คู่มือประกอบการอบรม ubuntu administrator.pdf

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www.lanna-oss.org

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50% Server

Ubuntu Administrator Ubuntu Server

Ubuntu Server Text Mode Text Mode Server

(www.lanna-oss.org) 08-7185-0920

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ubuntu 4 6 7 Ubuntu Server 10 command line 23 vi 34 shell script 35 37


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Mac

GUI Graphics User Interface mouse

Unix (Linus Benedict Torvalds) Unix (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds)

. (Richard Matthew Stallman) GNU copy left copy right Driver Printer (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Stallman)


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(Mark Shuttleworth) (Canonical)

I am what I am because of who we all are. (http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu)

Server 50% Server Serve Ubuntu Linux Ubuntu Ubuntu Desktop Ubuntu Server Ubuntu help.ubuntu.com


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Hardware Hardware Hardware Kernel (Application)(Hardware) Kernel www.kernel.org

shell x-windows shell x-windows x-windows Gnome(www.gnome.org) Ubuntu

Application Application


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FAT , FAT32, NTFS EXT2 , EXT3, EXT4 Unix DOS 2 1. (File Name) Case Sensitive Mydata mydata Case Sensitive copy FAT32 NTFS External drive copy copy FAT32 NTFS

2. (Permission)

DOS FAT32 NTFS (Read only) (Hidden File)


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Unix (Multi User)

(Owner) (Group) Other

3 read write execution (run program)


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ls -l ls -l ternmal ouychai@ouychai-desktop:~/C$ ls -l total 44 -rw-r--r-- 1 ouychai ouychai 864 2009-12-13 10:29 myfirsttime.c -rw-r--r-- 1 ouychai ouychai 0 2009-12-13 10:29 myfirsttime.c~ -rwxr-xr-x 1 ouychai ouychai 8260 2010-01-15 06:47 test2 -rw-r--r-- 1 ouychai ouychai 88 2010-01-15 06:46 test2.c -rw-r--r-- 1 ouychai ouychai 209 2010-01-15 06:45 test2.c~ -rwxr-xr-x 1 ouychai ouychai 8260 2010-01-15 06:47 test3 -rw-r--r-- 1 ouychai ouychai 84 2010-01-15 06:47 test3.c -rw-r--r-- 1 ouychai ouychai 84 2010-01-15 06:46 test3.c~

ouychai@ouychai-desktop:~/C$ ouychai ouychai ouychai ouychai permission

(permission) drwxrwxrwx d Directory Directory r Read w Write x Execution -


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Ubuntu Server

ubuntu Server BIOS boot CD ROM boot

1 English


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2 2 Install

Ubuntu Server Enter


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3

4 Asia

Other


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5 Asia

6


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7 Keyboard Layout

No

8 USA


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9 keyboard USA

10 IP DHCP


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11 hostname

12

Domain name


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13 Disk Guided use entire disk

and set up LVM

14 LVM

Yes


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15 Harddisk Continue

16 Yes


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17 login

18


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19 folder home

No

19 proxy


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20 Install security updates

automatically

21 Server package


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22

CD Continue


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command line

command line Ubuntu Server login command line command line

Unix Case sensitive case sentsitive command .....

ls ( dir DOS) list ls [option] [file]option ls -l Long Format Permission -a -F / Directory * execute ls l ls -al ls -F

adduser User Unix,Linux adduser -g (group) -d (Directory) (User) adduser -g root -d /home/user1 user User Login user1 root

useradd User Unix,Linux ( adduser) useradd -g (group) -d (Directory) (User) useradd -g root -d /home/user1 user User Login user1 root

userdel User Unix,Linux userdel [option] (Username)


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userdel -r root user1 User Login User1 -r Home Directory User1 passwd User Unix,Linux passwd [Username] passwd user1 ( User1 User Unix Login )

alias Unix,Linux ( SET DOS RUN ) alias [=] alias copy=cp copy cp

bash Bourne again shell Unix,Linux bash bash [Enter] ( Bourne again shell)

bc Unix,Linux bc [-lwsqv] [option] [file] bc [Enter] 1+2 [Enter] 1^2 [Enter] a=3 [Enter] b=4 [Enter] a*b [Enter] x=2;y=5;x+y[Enter] [Ctrl-d] : Install Packet

cp ( copy DOS) copy cp source target #cp test.txt /home/user1

cal Unix,Linux cal


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cal [Enter]( )cal -y [Enter]( )

cat File Unix,Linux ( Type DOS) cat cat /home/user1 | more /home/user1

C Compiler Compile C Unix,Linux ( Type DOS) cc [filename] cc /home/user1/industry.c Compile C industry.c Directory /home/user1

cd Change Directory Unix,Linux ( CD DOS) cd [directory] cd /etc [Enter] Directory etccd ..[Enter] Directory 1

chfin Change your finger information Unix,Linux ( User ) chfn [username] chfn User1 User1

chgrp Change Group Unix,Linux () chgrp [-chfRv] (Group) (File) chgrp root /root/* Group /root Group root

chmod Change Mode Unix,Linux ()


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chmod [] (File) test chmod 754 test chmod go +r-w test chmod o-r * Mode rwx = 7 ; rw - =6 ; r-x =5 ; r- - = 4 ; - wx = 3 ; - w - = 2 ; - - x = 1 ; - - = 02 1.2. 2 (1 ) User Group Other = ugo go-r-w+x Run -rwx rwx rwx = Read Write Execute 111 101 100 = 754 Group Execute

chown Change Owner Unix,Linux () chown [] ( File) chown user1 filename filename User1chown -R user1.root dirname Sub dirname.

chsh chsh Unix,Linux ( Shell User) chsh [Username] chsh user1 [Enter] /bin/bash [Enter]

clear clear Unix,Linux ( cls dos) clear clear [Enter]

cal Unix,Linux cal cal [Enter]( )


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cal -y [Enter]( )

mesgmesg status terminalmesg y terminal mesg n terminal

date date 17 May 2004

df df Unix,Linux () df [option] [file] df [Enter]

dmesg dmesg Unix,Linux ( Boot) dmesg dmesg | more [Enter] Linux Driver CD-Rom

echo echo Unix,Linux ( ECHO DOS) echo () echo my name is user1echo Hello > /dev/tty2 Hello 2

ed ed Unix,Linux ( Text file edlin DOS) ed (fileName) ed /home/user/test ( q)


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pico vi emacs

emacs emacs Unix,Linux ( Text file ) emacs (fileName) emacs /home/user/test (help Ctrl - h ; Ctrl - x Ctrl - c)

exit exit Unix,Linux ( ) exit exit

finger finger Unix,Linux ( User Login Who ) finger [username] finger user1 user1

fsck fsck Unix,Linux ( Linux file system Scandisk Dos) fsck [option] /sbin/fsck -a /dev/hd1

ftp ftp Unix,Linux (- ) ftp (IP or Name of FTP Server ) ftp 132.209.1.2 [Enter]

Login:anonymous , Password: [email protected] ls - ; pwd -dir. ;cd - dir ;lcd - local dir ;mput* - ;mget ;bye -


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grep grep Unix,Linux ( ) grep (option) grep -i ftp /etc/test "ftp"- /etc/test

groupadd groupadd Unix,Linux ( User) groupadd (GroupName ) #groupadd staff User Staff

groupdel groupdel Unix,Linux ( User) groupadd (GroupName ) #groupdel staff User Staff

gzip/gunzip gzip/gunzip Unix,Linux () gzip gunzip (-cdfhlLnNrtv19 ) [file] #gzip -9vr /home/samba/* Sub /home/samba .gz#gunzip -dvr /home/samba/* .gz Sub /home/samba

halt halt Unix,Linux () halt [-n] [-w] [-d] [-f] [-I] [-p] #halt Shutdown ; init0 , reboot

history history Unix,Linux ( Command line F7 DOS Dos key) history [n] [-r wan [filename] ]


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#history 20 20

ifconfig history Unix,Linux ( Network Lan Card) ifconfig [option] #ifconfig

ipchains ipchains Unix,Linux ( Firewall) ipchains [parameter] command [option] #ipchains -L Set IPchains

jobs jobs Unix,Linux ( Firewall) jobs #sleep 20 & jobs

kill kill Unix,Linux ( Process) kill [option] (process ID) ps -A PID Process Kill -9

login login nnn nnn PID -9 Unix,Linux ( User Login) login [fp] (UserName) #login:root

mkdir directory ( dos) make directory mkdir mkdir [option] [file] option mkdir


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-m Permissioin ( chmod )-p Parent Directory directory relative absolute path mkdir /homemkdir -p -m755 ~/home/user1

mv Directory ( dos) move mv source target mv *.tar /backupmv test.txt old.txtmv bin oldbin

more cat more more file more = q h help more test.txt

man man Unix,Linux ( ) man (Command) #man ls q ;-b|-k|-m] option free


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-b byte-k kilobyte-m megabyte free free b free -k

pwd Directory ( cd DOS) print work directory / pwd

uname OS cpu uname -a

hostname hostname

tty terminal tty

id id

http://forum.ubuntuclub.com/forum?topic=14294.15


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3 - apt-get

apt-get package sudo apt-get install sudo apt-get remove sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade - aptitude

aptitude apt-get aptitude upgrade kernel- compile

compile compile tar -zxvf .tar.gzcd ./configuremakesudo make install


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VI

Editor edit DOS CW , RW word processor editor help vi

vi editor classics pico nano

$vi myfile.txt i myfile.txt esc command mode :w vi :q vi :q!

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VimHowto


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shell script

command line command line command line shell script DOS Bat File (.BAT)

shell Ubuntu Server

shell script

shell script vi editor $vi myscript.sh#!/bin/shecho This is my shell script.ls -l

$./myscript.sh shell shell # #!/bin/sh shell sh

shell script

shell script vi editor !/bin/sh if [ $# = 0 ] then echo " Do nothing. " exit elif [ $1 = 'died' ] then echo "I will destroy everything"


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elif [ $1 = 'leaving' ] then echo "I will leaving." else echo " I don't understand ". fi echo "finish command."

shell script shell script $./myscript.sh leaving I will leaving


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. Ubuntu. 1. : , 2551

. Red Hat Linux. :

. Linux Admin. :,2544.

. . Ubuntu Linux Server 2. Bandhit Press 2553.

. Ubuntu + Perl. 1. : , 2552


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