A analytical research paper ------

Topic :

The application of artificial intelligence methods in sustainable rural planning

Speaker :

Ya-Han Hsieh

題目 : 人工智慧運用於永續農村之規畫 講者 : 謝雅涵

99 下英文書報課程

Key words  :  Sustainable rural planning, Rural Regeneration Act, Geographic Information System (GIS), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Cellular Automata (CA)

標題頁 (Title Page)

內文架構

Abstract 摘要Introduction 引言Body 主文

目錄 Table of Contents :

Conclusions 結論Reference 參考文獻

99 下英文書報課程目錄 (Table of Contents)

主文 Body1

主文 Body2

論文結構 Paper structure

本文結構 Article structure

實驗流程 Experiment process

研究動機與目的研究範圍與方法

崙的形成

文獻回顧

西部沿海農村景觀風貌 研究範圍資料收集

研究方法GIS 地理資訊系統 ( 資料庫建立 )

ANN 模擬模型建立 ( 未來聚落發展評估 )

CA 細胞自動機 ( 顯化模擬模型方式 )

農村規劃

問題與對策結論與建議

99 下英文書報課程論文結構 (Paper structure)論文結構 Paper structure :

本文結構 Article structure :

Absract 摘要 : 研究範圍與對象 + 研究方法與目標Interduction 前言 : 時代背景與動機 + ‘’ 崙’’基本介紹Body ------ 主文 1 : 概要研究目標、對象、方法 主文 2 : 研究方法說明Conclusion 結論 : 證實聚落發展和環境脈絡關係 + 農村規畫新策略方法之提供

99 下英文書報課程論文結構 (Article structure)

Abstract: Sustainable rural planning is an important issue of Taiwanese government in recent years. As literatures pointed out that Lun is one kind of landscapes on coastal plains in western Taiwan, and the rural villages’ development nearby coastal regions were affected by Luns’ distribution. The experiment in this research targets Hsiao-Jen community, Taiwan.The goal of this research is to establish the simulation model, which is combined with techniques of GIS (Geographic Information System) and ANN (Artificial Neural Network), and to analyze the following two objectives; First, determining whether the rural villages’ development on coastal plains in western Taiwan is related to Luns; Second, establishing the probability simulation model to assess where are the appropriate regions to future rural developing for the notion of environmental sustainability.

摘要 (Abstract) 99 下英文書報課程

Article structure : (Range and target of this experiment ) + (main methods and goal in this research )

摘要 : 農村永續規劃是臺灣政府這幾年一個很重要的議題。文獻指出’’崙’’是一種臺灣西部沿海平原的一種地景，而沿海平原的農村聚落發展是受到崙的分布所影響的。本研究之研究對象是位於臺灣的’’霄仁厝’’ 。本研究之研究目標為建立模擬模型，此模型是將地理資訊系統 (GIS) 與人工智慧網(ANN) 結合，去分析以下兩目標 : 1) 測定’’崙’’是否為臺灣西部沿海的農村聚落發展有關； 2) 建立模擬模型展示之可能性用以評估未來聚落適合發展的區域是否符合環境永續的概念下。

內文結構 : ( 研究範圍與對象 ) + ( 研究方法與目標 )

摘要 (Abstract) 99 下英文書報課程

Introduction : The environmental sustainability in town and country planning is a global issue. Taiwanese government had enacted the “Rural Regeneration Act” for sustainable development of Taiwanese rural regions. This Act claims that the sustainable development of rural regions should be emphasized synchronously in three directions, which are rural production, rural livelihood and rural ecology (Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 2010). Many important rural villages are distributed on the western side of Taiwan. Because Taiwan is an island-country, coastal village is one of the typical types of Taiwanese rural villages.

  Some literature pointed out that Lun is one kind of landscapes on coastal plains in western Taiwan (Liu, 1975; Chen, 1994). Lun is a kind of highland which is formed by natural ancient waterway and wind power over time. The features of Lun are that it can provide habitat for many species, and it can also be protective barriers against both winter monsoon and powerful sea wind. Thus many literatures describe that the rural villages’ development nearby coastal regions in western Taiwan were affected by Luns’ distribution (Fan, 2009).  

前言 (Introduction) 99 下英文書報課程

Article structure : (Time background and research motive) + (Basic introduction of Lun)

前言 : 永續環境的都市與鄉村規劃是全世界的議題。臺灣政府因永續發展而頒布了’’農村再生條例’’ ，此條款要求農村之永續發展應該要同時強調三個層面，生產、生活、生態 ( 行政院農委會， 2010) 。臺灣有許多重要的農村分佈在西部，臺灣為海島型國家，沿海平原農村即是一種臺灣典型農村。 文獻指出文獻指出’’崙’’是一種臺灣西部沿海平原的一種地景，而沿海平原的農村聚落發展是受到’’崙’’的分布所影響 ( 劉， 1975 ；陳， 1994) 。’’崙’’是一種因舊時水路和風堆積作用所產生之高地，其特色是提供了許多生物的棲地，也阻隔了冬季季風和強烈海風。因此許多文獻描述臺灣西部沿海平原的農村聚落發展是受到’’崙’’的分佈 ( 范， 2009) 。

前言 (Introduction) 99 下英文書報課程

內文結構 : ( 時代背景與動機 ) + (‘’ 崙’’基本介紹 )

Body1 : The goal of this research is to establish the simulation model, which is combined with techniques of GIS (Geographic Information System) and ANN (Artificial Neural Network), and to analyze the following two objectives; First, determining whether the rural villages’ development on coastal plains in western Taiwan is related to Luns; Second, establishing the probability simulation model to assess where are the appropriate regions to future rural developing for the notion of environmental sustainability.The experiment in this research targets Hsiao-Jen community, Mailiao Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan, because there are many Luns in different sizes in this area. The local residents view Luns as the holy sign and they are not allowed to destroy Luns. The main methods in this research are GIS and ANN. GIS is a technique of data bases which is generally applied in some disciplines of environment researches. The characteristic of GIS is that it can combine graphic data and numeric data, which then provide direct visual results while practicing either data analyzing or result demonstrating in experiment (Tomlinson, Roger F. 2007).        

主文 (Body) 99 下英文書報課程

Article structure : (Goal 、 target and main methods of this experiment in this research )

日治時期臺灣堡圖 :

主文 1 :本研究之研究目標為建立模擬模型，此模型是將地理資訊系統 (GIS) 與人工智慧網 (ANN) 結合，去分析以下兩目標 : 1) 測定’’崙’’是否為臺灣西部沿海的農村聚落發展有關； 2) 建立模擬模型展示之可能性用以評估未來聚落適合發展的區域是否符合環境永續的概念下。本研究之研究對象為臺灣省雲林縣麥寮鄉霄仁厝，因為霄仁厝有許多不同尺寸的’’崙’’ 。當地居民將’’崙’’視為神聖的象徵，不得去破壞。本研究方法主要是 GIS 和 ANN ， GIS是一種廣泛被運用於環境科學研究的數位資料庫之技術， GIS 的特色是能在訓練其他資料分析或是驗證實驗結果時，提供直觀的座標資料與數據資料 (Tomlinson, Roger F ， 2007) 。

主文 (Body) 99 下英文書報課程

內文結構 : ( 概要研究目標、對象、方法 )

Body2 :1) This research applies GIS to register both literature records and site investigation data, so that it can directly reflect geographic regions in experiment processes (Dragicevic S., 2001; Lin, 2007).  2) ANN was also utilized in this research to analyze the environmental variables and establish regressive model to simulate the developing probability of future rural (Bishop, 1995; Duda, Hart and Stork, 2001).  3) In addition, this research used the partial concept of CA (Cellular Automata). That is, we first applied the concept of CA to analogize rural developing as the cell breeding, then the research areas were set as grids before conduct research processes of analyzing and simulating (Li X. and Yeh A. G., 2002; White R. and Engelen G., 2004). 

主文 (Body) 99 下英文書報課程

Article structure : (To introduce the main methods of this experiment )

主文 (Body) 99 下英文書報課程

主文 2 :1) 本研究加入 GIS 以登錄文獻紀錄和現地調查，以直接反應地理區域上實驗之過程 (Dragicevic S., 2001; Lin, 2007) 。2)ANN 也被本研究運用於分析環境變異和建立逆推模型去模擬未來的聚落發展 (Bishop, 1995; Duda, Hart and Stork, 2001) 。3) 此外，本研究運用部分 CA( 細胞自動機 ) 概念。首先，運用 CA 的概念類推農村發展如細胞增殖，接著，在分析與模擬研究步驟前，將研究區置入網格，使其網格化。

內文結構 : ( 研究方法說明 )

Experiment process :

a. 山崙之定義與形成因子b. 聚落之定義a. 研究範圍界定b. 網格

1. GIS

2. ANN3.GA

文獻收集

圖檔建立 發生定居行為不發生定居行為

模型建立評估分析

變數屬性因子

a. 山崙之定義與形成因子b. 聚落之定義1. GIS 文獻收集 變數屬性因子

道路

水路

植栽

地勢

風力

類別 : 0 1 2 3 4 5 變數

0 1 2 3 4 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

GIS 資料庫參數設定 :

名稱 等級 備註地形地貌 地勢高 <---> 地勢低

5 4 3 2 1

風速 風速高 <---> 風速低5 4 3 2 1

水 流速高 <--->流速低 分為流水與靜水5 4 3 2 1

與山崙距離 距離遠 <--->距離近5 4 3 2 1

山崙影響範圍 影響高 <---> 影響低5 4 3 2 1

2. ANN3.GA

Conclusion : The results of the experiment reveal that the profile of rural developing in Hsiao-Jen community is obviously related to the distribution of Luns. And that means the positions of public spaces in Hsiao-Jen community are affected by environment context. The ANN probability model displays the appropriate and inappropriate rural developing regions that can reflect the aspect of environmental sustainability. This research not only presents the results of research area, but also provides one with assessing solution for rural planning. This solution provides more efficient way for rural planners and region development policies makers and respects the value of environmental sustainability.

結論 (Conclusion) 99 下英文書報課程

Article structure : (To establish that rural development is affected by environment context) +(To provide the

new methods and device of rural planning)

結論 (Conclusion) 99 下英文書報課程

結論 :本研究結果展現霄仁厝的農村發展是如何明顯的與’’崙’’的分佈相關，也就是意味著霄仁社區之公共空間的位置是受到環境脈絡影響的。 ANN 的機率模型展示了適合與不適合農村發展的區域，也反應了環境永續的方向。本研究不只呈獻研究領域的結果，也提供了農村規畫的問題解套價值，這些解套方法提供農村規畫者和地方政府一套更有效率的方向，而且尊重環境永續的價值。

內文結構 : ( 證實聚落發展和環境脈絡關係 ) +( 農村規畫新策略方法之提供 )

Reference 參考文獻 :

(1)Hui-Jan Fan << A Study of the Spatial Distribution and Land Use Chang of Lun in Chang-Hua Areas >> 

(2) 林裕彬、鄧東波、曾正輝 <<2001 以地理資訊系統及地理統計於空間分析之研究 >> 

(3)經濟部水利處《濁水溪流域整體治理初步調查規劃（調查篇）》 (4)洪敏麟《臺灣舊地名之治革》 (5)周俊德《中部地區近地面平均風場之建構與其在近地面臭氧分佈之相關分析》 (6)台灣省農林廳《雲林縣農地利用綜合規劃報告》 (7)張瑞津《濁水溪平原之砂丘與地名》 (8)張瑞津《濁水溪平原的地勢分析與地形變遷》 (9)Dragicevic, S., (2001). Space, time, and dynamics modeling in historical GIS databases: a fuzzy logic approach. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, vol. 28, pp. 545-562.(10)日治時期臺灣堡圖