คู่มือ minitab 15

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Minitab Quality Process Improvement

Introduction to Minitab 15

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Minitab

Minitab

Minitab

Start > All Programs > Minitab Solutions > Minitab 15 Statistical Software English 2 Minitab

Session (text) Minitab

Data (Spreadsheet)

(Minitab Project)

C:\Program Files\Minitab 15\English\Sample Data ( 15) C:\Program Files\MINITAB 14\Data ( 14)

RADON.MTW 1. File > Open > Worksheet 2. Look in Minitab Sample Data folder

Session

- - -

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


- Look in Minitab Sample Data folder C:\Program Files\Minitab 15\English\Sample Data - Minitab (default)

Tools > Options > General 3. RADON.MTW Open Do not display this

message again OK 4. RADON.MTW Open Do not display this

message again OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


(Variables)

Minitab 3 , /

C1 (Center) : C2 (Order) : C3 (Arrival ) : C4 (Days) : C5 (Status) : (On time Back order

Late 6 ) C6 (Distance) :

Enter Enter Alt + D Alt D File > Exit Exit File Stat > Quality Tools > Run Chart Stat Quality Tools

Run Chart Click OK. Minitab Membrane Surface

*****************************************************

/

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1

Quality Planning Tools

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


(Run Chart) common causes

special causes common causes

(Trend), (Oscilliation), (Mixtures) (Clustering)

Stat > Quality Tools > Run Chart

(Trend), (Oscilliation), (Mixtures) (Clustering) special causes ()

common causes common causes

Data are arranged as

Single Column () Subgroup size ( ) subscript () Subgroup across rows

For data in subgroups Plot subgroup means Plot subgroup median

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1. Stat > Quality Tools > Run Chart 2. () Single

Column Subgroup size 1

Subgroup across rows of 3. OK

: Stat > Quality Tools > Run Chart > Options

Title:

()

common causes

(Mixture)

Number of runs about the median

(Clustering)

() (Oscillation)

Number of runs up or down

(Trend)

()

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


(Standard normal) p-values

p-values ( ) p-values ()

(Number of runs about the median)

(Clustering)

(Clustering)

- (Number of runs up or down) - ( )

( ) ( ) run up run down

- ()

() Oscillation trend

Run chart Run test Minitab Run Chart Run Test Run Test

Run Test ()

1 Run test Run Chart

Run Chart Run Test p-values run test p-values Run Chart

20 ( 2 )

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1. RADON.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Run Chart 3. Single Column Membrane 4. Subgroup size 2 OK

10987654321

45

40

35

30

25

20

Sample

Mem

bran

e

Number o f runs about med ian: 3Expected number o f runs: 6.0Longest run about med ian: 5A pprox P -Value fo r C lustering : 0.022A pprox P -Value fo r M ixtu res: 0.978

Number o f runs up o r dow n: 5Expected number o f runs: 6.3Longest run up o r dow n: 3A pprox P -Value fo r Trends: 0.135A pprox P -Value fo r O sc illation : 0.865

Run Chart of Membrane

(Clustering) 0.05 p-values = 0.02209 0.05

() special causes Cluster

: 0.05 p-value (H0: )

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


(Pareto Chart)

(defects) Vital-Few Trivial-Many

vital few trivial many Stat > Quality Tools > Pareto Chart

Chart defects data in: (: Raw data)

72 Minitab 15 15

By variable in ____ (optional): () 25 () Default (all on same graph, same ordering of bars): () One chart per graph, same ordering of bars: 1 1

Chart defects table

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Labels in: Frequencies in:

Combine remaining defects into one category after this percent: Minitab Others Minitab 95%

2

1. 1 2. 2

1. Stat > Quality Tools > Pareto Chart 2.

a. Chart defects data in: b. Chart defects table:

Labels in: Frequencies in:

3. OK

72 Chart defects table

(Missing Data)

missing data missing data * Minitab missing data

missing data Data > Delete Rows or Data > Copy > Columns to Columns

Chart defects table missing data missing data

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


: Stat > Quality Tools > Pareto Chart > Options X Y

X axis label: X Defect Y axis label: Y Count Do not chart cumulative percent:

/ Title:

1. 2. TEXT 3. OK

Raw data

Damage

1. EXH_QC>MTW 2. Stat > Quality tools > Pareto chart 3. Chart defects data in Damage OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Count 4 2 1 1Percent 50.0 25.0 12.5 12.5Cum % 50.0 75.0 87.5 100.0

Damage DentBendChipScratch

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

100

80

60

40

20

0

Coun

t

Perc

ent

Pareto Chart of Damage

(scratches) (Chips) 75%

2

Count data

Defects Counts

1. EXH_QC.MTW 2. Stat > Quality tools > Pareto chart 3. Chart defects table Label in Defect Frequencies in Counts 4. OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Counts 274 59 43 19 10 18Percent 64.8 13.9 10.2 4.5 2.4 4.3Cum % 64.8 78.7 88.9 93.4 95.7 100.0

DefectsOt

her

Incom

plete

Part

Defec

tive H

ousi

Leak

y Gas

ket

Miss

ing Cl

ips

Missi

ng Scre

ws

400

300

200

100

0

100

80

60

40

20

0

Coun

ts

Perc

ent

Pareto Chart of Defects

(Variable data) (Peel)

(Scratch) (Smudge)

1. EXH_QC>MTW 2. Stat > Quality tools > Pareto chart 3. Chart defects data in Flaws By variable in Period 4. OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


SmudgeOtherScratchPeel

20

15

10

5

0

SmudgeOtherScratchPeel

20

15

10

5

0

Period = Day

Flaws

Coun

t

Period = Evening

Period = Night Period = Weekend

PeelScratchOtherSmudge

Flaws

Pareto Chart of Flaws by Period

(Cause and Effect Diagram) (fishbone diagram)

5M 5 M ( Man, Machine, Material, Method, and Measurement) Personnel Man Minitab 5M

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone diagram) (Ishikawa diagram)

Add/Change Branches

Causes

In column: Cuases 72 ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2) Constants: Cuases ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2) Label: 1 6 Personnel, Machines, Materials, Methods, Measurement, Environment ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2) Do not label branches Sub:

Effect: 72

Title: Do not label the branches:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Do not display empty branches: ( Minitab 6

72

1. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 2. OK

: Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram > Sub Branches

Causes

In column: Cuases 72 ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2) Constants: Cuases ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2)

(surface flaws)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 2. Do not label the branches: OK

Cause-and-Effect Diagram

() 1. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 2. Title FISHBONE Diagram OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Environment

Measurements

Methods

Material

Machines

Personnel

FISHBONE Diagram

1. SURFACEFLAWS.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 3. Causes 1 6 In column 4. Man, Machine, Method, Measure, Enviro 1 6 5. Effect Surface Flaws OK

FlawsSurface

Environment

Measurements

Methods

Material

Machines

Personnel

O perators

Training

Superv isors

Shifts

Speed

Lathes

Bits

Sockets

Suppliers

Lubricants

A lloy s

Brake

Engager

A ngle

Inspectors

Microscopes

Micrometers

C ondensation

Moisture%

FISHBONE Diagram

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1. SURFACEFLAWS.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 3. Causes 1 6 In column 4. Man, Machine, Method, Measure, Enviro 1 6 5. Man Sub 6. Causes Training 3 ( Training) OK 7. Machine Sub 8. Causes Speed 4 ( Speed) OK 9. Measure Sub 10. Causes Micrometers 1 ( Speed) OK 11. Effect Surface Flaws OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


FlawsSurface

Environment

entsMeasurem

Methods

Material

Machines

Personnel

O perators

Training

Superv isors

Shifts

Speed

Lathes

Bits

Sockets

Suppliers

Lubricants

A lloy s

Brake

Engager

A ngle

Inspectors

Microscopes

Micrometers

C ondensation

Moisture%

T esting

Mentors

Erratic

T oo slow

C ondition

A ccuracy

FISHBONE Diagram

/ Add/Change Branches : Editor > Graph option

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Causes: 72 ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2)

Label: Personnel, Machines, Materials, Methods, Measurement, Environment ( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2) Do not label branches Sub: Do not label the branches: Do not display empty branches: ( Minitab

6 )

1. Editor > Graph Options 2. Causes 3. OK

Testing Shipping

1. SURFACEFLAWS.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 3. Causes 1 6 In column 4. Man, Machine, Method, Measure, Enviro 1 6 5. Effect Surface Flaws OK 6. Editor > Graph Options 7. 7 Causes Handling Alignment Label Testing 8. 8 Causes Forklift Conveyor Label Shipping 9. OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


FlawsSurface

Shipping

Testing

Environment

Measurements

Methods

Material

Machines

Personnel

O perators

Training

Superv isors

Shifts

Speed

Lathes

Bits

Sockets

Suppliers

Lubricants

A lloy s

Brake

Engager

A ngle

Inspectors

Microscopes

Micrometers

C ondensation

Moisture%

A lignment

Handing

C onv ey or

Forklift

FISHBONE Diagram

(Editor)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


FlawsSurface

Shipping

Testing

Environment

Measurements

Methods

Material

Machines

Personnel

O perators

Training

Superv isors

Shifts

Speed

Lathes

Bits

Sockets

Suppliers

Lubricants

A lloy s

Brake

Engager

A ngle

Inspectors

Microscopes

Micrometers

C ondensation

Moisture%

Testing

Shipping

FISHBONE Diagram

: Editor > Graph option > Sub Branches

Causes: 72

( 5, 3 1) ( 6, 4 2)

1. Editor > Graph Options 2. Sub Branches 3. Causes 4. OK

1. SURFACEFLAWS.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Cause and Effect Diagram 3. Causes 1 6 In column 4. Man, Machine, Method, Measure, Enviro 1 6

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


5. Effect Surface Flaws OK 6. Editor > Graph Options 7. 1 Sub 8. 1 Causes A B 9. 2 Causes Jones Smith Best OK 10. 6 Causes Humidity Temperature Sub 11. 1 Causes High Low 12. 2 Causes High Low 13. OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


FlawsSurface

Environment

Measurements

Methods

Material

Machines

Personnel

O perators

Training

Superv isors

Shifts

Speed

Lathes

Bits

Sockets

Suppliers

Lubricants

A lloy s

Brake

Engager

A ngle

Inspectors

Microscopes

Micrometers

Temperature

Humidity

BA

Bes t

Sm ithJones

LowHigh

LowHigh

FISHBONE Diagram

Multi Vari Chart Minitab Multi -Vari Chart 4 (factors) Multi-Vari Chart

Stat > Quality Tools > Multi-Vari Chart

Response: Response () Factor 1: 1 Factor 2: 2 Factor 3: 3 Factor 4: 4

Multi Vari Chart response 1 4

(Factor levels) Text categories

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Multi Vari Chart 1. Stat > Quality Tools > Multi-Vari Chart 2. Response Response 3. Factor 1 (Factor Level) 4. 1 Factor 2 ,Factor 3 Factor 4 5. OK

: Stat > Quality Tools > Multi-Vari Chart > Options

Display Options

Display individual data options: Connect means for Factor 1: 1 Connect means for Factor 2: 2 Connect means for Factor 3: 3 Title:

Multi-Vari Chart Sintering Compressive Strength 3

Compressive Strength 5 Sintering 3 100 , 150 200 Multi-Vari Chart interaction

1. SINTER.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Multi-Vari Chart 3. Response Strength 4. Factor 1 Sinter Time Factor 2 Metal Type OK

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


321

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

MetalType

Stre

ngth

100150200

SinterTime

Multi-Vari Chart for Strength by SinterTime - MetalType

multi-vari chart interaction Sinter 1

Sinter Compressive Strength Sinter 100 2 Sinter Compressive Strength Sinter 150 3 Sinter Compressive Strength Sinter 200 Interaction analysis of variance linear model

Symmetry Plot

Symmetry Plot

non parametric Symmetry plot

Stat > Quality Tools > Symmetry Plot

Variables: Symmetry Plot Minitab Symmetry Plot

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Symmetry Plot 1. Stat > Quality Tools > Symmetry Plot 2. Varibles Symmetry Plot 3. OK

() Y=X Symmetry Plot Minitab

run

(Left Skewness) (Right Skewness) () ()

Skewness to the right:

() Skewness to the left:

()

25 30

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


: Stat > Quality Tools > Symmetry plot > Options

Title:

Symmetry Plot 1. EXH_QC.MTW 2. Stat > Quality Tools > Symmetry Plot 3. Varibles Faults OK

3.02.52.01.51.00.50.0

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Upper Distance to Median

Low

er D

ista

nce

to M

edia

n

210-1-2

20

10

0

Symmetry Plot for Faults

*************************************************************

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


คู่มือ minitab 15

Documents