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UNIT 1UNIT 1

Effective

Communication

4

Practical Reading 5

1 Text A 2

Reading Skills 11

Fast Reading3

Contents

Text B

Reading Skills

Sample

Let’s try

Context Clues Context Clues

When you come across a new word in your reading, before looking it up in a dictionary, very often you can guess its meaning from its context. Context here means words, phrases, or sentences surrounding a word and the situation in which it is used. There are often specific words (context clues) in a sentence or paragraph that can help you determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word. We will discuss the following context clues from Unit 1 to Unit 3.

1. Definition Clues ( 定义 ) 2. Restatement/Synonym Clues （重述 / 同义） 3. Contrast/Antonym Clues （对比 / 反义） 4. Example Clues （示例） 5. Cause and Effect Relationships （因果关系） 6. General Sense Context Clues （常识）

Definition Clues

The definition of an unknown word is usually given in the sentence by a clue that comes right after or before it. The clue words include: be, mean, be called, that is, be known as, refer to, be said to, be described as, be termed…

Sample 1

An unreasonable and lasting fear of something is called a phobia.

画线词的含义很明确：对某一事物莫名而持久的恐惧。

Restatement/Synonym Clues

A sentence with a difficult word often contains a more familiar word to make it easy to understand. You may recognize some synonyms because they are set apart by commas, dashes, or parentheses. Synonyms are words or phrases that are similar in meaning to other words.

Sample 2

They seem to have problems with directionality. In other words, they get lost.

通过 “ In other words” 我们推断这两句话的含义相同，即他们迷路了。由此，断定画线词的意思为“方向、方向感”。

Let’s Try

1. Experts in kinesics, in their study of body motion as related to speech, hope to discover new methods of communication.

A. the study of body motion B. the study of history C. the study of communication

2. The weather in Hawaii is always mild. It is pleasant and warm. There is usually a light wind to cool the air ．

A. rainy B. very hot C. not too hot or too cold

3. Whales and elephants are gigantic animals ． No other animals can compare with them in size ．

A. sea B. land C. huge

4. In this season, the prevailing winds, those usually blowing from the same direction, come from the west.

A. When you speak of the direction from which winds usually blow, you speak of prevailing winds.

B. The strongest winds in an area are its prevailing winds.C. A prevailing wind is one that destroys everything in its path.

( A )

( C )

( C )

( A )

5. He is a courteous young man. He always says “please and thank you” and respects older people.

A. polite B. short C. smart 6. Usually if restaurant food is poorly prepared, I don’t criticize the

waiter. Instead, I reprimand the manager.A. speak to B. complain to C. criticize formally7. Mother was tall, fat, and middle aged. The principal of the school

was an old woman, almost as chubby as mother, and much shorter.

A. tall B. fat C. thin8. Many businessmen act on intuition, which is immediate

understanding of a situation without consciously thinking about it. A. Intuition requires time for careful study B. Intuition is a quick response to a situationC. If a person acts on intuition, he has thought a good deal about

what he is going to do

Let’s Try

( A )

( C )

( B )

( B )

9. Weather experts say that a drought is imminent, likely to occur at any time this year or next.

A. An imminent danger is one close at hand.

B. If a drought is imminent, it will not occur for many years.

C. An imminent drought is not very serious.

10. Dr. Barnard was a member of an agricultural mission to India, a group of experts on better farming methods.

A. A mission is a group of immigrants.

B. A mission is a group of tourists.

C. A mission is a group sent abroad to provide help to a foreign country

Let’s Try

( A )

( C )

1. Body movement includes movements of the hands, head, feet and legs, posture, eye movements, and ------- all these affect the message.2. When you are in doubt about the meaning of non-verbal behavior, confirm it with the sender and try not to make .3. He her silence as giving consent.4. One day the truth about these events will be .5. and clothing are important and highly visible parts of non-verbal communication.6. The artist asked his model to take a reclining .7. Damages were at $20,000.8. On entering his house, we at once him to be a man of taste.9. She was the most beautiful woman he had ever upon.

II. Fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase from the list. Change the form where necessary.

Text A

facial expressions

assumptions

misinterpreted revealed

Appearance

posture assessed

perceived gazed

Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 毫无疑问，善于倾听的人能与客户保持良好

关系。

2. 如果进行目光交流，你就知道对方是否同意

你的意见。

3. 倾听能让客户感到你对他们以及他们的需求

或问题真正地感兴趣，同时倾听也能让他们自

我感觉良好。

4. 在反映说话人的感情和喜爱方面，信息中的

非语言部分往往比语言部分更自发，也更诚实。

5. 握手能表示平等和友好 , 拍拍肩膀则表示亲

密或控制。

Text A

1. There is no doubt that good listeners will maintain good relations with clients. 2. If you maintain eye contact, you can tell whether the other person is agreeing with you or not.3. Good listening makes a client feel as though you are genuinely interested in them and their needs or problems, and it also makes them feel good about themselves.4. The non-verbal part of a message often reveals a sender’s feelings and preferences more spontaneously and honestly than the verbal part. 5. A handshake can express equality or friendliness, while a pat on the arm can convey intimacy or control.

Choose the best answer for each of the following questions according to the text.

1. Nonverbal Communication includes the following except . A. touch B. gesture C. tone of voice D. image

2. Which of the following statements is not true ? A. Voice qualities such as loudness, pitch and speed convey quite

different meanings. B. Non-verbal communication equals to body language. C. The amount of space is influenced by level of familiarity, personality

characteristics, situational factors, etc. D. Perfume, clothes, lipstick and hairpins reflect the style or mood of

the wearer.

Fast Reading

D

B

3. The word “proxemics” ( Para 7, Line 1 ) most probably means .

A. intimacy B. closeness C. the state of being near in space D. personal space 4. People maintain the smallest space when they speak to . A. strangers B. friends and family members C. intimates D. colleagues 5. If you wish to convey a positive message through non-verbal c

ommunication, you should . A. speak loudly B. avoid making eye contact C. dress appro

priately D. stay very close with business associate when having a talk wit

h them 6. The word “haptics ” (Para 9, Line 1) most probably means . A. communication B. touch C. behavior D. interaction

Fast Reading

D

C

C

B

1. His eyes over at the sight of her.

2. The little boy going to bed in the dark.

3. An light seemed to be coming from the

castle.

4. These missiles can be fired with accuracy.

5. He shows complete of his chosen subject.

6. Anna was almost crying with .

7. He had a for music.

8. A cigarette started the forest fire.

9. The music memories of her youth.

10. I’ll help you with your mathematics if you’re

.

11. He was highly at avoiding trouble.

12. I a cigarette to him.

II. Fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase from the list. Change the form where necessary.

Text B

glazed dreads

uncanny

pinpoint mastery

frustration

passion

spark evoked

stuck adept

tossed

Column A Column B.

1. Ericsson (Mobile) a. Ask for more.

2. Nike b. A Kodak moment.

3. Philips c. Just do it.

4. Kodak d. Make yourself heard.

5. Pepsi-cola e. Let's make things better.

6. Sprite f. No business too small, no problem

too big.

7. Toyota g. Tide's in, dirt's out.

8. Colgate h. Poetry in motion, dancing close to

me.

9. Tide i. Obey your thirst.

10. IBM j. Good teeth, good health

III. Match each of the items in Column A with its advertisement in Column B.

Text B

1. To me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color. 对我而言，过去平淡无奇；而未来，却是绚烂缤纷。2. Good to the last drop. 滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。3. The relentless pursuit of perfection. 不懈追求完美。4. Intelligence everywhere.智慧演绎，无处不在。5. The world smiles with Reader's Digest. 《读者文摘》给全世界带来欢笑。6. Focus on life. 瞄准生活。 ( 奥林巴斯相机 ) 7. Started Ahead. 成功之路 , 从头开始。8. We lead. Others copy. 我们领先，他人仿效。

Text B

IV. Translating the following advertisements into Chinese.

1. Gestures, posture, body movements and tone of voice can convey important information that isn’t put into words.

2. When words fail to match up with nonverbal signals, people tend to focus on what has been said.

3. If you are really interested in something, speak with a flat tone to express your enthusiasm.

4. People try to hide something in a conversation without eye contact.

5. Staring fixedly into someone’s eyes is impolite. 6. When you are in doubt about the meaning of nonverbal

behavior, try to make assumptions. 7. You can use gestures to emphasize your verbal messages,

especially when speaking to a large group of people. 8. Signals can be misread and one signal might lead to an

inaccurate conclusion about what a person is trying to communicate.

9. Always consider whether your nonverbal behaviors are appropriate or not for the context in both your personal and professional life.

I. Decide whether the following statements are True or False.

Practical ReadingPractical Reading

T F

F

T

T F

T

T

T

II. Fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase from the list. Change the form where necessary.

1. She has an doll.

2. The lion the hunter.

3. The gang tried to the bank manager.

4. She bore her illness with great .

5. He gave her a , cold handshake.

6. She was crippled by . 

7. His good spoke well for him when he went to apply

for the job.

8. There is a in tying ropes together.

Practical ReadingPractical Reading

animate

evaded

intimidate

fortitude

limp

arthritis

demeanor

knack

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