上海天文台 shanghai astronomical observatory cheng huang progress on asia-pacific space...

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical Observatory

Cheng HUANG

Progress on Asia-Pacific Space Geodynamics (APSG) Project

Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,

Chinese Academy of Sciences

14–17 October 2013, Columbus, Ohio, USA


Scientific Motivation Historical BackgroundAPSG Main Goals Primary Objectives of Study APSG OrganizationActivities of APSG Some Progress


I. Scientific Motivation In the Asia-Pacific area, primarily the western Pacific boundary zone, including

China, Japan, SE Asia and the Indian Ocean boundary zone, there are

Convergent zone of 5 plates : Eurasian, Pacific, Philippine, N. American, Indo-Australian

Complex tectonics: Grand plateaus, huge mountains Chain, deep sea trenches, tremendous Circum- Pacific island-arc


Violent crustal motion, serious natural hazards, frequent and fierce earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, devastating volcanic eruptions, sea immersion etc.

A major impetus for this program has been the emergence of space geodetic techniques with mm measurement capability.

Dense population, rapid developing economics The area is one of the most appropriate and urgently needed regions for research in tectonic and crustal motion,

and their effects on the existing human environment.


II. Historical Background

A proposal to organize the APSG was presented at the

WEGENER meeting, St. Petersburg, in June 1994.

The proposal was endorsed by the United Nations Expert Symposium on Space Technology and Application for Sustainable Development in Beijing China, in September 1994.

It was included in the Symposium Recommendation to the Ministerial Conference on Space Applications for Development in Asia and the Pacific, under the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP).


And the APSG Project was compiled into the Action Program for Chinese Space Applications for Sustainable Development.

In October 1994, a presentation on APSG was made at the Third Asian-Pacific Radio Telescope Meeting in Urumqi, China.

In November 1994, a talk about APSG was put forward at the Ninth International Workshop on Laser Ranging Instrumentation held at Canberra, Australia.

At a meeting held after this Workshop, representatives from Australia, China, Japan, Russia and the USA expressed their strong support for the APSG project and agreed to form a Steering Committee chaired by Prof. Ye Shuhua with membership from the above 5 countries, and a detailed plan should be prepared


for submission to the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) at its General Assembly in Boulder, Colorado, USA in July 1995.

The IAG, in the General Assembly, accepted and endorsed the APSG project, recommending that it be supported by local institutions and international cooperating agencies.

At last, the APSG project was initiated formly in

accordance with IAG Resolution #4 of 1995, in the first International Meeting of the APSG held in Shanghai on May14-17, 1996, and 65 attendees came from Australia, China, Germany, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and the USA.


IAG Resolution #4

The International Association of Geodesy:Recognizing that:

(a) the vast area of East Asia and the Pacific Basin have not yet been subjected to such close geophysical investigation as that carried out in other areas of the world;(b) large parts of this region are heavily populated and are experiencing rapid economic growth;(c) the tectonic character of the region is complex and inadequately understood;(d) the region is at extreme risk from tectonic, volcanic, seismic and other nature hazards; and

IAG Resolution #4

The International Association of Geodesy:Recognizing that:

(a) the vast area of East Asia and the Pacific Basin have not yet been subjected to such close geophysical investigation as that carried out in other areas of the world;(b) large parts of this region are heavily populated and are experiencing rapid economic growth;(c) the tectonic character of the region is complex and inadequately understood;(d) the region is at extreme risk from tectonic, volcanic, seismic and other nature hazards; and

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryNoting that:

(a) precise geodetic measurements using space and terrestrial techniques give an effective means of monitoring tectonic, volcanic, seismic, and environmental conditions over great spatial and temporal ranges;(b) the IAG/COSPAR Commission on International Coordination of Space Techniques for Geodesy and Geodynainics (CSTG) has been established to facilitate and coordinate global and regional work in the field of space geodesy and geodynamics;(c) cooperation between governments, institutions and individuals is essential for large-scale scientific investigations which can lead to the mitigation of the effects of natural disasters;

Noting that:

(a) precise geodetic measurements using space and terrestrial techniques give an effective means of monitoring tectonic, volcanic, seismic, and environmental conditions over great spatial and temporal ranges;(b) the IAG/COSPAR Commission on International Coordination of Space Techniques for Geodesy and Geodynainics (CSTG) has been established to facilitate and coordinate global and regional work in the field of space geodesy and geodynamics;(c) cooperation between governments, institutions and individuals is essential for large-scale scientific investigations which can lead to the mitigation of the effects of natural disasters;


(d) in this connection the September 1994 UNESCO expert symposium held in Beijing on Space Technology and Applications for Sustainable Development, resolved that:

“An Asian-Pacific space geodynamic project is recommended to be established to promote and coordinate related activities in the region as well as encourage international cooperation in order to provide more basic information for earthquake prediction, volcanic eruptions and sea-level rise “ (e) the Asian Pacific Space Geodynamic Initiative is proposal which confirms to this resolution;

(d) in this connection the September 1994 UNESCO expert symposium held in Beijing on Space Technology and Applications for Sustainable Development, resolved that:

“An Asian-Pacific space geodynamic project is recommended to be established to promote and coordinate related activities in the region as well as encourage international cooperation in order to provide more basic information for earthquake prediction, volcanic eruptions and sea-level rise “ (e) the Asian Pacific Space Geodynamic Initiative is proposal which confirms to this resolution;


Recommends that:

(a) this project be supported by local institutions and international cooperating agencies;

(b) the relevant space geodetic (such as Satellite Laser Ranging, Very Long Baseline Interferometry. Global Positioning System and Synthetic Aperture Radar) and terrestrial techniques (such as gravimetry, tide gauge measurement, meteorological observation) be employed in support of this project;

(c) the data acquired by the project be made available for general scientific purposes.

Sponsored by Shu-Hua Ye


III. APSG Main Goals:To unite relevant activities in the region into a

cooperative research project in plate tectonic, crustal motion and deformation, sea level change etc.

To provide a synergistic umbrella for scientists in the area to cooperate and to contribute to better understanding of the processes involved,

To help better precaution against major disastrous events.

All countries in the Asia-Pacific area are urged to join in this project. Countries outside the area are warmly invited to participate.

APSG will promote international scientific exchange and cooperation and contribute to raising the scientific research level of the developing countries in this area.

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryIV. Primary Objectives of

Study1. To measure and monitor, using space techniques, the relative

motion between the Eurasian, Pacific, N. American, Philippine, and Indo-Australian plates, including the plate tectonic motion along the boundaries, as well as local crustal deformation.

2. To study the evolution and dynamics of the crustal motion of the island-arc system in the Western Pacific boundary zone, and the mountain-building zones of the Tibetan Plateau and Southeast Asia.

3. To measure and monitor sea-level change in the Asia-Pacific region using space techniques, including altimetry and tide gauge data to study the characteristics and causes of the fluctuations in global sea surface.


4. To study the dynamics of the Earth as a whole (Earth rotation, gravity changes, etc.) and the mass motions within each layer (the atmosphere, oceans, lithosphere, mantle, and the core) and their dynamic relations.

5. To investigate natural hazards (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, sea immersion, etc.) in the region as well as their relation with various Earth motions, and provide basic information for the prediction of natural disasters.


V. APSG Organization


APSG Management Board(9persons)

Houtze Hsu (Chair), Institute of Geodesy & Geophysics, China

Shuhua Ye (Advisor), Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, China

John Labrecque, NASA Headquarters, USA Kosuke Heki, Hokkaido University, Japan Pil-Ho Park, Korea Astronomy and Space Science

Institute, South Korea Suriya Tatevian, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia Kefei Zhang, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology

University, Australia Benjamin Chao, Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia

Sinica, Taiwan, China Xiaoli Ding, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China


APSG Management Board1996

(7 persons)

John Manning, (AUSTRALIA)

Shuhua Ye, (CHINA, Chair)

Sobar Sustina, (INDONESIA)

Masao Ishihara, (JAPAN)

Uk Han, (S. KOREA)

V. N. Strakhov, (RUSSIA)

Miriam Baltuck, (USA)


APSG Management Board2005

(11persons)

John Manning, (AUSTRALIA)

Shuhua Ye, (CHINA, Chair) Allain Bonnesville, (FRANCE)

Christoph Reigber, (GERMANY) Madhav Kulkarni, (INDIA)

Sobar Sustina, (INDONESIA)

Kosuke Heki, (JAPAN)

Pil-Ho Park, (S. KOREA)

Suriya Tatevian, (RUSSIA)

John LaBrecque, (USA) Special Advisor: Miriam Baltuck, (USA)


APSG Central Bureau

Huang Cheng, Head, SAO, CAS, China

Michael R. Pearlman, Advisor, Havard-Smithsonian Center for

Astrophysics, USA

Ding Xiaoli, Secretary, Polytechnic University, Hong Kong,

China

Qian Zhihan, Member, SAO, CAS, China

Zhou Ruixian, Member, SAO, CAS, China------------------------------------------------------------------------

Postal address: 80 Nandan Rd., Shanghai 200030, P.R. China

Tel: 86-21-64876588 ; Fax: 86-21-64696291

E-mail: [email protected]

Website: http://www.shao.ac.cn/APSG


VI. Activities of APSG

1. The First APSG Meeting, Shanghai, China, May 14-17,

1996. The structure of APSG has been established.

65 participants, hosted by Shanghai Astronomical

Observatory, CAS, CHINA. Prof. YE Shuhua was

elected as the chair of APSG Management Board

2. Workshop for APT and APSG, Kashima, Japan, Dec.

10-13,1996. Mainly on VLBI Technique, 93

participants, hosted by CRL, Japan.

3. The Second APSG Meeting, Tahiti, French Polynesia,

May, 12-16, 1998. Promotion of Science Workgroup

was discussed. 52 participants, hosted by NASA, USA.


4. International Workshop on GEMSTONE, APT/APSG Sessions, Tokyo, Japan, on Jan. 25-28, 1999. 96

participants, hosted by CRL, Japan.

5. The Third APSG Meeting, Tsukuba, Japan, on Oct. 20-21, 1999. In conjunction with the International Symposium on GPS, APSG Plenary Meeting on Oct. 20, Management Board Meeting on Oct. 21. Working Group Reports, and Network station proposed. 45 participants.

6. Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting. Tokyo, Japan,

June 27-30, 2000, APSG Session on June 30.


7. The Fourth Workshop of the APSG, Shanghai ,China,

on May 14-19, 2001. 112 participants, hosted by Shanghai

Astronomical Observatory.

8. The APSG-Irkutsk Seminar, Irkutsk, Russia, on Aug 5-10,

2002. 44 participants, hosted by Institute of Astronomy,

Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.

9. The International GPS Occultation Sciences Workshop

under APSG, Chengdu, China, on Sept. 16-22, 2002.

10. APSG Business Meeting, Sapporo, Japan on July 8, 2003,

40 participants, during IUGG/IAG General Assembly.


11. APSG 2004 Workshop, Singapore, on July 6-8, 2004, Joint the AOGS, 41 participants.

12. APSG 2005 Workshop, Hong Kong, China, on June 15-17, 2005, 55 participants, hosted by Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.

13. APSG 2006 Workshop, Jeju Island, S. Korea, on Oct. 16-18, 2006, hosted by Korea Astronomy and Space Sciences Institute (KASI). S. Korea . 70 participants.

14. APSG Workshop 2008 to be held in Novosibirsk, Russia, from Sept. 22 to 26, 2008, 43 participants, hosted by Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (Siberian Branch, RAS) and Institute of Astronomy, RAS.


15. APSG 2009 Workshop, on 17-21 August, 2009, Urumqi,

CHINA, 66 participants, hosted by Urumqi

Astronomical Observatory, National Astronomical

Observatories, CAS.

Prof. Hsu Houtze was elected as the new chair of APSG Management Board, in this year.

16. APSG 2010 Workshop, held in Shanghai, China, on 16-20 August 2010 , more than 100 participants, hosted by Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, China.

17. APSG 2011 Workshop, on 25-27 June, 2011, in Melbourne, Australia, more than 40 participants, hosted by The RMIT University, Australia.


APSG 2001The Fourth Workshop on the Asia-Pacific Space

Geodynamics Program

Shanghai, P. R. ChinaMay 5-10, 2001


APSG 2002

5-10 August, 2002, Irkutsk, Russia


APSG 2006

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryAPSG 2008

Novosibirsk Russia, Sept. 22 – 26, 2008


APSG 2010


APSG 2011

25-27 June, 2011, Melbourne, Australia


VII Some ProgressCrustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONC) and the latest measurement results, China

Key Stone Network, CRL, Japan

QUASAR Project, IAA, RAS, Russia

Seismic Wave Observations with GPS, SIO, USA

APSG VLBI Experiments

Updated Velocity Estimates of Permanent GPS Sites in and Around Asia

Study on the Relationship between the Sea Level Change, Earth Rotation Variations and El Nino.

GPS Meteorology

Ground Displacements by InSAR

To detect underground water depletion by using GRACE

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryHorizontal Velocities by GPS

in China


Crustal Motions by GPS in Tibetan Plateau

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryKeystone Network and Some

Results

Geodetic Satellite Quasar

SLRVLBIKoganei

Kashima

Philippine Sea Plate

North American Plate

Pacific Plate

4cm/year

9cm/year

Earthquakes

9cm/year

Miura

Tateyama

CentralStation


Volcanic eruption observation with GPS

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatorySeismic Wave Observations

with GPS

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryHorizontal Velocities of VLBI

Sites in Asia-Pacific Area

上海天文台Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryMonitoring of Sea Level

Change and El Nino Event

Monthly means of sea surface height in Pacific equatorial area in the period of the El Nino event in 1997-98.

(Reference epoch: 1995)


Monitoring of Water Vapor with GPS

Shanghai

day of yearPre

cip

itab

le W

ate

r V

ap

or

(mm

)

GPS观测值探空气球


Summary ■ APSG was initiated in 1996 and has passed 17 years. ■ The APSG’s history of growth and achieved success come from the efforts of all the participants. ■ We clearly remember the scene of last many APSG Workshops, in which APSG friends not only made research exchange, but also strengthened international cooperation and friendship companied with APSG song. ■ We sincerely hope that this Symposium of APSG will make much greater success under your active participation.


Thanks!

上海天文台 shanghai astronomical observatory cheng huang progress on asia-pacific space...

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