372 rJtalla 13. LlorollopllblC 06H:iaTCJlbl:TlJa II MCII<liYllapOI\IIOM rpa)I<I\alll:I<OM OOOPOTl'

HOM <pOpMe cJJ:eJIOK, ,n:Ol1ycKae1'C5I l1C110Jlb30BaHl1e l1pHCOBeprneHl1H cJJ:eJIO~

3JIeI<TpOHHO-Ul1<ppOBOM 110Al1HCl1 JII160 YIHOrO aHaJIOra c06c1'BeHHopy'n-rOH

nOJJ:l1I1cI1 B CJIy'Ia5IX H B 110p51JJ:Ke, npeJJ:ycMo1'peHI-Iblx 3aKoHoM, HHbIMI1

l1paBOBbIMH aI<TaMH l1JII1 cor.lIarneI-IHeM c:rOpOH:

§ 4. KOHBeHlI;luI OOH ° lJ,OrOBOpaxMe)KlJ,yHapOlJ,HOH KynJIH-npOlJ,a)KH TOBapoB 1980 r.

H BonpocbI yHH<pHKaI(HH MaTepHaJIbHoro npaBa

Me)KlJ,yHapOlJ,HbIX KOMMep1.IeCKHX lJ,OrOBOpoB

1. C Me)KJJ:YHap0JJ:I-IOM KYnJlei;j--npOl~a)KeI;'I - HI-IC1'H1'yTOM, HaH60Iree

pacrrpoCTp;;i.HeHHbIM B Me)K,n:YI-Iap0J(J-IOM KOMMeptleCKOM 060pOTC, CB}J3aHO

HaH60nee cyrueCfBeHI-IOe rrpOlJ:BHlIWI-!Me B yJ-IHc]JHKaUJH1 Ma1'epH.a.7TbHbIX

HOpM MeIK,n:yHapOJJ:Horo 'IaC1'Horo rrpaBa. Ba)KHhIM lUarOM n ;:)TOlV~.I-Janpan-

.1IeHHl1 5IBHIlaCb KOHBeI-IUH5I 001-1 0 JJ:Ol'OBOpaX Me)Kl\YHapO/J:lIOH KynIll1-

rrpOlla)Kl1 1'OBapon 1980 1'.1 '.

IIPHH5I1'HIO KOHBeHUl1l1 npeJJ:lUec1'BoBana Haqa1'a5L eu.\e 8 1930 r. Me)K-

.ll.yHapo,n:lIbIM HHC1'I11'y1'OM no yl'!MCpHKaUHH llaC1'Horo npana B PHMC lf01J:-

r01'OBKa yI-IH<pHUHpoBaHHblx npaBMJl, perJIaMeHTMpYIOl~l1X MC)Kl~~Hal~ol~-

HyIO KynJlIo-npoJJ:a)Ky. JIHlUb nOCJIe :3aBepmel-lH51 BTOpOH MI1POBO~1 130HHbl

::na pa60Ta JJ:a.lIa C130H pe3YIlb1'a1'hl. IIpoeKT npaBMII 06cY)Kl~aJLC51 C 1~,51 r.

Ha CeCCH51X [aarcI<OM KOH<pepeI-IJJ:I'lH, 6bLil nepepa60TaI-1 ~nelJ:HaJlbiiOH KO-

MHCCl1eM » ony6JUlKOnaH n 1956 1'. I-Ia era OCHOBe 6bTJIJ1 pa3pa60Tal-1 bl H

1 HIOn51 1964 1'. rrpJ1H51TbI KOI-IBeHUH51 0 eJJ:Hl-1006pa3HoM 3aKOlIe 0 3aKJUO-

'leHHH l~oroBopoB 0 MeIK,n:YHapo,n:r-Ioi;j- KynI[e-npoJJ:aJI(e 1'OBapOB ([aarCKa5I

KOI-IBeHUH5I 0 3aKlIIO'leHHH ,n:oroBopoB 1964 1'.) J1 KOtIBeHJJ:H5l 0 C/J:HHo06-

pa3HoM 3aKor-re 0 MeJI(,n:yHapom-roii KynJle-rrpo,n:a)Ke TOBapoB ([aarcJ<a51

KOHBeHUl151 0 Kyrr.TIe-rrpO.ll.a)Ke 1964 r.). 06e KOtIBeHUl'lH O1'pa)KaJIJ1 «r.7Ian-

HbIM 06pa30M npaBoBble' 1'paJJ:HJJ:HH 11 3KOHOMWleCKHe pea.JIMH KOT-TTHHeH-

TaJIbHbIX C1'paH 3ana,n:HoM EBponbI»2 J1 He HawnH lllJ1pOKOrO npJ13HaI-lJUI.

31'HM 06'b51CH51I01'C51 I1HHUHa1'l1BbI KOMI1CCI1I1 OaR no npany Me)K,n:yHa-

1 I(OlllJClllIi'lfl Ilpi'l115ITa lIa :JaI<JIIO'"';TCJlbl 10M :Jal:CI\alli'l~1 I(OllljlCpCIII\I'li'I 001\ 1I01\O!'O-

1l0paM MC)I(IIYliapOlllloi1I(yrIJLi'I-lIpOI\a)I<~1 TOllapOl1llllcliC 11 allpcJI5I1980 1".,IlnYlll-IJIa Il l:i'lJIY

1 711l1lapH 19881". IIMI rOl:YI\apcrl1, KOTOphlC lIa ,wy ILaTY paTL1l!mLLl-lpOllaJI>I cc I-IJIH Ilpl'ICOCI\>I-

IHlJli'lCb 1< IIci1. CCCP npi'lCOCI~i'lIIi'lJICH IC I(OllllClIlll-li'l C l' CCIITH6pH 1991 1".II 1!(!i?MOl:TI-I .

, CCCP 1990 I". .N~23. Cr. 428; Il 1(011IlCIIII>I~1 I«IIC I-Ol:YIlapcrllo - IIpOllOJl)lCaTCJlh CCCP Y'ia-

l:TIlYCT Poc<.:Yli1cl<a51(\)cILepaLLH,1. 110 wnO,lllHIO Iia 26 >I1011H200'\1". Il KOIIIlCIII.ii'll-l Y'I<ll:Tllyc:r

62 rocYI\apCTLla (i'la 'I>lCJla 6blIJLUHX l:OI03llhIX PCCIIY?JI11K lIapHILY l: POel:HHl:KO>l (\):llcpallI1cH

Y'laCTIIi'lI«IMi'I 1(011Llelll il-iH HIJJI,II0TCfl \jCJIOPYl:l:11H, IPy:I>lH, JlaTIJHH, Jlwl"IJa, KHpl H.JI'If!, MOJI-

l.laIlH5I, Yl<pai'llla, Y:16eI<Hcral-l, 3crOIII'I}I). -

2 I.lcllCI<afl 1<OIILlCIHl11H0 I\Ol"0110pax MC)I</\YllapOlllIo~i I<YllJlI-I-IlpOI\all<>1 TOllapOIl. I(OM-

MellTapl1i1. C. 2n.

pOJJ:HOH 1'opronJIH, I-lanpan.TIeT-IHble r-ra C03,n:aHHe yI-IJ.1nepCaJIbHOii KOHneT-I-

UI1I1, KaKOi;j- 5lBHJraCb KOl-meJ-Il\H51 OOE 0 ,n:oronopax Me)K1J:YHapO,n:HOi;j-

KyI1JIH-np01J:a)KH TOBapOB 1980 r.

KOT-lBCI-lLIH51 I1pl1.MeI-I5leTC5J K l~orOBopaM KYl1.JIH-npOL~a)KI1 TOBapOB

Me,)K1J:Y C1'OpOnaMI1, KOMMep'lCCKHC n PC/U1PH5lTH51 KOTOpb[X l-LaXOll5l1'C5I B

pa3HbIX rocylJ:apC"rBax. HaXOJICaelLUe IWMA-t.ep'leCKUX npeanpwlmuu cmopOll

a pa311'b1X zocyaapcmaax 06po3yem OC7lOu/IOU npU3llaK, OrnJlU'-lCl10UJ,uii MeJIC-

aYllapOallYIO IC,Yl7Jll0-npOamIC.lf om «IJllympell1leiJ ». 3Ha'leT-me 31'01'01 Lpl'13ILa-

Ka KaK K13a.7IHCI1Hl\l1pYlOUJ,ero /~.n51OTlICCClliHI I(YILJIH-npOL~a)KH K MenC/\Ylla-

pOlIuoi-i nO/~lICpr<H:BaCTC5J H TCM, 'ITO llU llau,U01IOJlblW5l npu.HaaJleJICIIocm·b

CmOp07-l, llU ux ZpaJICaallc/Wu UJlU mopZOllhiU cmamyc, 1IU. zpaJICaallC1cuii U-JlU

mopzowbtii xapmcmep aOWllopa lie npUllllAW10mC51 00 II1I't/AtCll-lue n])u o1'lpeae-

Jle1l1lU- nplIAWlluAtOCmu /{OllaellLt,UU. IlpH ::JTOM TepMHH «KOMMCpqCCKOC

npelJ,JLpHilTI1C» 0603ml'-laCT llC Cy6'bCL<T LlpaBa <1.,KaK MOJKI-IO :'laKJILO'IHTh H:l

COnOCT<lIlJICIIH51 LIO.lTO)KCHI'Li:LI(OLLBCIII\HH, - nOCTOHIIHoe MCCTO OCYLL\CCT-

n.nen IHI l-IC.lL013bIXoncpa L\11j:LI. '

To 06CT051TC.lL bCTBO, 'ITO KOMMCp'ICCI(I'IC LLPC/IL1PJ15lTH51 CTOpOIf Ilaxo-

,n:5ITC5I 8 pa:lllblX I'OCY/lapCI'I3i:lX, 5iHJI5JCTC5LOCILOl3allHeM /\.1151"PHMCILCILIUl

KOHnellLlVlH 1980 1'. 13CJLY'L<l~X, Ko/do ;-Jl17l1l-oc.'Iaapcm.aa I7jJUlIaaJle;)/(;am /{

J/.owaapuuwoLU,UAU;5l zocyaafJCI7'IWIJH U.l1lI /COI-/hl, CO%JtaC/lO1l0P.MClM ;\1.e:)//,'0.'lI/(l-

poallow 'I./,acm.lIOZO llpcwa, 117IUA-te'llllAW niJCUJo /(0?QeapwlCl1oZlt,ezoc5l l-oc.ydrl!J-

emcw.

KOHBCUL \1'151IIpHl-laeT B<1JKIIOC 311a'JCLLIIC Cyo-bCKTH BIIOMY I-IaYa.lly - OC-

nelIOMJlCililOCTH CTOpOU 0 c[>aKTC LLaXOIK/lClllUI KOMMep'JCCK~IX lIpC/\IIPH-

5I1'Hi-i B pa:mblX rOCY1~apC"rBax lIe LLO:3I\H 'C, 'LeM lIaMOMCHT 3aK.11l0'LCIlI'15L

,n:orOBopa. /(aUHbJj,j cl)aKT HC UpHI-LHMaCTC5L 130 BLLHMaHl'le, eC.JIL13TO lIC 81>1-

TeKaeT f~H 1'13l~or080pa, HH VIS HMCI3l.Lli'IX 1VrCCTOl-~O H.7IH 13MOMCUT CI'O 3a-

KJUO'IeH H51 llCJLOBbJX OTlJOWel-m i-i. 1'L.JlH06Mewl H IJcj)OpMaJ~Hcj,j MC)K/\Y c-fO-

pOHaMJ1.

jif.3 CCpepbJ 1_~eikTBH5J KOUI3Cl-ll\J1H 11CK.lUO'ICllbl: npo,n:a)Ka T013apoB, KO-

TOph[e JLjJV106pCTaI01'C5I ,n:IIH JIH'IHOrO, ceMcl';j LlOI'O HIII'! lJ:OMal.ll Hero HCUO.7lb-

30ni:lHH5I (3a HCKJlIoY"ellHeMC.lIY9aC8, I.<or/_la up01J:aBerr n .m060e BpeM5J. t~O

HJIH B MOMCHT 3aKJUO~lel'TH511J:orOBopa He 3Ua.7f H He l-~O.lDKeH 6bl.JI 3I-JaTb, '.[TO

TOBaPJbl npHo6peTalOTC51 .ll.JI511"1I<0ro l'ICn0Jl1;30naITH5l); npOJJ:a)Ka C aYKl\r10-

Ha, B nOp5JJJ:KC Ikno.lIHI1TeJlbHOrO npOH3BO.ll.C1'13a I1IIH I1HblM 06pa30M 13

CI1.TIY331<Ol1a; npo,n:a)lca cj)OHJJ:onblX 6yMar, aKL\Hi-i., 06ecne'IHTeJJbl-lhIX 6yMar,

o 060POTl'lbIX 110KyMeHTon 11,n:eHcr, CY1~OB 80.ll.~lOra H B03,n:YllIHoro TpaHC110p-

Ta, CY1\On Ha B03,n:YWHOH no,n:yllIKe H 2lJleKrpO;'1I-reprl1l1_

I eM.: 'llclIl:Ka}l 1<011IlCIII \1-151() liorOllopax Ml:)I<I\yllapoli11oi,j KYIIJli'I-IIPOI\a)Ki'I TlJllapOIl.

KOMMCIITaJl~li,i. C. 9-10.

376 rJlalJa 13. JlOl'OllOPl1 hlC 06}1;\aTCJIhCTlla Il MC)l(llYllapOI\IIOM I"pa)l(llallCI(OM OOOP(lTC

,n:a1'eJIbC1'BO Mb)Ke1' 6bI1'b rrpHMeHeI-IO B CJIyLJaJ-lX, KOr,n:a C1'OpOI-IbI ,n:OrOBOpa

HCKJIIO<IHJIH rrpHMeHeHHe KOHBeH1\HH rrOJIHOCTbfO JilJIH B Ol1pe,n:eJIeI-HIOM

<IaCTH JIH60 KOr,n:a peLJb H,n:e1' 0 Borrpocax, He yperymlpoBaHHblX B KOI-iBeH-

1.(HH (IIpwleM pemeI-IHe HX HeB03MO)KHO IIyl'eM rrpHMeHeHI15I ee 06UIHX

I1PHHIIHIIOB). K <IHC.7Iy I-Ie yperyJIHpOBaHI-IbIX B KOl:JBeH1.(IUI OTHOC5TTC5I,Ha-

npHMep, BonpOCbI, KaCalOII.(HeOI I-Jeyc1'OilI(I1 H ee COOTHollieHIUl C y6bl1'Ka~

MH, npHMeHeHH5I HCKOBOH l_[aBHOCTH, onpe,n:eJleHH5I pa3Mepa npOlleH1'OB

npH npOCpO<IKe HCnOJIHeHH5I ,n:eHe)KHbIX 065T3aTeJIbCTB, ,n:eMCrBJilTe.llbHOC1'H

l.\orOBopa HJIJiI ero O1',n:eJIbI-IbIX yc.7IOBYli;L _

3. IIOJIQ)KeHHble B OCHOBy npaBoBoro MeXaHJil3Ma Kmmem_IHYI 1980 r.

Ha<IaJIa, orrpe,n:e.7I5IIOII.(He ,n:I-1Cn03I1THBHOCTb HOpM KOT-IBeI-J].\HH, oc06eHHoc-

'1,'11HX 1'OJIKOBaI'IH5I H BOCnOJIHeI-IH5I, BOCrrpl1J-:15ITbl P5Il.\OM nOCJlel.\YJOllll1X

MUOroCTOpOHHHX Me)K,n:yI-IapO,n:HbIX ,n:oroBopoB, rrpo',n:O.JDKI1BllIHX yJ-IHCpHKa-

1.\1110rrpaBa 1'paHCUa1lJilOHaJIbI-IbIX KOMMep<IecKI1x OTI-IOmeIIHk vl3 ,n:l1cno-

3I11'HBHOC1'I1 rrpe,n:ycMa1'pHBaeMblx no.7IO/KeHl1M, C orpaHWleI-lJ-IbIMH 113'b-

5I1'I15IMI1, JilCXO,n:511'KOI-lBeHLIH5I 0 npe,n:craBWre.llbCTBe IIpH Me)K,n:yuap0/.V-lOH

KyrrJle-rrpo,n:a)Ke1'OBapoB 19831'., KOI-IBeHl.IHI1 YHHf-{PY A 0 Me)K1-\YI-lap0jl-

HOM qllnIaHCOBOM JIH3HHre 11 0 Me)K1-\YHap01-\HOM cjJaK1'Opl1JIre 1988 r.

H KO~IBeHIII151 0 npe1-\CTaBI1TeJlbC1'Be 1983 L, H Yl1oM5Ii-lYTble ]{OI-IBeHI.\HH

YHHf-{PYA 1988 r_ 1'pe6yloT rrpH 1'OJIKOBaHHH y'IH1'bIBaTb Me)K1-\YHap01-\-

HbIM xapaK1'ep cOOTBe1'CTBylouIHx KOHBeH1.(11j;i 11 I-Ie06X01-\HMOC1'b cOlr:dic1'-

BOBaTb 1-\OCTH)KeHHIO e1-\HIlO06pa3H5I B I1X rrpI1MeJ-IeHH11 I'l C06.IIIOtt,eHHlo

~[06pocoBecTHoc1'H B Me)K1-\YHapOW-lOM 1'OprOBJJe. KpoMe 1'01'0, B KorlBel-l-

LIH5IX YHHf-{PY A 1988 r. YKa3bIBae1'C5I Ha' lieo6xol.\HMOC1'h ylJHTblBaTh

npH TOJIKOBaHHH 06'beKT H LIeJIH, I-Ia3BaHHble B rrpeaM6y:rrax 3Tl1X KOl-lBeH-

1.(HM.· Bo Bcex ynOM5lHYTbIX KOI-IBeI-l1.(I15lX rrpHB01-\5ITC5I HOpMbl, aHaJIOm<I-

Hble npaBH.lly KOI-IBeU1.(I1I-I 1980 L 0 TOM, <ITO BonpOCbl, O1'HOC5lII.(l1eOI K

rrpe1-\MeTY KOHBeHLIHOHHoro peryJll1pOBal-JH5I, n01-\JIe)KaT pa3peJlleI-IYIlO B CO-

O1'BeTCTBHH C 06II.(I-IMl1npI-IHLIHnaMH, Ha K01'OpblX OCI-IOBbIBaIOTC5I KOI-IBeI-l-

III-IH, a rrpH 9'fCy1'CTBHH TaIUIX npHH1.(HnOB - B COOTBeTC1'BHH, C npaBOM,

npHMeHHMbIM B CH.7Iy HOpM Me)K1-\YI-Iap01-\HOrO LJaCTHO~O npaBa.

'§ 5. KOJIJIH3HOHHble BonpOCbI ,ll;OrOBOpHbIX o6H3aTeJIbCTB

B Me)l(,ll;yiIap0,ll;HbIX ,ll;oroBopax. ABTOHOMHH BOJIH CTOpOH

1. BTOpa5I nO.7IOBI1Ha rrpOllIJIOrO C1'O.7Ienl5l OTMe'leHa YCI1.TJeHl1eM B.7IH-

5IHH5I KOJIJIH3I-IOHHOrO Ha<IaJIa <1aBTOHOMHH BOJIH CTOpOH», npWleM, He

TOJIbKO Ha EBporreMCKOM KOI-lTI1HeHTe, HO 11 B 3ana1-\HOM JIOJIylUapHI1, UIC

B rrpOJllJIOM O1'Me~IaJIOCb 1-\OBO.llhI-IO C1'OMKoe ee HerrpH5l1'l1e. B 1991 r.

HHCTl11'yTOM Me)K1-\YHap01-\HOrO rrpaBa 6bIJlO BblCKa3aHO MJ.-lelil1e, <ITa

aBTOHOMH5I BOJIH C1'OpOH craJIa 01-\HI1M 113 cjJYH1-\aMeflTa.7IbHbIX npI1I-IUYI-

nOB Me)K-,\YHap01-\I-lOrO qaCTl-lOfO rrpaBa. B' HeMa.TIOH creneI-I11 1'OMy crro- .

C06CrEOBaJIO 3aKpenJIeHHe 1-\aHHOrO npHHLIHna B Me)K1-\yI-JapOt(I-lbIX KOH-

13eHl.[115IX - KOLr:eKce nycraMaI-lTe, KOHBeHUHH 0 rrpaBe, npHMeHHMoM K

Me~1-\YHapoL[HoH I<yn.TJe-npo1-\a)Ke TOBapOB, 1955 r., KOI-IBeI-I1.(I1H 0 npaBe,

npHMeHI1MOM K ,n:orOBopHhIM 065I3a1'eJIbCTBaM, 1980 1'., KOI-IBeHIIHH 0

npaBe, npHMeHHMOM K l.\orOBopaM Me)K1-\YHap01-\I-lOM KynJIH-rrp01-\a)KI1 '1,'0-

BapoB, 1986 r. (B CH.TJy He BC1'ynI1JIa), Me)KaMepHKaHCKOH KOI-IBel-ILII1H 0

npaBe, npHMeHHMOM K Me)K/WHap01-\l-lblM KOHTpaICTaM, 1994 r. TIOJIQ)Ke-

H.I15I CT. 3 KOI-LBel-IUI-1H 1980 1'., 03arJJaBJleJ-IHoi1<\CB0601-la BbI60pa>.'>, B co-

CTaBe LlpyrHx npaBHJI KOI-lBeHLIHH HaLU.HH OTpa)Kemle B 3aKOH01-\aTe.Hb-

cree CTpaI-I EC - ee y 'JaCTlIl1 1.\_

o Bbl60pe CTOpOHaMl1 npaBa, npHMel-iHMoro 1.\.1151 perY.lIl1p013aHH5I 0651-

3aTeJlbCTB, B03HHKalOII.(HX H3 Me)K~[Y]-lapOl-lHoj;J KynJnL-rrpOlIa)KH "roBapoB, 11

I1Hbix ~IOr0130pHhIX 065L33oreJII>cTB, rOBOpHTC5I B Me)K/-IYHapOW-JbIX KOHlleH-

l(H5IX, YI'1l1cIJIHIHPYIOII.(HX KOJIJIH3HOHHOC npaBo B ::lTOi1 06.llaCTI1. Oc06eH-

1l0CT}IMI1 TaK~j,i YIlHe]JIHGu.\HH 5IBJI5JlOTC51:1) npH~[aL-me 1-laLJ,lJ[y aBTOHOMHH

BO.TJH 3HaLiellH51 OCHOBOnOJrararOll_[ero KO.lIJIH3HOHL'loro npaB~l.TJa,

Irpe1-\Bap5IIOI.LrerO l.\pyrHe KO.ll.T1H3110HHble pemeI-lH5I; 2) pa3l'J006pa3He cno-

C060B Bblpa)KeHl15I H npe/-IeJJOB aBTOIlOMI1H B0.7I11CTOpOH (IJOJl.fl, I3blpa:ilwe-

Ma~ 13caMOM. oozo13ope; 13blmelwlow,a.fl U3 oozol3opa, lWl3eOeUu.fl cmopou, co-

130'KymLOC1nUo6cm0.5l1neJlbCme oe.lla; 06031la'l.We.Mwl np.flMO, uenocpeocmeeu-

ILO UJLU CJleoYloU1;a.fl c pa3yA11-loii onpeOeJleW-lOWZbl0; n03eOJl.fl10w,a.fl

onpeOeJl.flmb npU,MeUUfi-We npaeo 1( OOZ080PY e ~eJLO.MUJlU 1( ezo '/.f.acmu, nepe-

lIoo'/.f.il.1l.fl1nb ezo UI-LOfi-lYnpaey); 3) 1-\Onyu.\eHl1.e B onpel.\e.lleUHblX C.7IY'la5IX

OrpaHI1'IeHH5I aBTOHOMl111 BO.lIH nOCpe1-\C1'BOM HMnepaTHBHbIX I-IOpM CTpa-

IIbl cytt,a I1.TJI1TpeTbei1 crpaHbl, a TalOKe B CHJly OroBOpKH 0 ny6Jll1'lHOM

II0p5ILU<e; 4) HCnO.llb30Bamle 'B KaLJeCTBe cy6cJill.\l'taPI-lOH «m61<OM» KO.7IJJH-

:lI1oI-II-lOJ;i rrpv1B5I3KH K npaBy CTpaHbl, C KOTOpOj;'[ 1-\OrOBOp HMeeT I-IaH60,Tlee

TecHyro CB5I3b, a TaIOKe 1-\l1cjJel)epeHI\HpOBaHHblx CHCTeM 1-\pyrHx KO.TJJIYI3H-

OHHblX npaBHJI, 8'KJUO·/W.flnpa8WIa l1za'K 1-la3bl8ae.MOZO xapwonepuozo (mu-

I"/U'/.f.1-lOZO)ucnO.ll1lellWl (characteristic perforniance).

KOlmeHl.\H5I 0 npane, npHMeJ-II1MOM K Me)K/-IYHap01-\l-JOM KyrrJIe-np01-\aJKe

TOBapOB, 1955 r.1nO/-I'lHHHeT KynJIlO-np01-\a)KY BHyTpeHI-IeMy npaBy crpaI-Ibl,

Ylca3aI-IHOM CTOpOI-TaMH. Tarwe YKa3al-me 1-\O.mKHO6bl1'b np5Il\'lO BblpWKeHO HJIH

Ilett,BYCMbICJJeI-lHO BblTeKaTb H3 nOJIO)KemrH 1-\OrOBopa. ECJIH Cropor-laMH ::no

"paBO ue onpe1-\e.ner-IO, npOl-la)Ka pery.rn'lpyeTC5I BHyTpeHHHM npaBOM crpaHbl,

Il IIYOJIHIGlIlHHX lIa PYCCI(OM il;lhll(C IIP~IIJOIlHJIOCb CJICIl:\'IOIIICC lIaHMCllOlJallHC 1(011-

1I('1I11HH(c y'ICTOM cc olllHIlHaJll>lloro TCI(CTa Iia qlpalII lY;lCl(()M H;{I>IIW): <daal'cKa}l 1(()IIHCIII(~lil

tl IIpallC, npHMCII11MOM K MC)KI1Yllapolllloi,j I(YIiJIC-IIPOllalI(C IlIlH)I(HM/>IX MaTCpHaJll>ill>lX

lIeIl16i~, B pHllC lIyoJII-ll(all~l~i (lIIa lIa3blllaCTC}I !;larcKoi·j 1(<iIIBClIllHCH 0 npallC, npl'IMcII11MOM I(

MC)l(llYllapolll'lO~j I(YIIJI,C-IIPOllall(C TOBapOIl (llIlH)I(HM blX MaTcp"laJlbll hlX IJClIICH).

KOTOpa51 5lB,7l51eTC51MeCTOM nOCT051HHOrO npmKI1BaHI151 rrpo.n:aBL~a B MOMeHT

I nO,/[YlJeHI151 HM 3aKa3a (eCJIVI 3aKa3 nOJIY'Jefl npetmpH5ITHeM, npo.n:aBua, TO

nO/'l)Ie)KI1T npHMeHeBI1IO BHYTpeHI-Iee npaBO CTpaI-IbI, B KOTOPOM BaxO/.U1TC51

npe.n:npH5ITHe). Ho B CJJy'JMX, K01'.n:a 3aI«l3 6bIJI I10Jly'leH B crpane nOCTO-

51HH01'O np0)f(HBaHH5I nOKynaTeJI51 HJI'" MeCTonpe6bIBaHH51 rrpel-\npIUITI151,

Bbl.n:aBwero :~aKa3, K npo.n:a)f(e I1pHMeU5reTC51 BI-IyTpelulee npaBO ::noif

CTpaT-Ibl.

IIOJIOiKemUI KmmeHI-\HH 0 npaBe, npHMeHHMOM K .n:orOBopaM Me)f(/'(y-

Hapo.n:I-IOM KyJ1JIH-npo.n:aJKI1 TOBapOB, 19861', npe.n:nl1CblBaIOT rrpHMCIUITb K

.n:01'OBOpy KyfLJIH-npo.n:a)KH npaBO, BI)[6I1paeMOe CTOpOH"UVlM. COrJramel-r11e

CTOpOH 0 TaKOM BbI60pe .n:OJDKHO6bITb 51BHO Bblpa)KeHO HIIH n.pmvIO BblTe-

KaTb r13 YC.7JOBYII~[t~01'OBopa VI nOBe.n:eHI151 CTopmI, paCCMaTpJ1BaCMblX B co-

BOKymIOCTI1. KOHBeHlIH5I pa3peIllaeT orpaJ-lI1lIHBaTb BbI60p lJaCTbIO .n:OroBO-

pa. iii eUle O.n:HOcyllJ.eCTBeHHoe npaml.lIO: CTOpOHbI MoryT 13J1£060e BPCM5L

.n:01'OBOP11ThC510 no.n:'IHT-IeHHH .n:orOBopa B lIe.7l0M HJIH e1'o lracnr KaKoMy-

JIYl60 l1HOMy npaBy, nOMHMO npaBa, KOTOpbIM OH peryJIHpo,BaJIC51 paHee.

31'0 npaBll.lIO npHMeH51eTC51 11B cHTyalIH51x, Iwr.n:a npaBO, pal-lee peryJIHpO-

BaBlilee l-\01'oBOp, 6bIJIO BbL6paHO cTopmraMH. YKa3bIBaeTC5I TaIOKe,' lITO

JII060e 113MeHeHHe CTOpOHal\UI np11MeHHMoro npaBa, COCT05IBUleeC51 noc.lIe·

3aKJIIOtIeHI151 .n:oroBopa, He HaHOCHT Yll~ep6a q)OpMaJlbI-lOM /.l.CI1CTBHTe,7lh-

BOCTH .n:orOBopa HJIH npaBaM TpeTbl1X Jll1L(.

ECJIH CTOp01-IbI He onpet~eJIVIJIH npaBO, rrpHMeHI1MOe K l-\oronopy, rro-

CJIe.n:mlj;iperyJlHpyeTc5I npaBOM rocy.n:apCTl3a, 1'.n:eHa MOMeHT ero 3aKJJlO'Ie-

HI151 Haxo.n:HTC5I KOMM'ep'IeCKoe npel.I:rlpH5ITHe npo.n:aBl-\a. B H3'MITHe 113

3:roro rrpaBH.7la K .n:orOBopy npI1MeIUIeTC5I npaBO 1'ocy/.l.apCTBa, r/.l.e lIa MO-

MeHT e1'o 3aKJIIOl(eHI151 nOKynaTeJlb HMeeT CBoe KOMMep'leCKoe npelmpH-

5ITHe, eCJm: 1) B 3TOM rocy.n:apCTBe BeJlHCb neperoBopbl H .n:oroBop 6bJ.TJ

3alO1IOlJeH cTOpOHaMI1,' Haxo.n:HBlJ1HMI1C51 133TOM rocy.n:apCTBe, HJIH 2) .n:o-

roBOp np5IMO npe.n:ycMaTpHBaeT, <11'0 npo.n:aBel-\ t~O.II)l(eH BbIflOJJHHTb CBOC

06513aTe.7lbCTBO, .n:OCTaB11BTOBapbI 133'1'0 rocy.n:apCTBO; 11JIl1 3) /.(01'OBOp 6bIJI

3aKJIIOlieH I-la YCJIOBH51X, onpe~eJleI-I[-JbIX fJlaBHbIM 06pa30M nOKynaTe.lIeM,

H B OTBer Ha npHr.7lameHYle, HanpaB,7leI-IHOe 2lTl1M nOKynaTe.7TeM .n:pyrHM

JIHlIaM, y<IacTByIOll(HM 13Top1'ax (06'b5IBJleI-IHe 0 Toprax). CJle/.weT na3BaTh

ell(e 0,l(I-I0 H3'b.HT11e, HCxo.n:5111~eeH3 ¢OpMyJlbI <iTeCHOH CB5I311» .n:oroBopa C

npl1MeHHMblM npaBOM. nOCKOJlbKY C y'JeTOM Bcex 06CT051Te.1TbCTB (BIOIIO-

llM t(eJIOBI)le 0TI-IOlJ1eH115JMeiK~y CTopOHaMH) .n:orOBOp HMeeT 5IBHO 60JIel'

TecHylo CB5I3b C ~pyrHM npaBOM, I-re 51BJIHIOU(I1MC51npaBOM, KOTopoe 6bIJlO

Ha3BaI-l0 BbllIIe, OH pe1'yJII;lpyeTC51 in-11M tlpyrHM npaBOMI.

I eM,: PO:J1<1t6f</Jl M.r KOlI'l'pal<T MC)J(11Yllapolllloi4 I(YIIJI~I-IiPOI1'1IJ(1·1.COllpcMcllllasl

IIpal('I'111Gl:,al<JIIO'ICII"'$I.Pa;JpCIIICIII'ICC110I)(lll_~·c ·11:111.C. ~05-~ 15.

2. OCHOBy npaB01301'0 peryJTHpOBaHHSI KOJlJIH3110HHhIX 130npOC013 ~oro-

BOpHbLX o6513aTe.TlbCTB B crpclI-Iax EC 06pa3yroT nO.7lOJKeH115I I{o~fBer-llIHK 0

Ilpane, npHMerrHMoM K ~OroBOPI-lbJM 065I3aTeJlhCTBaM, 19801'.1 KmTBer-ull15I

I!e pacnpOCTpaIJ5leTC5I I-Ia BonpOChl cTaTyca (pl13WlecKHx JJI1I-\, /.l.OrOnOpHblX

06513aTCJlbCTB; TWCaIOli[HXC5I HaC.lJe/-\013aHH5l:, BeI1(HbIX npaB, CB5l:3aH.HblX C

'6pa'HlhrMH OTI-IOllJCHH5l.M11, ceMe~inblX onIOlLlellHH, 06513aTeJlbCTB, B03J-IH-

KaIOIUVlX H:~ BeKce.lIeii,'JeKOB H VlllhlX 060POTI!blX I-\OKyMeHToB, BonpOChl

ap6HTpa)Kl-IblX COrJlamCmrH VI cOrJlarueLlH~i 0 Bbl60pe CY1-\a, npal3a KOMrra-

rmif H l-ICKOTOpbI.C /lpyrHe. Hpe/(Mf'TOM pcry.7IHpOBaI-TH51 KOl'IRCr-nlHH 5l13.7Ur-

rOTC5II-\OroBOPllbJC 06H::laTeJlbCTBa 13.JII060~i c.wryaU11H, npH KOTOpOj,j 1303HH-

KaeT Tlbl60p Me)K/.lY 3aKOI-IClMHpa::lJIHtIJlblX cTpan, npHMeFli'fMOe )KC B CHJJy

KOHBCIlilllI-! lIpaBO MOJKeT 61>ITb IlpaBOM ,71l0601~1TpCTbeH crpau[,L, B TOM

'lHC.71ecrp"Hlbl, IIC y'IacroYJOu-\6i 13KOHneJJI(JlH. KOHl3eI-ll\HH, CJle/lOBaTeJlb-

110, He orpaml'IHnaeT Bbl60p CTOpOI! npaBOM y'laCTBYlO1I.1HX B 'II 'H crpall.

OHa rrpkIMCJl51CTC51T<HOKe 13C.lIy'HI5LX, Kor/-\(;\ o~lla H.3 CTOpOll JLH60 CTOpOllbL

KOI-ITpa~(Ta rrpI1I1a/(JlCiKaT TpeTbHM CTpal laM.

·[JOlvrl'IIf5U1 KOJ'ITpaI\T JlpaHy, H:,6pcllIIIOMy CTopouaMl1, KOHJlCllllHJl

(n. 1. CT, :3) HCXO)lWr H:3 TOro, lLTO 13b160p l-\O.lDKeH 6bJTh np5IMO I1blpaiKCH

IIJm C P~:~YMlIOi,i Ollpe/.leJJellIfOCTblO (<iwiLIr rcasonable certainty») Bbl:rc-

KaTb 1'13yCJIOBI" i'l KOl-ITpaKTa JIH60 06CT05LTC.l1bCTB 11e.na (-rCM caMbLM /1011yc-

'WeTCJI lie TOjlhKO JJp5JMO BblpmI\Cllirbri,i, 110 11 110~pa3YMeBaCMhl~1 I3bT60p

IIpaBa). CrOpOJJhl KOI-rrpar<Ta Moryr 13,Il106oc I3pCM5J .n:01'0130PHTbC5! 0 cro

1I0.n:lJMI-Ielllll[ HJ-lOMY npaBy, lJeM TO, KOTOpOC 5J13HJLOChnpeljMCTOM paHec

COCT05!BllIcrOUJ Bbl60pa. JIm60c COCT051H11ICCC51nOCJle 3<lK.l1I0'IClIHJI. 1'10-

I'OBOpa H3MCTICHHC CTopOHaMH.llpI1MClIHMO~'0 npaBa He HanOCH'J~ YUlep6a

(pOpMaJlbllOW /leikrBHTeJIbI-lOCTH /-\or0I30pa, pa131-10KaT( H Hpal3aM Tpe'J'bHX

.IIHl.(, KOHner-lIjH>] 3aKpeTlJ!51eT 3a CTopO.HaMH KOJITparrra B03MOiI<HOCTh J3bl-

Ol1paTb npaBO, JlpHMenvlMoe KaK KO BceMy KOlrrparny, TaK H K ero 'I aCTVI,

pa:3peJJJa51,TaKI1M 06pa30M, «pacUlCll.7IClIHC>,:> cTaTyTa KOHTpaKTa.

OrpauwleHHe aBTOHOMHH BOJII-l CTOpOl[ .LlOnycKaeTC5I KOHllel-IUHei:r B

('JlYl(a5lX, Kor.n:a: 1) Bce :7JleMeHTbl IWIlTpaKTa JIO!<aJlH30BaH bl B 0/(1-1011cTpa-

lie; I1MnepaTHBHhle I-I0PMbJ 3Toj;'r CTpaHbI rqmMel-uHoTC5I K TaKoMy KouTpaK-

Ty He3aBI1CHMO 01' BbI6paI-JI-loro npal3a; 2) PCIIb H/.(eT 0 nOTpc6HTeJlhCKHX H

IIH~HBHt~yaJlbIlblX TPY~OBbJX t(OrOBOpax; ,l(Jl5I 3TH X Jl.OroBOpOB yCTaI-J<:lB.IIH-

flaIOTCJl oc06ble KO.7IJ1l13HOHHhie npI1I3H3L<l'1, JI03BO,7l5UOlJlHe, He3a13HCHMO 01'

IIpaBa, onpCl-\e.lleHI-JOrO no BhI60py cropOH, npHMeH5ITb <i3aU_~HTHhle>,:>

1I0PMbI npaBa CTpaHhl, riJ:e rroTpe6H'reJm HMCIOT 06u'JI-loe MeCTO )KHTeJlbCT-

1(01IIH'II11I'1l1IJc'I'YIII-IJlaIl nlJIY MC)I(IIYIlC('MI-IIIOIIIII-IC<JIlIIII-IM~1ce C'l'palla~nl C '1allpCJlSI1991 1'. (1IpOlll'CC IIa'I'IHI)I-II«III"'~11(01l11l'111111I-I:1'l''''MI-Icrpall<JM'" IIJ)(lJ10JIIIGlJIOIIlJIII'I'CJlhIlOC

IIPCWI: T<1t<,IIJI}I /1,1111-111I(OIiIlCI1I1"'}! IlGl'YII11JIaIl CI'IJIYC 9 M<J$I198~ 1'_,llJI}! Il(,Jlhl'lll-l -

,'I~ 1110Jl>I19H71'.,IIJlSIlepM<1mll'l- C2:; IIIOMI19871·.).· .,