無鉛化電子產品可靠度試驗 reliability testsfor lead-free...
TRANSCRIPT
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
環測及可靠度實驗室―黃三泰Environmental Testing & Reliability Lab- Jockey Huang
Jockey Huang
Asst. Supervisor
t: 02-2298-3355 ext. 3763
f: 02-2299-9558
無鉛化電子產品可靠度試驗Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
電子產品無鉛化會遇到什麼問題?
迴焊溫度最適化
表面處理變更:沾錫性、相容性及可靠度須行評估
焊錫材料標準化、疲勞耐久及可靠度須行評估
表面處理變更:沾錫性、相容性及可靠度須行評估
選擇合適的電路板材
料件耐熱溫度須提升
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
電子產品無鉛化會遇到什麼問題?
隨各部件選用材料的變更,製程對材料本身及不同材料間的物理、化學特性的影響需重新評估
傳統錫鉛製程 無鉛製程
Pb Components
SnPb Solder
Lead Free Components
Lead Free Solder
今後3~5年間在電子產品生產過程中需解決下列問題
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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無鉛標示
According JEDEC Standard- JESD 97 : Marking, Symbols and Labels for Identification of Lead (Pb) Free Assemblies, Components and Devices.
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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相圖─Pb-Sn合金系統
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
相圖─Sn-Ag-Cu合金系統
Source: http://www.metallurgy.nist.gov/phase/solder/agcusn.html
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無鉛焊錫合金之選用
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
各類焊錫合金比較Base
materialMeltingpoint(℃)
Addedmaterial
Feature Issues
Sn-Ag 190~210210~220
Bi(Lower T)Cu(Wettab.)Zn,In(Th. Fat.)
Good for thermalStrong pull strengthGood elongation
High melting temperatureExpensive(SnPb x 2 to 3)Poor wettability
Sn-Bi 190~210 Ag,Cuetc.
Lower melting temp. is possibleStrong pull strengthGood wettability
Hard and fragileDifficult to machiningShort thermal fatigue life
Sn-Zn 190~200Bi(Wettab.)In(Th. Fat.)AgCu
Same profile as PbSn solderLow cost(SnPb x 1.5)Strong pull strengthGood elongation
Short thermal fatigue lifePoor wettability
(N2 reflow is necessary)
Sn-In 117(52%In) Ag etc. Lower melting temp. is possible
Good elongation
ExpensiveProperty of paste is
easy to changeSmall pull strength
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迴焊(Reflow)製程比較-例
SnPb Profile Reflow @ 183C
Peak Temp. = 205 to 220C
SnAgCu (Pb-free) ProfileReflow @ 217C
Peak Temp = 235 to 245C
Time above liquidous: 40-120 s
Ramp rate: 3oC/s
Time in Minutes
Tem
pera
ture
, Deg
C
Reflow Profile Comparisons (Sample) SnPb versus Pb-free
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
電子產品無鉛化會遇到什麼問題?
端子/焊墊沾錫能力
濕氣/迴焊敏感性(耐錫熱能力)
錫鬚形成的可能性
焊點可靠度
與傳統鉛錫合金產品比較具備相同特性與功能(產品的環測與可靠度試驗規格要求應一致甚至更好)
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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端子/焊墊沾錫能力
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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端子/焊墊沾錫能力 Case Study- MobilPhone
All components should be evaluated.
PCB, R/ C Chip, ICs, Connectors.
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端子/焊墊沾錫能力 Case Study- MobilPhone
Reference: IPC A610D.
Reliability Concern.
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IPC A 610D
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沾錫能力試驗—蒸氣老化
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沾錫能力試驗—沾錫天平法J-STD-002B Method E/ F
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沾錫能力評估_J-STD-002B Method Ewww.jedec.org
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沾錫能力優劣示意圖
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Lead Free Temp. Profile
Heating Time
Temp. (℃)
Peak:260℃
Soldering Zone
Pre-heating Zone
3℃ ~ 6℃/s
濕氣/迴焊敏感性&耐錫熱試驗
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耐錫熱試驗- 浸焊(Dip Soldering)MIL-STD 202G, Method 210F:Axial/ Radial/ Insertion ComponentsTest Condition B, Solder Dip
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耐錫熱試驗- 浸焊(Dip Soldering)SS-00254-4 Solder Heat Resistance Test for TMDs, Lead-free Soldering
Flow soldering with solder bath[Flow] → [Left at a room temperature] → [Flow] Flow soldering condition: 260 ℃, 5 seconds
Hand soldering (with soldering iron): 380 ℃, 3 seconds
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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耐錫熱試驗- 手焊(Iron Soldering)MIL-STD 202G, Method 210F:Axial/ Radial/ Insertion Components or Hand Soldering SMD
Test Condition B, Solder Iron Temp. 400ºC
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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耐錫熱試驗- 迴焊(Reflow Soldering)MIL-STD 202G, Method 210F:Non Moisture Sensitivity SMD Components,Chip C/R or other tape / bulk/ tube carriage devices.
Test Condition K, Solder Iron Temp. 260ºC, 10~ sec Temp. Rate: 1°C/s - 4ºC/s ; time above 217ºC/s, 90s – 150 s
1°C/s - 4ºC/s ; time above 217ºC/s, 90s – 150 s
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
塑膠部件無法承受製程高溫-耐錫熱試驗
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SGS
濕氣/迴焊敏感性-MSL_J-STD-020C
濕氣/迴焊敏感性試驗是用以鑑定在包裝、儲存及操作時對濕氣誘發應力敏感的表面實裝零部件(SMD) 的等級以避免在組裝迴焊及/或修補操作期間損壞
J-STD-020C濕氣敏感等級(Moisture Sensitivity Level,MSL)共有8級
Initial Electrical Test
Initial Inspection Bake Moisture Soak
ReflowFinal External Visual
Final Electrical Test
Scanning Acoustic Microscopy: Perform before/ after MSL Evaluation if Necessary
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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濕氣/迴焊敏感性-MSL_J-STD-020C
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Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
濕氣/迴焊敏感性-迴焊(Reflow)_J-STD-020C
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濕氣/迴焊敏感性-迴焊(Reflow)_J-STD-020C
驗證峰值溫度
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濕氣/迴焊敏感性-迴焊(Reflow)_J-STD-020C
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濕氣敏感性零件操作 J-STD-033
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錫鬚形成的可能性
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錫鬚觀察參考方法
Odd-Shaped Eruptions (OSE)
Hillocks (Lumps)
Whiskers
Reference: Tin Whisker Acceptance Test Requirements-NEMI Temp. Cycle.: -55℃/ 85℃, 1000 cyclesTemp./ Humidity Storage: 60℃/ 95%RH & Room Ambient, 1000 Hrs
Suggested Criteria: 50μm Max.
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錫鬚觀察範例
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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電子零組件焊點可靠度
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
Environmental Testing & Reliability LabSGS Confidential
電子零組件焊點強度
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Reliability Tests for Lead-free E&E Products
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電子零件焊點強度及耐久度試驗- 例
Assembly PCBAs at Optimum Conditions
Non Rework/ Rework
Visual Inspection-Ref. IPC A610C
X- Section Analysis
C-SAM Inspection
X- Ray
Functionality Verify
Thermal Cycling Test: 0℃/ 100℃1000 Cycles
Assembly, Visual Inspection & Functionality Verify
X- Section AnalysisNotes: X-Section/ C-SAM/ X-Ray Inspection/ Solder Joint Strength/ Dye & Pry only are applied on Selected PCBAs/ Components
Solder Joint Strength
Solder Joint Strength
Dye & Pry
Dye & Pry
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電子零件焊點強度試驗-拉力
45° Pull for Gull Wing SMD DevicePull for Dip Component
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Shear Test for SMD Chip
電子零件焊點強度試驗-推力
Shear Test for J/ L Lead SMD Device
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電子零件焊點強度試驗-彎曲
Bending Test for BGA/ CSP Device
Press jig
45 45
100
Support
mm
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PCB
BGA/ CSP
Ohm Meter
電子零件焊點強度試驗- Daisy Chain
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電子零件焊點可靠度試驗
Operating/ Environment
Mechanical Operating
Ship/ Environment
Operating/ Ship
熱衝擊 震動
彎折 衝擊及落下
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分析- 切片觀察
BGA/ CSP Chip R/ C IC Package
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分析- 超音波探傷/ X-Ray
Delamination
Internal Crack by Heat Stress
Void
Solder Thieving
Bridge
Open
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分析- Dye & Pry 紅墨水浸透 BGA/ CSP
Dye
Void
Pad on Ball
Bridge
Open
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常用試驗規格
Temp. Cycling Test• High Temp.: 105℃• Low Temp.: -35℃• Temp. Retaining Time: 15 min • Cycle: 500• Evaluation at 250 Cycle Interval
Tin Whisker SS00254-8 2’nd edition• Temp. Cycle.: -40℃/ 85℃,
Retaining Time: 7 min 1500 cycles
• Temp./ Humidity Storage: 60℃/ 95%RH/ Room Ambient, 1000 or 2000 Hrs
Temp. Cycling Test• D4559 Level 2• High Temp.: 100℃• Low Temp.: 0℃• Temp. Retaining Time: 10 min• Cycle: 1000• Evaluation at 200 Cycle
Interval
Halt Test
Vibration/ Shock Test
Tin Whisker Test
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可靠度及品質問題?Temp. Environmental Simulation• Heat• Cold• Humidity• Thermal Shock
Mechanical Environmental Simulation• Vibration• Shock
DurabilityWeather Simulation• Rain (Water Proof)• Salt Spray• UV/ Solar
Corrosion Test- Mixed Flowing Gases
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噪音量測
Sound Pressure Level/ Sound Power Level
Standard: ISO3744/ ISO7779
Background Noise: < 10 dBA( Air Conditioner On)
Cut-off Frequency: 100 Hz
Dimension: 5 m x 5 m x 2.8 m
TCO99- Mandatory
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Q & A
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Thank You!!
黃三泰Jockey Huangt: 02-2298-3355 ext 3763
f: 02-2299-9558
謝哲宏Terence Hsieht: 02-2298-3355 ext 3760
f: 02-2299-9558
環測及可靠度實驗室Environmental Testing & Reliability Laboratory