( Regulation and control of gene expression )

( gene expression)

(constitutive gene expression)

(housekeeping gene)

Beta -actin3- GAPDHTATA Box TBP18s 18s rRNA -Tubulin

(induction expression) (repression expression)

(coordinance expression)

()

( ) RNA ( )

(central dogma)

1.RNARNARNA2.

(polycistron) operon

(monocistron) DNA

3.DNA mRNA 4.mRNA----SD

SD Shine-Dalgarno AUG413consensus sequenceAGGAGG30S16S rRNA 3

5.RNA (1) (2)

() () ()

() 1.RNA (1) RNA DNA RNA :RNA 522DNARNA

a.NC DNADNAb. NCDNA c.

2RNA RNA RNA

4:+1 90% 10-10TATAAT35-35TTGACA3510RNA

RNA

2. lactose operon,lac

(lac operon)DNA

-10 +1 +10 +20 +30 . . . . .5ATGTTGTGTGGAATTGTGAGCGGATAACAATTTCACACAGGAA 33TACAACACACCTTAACACTCGCCTATTGTTAAAGTGTGTCCTT 5 lac+11GC lac,DNA

-7+28RNA-35+20RNADNA

3. BADI1I2O1O2araCAraC

AraCO1O2I1DNAI2BADaraC

AraC,Ara CI1I2AraCBADaraC mRNAO1-O2

4 lac

cAMPcAMP cAMPcAMP: CAP(catabolite gene activator proteinCAP) CAPcAMP cAMP-CAP

cAMPcAMP

cAMP cAMP

CAPCAP

A.B.::a.b.

Trp Trp mRNA OPtrpR RNA RNA 26700140

1011trp 14aa: 1 : 1/2>2/3>3/4

mRNA 14AUG131011

UUUU 3 mRNA1. RNA

mRNA RNA 2. Trp 34

UGARNA 1TrpRNA

() :RNA

1.RNA RNA mRNARNARNA200RNAmRNARNAmicRNA

RNAmRNA 5SDmRNA 5AUGmRNA mRNAmRNAmRNA

RNATn10

RNA (RNA interference, RNAi) mRNARNA RNA RNA (double-stranded RNA, dsRNA)mRNA()post-transcriptional gene silencing,PTGS) RNAi.

2. RNA mRNAmRNA E.colimRNA372min

3. 50 rRNA mRNA 50

DNA

1 DNA 2

3 DNA mRNA

4 RNAheterogeneous nuclear RNA ,hnRNA(m7GpppN)PolyAmRNA

5 mRNA 6

DNA 1.

2.gene amplification

3.gene rearrangement

IgG

4. DNACpG5mC DNA

5. DNADNA

RNARNA polymerase, RNA pol

1 . (cis-acting element) RNADNA

1(promoter) (+1)5100200 bp DNA720 bpRNA

(core promoter)( upstream promoter element, UPE)

(2) (enhancer) DNA

(3) :silencer dehancer DNA,

DNA5po1yAGTSV40AGGTTTTTT

2.(trans-acting factor) 812bp DNA(sequence specific DNA binding proteinSDBP)DNA

TATA box TFDGC boxSP1

TFATFA9DNADNARNA

TATATATA

RNATATATATA-DNA

RNADNAopen complex,RNA

1 DNA

1)DNA zinc finger twistclusterCys2Cys2Cys2His2

A Cys2His2 (His)

B Cys2Cys2

homeodomainHD DNADNA

DNA

basic 1eucine zipperbLZ C30-6- DNA

bLZDNA

--helix-loop-helixHLH: -34

a:b - ab

2)transcriptional activation domain DNADNA30100

-acidic-helix domain TATAglutamine-rich domain proline-rich domain

3.()

:

2 1)looping2)(twisting)3(sliding)4Oozing

3

()1. 53 5:mRNA57 (m7GPPPmNp-) :mRNA5mRNAmRNAmRNA

3:mRNA350150poly(A):mRNA

2. mRNA(alternative splicing) 1mRNA mRNAmRNA,

,53mRNA 2mRNA

mRNA

:mRNA mRNA

1.(1)(2)(3)5AUG(4)5

(1)

(2)

2.mRNA 3.RNA

() (posttranslational control)1.2.3.