].
1. . - () , . [. 3]: - , -
(2:1-5)22, , , ( 2:6-11) [. 2.3; . 4]; , (), , - : 1) ( 6:41) = ( 6:11) 2) - [. 2.4], 3) , - 4) 23. : - , , (), -, , = -
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24, 25, , , -, 26. [. 5] - 27,
24 - , (. 1:17; 5:9) , . , , (2:3-5) : !(2:5) .
25 , (2:2,11), , , , (13:23) (. 21:20-22): , (13:24), , (18:15), - (19:26,36), , (20:4). () (), (21): -, , , (21:24). , , -
: = , , , .
26 , (2:8), (2:9), (2:10). , , , . , = (In Jo. 2 PG73.229B), .
27 , : , , , =, (2:1,5,8).
(2:6), = (. 1:17; 19:34), (2:5) (2:8-10) . : ,
4: 5:
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28, a: a (?) . , , - - , = , - , - .
2.2. - 29
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30
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28 (2:1), , (2:8) , , . , , , . ,
, , , (. 22), , : ,, , (2:6), , , (, ) , , (. 24:12); , , , , , , , (. 2:19-22), , , ( , 1 2:4-5) . , , , = : , , , , (2:1-12) (2:13-22) , (4:24)
. , , , , : , , , () , , , ? , , , , , - ( : R. Temple,Iconsand the Mystical Origins of Christianity, Luzac Oriental 2000, 135-43).
29 , , - , , . ,
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28
: (1884-1976)31 (1884-1973)32. , -
(Religionsgeschichte) , - 33, - , -a 34. ,
, . P. Gardner-Smith (1888-1985) , , : Where the Fourth Gospel differs
from the Synoptics it may henceforth be wise to treat its testimony with rather more respect than it has latelyreceived, and perhaps in not a few cases it may prove to be right. Saint John and the Synoptics, Cambridge:CUP 1938, 97. , - , . : . Blinzler,Johannes und die Synoptiker, SBS5, Stuttgart 1965; E. F. Siegman, St. Johns Use of the Synoptic Material, CBQ 30 (1968), 182-198; J. D.Dvorak, The Relationship between John and the Synoptic Gospels, JETS 41 (1998), 201-213; D. M. Smith,John among the Gospels, Columbia 22001; M. Labahn M. Lang,Johannes und die Synoptiker, : J. Frey U. Schnelle (Hg.), Kontexte des Johannesevangeliums, Tbingen: hr 2004, 443-515. : . J.A.T. Robinson (1919-1983) The Priority of John, Oak Park [IL]: Meyer-Stone Books1987,
Klaus Berger (1940-):Im Anfang war Johannes,Datierung und Theologie des viertenEvangeliums, Gtersloher Verlagshaus 22003.31R. Bultmann,Das Evangelium des Johannes, KEK 2, Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1941, 191968.32C. H. Dodd,Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel1953;Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel1963.33 . (die religionsgeschichtliche Schule)
, : W. Bousset, Kyrios Christos. Geschichte des Christusglaubens von denAnfngen des Christentums bis Irenus, Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1913, XX , (Urmensch), , , W. Bauer-:Das Johannesevangelium, HNT 6, Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck 21925.
34 (1925), : Die Bedeutung der neuerschlossenen mandischen und manichischen Quellen fr das Verstndnis
des Johannesevangeliums, ZNW 24 (1925), 100-146. (1868-1928) (M. Lidzbarski [.], Mand-ische Liturgien, Berlin 1920.), (1861-1931) (R. Reitzenstein, Die Gttin Psyche in der hel-lenistischen und frhchristlichen Literatur, SHAW 1917;Das mandische Buch des Herrn der Gre unddie Evangelienberlieferung,SHAW 1919; IranischerErlsungsglaube, ZNW 20 [1921], 1-23), , (der gnostische Erlsermythos): Die Hauptabsicht der vorausgehenden Ausfhrungenist erreicht, wenn deutlich geworden ist, da das JohEv den skizzierten Erlsungsmythos voraussetzt und nurauf seinem Hintergrund verstndlich ist (Bedeutung, 139). (103-104), , (1:1-18), , (die Lichtfunken)
, , der erlste Erlser (104). , , , ,
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35, religions-geschichtlich - 36, . , ,
, - 37, - : , - , , 38.
, , par exellence ,
() , 39, = -, , . , 40,
. : C. Colpe, Die religionsgeschich-tliche Schule:Darstellung und Kritik ihres Bildes vom gnostischen Erlsermythus, Gottingen: Vandenhoeck& Ruprecht 1961; E. M. Yamauchi,Pre-Christian Gnosticism: A Survey of the Proposed Evidences, Grand
Rapids: Baker 21983.35 , , J. A. Bhner : Der Weg Jesu im vierten Evangelium
entspricht dem Weg des gnostischen Gesandten, den Bultmann in 27 Stationen zergliedert. Der Gesandteund sein Weg im 4. Evangelium: die kultur- und religionsgeschichtlichen Grundlagen der johanneischenSendungschristologie sowie ihre traditionsgeschichtliche Entwicklung, Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 1977, 25.
36, (Johannes, 83): Zweifellos ist die Geschichte aus heidnischerLegende bernommen und auf Jesus bertragen worden. In der Tat ist das Motiv der Geschichte, dieVerwandlung des Wassers in Wein, ein typisches Motiv der Dionysos-Legende.
37 , : C.H. Dodd, The Bible and the Greeks, London: Hodder & Stoughton 1935.
38Dodd, Gospel, 55. , , may have been a parable, in which, as in other parables, the setting was
a wedding feast. Dodd,Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel, Cambridge: CUP 1963, 227.39 , (1898-1973), religionsgeschichtlich : H. Odeberg, The Fourth Gospel: Interpreted in Its Relation toContemporaneous Religious Currents in Palestine and the Hellenistic-Oriental World, Chicago 1968.
40 , - . , j- , , , : E. C. Hoskyns [1884-1937], The Fourth Gospel, London: Faber and Faber 1940, 21947) E. Ksemann [1906-1998],Jesu letzterWille nach Johannes 17, Tbingen: Mohr Siebeck 1966. , ,
, : , (!) . : E. Kse-mann, Ketzer und Zeuge. Zum johanneischen Verfasserproblem, ZThK 48 (1951), 292311.
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30
, - , , -
, - . 1968. ,
, (1925-)41, - [Union Theological Seminary] . , - ( 9:1-41) - (. 46-66), -
- (9:22; . 12:42, 16:2): , .42 43, - 44, - 45: ,
41J. L. Martyn,History and Theology in the Fourth Gospel, Nashville: Abingdon 1968, 32003.42 ()
( 90. . ) II . (Berakoth28b), () .Birkath ha-Minim ) ), (Ami-dah Shemoneh Esre), , , , , (Berakoth28b): , Birkat ha-Minim . , , K. L. Carroll Birkath ha-Minim(The Fourth Gospel and the Exclusion of Christians from the Synagogues, BJRL 40 [1957-58], 19-32), . W. Wrede
(Charakter und Tendenz des Johannes-evangeliums,SGV 37, Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 1903, 30), , G. Forkman Birkath ha-Minim , 9:22; 12:42; 16:2 (The Limits of the Religious Community:Expulsion from the Religious Community within the Qumran Sect, within Rabbinic Judaism, and within Primi-tive Christianity,CBNTS 5 1972, 90-92), , .
43 , , : , , (. Sanhedrin39b). , (?), .(). : D. Sperber, Min, EJ 263-264
44 (. 64-66) (17, 108), (17) (108).
45 , :
, , (14:12) , (9:1-5),
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Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12) 31
- , - , two-level 46.
, (2003.) () , , 47, , - , - : 9 , , .48 , , , -
, , , - , , :
1) , - , -
, - 49. , XX , -
(9:4):
. : , : On the contrary, his going to the Fatherinaugurates a time in which his followers do his works. Indeed, 9:4a leads us to see this continuation of Jesusworks as an activity of the Risen Lord in the deeds of Christian witnesses (History and Theology, 38-39). ,
.46: 1) , ,
, , 2) , , (9:22), , , = , . : . , (. 10:46-52; 9:27-31; 20:29-34; 18:35-43).
47 (1921-2009), a
[Holy Cross] , , , : S. Agourides,Structure and Theology in the Gospel of John, GOTR 47 (2002), 111-137:118, 124.
48 W. A. Meeks: Breaking Away: Three New Testament Pictures of Christianitys Separation fromthe Jewish Communities, : J. Neusner E. S. Frerichs (.), "To See Ourselves as Others See Us":Christians,Jews, "Others" in Late Antiquity, StH9 (1985), 93-115:95. , (1932-) (102): , I ; ,
; , . P. Schfer, , : Die sogannante Synode von Jabne, : , Studien
zur Geschichte und Theologie des Rabbinischen Judentums, AGJU 15, Leiden: Brill 1978, 45-55.49 , , - ,
-
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32
, , , - 50, -
. , , () two-level - 51, a XX (1902-1999)52 (1905-1974)53. - 54, , -
(19:38; 20:19), :
Klaus Wengst (1942-) Bedrngte Gemeinde und verherrlichter Christus: der historische Ort desJohannesevangeliums als Schlussel zu seiner Interpretation(BThST 5, Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Ver-lag 1981) : = [ ] , , , I ; , WalterSchmithals (1923-2009), , : Johannesevangelium und Johannesbriefe. Forschungsgeschichte und Analyse, BZNW64, Berlin New York 1992. , , : , , Martin Hengel (1926-2009) Die johanneische Frage: ein Losungsversuch, WUNT 67,Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 1993, Richard Bauckham (1946-) (sectarian) , The Gospels for All Christi-ans: Rethinking the Gospel Audiences, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 1998. , A. J. Kostenberger, Encountering John: The Gospel in Historical, Literary,and Theological Perspective, Grand Rapids [MI]: Baker Books 1999; C. Blomberg, The Historical Reliabil-ity of Johns Gospel: Issues & Commentary, Downers Grove [IL]: InterVarsity Press 2002 , , . , , , , , .
50 , : J. L. Martyn,Source criticism and Religionsgeschichte in the Fourth Gospel,Perspective11 (1970), 247-273.
51 . : R.Bultmann, Theology of the New Testament, London New York 1952, 1.144-151.
52
O. Cullmann, Urchristentum und Gottesdienst, AThANT 3, Basel Zrich 1944-1950 = . Cullmann,Early Christian Worship, London: SCM Press 1953 =. , , . . . , : 2010. . :H. Sahlin,Zur Typologie des Johannesevangeliums, Uppsala: Lundequistska Bokhandeln 1950.
53J. Danilou,Bible Et Liturgie; La Thologie Biblique Des Sacraments Et Des Fetes Daprs Les PresDe LEglise, Paris: ditions du Cerf 1951 =, , 2009 (. . 4).
54 [Hans Lietzmann] (1875-1942) , - (: H. Lietzmann, Messe und Herrenmahl. Eine Studie zur Geschichte der Litur-gie, Bonn: A. Marcus und E. Webers Verlag 1926), , : , , , , (, 8-9); , ,
, . ( ),
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Aqua et vinum: ( 2:1-12) 33
55 , , - , , -
56
. , - , - , , - , - , , , - , 57.
2) , , , - , , , . ,
( ), .
55, (, 39) [ ]: . , ... . ,
. , Danilou (Bible, 208-209 =, 166) []: ne of the gains of contemporary exegesis is to have shown how the Gospels are lled with allusions tothe sacraments. As we love to see the Gospels, not only as being historical documents on the life of Christ, butalso as being the expression of the faith and life of the Christian community, they seem to be constructed ontwo planes. The realities of the life of Christ in His earthly existence become also gures of His glorious lifein the Church, particularly as this is expressed in her sacramental life. So the allusions to the living water, orto washings, to the ears of wheat rubbed in the hand, or to the multiplications of the bread, take on baptismaland Eucharistic echoes... Thus, the Gospel of St. John gives us a symbolism on three levels : the life of Christ isprojected against the background of Exodus, and becomes also the gure of the sacramental life of the Church.
56,, 66-71; Danilou,Bible, 215-221 =, 172-176. , (. 40 . 69-70) , IV , 63. .
57 ,
, , [ ] (1945-) , : ,Lex Orandi. , . . , 2006, 109-120. , (111-116), , (. . 6:53); , , , ... (. 116), (117-119), (!) . : .. ,
. , , , .. (115-116).
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34
, () (1928-1998)58, -
59
: , (theologicalmotifs), , , 60. , , XX , (1914-2002)61, , 62. , :
58R. E. Brown, The Gospel According to John, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday 1966-1970. , , (John 1.lxxiv-lxxv). , , , The Community of the Beloved Disciple. The Life, Loves, and Hates of an IndividualChurch in New Testament Times, New York: Paulist Press 1979; : The Epistles of John, AB 30,Garden City, NY: Doubleday 1982.
59 , [Society of BiblicalLiterature] 20. 1982. , Anchor Bible commentary , , W. F. Albright(1891-1971) , .
, , (1:1). , , , (1.xxi-xxii). : T. L. Brodie, The GospelAccording to John. A Literary and Theological Commentary, New York: OUP 1997, 5.
60 , The Johannine sacramentary reconsidered, TS23 (1962), 183-206, (Sacramentalism, 1.cxi-cxiv), on no other point of Johannine thought is there such sharp division among scholars as thereis on the question of sacramentalism (1.cxi), (1.109-110): Possibly, anothersubordinate theological motif in the Johannine scene is sacramental; our general cautions about Johanninesacramentality.. would lead us to insist, however, that if there is eucharistic symbolism, it is incidental andshould not be exaggerated.. Such symbolism would be secondary, for the primary meaning of the wine isclearly Jesus gift of salvation, for which light, water, and food are other Johannine symbols.
61R. Schnackenburg, Das Johannesevangelium I IV, Freiburg (i. Br.) Basel: Herder 1965-1984.
XVI (1925-), probably the most prominent Catholic exegete writing in Germanduring the second half of the twentieth century Jesus of Nazareth. From the Baptism in the Jordan to theTransguration, New York: Doubleday 2007, 11. , historical Jesus, , , : Jesusin the Gospels: A Biblical Christology (Louisville: WJKP 1995), whotoday have been made insecure by scientic research and critical discussion, so that they may hold fast to faithin the person of Jesus Christ as the bringer of salvation and Savior of the world (. x). ,. -. can be only inadequately achieved (316), tradition and redactionhistory that never comes to rest (318).
62: Die sakramentale Deutung verengt unntig den Blick, wenn die Sakramente auch alslebenspendende Mittel von der Gabe Jesu nicht ausgeschlossen sind (I.342). ,
, , o fhrt notwendig zu einer berfremdung oder Verzerrung des Evangeliums Das erste Wunder Jesu (Joh. 2, 1-11), Freiburg: Herder 1951, 13-14.
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(1914-2006), 63, (1917-)64, (1928-)65,
, (1927-)66
. , , : , (1960-)67, ()
- 68, , (1948-)69, , , 70.
71
63L. Morris, The Gospel According to John. The English Text with Introduction, Exposition and Notes ,Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 1971 = L. Morris,Ivan, Novi Sad 1988.
64Ch. K. Barrett, The Gospel According to Saint John: An Introduction with Commentary and Notes onthe Greek Text, London: S.P.C.K. 1972. , (: 1. Apol., 54, Trypho, 69), (: Euripides,Bacchae 704-7;Athanaeus i, 61[34a]; Pausanias vi, xxvi, 1f), (188).
65U. Wilckens,Das Evangelium nach Johannes, NTD 4, Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1998. (350 .), (. 59): Doch die Verwandlung von Wasser in Wein legt es nahe, darin nicht nur die Heilsfulle, die inder Taufe in Jesu Namen zuteil wird, symbolisiert zu sehen, sondern im Wein zugleich einen Hinweis auf dieeucharistische Mahlfeier zu erkennen, so daB 2,1-11 eng mit Joh 6 zusammenzusehen ist.
66H. Thyen,Das Johannesevangelium, Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck 2005. : (151), , (Luxuswunder!) , ( 2:18-21).
67C. S. Keener, The Gospel of John: A Commentary, I-II, Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson Publishers 2003.68, , (1.492-516)
, .
69M. Theobald,Das Evangelium nach Johannes, RNT 4, Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet 2009.70, , , ,
, (200-222).71 , , , -
, , , , , .
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, - . .2
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, , , - . - - - .
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* . 179078 : - -, , .
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, 20. 21. , - . -
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- .3) . -
, .3
(), - () . -
. , , , . .
? . . - . ? - - .
- . . .
.4
- (authorial text) (initial text). - , (. Ausgangstext)
. continuum , ,
3 CNTTS(Center for New Testament Textual Studies).
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. - , - . ,
- , .5 - -, , .6 .
, , , , . . ,
(. . 5,1 , . : [ ] ).
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, , . -
, , - . - .7CBGM Novum Testamentum: Editio Critica Maior(ECM).
5, Is Living Text Compatible with Initial Text? Editing the Gospel of John, : K. Wachtel M.W. Holmes (.), The Textual History of the Greek New Testament: Changing Views in Contemporary Re-search, SBL, Atlanta 2011, 13-21. a single original text (21).
. , . H. Strutwolf, Original Textand Textual History, Textual History, 2341: As long as we have no evidence that suggest a radical breakin the textual transmission between the authors text and the initial text of our tradition, the best hypothesisconcerning the original text still remains the reconstructed archetype to which our manuscript tradition andthe evidence of early translations and the citations point. . () 200 300 . , , , . .
6. , . : , : . (.), . 12, 2012, 32-33.
7
. , CBGM G. Mink,Contamination, Coherence, and Coincidence in Textual Transmission: The Coherence-Based GenealogicalMethod (CBGM) as a Complement and Corrective to Existing Approaches, in: Textual History, 141216.
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CBGM . .8 . CBGM . ECM , 28. - .
, -
, . , , , , - . , .9 -
. -, . , , - . : , .10 , , . - ,
, . , , -, , . , , . , -, . ., - - 28 ? - , -
, , . , - -? - . . , , -
8 http://www.unimuenster.de/INTF/cbgm_presentation/download.htlm9. , . :
, : . (.), .
11, 2012, 34-36.10Parker, Textual Criticism, 587: We do not have a text received by the church, but one producedwithin the church.
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. , -, .11 ,
, - , , , . - .
- . -
, . - , , , - . . , , . -
(. 22,4: ,
[ ] []) (. 1 7,5: [ ]) [], . 9,29). , , - . , - , -
. 18,17. : [ ] -
[]. , (). lectio brevior. , - . . , , . , , , , . .
11 I. D. Karavidopoulos, The Ecumenical Patriarchates 1904 New Testament Edition and FuturePerspectives, Sacra Scripta1 (2012), 12-13.
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, , : 1) (18,12.14.15.16), . . 17
, , 2) . 17 inclusio . 12, - - .12 . , - , . - , , . .
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. , - -
., -
, - .
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13 , .
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. , - - , , :
, , , , -, , .
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,
, . (8. ), (384-322. ) (-), , , 12. - , , 13.
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, , - . , -
, , 19, , , . , - -
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, , , (260-339/340)24, , , - () (330-360/370), -
. , ,
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