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I. Khái niệm

Gồm

+ V nguyên thể

Chỉ khả năng, sự chắc chắn, cho phép, nghĩa vụ…

Lưu ý:

ĐỘNG TỪ KHUYẾT THIẾU

ID: 30866

http://moon.vn/FileID/30866



II. Phân loại

1. CAN/COULD/BE ABLE TO

1.1. CAN (có thể)

Khả năng ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

Eg: They can speak English

Họ biết nói tiếng Anh.

Sự xin phép/cho phép. Can’t: từ chối lời xin phép.

Eg: Can I use your phone?

Tôi dùng điện thoại anh được chứ?

Yes, of course you can./No, I’m afraid you can’t.

Vâng, tất nhiên là được/Không, không được.

Lời yêu cầu, đề nghị hoặc gợi ý

Eg: Can you wait a moment, please? yêu cầu

Xin vui lòng đợi một lát nhé.

Dùng can’t để chắc chắn điều gì không xảy ra trong hiện tại.

Eg:

Harry can’t know how to ride a bike; he’s never been on one.

Harry không thể nào biết đi xe đạp; anh ấy chưa bao giờ đi xe đạp.

1.2. COULD (có thể)

Điều gì đó xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai nhưng không chắc chắn

Eg: The phone is ringing. It could be Tom.

Chuông điện thoại đang reo. Có lẽ là Tom.

Xin phép lễ phép + trịnh trọng hơn can.

Note: Cho phép/từ chối lời xin phép không dùng could/couldn’t

Eg: Could we picnic here? (Chúng ta có thể tổ chức bữa ăn ngoài trời ở đây được không ạ?)

I’m afraid you couldn’t.

I’m afraid you can’t. (Tôi e là không được)

Yêu cầu lịch sự (lịch sự trang trọng hơn can)/ lời đề nghị, gợi ý

Eg: Could you mail this letter for me?

Nhờ anh viết lá thư này giúp tôi được không? yêu cầu

We could write a letter to the headmaster.

Chúng ta có thể viết thư cho hiệu trưởng. gợi ý

Lưu ý: Can và Could

a/ + động từ nhận thức và giác quan: see, smell, taste, hear, understand, remember

Eg: I can see Susan coming.

(Tôi thấy Susan đang đi tới.)

b/ diễn đạt sự việc tại thời điểm cụ thể

Eg: When I went into the house, I could smell burning.

(Khi vào nhà, tôi ngửi thấy mùi khét.)



1.3. BE ABLE TO: thay thế can và could

Thay thế Hoàn cảnh Ví dụ

Can • chỉ khả năng am/is/are able

• thì tương lai will be able to

• thì hoàn thành have been able to

• dạng nguyên mẫu to be able to

I can/ am able to run very fast.

Tôi có thể chạy rất nhanh.

Could • chỉ khả năng, cơ hội trong quá

khứ was/were able to

She could/ was able to read when

she was four.

Cô ấy biết đọc khi cô ấy bốn tuổi.

2. MAY/MIGHT

3. MUST/HAVE TO

3.1. MUST (phải) (-) must not (mustn’t)



3.2. HAVE TO (phải)

3.3 So sánh MUST và HAVE TO



4. WILL/WOULD



5. SHALL/SHOULD

6. OUGHT/HAD BETTER



7. NEED/DARE



III. Modal Perfect



Exercise 1: Viết lại câu

1. Perhaps Susan knows the address. (may)

___________________________________________________________

2. We should be careful. (ought)

___________________________________________________________

3. I managed to finish all my work. (able)

___________________________________________________________

4. I realize that it was a terrible experience for you. (must)

___________________________________________________________

5. It’s against the rules for players to have a drink. (allowed)

___________________________________________________________

6. The best things for you to do is to sit down. (better)

___________________________________________________________

7. The report must be on my desk tomorrow. (has)

___________________________________________________________

8. It’s possible that Joana did not receive my message. (might)

___________________________________________________________

9. It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat. (didn’t)

___________________________________________________________



Exercise 2: Hoàn thành các câu dưới đây với can(not), could(not) hoặc be (not) able to. Một

số chỗ có thể dùng nhiều từ.

1. Natasha _____________ play the piano when she was four.

2. George has travelled a lot. He _____________ speak four languages.

3. I’m afraid I _____________ come to the party tonight.

4. The computer went wrong, but luckily Emma _____________ put it right again.

5. Ask Catherine about your problem. She might _____________ help you.

6. I learned to read music as a child. I _____________ read it when I was five.

7. Suddenly all the lights went out. We _____________ see anything.

8. The drivers _____________ top before they crashed into each other.

9. People heard warning about the flood, and they _____________ move out in time.

Exercise 3: Hoàn thành các câu dưới đây với must(not) hoặc (do not) have to (ở dạng đúng).

Một số chỗ có thể dùng cả hai.

1. I _____________ go to the airport. I’m meeting someone.

2. It’s too late. I _____________ go now.

3. Jack left before the end of the meeting. He _____________ go home early.

4. I’ve already finished all my work, so I _____________ study tonight.

5. Students _____________ wear uniforms when they go to school.

6. You really _____________ hurry up, Vicky. We don’t want to be late.

Exercise 4: Viết lại câu sử dụng Modal hoặc Modal Perfect 1. I suppose you are tired after your cruise.

You ___________________________________________________

2. I am sure he was too tired to go to the concert.

He ____________________________________________________

3. I regret having behaved so badly during the lesson.

I ______________________________________________________

4. The students aren’t allowed to bring the mobile phones to school.

The students ____________________________________________

5. I didn’t finish reading the book because I was watching TV.

I ______________________________________________________

6. It was a mistake to ask him to do it.

You ____________________________________________________

7. It’s possible that the teacher saw me.

The teacher ______________________________________________

8. It was unnecessary for you to study this unit.

You ____________________________________________________

ANSWER KEYS

Ex1:

1. Susan may know the address.

2. We ought to be careful.

3. I was able to finish all my work.

4. It must have been a terrible experience for you.

5. Players aren’t allowed to have a drink.

6. You’d/You had better sit down.

7. The report has to be on my desk tomorrow.

8. Joana mightn’t have received my message.

9. Nancy didn’t need to clean the flat.



Ex2:

1. could/was be able to

2. can/is able to

3. can’t/am not able to

4. was be able to

5. be able to

6. could/was able to

7. couldn’t

8. were able to

9. were able to

Ex3:

1. have to

2. must/have to

3. had to

4. don’t have to

5. have to

6. must

7. mustn’t

8. must/have to

Ex4:

1. must be tired after your cruise.

2. must have been too tired to go to the concert.

3. shouldn’t have behaved so badly during the lesson.

4. mustn’t bring the mobile phones to school.

5. could have finished reading the book but I was watching TV.

6. shouldn’t have asked him to do it.

7. may have seen me.

8. needn’t have studied this unit.

Chương trình học Tiếng Anh Online trên Moon.vn : http://moon.vn/KhoaHoc/DeCuong/1158/426/5

Đ Ộng tỪkhuy t thi u Ế - moon.vn · we don’t want to be late. exercise 4: viết lại...

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