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TONNGOGAADORAGOL JAM, PALTAGOL E PEWJANGOL LUHRE 1

HAKKEEJI AADEEƁE 2

ƁIYLEYDAAGAL E RENNDANKAAGU 3

DEMOKARASI E PEEWAL LAAMU 4

NGONAAGU, JOOPAL JAM, E ƁAMTAARE 5

CELLAL RENNDO, TAARIINDI E ƁAMTAARE DUUMOTOONDE 6

TIPPONDIRAL DIIWAAN 7

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DOGGOL LOOWDIIJINgardiika …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… H.

Fannuure 1 : Gaadoral jam, paltagol e pewjangol luhre ………………………………. H.Les-tiitoonde 1 : gaadoral jam Les-tiitoonde 2 : pl

Fannuure 2 : Hakkeeji aadee…………………………………………………………………….…… H. Les-tiitoonde 1 : Yuɓɓooji hakkeeji aadee hakkunde-leyɗeeji, diiwaninkooji e ngenndinkoojiLes-tiitoonde 2 : haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e mbaadiiji hakkeeji aadee.

Fannuure 3 : Ɓiyleydaagal e renndankaagu ………………………………………………… H. Les-tiitoonde 1 : ƁiyleydaagalLes-tiitoonde 2 : Renndankaagu

Fannuure 4 : Demokarasi e peewal laamu …………………………………………………… H.Les-tiitoonde 1 : Demokarasi Les-tiitoonde 2 : Peewal laamu

Fannuure 5 : Ngonaagu, joopal jam, e ɓamtaare …………………………………………….. H.

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Jaɓɓal jowitiingal e ngonaaguLes-tiitoonde 2 : Ngonaagu, Casol wonande jam e ɓamtaare

Fannuure 6 : Cellal renndo, taariindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde …………………… H.

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Cellal renndo e taariindiLes-tiitoonde 2 : ɓamtaare duumotoonde

Fannuure 7 : Tippondiral leyɗeele diiwaan ……………….…………………………………… H.

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Yi’annde e gollal (lelngo golle) CEDEAOLes-tiitoonde 2 : Faade e CEDEAO mbo leƴƴi.

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Doggol defteDoggol tufle webJokke

TONNGE E DAƁƁIƊINAAƊE[cc …]AMAO :…..….UNOWA :

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UDDITIRKADeftere ruttorde Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH « CEDAO», waɗanaande hebloowo keblooɓe ko faatunde e nehdi njamyamaagu, hakkeeji aadee, ɓiyleydaagal, demokarasii kam e tippondiral diiwaan .Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH« CEDAO »sosaa ko ñande 28 Mee 1975 e kawral Lagos to Niseriyaa. Faandaare maggal laaɓnde ko ƴellitde ballondiral e tippondiral faggudu, ngam dañde loŋondiral faggudu e kopporeeje haa ɗum ɓeyda tolno nguurndam ɓiyleydi kawtal ngal, waɗa feere haa faggudu nguu yahra yeeso, toppitoo jokkondiral Dowlaaji ndennduɗi ɗii,naatna juuɗe maggal e ɓamtaare e ƴellitaare duundeere Afirk. No ɗum ɓooyiri nii,faandaare kawtal dawaa dawi ngal layii/mawnii. Sabii ɗum ko waylowaylooji aduna kesi,peeñanɗi fofof’en, kam e jokkondire keewɗe ngonɗe hakkunde leyɗeele 15 kawtal ngal. Ɗowi ɗe ko ɗee doosɗe ceŋiiɗe : potal e ballondiral, jokkondiral/nangondiral hakkunde Dowlaaji paabondiral e ngonangol hoore mum denndangol. Doosɗe ceŋiiɗe keddiiɗe ɗee ko : jahdodingol politikaaji e tippondiral porogaraamuuji jillondiral Potal e jowtondiral Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii Nanngondiral e baawangol hoore mum denndangol Gollondiral hakkunde-Dowlaaji Laaɓtal, potondiral to ngalu e renndo Baasgol tooñondirde hakkunde Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii Ñiiɓnugol jam, deeƴre e kisal Cafrirgol jam luhre e beemondire Dewtagol, ƴellitgol e deentugol hakkeeji aadee Ƴellitgol e tiiɗtingol demokarasi. Cafrirgol jam luhre e beemondire, dewtagol, ƴellitgol e deentugol hakkeeji aadee ƴellitgol e tiiɗtingol demokarasii e laamu newiingu kam e laaɓtal, potondiral to ngalu e renndo. Waawde waɗde ndee faandaare ƴellitiinde e nder diiwaan leƴƴi e pine kewceertuɗi, mo dillere renndo e faggudu, ko ɗum golle alaa e sikke saɗtuɗe/tiiɗɗe. Kono noon, so Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH« CEDAO »lollirii hannde, goomu faggudu baɗngu golle paarnorteeɗe to banngal njuɗɗondiral hakkunde leyɗeele, alaa e sago njetten miijtinooɓe keshesɗingol ngal ɓee, kam e pellital e fodannde, gardiiɓe diiwaan ɓee, tiiɗɗe,e kala ɓeen njiɗɓe oo porogaraam tippondiral diiwaan. Ngam dañde jam e deeƴre politik e nder oo diiwaan jiiɓiiɗo, Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH« CEDAO », huutorii peeje paltorɗe njahdinooje, deengol jam kam e dadanagol jam, kala ɗo ɗum hatojinaa e nder peeje kewceertuɗe garooje les ɗee, teeŋti noon : porotokool/kawral 1999 paltagol, kisnugol, pewjangol luhre, jam e kisal. porotokool/kawral 2001 ɓeydaaɗo/ɓeydaangal e demokarasii/ potal kam e peewal laamu porotokool /Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH« CEDAO » paltotooɗo/ paltotoongal luureeji/luhreeji 2008. Porotokool/Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH « CEDEAO» mo janngingol/ ngal janngingol e keblugol 2003.E nguurndam Kawtal Faggudu Leyɗeele Afrik Bannge Hirnaange KFLABH« CEDEAO » e nder ɗii duuɓi 37, teeŋti noon e 20 gadiiɗi ɗii, porotokooluuji kaalaaɗi dow ɗii / kawre kaalaaɗe dow ɗee, ngollondrii e politikaaji, taƴne, peeje e termondire keewɗe gonduɗe e faayida. Faandaare ɗii porotokooluuji e KFLABH« CEDAO » woni waawde waɗde haa ɗii kareeli hakkunde yimɓe, dente, walla leƴƴi, kam e ɗii kareeli nder leydiiji, haa eɗi hakkunde dowlaaji, e nder KFLABH« CEDAO », saabii ɗum fof ko pewjangol luhre/ daranagol luhre gondungol e faayida.Suudu sarɗiiji KFLABH« CEDAO » e suudu mum ñaawirdu, doole KFLABH« CEDAO » padndorɗe, eɗe tawtoraa e limoore yoga e doosɗe ɗe konferaas hooreeɓe dowlaaji e

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gardiiɓe gonomaaji ndarni ngam tammbitaade doosɗe ñaawirɗe e mahngo jam e kisal.So tawii peeje goodɗe, ɗe tiiɗtingol jam, paltagol, kisnugol, ñifgol kareeli e sippirgol e majji walla kaɓagol ɗi, ngonii suɓngooji goodɗi, darangol/ kuccangol kaangol sastude casi ɗii kam e jokkondire ƴulluɗe poɗɗe waɗeede, ɗum ina naamnii, kam e hoore mum, ɓetooji keewɗi deggondirɗi, kam e peewnitgol peeje walla kollirgol peeje kese ngam heɓde /dañde, njeñcudi ɓurndi wondude e nafooje. Ngoo miijo ko ngo doosgal tigi-rigi ndee darnde nehgol/janngingol, e kuutoragol janngingol/ nehgol hono aala/gollirgal ɓamtugol/ƴellitgol nehdi jam/njamyamaagu e nder diiwaan Afrik bannge hirnaange.So en mbaɗii janngingol ngol, ndaɗɗudi tigi-rigi, ɗuum feewat haaɗtirde peewal. Saabii ɗum ko yimɓe diiwaan ɓee, ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe ko sukaaɓe ,(laamotooɓe janngo) etee ina haani faaminde ɓe,janngina ɓe njamyamaagu.Ko e nder kaa ngonka ndee deftere duttorde KFLABH « CEDAO » feewnanaa hebloowo keblooɓe jannginooɓe e dow ballal karallaagal e finaasmaa gollodotooɓe to batte ɓamtagol, teeŋti noon (Ineskoo-Beredaa) « UNESCO-BREDA » ngonɗo ɗoo e Dakaar « DAKAR » kam e Banke Afrik Daraniiɗo Ɓamtagol (BADƁ) « BAD ».Ndee deftere duttorde, ko nde doosgal gondungal e faayida wonande ɓee yimɓe njiɗanɓe ngal KFLABH « CEDAO » jam. Jibini ndee deftere ko gollondiral jaajngal, laaɓngal, baɗangal e nder diiwaan KFLABH « CEDAO » oo fof, e hitaande 2006, tuugnaade e gannde haralleeɓe ceeɓɓe hakkillaaji « ekpeer’en » e tiiɗtingol jam e nder diiwaan oo kam e boowal mum e dow ballal Ineskoo « UNESCO»Deftere ndee loowaa ko jannaɗe jeeɗiɗi paatuɗe e gaadoragol jam, paltagol e pewjangol luhre ; hakkeeji aadeeɓe ; ɓiyleydaagal e renndankaagu ; demokarasi e peewal laamu ; ngonaagu, joopal jam, e ɓamtaare ; cellal renndo, taariindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde ;tippondiral diiwaan Kala fannuure ina dañi les tiitooɗe, jogiiɗe naatirɗe, duttorɗe, paandale mawɗe ngam ɗowde jannginoowo oo, kam e kaatume janngingol misaaleeje beeɓɗe huutorde ngam waawa yahdude e kala jannginooɓe keɓtiiɓe e nder leyɗeele KFLABH « CEDAO.» ɗee fof Hono noon, deftere ndee ina moƴƴi etee ende waawi kadi huutoreede ngam keblugol jannginooɓe ngonɓe e nder janngingol so ko ngol laamu walla alaa, e tolnooji janngingol e ekkitagol ɓurondirɗi.Faandaare ɓurnde toowde e ndee deftere, ko heblude yoga e yimɓe KFLABH miijtotooɓe, dañɓe baawɗe jaakoraaɗe e fannuuji ganndal e karalla e janngingol kam e baawwɗe paatuɗe e yurmeende jowitiiɗe e ɓure, ngonirkaaji moƴƴi tammbittooɗe jam, muñondiral kam e guurdigal aadeeɓe KFLABH e jam.Kaa naatirka, hollirii ndee deftere duttorde KFLABH, nde toɓɓe : nehdi jamyamaagu, hakkeeji aade, ɓiyleydaagal , demokarasi e peewal laamu, fannu keblooɓe jannginooɓe jaajɗo, ngam dowlaaji jeyaaɗi e KFLABH ɗi ngalaa porogaraam bayɗo nii, mbaawa tuugnorde nde,kam e jeytogol e ɓeyditgol deftere ndee, wonande dowlaaji ndañɗi funeere oo porogaraam.

Kadré Désiré Ouédraogo[Kaadere Desiree Weedarawogo ]Hooreejo Komisoŋ CEDEAO

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JETTOOJE

KFLABH yetti BAD kam e UNESCO ɓe ballal mumen heerorii peewnugol ndee deftere duttorde KFLABH. E nder ɓosɓosal ngal fof, ɓe kollirii aandande nde alaa ella/ñawaa , kam e gollondiral jooɗngal e nder ngoo eɓɓo/porose jiilogol ganndal e jeñcingol. Oo njettoor ina faati kadi e ɓee tawtoraaɓe e peewnugol ndee deftere hittunde, wonande ekspeer leyɗeele tawtoraaɗe e KFLABH ɗee fof. Min njettii, teeŋti noon hoohooɓe politik e laamiiɓe Dowlaaji KFLABH, beeɓnanɓe min cay-cay/tusuur golle dente ɗe Dakar Lome, Ouagadougou kam e Abuja. Min mbeltaniima ɓee gollodotooɓe fof fawaade e oo ɗamawu tippondiral diiwaan mo ndañ-ɗen enen fof, mo njaakoran-leƴƴi men ɗii eɗi KFLABH « CEDEAO ».

NGARDIIKAMiijo darnugol renndo fa’tungo faggudu Afrik bannge hirnaange ari ko ŋaaftude (teppitde)1 miijo yowitinoongo e silde (talde, silkitde) Afrik. Ko ñande 28 lewru Me e hitaande 1975 to Lagos, leyɗeele 15 tawaaɗe e Afrik bannge hirnaange ciifi ahdi darnirɗo CEDEAO. Ko gila ndeen oon ahdi aafi tugaale gadane nanondiral Afrik.Faandaare nde ko yaajnude wertaango fa’tungo e faggudu, renndo e pinal, maa boom politik. Ɗum joopii ko mahtagol Afrik bannge hirnaange, wonta ngenndi ngootiri.Ko CEDEAO roonti hoore mum ƴellitde naatnaatondiral faggudu (hawtude jeere e kaalis), naatnaatondiral politik (goomu laawɗinoongu, goomu faggudu e renndo, ñaawirde sariya), naatnaatondiral ndeenka e kisal e njogitaaje. Ko ɗeen naatnaatondire innetee ECOMOG darnaaɗo e hitaande 1999.Ina woodi tuugnorɗe cemmbuɗe tammbotooɗe gollal renndo. Ina haani teskee heen ɗeeɗo:

Hormagol (ɗowtagol), ƴellitgol kañe hisnugol hakkeeji aadee fof. Ƴellitgol e tabitingol potal (demokarasi). Yuɓɓondirgol (temmbondirgol) politikitaaji kañe naatnaatondirgol eɓɓooji

jowitiiɗi e ɓamtaare.

1 Le mot écrit en bleu et mis entre-parenthèses est synonyme du précédent.

Un mot surligné a un sens imprécis

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Kono noon, pergitte keewɗe ina ñiɓii e laawol he, ina palii laatagol ngal tippondiral : luutondirɗe (jeddi) nder-nderiije ɗe leyleeɗe ɗe ngondi e yantude heen politik dalƴuɗo kañe caɗeele laamaagu (laamanteeru) e baasal e ɗamtinagol kisal sabu duumagol luure njogitaaje e nder leyɗeele jeyaaɗe e CEDEAO. Fawtii e ɗeen caɗeele ko saqqaaji nder-ndeeriji ba’ɗi no : lohgol ngaluuji ngenndiiji e battanɗe mum. Ko wonaa ɗum, gooto fof ina fooɗti neɗɗaagu mum tee kadi timmintaake si’nugol ɗeen kuutorɗe sarɗiyaŋkooje tammbiiɗe yaha-ngara yimɓe e jawɗeele mumen.Ngam dartaade (feewtude e) duumagol luure kañ e caɗeele laamaagu kañe ñaaygol hakkeeji aadee, ina haani ƴeewtee yi’annde ndee, kadi ɓuree huɓindeede golle baɗoyteeɗe ɗe.Ina yaakoraa laatinta ɗum noon ko rewirde ekol sabu ekol ko codol cemmbungol newnowol tippondiral ɓure, neesuuji, semmbeeji e podanɗe.

Ko e dow korgol biro diiwaaniyaŋkeejo mo UNESCO to Dakar e ballal Baŋke Afriknaajo mo Ɓamtaare (BAD), CEDEAO moƴƴini nde deftere ruttorde yowitiinde e jannginde ko fa’ti e gaadoral jam (aawgol jam), ko fa’ti e hakkeeji aadee, ko fa’ti e biɗngaagu-leydi, ko fa’ti e demokaraasi. Ko nde kuutorgal wonande leyɗeele tawaaɗe e CEDEAO. Ende firtaa e ɗemngal Farayse, Enngele e Portigee.Nde arani (feewnanaa) ko kala kebloowo (debbo e gorko fof), heblooɓe goomuuji dowintooɗi, heblooɓe duɗe keblooje jannginooɓe e duɗe juɓɓinanaaɗe e duɗe ɗe njuɓɓinanaaka. Ko nde deftere tuugnorteende. E hoore ɗum, ende ɗowa fa’de e loowdiiji, ende joopo ɗate. Nde fooɗanaaki wonde ko nde feññinde ganndine loowdiiji kuuɓtodinɗe saka noon ɗate jannginirɗe timmuɗe.Kebloowo, debbo heen, gorko heen, ko biɗtoowo. Maa o ñoog e nder deftere he tuugnorɗe yeruyaŋkeeje ɗe omo wallitoroo ɓulnaade loowdiiji goɗɗi jibinooji waylagol jikkuuji tijjangol caggal nde laatinaa ɗe jannganɗe.Battane mum, ko ƴellitde e nder wertaango CEDEAO, diɗɗal yurnittoongal (ceeɓngal) renndinngal rewɓe e worɓe tawa ko ɓiɓɓe-leydi afrik, jogiiɓe mbaawkaaji (baawɗe) cemmbuɗi (cemmbuɗe) to senngo gollondiral renndo, jeytaare serindiine(heertiinde) kañ e tawtoragol wellitangol, hattanɓe jogitaade ngonirkaaji e jikkuuji mbaawɗi jibbinde e mahtaade wertaango diiwaaniyaŋkeewo ɗo jam duumii, luure karminaa daa’iman, sarɗiiji ɓamtaare duumotoonde lelnaa haa moƴƴi, e dow hormeede taariindi, ɓure kimmuɗe, luutondire , tawa ko e pellital fottitngal, kuuɓtinngal, ngam ɓiɓngaagu-leydi afrik nguurngu.Nde deftere ruttorde yuɓɓinaa ko e jannganɗe jeeɗiɗi (7). Fannuure fof deftii ko mbaawka ngoota. Jannganɗe ɗee peccii ko e les-tiitooɗe ɗiɗi (2). Heen les-tiitoonde kala faccirta ko mbaawka ngoota feññinooka paandaale toɗɗaaɗe e jaŋde e janningol.Jannginoowo o ina jebbilaa tinndinooje loowdiiji kañ e joope ɗate jannginirɗe. Omo jogii joopornde defte kañ e jokkorɗe enternet ngam o waawa ɓeytitaade ganndal.Janngande fof ina yuɓɓinanaa taƴe e nder haatumeere lelngo golle. gol ina Les-tiitoonde fof ina fewjanaa ɗerewol jannginirgol. Ko ngol dallinorgol tan noon. Ko kebloowo o woodani jaaɓtinde ɗerewol ngol e alhaali o tawa omo tuggoo e tuugnorɗe goodɗe .Janngande 1 haa 7 toɗɗii ko mbaawkaaje tati kimmuɗe :

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- Gollondirde e renndo ngam wuurdude e woɗɓe tawa ko e jokkude paandaale denndaaɗe jowitiiɗe e ɓamtaare e waylagol duumingol e nder wertaango CEDEAO.

Battane ɗaminaaɗeƁiɗɗo-leydi CEDEAO, tawa ko tergal firnungal (guurngal), kumiiɗo e eɓɓo diiwaaniyaŋkeewo ngo “yiɗde wootere ngal nguurndam ngootam” e waajibu ɗo makko potnude hoore makko e oya e ɓeya ngam jokkude paandaale denndaaɗe to senngo tippondiral.- Feññinirde ɓiɗngaagu-leydi golloraade miijo mum siloowo ngam heɓde peeje mahooje jeytaare makko kaŋko hoore makko serendiinde (heertiinde)

Battane ɗaminaaɗeƁiɗɗo-leydi ɓetoowo (ciggoowo) kabaruuji, jogittooɗo ji’anɗe nuunɗuɗe ngam hesɗitinde baɗɗiiɗi makko, kaŋko gonɗo tergal CEDEAO.- Tawtoreede kañum e ɓiɓɓe-leydi woɗɓe, worɓe e rewɓe ɓosɓosal moƴƴingol, laatingol e ɓetgol politikaaji yimɓe.

Battane ɗaminaaɗe

Ɓiɗɗo-leydi jeytuɗo al’alaamaaji kañe peeje golle jaale CEDEAO, tawi kadi omo darii darnde cemmbunde to deenal hakkeeji aadee, demokaraasi e jam e nder golle pewjidaaɗe to senngo tawtoreede to ɗowgol piiji kafu ngenndiyaŋkeeji e les-diiwaaniyaŋkeeji , sarɗi kimmuɗo wonande ɓiɗngaagu-leydi hilniingu ngam henningol kañe peewal laamaagu.Kala leydi ngonndi tergal CEDEAO ina foti jaaɓnude deftere nde e soobeeji ngenndi mum tawa endi tuggoo e ko woodi maa endi timmita deftere nde. Ɗum wonata ko tuugnaade e jaɓɓe jannginirɗe ɗe sartini politik leydi fa’de e jaŋde. No waawi wonirde fof, ina hatojini tuggaade e noone ɗate jannginirɗe kelɗuɗe (firnuɗe) mba’ɗe no: nanndikingol, pijirle gonkinagol, janɗe ( facciro)alhaaliiji, ekwn.. E timmal, ina haani waɗtaneede yila ƴellitgol yi’annde kañe si’nugol golee CEDEAO.

Ann Therese NDONG-JATTA[Aan Terees NDOŊ-JAATA]Gardiiɗo BREDA-UNESCO

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FANNUURE 1GAADORAGOL JAM,

PALTAGOL/PADOWLAAJI DENNDUƊIAGOLE PEWJANGOL / MASLUGOL /

DARANAGOL LUHRE / LUURE

« Nde wonnoo kareeli pewjetee ko e nder hakkillaaji aadeeɓe, ko e nder hakkillaaji aadeeɓe kaɓtorɗe jam poti darneede. »/ Golwole njibintee ko e haqqille aade, ndekete ko e haqqille aade ɗaɓɓitten safaara majje »/ nde wonnoo hare jibintee ko e… nder noon ko e nder haqqille ….

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GAADORAL JAM, PALTAGOL E PEWJANGOLLUHRE 1- Gaadoral jam2- Pewjangol luhre

Naatirde /naatirka/udditirka Jam, ko ɗum mahaango renndo tan, ɗum wonaa ko aadee jibidinaa. Tinndol gootol, ngol wuro Rom hiiɗngo, harɓiyankeewo e oon jamaanu, huutorannoo ina heewnoo ɓaarondirde jam e luhre, walla nii e hare, ina wi’a : « Mo yiɗi jam, heblanto wolde ». Kono miijo gaadoral jam wawataa gooŋɗinde ngool ɗoon konngol : miijo ngoo boom, ɓesnaa ko e mbaadi hakkilaagal ngoɗndi.

Ngaal ɗoon hakkilaagal ngal nganndu-ɗaa, hay so wonii hangal jaɓi wonde luhre ko e nguurndam aadeeɓe njeyaa, sabaabu nde ceertugol yimɓe e nder fannuuji keewɗi ne (pinal, politik, ngalu-e-faggudu, renndo, leƴƴi, diine, ekn.), ngal jaggi ko wonde alaa e sago yimɓe jannga no pewjanirta ɗe, tawa ko e dow jam, ngam jam oon na waawa dañeede, duumoo, kadi waawaa reenteede. Ko ɗuum waɗi boom haa jokkondiral waɗaa, e nder ndee ɗoo fannuure, hakkunde gaadoral jam e peewjangol luhre e dow jam.

Mbaawka njoofaaka e fannuure ndee :

Waɗtorde nafooje, miijooji, jigguuji e karalle, ngam heɓindaade gaadoral jam, kam e jaɓɓal pewjangol luhre.

Les-tiitooɗe fannuure ndee 1 – Gaadoral jam2 – pewjangol luhreLes-tiitoonde 1 : Gaadoral jamMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee

Waɗtorde ɓure (nafooje), miijooji, jigguuji e karalle, ngam anndude tigi gaadoral jam, kam e jaɓɓal pewjangol luhre.

Paandale jaŋde/janngingol = janngingol/janngugol

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- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijooji jowitiiɗe e gaadoral jam ɗee.- Waɗde peeje ƴellitgol gaadoral jam , tawa kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii fof na

mbaɗtoraa, to batte ko ɓe mbaawata addorde heen koo to bannge mu’en.- Yahnude golle laabi jannginirɗi jowitiiɗe e gaadoral jam .- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji gaadoral jam .

Geɗe loowdi

Hol ko woni jam ?

Miijo jam ngoo, ina waawi faamireede tan hono nii : jaɓɓal ngam heɓde ɓure, e ganndal, kam e ƴellitde ngonirkaaji, mbaawkaaji e jikkuuji haa mbaawaa wuurdude e hoore maaɗa no ɓuri haande nii, kam e wuurdirde noon kadi e yimɓe woɗɓe ɓee, kam e taariindi maa tawaandi ndii fof.

Ganndinooje/keertaali jam Jam (paix e farayse)2: - ngonka leyɗeele ɗe ngonaani e hare walla wolde : haɓaneede jam e nder aduna hee ;- dartagol wolde hakkunde haɓatnooɓe ɗiɗo walla heewɓe : kaaldigal ngam jam dañee ;- ngonka jaamtondiral, nanondiral, hakkunde ɓiyleydi’en, hakkunde

kinɗe walla goomuuji renndo, baasgol woodde pooɗondiral walla dille renndo e nder renndo : jam renndo ;

- ngonka goomu yimɓe ɓe kaɓaani, luhraani : wuurdude e hoɗdiiɓe mum e dow jam ;- ngonka deeƴre e fooftaare, wonande neɗɗo ;- ngonka neɗɗo gonduɗo e teeyre hakkille, maanaa deeƴre fittaandu. Deeƴdude e hakkille mum ; - baasgol woodde ndiiru walla dille e nokku : jam genaale.

Mbaadiiji jam

Jam gonaaɗo : jam jaaliiɗo woni tan baasgol woodde fitina-lappanɗe walla luhre.Jam baɗaaɗo : jam baɗaaɗo, walla jam guurɗo, ruttinta miijo ko e peeje ƴettaaɗe ngam ɓeydande nguurndam fof’en welde, tawa wonaa tan baasgol woodde fitina-lappanɗe walla luhre. Baɗgol jam guurɗo noon, ina naamni won mbaadiiji moƴƴi hono : - baawgol muñde e muñande ;- baawgol heɗaade neɗɗo ; - jokkondiral ;- jaɓgol wonde joopanɗe walla ji’anɗe ceertuɗe na mbaawi woodde wonande

toɓɓere wootere ; 2 http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/français/paix

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- baɗtugol hakkille e ngonaagu ;- baɗtugol hakkille e heñnaare (ko ɓuri heñoreede) saanga nde lohre walla

fitina-lappanɗe waɗi ;- gollondiral ;- miijo yuurnittoongo ; - defagol walla daragol darnde mum e nder renndo.

Kono tan noon, ɗii ɗoo mbaadiiji moƴƴi fof ina naamnii tiiɗtinireede jaŋde.

Gaadoragol jam

Gaadoral jam :« Ko ɗum jaɓɓal ngam baɗgol hoolaare e gollondiral hakkunde leƴƴi e hakkunde ngenndiiji. Ngaal ɗoon jaɓɓal joofii ko janngude na safrirtee e dow jam ɗeen luhre baawooje feeñde hakkunde leƴƴi walla hakkunde ngenndiiji, tawa noon ɗum ɓuri waɗireede ko konngol e kaaldigal, tawa wonaa kaɓirɗe walla njogitaaje, wonaa kadi fitina. .. Faandaare gaadoral jam wonaa wiide tan alaa e sago han luhre cuytinee, kono kay ko yiitude peeje no ɗe safriraa tawa ɗum aldaa e fitina. Ndeen noon, gaadoral jam toɗɗii ko ƴellitaare dewtagol hakkeeji aadee, ƴellitaare baawgol muñde kam e cafrugol luhre e jaati, wondude e ƴellitgol neɗɗo keeriiɗo e renndo kala. »3

Fawaade e anndinoore nde $Dowlaaji Dentuɗi (Nations Unies), gaadoragol jam koɗum diɗɗal ɓure, ngonirkaaji, jikkuuji e mbaadiiji nguurndam ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ko ɗi diiwtuɗi fitina, paltortooɗi luhre ruggude ɗe gila to ɗaɗi, tawa ɗi mbaɗiri ɗum ko kaaldigal e maslahaa hakkunde yimɓe heeriiɓe , goomuuji yimɓe e Dowlaaji kala (résolutions des Nations Unies A./RES/52/13 : culture de la paix et A /53/243 : Déclaration et Programme d’action sur une culture de paix)4.

« Gaadoragol jam ko ɗum jaɓɓal /yahdu baylugol neɗɗo, renndo e jaale fof. Ngal ummortoo ko e pellitte e golle yimɓe heeriɓe ɓee ; hankadi ngal wona e layde , e nder kala leydi, fawaade e ɗo leydi ndii tolnii e jamaanu mum, renndo-e-pinal mum kam e ngalu-e-faggudu mum… Gaadoragol jam toɗɗii ko baylugol ɓure, ngonirkaaji e jikkuuji mbele eɗi ƴellita jam e baasal-fitina »5.

Janngingol faade e jam/nehdi paatundi e jam

Jannginde faade e jam, ko heblude ɓiyleydi jaɓɗo nanngondiral e defagol, gudditiiɗo e pine goɗɗe ɗee, baawɗo faamde tigi ko woni ɓural jeyde hoore mum,

3 Groupe Agora, Guide méthodologique et pratique, Librairie Saint-Paul, Dakar, 2011.4 UNESCO. CULTIVONS LA PAIX . [e jokkondiral]. (Hello ƴeewaango ñande 15/06/2012). http: //www3.unesco.org/iycp/fr/fr_sum_cp.htm 5 UNESCO : Rapport de synthèse préliminaire de l’ONU sur la culture de la paix 1998. [e jokkondiral]. (Hello ƴeewaango ñande 15/06/2012). http: //unescodoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001130/113034F.pdf

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kormiiɗo teddungal aadee e ceertal yimɓe, tawa ko baawɗo kadi faltaade luhre walla safrude ɗe tawa ɗum aldaa e fitina6.

Hono no gaadoragol jam nii, janngingol faade e jam kañum ko ko waɗtori mbaadi yonta, renndo-e-pinal e ngalu-e-faggude wonande kala leydi. Eɗen mbaawi jaggu wonde jfj, adii ɗum sabaade fof ko yiɗnoode haɗde yoo wolde, maanaa geer, waɗ : kuutorgal hakkunde-leyɗeele kaɗoowal wolde adii wonde fof ko Nanondiral Kuuɓtidinngal, ɓurngal lollirde e innde « Pakta Briand-Kellog » ngal ; ko ngaal lelnunoo wonde yoo wolde nattu wonde kuutorgal politik ngenndiijo7.

Yanti heen, Fedde Dowlaaji Dentuɗi(maanaa ONU) sosaa ko e hitaande 1945, ngam « haɗdude yontaaji garooji ɗii e musiiba wolde (…), lelnude sarɗiiji jojjanɗi duumnugol sariya kam e ɗooftagol baɗɗiiɗi taƴnaaɗi ɗii e nanondire ɗee kam e cewle laawol hakkunde leyɗeele goɗɗe ɗee, (…) newnudejahrugol renndo yeeso, e sihnude sarɗiiji/laabi/mbaadiiji nguurndam e nder weeytaare ɓurnde mawnude … » (Udditirka Sarɗi Dowlaaji Dentuɗi).

Janngingol faade e jam ina adda kadi « paamondiral, muñondiral e cehilaagal hakkunde ngenndiije, goomuuji leƴƴi walla diine » ; ina newna kadi « golle Dowlaaji Dennduɗi faade e ñiiɓnugol. » (Taƴre 26, nde Eeraango winndere wonande hakkeeji aadee). Ko ɗuum waɗi haa JFJ, woni jamiral ɓurngal teeŋtude e jamire golle DOWLAAJI DENNDUƊI e Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii.

Fawaade e ɓosɓosal neɗɗingol janngingol e janngugol, jannginooɓe faade e jam ɓee eɓe mbaɗa kaaɗdi baawɗe mumen ngam haɓtaade kala geɗe boomooje ndimaagu/ngoraagu/teddungal ɓiy aadee, tawa saabii ɗe ko baasal, njoortooji bonɗi, heedi-heeda, jangol e rewɓe, fitina e wolde/geeruuji. Nde wonnoo, adii fof wonde sabaabu janngingol faade e jam ko yoo cuytinirgol aduna oo geer nikeleyeer haɗe waawde wonde, ko ɗuum waɗi haa janngingol ngol joopii hannde ko faandaare ɓurnde yaajde, hono gaadoral jam8.

Teppooje e kulhuli/dikkondire wonande darnugol/mahgol jam

Darnugol jam, ɗee ɗoo geɗe na mbaawi ɗum tonngude/haljinde/haɗde :- ŋakkere kaaldigal ;- baasgol hormaade/rewtaade hakkeeji aadee ;- welsindaare taariindi ;- baasgol waɗtorde ngonaagu ;- bongol laamu ;- baasgol waɗtude hakkille e ko janngaa e golwole/batte jawtuɗe/ɓennuɗe ;- baasgol hormaade/rewtaade haqiiqaaji demokarasi ;- ŋakkere ndeenka ;- baasgol yooltude hujjaaji yimɓe ɓurɗi teeŋtude ɗii,- baasgol lorde baɗal-bone ;6 ….7 …

8 United Nations, Peace Education ….

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- baasgol fewjirande/daroranaade ngonkaaji keñoraaɗi no haanirta nii.Haɗaani noon, ko ɓuri koo wonde kulhulol wonande darnugol jam e nder hurum/diiwaan/dingiral CEDEAO oo ko denndaangal baɗe fitiniyankooje, bonnooje, ngaddatɗe war-hooreeji worɓe e rewɓe e sukaaɓe, e pusgol/pirtugol mahanteeje, jangol e yimɓe/ageresiyoŋ, ɓuujingol renndo, kulol e faayre ɓurtunde.

Peeje ƴellitgol gaadoragol jam

Ƴellitgol gaadoragol jam, wonande Dowlaaji CEDEAO ɗii, ina naami : - lelnugol sariya potondirɗo ɓiyleydi’en ɓee fof ;- ballitgol pelle gollanatɗe jam ɗee, ko wa’i no dente e pelle ɗe ngonaa

laamuyankooje ngenndiije e hakkunde-leyɗeeje, sarwisaaji DOWLAAJI DENNDUƊI ;

- tiiɗtingol jaale ngenndi demokarasi yankooje ɗee, kam e dewtagol/ɗoftagol gaadondire hakkunde-leyɗeeje nuunɗinaaɗe ɗee ;

- deentugol taariindi, tawa rewraa ko duumingol jotondire hakkunde aadeeɓe e taariindi mu’en ;

- janngingol baawɗe e gannde ballitooje jam e ñeeñal kaaldigal/termondiral, ngam e wuurdirde e hoore mum e woɗɓe ɓee kala no haani ;

- ƴellitgol hakkeeji aadeyankooji.

CEDEAO ko gootal e pelle diiwaniije Afrik ɓurngal yuurnitaade ko faati e jam e ndeenaagu. Fedde CEDEAO waɗaani tan heblude golle ñiiɓnugol jam e nder leydeele Dowlaaji mum terɗe ɗii (Liberiyaa, Siyera Lewon, Gine Bisaawo, Koduwaar), nde feewnii kadi peeje e kuutorɗe sarɗiyankooje hakkunde-leyɗeeje jowitiiɗe e kaan ɗoon ngoƴa. Ko wa’i no : Gaadondiral/Portokol jowitiingal ngal e Peeje Paltagol, Pewjangol, Cafrugol luhre, ñiiɓnugol Jam e Ndeenka/Kisal (jaɓangal e lewru deesammburu 1999), jokkitirangal Portokol Ɓeydiraaɗo jowitiiɗo e Demokarasi e Peewal laamu (jaɓangal e lewru deesammburu 2001), baɗngal jotondiral hakkunde faandaare paltagol luhre e nde cafrugol ɗe ndee.

ƊEREWOL LELNUGOL GOLLE

Fannuure 1 : Gaadoral jam, paltagol e pewjangol luhre

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Gaadoral jam

Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee

Waɗtorde ɓure, miijooji e jigguuji ngam anndude tigi gaadoral jam.

Paandale jaŋde/janngingol

- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijooji jowitiiɗi e gaadoral jam ɗii- Waɗde peeje ƴellitgol gaadoral jam , tawa kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii fof na

mbaɗtoraa, to batte ko ɓe mbaawata addorde heen koo to bannge mu’en- Yahnude golle laabi jannginirɗi jowitiiɗe e gaadoral jam

15

- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji gaadoral jam .

Duumaare /happu : waktuuji 14

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe

- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji- Fotooje, jooɗnirɗe e nate- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe jojjuɗe- Enternet

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Haatumeere lelnugol golle

Sahaa gollal/ joɗnde

Baawɗe/kattanɗe/ karalleeje potɗe ƴelliteede

Geɗe loowdi jahdooje heen

Peeje Duumagol toɗɗangol/happu toɗɗaaɗo

1 -Anndinde kelmiije gaadoral jam tuugnorɗe ɗee

-Seerndude/anndidde leƴƴi jam ɗii

- ɓure e miijooji jotondirɗi/jowitiiɗi e gaadoragol jam ɗee - leƴƴi jam ɗii

Wiɗto duttorɗe (ɗereeji e enternet)

-golle goomu-roɓindo/

joorngo miijooji

-naamne /anket

-gostondiral miijooji

-Wiɗto ngonkaaji

-Ñemmbingol/maandingol

-Magingol- Jaŋde kollirgol- Jaŋde

ekkagol/etndagol

W 2

2 - Feññinde, annda tigi, baawɗe jotondirɗe e gaadoragol jam ɗee

ɓosɓoste e peeje faade e gaadoragol jam

W 2

3 - Feññinde caɗeele e kulhuli jotondirɗi e gaadoragol jam ɗii

caɗeele e kulhuli jotondirɗi/jowitiiɗi e gaadoragol jam ɗii

W 2

4 Miijtaade peeje ƴellitgol gaadoragol jam

Peeje ƴellitgol gaadoragol jam

W 2

5 Waɗtoraade gaadoragol jam e nder golle janngingol. TESKO : Mbaɗten hakkile e baɗtoragol/tabitinirgol gaadoragol jam yeruuji, e nder jotondiral janngingol naworngal ngonaagu, tawa na softina/duñca janngooɓe ɓee e fellitande nokku mu’en (sarwiis renndo, yarlitaare, ekn.)

- Kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol goodaaɗe ɗee- ɗereeji jannginirɗi ɗii- ɗowgol sahhaji gollal jaŋde/janngingol - Ɓetgol keɓe

ɗee

W 5

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YERU ƊEREWOL JANNGINIRGOL

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Gaadoral jam


Waɗtorde ɓure, miijooji, waaw-waɗdeeeji e jigguuji ngam anndude tigi gaadoral jam.


Heɓindaade ɓure e miijooji jowitiiɗi e gaadoral jam ɗii Tiitoonde winndannde ndee (darsu oo) / ngonka janngugol : Ɓure e miijooji jowitiiɗi e gaadoral jam

Karalleeje potɗe ƴelliteede

KARALLEEJEHakkille/ganndal Jikkuyankeeje/waaw-

waɗdePeeje karalle/waaw-wonde

-Anndinde jam-Feññinde / heɓtinde ɓure

jam

- Hirjinde e ko faati e jam- Wiɗtude ngonkaaji cafrugol luhre e nder nokku- Wiɗtude/janngude ngonkaaji gonirɗe e jikkuuji newnooji jam

- Wonde rewtiiɗe yimɓe woɗɓe

- Wuurdude e woɗɓe e jam

Duumaare : waktuuji 14

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttortɗe

- Fotooje kollirooje hurumaaji walla ngonkaaji luhre walla wolde keewɗi, e nder nokku keeriiɗo

- Fotooje kollirooje hurumaaji nanngondiral, paamondiral, wela-fijirde, ekn. - Sifaaji ngonka leyɗeele CEDEAO ɗee- Defte leyɗeele CEDEAO ɗee- Taƴe ɗereeji jaaynde- Natal piiltol/tarlol jam ngol (janngoowo fof natal gootal)- Jooɗnirɗe e fotooje goɗɗe (keewɗe ceerɗe).

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Jahnugol sahaa gollal jaŋde/janngingol oo

TAƳRE GOLLE

PEEJE Kebloowo oo janngooɓe ɓee

Juurnitagol/ƴeewtagol ko foti woodde koo / ko eelaa heɓeede ko

- ƴeewtoo tolno keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijooji potɗi janngeede ɗii

-njaabtoo naamne binndaaɗe e/walla kaalaaɗe ɗee

-peññina/limta yeruuji gaadoragol jam, ɓe ngostondira heen miijooji.

- Golle gooto gooto

- Joorngo miijooji

- Kaaldigal, e weeytaare

Baɗgol e ngonka

- hollira piiltol/tarlol jam ngol (ƴeew ruttorde jokkere)- yamira yoo ngonkaaji jam peññine, ummoraade e piiltol jam ngol

-mbaɗa goomuuji, goomu kala hollira yeru ngonka jam gooto.

- Gollal goomu

Kirjingol/hirjino golle hakkunde goomuuji/gartirgol golle goomuuji

- yuɓɓina, hankadi, kuutoragol ngonka kaa- wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yo ɓe ngaddu kirjini tammbiiɗi nele jowitiiɗe e jam

-njuurnitoo ngonka kaa ;

-njaltina ɓure e miijooji jowitiiɗi e jam ɗii

-peewna konngi kirjini

- Gollal goomu

- Kaaldigal dallinaangal

ɓeydaari to miijooji/tiiɗtingol e tonngugol

-ɓeyda humpitooji goɗɗi e ko goomuuji ɗii mbaɗi koo

-njuɓɓina ko ɓe peewni fawaade e ngoo ɗoo lelngo :

. ganndingol miijooji e ɓure jowitiiɗe e jam ɗee ;

. baɗle newnooje jam ;

. golle hirjino faade e jam ;

. ekn.

- Gollal renndo

Beto/bilaa -wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe :. loow/kebbin junngo piiltol 7° ngoo;. mbaɗ winndannde nde diidi sappo, walla natal, walla kirjinol ɓe manndinira gootal e baɗle jam 6 keddiiɗe na kolliraa e piiltol hee.

-mbaɗa yamiroore ndee, gooto e mu’en kala.

- Gollal gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

- wi’a yoo ɓe mbaɗ, gooto fof no yiɗiri :

. dosiyee mbo binndanɗe, nate walla fotooje, geɗe nguurndam goowaaɗe mawninooje gaadoragol jam ;

-Peewna dosiyee oo ;- Golle goomu- Wiɗto

duttorɗe

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. nele jam faade e sifaaji yimɓe ceertuɗi, ngam noddude ɗumen e gaadoragol jam e ko’e mu’en kam e hakkunde mu’en e woɗɓe.

- rokkira miijo ñemmbingol kampaañ jowitiiɗo e ƴellitgol guurdigal e nder wuro wooto.

-Mbaɗa eɓɓooji /lelngo golle ;

-Tabitina (cihna) eɓɓo/lelngo mumen golle kirjingol ngoo.

Naamnital/anketFijirde gonkinagolÑemmbingol

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Les-tiitoonde 2 : Pewjangol/daranagol luhreMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee

Waɗtorde ɓure, miijooji e jigguuji ngam anndude tigi peewjangol/daranagol luhre.


- Faamde ɓure e miijooji jowitiiɗi ɗii e luhre e pewjangol/daranagol majje.- Heɓindaade peeje golle paltagol e pewjangol luhre.- Yuɓɓinde peeje paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre, tawa ɓure e peeje

nokkuyankooje ɗee na mbaɗtoraa, ceertugol yimɓe ɓee kadi na rewtaa. - Yahnude golle jannginirɗe, jowitiiɗe e paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre. - Jogitaade ngonirkaaji/baɗle newnooje paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre.

Geɗe loowdi

Luhral/luural :

Luhral ko ɗum baasgol nanondirde e huunde, ngol nganndu-ɗaa hongol waawi addude caɗeele ɓerɗe, hakkillaaji walla ɓalli.Ko ɗum beñondiral, jeddondiral, baasgol nanondirde to : miijooji, peeje, ji’anɗe, gooŋɗine, nafooje, jeyegol e leƴƴi e kinɗe e calsali, kam e ngoƴaaji yimɓe ɓee. En mbaawaa ɗum woorde/ngalanaa ɗum goorirgal sabu ko e nguurndam neɗɗanke ɗum jeyaa, tee kadi ina woodi e nder yuɓɓooji renndo ɗii kala:- galle (ɓesngu),- laamuuji,- jaale laamu,- pelle,- ekn.

Sifaaji/mbaadiiji/leƴƴi luhre :

Sifaaji luhre na keewi na ceeri :

Luhre njogitaaje, ko wa’i no :- lf hakkunde-leyɗeele (hakkunde-Dowlaaji), e- lf ngal wonaa hakkunde-leyɗeele (hakkunde-Dowlaaji).

Lf hakkunde-leyɗeele walla hakkunde-Dowlaaji, ko ɗum luhral baɗdungal leyɗeele ɗiɗi walla ko ɓuri ɗoon. Lf ngal wonaa hakkunde-leyɗeele walla hakkunde-Dowlaaji, ko ɗum luhral baɗdungal doole harbiyankooje leydi e goomuuji jogitiiɗi, walla beñondirngal goomuuji jogitiiɗi hakkunde majji.

Luhre jotondire :

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Luhral jotondiral, walla luhral hakkunde yimɓe, ko ɗum baasgol nanondirde teeŋtungol hakkunde yimɓe ɗiɗo (sabaabu nde joganaade goɗɗo oo yi’annde bonnde, njoortaaji, walla ŋakkere jokkondiral, ekn.). Ina waɗa kadi, neɗɗo horondira e hoore mum (luhral e nder ɓernde mum)9.

Sabaabuuji/Gaddooje/Iwdiiji luhre

Ɓuri heewde saabaade luhre ko : - miijooji puɗɗi (jowitiiɗi e ɓanndu, ngaandi, hakkille, renndo, leƴƴi/kinɗe, ekn.) ;- ɓergol e heedi-heeda (njoortooji, leñamleñaagu, gongol kaɓeteeɗo/tooñoowo, famɗere muñal, ceŋgingol yimɓe, heedi-heeda ngongu, yawaare to batte ngongu/yawaare rewɓe, njoortaaji leñamleñaagu, gañgol jananɓe, ŋakkere muñal to diine, diinankaagal ɓurtungal, keerangol, ɓurdondiral, ŋakkere laawol, baasgol muñande...) ; - jikkuuji yimɓe ɗi ŋarɗaani (baasgol rimɗude, añaneegu, baasgol hoolaare, kuuñɗugol, jiɗnegol, añaneegal, soklere, gongol joɓtotooɗo/jogotooɗo, hooɗere laamu, kulhuli, faayre, kulol, gongol kaɓeteeɗo walla tooñoowo, baɗ-boneyaagal…) ;- ceertugol miijooji (ŋakkere nanondiral, tikkere …) ;- ŋakkere jokkondiral (miijo bonngo/ngo wonaa goonga, korondiral/ŋakkere paamondiral…) ;- bongol laamu kam e ŋakkere demookararsi (gergol baɗtangol feere, baasgol loreede, Dowla mbo wonaa mbo laawol, baasal, kaɓanegol dañe ngalu-e-faggudu…) ;- puustugol Dowla ; - baɗ-boneyaagal nder leyɗe e hakkunde leyɗeele, yantude e keewgol jolɗe keeri leyɗe, kam e ɓeydagol ngalu jowitiiɗo e kareeli.

Mbaadiiji luhre

- luhre politik- luhre renndo- luhre pinal- luhre ngalu-e-faggudu- luhre leƴƴi/kinɗe/calsali.

Ngam fewjande e faltaade luhre : karalle e peeje

E jaamaanu jam, yimɓe na mbaawi janngude no nguurdirta e luhre, tawa ko ɓamtaare, fawaade e jamaanu jam karalle e peeje paltagol luhre to lekkolaaji e nder nokkuuji keblirɗi ɗii. Ɗeen ŋoon karalle e peeje, ina ngadda naatnugol e kakkillaaji yimɓe hee ɗii ɗoo mbaadiiji moƴƴi, e ɗee ɗoo baɗle e baawɗe : koolagol hoore mum, keewgol ko waawi, ndimaagu/nuunɗal, gollondiral, baasgol heedi-heeda, jokkondiral moƴƴal e paamondiral.Ko geeruuji (woldeeji) e luhre njogitaaje ngaadata koo e batte ɗoon e ɗoon, ina heewi na seeri : baasgol pittaali e jawdeele, pusgol (pirtagol) cañu renndo, batte 9 EDH …

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muusɗe to hakkille, ceerndugol, taƴu enɗam, war-hooreegal, kuutoragol beñooje hakkille ɓurtungol kam e baɗ-boneegal, pirtugol taariindi e mahanteeje naftorteeɗe, geggingol/diiwgol yimɓe, ñabbuuji, baɗ-boneegal, jangol e rewɓe e lorlugol ɗumen, pilñitgol sarwisaaji renndo, ko wa’i no lekkolaaji, opitaaluuji, ekn.

E jamaanu hare, fewjanta luhre ko laawol neɗɗannke hakkunde leyɗeewol (LNH/DIH). « LNH/DIH toɗɗii ko kaɗangol, reenta, nguurndam e ndimaagu aadee wonande yimɓe ɓe lf /fetel/petlaaji heɓtii (walla dooki), kam e ustugol muuseele ɗe kareeli ɗii ngaddi ɗee. Ko ɗum dental sarɗiiji hakkunde-leyɗeeji ustoowal kuutorɗe e peeje wolde ɗee, deentoowal kadi ɓeen yimɓe ɓe njeyaaka walla nattuɓe jeyeede e kareeli hee. LNH/DIH noon, nde wonnoo ko luhre njogitaaje tan waɗi ɗum ummanii, ɗum lomtotaako laawol hakkeeji Aadee ngol ; ngool ɗoon kam, ko ngol cihneteengol tan, e kala sahaa. Ɗeen ɗoon dente sarɗiiji laawol ɗiɗi, ko ɗo timmitondirɗe. »

Ina woodi porogaraam janngingol e janngugol Hakke Neɗɗannke hakkunde-leyɗe (HNH/DIH) mbo Komitee Enternasiyoonal Kurwaa Ruus (CICR) eɓɓi bi’eteeɗo « Njillo-ɗen Laawol Neɗɗanke : NLN/EDH ».

Paltagol luhre ko wootere e paandale ɓurɗe teeŋtande Fedde Dowlaaji Dentuɗi, hono no taƴre 1 nde Sarɗi oo seedtorii nii. Kono noon, gila e gasirde kitaale 1980’en ɗee, mbaadi luhre ndii wayliima no feewi. Luhral hakkunde Dowlaaji, ina ɓuri ɗum lomtaade jooni luhral e nder Dowlaaji ɗii. Yimɓe renndo ɓee, ina keewi hankadi ko ngonata reɗɗiiɓe hakkunde jayli ɗiɗi, walla ndee, ko ɓuri koo bonde, ɓe ngonta adotooɓe memeede e boomaare ndee.

Paltagol luhre naatanii ƴellitaare hesre, gila e kitaale 1990 ɗee, fawaade e porogaraam bi’eteeɗo An Agenda for Peace (Un Agenda pour la Paix, maanaa Eɓɓo Faade e Jam), mbo Koolaaɗo kuuɓal Buutoros Gali lelnunoo oo. E oon porogaraam, ina ɓuri teeŋtineede heen « dipolomasii paltagol » ciforaaɗo oo hono nii : « peeje ngam faltaade beemondire hakkunde ceŋɗe (banngeeji), haɗde beemondire goodnooɗe ɗee wontude luhre, kam e heertaade ɗe gila ɗe cuwaa layde, so ɗe peeñii. »10

Faandaare dipolomasii paltagol ko ɓuuɓtinde fitinaaji e tikkere, kam e waɗde feere haa beemondire nder Dowlaaji e hakkunde Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii kala cafree e jam, tawa ɗum rewraa ko e : maslahaaji newiiɗi, koyɗe jam, baawtiringol kam e beeɓtingol pawingol e kaaldigal, termbondiral e ceednugol, ko ɓuri koo heewde sihneede saanga nde fitina jogori ummaade. Dipolomasii paltagol ina waawi tabitineede e saanga ɗee ɗoo daawe kala : pewjangol, cafrugol luhre haa e darnugol jam.E hitaande 1997, Komisoŋ Karnesii jowitiiɗo et paltagol luhre warhooreeje waɗii ceerndal baɗngal faayiida hakkunde paltagol golliyankeewol e paltagol yuɓɓiyankeewol.11

10 Koolaaɗo kuuɓal Dowlaaji Dentuɗi …11 Commission Carnegie …

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Paltagol golliyankeewol toɗɗii, e nder hurum (dingiral) CEDEAO, ko golle keeriiɗe baɗeteeɗe ngam surde fitina jogorɗo ummaade, tawa ina soomori : tintingol law, koyɗe jam, baawtiringol, ceerndugol e njogitaaje gila law, e kuurgol doŋre gila law baɗirangol peeje jokkondire hono : maslahaaji newiiɗi kam e doole CEDEAO padndorɗe ɗee. Paltagol yuɓɓiyankeewol noon, ko aamti/heewi koo yuɓɓineede saanga nde jam wonaa e ɗaɓɓeede, toɗɗii kañum ko haɓtaade sabaabuuji luhre ɓurɗi luggiɗde ɗii, haa arti e waylowaylooji politik, jaaleyankooji (laamagol) kam e waylooji ɓamtaare, tiiɗtingol baawɗe kam e kaɓanegol gaadoragol jam.12

E nder paltagol luhre, kattugol ngol (baɗgol heen juuɗe) na waawi waɗireede peeje dipolomasii paltorɗo – nelaaɓe yurnitoytooɓe /lappi nelaaɓe, dipolomasii gonduɗo e sutura, $pression diplomatique kam e koyɗe jam.

Ina haani noon, pelle hakkunde-leyɗeele e diiwaniije ɗee, laamuuji leyɗe ɗii (Dowlaaji terɗi ɗii) kam e pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ɗee $[pnl] mbaɗtoroo politikaaji paltagol e nder porogaramuuji mumen ɗii ; kono kadi, ina jojji yoo politikaaji paltagol ɗii ngon golleyankooji, pawiiɗi e goomu rewɓe e worɓe gollooɓe paltagol.

Peeje pal ɗee, ina jeyaa heen, te haaɗaani ɗoon tan :- (a) lappi nelaaɓe humpitoytooɓe, e reenoyooɓe, tawa ko ardiiɓe diine, aadaa,

kam e hoohooɓe mawɓe, kam e lappi nelaaɓe maslahaaji newiiɗi e nder doŋre/diiwaan hee ngam yuurnitoyaade no geɗe ngoniri e jaati, e ɗaɓɓude peeje paltagol luhre ɗee (lulɗe cafrugol fitinaaji tawa banngeeji ɗii fof na tawtoree),

- (b) termondiral,- (c) koyɗe jam,- (d) baawtiringol – pergol laabi kaaldigal hakkunde goomuuji luhruɗi ɗii,- (e ) kuurgol/lannjingol (harɓiyankooɓe) paltorgol,- (f) peeje koolondiral.

Yeruuji golle diiwaniije tabitɗe/jiitiniiɗe, ina jeyaa heen :- (a) mbildi jam e kisal, mahaandi e dow haqiiqaaji kawral politik nanondiraaɗi- (b) Yuɓɓo Diiwaniiwo ngo Tintingol Law Golliyankeewo : gollondiral e jooɗaniiɓe

Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii e $Société civile e nder doɓindagol/roɓindo humpitooji e cilgol/juurnitagol (ECOWARN, Birooji Nokke),

- (c) golle jahgol koyɗe jam,wonande goomu Hoohooɓe kam e Jooɗaniiɗo oo Hooreejo CEDEAO,

- (d) maslahaaji hoohooɓe mawɓe newiiɗi : nelaaɓe heeriiɓe ngam koyɗe jam dowrowe,

- (e) lelnugol sarɗiiji ɗii, dewrangol to tabitinal Hurum Paltagol Luhre mbo CEDEAO (HPLC/CPCC)

- (f) ɓeeɓtingol gummoriingol to yuɓɓooji diiwaniiji too wonande jaale hakkeeji aadee ɗii, e jaale haɗa-gergol ɗee, e pelle kisnal suɓngooji/woteeji ɗee, kam e partiiji politik ɗii, ngam tiiɗtinde baawɗe majji.

12 Cadre de prévention des conflits …

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CO ina woni e darnude Yiilirde ballitgol koyɗe jam (YBJ/MSD) ngam wallitde pelle dipolomasii paltagol ɗee, ko wa’i no Goomu Hoohooɓe, kam e jooɗaniiɓe/nelaaɓe heeriiɓe hooreejo ɓee. Ɗuum ɗoon tawa ko ngam teeŋtinde pellital wonde paltagol luhre (yuɓɓiyankeewol e golliyankeewol fof) e nder diiwaan oo, kañum ɓuri fuuf moƴƴude e waawde nafde so ɓooyii.

Sifaaji pewjangol e cafrugol luhral

Gannditgol/keɓtingol iwdiiji luhralAlaa e sago iwdiiji luhral ɗii ngannditee/keɓtinee tawa. Luhral na waawi iwrude e sabaabu gooto walla sabaabuuji keewɗi (ƴ. Sabaabuuji/Gaddooje/Iwdiiji luhre).

Silo/yuurnito ɓure e caɗeele gonɗe e sifaaji pewjangol luhral : Taartol pewjangol e cafrugol luhre ngol ina yuurnitoo, e ngal ɗoo daawal ɗimmal, denndaangal sifaaji no yimɓe ngetortoo fewjande e safrude luhral, tawa ko e no ɓurata duumoraade. Ko ɗum lartindagol ɓure e caɗeele gonɗe e heen kala feere, fawaade e :- Mbele ceŋɗe (banngeeji) luhral ɗee kala ɗiɗi ina ngal ngoodani baawɗe walla

ngalaa- Mbele banngeeji ɗii kala na gollondira walla alaa- Cafrugol luhral ngal walla alaa- Mi heɓa/keɓaa walla mi waasa/mbaasaa walla mi heɓa/mbaasaa- Faamude hoore mum e woɗɓe ɓee kala- Kuutoragol/jinnditorgol miijo siloowo kam e baawɗe cafrugol caɗeele- Hurum kaanɗo ngam ñiiɓnude jotondire ɗee.

E nder sifaaji pewjangol luhre, eɗen mbaawi teskaade :

- Doole/kalifaandi (sippiro) : ko heen bannge wi’i koo jaɓnee oya. Ɗuum ko laawol ɓurɗo doole kala / ɓur-dooleyaagal : mi heɓa/mbaasaa : kono mbele saɗeende ndee safriima ?

- Dewgol sariya : ɗum ruttotoo ko sariya jahneteeɗo e renndo ngoo. Ñaawoowo taƴna – oo heɓa/oya waasa – fawaade e laawol/sariya ;

- Ceednugol : ko saanga nde banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii cuɓii neɗɗo janano ngam yuurnitaade geɗe ɗee, tee ɓe nanondira e njaɓde kala ko taƴnaa heen. Ɗoon ko feere neɗɗo janano ndee foolata ;

- termbondiral: ko saanga nde banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii kala nanondiri e dow ko luhri

ɓe koo. Ɗoon newnata ko feere « mi heɓa, keɓaa » ;

- koyɗe jam : ko ɗum termondiral ɓeeɓtingal, ngal nganndu-ɗaa banngeeji ɗii nanondirii e cafrugol luhral ngal e duumaare, haa mbaawaa ƴettude, kamen tan e ko’e mu’en, denndaangal taƴne jojjuɗe ɗee. Yahoowo koyɗe jam oo, heddotoo tan ko e ɗowde ɓosɓosal ngal. Ngal ɗoo jaɓɓal, ardinta ko feere « keɓ-mi – keɓaa ». jom koyɗe jam oo ina wi’ee kadi « beeɓtinoowo/newnoowo » ;

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- baawtiringol : ko saanga nde safaara baawɗo duumaade woodani saɗeende ndee. Ko saanga nde jam tigi rigi oo fuɗɗii ƴellitaade ndee ;

- cafrugol : ko ɗum getagol, wonande heen bannge kala, safrude saɗeende ndee mbele jotondire ɗee na mbaylee e feere nafoore. Ɗum firtaani noon wonde daawal tikkere ɓerɗe ngal yawtii/ɓennaama ;

- baylitgol : ko ɗuum woni noon sifaa jeydegol nanondirangol ɓurɗo labeede oo. Banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii ƴetta taƴnal pewjidaangal faade e darnugol jotondire kese, ɓurɗe kadi moƴƴude.

Laaɓii wonde, termbondiral, e koyɗe jam, e baawtiringol, e cafrugol e baylitgol, ngoni sifaaji pewjangol luhre ɓurɗi heewande ɓure banngeeji luhruɗi ɗii.

Daawe sappo ngam cafrude luhre e jam

1. ngeto-ɗen, enen e ko’e men, heɓtinde geɗe men umminɗe ɗee luhral ngal, tawa en mbaɗdaani heen fitina. Ƴeewen kadi heɓtinde, e nder baɗle men, ko tikkini/metti koo ɓeya.

2. Ngaadoren baawgol men heɗtaade guurngol - ɗaɓɓiten humpito, e geɗe laɓɓitinooje, naamnondiren.

3. Keɓtinen nafooje cakkiiɗe ɗee les luhral ngal- ceernden hakkunde nafoore men tigi ndee e ko kaaleten koo walla yi’annde nde ngadino-ɗen jogaade ndee.

4. Mbaɗten hakkile e ko saabii koo saɗeende ndee, mbaasen tan ƴeewde yimɓe ɓe ɗum wondi ɓee.

5. Miijto-ɗen e peeje cafrugol ɓurɗe heewde – « Hol ko mbaɗ-ɗen woni safaara moƴƴo oo ? » - njiiten miijooji tawa en ñaawaani luhruɓe ɓee.

6. Kuutoro-ɗen cuɓorɗe nuunɗuɗe ngam ɓetde safaaruuji mbaawɗi wonde ɗii – « Hol ko woɗɓe mbaɗnoo e nder hono ɗii ɗoo ngonkaaji ? »

7. Keɓtinen safaaruuji ɗi luhruɓe ɓee fof mbaawi jaɓdude.8. Kawren/nanondiren e safaara ɓurɗo moƴƴude oo.9. Njaɓondiren e ruttaade e joɗnde termbondiral ndee so wonii safaara

pewjaaɗo oo newaaki.10. Keddo-ɗen e jokkondiral.13

ƊEREWOL LELNUGOL

Fannuure 1 : Gaadoral jam, paltagol e pewjangol luhre

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Paltagol e pewjangol luhre


Waɗtorde ɓure, miijooji e jigguuji ngam anndude tigi jaɓɓal pewjangol luhre.

13 Note manquante …

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- faamude miijooji e kelmiije jowitiiɗe e luhre e pewjangol majje.- Heɓindaade peeje paltagol e pewjangol luhre- Ɓulnaade peeje paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre, tawa aadaaji e peeje

nokkuyankooje ɗee na mbaɗtoraa, ceertugol yimɓe kadi na rewtaa.- Yahnude golle laabi jannginirɗi jowitiiɗe e paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre.- Jogaade baɗle newnooji paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre (muñondiral, e

jam).

Duumaare / ɓooyeeki : waktuuji 16


- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde nde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji, fotooje, jooɗnirɗe, e nate- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe jojjuɗe- Enternet.

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Sahaa gollal

Baawɗe/karalle potɗe ƴelliteede

Geɗe loowdiije jahdooje heen

Peeje Duumaare/ɓooyeeki hasbaande

1 -Anndinde kelmiije jowitiiɗe e luhre ɗee

-Heɓtinde e sifaade mbaadiiji, sababuuji e batte luhre

Luhral, lf/lp, sababuuji, batte e mabaadiiji luhre

Wiɗto duttorɗe (ɗereeji e enternet)

-Golle goomuuji

-roɓindo/joorngo miijooji

-naamne /anket

-gostondiral miijooji

Wiɗto duttorɗe

Wiɗto ngonkaajiMiijtagol, peewnugol e tabitingol/cihnugol ɗereeji jannginirɗi ɗii Juɓɓidingol lulɗe /ataliyeeji ono e jaggidiiɓe woɗɓe renndaaɓe yuɓɓo ɓee.

W 2

2 Heɓtinde geɗe tonngooje/kaljinooje, jowitiiɗe ɗee e paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre

Tonngooje/paljinooje, saqqaaji e caɗeele jowitiiɗe e paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre

W 2

3 Heɓtinde geɗe baɗeteeɗe e kuutorteeɗe ɗee ngam faltaade, fewjande e safrude luhrejowitiiɗe ɗee e paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre

Peeje/kuutorɗe/kaɓirɗe paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre.

W 2

4 Yerondirde yeruuji paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre

Duttorɗe jowitiiɗe e ngonka politik doŋre ndee/diiwaan oo

W 2

5 Waɗtorde/naattinde karalle paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre e nder golle janngingol ɗee

- Kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol goodaaɗe ɗee- ɗereeji jannginirɗi ɗii- ɗowgol sahaaji gollal janngingol/janngugol - Ɓetgol keɓe

ɗee

W 6

YERU ƊEREWOL JANNGINIRGOL

Tiitoonde 1 : Gaadoral jam, paltagol e pewjangol luhre

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ppl


Waɗtorde ɓure, miijooji, e jigguuji ngam heɓindaade jaɓɓal pewjangol luhre

Tiitoonde winndannd ndeee/ngonka janngugol kaa :

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Jam, muñondiral e nanngondiral

Faandaare jaŋde/janngingol :- Heɓindaade miijooji e kelmiije jowitiiɗe ɗee e luhre, kam e pewjangol ɗe.- Naatande golle paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre.

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Les-tiitoonde 2 : Pewjangol/darangol

Karalle potɗe ƴelliteede

KARALLEHakkille/ganndal Jikkuuji/waaw-waɗde Karallaagal/waaw-

wondeHeɓtinde e sifaade mbaadiiji, sababuuji e batte luhre

Daraade darnde mum timmunde, yamɗunde, e nder peeje laartugol safaruuji, biɗteteeɗe e nder jeddondire e gostondire miijooji, tawa ko e ngonkaaji goonga e goonga walla ñemmbikinaaɗi.

Seerndude, yuurnitoo tammborɗe/ngonkaaji jowitiiɗi e ngonkaaji luhral.


- Natal /ayaawo taƴe mago/kewe/baɗe 6 jowitiiɗe e tinndol bamɗi 2 ngol ;- Winndannde Doosgal Ngonka ndee ;- Kulle nderndeere ɗe jaalal heblirde ngal.


Jahnugol sahaa gollal janngingol/janngugol oo

TAƳRE GOLLE



Kebloowo oo :- Werloo naamne ngam

laaɓtindaade tolno ganndangol e tolno pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e ko foti janngeede koo ;

Janngooɓe ɓee :-njaabtoo

naamne ɗee- limta toɓɓe

jowitiiɗe e ko foti janngeede koo, ɓe ngostondira heen miijooji.

-Q. C. M.Golle gooto gootoJoorngo nmiijoojiGostondiral miiyooji e weeytaare

Baɗgol e ngonka - Hollira wallira wi’a yoo holliree ayaawo/natal taƴe mago jeegoo (06) jowitiiɗe e tinndol bamɗi ɗiɗi (02) ngol ;

- Caggal ɗuum, o yuɓɓina naftoragol ngonka kaa.

-Njuurnitoo ngonka kaa (tawa ko e goomuuji), ɓe ngartira faamaamuya mumen kamɓe e ko’e maɓɓe.

- Gollal goomu


- Yuɓɓina facciro ɗowaango wonande ruttorde ndee

- Yuɓɓina gollondire jowitiiɗe ɗee e keɓindagol geɗe humpito

-njaabtoo naamne ɗee ;

-mbaɗa gollal e ko yowitii koo e taƴre mago tottiraande

- Gollal goomu

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nafooje ɗee- Waɗa kala ko haani e

teskooji e faccirooji baawɗi riiwtude kala jiiɓru

ndee.


-Waɗa pirtugol newingol wonande ko yowitii e kala saɗeende feññinaande e nder heen taƴre mago, tawa ina tuugnii e ko artiraa koo e golle goomuuji ɗee ;

-Walla janngooɓe ɓee e artirde, e nder nguurndam ñande kala ɗam (nder galle, e nder renndo, ekn.) taƴe mago cifaaɗe/kolliraaɗe ɗee ;

-Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ndiisondir hakkunde maɓɓe, e nder goomu maɓɓe, ngam rokkirde miijooji baawooji feññinde iwdiiji luhre, sabaabuuji luhre, mbaadiiji luhre, e paltagol luhre ;

-Walla janngooɓe ɓee e feññinde doole e batte geɗe baawɗe ɗee ummoraade e ɓeydagol luhral.

- mbaɗta kewe cifaae ɗee, e nguurndam jaati ;

-ndokkira miijooji baawooji feññinde iwdiiji luhre, sabaabuuji luhre, mbaadiiji luhre ;

-peññina/kollira doole e batte geɗe baawɗe ɗee ummoraade e ɓeydagol luhral.

- Gollal gooto gooto ; caggal ɗuum, golle renndo

Beto ko heɓaa koo, e bilaa oo

-wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe peewnu depiliyaaji/kofti, dakki, leppi jaaynirɗi, kay e alluwe jaaynde kirjinooje e ko yowitii e paltagol luhre.

+

-mbaɗa yamiroore ndee, tawa eɓe cuɓoo sifaa golle ɓurɗo newaade.

- Gollal gooto gooto walla goomu

Eggingol/Naattingol

- wi’a yoo ɓe mbaɗ dosiyee jowitiiɗo e sabaabuuji, mbaadiiji, e batte luhral ngal mi miijii walla mbaɗngal e jaati, kam e peeje no ngal safriraa ;

- duñca e golle jaltuɗe duɗal ƴellitooje baɗle pinal e ñeeñal (kolobaaji wiɗto newninooji naatnaattondiral hakkunde janngooɓe ɓee, newna baɗtoragol keewceeral pine leydi ndii kam e ganndugol pine goɗɗe ɗee, tonngita baɗgol geɗe ñeeñal (peewnugol leppi nate, baɗgol jime, ekn.) ;

-Peewna dosiyee oo (tawa ko e goomuuji) ;

-Tawtoree/njeyee e golle kolob oo walla kolobaaji ɗii.

-Mbaɗa eɓɓooji /lelngo golle ;

- Golle goomu- Wiɗto

duttorɗe- Wiɗto

ngonkaaji- Fijirde/Fijo

gonkinagol- Darnugol

kolobaaji wiɗto, baɗtorooji miijooji ɗi goomu janngooɓe oo suɓii, taƴni, ɗii.

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- yuɓɓina, e nder hurum golle kolobaaji ɗii, ko wa’i no jeewte, njilluuji pinal, ekn.

-Tabitina (cihna) eɓɓo/lelngo mumen golle kirjingol ngoo.

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Doggol tufle Internet fannuure 1 : Gaadondiral jam, paltagol e pewjangol luhre

Les-tiitoonde 1 : gaadondiral jam

Ganndugol jam :- http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/français/paix

Gaadondiaral jam- [copier/coller texte]Janngingol jam- [copier/coller texte]Luhre njogitaari- [copier/coller texte]

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http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/fran%C3%A7ais/paix

Yimre yowitiinde e jam

So a gooŋɗinii/fellitii mooso buri doole njogitaari,So a gooŋɗini semmbe junngo tottiraango,So a gooŋɗinii/fellitii ko renndini koo aadeeɓe ɓuri faayiida e ko seerndi ɓe koo,So a gooŋɗinii/fellitii wonde goɗɗo ko ngalu kono wonaa kulhulol,So a waawii ƴeewirde oya yitere giɗli /njiɗngu seeɗa,So a waawii suɓaade yaakaare e dow hoolkisaare,So a tawii ko aan foti badlitaade, tawa wonaa goɗɗo oo,So tawii yitere cukalel na waawi ristinde ɓernde maa,So aɗa waawi weltaade e weltaare koɗdiijo maa, So a nanngiri koɗo/janano no ɓiy neene mbo mbaɗda-ɗaa, So a waawi rokkirde e sahaa maa tawa ko njiɗngu tan waɗi,So a waawi jaɓde yoo goɗɗo wallit ma,So aɗa waawi renndeede la’al maa, tee aɗa waawi waɗdude heen seeɗa ɓernde maa,So aɗa felliti yaafuya ɓuri dowliɗde e yoɓtaare,So aɗa waawi yimande kisal woɗɓe, ngamanaa kadi mbelwette/weltaare/welamma mu’en,So aɗa waawi jaɓde ñiŋoore, kadi naftoraa nde, tawa a ruttaani, a haɓtaakiSo tawii janngir-ɗaa oya, ko adii fof, ko o ɓiy neene,So a fellitii fitina ko fuuyre, ɗum wonaa seede semmbe,So ko ɗaweede ɓuran maa tooñde goɗɗo,So a fellitii ko njiɗngu tan woni doole kaɗtugol,So a fellitii jam na waawi woodde,Oon sahaa maa jam waɗ/dañe.

Pierre GuilbertAnouslesamies.centerblog.net/rub-Textes-beaux-textes.htlm

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FANNUURE 2HAKKEEJI AADEE

« Winndereyankkaagal Hakkeeji, gootal e koyɗe njahrugol yeeso Aduna oo, ko ko weñondiri e ko wi’etee ko feccere walla hoodere neɗɗo ! Ciwtoniren ɗoo tan wonde, sarɗi ndonu tagoodi/kod senetik leñol neɗɗanke, waɗde noon kod kala aadee, 99,9% fof ko gootum, haa ɗuum waɗi enen fof ndenndi …. neɗɗaagal gootal ngal. »

Alain MouchouxCukko-hooreejo Dental OINGaadoragol jami Batu Diisondiral

OropOslo, 22-22 oktoobar14

14 Alain Michoux, Forum Universalité des droits de l’Homme, OSLO 21-22 octobre 2010, Discours d’ouverture, [en ligne / e jokkondirol]. Hello ƴeewaango ñande 15/06/2012

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Hakkeeji Aadee1- Yuɓɓooji hakkunde-

leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji (Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji)

wonande hakkeeji aadee

2- Haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee.

Naatirde

Aduna oo, hannde, luhre keewɗe na ndooki ɗum : ɗeen luhre, eɗe ɓuri heewde taweede e nder won e duundeeje/leydeeje, haa teeŋti noon e duundeeri Afrik ɗo nganndu-ɗaa ɗoo war-leƴƴi e woldeeji hakkunde-kinɗe e hakkunde-leƴƴi ko ko faljini ñande kala jam e deeƴre ngenndiiji ɗii.Ko ɗuum waɗi, ina tan ɓeydoo tan jojjude yoo peeje lelne ngam ƴellitde jam e nder dingiral CEDEAO ; ngam ɗuum ɗoon, ina haani jotondire e nder Dowlaaji ɗii e hakkunde majji kala ngooñcitee/mbaylitee/ɓuƴtee, mbele deentugol hakkeeji aadee ina ɓura huccitaneede.

Mbaawka fannuure ndee :

Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle, ngam ƴellitde kuutorɗe e jahnirɗe, kam e haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee, tawa ɗum rewraa ko e yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji.

Les-tiitooɗe fannuure 2 ndee

1 – yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee 2 – Haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee.

http://forumoslo.fede.org/textes.fr/Alain_Mouchoux-discours_ouverture-FR.pdf

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Les-tiitoonde 1 : Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee


Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle newnooje ƴellitgol yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji ngam rewtaare hakkeeji aadee.


- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijooji ganndal jowitiiɗe e Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee ɗii.

- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee, tawa kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii fof na mbaɗtoraa.

- Yahnude golle janngingol jowitiiɗe e Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee (Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wha) ɗii.

- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji whakkeeji aadee ɗii .

Geɗe loowdi

1. Humpitooji kuuɓtidinɗia. Ganndinooje :

Hakkeeji aadee Hakkeeji aadee ko ɗum hakkeeji ɗi nganndu-ɗaa kala neɗɗo na jogii ɗi, na heerorii, sabu makko wonde neɗɗanke. Ko ɗum « gaarantiiji hakke winndereyankooji, kaɗdooji yimɓe heeriiɓe e goomuuji yimɓe fof e kala baɗal baawngal faljinde weeytaare ɓiy Aadama kam e ndimaagu neɗɗanke. »15

Sariyayanke gooto, bi’eteeɗo J. Mourgeon, wi’i hakkeeji neɗɗanke ko ɗum « cañsañe, pawiiɗe e sarɗiiji, ɗe neɗɗo kala joganii hoore mum e nder jotondire hakkunde makko e woɗɓe kam hakkunde makko ee laamu. »16

Hakkeeji neɗɗanke ko ɗum ngooroondi e nder $etik/nehdi politik hannde oo/ndii.Hakke, ko ɗum baawal ngal laawol heɓtinani neɗɗo oo ngam waɗde huunde, waasde waɗde huunde, naftoraade huunde, tamde/jogaade ɗum, walla ƴamde huunde ummoraade e neɗɗo goɗɗo.

Hakkeeji neɗɗanke ko ɗum baawe hono ɗee ɗoo ɗe laawol heɓtinani kala neɗɗo/neɗɗanke/ɓiy aadam. Ko ɗum hakkeeji tagdaadi e innama aadee, ɗi yimɓe fof njogii gila e jibinannde, ɗi nnganndu-ɗaa ko kamɗi fof ndenti tabitinani 15 [copier coller texte] 16 [copier coller texte]

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neɗɗanke ndimaagu mum. Ko ɗuum waɗi haa, hakkeeji aadee ngoni ɗi ngostetaake, winndereyankkeeji, ɗi peccotaako.

Hakkeeji Neɗɗo :Ɗuum woni denndaangal cañsañe ɗe neɗɗo kala waawi jogaade na naftoroo ɗee. Ɗiin ɗoon hakkeeji tawaaɗi, winndereyankeeji, ɗi ngostetaake, eɗi keɓtiniraa kadi kuule laawol walla binndanɗe jogiiɗe darnde Doosgal Dowla ; ina ɓuri heen lollude Eeraango [Winndere] Hakkeeji Neɗɗo e Ɓiyleydi ngo hitaande 1789 ngoo. Saggitorde Ɗemngal Farayse wi’etennde Dictionnaire de la Langue Française.

b. Iwdi helmiire nde :

Miijo reentirde/ɗuwrude neɗɗanke hakkeeji carɗinaaɗi ko miijo hiiɗngo/ɓooyngo. Winndannde ɓurnde heen lollude ndee ko wi’eteende ndee la Grande Charte (Magna Carta) maanaa « Sarɗi Mawɗo oo », nde 1215 to Angalteer too, sihnunde ndee hakke jogaade weeytaare hoore mum heeriinde. E oon ɗoon jamaanu gooto, e nder Afrik mbo hirnaange, sarɗi Mannde bi’etenooɗo « KURUKAN FUGA » ina lelnunoo jotondere hakkunde leƴƴi, fawaade e haqiiqaaji nehdi, ngam tabitinde jam. To Angalteer too, la Grande Charte mbo 1215 oo, sarɗiiji ɗiɗi ngarii timmitini mbo : Pétition des droits, maanaa Ƴamal hakkeeji, mbo 1628 (mbo nganndu-ɗaa ombo taƴna beeytaaje/weeytaareeje ɗe cuytataa wonande laamaaɓe e yeeso laamɗo oo), kam e Bills of Rihts, maanaa Taƴnal Hakkeeji, mbo 1689.

E nder baylugol ngol teemedannde 16e ngol, porotestantisma mbo Calvin oo lelni haqiiqa potal yimɓe fof e yeeso Alla ; Grotius ne, sariyayanke porotestaa gooto wi’i, e hitaande 1625, wonde aadee na jogii baɗɗiiɗi, ko goonga, kono kadi ina jogii hakkeeji ɗi cuytataa. Fintooji Angalteer ɗii ne ngari ngoni daawal manngal e nder peewnugol helmiire ndee : so won e nder eraali ɗii, walla caggal restorasiyoŋ (« gartiral ») mbo 1660 oo, walla kadi wote mbo galle sarɗiiji Angalteer waɗnoo wonande ko wi’etenoo koo Habeas corpus mbo 1679, kaɗatnooɗo kala nanngugol neɗɗo e dow ko wonaa goonga.Ko tuggi koo e 1688, ko ndeen jaalɗinaa, to Angalteer, ko wi’etee koo Dowla laawol ko nganndu-ɗaa koo kamɗum e finto tagdaa.

Filoosof de Limiyeer’en maanaa « filosofeeɓe pooye kakkillaaji » mbaɗi tewori e dow ɗuum ɗoon ; teeŋti noon e bi’eteeɗo J. Locke, e nder deftere mum yowitiinde e Laamu ɓiyleydaawu, o teeŋtini wonde : alaa laamu pawiingu e sariya so wonaa laamu ngu laamaaɓe ɓee ndenndi ndokkiri, e nanondiral, tee kadi hakkeeji tawaaɗi ɗii eɗi mbaɗani mbaawka Dolwla keerol/wood ɗo kaaɗni mbaawka Dowla.

E nder teemedannde 18e ndee fof, gila e eeraango jeytaare Etaa-Sini (Dowlaaji-dentuɗi) ngo 1776, haa e eeraango 26 ut 1789 ngo doosgal ngonkayankooɓe Faraas, fof ndenndi mbadi weeytaare jeyal neɗɗanke. Eeraango 1789 ngoo, wonnoo faandaare mum ko adii fof ko tabitinande yimɓe heeriiɓe ɓee, e dow defagol Dowla, weeytare e jeyde ko’e mumen kam e jeyde jawdi mu’en. Ko ɗuum wi’etenoo « hakkeeji faade e … » yonto adano, ɓulnaaɗi e liberalisma (« weeytankaagu »).

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Hakkeeji yonto ɗimmo ɗii ngoni « hakkeeji e… » (hakke e golle/liggeey, hakke e pinal, ekn.) ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ko kamɗi ngoni hakkeeji-hoolaare jowitii e won nafooje ɗe Dowla foti defaade, waɗa heen junngo mum, ɓulnaaɗi e sosiyaalisma (« renndangaagu »). Hannde oo, haala hakkeeji yonto tataɓo na haalee, ko wa’i no hakke e taariindi ceniindi, hakke e jam, hakke e nanngondiral.Ngol ɗoo peewnugol helmiire hakkeeji aadee, ummoriingol en hirnaange, yahii haa ƴeesi naamnal mbele hakkeeji aadee ko ko huuɓtinini winndere ndee kala/winndereyankaagal hakkeeji aadeeyankaagal, haa ɗum saabii heen sahaaji jeddi ummoraade to leyɗeele aaraɓeeɓe kay e Siin popileer. Ko wa’i koo no Eeraango islaamiyankeewo ngo hakkeeji aadee, kam e Sarɗi Afrik mbo hakkeeji neɗɗo e leƴƴi, ina waawi waade no ko e ndeen ɗoon dillere njeyaa. Kono noon, haqiiqaaji gonɗi ɗii e Eeraango winndere ngo 1948 ɗii kam, winnderyankaagal majji ko ko jaɓaa e ko yaajde e aduna hannde.

« Pellital / resolisoŋ 1325 [ngal ONU] ngal, ƴeesiino ɗaminaare/yaakaar mawɗo saanga nde ngal jaɓetee - ɗaminaare wonde hankadi kuutorgal yiitaama, baawngal sihnude yuɓɓina ƴettugol jaɓɓal baɗtungal hakkille e/goƴangal potondiral e potal hakkunde ngonguuji/seksaaji e nder cafrugol luhre. Ko oon yaakaare/ndeen ɗaminaare haa jooni tammbinoo jaɓgol Konsey Sekiritee/Batu Kisal mbo Dowlaaji Dentuɗi/ONU Pellite 1820, 1888 e 1889, jowitiiɗe, kamɗe fof, e baɗtorgol hakkeeji rewɓe ɓurngol teeŋtude e nder etagol sihnude jam e kisal. »17

HAKKE NEƊƊANKE E HAKKE GAADANTE E NDER AFRIK

Ko juumre mawnde waɗa haa sikkee wonde renndooji Afrik kiiɗɗi ɗii nganndaano hakkeeji neɗɗanke. Afrik na jogii aadaaji hakkeeji neɗɗanke ɓooyɗi. E nder Afrik gaadante oo,

Hakke ƴeewiraa ko wonde sarɗi joopiiɗo jaggirangol e cihnugol ko neɗɗo yiɗi e dow woɗɓe. Hakke waawaa seerndeede e miijo deentugol/kaɗangol kam e miijo fotde (Keebaa MBAY). E nder Afrik, mawɗo (monimaa gannde e neɗɗaagal) nattuɗo/maayɗo/cankiiɗo/peƴƴuɗo e suudu defte/defterdu/defteeru ( ) sumndu poti (Aamadu Ham Paate BAH). Mandinkooɓe mbi’i « koyngal ɗo maccuɗo/jeyaaɗo/dimaajo yaɓɓi, alla ɗo seerti e ɗo dimo yaɓɓi. »

Hakke gaadante, jaggiraaɗo oo faandaare e ɓosɓosal ndimɗingol/beeytiɗingol e ɗoolɗitingol/kesɗitingol aadaaji e finaa-tawaaji/neesuuji taaniiɓe , ngam neɗɗitingol nguurndam e ɓamtaare Afrik, ina tottiti deboo darnde mum sewnde e tottotiroowo nguurndam, tottiti gorko darnde mum kaɗanoowo/ɗuwoowo, deennoowo nguurndam, waɗi suka ñemmbal duummaare e kesɗitingol nguurndam, waɗi kadi nayeejo/mawɗo ñemmbal hormo/karminal e baasgol maayde wonande nguurndam.

17 Said Djinnit, Jooɗaniiɗo keeriiɗo wonande Koolaaɗo Kuuɓal ONU ngam Afrik mbo hirnaange.

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c. Ko seerndi eeraango e gaadondiral

To bannge sariya, eeraango e nanondiral, ko yowitii e hakkeeji aadee, ina seerti. - Eeraango hollirat haqiiqaaji, laɓɓitina sarɗiiji ɗi Dowlaaji terɗe fedde hakkunde-

leyɗeere nanondiri e dow mumen, ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ɗii ko kamɗi poti ɗowde, miijna, gollal laamuuji ɗii. Eeraango jogaaki darnde sariya pawiiɗo ; kadi ɗum naamnaaki sifannde walla nuunɗingol Dowla. Ko ɓuri heewde, jaɓegol mum wonata ko kuuɓtidinngol.

- Gaadondiral (Pakta walla Sarɗi) e hakkeeji aadee noon, ko ɗum teretee/nanondiral hakkunde-leyɗeele, cosatngal baɗɗiiɗe sariyankooje wonande Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii kala. Ina fawaa e nuunɗingol Dowlaaji ɗii, kadi ko ko sihnetee, so tawii keewal nunɗine coklanangal heen gaadondiral kala heɓaama. Ina jogii lelnaaɗe yahnugol golle keeriiɗe.

d. Daawe cifatooɗe ɗee darnde leydi hakkunde mum e kuulal hakkunde-leyɗee

Jaɓgol : daawal ɗo Dowlaa ɗii njaɓata ɗoo, e miijo ngoo tawa, loowdi gaadondiral walla nanondiral/teretee.

Siifannde : daawal ɗo Dowlaaji ɗii mbaɗtortoo ɗoo goodal nanondiral walla gaadondiral ngal : So Dowla siifii, ɗum firti ko hankadi wontaa ƴettu baɗal beñondirngal walla jeddungal lelnaaɗe winndannde ndee. Siifannde ndee, nelaaɗo kuuɓal Dowla oo na waawi waɗde ɗum. « Ciifgol Gaadondiral, walla gooto e porotokolaaji maggal, e jaɓgol gadanol poti. Ɗum addataa cihnugol alaa e sago, kono ɗum hollirat anniya Dowla oo yuurnitaade nanondiral ngal e nder leydi mum, kadi heblanoo nuunɗinde ngal. Ko siifannde ndee waasi koo wonde pellital jaɓgol kala, ina fawa Dowla oo waasde waɗde kala baɗal beñondirngal walla jeddungal paandale walla sabaabuuji gonal nanondiral ngal. »18

Nuunɗinal hollirta ko fodannde/aadannde Dowla oo ngam wonde jeyaaɗo heen, ɗu fawa ɗum noon fotde tabitinde lelnaaɗe kuutoragal sariya ngal [maanaa gaadondiral walla nanondiral ngal]. Nuunɗinal, ɓuri ɗum heewde waɗde ko jooɗaniiɓe leñol ɓee – ko wa’i no galle sarɗiiji, tawa ina adii yurniteede mbele ina rewtii Doosgal ngonka leydi ndii. Ko ngoon ɗoon yuurnito waɗa haa Dowla waawa feññinde heen kulhuli walla cale mum, so jojjii. « Nuunɗinal walla jeyegol heen firti ko Dowla oo jaɓii yoo sariya faw ɗum rewtaade lelnanɗe Gaadondiral ɗee. Ko jeyegol heen e nuunɗinal poti koo batte kala, jahnugol golle majje ina seerti. So wonii ko nuunɗinal, Dowla oo adoto siifa nanondiral ngal tawa, caggal ɗuum mbo nuunɗina ngal. Jeyegol heen noon, waɗetee tan ko hende wootere, tawa soklaaka ciifgol na adoo ɗum.Jahnirɗi golle nuunɗinal walla jeyegol heen ofisel/laawɗinaaɗi ɗii, ina keewi na ceeri, fawaade e no kala leydi lelniri laawol mum. Hade/fodde mum nuunɗinde nanondiral walla jeyeede heen, leydi heewi ko yuurnitaade/laartindaade/ƴeewtaade mbele lelngo laawol mayri ina yahdi e

18 http://www.unicef.org/french/crc/indeƴ_30207.html ƴeewaaɗo ñande 6 suliyee 2012.

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lelnaaɗe maggal, kadi waawa ƴeewde hol peeje ndi daɗɗata haa ɓura weeɓtinde tabitingol nanondiral ngal. »19

Tesko : Dowla na waawi nuunɗinde nanondiral walla gaadondiral, tawa ina feññini cale muuɗum e won lelnaaɗe keeriiɗe.

Tabital/Tabitingol : daawal ngal nganndu-ɗaa ngal, so ɓennii, hankadi nanondiral na waawi tuugneede. Hade tabital noon, won keewal nuunɗine dottetee, naamne yoo wood tawa. Caggal tabital ngal ne, ɗoon kadi maa toɓɓere deggondirgol sarɗiiji yontu. Kuulal ngooroondi adanal, e nder ko ɓuri koo heewde e leyɗeele, ko doosgal ngonka ngal. Kono noon, darɗe ɗiɗi na kani waɗtoreede, so artii e laawol hakkunde-leyɗeele :. monisma/ngootankeegu, jagguɗum ɗum wonde laawol hakkunde-leyɗeele yaltaani laawol leydi keeriindi. Ndeen noon, sarɗiiji e jahnirɗe golle laawol hakkunde-leyɗeele ɗee poti ko fawaade ɗoon e ɗoon e dow leyɗeele keeriiɗe ɗee. Ɗum naatnee e nder lelngo laawol leydi ndii, kadi yimɓe na mbaawa tuugnaade e mumen ngam kaɓtagol maɓɓe [to sariya] saanga nde ɓe tooñaa. « Heediyankooɓe monisma sariya, ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ɓee, so woori Dowla kam e mbaadi mum tamiindi kaɓɓiindi ndii, ɓe nji’ataa laawol walla yuɓɓo sarɗi ko rewi sariya ; walla wi’ooɓe wonde kala « laawol » iwrungol e terɗe ɗe ngonaa dowliyankooje, waɗi ɗum wonde laawol tan ko tawde ko ko seekaa e laawol dowla. »20

duyaalisma /ɗimmankeegu, baɗɗum ɗum wonde lelngo laawol hakkunde-leyɗeele ko ko seerti e laawol nokkere fes. Haa ɗum waɗi, lelngo laawol hakkunde-leyɗeele, waawata naattinde ɗum e laawol leydi tan ko taƴnal sariya/laawol. Ndeen noon, alaa e sago, kebloowo oo so woodi yuɓɓinde golle hirjino kam e yimɓe goomu makko, o wi’a ɓee yoo ɓe njuurnita ɗee ɗoo toɓɓe ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ko kamɗe laɓɓitinta darnde leydi ndii hakkunde mum e laawol hakkunde –leyɗeele.

2. Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wonande kaɗangol hakkeeji aadee

Eeraango hakkeeji aadee winndereyankeewo ngo 1948 ngoo wonii ndaɗɗudi ngam mahgol mahdi timmundi wonande sarɗiiji hakkunde-leyɗe jowitiiɗi e hakkeeji aadee. Ko ngo waasi koo wonde taƴnal sariya pawingal fof dee, haɗaani lollugol e mbaawka ko Eeraango winndere ngoo heɓii koo, ina seedtii semmbe mum e jaati, e dow duunde leydi ndee kala. Caggal ɗuum, gaadondire keewɗe jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee mbaɗaama, ɗum wonani ɗi hankadi ɗuwirde/reentirde hakkunde-leyɗeere.

Eeraango hakkeeji aadee winndereyankeewo ngo ONU, 1948 ngoo.E lewru awril 1945, delegeeɓe/nelaaɓe ummoriiɓe e leyɗeele 48 kawrii ngam sosde Fedde Dowlaaji Dentuɗi (hono ONU), fawaade e Sarɗi gooto. Waɗi Fedde

19 http://www.unicef.org/french/crc/indeƴ_30207.html ƴeewaaɗo ñande 6 suliyee 2012.20 ? http://www.gip-recherche-justice.fr/IMG/pdf/A.O_pluralisme_juridique.pdf ƴeewaaɗo ñande 6 suliyee 2012.

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Dowlaaji Dennduɗi soseede ko ngam dartinde geeruuji/woldeeji hakkunde leyɗeele ɗee kam e wertude dingiral wonande kaaldigal.Wood/won e « mbaawkaaje mawɗe ɗee » to Fedde nDowlaaji Dennduɗi too, meeɗaano nii yiɗde haaldude ko faati e hakkeeji aadee. Ɗe njanananooka wonde leyɗeele goɗɗe (walla renndo hakkunde-leyɗeele/kominotee enternasiyonaal) na poti waɗde juuɗe majje e nder no Dowla kala waɗdata e ɓiyleydeeɓe muuɗum. Ɗe njaggunoo ko wonde ɗeen ɗoon toɓɓe keddotoo tan ko e nder hurum politik mu’en nderndeero oo. Kono noon, won e leyɗon ɓurkon tokosiɗde/famɗude/ɓurfamɗiyankeeɓe ndañii fartaŋŋe, e dow ballal Etaa-Sini, kam e caggal termbondire muusɗe, naatnude helmere « hakkeeji aadee » e nder pereyammbil/udditirka Sarɗi Dowlaaji Dentuɗi. Kono winndannde ndee laɓɓitinaano hol ko woni hakkeeji aadee, tee kadi alaa fof ko wonnoo fodoore wonde ɗiin ɗoon hakkeeji maa njaɓde e leyɗeele ɗee kala.

Oon sahaa noon, Komisoŋ (ko woni hannde Batu koo) hakkeeji aadee sosaa, ngam wallifaade winndannde sifotoonde hakkeeji aadee ɗi yimɓe fof poti rewtaade ɗo woni kala e nder aduna hee, tawa kadi ko nde jaɓdaande e nder winndere ndee kala. Ardinoo Komisoŋ oo ko Eleanor Roosevelt : o ruttii noon o feewni ko faanoo koo wontoyde Eeraango hakkeeji aadee winndereyankeewo, walla EHAW (hono DUDH, e farayse).

Eeraango ko ɗum winndannde lelnoore sarɗiiji ɗi Dowlaaji poti nuunɗinɗe, kono ɗum wonaa ko fawii, alaa e sago, to batte sariya. FDowlaaji Dennduɗi ndee yuurniti taƴe hakkeeji aadee 30 ɗee. Taƴe ɗee na peccii e leƴƴi ɗiɗi mawɗi :

Hakkeeji to batte ɓiyleydaagal e politik : ɗuum ko hakkeeji e beeytaaje kaɗdooje yimɓe renndo ɓee e ɓurtingol mbaawka Dowla e dow maɓɓe, kadi eɗi ƴellita weeytaare heeriinde.

Hakkeeji to batte ngalu, renndo e pinal : hakkeeji newnooji kisal to bannge ngalu, renndo e pinal. Fawaade e udditirka eeraango winndere ngoo, deentugol hakkeeji aadee ina yottina yimɓe e weeytaare, e potfotal kam e jam nder aduna hee ; ɗiin ɗoon hakkeeji ina kaɗda yimɓe e laamu ceddiri kam e laamu piygal ; eɗi ngadda kadi mbaadi nguurndam ɓurndi moƴƴude, ɓurndi kadi fotondirde wonande fof’en.

Hakkeeji ɓiyleydaagal e politik ɗii, eɗi kaɗda yimɓe renndo ɓee e ɓurtingol mbaawka Dowla e dow maɓɓe, kadi eɗi ƴellita weeytaare maɓɓe heeriinde. Ɗi ngoni ko e ɗee ɗoo taƴe : 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21.

Hakkeeji to batte ngalu, renndo e pinal ɗii, eɗi newna kisal to bannge ngalu, renndo e pinal. Ɗi ngoni ko e ɗee ɗoo taƴe : 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27.Ɓure daɗɗiiɗe ɗee e FDowlaaji Dennduɗi, ina jeyaa heen : ndimaagu, potal, weeytaare, potfotal, kam e dewtondiral hakkunde aadeeɓe.Wallifiiɓe/winnduɓe hakkeeji aadee :René Cassin, Porofesoor Laawol, FaraasPeng-Chun Chang, filosof mbo Siin, Cukko-hooreejoEleanor Roosevelt, USA, HooreejoPr Valentin Teplikov, Porofesoor Laawol hakkunde-leyɗe, RiisiCharles malik, filosof mbo LibaaDr Hausa Nehta, jannginoowo, Ennda.

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Kuutorɗe hakkunde-leyɗeele ɗee, ko ɗum nanondire peewnaaɗe, ciifaa, nuunɗiniraa hakkunde leyɗeele ɗiɗi walla ko ɓuri noon, cosooje baɗɗiiɗi sariyayankooji e dow Dowlaaji jeyaaɗi heen ɗii. Leƴƴi/sifaaji gaadondire jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee keewɗi na mbaawi limteede, paaminooji njaajeendi ko ɗi kuuri koo.

Ko adii fof, ina tawee heen gaadondire kuuɓtidinɗe ɗee, ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ɗe toɗɗii ko denndaangal hakkeeji aadee wall yoga manngo e majji ; ɗeen ɗoon gaadondire, ko ɗe ngooroondi.

1. E nder hurum winndere oo (ONU), ko Paktaaji/Nanondire ɗiɗi tabitinɗe ɗee hakkeeji eeraaɗi/bi’aaɗi ɗii e nder Eeraango hakkeeji aadee Winndereyankeewo ngo nganndu-ɗaa ngoo ina renndini beeytaaje ɓiyleydaagal e hakkeeji renndo nder tonngannde wootere, e dow potal :

Pakta/nanondiral hakkunde-leyɗe jowitiingal ngal e hakkeeji ɓiyleydaagal e politik, kam e portokol jahduɗo heen oo

Pakta/nanondiral hakkunde-leyɗe jowitiingal ngal e hakkeeji ngalu, renndo e pinal.

2. E nder hurum diiwaan oo, Gaadondire ɗee ngarata ko timmitinde yuɓɓo hakkunde –leyɗe deentugol hakkeeji aadee. Ɗiin ɗoon jahnirɗi diiwaniiji, eɗi ngoodi kadi to Orop, to Amerikaaji, kay e nder Afrik, tawa eɗi ngondi e juɓɓule majji horngo.

Ɗo Afrik ɗoo, ko Sarɗi Afrik mbo hakkeeji Aadeeɓe e Leƴƴi (1981), e les horngo Komisoŋ Afrik mbo hakkeeji aadee. Ñaawirde Afrik nde hakkeeji Aadeeɓe e Leƴƴi ne ina wallita e ƴellitgol e deentugol hakkeeji aadee e nder Afrik.Ina woodi kadi Portokol hakke debbo, mbo siwaa tawa jaɓeede, kono mbo ngnndu-ɗaa Ngootaagu Afrik (Iñoo Afrikeen) no huutoroo ɗum e ɓuri yaajde. Ina waɗi kadi Sarɗi Afrik mbo hakkeeji e welde-nguurndam suka, jaɓaaɗo e hitaande 1990.

Nder CEDEAO, ina tawee heen portokolaaji baɗɗi fayiida, ko wa’i no :- Portokol CEDEAO mbo 1999, jowitiiɗo e jam e daranagol/cafrugol luhre- Portokol ɓeydiiɗo, mbo 2001, jowitiɗo e peewal laamu- Portokol jowitiiɗo e weeytaare yah-ngarta yimɓe, hakke koɗki e jooɗaade e

nokku, mbo 1979- Portokol jowitiiɗo e sarɗi ɓiyleydaagal $Kominotee, mbo 1982.

Goomu ɗimmo na woodi, hono gaadondire keeriiɗe ɗee : woni faandaare majje ko hakke aadee keeriiɗo, ɗe toɗɗii : warleñol, warhooreeji geer/wolde kam warhooreeji neɗɗaagal, maccungaagu, jeeygol aadeeɓe, golle waawnere, moolorde/asil, kisal to renndo, lorngo cokoti kam e lorngooji goɗɗi walla baɗe muusɗe haa fakiti, gittooje neɗɗaagu walla koynooje.Yeruuji :

Gaadondiral ngam faltaade e lorlude warleñol Gaadondiral jowitiingal e susytinde kala mbaadi leñamleñaagu

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Gaadondiral diiwtoowal lorngo cokoti, kam e lorngooji goɗɗi walla baɗe muusɗe haa fakiti, gittooje neɗɗaagu walla koynooje.

Goomu tataɓo oo soomi ko gaadondire jowitiiɗe ɗee e kaɗangol won e pelle renndo keeriiɗe : ɗuum ko ngoƴaaji wonande fedde yimɓe heeriinde, ko wa’i no : mooloyiiɓe e ɓe ngalaa leydi ɓee, arani’en/hoɓɓe/jananɓe, uujiyankooɓe/ɗanniyankooɓe, liggotooɓe, rewɓe, sukaaɓe, yimɓe ustiiɓe ; e yeru :

Gaadondiral jowitiingal e hakkeeji suka Gaadondiral jowitiingal e cuytingol kala mbaadi heedi-heeda faade e rewɓe Gaadondiral hakkunde-leyɗe jowitiingal e deentugol hakkeeji denndaangal

liggotooɓe/gollooɓe ɗanniyankooɓe, kam e yimɓe ɓeynguuji maɓɓe.

E sakket noon, ɗee ɗoo gaadondire na mbaawi renndineede e limoore : jowitiiɗe ɗee e heedi-heedaaji, toɗɗiiɗe kaɓtagol : heedi-heeda leƴƴi (leñamleñaagu), heedi-heeda pawiiɗo e ngonaaku, heedi-heeda to batte janngingol, heedi-heeda to batte golle (dawol) e njoɓdi golle. Kala heen gaadondiral, ina toɗɗii podooje laaɓtuɗe wonande Dowlaaji ɗii, kam e feere cihnugol/tabitingol waɗnde sarɗiiji horngo keewɗi ceerɗi.

Ko ɓuri koo heewde e gaadondire ɗee na lelni yuɓɓo ciimti/rappooraaji ɗi Dowlaaji ɗii poti feewnude kollira, sahaa e sahaa kala, ko yowitii koo e peeje lelnaaɗe kam ɓose keɓaaɗe ngam tabitinde dewtagol hakkeeji keɓtinaaɗi ɗii e gaadondiral hee. Ɗiin ɗoon ciimti, ko goomu fannuyankooɓe/eksepeereeɓe hakkunde-leyɗe njuurnittoo ɗi, ɓeta ɗi (yeru, Goomu/Komitee hakkeeji aadee mbo Nanondirl hakkeeji ɓiyeydaagal e politik darni oo) ; ɓe mbinnda teskooji walla ñiŋooji mumen, e bagginaali ; eɓe mbaawi kadi naamnitaade Dowla yoo laɓɓitin peeje no waɗata walla waasata waɗde haa hakkeeji jaɓaaɗi ɗii tabintinee e leydi mum.

Kono noon, to bannge hakkunde-leyɗeele, ina woodi yuɓɓooji toppitagol goytaali/gulltaali e kalaameeji yimɓe heeriiɓe walla dowlaaji, ñiŋooji ñaaygol hakkeeji aadeeɓe.

Gila 2007, Yuurnito Sahaa e Sahaa Huuɓtidingo, YSH (Examen Périodique Universel, EPU) in woni feere hesre, tuugnorde Batu hakkeeji aadee (yuɓɓunde hakkunde-laamuuji, halfinaande ha), ngam yuurnitaade ngonka hakkeeji aadee e nder kala leydi. Faanditaa heen ko, duuɓi 4 fof, fawaade e yuurnito ciimtol ngenndi leyɗeele ɗee, wallude Dowlaaji terɗe ONU 193 ɗee e moƴƴitinde ngonka hakkeeji aadee e nder leydi heen kala, kadi waɗira ɗum duñcugol ɗe e gollondiral kam e gostondiral baɗe moƴƴe. YSH ngoo, woni faandaare mum ko waɗdude e Dowlaaji ɗii kaaldigal baɗatngal yah-ngartaa ngam timmitinde golle juɓɓule gaadondire ɗee, tawa kadi ngo fawfawtondiraani e majje.21

3. Baɗɗiiɗe hakkunde-leyɗeele wonande Dowlaaji ɗiiWaɗɗiinde dewtagol : Dowl oo na foti woɗaade baɗgol junngo mum e nder naftoragol hakkeeji yimɓe ɓee. Yeru : 21 Conseil ces droits de l’homme. [en ligne] …

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- Waɗɗiinde deentugol : Dowla oo na foti faltaade ñaaygol hakkeeji ngol woɗɓe mbaɗata ; hono, e yeru, reendtude hakkeeji rewɓe ngooroondiiji ɗii, suura ɗumen e won e batte aadaaji/goowaaɗi bonɗi.

- Waɗɗiinde tabitinal : Dowla oo na foti lelnude peeje laawol, laamuyankooje, sariyankooje e to batte kaalis, newnooje ƴellitgol e tabitingol hakkeeji aadee.

Baasgol rewtaade ɗee ɗoo baɗɗiiɗe, ko ñaagol ɗii ɗoo hakkeeji. 4. Peeje ngenndiije jowitiiɗe e ha.Ngam tiiɗtinde demokarasi e nder renndo, alaa e sago naftorgaol hakkeeji aadee wona huunde newaniinde mbo kala.Dowlaaji ɗii na poti ƴettude kala feere jojjunde mbele tabitinal hakkeeji aadee na sihnee. Kala Dowla na foti heblude tottira kaɓirɗe, kuutorteeɗe e ngaluyankooje kala, so jojjii, ngam sihnude hakke e jaati. Fawaade e lelngooji laawol ɓurɗi haande, Dowla oo na foti kalmaade nanngina tooñɓe e baɗ-bone’en ɓee, waɗa feere haa tooñaaɓe keɓa hakke mumen, haɓtoo kadi baasgol ñaaweede lorlee.Jaale hakkeeji aadee ina toppitoo goytaali/gulltaali e kalaameeji tawa ɗum rewaani e mbaawka sarɗiiji.

5. Jahdodinal lelngooji laawol ngenndiiji e hakkeeji aadee ɗii.

Ina waɗɗii Dowlaaji ɗii yahdodinde lelngooji laawol ngenndiiji ɗii e kawraaɗe hakkeeji aadee hakkunde-leyɗeele ɗee.

Gaadondire jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee ɗee, ko ɗum ngoƴa fof’en, hade woni faandaare majje ko tabitinde e jaati hakkeeji keɓtinanaaɗi ɗii kala neɗɗanke. Ndeen noon, ina haani peeje lelnee no Dowlaaji ɗii e ɓiyleydi’en ɓee ndarorii heen darnde mu’en haa timma.Gollal faade e hakkeeji aadee foti ko renndeede e goomuuji, dille, e pelle kaɗangol ɗiin ɗoon hakkeeji kaɓeteeɗe ɗee e kala sahaa mbele ko fodaa e ko aadoniraa koo fof wonta goonga nder nguurndam neɗɗanke ñande kala ɗam.

ƊEREWOL LELNUGOL

Fannuure 2 : ha

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji ha


Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle newnooje ƴellitgol yuɓɓooji hakkunde-leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji ngam rewtaare hakkeeji aadee.


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- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijooji ganndal jowitiiɗe e Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee ɗii.

- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol yuɓɓooji hakkunde-leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee, tawa kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii fof na mbaɗtoraa.

- Yahnude golle janngingol jowitiiɗe e Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee (Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wha) ɗii.

- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji Yuɓɓooji hakkunde leyɗe, diiwaniiji e ngendinkooji wonande hakkeeji aadee ɗii .

Happu : waktuuji 22


- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji- Fotooje, jooɗnirɗe e nate- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe jojjuɗe

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Sahaa gollal




1 Anndinde kelmiije e haqiiqaaji jowitiiɗi e ha.

Kelmiije e Geɗe loowdi e nder binndanɗe jowitiiɗe e yhdn ɗi ha.

Wiɗto duttorɗe

Wiɗto ngonkaajiFijirde gonkinagol

Wiɗto ngonkaaji e duttorɗeMagoyon

W 2

2 Heɓtinde kuutorɗe e jahnirɗe deentugol ha

Roɓindo kuutorɗe e jahnirɗe ngenndiije, diiwaniije e hakkunde-leyɗe ɗe deentugol ha.

W 2

3 Heɓtinde/feññinde baɗɗiiɗe Dowlaaji hakkunde-leyɗee ɗii

Baɗɗiiɗe Dowlaaji hakkunde-leyɗee ɗii to batte ha.

4 Hollirde fayiida jahdodinal binndanɗe ngma cihnugol e nokku gooto

Peeje ngenndiije to batte ha. W 4

5 Jogitaade ngonirkaaji (golle e baɗle) newnooji ƴellitgol ha.

Ekkitorɗe jowitiiɗe e ƴellitgol ngonirkaaji newnooji ƴellitgol e dewtagol ha W 4

6 Safrude caɗeele baasgol rewtaade ha.

Peeje cafrugol luhre tabitineede e ngonkaaji baasgol rewtaade ha.

W 2

7

Ƴettude peeje newaniiɗe kaɗangol e dewtagol hakkeeji aadee.

Ƴellitgol golle e baɗle nafooje, aadiyankooje, ngam kaɗangol e dewtagol ha.

Gollal kawringol renndoMagoyon.

W 2

8

Naattinde/waɗtorde hakkeeji aadee e nder jahnugol golle janngingol.

- Yuurnito/silo kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol daawe ɗee fof.

- Peewnugol ɗereeji janngingol

- Jahnugol sahaaji golle jaŋde/janngingol ɗii

- Beto keɓe ɗee.

W 6

47

YERU ƊEREWOLJANNGINIIRGOL

Tiitoonde : Ha

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Yhdn ɗi haMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndeeWaɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle newnooje ƴellitgol yuɓɓooji hakkunde-leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji ngam rewtaare hakkeeji aadee.

Paandale jaŋde/janngingolHeɓindaade ɓure e miijooji ganndal jowitiiɗi e yuɓɓooji hakkunde-leyɗeeji, diiwaniiji e ngenndinkooji ɗi ha.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee (darsu oo) / ngonka janngugol : ƴamgol hakkeeji Karalle potɗe ƴelliteede

KARALLE

Hakkille/ganndal Jikkuyankeeje/waaw-waɗde

Karallaagal/waaw-wonde

- Feññinde/heɓtinde sifaaji/leƴƴi ha.

- Anndinde kelmiije jowitiiɗe ɗee e ha.

- Rewtaade ha- Waɗde golle kaanɗe

- Hollirde haa laaɓa kuutorɗe hakkeeji aadee jojjanɗe ɗee paamugol e toppitagol ngonkaaji keɓaaɗi

- Yuurnitaade/silde/ƴeewtindaade ngonka njowitiika e keɓtingol ha.


Kuutorɗe hakkunde-leyɗe, duundeyankooje e diiwaniije (paktaaji/nanondire, sarɗiiji, gaadondire, porokolaaji), doosgal ngonka leydi, kuule, e binndanɗe sariya goɗɗe, nate, fotooje e tammborɗe $ojowiisel goɗɗe. (tufle web).

48


TAƳREGOLLE


Juurnitagol/ƴeewtagol/horo ko foti woodde koo / ko eelaa heɓeede ko

Ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijooji potɗi janngeede ɗii

-njaabtoo naamne

- Q.C.M- Golle

gooto gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

Rokkira miijo ngonka :Foto holliroowo ceppal/dillere yimɓe. Seppooɓe ɓee na njogii alluwe jaaynirɗe, ina winndaa heen won e ƴame hakkeeji aadee : weeytaare e hollirde miijo mum, hakke e jaŋde, hakke e golle, diiwtugol heedi-heeda. Won e seppooɓe hee jogiiɓe bedi/cabbi, e booldeeje, e kaaƴe.Yamiroore :-Faccirde ngoo ɗoo foto-heɓtinde/feññinde hakkeeji

ƴameteeɗi ɗii, e timmitinde hakkeeji aadee ɗii, tawa oɗon tuugnii e duttorɗe goodaaɗe ɗee

-wagginde seppooɓe ɓee peeje goɗɗe ɗe njiidaa e fitina, ngam waɗde haa hakkeeji mu’en ndewtee

- feccondirde binndanɗe kuutorɗe ɓurɗe teeŋtu ɗee, tawa goomu fof ko winndannde wootere.

Njaabtoo naamne ɗee

Paccira foto ngoo

Naamne e jaabawuuji

Golle denndaaɗe


Yuɓɓina yuurnito ngooDuñca e gostondire miijooji ɗeeYuɓɓina gartirgol golle ngol (ciimti golle ɗii)

- Njuurnitoo foto ngoo

- Mbaɗa jamirooje ɗee

GostondiralFeere piɓtigol fiɓre / feere cafrugol saɗeende.


Yuɓɓina kaaldigal ngal

Yuɓɓina tonngo golle ngoo

-njuɓɓina jaabawuuji mu’en ɗii fawaade e ɗee ɗoo toɓɓe : leƴƴi hakkeeji, kuutorɗe deentugol/kaɗangol, jahnirɗe deentugol.

Gostondiral

toongo

Beto/bilaa goll ɗee

Wernoo/werloo naamne kaalaaɗe walla binndaaɗe ngam ƴeewtaade keɓe ɗee


Gollal gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

Rokkira miijo ngonka : Nder janngirde mon, hooreejo

wallifo jaaynde lekkol oo ko diiwaaɗo sabaabu nde ardiiɓe ɓee mbi’i ɗerewol doondingol bone

Ndokkira miijo jahnugol golle ngol kam e taƴe binndannde

Golle goomu

Ñemmbingol/Baɗkinagol

49

feeñii e jaaynde hee.Kolob hakkeeji aadee lekkol oo ƴetti

peeje no ɓe kaɓroranaa diiwaaɗo oo.

Fawaade e kuutorɗe e jahnirɗe goodɗe ɗee, cifo-ɗee jahnugol golle ngol, kadi $mbaɗon heen yeruuji.

$jahdooje heen ɗee Fijirde

gonkinagol

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha.Mbaawka

Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle newnooje ƴellitgol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee


- Heɓindaade haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee - Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee tawa

kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii fof na mbaɗtoraa.- Yahnude golle janngingol jowitiiɗe e haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee - Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha.

Geɗe loowdi

1. Haqiiqaaji jahduɗi ɗii e hakkeeji aadee Winndereyankaagal e baasgol waawde wosteede : hakkeeji aadee ko

ɗi winndereyankeeji, ɗi ngostetaake. Kala ɓiy Aadama, ɗo o waawi wonde e aduna hee fof, ina waawi naŋtaade e majji. Alaa fof baawɗo ɗi tottirde e belaaɗe mum, alaa kadi baawɗo ɗi ɗawde neɗɗo.

Baasgol waawde feccede : hakkeeji aadee peccotaako/peccetaake. Hakkeeji ɓiyleydaagal e politik, hakkeeji ngalu, hakkeeji renndo e pinal fof ko tagdaa e ndimmagu neɗɗanke. Kamɗi fof poti nafoore/ɓural/njaru, haa ɗum waɗi ɗi mbaawaa regondireede e ɓurondiral.

Jowtondiral e juɓɓondiral : tabitingol won hakke, ina heewi fawaade, heen sahaaji, e cihnugol hakke walla hakkeeji goɗɗi.

Potal e alaa-heedi-heedaagal : Aadeeɓe fof na mbaawi naŋtaade e hakkeeji fof, ko aldaa e paltoor ; haa teeŋti noon e hakkeeji leñol, goobu ɓanndu, ngonaagu, hinde, duuɓi, ɗemngal, diine, iwdi ngenndi walla renndo, ustaare, ngalu, jibinannde, walla kala ngonka ngoɗka, no ɗum haaldiraa nii haa laaɓi e kuutorɗe jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee ɗee.

Jeyegol heen/tawtoregol e naattinegol : yimɓe fof, e leƴƴi leyɗeele fof, eɓe njogii hakke e heɓde fartanke tawtoregol timmungol, beeytingol, payidinngol kam e baɗgol junngo maɓɓe e naftoragol ɓamtaare ɓiyleydaagal, ngalu, renndo, pinal e politik ɗe nganndu-ɗa ɗee hakkeeji aadee e beeytaaje $$ [fondamentales] na mbaawi heen tabitineede.

50

Baɗɗagol ciimtol golle e ngardiigu laawol : Dowlaaji ɗii, e joom’en baɗɗiiɗe woɗɓe ɓee, eɓe poti defaade ciimtol no ɓe tabitinirta nii hakkeeji aadee. So tawii ɓe ndewtaaki sarɗiiji sariya gonɗi ɗii e kuutorɗe jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee ɗee, oon sahaa yimɓe ɗawaaɓe ɓee hakkeeji mu’en eɓe mbaawi kalmaade to ñaawirde/tirbinaal walla ñaawirde woɗnde, fawaade e doosɗe e jahnirɗi ɗi laawol lelni ɗii.

2. Sifaaji/mbaadiiji hakkeeji aadee :- hakkeeji aadee ko ko ko tagdaa e kala innama aadee, ko ɗi

winndereyankeeji ne ; kala neɗɗanke ko heen jibidinaa- ɗi pawii ko e ndimaagu tagdaangu kam e fayiida/njaru mbo yimɓe fof

denti nanndi. - ko ɗi potɗi, ɗi peccotaako, jowyotondirɗe- alaa baawɗo ɗo ɗi ɓolaade, kadi alaa baawɗo ɗi teetude e neɗɗo- ko ɗi pawooji baɗɗiiɗe, to batte baɗe walla welsindaare/jejjitgol, haa teeŋti

noon wonande Dowlaaji e yimɓe laamu ɓee- ko ɗi deentaaɗi to bannge hakkunde-leyɗeele - ko ɗi moolaaɗi/kaɗanaaɗi/ɗuwaaɗi to bannge sariya- ko ɗi deenooji yimɓe walla nii goomuuji yimɓe.

3. Sarɗiiji hakkeeji aadee ko ɗi laawɗinaaɗi e nder yuɓɓooji sariya hakkunde-leyɗe, diiwaniije e ngenndiije kala. Ko ɗi sarɗiiji jahnugol golle kam e golle-e-baɗle ɗi nganndu-ɗaa, fawiiɓe baɗɗiiɗi ɓee, hono joɗle [$instances] Dowlaaji ɗee, ina mbaawi heen naamniteede ciimtol.Gaadannɗe/podanɗe Dowlaaji hakkunde-leyɗe ɗee, komiteeji fannuyankooɓe/eksepeereeɓe heeriiɓe , bi’eteeɗi « juɓɓule rewindo nanondire walla juɓɓule gaadondiraaɗe » ina ndeeɗi ɗe.

4. Caɗeele/casi e paljinooje ha Keewal luhre e nder doŋre-diiwaan hee Ñaaygol hakkeeji aadee ɓurtungol, e nder luhre ɗee Ŋakkere pellital politik faade e dewtagol e deentugol ha Baasagol anndude kuutorɗe e binndanɗe jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee ɗee Lelngooji laawol ngenndiiji ɗii waasde yahdodineede e kawraaɗe h-l ɗee no

haanirta nii Baasal yimɓe leyɗe ɓee, kam ɓurondire/ŋakke potal e nder renndo ɗee22

5. Jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee e keblugol yimɓe e haHaqiiqaaji cosɗi ɗii hakkeeji aadeeko kamɗi njoopni/mbaɗani joopannde denndaangal porogaramuuji ɗii e nder peewnugol ɗi, tabitingol ɗi e betgol ɗi. Jjhakkeeji aadee feŋii/ñiɓii/deŋii ko e haqiiqa tawtoregol/jehegol heen, ko ngandu-ɗaa koo ina nawori darnde e horo timmungo, wonande yimɓe ɓee, faade e ɓosɓosal ɓamtaare ngal e nder ngal heen kala e daawe yiilo/taartol peewnugol porogaramuuji ɗii, hono : miijtogol, juurnitagol/silo, tabitingol e rewindo-ɓeto.Ko nii woni, politikaaji laamu e ɗi ɓamtaare ɗii fof, ina mbaɗanaa joopale, tawa ko e duumaare, kadi e no ɓuri neworaade, faade e tabitingol paandale jowitiiɗe e

22 Tufle web seeɗa, nafooje [copier et coller ici]

51

hakkeeji aadee. Jjhakkeeji aadee [ABDH] ina jeyaa e ko ɓurata moƴƴitinde ɓosɓosal ɓamtaare, tawa ina waɗa njeñcule duumiiɗe, ɓurɗe kadi fotondirde.Lelngoji/eɓɓooji, politikaaji e jahnirɗi ɓamtaare ɗii ina ko ɗi peŋaaɗi e nder yuɓɓo hakkeeji e baɗɗiiɗi jahduɗi heen, tawi ko laawol h-l lelni ɗum.Hannde hannde oo, fa’aa ko e paamugol kawrangol wonande jaale Dowlaaji Dentuɗi [ONU] ɗii, e ko yowitii koo e jaɓɓal gollondiral ngam ɓamtaare pawingal e hakkeeji aadee. Waɗde/ndeen noon, ɓiyleydi’en ɓee maa ɓe keble e hakkeeji aadeembele eɓe mabaawa jeyeede e ɓosɓosal peewnugol politikaaji laamu ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ɗii, ko heen ngurndam mu’en ñande kala fawii.So artii e ngonka ngoowaaka ngoota, cuɓorɗe tati mbaɗata haa ardiiɓe laamu ɓee mbaawa yuurnitaade won toɓɓere. So tawii ɗii ɗoo sababuuji tati garooji ndenndii, ina ɓura joorteede wonde maa taƴnooɓe mbaɗtor won toɓɓere :

Toɓɓere ndee, walla saɗeende ndee, ina heewi nafoore/faayiida, e kuuɓal Yoga e yimɓe, teskiniingo, na naamnii yoo won baɗal/gollal waɗe Toɓɓere ndee na joganii/woodani nafoore fedde laamu nde nde hollitaa

ndee, tee kadi, ndeen ɗoon fedde ina haani waawde safrude nde/heɓannde nde piɓtol.

Taƴnooɓe ɓee mbaawaa waɗtoraade njuurnitoo denndaangal toɓɓe ɗe yimɓe walla goomuuji yimɓe peññinta ɗee. Ginol golle ngol na waawi teddude (heewde toɓɓe) oo gaa bannge, tawa kadi ko ɓuri heewde e goomuuji keeriiɗi ina ndaranii ngoƴaaji maɓɓe, oo too bannge. Ɗuum na waawi addande taƴnooɓe politik ɓee wontuɓe e katane-rigane [eɓee nduñiree ceŋɗe kala]. Geɗe ɗee ɓurtira ɗumen/ɓurta juuɗe maɓɓe, ɓe ɓadtoo ɓennitde ko fannuyankooɓe politik mbi’ata koo « mbaawka maɓɓe donngal ». Ɗum adda noon ko wa’i no ɓeɗo e daande ɓeydiingo e nder ɓosɓosal ƴettugol taƴne ngal. So wonii ginol golle ngol ɓurtii juuɗe taƴnooɓe ɓee, tee ɓiyleydi’en ɓee kadi ɓeydiima tikkude, yimɓe ɓurɓe finde/seeɓde ɓee, wumtanɓe tigi pewjangol ɓosɓosal ngal, ko ɓeen tan mbaawata waɗde feere haa keɓe ko cokli ko. Laamu nguu waawa waɗde huunde, wonande kala saɗeende nde yoga e renndo ngoo hollita wonde ko ko jojji. Kono tan noon, ko e nder porogaraam laamu nguu, taƴnooɓe ɓee teskotoo maale ballooje ɓe e gollude e hollirde gardiiɗe mu’en. Jaaynirɗe ɗee, kam e ɓiyleydi’en ɓee, ko ɓeen ɓuri wonde mahooɓe porogaraam laamu ɓee.Ƴellitde mbaawkaaji baawɗi waɗde haa ɓiyleydi’en ɓee naatna ƴamgol hakkeeji mu’en kam e cihnugol fotdeeji mu’en ngol e nder porogaraam laamu hee.Ndeen noon, ina haani, heblaaɓe ɓee mbaɗee e nder ngonkaaji jaŋde baawɗi ɓe gollinde $directement e dow toɓɓe politik laamu keɓduɗe ɗee e nguurnam mumen ñande kala ɗam kam e eɗam renndo mu’en ; kadi ɗi mbaɗa ɗumen ɗaɓɓitde safaruuji, kam e haɓaneede $directement yoo ɗii safaruuji mbaɗtore to bannge laamu kalfinaangu nguu jooltugol hujjaaji bi’aaɗi ɗii/cafrugol caɗeele toɗɗaaɗe ɗee.23

ƊEREWOL LELNUGOL

Fannuure 2 :

23 Projet Citizen [Copier coller ici].

52

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha


Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle newnooje ƴellitgol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha

Paandale jaŋde/janngingol- Heɓindaade haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee - Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee tawa

kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii fof na mbaɗtoraa.- Yahnude golle janngingol jowitiiɗe e haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee - Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha.



- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde nde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji - Fotooje- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe jojjuɗe


Sahaa gollal



PeejeDuumaare/ɓooyeeki hasbaande

1 Anndinde haqiiqaaji e sarɗiiji jowitiiɗi ɗii e ha

Haqiiqaaji e sarɗiiji

Joorngo miijoojiWiɗto duttorɗe (muulaaɗe, e ɗi Internet),Gostondiral, yeewtere, golle goomu, golle gooto gooto, Anket/

W 2

2 Feññinde haqiiqaaji cifotooɗi ɗii hakkeeji aadee

Haqiiqaaji cifotooɗi ɗii ha W 2

3 Miijtaade peeje golle newnooje dewtagol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee.

Jaɓɓal « hakkeeji aadee » W 4

53

naamnital, golle ɗowaaɗe, ñemmbinal/baɗkinagol, fijirde gonkinagol, golle diidgol…

4 Jogitaade ngonirkaaji (golle e baɗle) newnooji haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha.

Ekkitorɗe jowitiiɗe e ƴellitgol golle e baɗle kollirooje dewtagol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha.

W 4

5 Waɗtorde/naattinde haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee ɗii.

- Juurnitagol kaɓirɗe jaŋde e janngingol dawe ɗee fof

-Peewnugol ɗereeji janngingol

- Jahnugol sahaaji golle jaŋde/janngingol

-ɓetgol keɓe ɗee.

W 6

YERU ƊEREWOLJANNGINIRGOL

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee/Ngonka jaŋde ndee : ƴellitgol ha.

Mbaawka Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle newnooje ƴellitgol haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji ha

Faandaare jaŋde/janngingol :- Heɓindaade haqiiqaaji ndaɗɗudi kam e sarɗiiji jowitiiɗi e hakkeeji aadee ɗii.

54

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji haKaralle potɗe ƴelliteede :

KARALLE

Hakkille/ganndal Jikkuuji/waaw-waɗde Karallaagal/waaw-wonde

Heɓtinde haqiiqaaji e sarɗiiji ndaɗɗuɗi jowitiiɗi ɗii e hakkeeji aadee.

-Rewtaade hakkeeji woɗɓe ɓee.- waɗde fotdeeji mum

Hollirde kuutorɗe hakkeeji aadee ɗe paamugol e daranagol ngonkaaji keɓaaɗi naamnii ɗee.


Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗeJubbanɗe e kuutorɗe h-l, duundenkooje e diiwaniije (tawa Taƴe 1 e 7 ɗe Portokol timmitinal demokaraasi e peewal laamu, na heen), ngenndiije kam e kala winndannde jojjunde yoitiine heen, tammborɗe ojowisel, ekn.

Jahnugol sahaa gollal janngingol/janngugol oo

TAƳREGOLLE



Waɗa haa laaɓtindee tolno ganndangol e tolno pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e ko foti janngeede koo


-Q. C. M.Golle gooto gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

Gollal 1 : Wi’a yoo janngooɓe ɓee mbaɗ mago ñaaygol gooto walla keewɗi e hakkeeji aadee winndereyankeeje ɗii (eeraango winndere ha), o wi’a yoo ɓe cuɓto hakkeeji ñaayaaɗi ɗii.

Mbaɗa fijirde mago ngoo, ɓe cuɓtoo hakkeeji toɗɗaaɗi ɗii.

Fijirde baɗkinagol

Gollal goomu

Gollal 2 : Kebloowo oo yuɓɓina goomuuji golle ɗii, kadi fawa miijo yoo taro ruttorde waɗee, yowitiingo e Udditirka Erraango Winndere ngo Ha.Yamiroore : tarde, kadi jaabtoo naamne jowitiiɗe ɗee e haqiiqaaji ndaɗɗudi, sarɗiiji haJokkitina taro ngoo, teeŋti noon e taƴe 1e , 4, 18, 23 ; caggal ɗuum o naamnoo

Njannga/tara, ɓe njaabtoroo, gooto gooto walla e goomu, naamne kebloowo ɗee.

Ñemmbingol/baɗkinagolJoorngo miijoojiRoɓindo jaabawuuji

Taro e silo ruttorgo, naamne-jaabawuuji rewa heen.

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janngooɓe ɓee yo ɓe ngeto heɓtinde sifaaji hakkeeji aadee gonɗi heen ɗii.

Kirjingol golle hakkunde goomuuji/gartirgol golle goomuuji

Yuɓɓina silo/yuurnito ngooDuñca gostondire ɗeeYuɓɓina ciimti-golle ɗii

Ngartira ko mbaɗnoo

E nder kawral manngal, ngal kebloowo oo hirjinta ngal

Gostondire e nder kawral/duɗal manngal

Karalle laɓɓitingol ngaluuji/nafooje ɗee

Ɓeydaari to miijooji/tiiɗtingol e tonngugol

-Wallita e juɓɓingol e deeƴnugol humpitooji ɗi janngooɓe ɓee ndoɓindii ɗii, kadi wooda ko e ɓeydi heen.

Mbaɗa tonngol dow haqiiqaaji, sarɗiiji e sifaaji hakkeeji aadee ɗii e nder haatumeere tonngirde.

Haatumeere tonngirde.

Beto/bilaa -Rokkira miijo ngonka ɓetirka, tawa ko e mbaadi toɓɓere ñaaygol hakkeeji aadee fotnde wiɗteede.

- mbiɗta toɓɓere ndee

Gollal gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

- walla janngooɓe ɓee e darnugol kolobaaji ƴellitgol e kaɗangol ha.

Kawridina, cosa kolobaaji ƴellitgol e kaɗangol hakkeeji aadee kadi ɓe peewna feere haɓtorde.

Kawringol renndo/jeyegol

Batu sosngoNgardiigu ndenndaangu.

Jubbannde e eerango ujunannde ndee, ONU, Deesammburu 2000, eerango ujunannde ndee

Hakkeeji aadeedemokarasi e peewal laamu Min mbelsintaako hay tiiɗnaare wootere, ngam ƴellitde demokarasi e tiiɗtinde dowla laawol, kam e rewtaare/dewtagol hakkeeji aadee ɗii fo e beeytaaje ndaɗɗudi keɓtinaaɗe ɗee h-l , haa arti e hakke e ɓamtaare.

Ndeen noon min pellitii/taƴnii [wonde] :- rewtaade e sihnude/tabitinde e kuuɓal Erraango Hakkeeji

aadeeWinndereyankeewo ;- Ƴeewde no tabitiniraa/sihniraa, e nder leyɗeele ɗee fof, ƴellitgol e

deentugol kuuɓtidinngol hakkeeji ɓeyleydaagal kam e hakkeeji politik, ngalu, renndo e pinal wonande kala aaadee ;

- Tiiɗtinde, e nder leyɗeele ɗee fof, mbaawkaaji kaanɗi ɗi ngam tabitinde haqiiqaaji e bɗle demokarasi, kam e dewtagol hakkeeji aadeehaa arti e hakkeeji ɓurɓe famɗude ɓee ;

- Haɓaade kala mbaadi fitina faade e rewɓe, kam e sihnude Gaadondiral ngam cuytingol kala mbaadi heedi-heeda fade e rewɓe ;

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- Ƴettude peeje ngam tabitinde dewtagol e deentugol hakkeeji ndaɗɗudi wonande ɗanniyankooɓe, liggotooɓe ɗannotooɓe e ɓesnguuji maɓɓe, ngam dartinde baɗle leñamleñaagu e hul-njananaangu, ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ɗee ina tan ɓeydoo ƴellitaade e e nder renndooji keewɗi, kam e ƴellitde jahdodinal ɓurngal timmude, kam e muñondiral ɓurngal newaade e nder renndooji ɗii kala ;

- Liggodaade, enen fof, e feere haa leyɗeele ɗee kala ƴetta ɓosɓose politik ɓurɗe fotondirɗe, baɗooje haa ɓiyleydi’en fof njeyee e ngurndam politik ɗam ;

- Tabitinde hakke jaaynirɗe ɗee e daraade darnde majje ɓurnde timmude, kam e hakke yimɓe renndo ngoo e humpiteede.

Reentude/ɗuwde/haɗande yimɓe $yaawɓe boomaade ɓee :

Min mbelsintaako hay tiiɗnaare wootere ngam waɗde haa sukaaɓe e denndaangal yimɓe renndo, ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ɓee ina ngoni e muuseendi ɓurtundi, sabaabu nde batte ummoriiɗe e musibbaaji ɗi Alla waɗi, baɗle war-leƴƴi, luhre njogitaaje kam ngonkaaji heñnaare nguurndam-neɗɗanke, kamɓe fof ɓe mbaawa heɓde ko haani koo e ballital e deentugol, mbele eɓe mbaawa heɓɓitaade ngurndam newiɗam e ko ɓuri yaawde e yaccaade.

Ndeen noon, min pellitii/taƴnii [wonde] : Yajjitde e tiiɗtinde denntugol yimɓe renndo ɓee nder ngonakaaji

heñnaare jiiɓiiɗi ɗii, fawaade e laawol nguurndam-neɗɗanke h-l ngol ; Tiiɗtinde gollondiral h-l, haa arti e renndude donngal leyɗeele

jaɓɓotooɗe mooliiɓe ɗee, kam e juɓɓondirgol ballital ngurndam-neɗɗanke ngal ; wallude mooliiɓe ɓee fof , kam e yimɓe egginaaɓe ɓee fof, haa ɓe mbaawa hoɗtoyde/ruttade to maɓɓe e belaaɗe mɓɓe, tawa ko e kisal gondungal e ndimaagu timmungu ; kadi ɓe naattira newaare e nder renndo ngo ɓe njeyaa ngoo ;

Duñcude e nuunɗingol e tabitingol kuuɓtidinngol Gaadondiral jowitiingal ngal e hakkeeji suka, kam yoo portokolaaji maggal, ɗi ngonaa baɗɗiiɗi, paatuɗi ɗii e jeyegol sukaaɓe e luhre njogitaaje, jeeygol sukaaɓe, jeeyagol rewɓe [cagayaagal] sukaaɓe kam e geɗe pornoo naworɗe sukaaɓe.

Yooltude hujjaaji keeranii Afrik ɗii :Ma min njaggiran tiiɗtingol demokarasi e Afrik, min mballa kadi Afriknaaɓe e nder hare maɓɓe nde ɓe kaɓantee ngam sihnude jam e ɓamtaare duumiinde, kam e cuytingol baasal, mbele duundeeri Afrik ndii naata e ngalu-e-faggudu aduna oo $[no haanirta nii].

Ndeen noon min pellitii/taƴnii [wonde] : Jaggirande kaaɗdi baawɗe amen juɓɓule politik e jaaliyankeeje

demokarasiiji ngonɗi ɗii e feeñde/ƴollude/ƴeesaade e Afrik ; Duñcude e jaggirande jahnirɗi golle, diiwaniiji e doŋe-diiwaniiji kala,

wonande paltagol luhre e ƴellitgol deeƴre politik, kam e tabitinde finaasmaa duumiiɗo faade e golle cihnugol jam baɗeteeɗe e dow duundeeri hee fof ;

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Ƴettude peeje keeriiɗe ngam daranaade ɗii ɗoo casi : cuytingol baasal e tabitingol ɓamtaare duumiinde e Afrik, haa arti e momtugol ñamaande ndee, beeɓtingol heɓde e jeeyirɗe hee $[marseeji/jehe], ɓeydegol ballal laamuuji e ɓamtaare [BLƁ] ngal, kam e ilngooji naatnugol kaalis /$westismaaaji gar’ari peewɗi, kam e eggingol gannde karalle [teknolosi] ;

Wallude Afrik e jogitaade mbaawkaaji kaanɗi ɗii, ngam dartinde jaalagol jaŋgara VIH/sida goɗdaaɗo oo, kam e ñabbuuji daaɓooji goɗɗi.

Doggol defte duttorɗe

[copier et coller ici]

Doggol tufle web

Huunde e tufle web nafooje : [copier et coller ici]

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JOKKEJokkere 1.

Jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee e nder ɓosɓosal lelnugol

Hol ko woni jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee ? jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji toɗɗii ko duttingol kam e tabitinirgol no haanirta nii kelmiije hakkeeji aadee e nder ciimti, haalaaji, duttorɗe e eɓooji ONU kala.jaɓɓal jowitiingal ehakkeeji aadeefaanditii ko yoo wallidiiɓe e ɓamtaare ɓee paw ballal mumen e dow Dowlaaji ɗii rewtaade ha.jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji ko miijtagol e tabitingol baɗle toɗɗiiɗe hakkeeji aadee ɗee.

Hol ko woni jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee ?

Hurum miijo paaminoowo sababuuji kaɗooji ɗii tabitgol hakkeeji aadee pawiiɗi e sarɗiiji e haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee winndereyankooji, tawa eɗi paanditii ƴellitgol mbaawkaaji joom’en hakkeeji ɓee ƴamta hakkeeji mu’en, kam e yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee ndefoo baɗɗiiɗi mu’en.

Joopale CCA/UNDAF 2007, h. 14

Hol ko woni jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee ?Ɓosɓosal ɓamtaare fawii ko e sarɗiiji e haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee h-l ɗii. Engal jaɓi wonde aadeeɓe ko joom’en hakkeeji, kadi ina lelni baɗɗiiɗi e dow yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee. Ina teeŋtini goomuuji yimɓe ceŋginaaɗi e baɗaaɗi heedi-heeda ɗii.Ina joofii tabitingol seese seese hakkeeji aadee ɗii fof.Ina fotondiri tabitingol ngol e ɓosɓosal ɓamtaare ngal fof.

Ko waɗi haa jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee na suɓee ngam ɓamtaare ? Ngalu/ɓural/nafoore tagdaangu Fayiida wonande peeje ɓamtaare Sababuuji jaaliyankooji – Ngalu

ɓeydaangu ummoraade e NU.

Paamal ONU denndangal faade e jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee FAANDAARE : Porogaramuuji

gollondiral ngam ɓamtaare ɗii fof eɗi potnoo ɓosnude tabital hakkeeji aadee hono no ɗi kolliriraa nii e Eeraango winnderehakkeeji aadee ngoo kay e nder kuutore h-l goɗɗe.

ƁOSƁOSAL : Sarɗiiji e haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee ɗowata gollondiral e lelnugol ngam ɓamtaare ngol fof, e nder lowe e daawe lelnugol ɗee fof.

TABITINAL : Gollondiral ngam ɓamtaare ina wallita e ƴellitgol mbaawkaaji yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee mbele eɓe ndefoo baɗɗiiɗi mu’en, kam e

Porogaramuuji gollondiral ngam ɓamtaare ɗii fof eɗi potnoo ɓosnude tabital hakkeeji aadee hono no ɗi kolliriraa nii e Eeraango winndere hakkeeji aadee ngoo kay e nder kuutore h-l goɗɗe.-FAANADAARE : Tabitingol hakkeeji aadee woni faanndare joofirde wonande porogaramuuji ɓamtaare ɗii fof.Jaɓɓal jowitiingal ehakkeeji aadee ina battina e dow keɓtingol peeje NU gardiiɗe ɗee kam e wallidiiɓe woɗɓe jaɓɓe ɓee ƴettude ngaal jaɓɓal.Lelnugol ngol ƴettata humpito ko e nder

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jogiiɓe hakkeeji ɓee mbele eɓe ƴamta hakkeeji mu’en.

bagginaali juɓɓule e jahnirɗi NU h-l ɗii.

Sarɗiiji e haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadeeɗowata gollondiral e lelnugol ngam ɓamtaare ngol fof, e nder lowe e daawe lelnugol ɗee fof-ƁOSƁOSAL : Sarɗiiji e haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee ina moƴƴitina mbaadi tabitine e ɓosɓose ɗeeSarɗiiji hakkeeji aadee ina keertoo « lowre » ɗo ɓamtaare waɗata ɗooHaqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee ina ngadda « doosɗe fijirde » ngam ɓosɓosl ɓamtaare ngal.

…Naattingol sarɗiiji e haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee e nder daawe ɓosɓosal lelnugol ngal fof …

Ɓeto & silo

Rewindo-ɓeto Ganndingol gardiiɗe

Tabitingol Lelnugol e miijtagol porogaraam

Sarɗi haLoowdi haake e ko ɓuri famɗude : mbaadi ƴame ɓurɗe famɗude ɗe hakke naatni ɗee e baɗle

Saanga lelnugol ngol, sarɗiiji ɗowat… keɓtingol casi ɓamtaare ɗii, ko wa’i no toɓɓe hakkeeji aadee (Ɓeto) … Juurnitagol darɗe e mbaawkaaji joom’en hakkeeji e yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee …. Lelnugol paandale ɓamtaare ngol … Kaalgol duttorɗe ɗee e kollirooje jahduɗe heen ɗee.

Haqiiqaaji hakkeeji aadee

Winnderyankaagal e baasgol waawde wosteedeBaasgol waawde fecceedeJowtondiral e loggondiral

jaɓɓal jowitiingal ehakkeeji aadeena naamnii ɓadtondiral ɓurngal mawnude to batte pinalPaamugol gooŋɗine/dewe e ɓure ina weeɓtina tabitingol jaɓɓal jowitiingal e hakkeeji aadee. Ɓadtondiral to pinal ina adda baɗtorgol porogaramuuji ɗii ɓurngol dowliɗde wonande renndooji ɗii Kono noon, ƴame jowitiiɗe e pinal ɗee mbaawataa waɗde haa ñaayngooji hakkeeji aadee na mbaɗee. Won e baɗle pinal baawɗe wonde ƴame to batte ha.CEDEF na naamnii baylitgol mbaadiiji pinal kam e golle e baɗle gaadante ɗee, so wonii ko ɗe duñcooje e ɓurnondiral hakkunde ngonaaguuji ɗiɗi ɗii [debbo e gorko].

Gollondiral ngam ɓamtaare ina wallita e ƴellitgol mbaawkaaji yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee mbele eɓe ndefoo baɗɗiiɗi mu’en, kam e/walla joom’en hakkeeji ɓee mbele eɓe ndaranoo tabitingol ɗi.

-TABITINAL : Ina ɓuri teeŋtineede jotondire hakkunde yimɓe ɓee e Dowla oo (ƴame – baɗɗiiɗi)Ummoraade e baɗgol nafoore, ko woni koo ne’aande ɓamtaare, faade e tiiɗtingol mbaawkaaji ngam ƴamde e tabitinde ha.Dowlaaji ɗii na kaandi e mbaawkaaji ngam tiiɗtinde yuɓɓooji ngenndiiji deentugol ɗii, kam e defaade baɗɗiiɗi majji ɗii.

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Joom’en hakkeeji ɓee e yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓeeJoom’en hakkeeji ɓee : yimɓe 6, 652, 595, 567Kala neɗɗanke, gorko, debbo walla/maa suka mbo kala leñol, calsalol walla hinde, mbo kala mbaadi nguurndam.Heen sahaaji, goomuuji ɗii

Yimɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee : ɓuri famɗude no feewi to limre.Ina ɓuri teeŋtude heen Dowlaaji ɗii.Heen sahaaji, yimɓe heeriiɓe ɓee na njogii baɗɗiiɗi keeriiɗi.Yimɓe e pelle keeriiɗe ɗee na jogii darɗe tawaaɗe faade e renndo ngoo ngam rewtaade hakkeeji woɗɓe ɗii.

Nafoore tiiɗtingol mbaawkaaji ngol

Tabitingol hakkeeji aadee e paandaleɓamtaare aadeeɓe ndee

Ƴamal e sihnugol Tabitinal Hakkeeji baɗɗiiɗi

Tiiɗtingol mbaawkaaji tuugingol e ha

Mbaawkaaji Mbaawkaaji ngam tottirgol baawɗe defagol/potgol gaddaade

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Haqiiqa winndereyankaagal e baasgol waawde wosteedeHaqiiqa winndereyankaagal e baasgol waawde wosteede hakkeeji aadee ina naamnii : alaa neɗɗo cuytinteeɗo walla jaltinteeɗo ha.

Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ɗii.

Politikaaji e porogaramuuji laamu ɗii na potnoo jogaade : Geɗe peccaaɗe ceerndaa ngam heɓtinde ngonkaaji caɗtuɗi njaltingol e ceŋgingol Peeje golle keeriiɗe ngam jaabtaade ɗuum ɗoon.

Haqiiqa baasgol waawde fecceede & loggondirgolHaqiiqa baasgol waawde fecceede & loggondirgol hakkeeji aadee ɗii na naamnii : keɓtingol e deentugol hakkeeji ɗii.Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ɗii.Hurumaaji sariya :Fotaano heedrande deentugol won e hakkeeji woppa ɗiya ?Politikaaji nlaamu ɗii na potnoo :tuugnaade e yuurnito huuɓtidinngo wonande geɗe ɓamtaare ɗee, adda jaabawuuji timmuɗi kullifannuyankeeji/ɗi fannuuji keewɗiJaale Dowla ɗee : Yuɓɓinde jokkondiral hakkunde-jaale e nder fannuuji keewɗiNaatnude heen jaale kalfinaaɗe ɗee deentugol, rewindo, e potgol defaade.$ Ko ko ɗimmitaa

Haqiiqa baasgol waawde fecceede & loggondirgol

Baasgol waawde fecceede & loggondirgol/loggondiral hakkeeji aadee ɗii na naamnii : keɓtingol e deentugol hakkeeji ɗii.Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ɗii.Hurumaaji sariya :Fotaano heedrande deentugol won e hakkeeji woppa ɗiya.Politikaaji laamu ɗii na potnoo :tuugnaade e yuurnito huuɓtidinngo wonande geɗe ɓamtaare ɗee, adda jaabawuuji timmuɗi kullifannuyankeeji/ɗi fannuuji keewɗiJaale Dowla ɗee : Yuɓɓinde jokkondiral hakkunde-jaale e nder fannuuji keewɗiNaatnude heen jaale kalfinaaɗe ɗee deentugol, rewindo, e potgol defaade.

Haqiiqa potal & alaa-heedi-heedaagalPotal & alaa-heedi-heeda ina pawi Dowlaaji ɗii :Ittude heedi-heedaagl sariya, jaale, hakkunde yimɓe, e nder kala njuɓɓudi.

Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol ngenndiiji ɗii.

Hurumaaji sariya ɗii na potnoo…

Jaale laamu ɗee na potnoo ….

Politikaaji laamu ɗii na potnoo …

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Haqiiqa tawtoregol/jeyegol heenHaqiiqa tawtoregol/jeyegol heen wonande hakkeeji aadee ina naamnii :Tawtoragol beeytingol, guurngol, paayodinngol, naattinoowol

Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ɗii.Politikaaji ɗii, e ɓoɓose ɗee e jahnirɗi ɗii na potnoo addude :Fartaŋŋeeji jeyegol e lelnugol e ɓamtaare ndee kalaKeɓgol e humpito haanngo/newiingoMbaawkaaji wonande goomuuji ceŋginaaɗi/baɗaaɗi bannge ɗii mbele eɗi mbaawa addude miijooji.

Njahnirɗi jaale ɗii na potnoo :Tuugnaade e haqiiqaaji demoarasi ɗiiWaasde fuuytinde juɓɓule demokarasi walla gaadante goodɗe ɗee

Renndo pelle ngoo/sosiyetee siwil oo na fotnoo :Wonde wuurngo/dilloowo, jeyngo hoore maggo/jeytiingo, ngo jogoo kadi baawɗe/mbaawkaaji.Jooɗanaade/daranaade/jogaade konngol gooummuji jaltinaaɗi, ceŋginaaɗi ɗiiJogaade horngo e dow ɓosɓosal ƴettugol taƴne ngal.

Haqiiqa potgol defaade/gaddaade

Haqiiqa potgol defaade ina naamnii :

Dowlaaji ɗii kam e yimɓe woɗɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee, yo ngon defiiɓe/gaddiiɓe [naamnitteeɓe] dewtagol hakkeeji aadee ngol.

Haqiiqa potgol defaade ina naamnii :

Dowlaaji ɗii kam e yimɓe woɗɓe halfinaaɓe ɓee, yo ngon defiiɓe/gaddiiɓe [naamnitteeɓe] dewtagol hakkeeji aadee ngol.

$Ko ko ɗimmitaa


Haqiiqa potgol defaade ina naamnii : Jahnirɗi e lelngooji peeje wullitaango keɓindiiɗi, newiiɗi, jeytiiɗi.Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ɗii.Hurumaaji sariya ɗii na potnoo :Jahdude e sarɗiiji haLelnude cuɓorɗe, lelngooji peeje e jahnirɗi wonande h ngam noottaade e mbaɗɗiiɗi ɗii.Politikaaji laamu ɗii na potnoo :Ƴettude peeje seese seese ngam toppitaade jolɗe teskaaɗe e yuɓɓooji potgol defaade ɗeeSihnude baɗɗiiɗi Dowla ɗii to batte hakkeeji aadee e tolno ne’aande, diiwaan e nokku kala.


Haqiiqa potgol defaade ina naamnii : Jaaynirɗe beeytiiɗe, jeytiiɗe, kam e pelle kaɓanteeɗe hakkeeji aadeedaraniiɗe goomuuji ceŋginaaɗi e jaltinaaɗi.Jeyegol heen wonande yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ɗii.Renndo pelle wuurngo na fotnoo :Rewindaade mbele Dowla oo na rewtii baɗɗiiɗi mum to batte haJokkondira lelngooji peeje renndo ngoo, kadi waggina baylagol renndo naftoowol.Tottirde humpitooji kam e jeddi-ciimti wonande jahnirɗi hakkeeji aadee h-l ɗii.

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Jokkere 2.Yuɓɓooji hakkeeji aadee h-l, diiwaniiji e ngenndiiji

Hol hakkeeji aadee pirti ?

Gaarantiiji sariya, ɗaminaaji renndo e nehdiiji windereyankeeji ;to batte ɓiyleydaagal, politik, ngalu-e-faggudu, renndo e pinal ;Reentude/ɗuwde ngaluuji/ɓure neɗɗanke (weeytaare, potal, ndimaagu) ;tagdaaɗi e yimɓe kam e, heen sahaaji, goomuuji ; nji’eteteeɗi e nder sarɗiiji h-l ;aadinde/naatnude Dowlaaji ɗii, ko adii kala, tawa ko e dow laawol.

Iwdi NU

Yuɓɓooji hakkeeji aadee diiwaniiji

Kuutorɗe Jahnirɗi

Sarɗi Afrik mbo Komisoŋ Afrik mbo Aadee e Leƴƴi hakkeeji aadee e leƴƴi Ñaawirde Afrik nde hakkeeji aadee e leƴƴi Ñaawirde Sariya CEDEAO

Iwdi NU

Yuɓɓooji deentugol hakkeeji aadee ngenndiiji

Hurumaaji doosgal ngonka e sariyaJaale jumtuɗe (Galle sarɗiiji, Goornamaa, Njuɓɓudi sariya, ngardiigu laamu, jaale ha)Politikaaji, lelngooji peeje e ɓosɓose baɗtorɗe pindingol kakkillajiRenndo pelle wuurngo e jaaynirɗe jeytiiɗe.

Iwdi NU

Jokkondire hakkunde yuɓɓooji deentugol ngenndiiji, diiwaniiji e h-l.

Deentugol h-l e ngenndi Sarɗiiji h-l e diiwaniijiko ko timmondiri ina naamnii tabitinal H-l ngenndiwal

Deente h-l e diiwaniije Diiwaanso safaruuji ngenndi ngasii

NgenndiSarɗiiji ngenndi ɗii na potiYahdude/hiɓɓondirde e sarɗiijih-l e diiwaniiji ɗii.Iwdi NU

64

FANNUURE 3ƁIYLEYDAAGAL E RENNDANKAAGU

« Hade maa fawde yimɓe doŋngal alaa e sago peewaa »24

24 Source : Civisme et ci toyenneté. Le si te du CIQ de l ’Etang de l ’Ol ivier. [En l igne]. Pageconsul tée le 15/ 06/ 2012. http://ciq.etangolivier.istres.overblog.fr/pages/Civisme_et _ci toyennete-212670.html [cc…]

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ƁIYLEYDAAGAL E RENNDANKAAGU

1.Ɓiyleydaagal

2. Renndankaagu

NaatirdeNeɗɗo kala ekkitto haa wona waali-wuroojo.Hay gooto jibindintaake e mum.Waali-wuroyaagal ko ɗum ekko juutngo,sippiro juutngo ngo gasataa,hare duumiinde ,nde sahaa kala.Renndo yiɗngo wuurde ko ɓooyi (neeɓi),alaa e sago yowitoo e ɗee doosɗe nguurndam ɗe diwotaako : ganndal,waawde waɗde,ngonka,waawde dillude e moƴƴere waali-wurooɓe mum rewɓe e worɓe.Faandare nehdi neɗɗaagal e ndee lowre ko waɗde feere haa waali-wurooɓe rewɓe e worɓe haralleɓe paamɓe haa kuuɓtidini tiiɗndi e fiɓnde potal (demokarasii),tawtoree e golle politik,ngalu,renndo e pinal.

Leyɗeele keewɗe e nder fedde ngootaagu faggudu nde leyɗeele afirik hirnaage ina ndañi caɗeele nonondiral (hareeji).Ɓeydii(fawii)heen caɗeele potal (demokarasii) jibinooje hareeji so suɓngo ɓennii (gasii),kadi waasde tawtoreede e suɓngo ngoo no haaniri nii.Ɗuum fof ina haɗa ɓamtaare faggudu, renndo kam e waawde dañde jam duumiiɗo e nder majje.

Ko kaalɗen dow ɗoo koo fof,waɗi haa ngal gollal keblugol paatungal e neɗɗaagal e waali-wuroyaagal dañi faayida guurɗo.Faandaare men jooni noon, ko yo en nguurdu,nguurden e woɗɓe e nder ɗooftagol gaadoraaɗi e aadaaji men nder leydi e ɗi leyɗeele goɗɗe/caggal leydi,kono kadi ɗoofto-ɗen sarɗiiji kuule ngootaaɗe e dow potal.

Baawɗe gollal ngal :

Waɗtorde tiiɗndiiji e gannde jowitiiɗe e neɗɗaagal e waali wuroyaagal e nder ngonkaaji guurndam dental

Jaɓɓe keblugol ngol

1.Ɓiyleydaagal

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2. Renndankaagal

Fannuure 1 : Ɓiyleydaagal /Waali-wuroyaagal


Waɗtorde tiiɗndiiji (tolnooji,njaruuji) e miijaaɗe moƴƴe jowitiiɗe e waali wuroyaagal e nder ngonkaaji guurndam dental

Paandale jangingol ngol/ekkagol ngol :

1-Janngude haa faama tiiɗndiiji (tolnooji, njaruuji) e miijaaɗe moƴƴe jowitiiɗe e waali wuro-yaagal

2-Ɗigginde (horsinde) doosɗe waali-wuroyaagal

3-Ɗowde golle janngingiyaŋkaagal jowitiiɗe e waali-wuroyaagal

4-Jogaade nehdi waali-wuroojo,kellifaaɗo

Geɗe janngeteeɗe :

1-Anndinooje miijaande waali-wuroyaagal

Miijaande waali-wuroyaagal: ngonka waali-wuroojo.

Waali-wuroojo firti « Ko kala neɗɗo dañɗo e nder leydi mum, jojjanɗe hakkunde yimɓe e jojjanɗe politik haa boom e jojjanɗe suɓngo/woote. »2

Waali-wuroyaagal ko ngonka waali-wuroojo walla dañgol jojjanɗe hakkunde yimɓe e jojjanɗe politik haa boom e jojjanɗe suɓngo/woote.Ko ɗuum addanta neɗɗo wiyeede, oo ɗoo dey, ko e renndo jeyaa,walla ko e teeru jamaanu law/ɓooyɗo/adan walla e nder dowla jamaanu hannde etee tawa omo tawtoree e nguurnam renndo e ɗam politik.

Waali-wuryaagal ko kañum rokkata denndaagal jojjanɗe politik tawa ina feewna baɗɗiiɗe, ballooɗe joommum tawtoreede e nguurndam neɗɗaagal renndo walla ngootaagu politik.

Ɓiyleydi / Waali-wuroojo : ko neɗɗo jojjanɗe,dañɗo jojjanɗe hakkunde yimɓe e politik tawa ina dañani (roondanii) dowla mum baɗɗiiɗe.

Hannde noon,(e oo jamaanu men hannde) waali-wuroojo firti ko kala neɗɗo gonɗo e huufngo e kaliifaagu dowla mo o jeyaa e mum.O huutorto jojjanɗe makko hakkunde yimɓe eɗe makko politik ko kaŋko jeyi ɗe.Kono alaa e sago o waɗa golle dowla baɗɗiiɗe/ pawiiɗe mo (yeru :yoɓde lempoo, ɗooftaade kuule, waɗde sarwiis dadiiɓe/kooninkooɓe e wootde…).

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Gongol waali-wuroojo fawii ko e dañde jignaaɓe njibinaaɓe e nder leydi mum walla ñaagaade laamu wonde ɓiy leydi e dow laawol.Etee ñaagotooɗo oo kadi alaa e sago wona kellifaaɗo (daña so famɗii 18 hitaande).

Waali-wuroyaagal tuugniingal e miijaande daɗɗiinde e jojjanɗe Aadee

miijaande daɗɗiinde e jojjanɗe Aadee yuɓɓini waali-wuroyaagal ko e peeje peewnugol (lelnugol) politikji ngenndi.Tuugnaade e ngoo miijaande, anndinoore waali-wuro-yaagal fawii ko e baawɗe e fiɓngo anniya waali-wuroojo tawtoreede mum e tolnooji ɗii fof,gila e miijo,baɓgol e ɓetgol politikji ngenndi.3

-E nder ngol keblugol,ɗowgol jeewte paatuɗe e ɗii miijooji cuɓtaaɗi ɗee toɓɓe sifotooɗe miijaande waali-wuroyaagal les nafoyat etee haanoyat.

Ndimaagu politik/ndimaagu dowla walla ngenndi Anndinoore jojjanɗe e kalifaagal fofof’en e moni kala Juɓɓondirgol renndo kam e denndugol waali-wurooɓe Ɗooftagol jojjanɗe woɗɓe Tawtoregol e tolnooji potiyanke/ponndoowo e jooɗanagol dowla Jam e nanondiral renndo Gongol waali-wuroojo Dowla roondiiɗo fof Ɗooftagol pine ceertuɗe Ɗooftagol e baɗgol yamiroore kuulal/kuugal Yeewtere hakkunde waali-wurooɓe

- Caɗeele ɗee e paliiɗe ɗee ko : Baasgol ñiiɓde doosɗe/terɗe potal (demokarasii) Baasgol yimɓe hoolaade laamu ngenndi Telɓere ɗowgol laamu Paamgol renndo bongol « miijaande »waali-wuroyaagal Ustagol doole jokkondiral e nder ballondiral/paabondirall ngenndi Calagol yimɓe faamde wonde politikji ina ceerta walla ina

naatondira/jillondira Baasgol anndude pinal waali-wuroyaagal Ŋakkugol nehdi paatundi e potal waali-wuroyaagal Baasgol nehdi walla yejjitde miijaande waali-wuroyaagal Baasgol ɗooftaade terɗe laamu ina ɓurta tan Ŋakkere nokkuuji jeewte ngenndi Ŋakkere miijo renndo ƴellitoongo/ɓamtoongo ngenndi Ŋakkere waali-wuroyaagal tiiɗniingal/wakkiliingal (baawngal

tawtoreede,hollira miijooji maggal,ñaawa,fellita)

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2-Waali-wuroyaagal e ɓamtaare/ƴellitaare ngenndi

So en njiɗii faamde tigi-rigi miijaande waali-wuroojo e waali wuroyaagal ngenndi,alaa e sago ɓeyden heen no haanirta nii, geɗe timmitinooje miijo anndinoore miijaande waali-wuroojo arwano ngoo. Koɗum addi ndee anndinoore waali-wuroojo hesere .

Waali-wuroojo ko neɗɗo roondiiɗo/jogiiɗo geɗal e ndimaagu politik ɗuum firti ko o tawtorteeɗo e lelnooɓe kuulal,kollirooɓe boli gollal politik e renndo ngal dowla. Renndo yimɓe kala ina foti ɓamtaade,yahra yeeso haa alɗa ngam dañde nguurndam moƴƴam e weytaare/weltaare.Ɗuum naamnii ko coftal e fiɓnde yimɓe leñol ngol timmuɗe.

Waali-wuroyaagal ponndoowal ko jojjannde e fotde kala waali-wuroojo tawtoreede e jeewte ngenndi haa jeyee e andinooɓe ko fof jeyi. Waali-wuroojo tigi-rigi ko yuurnittooɗo laamuuji dowla ɗii fof (laamu njuɓɓudi,laamu sarɗiiji,laamu ñaawoore) adda heen miijooji mum. Waali-wuroojo ɗooftoto kuulal sabu ngal iwi ko e suɓngo depitee en.

E nder waali-wuroyaagal tiiɗngal,waali-wurooɓe ina poti waɗde golleeji e kala tolno e tolnooji renndo : tolno teeru e dowri,tolno diiwaan,tolno ngenndi e tolno aduna etee tawa eɓe mbaawi rokkude miijooji maɓɓe e kala ko faati e golleeji renndo e ɗi politik, kaanɗi.

Kono noon,kala waali-wuroojo ina foti anndude so naamniima jojjannde mum,ɗuum ina yahdi e waɗɗiinde mum (ko laawol wuro).

Kala ko waani wonde jojjannde waali-wuroojo,ɗum ne (kadi) ko jojjannde banndum e jojjannde moni kala. Ina waɗɗii e oon bannge, kala waali-wuroojo,difi jojjanɗe aadee e anndude jojjanɗe woɗɓe.

Waali-wuroyaagal ngalu

Firo mum ko darnde kala waali-wuroojo gorko walla debbo e nder ƴellitaare ngalu ngenndi.Beeɓnugol jaŋde waali-wuroyaagal ngalu yahdunde e baɗɗiiɗi neɗɗaagal ina won

69

di e faayida. Ko ɗuum addata jojjanɗe Aadee.

Alaa e sago kirjinen yimɓe ɓee haa ɓe paama nafoore joɓgol lempoo e pawe goɗɗe bayɗe noon. «Ngal neɗɗaagal lempoo » naamnoto waali-wurooɓe ɓee yo ɓe yoɓ lempoo e pawe bayɗe noon ngam dowla oo waawa dañde ngalu ngu jeyani hoore mum haa waawa yoɓde liggantooɓe mum e jolnugol (waɗde golleeji ngenndi mawɗi).

3. Caɗeele mahgol ngenndi e mahgol Leyɗeele Afirik Hirnaange Ndennduɗe Ngaluuji (LAHNN) : darnde waali-wuroojo e nder kisnugol ceerndal nder leydi e naatondiral leyɗeele

Baawgol wuurdude e bande’en tawa eɗen mbattani hakkille e ko seerndi en, etee tawa eɗen kolliri kadi giɗgol men wuurdude,koɗum moƴƴere waali-wuroyaagal, mawnde. Ndee moƴƴere naatni ko paamgol miijaande Dowla ender faandaare renndoyankaagal.

So’en ngarii e mahngo ngenndi Afirik hirnaange teeŋti noon e nder Renndo Faggudu Leyɗeele Afirik Hirnaange ( R F L A H-See Dee Aa OO),tuugnoto-ɗen tan ko e Dowla mo ndon-ɗen e njmaandi tuubaakooɓe.

Keeri ndonaaɗi e jamaanu njiimaandi,ceerndii tuugnaade e yeruuji keewɗi,sete « leñol gootol», sete«yimɓe jeyduɓe », sete«ɓesngu ngootu » hakkunde Dowlaaji keewɗi…,so en ƴeewii keeri Dowlaaji men hannde ɗii.

« Dowlaaji » Afirik hannde ɗii,ɗi njiimaandi tuubaakooɓe sosiri no weliri ɗumen, ngittaaka e neesu Afirik ɓooyɗo etee njahdaa e njeeyguuji ngoowaaɗi walla sifaa nguurndam Afirik.Ko ɗuum waɗi, mahgol ngenndiyankaagu, tugnaade e doosɗe kese, e nder Renndo Faggudu Leyɗeele Afirik Hirnaange(See Dee Aa OO) saɗi,so ko e nder Dowlaaji ndennduɗi walla e nder leyɗeele.

Ko ɗum waɗi, alaa e sago peeje ɗowgol kese ina poti wattande hakkille moƴƴa e ceertugol leƴƴi kam e gollondire duumiiɗe goodɗe,ɗe nguurndam politik e faggudu renndini,e nder ko ɓuri heewde e leyɗeele Afirik,teeŋti noon e nder Renndo Faggudu Leyɗeele Afirik Hirnaange (See Dee Aa OO).

Alaa e sago ngitten/nduñen ceerndooji e luurndooji hakkunde sifaa miijooji e ngonka pine mbele eɗi tolnondira.

Baɗgol feere haa pine keeriiɗe ƴellitoo kam e tiiɗnugol « ngootaagu ngenndi »ngam haɗde pusgol Dowlaaji, ko ɗum saɗeende e saɗteende leyɗeele ndañi hannde. « kisnugol geɗe ceertuɗe e jillondiral politik, alaa e sago ɗooftoo sarɗiiji potal,ɗi ñaawoore kam e ɗi alɗugol tawa ina feccaa hakkunde tolnooji renndo Dowla ɗii fof». Ngol kisnugol kadi ina naamnii yimɓe ɓee fof «yo ɓe ƴellito haa ɓe mbaawa woppude ngayngu kala neɗɗo,no tolno makko e renndo walla e politik walla e jeyeede mo e leñol walla miijooji/jiyle makko e politik, mbaawi wayde fof»

Politik mo faandaare mum huulani beeɓnugol ngostondire hakkunde geɗe ceertuɗe ina waawi ɓeydande dente ngenndi ƴellitaare pinal, ɗo e ɗum seerndude /pusde ɗe.

Kisnugol ceerndal ɓaarii ko e yeewtere naatnoore hakkunde dillooɓe worɓe e rewɓe e politik e nder ɗooftondirgol maɓɓe kam e nafoore ɓurnde ƴellitaade e Dowla maheteeɗo oo.

Goppugol hooram-hooramji ɗii, jiilogol/ɗaɓitgol e kisnugol nafoore fof’en, ngoni doosngal piingol e jaɓgol waali-wuroyaagal roondiingal faayida.

Keblooɓe worɓe e rewɓe ina mbaawi hollitde saɗeende giɗgol ngenndi mum e ko ɗum addata, ɓe njeewtida e janngooɓe hoore e binnde/hoore e laaci. Eɓe mbaawi ɗowde ɓe haa ɓe njiiloyoo gannde paatuɗe e mum,winnda heen defte e ko nanndi heen,ɓe kolla renndo : yeru yuurnitaade hareeji e nder leyɗeele hirnaange Afirik.

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LELNGO FANNUURE NDEE / JAƁƁAL NGALGollal 3 : waali-wuroyaagal e neɗɗaagal

Fannuure 1 : waali-wuroyaagal


Waɗtorde tiiɗndiiji (tolnooji, njaruuji) e miijaaɗɗe moƴƴe jowitiiɗe e waali wuroyaagal e nder ngonkaaji guurndam dental

Paandale janngingol/ekkogol :

1-Janngude haa faama tiiɗndiiji (tolnooji,njaruuji) e miijaaɗe moƴƴe jowitiiɗe e waali wuro-yaagal

2-Ɗigginde (horsinde) doosɗe waali-wuroyaagal

3-Ɗowde golle janngingiyaŋkaagal jowitiiɗe e waali-wuroyaagal

4-Jogaade nehdi waali-wuroojo,kellifaaɗo

Dumunna toɗɗaaɗo : 16 sahaa

Kaɓorɗe/kuutorɗe jannginirɗe/juurnitagol defte :

- Porogaramuuji/tuugnorɗe e defte janngirɗe winndannde arwanere

- Deftere tuugnorde nde See Dee Aa Oo

- Filmuuji

- Nate

- Defte e ɗereeji keewɗi

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Haatumere lelngo

Deggondire

Baawɗe/ñeeñe ɓamtugol/ƴellitgol

Geɗe janngeteeɗe ndenndinaaɗe

Peeje

Jiilogol kuutorɗe jannginirɗe (mbindaaɗe e ɗe « oordinateer »)

Yuurnito yeruuji :

-yuurnito ngonka leyɗeele

-moni kala e golle mum

-jeewte

Sahaa

1 Anndude doosɗe waali-wuroyaagal

Firooji,njaruuji e miijooji jowitiiɗi e waali-wuroyaagal

W 3

Faamde geɗe jowitiiɗe e waali-wuroyaagal

Piɓe e golle waali-wuroyaagal W 3

2 Hollitde golle ngam ɓamtude/ƴellitde waali-wuroyaagal

-ngonka roondiika faayida

-gooto fof fiɓana hoore mum anniye tawtoreede e pelle waali-wuroyaagal

-kam e golle tammbitagol renndo ngoo ekn…

W 4

3 Waɗtorde miijaande waali-wuroyaagal e nder golle jannginirɗe

Yuurnito kaɓirɗe/kuutorɗe jannginirɗe e ɗe njanngiyankaagal tolnooji ɗii fof

-peewnugol ɗereeji jannginirɗi

-ɗowgol daawe janngingol/ekkogol

W 6

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Yeru ɗerewol jannginirgolGollal 3 : waali-wuroyaagal e neɗɗaagal

Jaɓɓal 1 : waali-wuroyaagal

Baawngal jaɓɓal ngal :

Waɗtorde njaruuji/tiiɗndiiji e miijaaɗe jowitiiɗi e waali-wuroyaagal e nder ngokaaji nguurndam ndenndaaɗam

Faandaare janngingol/ekkogol : Jogaade/dañde ngonka waali-wuroojo roondiiɗo/jogiiɗo faayida

Tiitoonde winndande ndee/ngonka ekkogol : Doosɗe e golle waali-wuroyaagal

Baawɗe potɗe ƴelliteede/ɓamteede

BAAWƊE

Hakkille (ganndal) Ngonka (nehdi) Karallaagal (baawgol)

-heɓtinde doosɗe waali-wuroyaagal

-dañde/jogaade nehdi waali-wuroojo gorko walla

-faamnude faayida tawtoregol waali-

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-Anditde golle waali-wuroyaagal

-anndinde baawɗe hooreejo teeru e baawɗe nokku teeru e dowri.

debbo kellifaaɗo

-tawtoreede e nguurndam nokku wuro,tufunnde/teeru e ɗam dowla.

wuroyaagal nokku e ngal dowla

-waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde mahgol dowla e tawtoregol waali-wuroyaagal.

Dumunna : w 2

Kaɓirɗe/kuutorɗe jannginirɗe/ kuutorɗe jannginirɗe

-Porogaramuuji/tuugnorɗe e defte janngirɗe winndannde ndee

-Deftere tuugnorde nde See Dee Aa Oo

-Filmuuji,Nate e kuutorɗe jannginirɗe goɗɗe ɗe nan-yiyaa

-Defte e binndanɗe keewɗe, kumpitooje ko faati e neɗɗaagal e waali-wuroyaagal

-Lowe jowitiiɗe e neɗɗagal, waali-wuroyaagal kam e janngingol mumen.

-Ɗowgol dumunna janngingol ngol/ekkogol ngol.

Ɗowgol dumunna janngingol ngol/ekkogol ngol

Daawe Golle Peeje

Ƴeewtagol/caatagol

Ganndal tawangal/mbaawka tawaaka

Kebloowo gorko e debbo Janngooɓe worɓe e rewɓe -Naamne e cuɓogol mum heewi

-gollal gooto kala

-jeewtirgol no weliraa

Paamgol janngooɓe ɓee geɗe tawtoregol e waali-wuroyaagal e finande ɗum

-jaaboo naamne ɗee

-ciftina,jeewte geɗe jowitiiɗe e tawtoregol waali-wuroyaagal

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Yeru

Hollir yeru ɗo waali-wuroojo gorko walla debbo ,wondaaka e nguurndam komiin oo.

Yeru : sehilaaɓe ɗiɗo nde mbiirtotoo yeeso laamordu teeru nduu, njiyii bongol tali oo e joowre kurjuru.

-gooto e sehilaaɓe ɓee wiyi :

-miin dey mi anndaa holto meeri oo waɗta kaalis mooɓeteeɗo cay-cay (tusuur), ñalnde kala.

-keddiiɗo oo jaabii mbo wiyi : banndam,miin ne mi wootii bidse oo,ko heddii mi wondaaka.

Jannginoowo oo naamnoto kebleteeɓe ɓee yo ɓe cafru oo ñawu.

Alaa e sago ɓe njuurnitoo doosɗe e golle waali-wuroyaagal, geɗe ndariiɗe ngam safrude caɗeele gadano oo,faamna ɗimmo oo yo o tawtore e nguurndam komiin oo.

-Sete janngooɓe worɓe e rewɓe,njiiiloo (ɗaɓɓita) e nder defte ɓe ndokkaa e nder ettagol moni kala,daliiluuji e humpitooji ngam safrude ñawu nguu.

-jiilogol defte(binndaaɗe e ɗe oordinateer)

-golle sete

Ɗowgol golleeji seteeji hakkunde majji/kollirgol golleeji ɗii

Wiya janngooɓe worɓe e rewɓe yo ɓe kollir golleeji sete kala

-kollira peeje tuugnaade e ko dañaa e wiɗto e etagol moni

kala

-dental kollirgol golle e jeewte

-cafrugol saɗeende

Ɓeydaari miijaaɗe/tiiɗnagol

Tonngol/daɓɓitingol

-Hollira eɓɓo feññinoongo pecce e ngaluuji komiin oo kam e baawɗe teeru e dowri.

-Waɗna tonngol ko heɓaa koo,tawa ina waɗa ɓeydaari miijaaɗe kaanɗe.

-tuugnaade e yeewtere sete kam e yeewtere dallinaande sete duɗal ngal feewna eɓɓo cafrugol saɗeende ndee

Yeewtere

-yeewtere dallinaande

-ɓulnagol miijooji

-golle sete

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Jaɓɓal 1 : Waali-wuroyaagal

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

Ɓeydaari miijaaɗe/

tiiɗnagol

Tonngol/daɓɓitingol

Waɗna tonngol ko janngaa koo tawa ina adda ɓeydaari miijaaɗe kaanɗe

-holla daliiluuji e humpitooji potɗi rokkeede sehilaaɓe ɗiɗo ɓee

-njuɓɓina tonngol ngol hono ngoo eɓɓo les :

-doosɗe waali-wuroyaagal

-anndingol,kalifaagal e baawngal teeru e dowri komiin oo

-golle waali-wuroyaagal kam wootde ;

-faayida tawtoregol waali-wuroyaagal e nguurndam komiin oo e ɗam Dowla

-golle ndenndaaɗe

-ngostondire

Hakkunde gooto kala

Ɓeto/ƴeewtagol Holla ngonka-saɗeende ngam ɓetde winndande ndee

-pirta wonande moni kala gollal naatnondiral

-ciftina geɗe loowdi kaanɗe,jowitiiɗe e doosɗe e golle waali-wuroyaagal e bannge,kam e tawtoregol waali-wuroyaagal e nguurndam komiin oo e ɗam Dowla e bannge goɗɗo.

Golle neɗɗo kala

Eggingol/ekkitogol

Toɗɗoo ekkinde golleeji e nder duɗal ngal, walla tawtoregol e kisnugol ngal.

Yuɓɓina rewinndo kuutoragol golleeji ngekkaaɗi.

-cuɓoo golleeji ;

-ekkinda golleeji walla cosa pelle ngam rewindaade golleeji laamu duɗal ngal eɗi hooreejo komiin(meer)teeru oo paabotooɗi duɗe ɗee (mahanteeri e almuɓɓe).

-Eɓɓa golleeji ɗii e nder dumunna hitaande jannde.

-suɓngo nulaaɓe ;

-cosgol nokku ngostondirgol miijooji hakkunde yimɓe e laamu

-baɓgol gollal mum :

Binndugol e kollirgol jeewton e magoyon.

Les tiitoonde 2 : RenndankaaguBaawɗe renndankaagu :

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Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe e renndankaagu e nder ngonkaaji nguurndam renndaaɗam.

Paandale janngingol/ekkitaagol

- Dolnude ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe e renndankaagu- Anndude jojjanɗe e baɗɗiiɗe mum renndankaagu- Ɗowde golle jannginirɗe jowtiiɗe e renndankaagu- Jogaade ngonkaaji renndankaagu

Geɗe loowdi

1.Renndankaagu

Anndinooje

- Renndankaagu : « Ngonka juɓɓondirgol e renndo ngenndi e sarɗiiji mum e tawtoreede tawa ina rewondiri e golleeji mum, teeŋti noon e jojjande suɓngo/woote »

- « ɓiyleydi ardina nafooje ngeenndi hade nafooje mum keeriiɗe » 4 - « renndiyankaagal : Ɗooftagol sarɗiiji ɗi yimɓe kuutorta so ɓe nguurdi e

renndo ; nehdi e renndiyankaagal. » 5

Maana renndankaagu e bannge ɓurɗo yaajde, ko yarlikinanaade nafoore yimɓe, « huunde yimɓe ».

Renndankaagu ina naamnii neɗɗo « anndude politik » etee ina nawori kadi ganndugol jojjanɗe mum renndiyankooje kam e baɗɗiiɗe mum to bannge nokku(teeru dowri). Renndankaagu ko ngonka ɓiyleydi ɗooftiiɗo jojjanɗe e baɗɗiiɗe mum.

2. Ɓure jowitiiɗe e renndankaagu

« giɗgol dowla » ɗooftagol huunde yeeɓooɓe/yimɓe ɗooftagol doosɗe laamu/ɗooftagol, teeygol donngal tawtoregol e nguurndam yimɓe/pibilik muñgol ɓamtugol ɓural fof’en kam e jeyi fof’en paabondiral/ballondiral horngo ɓiy-leydi golle pibilik/yimɓe

3. Kelmiije keeriiɗe jowitiiɗe e renndankaagu

Renndankaagu e ɓiyleydaagal ina hatojini e nokku gekkorɗo ; oon noon woni ko dowla e ngenndi. Alaa e sago laaɓtinen maanaa dowla e ngenndi.

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3.1- Dowla : iwi ko e arab.

Renndo politik iwi ko e tonngo, leydi heertoraandi keeri, renndo yimɓe jogiiɓe jikkuuji ɗeɓɗi nanndude pine e ɗi baawngal laamu jiimi. ( e jojjanɗe ngonka dowla, dowla, ko ɗum doosgal jiimngal leydi ngal jojjanɗe yimɓe, neɗɗinoowal dowla fawaade e sarɗi, jeyngal laamu ngenndi e jiimngal laamu hakkunde leyɗeele etee ko kam tan waawi waɗnude no haanirta nii.)

Geɗe Ngardiigu ne’aandeeje ɗee, dental mabaawkaaji laamu, ko jiidaa koo e ɓiyleydi’en ɓee.

Dowla woni neɗɗo jaalal, mbo laawol laamu, mbo nganndu-ɗaa oo omo wonani, to batte laawol e sariya, dental walla jamaa walla ngenndi. Ina sihna mbaawka kaaɗtudi, walla jeyal hoore mum, e dow won ngeereendi keeriindi, kam e faade e Dowlaaji goɗɗi ɗii.

To batte ganndal renndo, ko Dowl woni mbaadi ɓurndi timmande nguurndam renndo aadeeɓe denndaɗam. Dowla sihnira mbaawka mum ko e laamu/goornomaa. Dowla na joganii hoore mum won mbawkaaji keeriiɗi, pawiiɗi e jeyal hoore mum/kaaɗtudi laamu mum, ko wa’i no larme [harbiyankooɓe], waawnere e laawol, ekn.E maanaa jaajtinaaɗo, Dowla toɗɗii ko denndaagal jaale e sarwisaaji kuutorteeɗi ɗii ngam laamagol e gardagol leydi.Dowla ko ko foti reentude ɓiyleydi’en, kadi tottira kala sarwiis/nafoore (jaŋde e pinal, cellal, ndiaym, kuuraa, taariindi ceniindi, ekn.), tawa na rewri ɗum sarwisaaji laamu, kam e mbaadi kisnal kaɓɓiindi, walla caraandi, walla tellitinaandi. Ina waɗɗii Dowla, kisnugol geɗe laamu ɗee e dow laaɓal, kam e fotde hollitde golle mum. Dowla jeyɗo hoore mum, yuɓɓotoo ko e fawaade e heɓde Dossgal ngonka, kam e kuule laawol.Dowla-ngenndi woni miijnoore wi’oore ndee wonde Dowla ko ko kuɓondiri e Ngenndi, fawaade e mbaadi ndenndaandi, tawa ko kañum rokki ɗum jeyal hoore mum ngal.Dowla-Newnoowo teeŋtinta ko darnde makko heeriinde, faade e peccondirgol dañe e ngaluuji, jahnirgol no haanirta nii ngalu-e-faggudu, mballugol ɓurɓe famɗude doole ɓee, kam e tottirgol nafooje denndaaɗe.Dental Dowlaaji na waawi wonde kawtal jiima-ngenndiwal guurdoowal no Dowla gooto nii. Ko hono noon CEDEAO wa’i, sabu ko Dowlaaji terɗe mbaɗi ɗum, fawaade e nanondiral gonanngal ɗum doosgal ngonka, kam e juɓɓule gardiiɗe gonanɗe ɗum jaale.

3.2 – Ngenndi : innde iwnde e pulaar (ɗaɗol « yen- » ɓooyde, hiiɗde, duumaade) Dental yimɓe wuurduɓe e ngeereendi ngootiri, jiiduɓe lasli, daartol, pinal, aaddaaji, e ɗemngal heen sahaaji, ɓe ngoni renndo politik.

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Huunde/tummbeere miijankoore, renndaande nde feccotaako, nde jiidaa e terɗe mahɗe nde ɗee, jogiinde noon jeayal hoore mum.25

Waɗde noon, ngenndi ko ɗum renndo aadeeɓe annduɓe wonde won mbaadi ngotiri mbaɗdundi ɗumen, to batte daartol, pinal, ɗemngal walla diine. To batte wonde mum huunde/tummbeere poilitik ne, ngenndi ko ɗum renndo sifortoongo ngeereendi keeriindi, njuɓɓiniraandi Dowla. Kañum woni neɗɗo jaalal, mahoriiɗo yimɓe wonɓe e les njiimaandi doosgal ngonka gootal. Miijnoore ngenndi, ina soomori kadi yuɓɓo ɓure, heewngo tonngireede e [konngol] paarnorgol, yuɓɓo fawiingo e gaadondiral deƴƴangal hakkunde terɗe ngenndi ɗee.Won e anndiyankeeɓe renndo wiiɓe wonde cuɓorgal ɓurngal teeŋtude ngal ko gootal tan, pawingal e sagooji ngal : ko maa terɗe renndo njogoo pellital wonde ɓe njeydaa ko e ngenndi ngootiri.Wonaa ngenndiiji fof noon ngoni Dowla.

Won e renndooji walla les-renndooji ɗemngal walla leñol eɗi nganndi na njeyaa e won ngenndi, tawa noon, fawaade e sababuuji jowitiiɗe e daartol/taarik, ɓe ngoni ko e njimmaandi leydi Dowla gooto (Yeru : malenkeeɓe, yorubaaɓe, fulɓe.).

3.3- leñol/jama : inɗe iwde e pulaar e arab (jiiduɓe aske, keewal/dental)

« Dental yimɓe wuurduɓe e renndo e dow ngeereendi ngootiri, tawa ina waɗdi ɗymen jokkondire to batte pinal, jaale politik : leñol.jamaa farayse’en. (Leñol, kam e ngeereendi e njuɓɓudi politik, woni gootal e geɗe tati mahooje ɗee Dowla)26.

LELNUGOL LES-FANNUURE NDEE Fannu 3 : Renndankaagu e ɓiyleydaagual

Les-tiitoonde 2 : renndankaagu

Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :

Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje jowitiiɗe e renndankaagal, nder ngonkaaji nguurndam ndenndaɗam.

25 Dictionnaire Français Larousse. [En ligne]. Page consultée le 15/06/2012 http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/nation

26 ? Dictionnaire Français Larousse. [En ligne]. Page consultée le 15/06/2012 http://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/peuple

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Paanadale jenngingol/janngugol : anndude hakkeeji e baɗɗiiji mum renndankaagal Tiitoonde winndannde ndee/ngonka janngugol : casi mahngo ngenndi ngoo : kaaldigak leƴƴi e ngal diineeji ngal


Taƴe Baawɗe/Karalle potɗe ƴelliteede


Peeje Happu

1 Annduɗe daɗɗiiɗe renndankaagal

Miijnooje Dowla, Ngenndi, hakkeeji e baɗɗiiɗi, renndankaagal, jerondiral mbadiiji hakkeeji e baɗɗiiɗi …

Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet) - Wiɗto

ngonkaaji : silo ngonkaaji leyɗeele

W 4

2 Rokkude jookli miijooji ngam jeyeede e ƴellitgol mahngo ngenndi ngoo

- nanngondiral ngenndi ngal- kaaldigal hakkunde leƴƴi e diineeje ngal-ƴellitgol keewceeral pine-ɓamtugol mbanndiigu to batte pinal too.

W 4

3 Naattinde tiitoonde « renndankaagu » ndee e nder golle janngingol ɗee

- -silo kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol tolnooji ɗii kala

- -Baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol naworɗi bannge ngonaagu oo

- ɗowgol sahaaji golle janngingol/janngugol

-ɓetgol sahaaji golle jaŋde tokosere keɓaaɗi ɗii.

W 6

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YERU ƊEREWOL JANNGINGOL

Fannuure 3 : Ɓiyleydaagu e renndankaagal

Les-tiitoonde 2 : renndannkaagal

Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndeeWaɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje jowitiiɗi e renndankaagal, e nder ngonkaaji ngurndam ndenndaɗam.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol : Anndude hakkeeji e baɗɗiiɗi mum renndankaagal

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee / ngonka janngugol : casi mahgol ngenndi ngol : kaaldigal hakkunde leƴƴi e diineeji ngal.


KARALLEHakkille/Gannde/Ganndal

Jikkuuji/waaw-wonde Karalleeje/waaw-waɗde

-Heɓtinde gommujin leƴƴi mawɗi ɗii

-Heɓtinde diine mawɗi ɗii -Hollitde ko woni koo

darnde keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji, e nder mahgol ngenndi.

-Rewtaade keewceeralleƴƴi e diineeji ngal

-Wuurde tippondiral ngenndi ngal

-Tiiɗtinde kaaldigal hakkunde leƴƴi e diineeji ngal

-waɗde jokkondire hakkunde leƴƴi ɗii, e hakkunde diineeji ɗii- faaminde faayiida keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeni ngal-waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde mahgol ngenndi e keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji ngal- dallinde e ko newnata kaaldigal hakkunde leƴƴi e hakkunde diineeji ngal.

Happu : w 2

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji - Fotooje- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe kaalooje e ko faati e diineeji, leƴƴi, mbaadiiji

keewɗi ceerɗi wonande keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji, kam e mahgol ngenndi.

- Tufle web jowitiiɗe e ko faati e diineeji, leƴƴi, mbaadiiji keewɗi ceerɗi wonande keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji, kam e mahgol ngenndi.

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Jahnugol sahaa gollal janngingol/janngugol

TAƳRE GOLLE


Juurnitagol ko foti woodde koo / ko eelaa heɓeede ko

Ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijinooje keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji

-Njaabtoo naamne ɗee - peññina, ngostondira e geɗe paatuɗe e keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji

-Q.C.M-Golle gooto

gooto- Joorngo

miijooji-Gosntindair

al e weeytaare

Baɗgol e ngonka

Rokkira miijo ngonɗo cifotooka ɓesnguuji ɗiɗi, ɗi njidaa leñol njiidaa diine, luhruɗi e peeje mawningol ñalaande diine wootere. Yeru : ñande feeto Noyel, suka Mohamed Kante, mbo nganndu-ɗaa ko o malenke, juulɗo, sehil makko katolik Bete bi’eteeɗo Aleŋ Seri oo noddi ɗum bottaari. Kono baban Mohamed oo salii yo o nootoya nodaango ngoo. Baban Aleŋ Seri oo haali heen, ngam heerande Mohamed, kono baaba oo salii tan ɓoccet. Kebloowo oo adda eleweeɓe-jannginooɓe ɓee e haaldude e kaa ɗoo ngonka, tawa eɓe ndaarta e nder casi mahgol ngenndi ngol, dalillaaji ngam jaɓnude baaboo Mohamed oo wuurde nguurndam keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji ɗam.

Janngooɓe ɓee mbaɗa goomuuji ɗi yimɓe 4 walla 5, ɓe ɗaɓɓita e nder duttorɗe ɗe ɓe tottaa ɗee, kam e nder humpitooji nguurndam maɓɓe, dalillaaji newnooji keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji.

-Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe, e Internet)- golle goomuuji

Kirjingol golle hakkunde goomuuji e juurnitagol

-wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe ngartirir golle maɓɓe ɗee goomu e goomu.

Ndokkira miijooji, fawaade e wiɗtooji baɗaaɗi ɗii, kam e humpitooji mumen ngurndam ɗii.

-Batu dental gartirgol

-piɓtugol piɓe

Ɓeydugol miijnooje/ tiiɗtingol e Tonngol

-Rokka lelngo miijo ngam heɓtinde leƴƴi e diineeji goodɗi ɗii, jotondiral majji e faayiida majji wonande mahgol ngenndi ngol.- - Waɗna tonngol keɓaaɗe ɗee,

ɓeyda heen kadi kala ko o waawi ɓeydude to batte miijnooje jojjuɗe.

Fawaade e gartiral heen goomu, kam e gostondiral dallinangal, goomu-kalaas oo :- Waɗa lelngo

piɓtugol fiɓre ndee/cafrugol saɗeende ndee

Kawridingol, e batu dental, ngam tabitinde humpitooji ɗiiGartiral golle-gostondiral dallinangal

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- Haala dalilaaji newaniiɗi Mohamed ɗii.

- Njuɓɓina tonngol ngol, e ngoo ɗoo lelngo :

- Leƴƴi e diineeji mawɗi ɗii ;

- Toɓɓe joofondiral hakkunde leƴƴi e diineeji toɗɗaaɗi ɗii ;

- Faayiida keewceeral leƴƴi e diineeji e nder mahgol ngenndi.

Joorngo miijoojiGolle goomuuji-Golle denndaae-Gostondiral hakkunde yimɓe.

Beto /bilaa - Rokkira miijo ngonka-saɗeende/ngonka-fiɓre ngam tabintingol winndannde ndee

-njaabtoo naamne ɗee

-mbaɗa tammborgal.

Golle gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

Rokka miijo baɗgol golle, e nder janngirde hee/nokku hee, newnooje tippondiral leƴƴi e diineeji.-yuɓɓina dewindagol cihnal golle peejaaɗe ɗee.

- Cuɓoo golle- cosa golle, ɓe lelna ɗee e nder dumunna hitaande jaŋde ndee fof.

cosgol kolobaaji $ekimenik -fijirde ngonkinagol : binndugol e magingol magowon.

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FANNUURE 4DEMOKARASI E PEEWAL LAAMU

« Demokarasi /laamrenndaagu paaminiiɗo/laaɓtuɗo/tigi rigi oo, wonaa laamu mbaɗngu ƴooƴe mum tan, darni hakkunde yimɓe ɓee potal ngal wonaa goonga ; ko ɗum laamu cuɓagol e weeytaare, ngu nganndu-ɗaa, ngu waɗani ƴellitaare nder renndo keerol tan ko ɗo keeri tiiɗnaare e pellital neɗɗo oo kaaɗi ɗoo.»27

27 Citations françaises. Edouard Herriot … [Copier et coller ici]

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Demokarasi e peewal laamu

1- Demokarasi

2- Peewal laamu

Naatirde

Paljine/pergitte ɓamtaare limlimte/keewɗe teskaaɗe ɗee e diiwaan Afrik mbo Hirnaange oo, ko wa’i gerondiral/gerondirgol, yerga-yergoojo politik, ekn. Fof kolliri ko ŋakkere gaadoral demokarasi e mbaadi laamu. Demokarasi woni « laamu leñol, ngu leñol waɗi, leñol waɗanaa », kono ina haani ƴeewtindeede mbele « leñol » ngol na waawi daraade ndeen darnde, walla ndeen, si ɗuum alaa, hol ko fotata wonde moƴƴe/jikkuuji moƴƴi e nehdi/ngoryaagu/ndimaagu ɓeen ɓe nganndu-ɗaa, e nder demokarasiiji jooɗanagol ɗi yuɓɓooji politik CEDEAO njogii/ciforii ɗii, ko kamen laamii « e dow innde leñol ngol ».

Yanti heen kadi, alaa e sago anndee mbele ɓiyleydi’en ɓurɓe heewde na njogii/tami kuutorɗe hakkille, ndimaagu, kam e baawɗe e golle e baɗle jojjanɗe ɗee jeyegol/tawtoregol jahdungol pinanangol e nder geɗe laamu ɗee, ngam haɓaneede hakkeeji mu’en ɗii, tawa eɓe ndefoo baɗɗiiɗi mu’en ne, eɓe kadi tabitina ƴellitaare demokarasi e peewal laamu. Fannuure yowitiinde e demokarasi e peewal laamu ndee, ko ɗuum ɗoon woni faandaare mayre/mum.

Mbaawka [toɗɗaaka e] fannuure ndee :

Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitaare demokarasi e peewal laamu.

Les-tiitooɗe 1- Demokarasi2- Peewal laamu

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Les-tiitoonde 1 : Demokarasi


Waɗtorde nafooje/ɓure e miijooji ganndal, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitaare demokarasi e peewal laamu.


1- Heɓindaade miijooji ganndal, ɓure e haqiiqaaji jahduɗi e demokarasi ɗii.2- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol gaadoral demokarasi tawa ɓure tawaaɗe

/nokkuuje ɗee, kam e ko kinɗe e goomuuji renndo ɗii ngaddi koo fof na waɗtoraa.

3- Yahnude golle janngingol, jahduɗe e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje darnugol e ɓamtugol gaadoral demokarasi.

4- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji gaadoral demokarasi.

Geɗe loowdi

Ganndinooje helmiire ndee

Konngol demokarasi ngol, iwi ko e kelme ɗemngal gerek demos, « leñol » e kratos, « laamu, mbaawka, ngardiigu … ». Ngol firti, fawaad e ko lolliri koo anndinoore Abraham Lincoln, ko : « laamu leñol, ngu leñol waɗi, leñol waɗanaa».28

Demokarasi na anndiniree kadi hono nii :« laamu ngardaangu e dow jaɓre leñol ngol »« yuɓɓo laamu ngo nganndu-ɗaa ko leñol ngol jogii mbaawka dowrowa kaa »« laamu ngu nganndu-ɗaa, ko denndaangal ɓiyleydi’en ɓee, so ko e ɗoret ɗoret [$ directement], so ko e jooɗanagol suɓaaɓe mu’en, tabitinta horo politik ngoo »« demokarasi ko ɗum yuɓɓo ngo nganndu-ɗaa, yimɓe heeriiɓe na mbaawi waylude ardiiɓe ɓee tawa ko e dow jam, ɗo laamu nguu kadi na hatajini e laamaade sabu ko leñol ngol totti nguu oon ɗoon hakke ».

Leñol faamirtee ɗoo ko denndaangal ɓiyleydiiɓe won leydi ɓe nganndu-ɗaa eɓe kaani wonde laamiiɗe e laamaaɓe kala.29

28 Gaxie, Daniel… [copier et coller ici]29 ACE. … [copier et coller ici]

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Cihnugol demokarasi wonande leñol : demokarasi peewɗo e demokarasi $lilɗo/paltoor/reɗɗo.E adan, e nder Geres kiiɗɗo oo, demokarasi sihnirtenoo ko no feewi ; maanaa, ko ɓiyleydi’en ɓee fof (haa woori rewɓe, sukaaɓe e maccuɓe/jiyaaɓe) kawratnoo to batirde agoraa too ngam ƴettude taƴne ɗee, kamen e ko’e mu’en : ko ɗum demokarasi tawtinal/tawtinoowo , ɓiyleydi’en ɓee na tawtinaa/mbaɗdaa e taƴne ƴetteteeɗe ɗe, gila e peewnugol haa e tabitingol ɗe.

Hannde oo, e nder fayiida denndaangal yuɓɓooji politik ɗii, ko demokarasi lilɗo/dewɗo e neɗɗo tawetee ɗoon ; maanaa, leñol ngol, wonaa kamngol yahnata demokarasi oo e jaati [tawa alaa ko reɗɗii ɗoon], ngol haaɗata tan ko e suɓaade yimɓe jooɗaniiɓe ngol, ɓeen laamu e dow innde maggol.

Ɓure, haqiiqaaji e ɗaɗi demokarasiYuɓɓo politik ngo demokarasi, waɗi ko ɓure, haqiiqaaji, jaale, baɗle e pinal, ekn, ɗe ngandu-ɗaa ko ɗeen ngoni ngooroondi/ɗaɗi mum. Ɗiin ɗoon sifaaji ko ɗi laaɓtuɗi/peeñɗi, e ko ɓuri koo heen heewde : weeytaare, potal, woteeji/suɓngooji beeytiiɗi potondirɗi laaɓtuɗi, ceertugol mbaawkaaji, ekn. Kono ina waɗi kadi maale demokarasi « cuuɗiiɗe », maana kuule ɗe mbinndaaka tawa ko « sarɗiiji fiirde/fijo » potɗi rewteede (ko wa’i no jaɓde poolgu e suɓngo, calagol kala fitina, ekn.).

Ɓure demokarasiDemokarasi na sifoorii ɓure ɗi teeŋtuɗe, weeytaare e potal. Ɗee ɗoo ɓure ina kaalaa e nder eeraali hakkeeji ɗii : hono ngo 1789 walla ngo 1948. Ɓure goɗɗe na ngari kadi ɓeydaade heen, ko wa’i no : muñondiral, rewtaare/horma, gollondiral, keewal partiiji e peejdigal renndo, jaɓgol ceeral [waasde nanndude], nanngondiral, jam, ekn.

Haqiiqaaji demokarasi Wote/suɓngo e suɓngo kuuɓal ko jaggiraa koo maa ɗum rokku gooto

kala, e dow potal, waawde battinde e joopannde taƴne mawɗe ɗee. Laamu hoore mum wonande leñol : mbaawka ko leñol ngol jogii

ɗum, laamu na fawii seedtanaade golle mum leñol ngol. Sarɗi ɓurkeewal kam e hakkeeji ɓurfamɗiyankeeɓe : mbaawka kaa

yahnata ɗum ko ɓurkeewal ngal, kono hakkeeji ɓurfamdiyankeeɓe ɗii na poti reenteede.

Doosgal-ngonkaagal : mbaawkaaji e keeri mbaawkaaji laamu ɗii fof ina kaalaa e Doosgal ngonka leydi ngal ; ko kamngal reenti hakkeeji ɓiyleydi’en ɓee fof. Horngo kuule ɗee, to batte doosgal-ngonkaagal [jahdugol majji e Doosgal ngal], ko ko waɗɗii ngam sihnude rewtaare lelnaaɗe Doosgal ngonka ngal. (doosgal ngonka)

Ceerndugol mbaawkaaji (laawɗinoowa, cihnoowa e ñaawoowa): ngotatɗo oo kuule ɗee (mbaawka laawɗinoowa walla galle sarɗiiji) waawaa wonde cihnoowo ɗe oo (mbaawka cihnoowa walla laamu) ; darnde woɗnde, nde jiidaa e ɗee ɗiɗi kala, na saklaa ngam yuurnitaade mbele kuule ɗee na cihniraa no haanirta nii (mbaawka ñaawoowa ).

Potfotal e baasgo heedi-heeda : taƴne laamu na poti wonde potondirɗe, ɗe ngalaa heedi-heeda.

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Yuɓɓo ñaawgol jeytiingo : yuɓɓo ñaawgol ngoo foti wonde ngo alaa heed-heeda, seertungo e jaale laamu goɗɗe ɗee.

Gostondiral miijoo ɓeeytingal, udditiingal : hakke faade e weeytaare e haala, weeytaare peññingol miijo mum, weeytaare jaaynugol, weeytaare waɗde fedde/feɗaade.

Harɓiyankooɓe/larmeeji rewtaade laamu siwil’en : ofiseeji larme ɗii, nde wonnoo ɓe ngonaa suɓaaɓe/wotanaaɓe, ko ngardiigu siwil’en nguu foti ɗumen halfude.

Keewal partiiji e woteeji beeytiiɗi potondirɗi : woteeji ɗii, tawa ko e partiiji keewɗi, ngona beeytiiɗi, udditiiɗi, dewɗi lawol, laaɓtuɗi.

Jawdi ndenndaandi : ƴellitgol ko wonani fof’en moƴƴere/ngalu/nafoore koo.

Tawtinal/jegegol heen : ɓiyleydi’en ɓee njeyee, e dow weeytaare, e ngurndam renndo ɗam.

Dowla laawol : mbaawkaaji laamu ɗii ngoni ko e les njiimaandi laawol, haa ɗum waɗi alaa e saga ɗi njoganee keeri. Ko ɗuum waɗi, taƴne/pellitte ɗee fof na poti rewtaade Doosgal ngonka ngal, gaadanɗe h-l ɗee kam e kuule e sarɗiiji ɗii.

Lomtondiral e jappeere : ina yiɗaa, e nder yuɓɓo demokarasi, yoo jahnugol golle laamu ɗee waɗire lomtondiral pelle politik ceertuɗe.

Horngo ɓiyleydi’en : ɓiyleydi oo na foti fodaneede hakke ƴeewtanaade hoore mum, walla rewde e jooɗaniiɓe ɗum haa laaɓee « jojjugol baɗal mum e laamu (…) kadi rewindoo kuutoragol maggal » ; renndo ngoo fof kadi fodanee hakke « naamnitaade ciimtol, wonande kala golloowo laamu ngardiigu mum » mbele eɓe mbaawi daraade darnde mu’en ndeenka e tintinal.

Ekn.

Kuutorɗe, jaale e kaɓirɗe demokarasi Demokarasi na waawi siforeede kadi fawaade e kuutorɗe, jaale e kaɓirɗe keewɗe :

- E tolno diiwaan, eɗen mbaawi limtude, e yeru, Ñaawirde Afrik nde hakkeeji aadeeÑaawirde sariya nde CEDEAO, Portokol timminal jowitiiɗo e demokarasi e mbaadi laamu.

- E tolno ngenndi, mbaawka laawɗinoowa (Galle sarɗiiji) jeyaa ko jaale demokarasi jooɗanagol ɓurɗe fayidinde. Ina waɗi kadi jaale laamu goɗɗe, ko wa’i Mejaateer Rippibilik, Batu diisondiral e hakkeeji aadeeKomisoŋ Nasiyonaal hakkeeji aadeeekn., baawɗe ceertuɗe, fawaade e no leydi kala yahri.

- Doosgal ngonka defii hakkeeji ɓiyleydi’en, kadi dottani mbaawkaaji laamiiɓe ɓee keeri.

- Mbaawka sariya/ñaawoowa foti ko jogaade jeytaare seedtotoonde demokarasi celluɗo.

- E tolno nokkere, ina tawee heen ko wa’i no batuuji nokke hono batu renndo dowri /koysey riiraal, batuuji falndeeji/ koysey perfektiir, batuuji meeriiji/koysey kominaal, ɗo suɓaaɓe nokke njooɗotoo.

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- Renndo pelle na jogii darɗe jeddi-laamu, kono na waawi kadi wonde mejaateer [jahoowo goyɗe mslahaa] so luhral waɗii hakkunde banngeeji politik ɗii.

- Jaaynirɗe ɗee poti wonde ko beeytiiɗe ; ko ɓuri teeŋtude e darɗe majje ko humpitde laamaaɓe e laamiiɓe ɓee kala e geɗe politik laamu ɗee.

- Wote eey-alaa/referanndom ko ɗum feere nde nganndu-ɗaa wotooɓe ɓee suɓaade ɗoon e ɗoon e dow toɓɓere politik, doosgal ngonka, walla laawol, heeriinde.

- Bidsee tawtinal : paandale mum ko kisnidal e taƴnidal.

Casi/caɗeele demokarasi e nder diiwaan heeƁamtugol e tiiɗtingol demokarasi e nder dingirl CEDEAO ngal na fuɓɓoo/hawra e caɗeele/paljine mawɗe sanne. Ina jeyaa heen :

- Humambinnaagl : leesɗugol tolno jaŋde mawɓe ndee, e nder yoga e leyɗeele CEDEAO ɗee, ina haɗi ɓiyleydi’en ɓee anndude e ƴamde hakke mu’en, kam e kadi waɗde juude mu’en e laamu hee. Ɗoon noon, alaa e sago, Dowlaaji ɗii ɓeyda kaalis/kooporeeje naatneteeɗo oo e jaŋde e pinal, sabu ko ɗuum woni ko waawata saabaade ƴellitgol gaadoral demokarasi e nder diiwaan hee ;

- Leñamleñaagu e hooram-hooram leƴƴi : ɗoon, ina haani hakkillaaji mbaɗtee e rewtaare pine nokke ɗee, ƴellitgol tippondiral/naatnaattondiral pine, udditaare e woɗɓe, tawa ɗum rewraa ko e janngingol/jaŋde faade e jam kam e daranagol/pewjangol luhre ;

- Nakkere baɗtorgol ɓure tawaaɗe ɗee : ɗeen ɗoon ɓure, reppere ko wi’etee monnjalisasiyoŋ/gootidinal aduna koo na dooki ɗe. Alaa e sago ɗe ndeentee, sabu wonde majje geɗe ndonaagu ;

- Kuudetaaji larme/harɓiyankooɓe : njettugol laamu, wonande larme, e nder demokarasi, ko ko serindii/weñondiri e lelnaaɗe doosgal ngonka leydi. Ko ɗum huunde fotnde ñiŋeede, lorlee, haɓtee no haanirta nii, nde wonnoo ko leñol ngol tan haani ɗowde kala waylowaylo, so ko demokarasi wonaa;

- Kuudetaaji doosgal ngonka, gaddooji waylowaylooji doosgal ngonka ɗi bannge gooto ;

- Baasal kadi ko ko boni e duumaare demokarasi kam e tiiɗtinal mum, sabu baasal haɗat keɓgol e jaŋde, e tawtoreede e nguurndam renndo, kadi ɗum adda gerondiral ;

- Dille/fitinaaji renndo-e-politik keewɗi rewde e woteeji ɗii ne ko ko bonnata deeƴre Dowlaaji ɗii, ɗi ngonani kadi leƴƴi leyɗeele CEDEAO ɗii fof faayre/ngeraagu ;

- Pamaral doole jaale laamu ɗee : nattugol hoolaare wonande jaale laamu ɗee, sabu nde gerondiral, ɗuum ne ko ɗum tonngude mawnde wonande demokarasi. Hoolaare faade e jaale ɗee, ko ko foti artireede, tawa rewraa ko e politik laaɓal e ciimtugol golle ;

- ɓurtingol mbaawka : baasgol rewtade hakkeeji aadeebaylugol (« lorɓitgol ») doosgal ngonka, ɓurtingol laamu …

ƊEREWOL LELNUGOL90

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Demokarasi


Waɗtorde miijooji ganndal e nafooje/ɓure, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitgol demokarasi.

Paandale jaŋde/janngingol1- Heɓindaade miijooji ganndal, ɓure e haqiiqaaji jahduɗi e demokarasi ɗii.2- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol gaadoral demokarasi tawa ɓure tawaaɗe


3- Yahnude golle janngingol, jahduɗe e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje darnugol e ɓamtugol gaadoral demokarasi.

4- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji gaadoral demokarasi.


Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttortɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji, fotooje, jooɗnirɗe e nate- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe/jojjuɗe.


Sahaa gollal/taƴre




1 Anndinde miijooji ganndal ɓure, kam e kelmiije.

Ɓure, haqiiqaaji e ɗaɗi/ngooroondi demokarasi.

-Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet)

- Golle goomu

-joorngo miijoji

-naamnital/anket

W 3

2 Heɓindaade kuutorɗe, jahnirɗi, sarɗiiji e doosɗe jahnugol demokarasi.

Kuutorɗe, jaale e kaɓirɗe demokarasi W 3

3 Heɓtinde/feññinde paljine e caɗeele

Caɗeele/kaɗooje demokarasi e tolno ngenndi e nder diiwaan

W 2

4 Rokkirde miijo baɗle ngam ƴellitgol demokarasi

- Fayiida jaaynirɗe ngam gaadoral demokarasi tabitngal.

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- Dewtagol/rewtaare kuule e sarɗiiji

- Gostondiral e dow keertagol keewal partiiji politik

- Jamɗinal e laaɓal golle woteeji ɗee

- Ekn.

- Gostondiral- Wiɗto

ngonkaaji- Ñemmbinal- Magnugol- Jaŋde

etndorde

Magoyon

W 4

5 Waɗtorde fannu demokarasi e nder golle janngingol ɗee.


- Peewnugol ɗereeji janngingol

- Jahnugol sahaaji golle jaŋde/janngingol ɗii

-Beto keɓe ɗee.

W 6

YERU ƊEREWOLJANNGINIIRGOL

Les-tiitoonde 1 : DemokarasiMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndeeWaɗtorde miijooji ganndal e ɓure, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitgol demokarasi.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee (darsu oo) / ngonka janngugol : ɓosɓosal wote/suɓngo

Paandale jaŋde/janngingolJogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji ƴellitgol gaadoral demokarasi. Karalle potɗe ƴelliteede

KARALLEGannde Golle-e-baɗle/jikkuuji Baawɗe

-Feññinde/heɓtinde daawe ɓosɓosal woteeji ngal

- Yuurnitaade batte baasgol rewtaade sardiiji fijirde demokarasi ɗii

-Jaɓde resiltaaji wote ɗii-Rewtaade sarɗi wote oo-Rewtaade doosɗe laaɓal e

potondiral

- Ƴellitde hakkille waawde ñiŋde e yuurnitaade

- Yuurnitaade/silde ɓosɓosal wote..

Duumaare : w 04


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Sarɗi wote/Kod eletoraal, sarɗi nderndeero, jaaynde lekkol, batakeeji jiilotooɗi e tintinirɗi sarwiis, fotooje e ayaawooji saangaaji wote, kaɓirɗe wote (keeseeje/irnaaji, ɗereeji ciimti wote, moggorgel, binndirɗe, tampe « A VOTE »/O WOTII, dahaa/lankara mbo momtotaako, ammboloŋaaji, karnewal wote, kere/kaadam, alluwal manngal, ekn.


TAƳRE GOLLE



- Wernoo naamne ngam ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijooji ganndal potɗi janngeede ɗii ;


-Q.C.M-Golle gooto

gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

- Hollira jubbannde ruttorde yowitiinde e ngonka caggal wote njiiɓiika ;

- Waɗa naamne seeɗa ngam paamugol ruttorde nde

- Laartindoo ;- Kaala e

ngonka kolliraaka kaa ;

Golle gooto gooto


-fecca janngooɓe ɓee e goomuuji tokoosi ;- wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe cifa ɓosɓosal wote ;-Wi’a yoo dille caggal wote ɗee pacciree (fitinaaji ɗii, sababuuji majji e batte majji) ;-Wi’a yoo miijooji cafrugol ɗiin ɗoon boneeji ndokkire ;Yuɓɓina ciimtol golle ko waɗaa koo ;

- Cifoo ɓosɓosal wote ngal (e goomuuji tokoosi);

- Ko adii wote oo (kebaaji)

- E nder wote hee ;

- Caggal wote oo ;- Njuurnitoo

sababuuji e batte fitinaaji caggal wote ɗii ;

- Ngostondira heen ;

- Ngadda miijooji cafrugol ;

- Ƴetta pellitte ;

-Gollal goomu, kadi e nder kawral manngal (duɗal)

-karallaagal laɓɓitingol ɓure

-magnugol, fijirde baɗkinagol.


-laɓɓitina, timmitina :. Ganndinooje kelmiije-teeŋtuɗe ɗee ;. dawe ɓosɓosal wote 03 ɗee ;. walla janngooɓe e heɓtinde sababuuji e batte fitinaaji caggal woteeji ɗii ; -ɗowa faade e jaltingol pellite moƴƴe ngam woteeji potondirɗi, jamɗuɗi/deeƴɗi ;- waɗna tonngol ngol e mbaadi haatumeere ;- wi’a yoo winnde.

Nganndina :-Kelmiije –

teeŋtuɗe ɗee ;-dawe ɓosɓosal wote 03 ɗee ;-keɓtina sababuuji e batte fitinaaji caggal woteeji ɗii ; -ɓe cilo ɗum ;-teskoo daawe

ɓosɓosal wote teeŋtuɗe ɗee ;

-mbaɗa ciimtol

Gollal dentangal

Feere cafrugol saɗeende

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golle maɓɓe ;Beto ko heɓaa koo/bilaa

Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe :- kollir daawe ɓosɓosal wote ɗee ;- keɓtin caɗeele bawooje arde e heen kala daawal ;-Ngokkir miijooji no ɗeen caɗeele cafrirtee

-mbaɗa yamiroore ndee (fawaade e gostondire miijooji, kam e humpitooji tonngaaɗi e taƴre yawtunde/ɓennunde ndee

Gollal gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

-wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe ngaddu konngi kirjini keewɗi, newnooji :. kampañuuji wote …. woteeji... caggaleeji wotte ɗi ngaldaa e fitina.

- ngadda konngi kirjini newnooji woteeji jamyami/deeƴɗi, potondirɗi, laaɓɗi.

Golle gooto gooto

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Les-tiitoonde 2 : Peewal laamuMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :

Waɗtorde miijooji ganndal e ɓure, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitgol peewal laamu ƴellitgol peewal laamu.


1- Heɓindaade miijooji ganndal, ɓure e haqiiqaaji jahduɗi e peewal laamu ɗii.2- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol gaadoral peewal laamu tawa ɓure tawaaɗe


3- Yahnude golle janngingol, jahduɗe e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje darnugol e ɓamtugol peewal laamu.

4- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji ƴellitgol peewal laamu.

Geɗe loowdiJuurnitagol porobelemaaji ummoriiɗi ɗii e gerondiral ina hollira wonde, e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal, in waɗi caɗeele mawɗe e nder baɗle Dowla laawol ɗee. Ɗeen ɗoon caɗeele kolliri tan ko wonde ina waɗi ŋakkere peewal laamu. Konngol peewal laamu yalti ko e tewori maw-ngalu e ganndal laamu mbo Angalteer. Mbo fuɗɗii sareede ko e kitaale 199’en, ummoraade e Banke Monnjaal, wi’a ko ɗum feere nde alaa goorirgal wonande politikaaji ɓamtaare.

Anndinoore peewal laamuHay so en naatoyaani e anndinoore peewal laamu (walla laamu demokarasi) huuɓtidinnde ne, eɗen mbaawi tuugnaade e jaɓɓal jahnugol golle tan njaggen wonde ko ɗum jotondiral hakkunde laamiiɓe/ardiiɓe e laamaaɓe/ardaaɓe e nder kisnugol geɗe laamu ngol, tawa ina naworaa heen :- Goodal jaale demokarasi,- Jahgol golle/nguurndam ɗeen jaale jahdungol/njahduɗam e miijo e binndol

kuule e sarɗiiji, - Jeyegol heen/tawtoregol ɓiyleydi’en fellitanɓe pinal ɓiyleydaagu ngal

demokarasi, dewtingal kadi doosɗe fijirde demokarasi.« Peewal laamu toɗɗii ko denndaangal peeje, doosɗe/sarɗiiji, juɓɓule taƴnal, ɗe humpito e ndeenka baɗooje ɗee haa cihna jahgol golle moƴƴol kam e horngo haanngo wonande Dowla, jaalal, walla fedde so nde won laamuyankoore walla heeriinde, diiwaniire, ngenndiire walla nde h-l. »

Haqiiqaaji peewal laamu

Haqiiqaaji nayi ngoni ngooroondi/ndaɗɗudi peewal laamu. Ɗeen ngoni :- Defagol/gaddagol : ko ko waɗɗii laamu yoo ɓiyleydi’en fof. Dowlaaji CEDEAO ɗii ina njahdodini lelngooji laabi majji e kuutorɗe hakkeeji aadee h-l, hono Eeraango hakkeeji aadee winndereyankeewo kam e gaandondire h-l

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goɗɗe. Kono noon, ina heddii haa jooni caɗeele jowitiiɗe e gerondiral kam e ŋakkere dewtagol Dowla laawol. Ɗum firti ko caɗeele mbaadi laamu demokarasi, wonaa darnugol jaale demokarasi tan safrata ɗe : maanaa, goodal ɗeen ɗoon jaale tan yonanaani tabitingol peewal laamu.

Ko ardiiɓe ɓee ngaddii/ndefii, e tolno ngenndi yoo nokkere fof, baɗtugol hakkille e tabitinal kuule e sarɗiiji cellungal, kam e sariya mbo alaa heedi-heeda, jeytiiɗo kadi, tawa ko e rewtaare kuule dng ɗee.

Ɓiyleydi’en ɓee na poti anndude wonde ƴamal e duñgol renndo e dow laamu walla dente nokke ɗee, alaa e sago ɗum waɗtoroo wonde ngaluuji laamu ɗii, so ko to yimɓe, juɓɓule walla kopporeeje fof, woon ɗo kaaɗi. Oon ɗoon reponsabilitee /ngool ɗoon defagol, wonaa ko ɓiyleydi’en pini tan ndillini saabii mbo/ngol, wonaa kadi ngonka njibidinaaka : ko ko janngetee, ummoraade e diɗɗal gannde, waaw-waɗde e waaw-wonde.

Ngam ɗuum ɗoon noon, alaa e sago ɓiyleydi’en ɓee na poti heɓde ɓe gaadoroo pinal ɓiyleydaagal. Pinal ɓiyleydaagal ina waawi anndinireede hono nii : « denndaangal gooŋɗine, pellite, ji’anɗe aduna kam e baɗle ɗe nganndu-ɗaa, ɗe mahii ko e nder jahdu jamaanu renndo, haa ɗum wonti cinndondiral geɗe puugiiɗe. » J. Pershoor, Conférence Civitas, Mexico City, septembre, 1999.

Renndo pelle ngoo na foti daraade darnde timmunde. Ongo foti wallitde, e newaare, Dowla laawol oo e wonde guurɗo/dilluɗo, kam e ƴellitgol jaŋde ɓiyleydaagal e jaŋde faande e hakkeeji aadeee jam e demokarasi. Ongo foti kadi wallitde e cargol humpito kam e kaɓagol ɓurtinal mbaawka, e baasgol loreede, e kala tolno, haa teeŋti noon e wonande wirngo/haɓnteeɓe banngeeji ɓurɗi ɗii famɗude doole e nder yimɓe leydi ɓee.

- Laaɓtal : ɗum tuugii ko e weeytaare jahnugol humpito. Yimɓe ɓe huunde wondi ɓee, eɓe mbaawi heɓde, ko aldaa e paltoor, e ɓosɓosal kam e jaale ; kadi humpito waawngo heɓeede ngoo ina yoni ngam faamude e tabitinde rewinndo toɓɓe ngoƴa ɗee. Dowla oo na waɗa junngo mum, so jojji, ngam fotondirde jeeyondiral ngal, fawa joɓgol lempo ngol e laawol sariya, ƴellita neemaare yimɓe ɓee.

- Dowla laawol : hurumaaji sariya ɗii no potnoo wonde potondirɗi, kadi binndaaɗe sariya ɗee cihniree no aldaa e heedi-heeda, haa teeŋti noon e kuule jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji aadee ɗee.

- Tawtingol : worɓe e rewɓe fof na potnoo jogaade daande, so artii e ƴettugol taƴne, so won ko $directement, walla so rewi ko e jaale dewɗe laawol jooɗaniiɗe nafooje mu’en.Tawtinegol potngol noon yaajde noon, tammbii ɗum ko weeytaare peɗagol e kaalgol, kam e baawɗe jojjuɗe/coklaaɗe ɗee ngam jeyeede, e no ɓurata naftirde nii, e ƴettugol taƴne ngol. Yeru, ɓiyleydi’en ɓee njannga yuɓɓoraade e goomuuji duñgol walla ɓeeɓnugol, ngam forsude/waawnude laamu nguu haa yoolta hujjaaji politik laamu goƴɗi ɗumen ɗii, kadi/walla wallita ɓe, so jojjii,

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jooltugol ɗiin hujjaaji/cafrugol ɗeen caɗeele. ɗeen ɗoon golle na mbaawi waɗdeede e PNGL (Pelle ɗe Ngonaa Laamuyankooje) ɗee.

Caɗeele peewal laamu e nder diiwaan heeCEDEAO feewnii jogtii kuutorɗe baɗde fayiida, ngam reentude peewal laamu e nder diiwaan hee :- Portokol A/SP1/12/01 jowitiiɗo oo e demokarasi e peewal laamu, ɓeydiiɗo e

portokol jowitiiɗo oo e jahnirgol paltagol, pewjangol, e cafrugol luhre, kam e ñiiɓnugol jam e kisal ;

- Portokol jowitiiɗo e weeytaare yah-ngartaa yimɓe, e hakke koɗgol e ñiiɓgol [e nokku] mbo 1979 ;

- Portokol lelnuɗo sarɗi ɓiyleydaagu Kominootee, mbo 1982.

Kono, ko ɗee ɗoo lelnaaɗe ngoodi koo fof noon, ina teskaa haa jooni :Duumagol gerondiral : hangal heddii haa jooni e Dowlaaji hee ; gerondiral baɗɗo e baɗanaaɗo oo kala ina feeña e fannuuji ngalu-e-faggudu, e renndo, haa heɓoyi haqiiqaaji rippibilik/ndenndiyankeeji ɗii, kam e ɓosɓosal demokarasi ngal. E yeru :- golleeji nafoore renndo baɗiraaɗe no boni, sabaabu nde antampirisaaji ɗi

ndewtotaako sarɗiiji baɗgol ɗiin ɗoon marseeji, ina ngadda ɓeydagol njaruuji golle ngol nganndu-ɗaa ko yoɓooɓe lempo ɓee pawotoo ngol ;

- jannginoowo laamu mbo nganndu-ɗaa, nde wonnoo omo janngina e piriwee ne, gasnidtaa porogaraam lekkol mum e eleweeɓe ɓee, tee eɓe poti waɗde iksameeji mu’en so hitaande ndee joofii ;

- walla ndeen, caɗtugol nguurndam ngol pawdiiji/fereeji gerondiral waɗi, ɗiin pawdiiji ɓurɗi heewde yantude e dow njaruuji/cogguuji hee ;

- caɗeele tabitinal ɗaldugol mbaawka kam e tellitinal laamu, tawi ina jotondiri ŋakkere laatɓal e peewal laamu ;

- puuytugol hakkilantaagal faade e ko wi’etee jawdi laamu koo, maanaa geɗe ndenndaandi, e pamɗangol ɗum rewtaare.

Geɗe goɗɗe, jowtiiɗe e mbaadi laamu, na kaani yuurniteede. Ɗeen ngoni :- politikaji yaltingol/ɓergol [won yimɓe] ;- ŋakkere laaɓtal ;- baasgol woodde rewindo, kam e leeltugol nder toppitagol won dosiyeeji

doŋre-diiwaan ;- basgol woodde ciimtol golle [ɗe neɗɗo halfinanoo] ;- caɗeele e leɓte ɗo keeri leyɗe ɗoo ;- ekn.

Haɗaani noon, CEDEAO ina heddii e wonde ngootiri e mbaadiiji tippondiral ɓurɗi jagaade wune hannde. Heddii, ko moƴƴitingol tiiɗnaare joofiinde ndee huuɓtitinde peewal laamu, ɓiyleydaagu diiwaneewu e tippondiral leƴƴi.

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ƊEREWOL LELNUGOLFannuure 4 : Demokarasi e PEEeraango winndereAL LAAMU

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Peewal laamu

Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde miijooji ganndal e ɓure, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitgol peewal laamu ƴellitgol peewal laamu.

Paandale jaŋde/janngingol1- Heɓindaade miijooji ganndal, ɓure e haqiiqaaji jahduɗi e peewal laamu ɗii.2- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol gaadoral peewal laamu tawa ɓure tawaaɗe


3- Yahnude golle janngingol, jahduɗe e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje darnugol e ɓamtugol peewal laamu.

4- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji ƴellitgol peewal laamu.


Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttortɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji, - Fotooje, jooɗnirɗe e nate- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe/jojjuɗe.- Internet


Sahaa gollal/taƴre



Peeje Duumaare/ɓooyeeki

1 Anndinde miijooji ganndal ɓure, kam e kelmiije.

Ɓure, haqiiqaaji e ɗaɗi/ngooroondi peewal laamu.

Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet) - Golle

goomu-joorngo miijoji

W 2

2 Heɓindaade kuutorɗe, jahnirɗi, sarɗiiji e doosɗe jahnugol peewal laamu.

-Kuutorɗe, jaale e kaɓirɗe demokarasi

-sifaaji e saangaaji peewal

W 4

98

laamu -naamnital/anket

- Gostondiral

-ruttaade e yimɓe tuugnorɓe kam e pelle

-Wiɗto ngonkaajiÑemmbingolMagingolWinndannde kollirgolWinndannde etndorde

3 Heɓtinde/feññinde paljine e caɗeele

Caɗeele/kaɗooje demokarasi e tolno ngenndi e nder diiwaan

W 2

4 Rokkirde miijo baɗle ngam ƴellitgol peewal laamu

- Anndinoore kelmiije ɗee- Sifaaji baɗle peewal laamu- Ekn.

W 4

5 Waɗtorde toɓɓere peewal laamu e nder golle janngingol ɗee.


- Peewnugol ɗereeji janngingol- Jahnugol sahaaji golle

jaŋde/janngingol ɗii- Beto keɓe ɗee.

W 6

YERU ƊEREWOLJANNGINIRGOLTiitoonde : Demokarasi e peewal laamu

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Peewal laamu

Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndeeWaɗtorde miijooji ganndal e ɓure, peeje golle e baɗle jumtuɗe, ngam ƴellitgol peewal laamu ƴellitgol peewal laamu.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee (darsu oo) / ngonka janngugol : Haqiiqaaji, ɗaɗi/ngooroondi e caɗeele/casi peewal laamu.

Paandale jaŋde/janngingolHeɓindaade miijooji ganndal, ɓure e haqiiqaaji peewal laamu. Karalle potɗe ƴelliteede

KARALLEHakkille Golle-e-baɗle/jikkuuji Karallaagal

-Anndude haqiiqaaji e ɗaɗi- Heɓtinde caɗeele peewal

laamu ɗee-Yuurnitaade ngonka

mbaadi laamu ngoota

-Hollirde baasgol heedi-heeda

-Jogaade hakkille baawgol yuurnitaade

-Hollirde fayiida e golle-Rewtaade haqiiqaaji

potondiral

- Safrude saɗeende bongol laamu.

- Feewnude yuɓɓo ngonka /$organigaraam rewtiingo haqiiqaaji peewal laamu.

- Rokkirde miijooji safaara caɗeele keɓtinaaɗe ɗee.

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Doggol yimɓe kabine ministeer jaŋde ngenndi/edikasiyoŋ nasiyonaal

Yettoode e Innde

Golle Sifaa ngonaagu

Ekwe Abiola Dirikteer de KabineKoolaaɗo Kuuɓal

Neleteeɗo/sarsee de misiyoŋ

DAF (koroowo kaalis)

Seef de kabinesofeer

Seef sarwiis kuriyeeSekkerteer keeriiɗo

Dipolom ENA GGG

D

DG

G

D

Ekwe Nestor Espekteer emmpoKoffi Grégoire DESS e fannu GRH

Ekwe Alimatou Jannginoowo istuwaar/taarik e ganndal leydi

Ekwe Kossiwa Gardiiɗo Janngirdu EntaaɓeKamara Toffa Jom permi kategori B

Dieng Henri Etijaa baɗatɗo tees

Wala Henriette Yooɗniyanke jom dipolom


TAƳRE GOLLE PEEJE Kebloowo oo janngooɓe ɓee


- Wernoo naamne ngam ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijooji ganndal potɗi janngeede ɗii ;


-Q.C.M-Golle gooto

gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

- Rokka janngooɓe ɓee yeru kaa ɗoo ngonka :

« jonte 2 caggal batu konsey ministe’en, e dow ƴamal Hooreejo Dowla, ministe jaŋde ngenndi M. Ekwe Hassan Isholah feññini doggol yimɓe kabine mum (ƴ. haatumeere ruttorde ndee).Caggal nde doggol ngol holliraa, ministe oo winndaa ɗerewol laaɓtindal, ummingol pirimatiir/to mawɗo jaagorɗe » ;- Jaaɓoo walla jaabna naamne

paamugol ɗe ɓee too e ɓee too naamnotoo ɗee.

-Nji’a, laartindoo doggol ngol;

-Mberlo seeɗa naamne paamugol

Goomu mawɗo (kawral fof’en) Goomu

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-fecca janngooɓe ɓee e goomuuji yimɓe 5 walla 6 ;- anndina jamirooje golle ɗee : .yuurnitaade doggol ngol,tawa na waɗti hakkille e jahdugol sifaa/golle kam e potondiral nder peccugol darɗe ngol ;. dallinde mette Mawɗo jaagorɗe oo ;. Eɓɓa peeje cafrugol ;

- Njuurnitoo doggol ngol e goomuuji ;

- Keɓtina caɗeele ɗee ;

- Eɓɓa peeje cafrugol.

Golle denndaaɗe (kawral fof’en, goomuuji caggal ɗuum)


- yuɓɓina ciimtol golle goomuuji- timmitina hupitooji ɗi janngooɓe ngaddi ɗii« sorna » heen seeɗa seeɗa ngonkaaji bongol laamu jowitiiɗi e :. mbaadi laamu renndo ;. mbaadi laamu ngalu-e-faggudu ;. mbaadi laamu politik ;. jeyegol ɓiyleydi’en e kisnugol « geɗal ndenndaaɗiwal ngal » ;-Waɗna tonngol keɓe kese

jowitiiɗe ɗee e :. anndinoore peewal laamu ;. caɗeele peewal laamu ;

- ngadda njeñcudi golle goomuuji jowitiiɗe ɗee e :

. bongol laamu (keerangol ɓesngu, baasgol rewtaade ngonaagu, baasgol naftinde ngaluuji aadeeji …) ;. batte baawɗe ummoraade e ngool bongol laamu ;- kaala ko ɓe

ngonnoo waɗde, so ɓe ngoniino ministe oo ;

- jaaboo naamne jowitiiɗe e sifaaji bongol laamu goɗɗi ;

- njeyee e peewnugol tonngol keɓe ñalaande ɗee ;

Golle denndaaɗe (goomuuji mawɗi, caggal ɗuum tokoosi)

Beto ko heɓaa koo/bilaa

- wi’a yoo miijo rokkire ngam yuɓɓinde goomu cellal Duɗal heblo ngal (walla kala goomu goɗɗo) ;

- wi’a kala janngoowo yoo dallinde ko gooto kala suɓii

-mbaɗa miijo njuɓɓudi goomu oo, tawa ina waɗtori lelnaaɗe kuule nderndeere Duɗal heblo ngal.

Gollal gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

-waɗa yeru haatumeere nde janngooɓe ɓee loowrata seese seese, tawa eɓe heen teskina mbaadiiji bongol laamu ɗi ɓe teskinoo e nder hurum nguurndam maɓɓe (galle/ɓesngu, nokku heblo, leegal, kommin/perfektii, diiwaan, ngenndi) e nder lebbi tati ɗii fof (doggol ngonkaaji ɗii, sababuuji majji, batte majji) e ko ngonnoo waɗde , kamɓe, e yeeso kala heen ngonka teskaaka/ñiŋaaka.

- mbaɗa golle naamnaaɗe ɗee

- ngartira ciimtol ngol so lebbi tati ɗii timmii.

Golle gooto gootoFijirde baɗkinagolÑemmbingol

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Doggol tufle web janngande ndee : Demokarasi e Peewal laamuLes-tiitoonde 1. Demokarasi

Ganndinooje helmiire ndee [copier et coller ici]

Demokarasi(winndannde Daniel Gaxie, Porfesoor Siyaas Politik Iniwersitee Paris 1 – Panthéon-Sorbonne)

Demokarasi ko ɗum mbaadi njuɓɓudi politik ngaadoraandi anndinireede, fawaade e konngol Abraham Lincoln ngol, hono « laamu leñol, ngu leñol waɗi, leñol waɗanaa ». Hono no nder kala yuɓɓo politik noon, ko wi’etee « leñol » koo, maanaa denndaangal ɓiyleydi’en hoɗduɓe e leydi ngootiri ɓee, ko ko laamaa e nder ɗuum. Ko addani koo yuɓɓo demokarasi sifaa keeriiɗo noon, ko tawde laamaaɓe ɓee na kaadi kadi wonde laamiiɓe, jeyaaɓe e kala taƴe ɓurɗe teeŋtude defiiɗe nguurndam hoɗorde ndee. Ndeen noon, ko leñol renndini koo woni laamaaɗo (maanaa gonɗo e les njiimaandi mbaawka politik) e laamiiɗo (tamɗo kaan ɗoon mbaawka), ko ɗuum waɗi juɓɓule demokarasi na njoortoraa gollude e nafoore leñol.

Laɓɓintingol noon, hol no e fawaade e hol ɗuum, « leñol » waɗtoriraa e laamu maggol e hoore ngol, ko ɗum naamnal jojjungal sanne, so artii e mbaadi demokarasi yuɓɓooji politk ɗii. Gila e Antikitee Gerek /Geres Kiiɗndi haa e teemedannde XIXe ndee, ko mbaadi laamu mbo mbi’eten hannde demokarasi pel, ɗo batu ɓiyleydi’en (ekelesiya) wostondirta miijooji ruttoo wota kuule ɗoo tan waawnoo siforeede wonde demokarasi. Toɗɗoragol laamotooɓe ɓee suɓngo/wote, tawa mbaawaka laamu tottetee tan ko « woonɓe » kono wonaa « fof’en », yi’eretenoo oon jamaanu ko wonde laamu aristokarat’en (laamu lawakeeɓe tan). Ina yahakkeeji aadeeina yahakkeeji aadee haa ɓooyi, laamu jooɗanegol (maanaa laamu mbo jooɗaniiɓe « leñol », ɓe ɓiyleydi’en cuɓii ɓee, cihnata oo) waɗti heɓtinireede mbaadi demokarasi keeriindi, haa ɓooyi wonti ko ndiin tan woni demokarasi. Mbaadiiji jooɗanegol cuɓangol hannde ɗii, njakkiraa ko wonde demokarasi ; tee, so woorii tan won kantoŋaaji Siwis, demokarsiiji hannde ɗii fof ko ɗi demokarasiiji jooɗanagol.

Demokarasi soomi ko jaale, binndaaɗe sariya, baɗle, pinal/gaadoral, kam e kadi joodanegol ngol laaɓtaani. Ɗiin ɗoon mbaadiiji jooɗanagol ko sarɗiyankeeji (sabu ko ɗi lelnooji sarɗiiji potɗi rewteede walla yotteede), ko ɗi kadi lawɗiyankeeji (sabu ko ɗi ndallinta koo, ɗi « kormina », ngonka politik). Ko e innde majji sippirooji politik keewɗi ceerɗi mbaɗaa ngam mooftude walla waylude njuɓɓudi politik ngoodnoondi ndii. Aadaaja ganndal ummoriiɗi e laawol walla filosofi ina kawri e paccirgol e mawningol, heen sahaaji, ɗeen ɗoon terɗe demokarasi to batte sariya, jaale, e gooŋɗinal miijooji. Aadaaji ñiŋooji noon na limta keeri walla ŋakke demokarasiiji tigi rigi ɗii, ɗi ndokka

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kadi miijooji ngam ɓeydude ɗi waɗde nuunɗuɗi. Gannde jowitiiɗe e renndo ɗee, ɗe yi’annde mumen ngoni rewaande ɗoo ɗee, laartaani ñaawde walla haɗande demokarasi. Ɗe njiɗi kay ko faamude, nduttoo paamina peeje jahnugol golle mum. Maa tawe, ɗoo yeeso ɗoo, limto ngo wonaa huuɓtidinngo, wonande mbaadiiji ɓurɗi teeŋtande jahnugol golle demokarasiiji hannde ɗii. E ndeen joopannde, yuɓɓooji jooɗanagol laawɗinaaɗi ɗii, ina mbaawi waɗde haa jerondiral waɗee hakkunde ngonka tigi yuɓɓooji demokarasi ɗii, e ko ɗi jeeytotoo koo ; rutti, ɗi ngoni kadi ɓaarorgal juurnitagol. Oon sahaa, maa wiɗtooji gannde renndankooje mbaaw jogaade bannge ñiŋoore, kono tawa eɗi mbaawi kadi ɓeydande miijo kala jiɗɗo ɓadtondirde yuɓɓooji demokarasi ɗii e faandaare majje sarɗinoore dowrowre ndee.30

30 Gaxie, Daniel. « Démocratie ». in Encyclopedia Universalis [en ligne] … [copier et coller ici]

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FANNUURE 5

NGONAAGU, JOOPAL/JOOPANNDE JAM E ƁAMTAARE [njɓ]

« Dowlaaji e renndooji ɗii, potgol majji ñaawireede warhooreeji baɗaaɗi faade e rewɓe, ina jogii doole ɓurtuɗe lorngooji pawaaɗi e waɗɓe ɗum ɓee tan. Ina naamnii darngol Dowla laawol e ngonka politik e renndo potondirka. So ɗuum alaa, jam duumotooɗo waawaa woodde. Baasgol lorngo ina usta doole peŋɗe renndooji jaltuɗi e luhre ɗii, sabu ɗum laawɗinat fitina e ɓurondiral. Ɗum juuttinat jergugol renndo/ŋakkere deeƴre kam e ŋakkere potondiral, tee kadi ina addana rewɓe ɓee reppande puɗɗitagol luhre ɗee». Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (Debbo gadiiɗo wonde Hooreejo Dowla Liberiyaa e nder Afrik kala).

« Paamugol teddeendi/faayiida ngonaagu, e nder geɗe luhre, ko ko jojji mbele peeje duumingol jam e tiiɗtingol jam ɗee na mbaawa yeñde e duumaare», Dowlaaji Dennduɗi.

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NGONAAGU, JOOPAL/JOOPANNDE JAM E ƁAMTAARE1- Jaɓɓal ngonaagu

2- Ngonaagu, casol faade e jam, e ɓamtaare

Naatirde Ngonaagu, ko ɓuri heewde, faamirtee ko helmiire nde nganndu-ɗaa ko geɗe paatuɗe e rewɓe tan joopii . Juurnitagol duttorɗe/binndaaɗe na waawnoo hollirde no baasgol faamde/ŋakkere paamgol helmiire ndee yaajiri e nder aduna hee fof.

Ngonaagu, ko ɗum helmiire renndiyankoore feññinoore geɗe ceertugol hakkunde yimɓe, gila to ngonam, to ɓurfamɗiyankaagal, to pelle renndo, haa to duuɓi, ekn. Ina waɗa jotondire ɓurdondiral mbaawka hakkunde goomuuji renndo. Ngonaagu toɗɗii/faanditii koƴellitaare e ɓamtaare neɗɗanke, ko fof’en njaɓi koo, tawa kadi na rokki hakke baawɗe renndiyankooje, e ko kala neɗɗo renndo ngoo foti waawde, faade e joopannde jam duumototooɗo.

Yanti heen noon, ko woni koo ina teskaa, e ɗii ɗoo duuɓi, wonde luhre ɗee na ngustoo kala, haɗaani kisal e ñiiɓnugol jam ko ɗum ngoƴa mawka wonande Afrik hirnaange haa hannde. Paltagol e maslugol ngol, wune keɓaaɗo oo e golle ñiiɓnugol jam ɗee, kam e golle mahtagol, tiiɗtingol jam, teeŋtingol demokarasi e peewal laamu, e nder leyɗeele jaltuɗe e luhre ɗee fof, ko ɗum casi ɗi nganndu-ɗaa golliyankooɓe heewseerɓe na njahdodini doole maɓɓe e sastude ɗi, e nder fannu jam.

Ko woni koo helmiire « ngonaagu » na heewi ko soomi kala, « ko rewɓe e sukaaɓe ɓuri wonde loriiɓe e luhre ɗee ; haa ɗum waɗi, doole denndinteeɗe faade e jam ɗee, sikke alaa, wune majje fawii ko e baawgol majje tabitinde tawtoregol ɓeen rewɓe e sukaaɓe e nder ƴellitgol e ñiiɓnugol jam ngol. » Oo ɗoo goonga tawaaɗo, mbo Yuɓɓo jam e kisal wonande rewɓe dingiral CEDEAO (RESPFECO), e nder

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konngol miijo mum keblirgol lulnde golle darnugol mum to Abijaa 2009, ina holliri ndee ɗoo fiɓre : tawtoregol rewɓe ɓurngol mawnude e nder ɓosɓose ñiiɓnugol jam e daranagol luhre ngol.

Kono noon, so tawii debbo heddotoo tan ko e golle caggaleeje, so tawii ngoƴaaji mum teeŋtuɗi e nafooje mum nguurndam mbatoraaka, sikke alaa, o waawataa daraade darnde makko haa timma e nder ɓamtaare ngalu e renndo ndee. Ko ɗuum waɗi, nde anndunoo ndee tawtoregol rewɓe ɓurngol mawnude to batte jam e kisal ngol, ko ɗum casol, Galle CEDEAO ngam Ƴellitaare Ngonaagu (CCDG) toɗɗii jam e kisal ngam wonde tergal timmungal e nder joopale lelngo peeje mum ɓurɗe teeŋtude ɗee. Ndeen ɗoon yi’annde tan yonii e naattingol e ndee ɗoo deftere faandoraande gaawgol ngonirkaaji/ e jikkuuji newnooji jam, fannuure « NGONAAGU, joopannde jam e ɓamtaare ».

Ndee ɗoo janngande mahii ko e les-tiitooɗe ɗiɗi :

Jaɓɓal ngonaagu Ngonaagu, casal faade e jam e ɓamtaare.


Waɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu, e nder joopannde darnugol jam e ɓamtaare.

Les-tiitooɗe

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Jaɓɓal ngonaaguLes-tiitoonde 2 : Ngonaagu, casal faade e jam e ɓamtaare.

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Les-tiitoonde 1 : Jaɓɓal ngonaagu [jng]Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :

Waɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol :

5- Heɓindaade miijinooje ngonaagu e jaɓɓal ngonaagu;6- Yahnude golle janngingol, e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje baɗtoragol

jng ;7- Jogitaade ngonirkaaji newnooji ƴellitgol ngonaagu.

Geɗe loowdi

Ganndingol kelmiije teeŋtuɗe ɗee Ngonaaku

So konngol « genre » woodii tigi e farayse, e nder silo ngonaagu, ko ɗum firo helmiire engele « gender » ndee. Ngonaagu, ko cos-ɗen e pulaar koo, maanaa « genre », ina firdi geɗe ɗiɗi : jotondire hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe, kam e mbaadi no ɗe mahiraa nii to batte renndo e pinal. Geɗe ceernduɗe ɗee debbo e gorgo, ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ɗee ko ɗe janngaaɗe, baawɗe waylaade e nder jamaanu, eɗe keewi ɗe ceeri e nder pinal gootal walla nder renndo e renndo woɗngo.

Ngonam tagoodi : ko ko tagdaa, gila neɗɗo jibinaa, ko waylotaako so wonaa e ko junngo waɗi ;

Ngonam to renndo : ko ko renndo mahi, ko wuuri, ko yahata, na wayloo, fawaade e sahaaji e nokkuuji.

Potal to ngonaagu : ɗuum toɗɗii ko potal hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe, e nder baawgol heɓde e ngaluuji goodaaɗi, kam e nafooje ɓamtaare ;

Potondiral to ngonaagu : ko mbaadi wonde ko fotondiri, ko feewi, fade e gorko e faade e debbo kala, ngam potal ngonaagu ;

Potfotal to ngonaagu : potal rip, hakkunde ngonameeje ɗiɗi ɗee, potal to tawtoregol ngonameeje ɗiɗi ɗee e kala tolnooji yuɓɓo jaŋde, ko ɗum helmiire keeweendi ;

Heedi-heeda/ceerndugol to ngonaagu : ko ɗum baɗal ɗawgol walla baasgol fotndude, pawangal e gorko walla debbo, tawa fawii tan ko e miijo fuɗngo to batte ngonaagu ;

Miijooji puɗɗi to ngonaagu : ko ɗum gooŋɗine ñiɓiiɗe, puuyɗe, pawooje won e sifaaji walla golle keeriiɗe e dow ɗam ɗoo ngonam walla ɗama. Eɗi ngetoo dallinde baawgol worɓe e dow rewɓe, tawa wonaa ko fawii e no renndo yuɓɓorii nii, kono ko fawaade e ngonka ummoriika e sifaaji worɓe e rewɓe tawaaɗi, ɗi Alla waɗi ;

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Keɓgol mbaawka : ɓosɓosal tiiɗtingol mbaawka, tawtoregol, baawɗe cuɓagol e termbondiregol, e baawangol hoore mum… Binndaaɗe ONU ɗee na pirira, heen sahaaji, helmere engele « empowerment » ndee « ɓeydagol mbaawka golle rewɓe ». Ɗemngal farayse na wi’a heen sahaaji « empouvoirement » ne.

Jaɓɓal ngonaagu« Jng » na naamnii waɗtorde/waɗtude hakkille e fartaŋŋeeji ɗi worɓe e rewɓe mbaawi heɓde ɗii, darɗe ɗe ɓe tottaa ɗee to batte renndo, kam e jotondire gonɗe ɗee hakkunde maɓɓe. Ɗuum ɗoon ko ɗum mahirɗe ngooroondiije, jogiiɗe batte e dow ɓosɓosal ɓamtaare renndo ndee, kam yoo dow joofirde politikaaji, porogaramuuji e eɓɓooji/poroseeji juɓɓuli hakkunde-leyɗeele e ngenndiije ɗee kala. Ngonaagu ina jotondiri no feewi e denndaangal geɗe nguurndam ngalu e renndo, nguurndam yimɓe ñande kala e kiiriɗam, kam e kadi geɗe renndo, ngo nganndu-ɗaa ngoo ko kamngo totti gooto kala (worɓe e rewɓe) darɗe keeriiɗe », fawaade e ko FAO haali e nder winndannde mum « lim-ngonkaaji e ngonaagu, limtagol ndema (2011) ».

Daartol jaɓɓal ngonaaguKitaale 1950 ɗee, kitaale mahtugol [leyɗeele gonnooɗe e Wolde Mawnde ɗee], e jolgol miijo/tewori juɓɓule mawɗe ɗee (FMI, BM) kam e kesɗitingol. Bannge rewo, ko jamaanu joofgol wolde/geer ; to banndge worgo, dille jeytaare puɗɗii ƴeesaade, 1946 komisoŋ ngonka rewɓe sosaa. Naatirde kitaale 1960’en, ina ɓuri heen teskeede goytaali/ƴame jowitiiɗe e hakkeeji laawol ; ɗeen ɗoon dille ngoni e saraade/layde e nder aduna hee :

Jaɓɓal gonal e jam to batte renndo, Jaɓɓe kese ngam waɗde rewɓe golliyankooɓe ɓamtaare, Naattingol rewɓe e nder ɓamtaare : IF e FED (Rewɓe e Ɓamtaare) – golle gaddooje keɓal ngoni e ƴellitaade,

Jeñcule wonande naattingol rewɓe e ɓamtaare IFD : certugol ko anndani, hakkunde gorko e debbo, e ko faati e ɓamtaare ; ɗuum addi faayiida teeŋtingol geɗe rewɓe, kam e mbaadi jiigol mumen geɗe aduna.Jeñcule wonande Rewɓe e Ɓamtaare (FED) : getagol yooltude hujjaaji keeraniiɗi rewɓe tan e nder kala fannu, ɗum addi joofingol eɓɓooji/poroseeji baɗtoraaɗi ɗii faade e baɗle e golle ɗe rewɓe ɓee tan naftorta. Rewɓe ɓurii heɓde baawangol ko’e mu’en, kono kadi ɓe pemmbii/kawrii e baɗe fitinaaji jowitiiɗi e baasgol worɓe ɓee golle/dawol. Jaɓɓal « ngonaagu » ngal, maanaa juurnitagol e baɗtorgol, e nder kala fannu, jotondire renndo hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe ɗee, ko ko jojji ngam yottaade paandale potal jahduɗe/jumtondirɗe ɗee e hakkeeji aadee, kam e moƴƴitinde peewtindagol peeje toɗɗiiɗe ɓamtaare duumotoonde ɗee.E kitaale 1990 ɗee, ɓamtaare duumotoonde toɗɗiinde ndee nannondirde mahirɗe ɓamtaare ɗe taariindi, renndo, ngalu e pinal ɗee kala, teeŋtinii tawtoregol golliyankooɓe ɓamtaare worɓe e rewɓe, kam potal rewɓe e worɓe.

E hitaande 1995, Hawriinde Pekeŋ yowitinoonde e ngonka rewɓe to laawol ndee sarii/yaajnii jng e ɓamtaare (GED). Ɗum wonnoo ko yooltude hujjaaji keeriiɗi, ceertuɗi, wonande kala ngonam, tawa ina faanditaa heen baawangol

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hoore mum wonande rewɓe, tawa kadi ɓurondire nder ɓeynguuji e nder renndo ɗee ina mbaɗtoraa hende wootere.Jaɓɓal ngonaagu e ɓamtaare (GED) ko ɗum jaɓɓal kesal faade e ceerndule gonɗen ɗee hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe, hakkunde sukaaɓe worɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe.

Taccukeeraagal/balwaltal « $mainsteaming »Gongol fiɓre worɓe-e-rewɓe ndee taccukeeriire/walwaltoore, walla kadi jaɓɓal tippondirngal wonande potal, ngal engeleeɓe mbi’ata ngal « $mainstreaming », ko ɗum feere ƴellitgol potal. Ende teeŋtina baɗtugol hakkille, e kala sahaa, e potal hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe, e nder politikaaji, peeje e golle toɗɗiiɗe ɓamtaare ɗee. Taccukeeraagal fiɓre worɓe-e-rewɓe ngal firtaani tan pellital wonde rewɓe na tawtoree/njeyee e porogaraam ɓamtaare darnaaɗo haa gasi. Ina yiɗi kadi teeŋtinde wonde rewɓe ɓee, kam yoo worɓe ɓee, ina tawtoree/njeyee e lelnugol paandale, kam e lelnangol ɗe golle, mbele ɓamtaare ndee na waɗtoro goƴaaji e soklaaji rewɓe e worɓe ɓurɗi ardaade ɗii. Taccukeeraagal fiɓre worɓe-e-rewɓe ngal, ina naamnii juurnitagol/ƴeewtindagol batte baawɗe aroyande rewɓe e worɓe ɓee, ummoraade e golle ɓamtaare ɗee, e nder fannuuji ɓamtaare renndo ɗii kala. Ngoonɗoon yuurnito/silo, foti wɗeede ko ko adii ƴettugol pellitte/taƴne mawɗe paatuɗe e paandale, peeje e peccondirgol ngaluuji ɗee.

Peccodirgol darɗe e jotondire renndiyankooje e nder renndo :

DARƊE NGONAAGUGaddugol/Jeñcingol Baɗtugol Renndiyankoore

Nafooje e sarwisaaji : janngingol, ñootol, baɗgol paɗe…

Nguurndam e pinal : Jibingol,Poofte e weeytaare,Needi, heblo

Juɓɓingol golle denndangol, e sarwisaaji/nafooje renndo

Golle /dille politik e nokku Jeyegol e goouuji renndo Kisnal renndo Kisnal dente…

Kirjingol/kakkilingol (jaɓɓal ngonaagu) : ngonka ɓurata yeɗeede baylagol tan, ko nde politikaji cosɗi ka ɗii mbaɗtori ka ndee no haanirta nii. So arti noon e ndee ɗoo toɓɓere, haani ko faatude e baylagol to batte pinal, ayaawo/ñemmbo hakkille, mbaadi miijooji, e peeje ji’anɗe tan, e raɓɓere bolle. Ɗum firti ko ndee ɗoo toɓɓere foti rewindoreede ko to bannge pinal, tawa ina yahdi e peeje toɗɗaaɗe fawaade e golliyankooɓe e nokkuuji golle, tawa ina rewtii mbaadiiji nokke keeriiɗi ɗii.« Jotondire ngonam renndiyankooje ɗee, kam e darɗe ɗe rewɓe e worɓe (e ɓesngu) tottaa ɗee, ɓuri ɗe heewde saabaade ko juɓɓule ngalu, mbaadi Dowla kam e joopanɗe renndo, diine, pinal, kam yoo jotondire teeŋɗe gonɗe ɗee hakkunde ɗeen ɗoo geɗe kala ; jotondire ɗe nganndu-ɗaa eɗe mbaawi waylaade kamɗe e ko’e majje. E yeru : Dowla na waawi jaalɗinirde, duuminira ɓurondiral hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe kuule e politikaaji jaowitiiɗi e jaŋgal,

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ceeral, darnde jibnaaɗo, jogagol sukaaɓe, jeygal kam e politikaaji ballitgol renndiyankeewol »31.

Kuutorɗe ƴellitgol ngonaagu :

Kawriiɗe hakkunde-leyɗe gila Meksikoo haa Beyjiŋ :

Kawriiɗe hakkunde-leyɗe jowitiiɗe e rewɓe (Iwdi : UNIFEM, laawol faade Beyjiŋ)

MEKSIKOO 1975 Hawriinde hakkunde-leyɗeTirbin AIF adande yowitiinde e Rewɓe

15 suwee haa 2 suliyee 1975

1975 ……….> Hitaande Debbo hakkunde –leyɗeere

1976 ……..> Sappande Dowlaaji Dennduɗi wonande Debbo

KOPPENAAG 1980 ……..> Tiitooɗe teeŋtuɗe : Potal, ƁamtaareBatu PNGL

NAYROBI ……..> Guddugol Sappande DebboBatu PNGL Lelnugol peeje

BEYJIŊ ……..> 4 haa 15 settammburu 1995Batu PNGL Cosgol Nokku – Batu Golle adunankeewu

Ittaa ko e « Geenre et Education au Sénégal, ORGENS, 2ème édition, 2008

Pellitti Batu Kisal mbo Dowlaaji Dennduɗi/Ngenndiije Dennduɗe e nder Afrik Hirnaange

Pellitol 1325 jowitiingol e rewɓe, jam e kisal. Pellitol 1325 ngol Batu Kisal mbo Dowlaaji Dennduɗi, jaɓaa e kuuɓtidinal, ko e lewru oktoobar 2000. Ko ɗum hurum sariya e politik teskiniiɗo e taarik, jaɓtuɗo faayiida jeyegol rewɓe kam e naattingol bannge ngonaagu e nder termbondire jowitiiɗe ɗee e jam, lelngugol golle aadeyankaagal, golle ñiiɓnugol jam, tiiɗtingol jam, kam e mbaadi laamu caggal luhral.

Pellital 1325 ngal waɗi ko fannuuji golle 4 teeŋtuɗi :1. Jeyegol rewɓe e kala tolno ƴettugol taƴne, haa teeŋti noon :

Nde jaale ngenndiije, diiwaniije e hakkunde-leyɗeele ; Nder jahnirɗi paltagol, daranagol e cafrugol luhre ; E termbondire/maslondire faade e jam ɗee ; E golle jam, so ɓe ngon soldareeɓe/harɓiyankooɓe, poliseeɓe walla

siwil’en ; E wonde maɓɓe Jooɗaniiɓe Heeriiɓe Koolaaɗo Kuuɓal Dowlaaji Denndu.

2. Kaɗdugol/ɗuwgol rewɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe e kala fitinaaji ngonam,kam e fitinaaji jowitiiɗi e ngonaagu, haa teeŋti noon :

31 Masson D’Almida dans « … » [cc ici]

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Nder ngonkaaji heñnaare e aadeyankooji, hono no nder kaŋuuji/biille mooliiɓe ;

Waɗande yimɓe golle jam ɓee, e boowal golwole ngal, e ko adii nde ɓe caretee ndee, heblooji jowitiiɗi e hakkeeji rewɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe kam e peeje deentugol jumtuɗe.

3. Paltagol fitina paaɗo e rewɓe, tawa waɗiraa ko ƴellitgol hakkeeji debbo, jaɓegol e cihnugol kuule ɗee, haa nawori :

Kalmagol waɗɓe war-hooreeji wolde, warleñol, war-hoore aadeyankaagal, kam e ñaayle laawol hakkunde-leyɗe goɗɗe :

ɗoftagol mbaadi siwil e aadeyankoori biille mooliiɓe ɗee ; jaltingol war-hooreeji fitinaaji ngonam e nanondire jaafagol lorngo ɗee,

sabu eɗi mbaawi wonde war-hooreeji aadeyankaagal, war-hooreeji wolde walla ɗi warleñol ;

tiiɗtingol hakkeeji debbo, fawaade e laawɗinal hakkunde-leyɗe ngal ; ballitgol peeje newnooje jam, kam e ɓosɓose cafrugol luhre ɗe rewɓe

ƴetti e nokkuuji mumen.4. Naattingol bannge ngonaagu oo e nder golle/baɗle jam ɗee, haa teeŋti noon e dow :

toɗɗaade diisondirteeɓe e ngonaagu e nder galle golle jam ɗe Dowlaaji Dennduɗi ;

baɗtorgol ngoƴaaji keeraniiɗi rewɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe, saanga miijtagol e lelnugol politikaaji ngol, e nder kala fannu ;

naattingol joopanɗe, ballitte e ganndaaɗe pelle rewɓe ɗee, nder peewnugol politikaaji e porogaramuuji ɗii.

Pellitol 1820 jowitiingol ngol e fitinaaji ngonam jahduɗi e luhre.Pellitol 1820 (2008) ngol, ina jaggiri fitinaaji ngonam jahduɗi e luhre ɗii na wonde toɓɓere jam e kisal hakkunde-leyɗe. Pellitol ngl na noddii :

golliyankooɓe jogitiiɓe ɓee, nde ngaccata ƴettude kuutoragol fitina ngonam faade e yimɓe siwileeɓe ɓee, na mbaɗa ɗum feere yottorde paandale politik walla harbiyankooje ;

denndaangal rennduɓe e luhral, nde ɓe kaɓtotoo baasgol loreede caggal fitinaaji ngonam, e nde ɓe ndeentata yimɓe siwileeɓe ɓee e deentugol moƴƴol ;

Dowlaaji Dennduɗi ɗii kam e golle jam ɗee, nde ɗe ƴellitta jahnirɗi paltagol e jaabtagol ko faati koo e fitinaaji ngonam.

- Gaadondire : Gaadondiral jowitiingal e Cuytingol kala mbaadi Heedi-heeda Faade e

Rewɓe (CEDEF) Portokol wonande Sarɗi Afrik mbo Hakkeeji Aadee e leƴƴi/jamaaji,

jowitiiɗo e Hakkeeji Debbo e Afrik, Portokol mbo Maputoo

- Lelngo golle CEDEAO ngam tabitingol pellitti 1325 e 1820 ɗi Batu Kisal Dowlaaji Dennduɗi e nder Afrik Hirnaange ɗii

- Peeje ngenddiije ngam potondiral e potal to ngonaagu.

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Les –tiitoonde 1 : Jng

LELNUGOL FANNUURE NDEELes –tiitoonde 1 : JngMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol :1- Heɓindaade miijinooje ngonaagu e jaɓɓal ngonaagu;2- Yahnude golle janngingol, e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje baɗtoragol


Happu : Waktuuji 14

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttortɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji - Fotooje- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe- Internet/intranet/TIC/ Karalle Humpito e Jokkondiral cuhnaaɗe e needi

(TICE).

Lelnugol fannuure ndee

Sahaa gollal

Baawɗe Geɗe loowdi jahdooje heen

Peeje Happu

1 Anndinde miijnooje ngonaagu e jng

Miijinooje jowitiiɗe e kelmiije ngonaagu : Potal to ngonaagu, potondiral to ngonaagu; Potfotal to ngonaagu-jng.


- Golle goomu

Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet) Joorngo miijooji

-naamnital/

W 2

2 Heɓindaade mahirɗe jng

Haqiiqaaji jowitiiɗi e jngW 2

3 Heɓtinde teppooje e casi jowitiiɗi e tabitingol jng ngal

Teppooje e casi jowitiiɗi e tabitingol jng ngal

W 2

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anket- Gostondiral

- Wiɗto ngonkaaji

4 Miijtaade golle ƴellitgol jng

Golle/baɗle ƴellitgol jng : baawangol hoore mum (jeyegol rewɓe haa timmae nder golle ɓamtaare e ƴettugol taƴne) ; Kisal e ɓamtaare duumotoonde ;Fitina pawiiɗo e ngonaagu.

W 2

5 Naattinde toɓɓere/tiitoonde jng ndee e nder golle janngingol

Juurnitagol kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol-baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol-jahnugol sahaaji golle janngingol/janngugol-ɓetgol ko heɓaa koo.

W 6

YERU ƊEREWOL JANNGINGOL

Les-tiitoonde 1 : JngMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndeeWaɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee / ngonka janngugol : ngonaagu e nder renndo.

Paandale janngingol/janngugolHeɓindaade miijinooje ngonaagu e jaɓɓal ngonaagu;


KARALLEHakkille/Gannde/Ganndal

Jikkuuji/waaw-wonde Karalleeje/waaw-waɗde

-Seerndude nganaagu e ngonam

-Faaminde jahgol helmiire jng ndee

-Rewtaade haqiiqaaji potondiral e potal to ngonaagu ɗii

Tabitinde feere wiɗto e ko faati e miijnooje ngonaagu e jng.

Happu : w 2

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji - Fotooje- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe

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- Internet/intranet/TIC/ Karalle Humpito e Jokkondiral cuhnaaɗe e needi (TICE).


TAƳRE GOLLE



Ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijinooje potɗe janngeede ɗee


-Q.C.M-Golle gooto

gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

-Rokka ngonka njowitiika e fiɓre ngonaagu. Yeru : waktuuji 24 worɓe e rewɓe ɗii. - Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe limtu golle ɗee, ɓe peññina, ɓe ndallina baɗanaaɗe ɗee heen worɓe e baɗanaaɗe ɗee rewɓe tan.

Mbaɗa gollal ngal.

Golle goomu

Kirjingol golle hakkunde goomuuji e juurnitagol

-yuɓɓina ciimtol golle goomuuji ɗee,- timmitina humpitooji ɗi janngooɓe ɓee mbeeɗiri ɗiiTeeŋti geɗe loowdi ɗee ɗoo : ngonam tagoodi, ngonam renndo, Potal to ngonaagu, Potondiral to tongonaagu, Potfotal to ngonaagu, Heedi-heeda/ceerndugol to ngonaagu, Miijooji puɗɗi to ngonaagu, Daartol jng, Jaɓɓal gonal e jam renndo, Naattingol rewɓe e ɓamtaare, Jng, Taccukeeraagal/empowerment, mainstreaming, Hirjino/Kakkilingol (jng), Peccondirgol darɗe e jotondire renndiyankooje nder renndo.

Kollira jeñcule golle goomuuji ɗee

Batu dental

Tonngol e/walla tiiɗtingol, walla ɓeydugol miijnooje

Waɗna tonngol humpitooji ɗii

Njuɓɓina tonngol ngol fawaade e ngoo ɗoo lelngo :-ganndingol kelmiije teeŋtuɗe ɗee-daartol jng

Kawridingol, e batu dental, ngam tabitinde humpitooji ɗii

Beto /bilaa -gollina janngooɓe ɓee e dow diɗɗal konngi, wi’a yoo ɓe ceerndu jowitiiɗi ɗii e ngonaagu e/walla ngonam-waɗna tammborgal ƴellitgol ngonaagu (kirjinol, natal walla winndannde)

-njaabtoo naamne ɗee

-mbaɗa tammborgal.

-Golle gooto gooto

-peewtingol

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Eggingol/Naattingol

-Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yo ɓe ndokkir miijo juɓɓitinal peccugol golle ñande kala ɗee, fawaade e ngonaagu

-Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yo ɓe mbaɗ laamu ngu 25 minister/jaagorgal tawa eɓe mbaɗtori ngonaagu.

-Njuɓɓitina peccugol golle ñande kala ɗee, to lekkol

- Mbaɗalaamu/goornomaa fawaade e yamiroore jannginoowo oo

Gollal gooto gooto

Baɗgol winndannde/Wallifo

Baɗkinagol

Fijirde ngonkinagol

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ngonaagu, casol faade e jam, e ɓamtaareMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :

Waɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu newnooji darnugol jam e ɓamtaare.


1- Yuurnitaade peeje ɗaɓɓitgol/laartugol jam, fawaade e ngonaagu2- Ɓamde peeje ƴellitgol jng e nder nokku/sato mum, ngam cihnugol jam e

ɓamtaare3- Yahnude golle janngingol, e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje baɗtoragol


Geɗe loowdi

Yuurnito/silo ngonaaguYuurnito walla silo ngonaagu ko ɗum ɓetgol batte, e dow rewɓe e worɓe kala, kala baɗal lelnangal, haa teeŋti noon to batte laawol, politik e porogaraamuuji, e nder kala fannu walla kala tolno ɗo ɗum waawi waɗeede. Ko ɗum kuutorgal ngam suurnude naamne, sila humpitooji, feewna peeje, toɓɓere e toɓɓere, ngam ɓeydude darnde e tawtoregol rewɓe e worɓe e kala tolnooji.Ko ɗum feere golle, toɗɗiinde naattingol ngoƴaaji e humpitooji ngurndam rewɓe yoo worɓe e nder peewnugol, tabitingol, deengol e ɓetgol politikaaji e porogaraamuuji, e nder kala fannu, mbele worɓe e rewɓe na keɓda nafooje potɗe, ɓurnondiral waasa duumaade.Hol mo waɗata huɗum, hol mo jogii huɗum, hol mo sokli huɗum ; hol ko woni peeje e jaɓɓe gustugol yolnde hakkunde ko worɓe e rewɓe cokli, njiɗi koo, ekn. ; ko naamne potɗe werneede, cilee, ngam hollirde ayaawo timmungo wonande ngonka ngonaaka kaa. Maa ɗum walloy e heɓtinde ŋakke ɗee (ko alaa ɗoo koo), kam e ceertule ɗee (ko yonaani koo).

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Yuurnito luggiɗinaango e ko faati e ngonaagu, ko ɗum fuɗɗorde waɗnde fayiida, wonande kala porogaraam baɗtorgol ngonaagu kuuɓtidinngol.E kala daawal porose/eɓɓo, jng ngal na wallita e yuurnitaade won naamne teeŋtuɗe :- Hol mbo waɗata huɗum ?- Hol ngaluuji waɗirta ɗum ?- Hol keɓoowo e nafooje ɗee ?- Hol ko woni soklaaji e nafooje/entereeji worɓe e rewɓe ɓee, hol

sabaabu ?- Hol jogiiɗo/mo tami ngaluuji ɗii e nafooje ɗee ?- Hol ko woni dolle pooɗooje, baawɗe ɗee newnude waywaylooji ɗaminaaɗi

ɗii ?- Hol ko woni doole teppooje ɗee ?

Kaɗooje/teppooje jam e ɓamtaare jowitiiɗe e ngonaaguFawaade e FDowlaaji Dennduɗi/ONU, « miijnoore ngonaagu ruttinta hakkille ko e darɗe, e jotondire renndiyankooje ceertuɗe, hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe, sukaaɓe worɓe e sukaaɓe rewɓe. Ndeen ɗoon darɗe, ko ngonkaaji renndo, pinal, ngalu e politik muulata ɗe ; yanti heen kadi ɗaminaali e baɗɗiiɗi nder renndo ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ɗii, kamɗi ne, ina mbattina e no goomuuji renndo ɗii kawrirta nii e luhre njogitaaje.Wiɗto ngo Femme Africa Solidarité « Debbo Afrika Nanngondiral » (FAS) waɗi ngoo e « Ngonaagu e fitinaaji pawaaɗi e rewɓe, nder nokkuuji luhre ɗii », holliraango e hitaande 2009 to ENOA (Lekkol Ofiseeji Larme) mbo Cees, Senegaal too, feññinii wonde, ko heblooji ɗii mbaɗaa koo, e ko binndanɗe ngoodi koo fawaade e baɗtorgol Ngonaagu nder Golle Ñiiɓnugol Jam (OMP) fof, haɗaani rewɓe kam, ellee ngonaani nii e nder golle ñiiɓnugol jam e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal. Goodgol binndanɗe ngol tan yonaani nagm tabitinde baɗtorgol Ngonaagu nder Daranagol e Cafrugol luhre. Ɓaylagol jikkuuji ngol waawata rewde tan ko e keblugol worɓe ɓee e won golle hirjino, humpito, haa arti boom e needi, keeriiɗe jowitiiɗe e :

ngonkaaji baasgol potondiral (ɓergol, keerangol, ekn….) : « wonaa baasgol potondiral ngol gaañata en, ko faweede ngol ndee », dow ko Pierre Nicolas wi’i en e nder winndannde mum « Jotondire aadeeɓe.. » ndee.

Fitinaaji (fitinaaji pawiiɗi e ngonaagu, nder luhre hee ; baawgal e kuutoragol sukaaɓe to batte ngonam, ekn.). Fitina ko ɗum helmere yaajnde, huutortende ngam sifaade jikku tooñoowo, gañ’año, mbo wonaa jamyamo, kaɓeteeɗo, gaño, maanaa tan waawnere fawaande, addoore muuseeki, mette. « Fitina pawii e ngonaagu ko ɗum fitina toɗɗiiɗo worɓe e rewɓe, ɗo debbo oo ɓuri aamtude wonde piyaaɗo oo. Mbo ummotoo ko e jotondire mbaawka ɓurdondirɗe hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe. Fitina oo na fawee e debbo sabu tan ko o debbo, walla na yana e rewɓe jangol ɓurtungol. Fitina oo na soomori, tawa haaɗaani ɗoon tan, njanuuji to ɓalli [piyanɗe e gaañanɗe], to ngonam, to hakkille… Ko ɗum kadi fitina mbo Dowla waɗi walla yaafii » [Booñ Dowlaaji Dennduɗi wonande Jamaa (UNFPA), Goomu Tiitoonde Ngonaagu].

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Wiɗto FAS yowitiingo e ngonaagu e fitinaaji pawaaɗi e rewɓe, nder nokkuuji luhral ngoo ina wallita e :

Hollirde hono luhral waylirta jotondiral e darɗe ƴeewraaɗe ngonam ɗee, hakkunde worɓe, rewɓe, sukaaɓe rewɓe e sukaaɓe worɓe.

Hakkilinde soldareeɓe/harbiyankooɓe jam ɓee e ko faati e batte golle mu’en ɗee e dow hakkunde worɓe, rewɓe, sukaaɓe rewɓe e sukaaɓe worɓe.

Wostondirde miijooji e ko batte ƴeewregol ngonam ngol addata koo e kuutorɗe ɗee.

Waɗtorde pinal : sabu ɗum, jeyaaɓe e golle ñiiɓnugol jam ɓee, eɓe poti anndude e nder hol ngonka pinal koyɗe mu’en ɗee njahetee ; sabu fiɓre gorko-e-debbo ndee kam e pinal, ko ko jokkondiri haa tiiɗi.

Baɗe renndo-e-pinal ɗe moƴƴaani ɗee (hono Duhnugol Rewɓe, ko nganndu-ɗaa koo ɗum waɗetee ko e duuɓi hade lekkol, walla e tolno jaŋde hakindiinde).

Baasgol jahdodinde hurumaaji sariya ngenndiiji ɗii e kuutorɗe sariya hakkunde-leyɗe ɗee, kam e baasgol majje sihneede, rokkataa fitina waɗtorireede no haanirta nii e tolno Dowlaaji ɗii. Ina duñca boom e fitinaaji to ngonam ɗii kam e bawle goɗɗe ɗee fof, tee ko rewɓe adotoo wonde heen yanaaɓe (sukaaɓe e/walla mawɓe), kam e lorngooji tolnondirɗi e bonannde waɗaande ndee, wonande waɗɓe ɓee ɗiin ɗoon fitinaaji.

Baɗtorgol bannge ngonaagu oo, e nder politikaaji e baɗle, lelnugol e cihnugol politikaaji laamu ɓurɗi fotondirde : politik goƴaaɗo ngonaagu, ko ɗum diɗɗal haqiiqaaji tammbiiɗi peeje paltagol ceertule e ɓurdondire gummoriiɗe ɗee e ceertugol to batte renndo e pinal, baɗangol hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe ngol.

Baɗle e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ngonaagu, newnooji jam e ɓamtaare

Politik baɗtorɗo geɗal ngonaagu, etotoo ko surtude ɓurdondire tuugii ɗee e lasli, ko nganndu-ɗaa koo, ko kañum woni peŋgal ɓurondire to ngonaagu, ɗeen ɓurndondire paljinooje ƴellitagol mbaawkaaji rewɓe, ɗe nduttii ngoni kadi teppol wonande tabitingol hakkeeji maɓɓe aadee ndaɗɗuɗeeji. Politik na wi’ee waɗtorii ngonaagu, so tawii, e dow kuuɓtidinal e duumaare, ina naatna toɓɓere ngonaagu ndee gila e fuɗɗoode lelnugol porose ɓamtaare ngol - laɓɓingol jeñcule baaɗe waɗeede ɗee – dottugol paandale e peeje e ɓaarorɗe/ɓetirɗe rewindo, maanaa tan e nder ɓosɓosal hee fof. : gial to eɓɓugol haa to cihnugol.

Needi suka debbo e suka gorko ndii, tabitinta ndi ko politik jaŋde e pinal baɗtorɗo ngonaagu e tolnooji ɗii fof, gila e lelnugol politikaaji e porogaramuuji ɗii haa e jogagol/kisnugol kalaas ngol. Ɗum wonata ko waɗde maanaa haatumeere yaawo golliyankooɓe e mahanteeje ɗee, wonande golle toɗɗoraaɗe golliyankeeɓe e sifaaji gollotooɓe, kam e waɗde feere haa mahanteeje kaanɗe ngoodee. Waɗtorde ngonaagu e nder ngonkaaji janngingol/janngugol ina adda aawde ngonirkaaji e jikkuuji newnooji potondiral e potal.

- Jaŋde kaaɗdi nguurndam

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- Baɗle renndo-e-pinal baɗtoratɗe ceerseeral nafooje worɓe e rewɓe- Tawtoregol rewɓe e worɓe potondirngol e nder ɓosɓosl ɓamtaare ngal.

Ko woni koo casi kisal e jam e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal

Keewceeral ngonkaaji e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal, ina heewi batte e casi goodɗi ɗii wonande fiɓre jam e ɓamtaare ndee. Nder ɗiin ɗoon casi, ina waawi limteede :

Woteeji/suɓngooji ɗii, ko heewi koo addude fitinaaji, de baɗe bonɗe ɓurtuɗe kam e puɗɗooɗe lohe politik mawɗe ;

Caɗeele gonɗe ɗee e gaawgol/puɗnugol e tiiɗtingol demokarasi ; Peeñgol dille renndo e miijiyankooje ɓurtuɗe ; Ɓeydagol keewal yimɓe ɓurtungol, kam e cukaagu jamaa oo (sukaaɓe les

duuɓi 20 ɓee ngoni 50% yimɓe hoɗɓe e Afrik hirnaange oo) ; Caɗeele gonɗe e waawde heɓde e jaŋde, e heblo, kam e golle ɗee ; Baasgol yumtondirde, hakkunde ko tottirtee e jaŋde e pinal koo e

ngoƴaaji yimɓe ɗii. Peeje ñiiɓnugol jam ɗee, kam e naattingol e baɗtorgol geɗe potondiral e potal ngol, ɗum wonaa ko waɗtoraa ;

Tolno baasal toowngo, ngo 50% yimɓe ɓee nguuri e les keerol baasal, 60% nguurdi ko jaasi dolaar gooto ñalawma fof ;

Ƴellitagol ɓurtungol, wonande uujooji/ɗanniyankaagal, sabaabu nde lohe politik e woldeeji/kareeli ;

Weeytaare yah-ngarta jawdeele e yimɓe e nder dingiral CEDEAO ndee, ina ɓeydi ƴellitaare ñabbuuji jaaliiɗi ɗii, waɗdi heen kadi jeeygol yimɓe, e njulaagu cuuɗsuuɗu/cerindiingu laawol ;

Jillagol njogitaaje koytuɗe e ɗe kaliibar tokooso ɗee ; Baasgol yumtude politikaaji laamu ɗii ; ɗuurnondire hakkunde leƴƴi ɗee ; ɓeydagol jeeygol dorogaaji ngol ; duumagol luhre njogitaaje ɗee.

Wonande kala baɗal toɗɗingal castude ɗii ɗoo casi, ina jojji, alaa e sago, waɗde silo ngonkeewo, ngam naattinde heen bannge ngonaagu oo.

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ngonaagu, casol faade e jam, e ɓamtaare

LELNUGOL FANNUURE NDEEMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :

Waɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu, newnooji darnugol jam e ɓamtaare.


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1- Yuurnitaade peeje ɗaɓɓitgol/laartugol jam, fawaade e ngonaagu2- Ɓamde peeje ƴellitgol jng e nder nokku/sato mum, ngam cihnugol jam e

ɓamtaare3- Yahnude golle janngingol, e nguurndam lekkolaaji, newnooje baɗtoragol


Happu : w 12

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe :- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji - Fotooje- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe


Sahaaji golle

Baawɗe Geɗe loowdi Peeje Happu

1 Heɓindaade kuutorɗe silo jng ɗee

-haatumeere silo juurnitagol kaɓal laamu-GAM (eɓɓo silo ngonaagu)- hatumeere silo yuɓɓo jaŋde e pinal, fawaade e ngonaagu

Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet) - Golle goomu

- Sifaaji golle pelle keewɗi newnooji tippondiral

Joorngo miijojiNaamnital/anketGostondiral

Wiɗo ngonkaaji

W 2

2 Heɓindaade jaɓɓal silo ngonaagu ngal

-Daawe silo ɗee-Ngaluuji jahdooji heen ɗii W 2

3 Miijtaade peeje ƴellitgol jam e ɓamtaare, tawa ko e yi’annde jng

-lelnaaɗe cihnugol politikaaji « ngonaagu »- kuutorɗe cihnugol politikaaji « ngonaagu »

W 2

4 Naattinde tiitoonde ngonaagu e nder golle janngingol ɗee

Silo kaɓirde jaŋde e janngingol- Baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol

naworɗi bannge ngonaagu oo

- ɗowgol sahaaji golle janngingol/janngugol

- ɓetgol keɓe ɗee.

W 6


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Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ngonaagu, casol faade e jam, e ɓamtaareMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure, miijnooje e jikkuuji jowitiiɗi e ƴellitgol jaɓɓal ngonaagu, newnooji darnugol jam e ɓamtaare.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee/ngonka janngugol : peeje karalle silo jng

Faandaare janngingol/janngugol :Ɓamde peeje ƴellitgol jng e nder nokku/sato mum, ngam cihnugol jam e ɓamtaare


KARALLEHakkille/ganndal jikkujankeeje/waaw-

wondeKarallaagal/waaw-waɗde

-silde/yuurnitaade battingol baɗe e jikkuuji moƴƴi e bonɗi jowitiiɗi e ngonkaaji nguurndam ngonameeje ɗiɗi (02) ɗee- miijtaade lelnaaɗe kaanɗe

newnooje jam e ɓamtaare, naatnooje bannge ngonaagu oo (tawa ina yahdi e geɗe baawangol rewɓe ko’e mu’en, kisal e ɓamtaare duumotoonde, kam e fitina pawiiɗo e nonaagu)

-Rewtaade potondiral e potal to ngonaagu, nder cihnugol golle newnooje jam e ɓamtaare ɗee

-Gollude tawa na naawori /naattini ngonaagu e nder golle newnooje jam e ɓamtaare (empowerment ; tawtoregol e ƴettugol taƴne ngol)

-Sihnude golle ɓamtaare e jam, nder renndo, fawaade e jng.

-Wallitde e jahnirgol yeeso baɗle gaadante moƴƴe ɗee, wonande geɗe ngonaagu

-Tawtinirde, e dow potondiral, rewɓe e worɓe e nder ɓosɓosal ƴellitgol e tiiɗtingol jam ngal.

Happu : w 02

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe :- Porogaramuuji e defte jannirɗe - Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji - Fotooje- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe- Internet/intranet/TIC/ Karalle Humpito e Jokkondiral cuhnaaɗe e needi

(TICE).

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Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ngonaagu, casol faade e jam, e ɓamtaare

Ñande rewɓe ɓee pelliti hofde juude mu’en

[ Wonndoo ɗoo, ko leydi aamanteeri nanndundi no feewi e laamanteeje goɗɗe ɗee ; ndi waɗi laamɗo, jeefulɓe, soladareeɓe/harbiyankooɓe, remooɓe, e golliyankooɓe woɗɓe ɓee kala. Kono noon, rewɓe ɓee ngalaa hakke e yaltude galleeji mu’en, walla waɗde gollegoɗɗe ɗe njiidaa e ɗe ɓe peccanaa ɗee.Worɓe ɓee, so ndawii liggoyoo, so hiirii ɓe ngarta, ɓe naamnoo hiraande ; caggal ɗuum, ɓe kawroya e sehilaaɓe maaɓɓe, ɓe ngona e fijirde karte walla dominooji. Alaa ko wondi ɓe e anndude mbele rewɓe mu’en ɓee eɓe e jam walla alaa. Dañi ñalawma gooto, rewɓe ɓee murti. Ɓee worɓe kam noon, ko nii tan ? Ɓe ngartat galle, eɓe njeeya kalifaandi, eɓe luuka, eɓe en lora. Mbele eɓe paama boom, heen sahaaji, wonde enen eɗen keewi golle ? Debbo goɗɗo wi’i : « Konii tan dee ! » Eɗen toppitoo sukaaɓe, eɗen peewna galle, eɗen nguppa, eɗen nguna, eɗen ndefa, eɗen mbaɗa geɗe goɗɗe e goɗɗe kadi. Kamɓe noon, ɓe ngona tan e fijirde dominooji, tawa enen eɗen nguddaa e nder cuuɗi. « Mbaɗen gerew ! », rewɓe ɓee fof mbiidi noon. Ko noon woni rewɓe ɓee fof ngoni e accude liggaade. Worɓe ɓee ngiwti gese e golleeji maɓɓe goɗɗi tan, ɓe ngarti eɓe naji. Ñaamde suwaa gasde tawa. Comci nguppaaka. Tee, rewɓe ɓee ngonaani galle. Neeniraaɓe, wanndiiɓe rewɓe, denɗiraaɓe, joom’en cuuɗi, sabbaaɓe, fof twi ɓe njahi. Ɓe njahi ɓe kawroyi e nder suudu woouru, suudu debbo mbo gorko mum sanki, ɓe ngoni e fijirde domino e karte. Hay jeefulɓe oon ina wonnoo ɗoon.Alaa tan gorko gooto mbo joom suudu mum jaɓi ruttaade galle. Aa’ ! worɓe ɓee ngoni e wiide hakkunde maɓɓe : « Jooni ɓe ngarta ! » Rewɓe ɓee na mbi’a : « Min ngartataa so wonaa nde njanngu-ɗon winndannde ndee ! » Oon saanga fof noon, worɓe ɓee na ngetoo waɗde golle ɗe rewɓe ɓee mbaɗatnoo ɗee, kono gasaani. So ɓe nguppii comci, goobuuji ɗii ɓooroo. Sukaaɓe ɓee ngoni tan e wullude, ndeƴƴaani. So worɓe ɓee ndefi kadi, ɗum hooña… ɓe ngonti kamen tan e ko’e mu’en, ɓe njeewaa. Oon sahakkeeji aadee fof noon, rewɓe laamanteeri ɓee na ŋati tan, ngukkaani. « Maa ɓe ngar ɓe ngaddoya en, ɓe njaafnoo en ko ɓe lorata en koo ! » Hankadi worɓe ɓee ɗeɓi wontude haangaaɓe nii. Ɓe battindiino dartinde golleeji mumen, ɓe ngarti e golle galle, ɓayri rewɓe eɓe kofi juuɗe mu’en. Worɓe leydi ɓee ngoni e teskaade, seeɗa seeɗa, no golle rewɓe ɗee mbaanoo saɗtude ndeke. Hono ɓe mbaɗnoo haa ɓe baasi ɗumfaam gila adan ? Seeɗa tan haɗnoo rewɓe ɓee dañde wune… kono woodi ko tijjanooka, ko waɗi. Nde wonnoo worɓe ɓee eɓe e golleeji galle ɗii, gese ɗee puɗɗii yorde. Jawdi ndii woni e dudoyde, na yahra ɗo woni kala. Gawri fuɗɗi ŋakkude e nder laamanteeri hee, kam yoo nguura. Huunde fof wonti bonannde. Ɗoon noon, rewɓe ɓee e worɓe ɓee pelliti laartude feere no ɓe cafriri saɗeende ndee. Bannge kala, gooto suɓaa toon ngam maslondiral ngal.

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Worɓe ɓee cuɓii laamɗo gorko oo, rewɓe ɓee cuɓii jeefulɓe (laamɗo debbo) oo.

Kamɓe banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof ɓe kawroyi to nokku gooto jaambuuro : ladde wonnde ndee hedde ferlo ngoo. Tawi noon eɓe tikki, eɓe ñaaɗti. Jeefulɓe oon na wi’a : « Oɗon amen tan ngudda e galleeji ! » Laamɗo oo wi’i : « Min kaɗdat on tan e aduna boowal oo ! ». tan jeefulɓe oo teeŋtini : « Onon kay mbaɗ-ɗon amen tan ko no maccuɓe (jeyaaɓe) nii ! » Laamɗo oo wi’i : « Hum ! Ko woni maccuɓe ne ? Minen kay min ngoni tan ko e liggonaade on, hay daabaaji ! » « Minen ne kay !... », oo ɗaa heɓɓitii wi’i noon. « Kono on njaɓaani ɗum anndude ! » Debbo laamɗo oo wi’i : « Min mbaɗii ɗoo doggol goytaali amen ɗii », tan e firliti ɗerewol juutngol. Rewɓe ɓee naamnotonoo ko yo ɓe ngoppe na njalta galleeji maɓɓe, ɓe njannginee kadi golle goɗɗe. Won heen njiɗnoo ko wonde remooɓe, ɓeya mahooɓe, fitiramgolleeɓe, waɗooɓe cuuɗi, waɗooɓe njimri, waɗooɓe golle keewɗe tan, e raɓɓere bolle. Laamɗo oo ñirɓini yeeso, woni e miijtaade haa woni dumunna. O wi’i : « Baasi alaa, so wonii ko ɗuum njiɗ-ɗon, ma on keɓ ɗum. Gasii ? » Jeefulɓe oo hippiti gite, wi’i ɗum : « Geɗel goɗngel, yoo worɓe ɓee mbaɗtu jeyeede e golle galle ɗee. » Tan laamɗo oo fetti : « Ko mbii-ɗaa ? Ɗuum waɗataa ɗoo ! » Ɗoon tan jeefulɓe filñitii, tan ƴetti mantu mum wi’i na yahakkeeji aadee. « Eey, eey ! Muño.. Eey, min njaɓii… », laamɗo oo wi’i nii. « Maa min mballu e golleji galle ɗii. Kono onon ne maa on mballu amen e coñal ». Jeefulɓe oo jaɓi. Hay gooto sañaano kam heñoraade jonɗnde ndee. Nii woni, goytaali ɗii njurnitaa, wooto e woto haa gasi. Won heen njaɓaa, ɗiya mbaylaa, mbele hay gooto waasa mettinde. Nde maslondiral ngal gasi ndee, laamɗo oo e debbo mum, ɗakkondiri kuronaanji maɓɓe, ɓe ƴeewdi bannge gooto. ]



Juurnitagol $keɓeteeɗe/ keɓaaɗe ɗee

Ƴeewtagol tolno e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e fiɓre addaande ndee

njaabtoo naamne ɗee ; Naamne/jaabawuuji/jamire wiɗto/baɗgol golle

Baɗgol e ngonka

Gollal 1 :Ngonka-fiɓre :Hokka ngonka ngurndam ñande kala, ɗo ɓurondiral golle hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe haaletee

Cila ngonka kaa, ngostondira e darɗe ɗee.

-Tarna winndannde « Ñande rewɓe ɓee pelliti hofde juude mu’en » ndee

Tara winndannde ndeeKollira jeñcule golle mu’en ɗee

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Kirjingol golle hakkunde goomuuji

- yuɓɓina golle goomuuji fawaade e ɗee ɗoo jamirooje :1- Hol ko wonnoo golle rewɓe e worɓe ɗee ko adii kereƴ oo ?2- Hol ko saabii fuɗɗoode luhral ngal ?3- Mbele luhral ngal safraama ?4- Hol batte nanondiral ngal addandta nguurndam yimɓe laamanteeri ndii ?

Goomu 1 : jaaɓtoo naamnal jowitiingal ngal e golle rewɓe e worɓe ɗee ko adii luhral ngal

Goomu 2 : sila/yuurnitoo geɗal caabingal luhral ngalGoomu 3 : feññini batte nanondiral ngal e dow nguurndam renndo-e-faggudu yimɓe laamanteeri ɓee.

Golle goomuuji

Ɓeydugol miijnooje/tiiɗtingol/e tonngol

Yuɓɓina kawridingol wiɗtooji e humpitooji doɓindaaɗi e goomuuji ɗii-wi’a goomu kala yoo tonngol mum winndannde, haatumeere, walla natal tonngoowal fiɓre yuurnitaande ndee-adda timmitine humpito, tawa na dallinira haala mum goongaaji gummiiɗi e nguurndam ñande kala ɗam, kam e joljole hannde ɗee

Kollira, kadi paccira golle baɗaaɗe ngartiraa ɗee

Tonngol waɗiree mbaadiiji kaatumeeje, nate e binndanɗe, fawaade e mbaawkaaji ƴellitaaɗi ɗii

Golle denndaaɗeGostondiralBatu dental

Beto/bilaa Waɗna silo yahdungo e miijto, e dow golle baɗaaɗe e humpitooji gaddaaɗi ɗii : janngingol (jaɓɓal, keɓindagol geɗe loowdi ɗee, ɓeto, tammorɗe/kaɓirɗe)Janngugol (jumtugol/kaangol golle ɗee, tolno keɓindagol geɗe loowdi ɗee, ngonirkaaji e jikkuuji janngooɓe ɓee)

Tonngira toɓɓe bitaaɗe ɗee kelme/nate/kaatume ɗe ɓe mbaɗani ko’e mu’en.

Gollal gooto gooto

Golle goomuujiGostondiral

Eggingol (sottingol)/Naattingol

Heblude/darnude winndannde mago holliroowo fijo peewtingol ɓurdondire ñiŋaaɗe ɗee e nder winndannde hee.

Kebla mago ngoo, ɓe pija ngo Golle

goomuuji

Fijirde ngonkinagol/baɗkinagol

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FANNUURE/ROGERE 6

CELLAL RENNDO, TAARIINDI E ƁAMTAARE DUUMOTOONDE

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« Yimɓe fof na njiɗi daɗndude tummbeere leydi ndee, kono alaa jiɗɗo tellinde pubelaaji ɗii.», (Jean Yanne)32

32 Jean Yanne. [cc…]

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CELLAL RENNDO, TAARIINDI E ƁAMTAARE DUUMOTOONDE1- Cellal renndo e taariindi

2- Ɓamtaare duumotoonde

Naatirde Nde wonnoo ɗum mahii ko e haqiiqa ndaɗɗudi mbo potal e baasgol heedi-heeda, denndaangal ko woni koo hakke taariindi, geɗe nguurndam e needi, hakke e ɓamtaare, e cellal e jam fof, wonaa e neɗɗanke guurɗo oo e renndo tan ɗum faanditaa, kono kay ko e neɗɗanke no woniri leñol tagoore ɗum faanditaa. Ko ɗuum waɗi haa, Sarɗi Afrik mbo Hakkeeji Aadee e Jamaaji/leƴƴi na siwtonira wonde « leƴƴi ɗii/jamaaji ɗii fof na njogii hakke e taariindi njumtundi, kuuɓtidinndi, moƴƴundi e ɓamtaare majji ».Kono noon, e nder wonorde nde nganndu-ɗaa majjere e humpito bonngo na mbaawi wonande nguurndam ɗam reppere mawnde, geɗe cellal renndo e taariindi nduumotoondi ɗee, ko ɗum casol manngol hannde, teeŋti noon e nder Afrik mbo worgo Saharaa, haa arti noon e nder diiwaan hirnaange Afrik oo. Portokol CEDEAO jowitiiɗo oo e demokarasi e peewal laamu hollitii wonde, jam, deeƴre politik e potondiral renndo, mbaawataa woodde ɗo aldaa e sarɗiiji peewal laamu.E nder ɗoon joopannde haa jooni, ardiiɓe aduna ɓee, saanga Batu rommaaki Ujunannde Dowlaaji Dennduɗi mbo settammbar 2002 oo, ɓe ngaadondirii e winnditaade ɗeen geɗe e nder diɗɗal paandale baawɗe ɓeteede, dottanaaɗe happu, ginniraaɗe Paandale Ujunannde ngam Ɓamtaare (OMD).Dowlaaji Afrik Hirnaange ɗii, so ɗi ngoodii wallitde e ɓamtaare, maa ɗi ƴetta pellitte kaanɗe faade e haɓtaade ɓeydagol baasal, ñabbuuji koɗdaaɗi e gar’ari, ceŋgingol to batte ngalu-e-faggu, ko nganndu-ɗaa koo ko kamɗum ɓuri heewde ko saabatoo ƴellitagol luhre ɗee, kam e baasgol deeƴre ; ɗuum fof, tawa eɗi mbaɗiri ɗum dartingol cellal wonannde fof’en, peccondirgol ngaluuji e potondiral, tiiɗtingol cañondiral renndo kam e demokarasi.

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Geɗel ɓurngel wonde ngoƴa ngel, e nder ndeen ɗoon fiɓre, woni lelnugol e cihnugol politikaaji jumtuɗi, nafooji, mbaawɗi safrude caɗeele cellal renndo ɗee, tawa ina nawori bannge taariindi ceniindi, nduumotoondi.Fawaade e ndeen ɗoon yi’annde miijo, yuɓɓo jaŋde e pinal wonande kala Dowla CEDEAO, na foti waɗtorde ɗeen ɗoon geɗe goodɗe, kadi naattina ɗe e nder lelngooji jaŋde, kam e lelnaaɗe heblo wonande heblooɓe e janngooɓe kala.Ko e nder ngoo ɗoo runnjo, ndee ɗoo tiitoonde toɗɗii cellal renndo, kam e jotondire mum e taariindi, e nder yi’annde yuɓɓiyankoore faade e ɓamtaare duumotoonde.


Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam moƴƴitingol cellal renndo e ɓamtaare duumotoonde

Les-tiitooɗe fannuure ndee

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Cellal renndo e taariindi Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ɓamtaare duumtoonde

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Les-tiitoonde 1 : Cellal renndo e taariindi Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :

Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam moƴƴitingol cellal renndo e ɓamtaare duumotoonde.


Heɓtinde denndaangal caɗeele taariindi ɗee Heɓtinde denndaangal caɗeele cellal renndoɗee Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde caɗeele cellal renndo ɗee e taariindi Heɓindaade peeje karalle e golle denntugol taariindi Ƴellitde golle kisnal taariinde, e ñiiɓnugol cr Jogaade jikkuuji kellifaaɗi, faade e caɗeele taariindi e cellal renndo ɗee.

Geɗe loowdi

I. CR

a. Anndinoore

Cellal renndo na waawi anndinireede no heewi. Ina waawi toɗɗoree wonde « oo gaa bannge, wiɗto sababuuji to batte ɓanndu, hakkille-e-renndo kam e renndo-e-pinal wonande cellal yimɓe ; oo too bannge, golle e baɗle ngam moƴƴitinde cellal yimɓe ngal ». Walla kadi, « gollal renndo juɓɓinongal, toɗɗingal ƴellitgol, deentugol, kam e, so woodii, gartirgol cellal yimɓe heeriiɓe, goomuuji, walla jamaa oo fof ».Ina waawi siwtonireede kadi, won anndinoore nde Charles-Edward Winslow tottirnoo e nder jaaynde wi’eteende « Gannda [Science] » e hitaande 1920 : « Cellal renndo ko ganndal e ñeeñal paltagol ñabbuuji, juuttingol balɗe, kam e ƴellitgol cellal e jumtugol ɓalli, tawa ɗum rewraa ko e jahdadingol doole jamaa oo/renndo ngoo, ngam cennugol taariindi ndii, ƴeewtagol jonɗe e nder jamaa hee, neegol neɗɗo oo faade e haqiiqaaji la’aare makko, juɓɓingol sarwisaaji ñawndiigu e ñawndooɓe ɗii, ngam yaawde yiitude e safrude ñabbuuji ɗii gila njottaaki, ƴellitgol peeje renndo baawooje tabitinande mbo kala tolno nguurndam kaanɗo ngam ñiiɓnugol cellal, tawa faandaare sakkitiinde ndee ko waɗde feere haa gooto kala waawa tabitinde hakke makko jibidinaaɗo oo, faade e cellal e njuut-mbalu. »33 Fawaade e ndee ɗoo yi’annde, OMS [Fedde Cellal Aduna, FCA], caggal nde waɗi joɗnde goomu gollal e hitaande 1952, teeŋtinii faayiida potɗo oo waɗteede e needi neɗɗo e dente kala, e ko faati e cellal ; kono, fedde ndee ɓurii teskaade fof wonde miijooji jowitiiɗi e kisnugol cellal renndo ɗii ; ngool

33 Saphir Développement, Assistance en Santé publique. [cc..]

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ɗoon jajjitagol yahi haa naamnii tippondigol, e nder yuɓɓo wooto, denndaangal calti golle cellal ɗii : paltagol, cafrugol ñawɓe, eeltitgol ñooŋɓe.Gila ndeen noon, yimɓe ɓeydii waɗtorde wonde juɓɓingol safaruuji cellinooje ne, ɗum jeyaa ko e darɗe ɓurɗe teeŋtande CELLAL RENNDO ɗee.Kono tan noon, ina moƴƴi laaɓtinde wonde cellal renndo na ɓuri seertude kadi e ñawndiigu doktoreeɓe, e dow geɗe ɗiɗi :

Cellal renndo ɓuri teeŋtinde ko paltagol e dow ñawndugo/cafrugol ;Cellal renndo yahnata ko jaɓɓal faade e jamaa, tawa wonaa toppitagol

cellal yimɓe gooto gooto.

b. Caɗeele cellal renndo e nder Afrik worgo Saharaa

Ñande 20 noowammbar 2006, OMS feññinii ciimtol jowitiingol /rappoor jowtiiɗo e cellal « 738 miliyoŋ Afriknaaɓe »34 ngal.Hannde oo, jamaa duundal Afrik ngal na iimee e 1.073.487 aadee35. Leyɗeele terɗe CEDEAO 15 ɗee na njogii jamaa tolniiɗo e 322.990.000 neɗɗo.36

OMS na teŋtinnoo, e nder ciimtol hee, wonde ɓamtaare to ngalu-e-faggudu, wonande Dowlaaji terɗe diiwaan OMS « Afrik » ɗii, waawata rewtan ko cellal yimɓe majji ɓurngal moƴƴude. Sabu ɗum, wallifiiɓe ɓee mbi’i, « cellal bonngal naatnat yimɓe ɓee e taarol musiiba baasal : baasgol laaɓde, ɓeydagol baasal, tilfaare wonkeeje limlimte, ustagol jeñcinal golle… ».De noon, caɗeele cellal renndo e Afrik ɗee na poti no leydi. Ngonka ka nganndu-ɗaa, ɓuri ka saabaade fof ko teddeendi ñabbuuji daaɓooji ɗii, fof noon VIH/SIDA, jontinooje e ɗoyru : ɗiin ñabbuuji barooji hakke miliyoŋaaji 3 aadee e kala hitaande. E nder ɓeen ne, ko ɓuri koo heewde ko cukaloñ keccoñ e sukaaɓe, « luhre njogitaaje ɗee, e baaskgol laaɓde yuɓɓooji cellal ɗii », fof na ndooki ɗumen.

c. Needi njowitiindi e cellalNeedi njowitiindi e cellal, ina addana janngoowo oo heɓde gannde e jikkuuji jojjuɗi ɗii ngam :

faltaade ngonka reppere, reentaade ; wallude goɗɗo e daɗde, ƴellitde hakkille yuurnito waawde ƴettude pellitte kellifaaɗe, waawande hoore mum.

Needi njowitiindi e cellal, tammbii ɗum ko jaɓɓal kuuɓtidinngal cellungal, mahingal e jookli jeeɗiɗi (07) ɓurɗi teeŋtude :

la’aare nguurndam needi to batte ñaamde, kam e ƴellitgol baɗle coftal ɓalli needi to batte ngonam, heɓde e geɗe deental jibingol, paltagol IST

[ñabbuuji keɓreteeɗi ngonam, ÑKN] e SIDA paltagol baɗle goosnooje e bone paltagol jikkuuji baawɗi reppinde

34 L’OMS penchée sur les Africains. [cc…]35 L’OMS penchée sur les Africains. [cc…]36 Census.gov. People and Household [cc…]

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ballitgol faltaade e haɓtaade kargugol rewɓe paltagol baasal wonde e jam needi paatundi e gongol kellifaaɗo/baawɗo defaade, so reppere waɗii

(heblo faatungo e daɗndungol gadanol).

II. TAARIINDI

a. Anndinoore

Yvette Veyret, ganndo-leydi, Actes du Colloque –Eduquer à l’environnement, vers un développement durable [Neede e ko faati e taariindi, faade e ɓamtaare duumotoonde], 17-19 deesammburu 2003 :« wonande ganndo-leydi mbo ngon-mi oo, taariindi ina naatti e ganndal renndo, baɗngal e ne’annde fiɓre maggal renndo e aadeeɓe. Ndeen noon, ngaal ganndal na foti waɗtorde jotondire gonɗe ɗee hakkunde aadeeɓe e nokku oo/sato ngoo, so ko tabitngoo walla tawaango (weeyo, ndiyam, kaaƴe, taaro leydi).

Ɗeen ɗoon jotondire, ko ɗe jilɓiiɗe, sabu eɗe naatni taarik/daartol juutngol, daartol tagoore e renndooji. Neɗɗinal tummbeere leydi ngal, ko ɗum geɗal manngal ɗo en ɗoo, geɗal naamningal miijtagol e won diɗɗal kelme e kelmiije, ko wa’i no sahaa ndiga [fuɗɗorde] mbo keewceeral nguurndam, puɗi e leɗɗe, walla batte neɗɗinal ngal.37

Miijnoore daartol, ko ko teeŋti, so artaama tan e geɗe taariindi : annda-leydi’en ɓee, ko ɓe dartiyankooɓe/ganniyankooɓe/taarikiyankooɓe ne. Njaajeendi dingiral leydi ngal ne, ko ɗum huunde woodannde fayiida annda-leydi’en ɓee. Liggaade e ko faati koo e taariindi, ko ɗum kadi miijtaade e toɓɓere njuɓɓudi dingiral ndii, kam e peewnugol leydi e ɓamtaare. Waɗde noon, toɓɓere taariindi ndee, tuugnii ko e miijnooje nayi teeŋtuɗe :

miijtagol e ngaluuji, tawa fayiida mum no ƴeewraa bannge njuɓɓudi dingiral e peewnugol leydi ;

miijnoore teppooje : geɗe ɗooɗde leydi na mbaawi wontande peewnugol ngol teppooje

miijnoore : reppere/kulhuli miijnoore wiiwo [ladde] e ndonaandi.

Ɗee ɗoo miijnooje na naatti e hurum golliyankooɓe heewɓe, kam e luhre. Ina en/amen woodani bannge leydi-e-politik mawɗo, e nder tiitoonde taariindi ndee. »

b. Needi njowitiindi e taariindi Ganndinooje helmiire ndee

« Needi/jaŋde yowitiinde e taariindi woni ɓosɓosal keɓtingol ɓure, e laɓɓitingol kelmiije, ƴellitooje ɗee mbaawkaaji e ngonirkaaji jojjuɗi ɗii ngam faamde e ƴeewtindaade jotondire gonɗe ɗee hakkunde yimɓe, pinal mu’en, e gonorɗe mu’en nguurndam e nokkuuji ɗee.

Needi njowitiindi e taariindi ndii, ina soomi kadi jaɓɓal baawgol fellitde, e keblugol hoore mum to jikku, fawaade e mbaadi taariindi ndii. » (IUCN Union

37 L’anthropisatio [cc…]

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Internationale pour la conservation de la nature [Dental hakkunde-leyɗe ngam deentugol tagoore ladde], 1971).« Needi njowitiindi e taariindi, e nder yi’annde Ɓamtaare Duumotoonde, ko ɗum needi [jaŋde e pinal] ngardinndi ɓure. Taƴe jaŋde ɗe ndottaten ɗee, poti faanditaade ko hakkilinde yimɓe ɓee wonde Leydi ko ɗum jawdi ndenndaandi, ndi pot-ɗen aynude, kadi aadeeɓe fof na nanngondiri hakkunde mu’en e ndii ɗoo Lydi e ko wuuri heen koo fof. Ndiin ɗoon needi na foti joofnude yimɓe e baawangol ko’e mu’en, ko nganndu-ɗaa koo ko kamɗum waɗata haa neɗɗo oo miijtanoo, taƴna, gollanoo hoore mum. Hindi foti joofnude en e defagol, baɗatngol en e nder gollal ngol ; hindi foti waɗde haa ɓiyleydi’en ɓee fof ngona jogitiiɓe ɓure demokarasi ɗee, kadi ɓe ngona rennduɓe e kala sahaa ngam sihnude ɗe. »38

Paandale needi njowitiindi e taariindi ɗeeNeedi njowitiindi e taariindi ndii, woni paandale mayri ko wallude goomuuji renndo ɗii e yimɓe ɓolɓe ɓee e :- Hakkilde e taariindi e kuuɓal, kam e caɗeele jowitiiɗe heen ɗee ; newnude

hirjino mu’en e ɗeen ɗoon geɗe- Heɓde humpito nguurndam heewseerngo, kam e ganndal tiiɗngal faade e

taariindi e geɗe jowitiiɗe heen ɗee- heɓde paaml ɓure, e miijooji nafoore, wonande taariindi, mbele yimɓe ɓee

na mbaawa waɗde juuɗe mu’en, no haanirta nii, e moƴƴitingol e deentugol taariindi ndii.

- Heɓde mbaawkaaji jojjuɗi ɗii ngam ganndugol e cafrugol caɗeele taariindi ɗee

- Wallitde e dañangol caɗeele taariinde ɗee safaruuji.

38 Plaquette de l’ONG Planet’Etre [cc…]

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Les –tiitoonde 1 : Cellal renndo e taariindi

LELNUGOL FANNUURE NDEELes –tiitoonde 1 : Cellal renndo e taariindi Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam moƴƴitingol cellal renndo ngal.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol : Heɓtinde denndaangal caɗeele taariindi ɗee Heɓtinde denndaangal caɗeele cellal renndo ɗee Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde caɗeele cellal renndo ɗee e taariindi Heɓindaade peeje karalle e golle denntugol taariindi Ƴellitde golle kisnal taariinde, e ñiiɓnugol cr Jogaade jikkuuji kellifaaɗi, faade e caɗeele taariindi e cellal renndo ɗee.

Happu paanditaaɗo : w 14

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde : jaayndeeji fannuyankooji, taƴe jaayndeeji, nanondiral CEDEA juurnitangal ngal, kala duttorɗe kaanɗe jowitiiɗe e caɗeele/alhaaliiji taariindi.


Taƴe jaŋde

Baawɗe/karalleeje

Geɗe loowdi Peeje Happu

1 - Heɓinddade miijnooje : taariindi, cr

Miijinooje e kelmiije jowitiiɗe cellal renndo e taariindi


- Golle goomuuji

-Joorngo miijooji

naamnital/anket

W 2

2 Heɓtinde caɗeele taariindi e cellal renndo ɗee

Caɗeele taariindi e cellal renndo ɗee W 2

3 Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde caɗeele taariindi e ɗe cellal ɗee

-Baɗle neɗɗo bonnooje ɗee taariindi

-Batteeji nuskagol taariindi e dow cellal renndo ɗii

W 2

4 Miijtaade peeje ƴellitgol taariindi ceniindi, kam e politikaaji cellal renndo moƴƴi

Peeje golle ƴellitgol cellal renndo moƴƴal W 2

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- Gostondiral dallinangal

5 Naattinde toɓɓere/tiitoonde taariindi e cellal renndo ndee e nder golle janngingol ɗee

-Juurnitagol kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol ɗee, e kala tolno-baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol-jahnugol sahaaji golle janngingol/janngugol-ɓetgol sahaaji golle janngingol tokosol ngolBaɗgol ɗereeji janngingol peewtinaaɗi.

W 6

YERU ƊEREWOLJANNGINGOL

Les-tiitoonde 1 : Cellal renndo e taariindi Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam moƴƴitingol cellal renndo ngal.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee / ngonka janngugol : Geɗe/caɗeele taariindi e cr.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol : Heɓtinde geɗe/caɗeele taariindi ɗee Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde geɗe/caɗeele taariindi ɗee e cellal renndo.


KARALLEHakkille (Gannde) Jikkuuji (ngonirkaaji) Karalleeje (baawɗe)-Anndinde cr-Anndinde helmiire

taariindi

-Jogitaade jikkuuji kellifaaɗi, ɗoftiiɗi taariindi kam e jamiraaɗe jowitiiɗe e cr

-faaminde geɗe/caɗeele/alhaali taariindi e cr-jokkondirde taariindi e cr.-addude daliilaaji ngam ƴellitgol taariindi ceniindi.

Happu ɗaminaaɗo: w 3

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde : jaayndeeji fannuyankooji, taƴe jaayndeeji, nanondiral CEDEAO juurnitangal ngal, kala duttorɗe kaanɗe jowitiiɗe e caɗeele/alhaaliiji taariindi e cr.

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Daawe GOLLE PEEJE Kebloowo oo Janngooɓe ɓee

Juurnitagol keɓeteeɗe/keɓaaɗe

Ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijinooje taariindi e cellal renndo potɗe janngeede ɗee

-Njaabtoo naamne ɗee

-Peññina, gonstondira e won caɗeele

-Q.C.M-Golle

denndaaɗe-Gostondiral

guurngal- Joorngo

miijooji

Baɗgol e ngonka

1. Caggal sifaa nokku nguurndam janngooɓe ɓee, walla njillu jatti, walla ƴeetindagol nate, fotooje, jowitiiɗe e ngonkaaji taariindi keewɗi ceerɗi, kebloowo oo, fawaade e naamne gudditiiɗe :-Heɓtinina/feññinina caɗeele taariindi, waɗa doggol naamne jowitiiɗe ɗee e deentugol taariindi, tawa na jotondiri e cr.-heɓtinina/feññinina casi mawɗi jowitiiɗi ɗii e taariindi kam e cr.

2. Kebloowo oo fecca janngooɓe ɓee e goomuuji tiitooɗe nayi (04) :

-ganndingol e toppital nokku/sato-deentugol e ñiiɓnigol taariindi, kam e nafoore needi njowitiindi e taariindi-jotondiral hakkunde cellal renndo e taariindi - caɗeele cr e ɗe taariindi, e tolno ngenndi e winndere kala.

-goomu e goomu, janngooɓe ɓee kaala ko nganndi e caɗeele e casi tcr.-E dow ballal kebloowo oo, janngooɓe ɓee keɓtina geɗe jowitiiɗe ɗee e cellal renndo e taariindi .Fawaade e juurnitagol duttorɗe ɗe ɓe tottaa ɗee, kam e gostondire goomuuji ɗee, janngooɓe ɓee ngolla e naamne ɗe goomuuji mu’en tottaa ɗee, ɓe mbinnda ciimtol mu’en.

Joorngo miijoojiGolle goomu

Ƴeewtindagol,Naamne-e-jaabawuu

Wiɗto duttorɗe (bainndannɗe e elektoronik)Gostondiral nder goomuuji

Gostondiral e nder batu dental

Gostondiral dallinangal

Kirjingol golle nder goomuuji/Gartirgol gollegoomuuji /gostondiral

Kebloowo oo rokka heen gooto kala e goomuuji ɗii dumunna, ngam artirde njeñcudi golle mum.

Goomu kala hollira gollal mum, kadi jaaɓtoo nammne janngidiiɓe woɗɓe ɓee.

Tiiɗtingol/Tonngol

Kebloowo oo sellina toɓɓe kawraaɗe ɗee, fawaade e tiitoonde janngaande ndee, kadi ɓeyda heen miijnooje.

Oon sahaa :-kebloowo oo sihna :-kelmiije teeŋtuɗe jowitiiɗe ɗee e cellal renndo e taariindi ;-golle toppitagol e deentugol nokku ɗee, kam e faayiida

Janngooɓe ɓee tiiɗtina jeñcule keɓaaɗe ɗee, ɓe mbaɗa tonngol keɓe kese ɗee :- kelmiije teeŋtuɗe jowitiiɗe ɗee e cellal renndo e taariindi ;- golle toppitagol e deentugol nokku

Gostondiral miijooji hakkunde goomuuji

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majje ;-Jahnirɗi deentugol taariindi to batte ngenndi, diiwaan (CEDEAO) e aduna ;-jokkondiral hakkunde taariindi, cr e ɓamtaare ;-Ɓure jowitiiɗe e taariindi ɗee ;-Faayiida needi (jaŋde e pinal), njowitiindi e cellal renndo e taariindi , ko jaggiraa koo wonde gooto e hakkeeji aadee.

ɗee, kam e faayiida majje ; - Jahnirɗi deentugol taariindi to batte ngenndi, diiwaan (CEDEAO) e aduna- jokkondiral hakkunde taariindi, cr e ɓamtaare ;- Ɓure jowitiiɗe e taariindi ɗee ;-Faayiida needi (jaŋde e pinal), njowitiindi e cellal renndo e taariindi , ko jaggiraa koo wonde gooto e hakkeeji aadee.

Beto /bilaa Kebloowo oo rokkira golle ɓeto e ndii ɗoo mbaadi :-naamne guddiiɗe, NJK-baɗal e ngonka ngal saɗtaani, ngm ƴeewtaade keɓe jowitiiɗe ɗee faayiida ñiiɓnugol taariindi fawaade e jotondire mum e cr, kam e ɓure gonɗe heen ɗee.

Janngooɓe ɓee njaabtoroo binndol, e goomuuji walla gooto gooto.

-mbaɗa tammborgal.

Naamne-e-jaabawuuji

Gollal gooto gooto walla goomu

Eggingol/Naattingol

Jannginoowo oo :-wallita e darnude kolob Cellal oo, kolob ekolosiWinndina tiitoonde taariindi e cellal ndee e nder golle kolobaaji pinal ɗii.

Janngooɓe ɓee ndarna kolob Cellal ekolosi, mbo janngirde mu’en walla leegal mu’en.

-Batu- Gostondiral-fijirde gonkinagol

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ɓamtaare duumotoondeMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam ɓd.


Heɓtinde newnooje paayodinɗe ɗee wonande ɓamtaare duumotoonde Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde taariindi e ɓd Heɓindaade peeje karalle, e golle denntugol taariindi Sifaade fannuuji cihnal ɓd Heɓtinde golle jowitiiɗe e taariindi e cr laaɓtuɗe jowitiiɗe e ɓd, e nder

nokkere, diwwan walla leydi Rokkirde miijo e golle laaɓtuɗe wonande taariindi ceniindi, njerondirndi. Fellitde ƴellitde ɓamtaare duumotoonde e nder taariindi mum.

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Geɗe loowdi

Ɓda. Anndinoore[Yvette Veyret, ganndo-leydi, Actes du Colloque –Eduquer à l’environnement, vers un développement durable [Neede e ko faati e taariindi, faade e ɓamtaare duumotoonde], 17-19 deesammburu 2003 :« Miijnoore ɓamtaare duumotoonde ndee, ko goonga, ende kam ɗeɓi waɗde niɓre ɓernde seeɗa.Go’o go’o, mi siwtorina wonde ɓamtaare duumotoonde ko ɗum miijnoore nde ekolosista’en miijii, tuggi koo e kitaale 1970’en, ko adii rappoor Brundtland, sabaabu nde batte bonɗe ɗe feere men kisnal addani mbaadi tummbeere/weeyoore ndee e renndooji ɗii kala. Jaɓɓal ngal mahii e dow teskuyaaji ɓurɗi bonde, tawi kadi ko kuuɓtidinɗi, e ko ɓuri heewde. Ɗiɗi ɗiɗi, won bannge needi ngonɗo e nder ne’aande miijnoore ɓamtaare duumotoonde ndee. Ɗuum woni waɗde peewtinal wonande ɓurondire ɗee, e potondiral wonande fof’en. Jaɓɓal ngal tuugnii ko e peŋɗe tati : ekolosi, ngalu e renndo.Tati tati, waawaa wi’eede wonde ɓamtaare duumotoonde ko ɗum lowre wiɗto wonande ganndal, sabu ɗum waɗaani ɓaarorɗe/ɓetirɗe ganndal. Nde kitaale 1980’en ɗee ngari e gasde ndee tan, dumunna seeɗa caggal nde helmiire ndee fuɗɗi yaajde, taw ko yahata e capanɗe nayi (40) anndinoore fuɗɗiim heedañeede, tawi nde heen kala yahdi ko won miijo, fawaade faayiida, mawɗo walla tokooso, mbo liberalisma tottaanoo [e oon jamaanu].Nayi nayi, ɓamtaare duumotoonde na waawi joofnude e jaɓɓe ceertuɗe no feewi/sanne e nder leyɗeele galɗuɗe ɗee, kam e nder diiwanuuji baasɗi ɗii. E nder galɗuɗe ɗee, fannuyankooɓe e wiɗtooɓe ɓee ngaddata ko toɓɓere ñiiɓnugol jahral yeeso ngalu-e-faggudu hannde nduu. Laabi carɗingol ɗii ina tan ngoni e ɓeydaade toon, e kala tolno. Miijo mbaadi nguurndam ɓurndi moƴƴude (e firo mum ɓurngo yaajde, faamirteengo mbaadi ɓurndi moƴƴude wonande tummbeere leydi men ndee), yimɓe na mbeeɓaa jaɓde ngo, kadi ngo waɗtoraa e nder needi (jaŋde e pinal). E nder leyɗeele gonɗe e ɓamtaade ɗee noon, ina waɗi naamnal cuɓagol ñemmbirde naglu. Mbele en ngegginat/toknat toon ñemmbirde men ɓamtaare ndee ? Mbele eɗen mbaawi jaɓde wonde, ngoƴaaji ɗiin ɗoon jamaaji ɗii, na mbaawi safreede, tawa ɓamtaare ñemmbaade e nde men ndee sihnaaka toon ? Mbele miijo na waawi jaggude goodgol laamu adunankeewu, baawoowo reentude tummbeere leydi ndee e keewceeral ngurndam ngal kala ? Hono oon ɗoon laamu, ina feññina toɓɓere naamnal ko yowitii e naattinal ɓiyleydi, kam e mbaadi laamu.Ɓd, hono no wagginirtee nii e nder leyɗeele galɗuɗe ɗee, ko ɗum saɗeende wonande leyɗeele gonɗe e ɓamtaade ɗee : sabu ngoƴa ñiiɓnugol keewceeral nguurndam kaa, ina adda baɗgol doggi limto ganndal luggiɗinaaɗi, ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ɗii ko dañde berweeji wiɗto ɓuri wonde faandaare majji e dow deentugol yimɓe. Ndeen noon, neɗɗo na waawi haaweede, e dow teyde tooña/yiɗde irtude njarka, mbele wonaa ko mbaadi « jiimgol kesol/koloñalisma keso » wonaa e sihneede ko moggii koo e kelmeendi hee. Waɗi ɗum noon ko, ɓamtaare duumotoonde na ummina toɓɓere naatgol e

136

geɗe janane nngol. Naatgol e geɗe janane, wone e golliyankooɓe leyɗeele Rewo ɗee wagginooɓe ɗum faade e won e leyɗeele Worgo mbele eɗe kisna keewceeral nguurndam ngal.Waɗde noon, mi waɗaani sikki-sakka haa no feewi, sabu miɗo jaɓi won e toɓɓe – geɗe loowdi e nder ndee ɗoo miijnoore. Kono, fawaade e wiɗtooji am cakkitiiɗi ɗii, pot-mi tan ko jogaade heen reentaare. »]

b. Needi njowitiindi e ɓd

Needi njowitiindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde (NƁD) ina wallita e faamde jilɓere aduna ndee, to banngeeji mum ganndal, needi e ɓiyleegal. Nde wonnoo ko ndi taccukeeriiri, endi woni e nder porogaramuuji janngingol ɗii.Paamugol jotondire hakkunde geɗe taariindi, ngalu, renndo-e-pinal ɗee, ina foti wallude janngooɓe ɓee e ɓurde teskaade :

Pawtondiral gonngal hakkunde renndooji aadeeɓe ɗiiFotde jogitaade jikkuuji baɗtortooɗi ɗeen ɗoon jerondire/potondireFaayiida gonɗo oo e nanngondiral kuuɓtidinngal aduna oo fof.

Faandaare needi njowitiindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde ko hokkude ɓiyleydi garoowo oo no o waɗiri suɓngooji makko, tawa omo jogtii miijooji baɗtorɗi toɓɓe ɓamtaare duumotoonde jilɓiiɗe ɗee, baawooji ɗun wallude e ƴettude pellitte, gollirde deeƴre hakkille e kellifaagal, so won ko e nder nguurndam mum kam e hoore mum, wall so won e nder yimɓe renndo.

LELNUGOL FANNUURE NDEELes-tiitoonde 2 : Ɓamtaare duumotoondeMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam ɓd.


Heɓtinde newnooje paayodinɗe ɗee wonande ɓamtaare duumotoonde Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde taariindi e ɓd Heɓindaade peeje karalle, e golle denntugol taariindi Sifaade fannuuji cihnal ɓd Heɓtinde golle jowitiiɗe e taariindi e cr laaɓtuɗe jowitiiɗe e ɓd, e nder

nokkere, diwwan walla leydi Rokkirde miijo e golle laaɓtuɗe wonande taariindi ceniindi, njerondirndi. Fellitde ƴellitde ɓamtaare duumotoonde e nder taariindi mum.

Happu : w 16

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe :Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee, taƴe jaayndeeji, caggitorɗe, nate e fotooje, tammorɗe ojowiisel, binndaaɗe laawol jowitiiɗe e taariindi e ɓd, kuutorɗe sariya ngenndiije e diiwaniije : sarɗi Afrik mbo Hakkeeji Aadee e jamaaji mbo 27

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suwee 1986 ; Eeraango RIO, 1992, Agenda 21 ; Gaadondiral Bâle ngal 22 marsa 1989, jowitiingal e Korgol jahli tacca-keeriiji wonande goppe tookaaɗe, kam e cuytingol majje ; Gaadondire jowitiiɗe e kaɗgol jiggoyde ngaddaa goppe tookaaɗe/bonɗe e nder Afrik, ekn.


Taƴe Baawɗe/karalle Geɗe loowdi Peeje Happu1 -anndinde miijnooje

ɓdMiijnooje jowitiiɗe e ɓamtaare duumotoonde e taariindi

Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet)

- Golle goomu

- Joorngo miijooji

- Anket/naamnital

-Gostondiral

W 2

2 Heɓtinde kla caɗeele jowitiiɗe e baasgol sihnude ɓd

Teppooje ɓamtaare duumotoonde pawiiɗe e taariindi

W 2

3 Waɗde jokkondiral hakkunde geɗe taariindi ɗee e cihnugol ɓamtaare duumotoonde ngol

Batte nuskagol taariindi e dow ɓd

W 2

4 Miijtaade peeje ƴellitgol ɓamtaare duumotoonde

Peeje gollal ƴellitgol ɓd.W 4

5 Naattingol fiɓre ɓamtaare duumotoonde ndee e nder golle janngingol

-Silo kuutorɗe jaŋde e janngingol tolnooji ɗii kala -baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol-jahnugol sahaaji golle janngingol/janngugol-ɓetgol sahaaji golle janngingol tokosol ngol-baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol peewtinaaɗi.

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YERU ƊEREWOLJANNGINGOL

Les-tiitoonde 2 : Ɓamtaare duumotoondeMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure e miijnooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji kisnal taariindi moƴƴal ngam ɓd.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol :Waɗde lelngo golle ngam ƴellitgol ɓd

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Tiitoonde winndannde ndee/ngonka janngugol : Ƴellitgol ɓd


KARALLEHakkille jikkuuji Karalleeje

-Anndinde ɓd-Heɓtinde geɗe taariindi nokku mum

-jogaade jikku ɓiyleydi, e nder kisnugol taariindi ngol

-Feññinde heertoo sifaaji ɓamtaare duumotoonde ɗii

-Waɗde golle toppitagol e cennugol e nder nokku mum

Happu : w 06

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe :Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee, taƴe jaayndeeji, caggitorɗe, nate e fotooje, tammorɗe ojowiisel, binndaaɗe laawol jowitiiɗe e taariindi e ɓd, kuutorɗe sariya ngenndiije e diiwaniije : sarɗi Afrik mbo Hakkeeji Aadee e jamaaji mbo 27 suwee 1986 ; Eeraango RIO, 1992, Agenda 21 ; Gaadondiral Bâle ngal 22 marsa 1989, jowitiingal e Korgol jahli tacca-keeriiji wonande goppe tookaaɗe, kam e cuytingol majje ; Gaadondire jowitiiɗe e kaɗgol jiggoyde ngaddaa goppe tookaaɗe/bonɗe e nder Afrik, ekn.


DAAWE GOLLE PEEJE Kebloowo oo janngooɓe ɓee


Ƴeewtagol tolno e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade miijnooje potɗe janngeede ɗee

Njaabtoo naamne ɗeePeññina, gonstondira e ɓd

-NJKGollal gooto gooto

Joorngo miijoojiGostondiral e weeytaare

Baɗgol e ngonka

-Hokkira ngonka potka waɗeede walla gayaawe e nate ƴeewtinteeɗe-wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo kollit pawtondiral hakkunde neɗɗo e taariindi mum ngal Kebloowo oo addana janngooɓe ɓee tammborɗe jaŋde kumpitooje, jowitiiɗe e taariindi (taariindi laaɓndi, ciccundi, anndinoore, mbaadi nguurndam, baawgol jogaade …) kam e ɓd, kadi naamnoo ɓe yo ɓe nganndin taariindi, ɓe peññina sifaaji ɓd.

Janngooɓe ɓee mbaɗa mago ngoo, walla ɓe laartindoo nate e gayaawe ɗee

Kollita pawtondiral hakkunde taariindi e geɗe cr

Janngooɓe ɓe kuutoroo tammborɗe jaŋde ɗee, ɓe njaaɓtoo naamne ɗee

Pijirle gonkinagol

Laartingol

Joorngo miijooji

Golle goomuuji

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Kirjingol golle nder goomuuji/gartirgolgolle goomuuji

-walla e cañondirgol geɗe doɓindaaɗe ɗee, fawaade e kuutorɗe ɗee kala (ƴ. Tammborɗe jaŋde)

Ciimtoowo kala heen goomu hollira ko gollaa koo e :-ganndingol taariindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde ;- limtagol soklaaji yimɓe ɗii : ñaamde, henndu ɓoldu, taariindi laaɓndi ceniindi.-geɗe taariindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde nokkere mu’en ;-kisnugol ngaluuji ;-sababuuji e batte nuskagol taariindi ;Jotondiral hakkunde taariindi e ɓd.

Batu dental gostondiral e jaɓgol golle goomuuji ɗee

Ɓeydugol miijnooje/tiiɗtingol e Tonngol

Kebloowo oo heɗoo ciimti goomuuji ɗii, o adda humpitooji timmitinirɗi toɓɓe kaaldaaɗe ɗee, doolina ɗe, wallita e baŋgol tonngol timminirgol ngol

Janngooɓe ɓee :-njagga golle ɓurɗe ɗee roondaade manaa e waawde waɗeede, wonande ɓamtaare duumotoonde e nder nokku mu’en-pelliti safrude kala saɗeende ɓd-pellita ƴellitde ɓd

Golle denndaaɗeBaɗgol haatumeere tonngol golle.

Beto/bilaa golle ɗee

-rokkira golle ɓeto, e mbaadi baɗgol dosiyee jowitiiɗo e geɗe paatuɗe taariindi maɓɓe ɓadiindi, e golle potɗe waɗeede ngam moƴƴitinde ngonka kaa

Janngooɓe ɓee, e goomuuji, ɗaɓɓita humpitooji jowitiiɗi e gonorɗe taariindi mu’en ndii.

Janngooɓe ɓee mbaɗa lelngo golle ngoo.

Baɗgol dosiyeeji

Golle goomuuji


Kebloowo oo waɗna lelngo golle (golle potɗe waɗeede, kaɓirɗe, alluwal happuuji, jaggidiiɓe, rewindo e ɓeto) ngam moƴƴitingol taariindi janngirde mu’en, tawa ina jahdi e ɓd.

Kebla mago ngoo, ɓe pija ngo Golle

goomuuji

Fijirde ngonkinagol/baɗkinagol

Doggol defte fannuure : Cellal renndo, taariindi e ɓamtaare duumotoonde[cc..]

Doggol tufle web fannuure : Cellal renndo, taariindi e ɓamtaare duumotoondeAnndinoore helmiire ndee[cc..]

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Taariindi[cc..]

Ɓamtaare duumotoonde[cc..]

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FANNUURE 7TIPPONDIRAL DIIWAAN[IWAL]

« Ndeen noon, ina haani fedde ndee… (CEDEAO) … rokkee mbaawkaaji e juɓɓule jiima-ngenndiije, mbele ende tabitina cihnugol taƴne/pellitte ɗee, kam e joofondiral/poomondiral politikaaji dente ɗee .»39

39 Wenceslas Sacré Cœur MONZALA [cc …]

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TIPPONDIRAL DIIWAAN

1 - Yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO2 - Faade e CEDEAO mbo leƴƴi/jamaaji

Naatirde

Gila ɗi keɓi jeytaare majji hakkunde-leyɗe, Dowlaaji doŋre-diiwaan Afrik Hirnaange ɗii cuɓii jaɓɓal politik denndugol, mbele eɗi momta keeri leyɗe ɗi laamuuji tuubakooɓe mbaɗnoo ɗii. Wonnoo ndeen paandale majji, ko darnude hurumaaji diisondiral, ngam tabitingol joopale ɓamtaare denndaaɗe, kadi ɗi keɓa ruuyngo tigi rigi faade e mahgol e tiiɗtingol nanngondiral hakkunde majji. Ngoon ɗoon miijo faandaare, heddii e wonde ginol politik majji gollondiral diiwaaniwal, e nder sappannde sakkitiinde ndee fof.Ngam sihnude batte politik tippondiral ɓurɗe moƴƴande nguurndam dente/renndooji ɗee, kam e waɗde feere haa yimɓe ɓee keɓindoo ɗe no haanirta nii, Hooreeɓe Dowla CEDEAO eɓe jaɓondiri e yi’annde 2020 ngam ummaade e CEDEAO Dowlaaji faade e CEDEAO leƴƴi/jamaaji ɗii.Cosgol juɓɓule diiwaniije e doŋre-diiwaniije, hono Renndo Ngalu Dowlaaji Afrik Hirnaange (CEDEAO), Dental Ngalu-e-Kopporaaje ngal Afrik Hirnaange (UEMOA), Fedde Naftingol Maayo Senegaal (OMVS), Goomu Hakkunde-Dowlaaji ngam Kaɓtagol Yooro e Saahal (CILSS), Ngardiingu Yupporde Maayo Niiseer , ekn., fof ina seedtii/hollirii pelllitgol Dowlaaji hirnaange Afrik ɗii yahdodinde doole majji, ɗi naatana laawol tippondiral tigi rigi.

Mbaawka [toɗɗaaka e] fannuure ndee :

Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji tiiɗtingol tippondiral diiwaan.

Fannuure ndee waɗi ko les-tiitooɗe ɗiɗi :

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1- Yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO2- Faade e CEDEAO mbo leƴƴi/jamaaji

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Les-tiitoonde 1 : Yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO


Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e tabitingol koyɗe CEDEAO.


8- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe ɗee e yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO ;9- Waɗde peeje golle e baɗle newnooje newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e

tabitingol koyɗe CEDEAO ;10- Yahnude golle janngingol newnooje ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e tabitingol

koyɗe CEDEAO [ƴellitgol yi’annde e tabitingol koyngal CEDEAO ] ;11- Jogitaade ngonirkaajie/golle e bɗal newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde e

tabitingol koyngal CEDEAO .

Geɗe loowdi

Hol ko woni CEDEAO Renndo Ngalu Dowlaaji Afrik Hirnaange (CEDEAO), ko ɗum kawtal diiwaan leyɗeele sappo e jowi cosangal e hitaande 1975. Woni koyngal mum/koyɗe/jaɓɓal mum ko ƴellitde tippondiral to ngalu e nder « denndaangal fannuuji gollal ngalu-e-faggu, haa teeŋti noon mbaylaari, taraspoor, telekominikasiyoŋ, enersii, ndema, ngaluuji tawaaɗi, njeeygu/njulaagu, geɗe kaalis e kopporeeje, geɗe renndo e pinal… »E hitaande 1993, mbaawka mum yajjitaama, e nder nanondiral ngal, haa yottii ñiiɓnugol deeƴre diiwaan oo, fawaade e baɗtorgol heen jam e kisal. Ndeen ɗoon feere wonii saabiima ciifgol Portokol 1999, jowitiiɗo oo Jahnirgal paltagol, pewjangol, e cafrugol luhre, kam e ñiiɓnugol jam e kisal.CEDEAO na soomi hannde leyɗeele sappo e jowi (Beneŋ, Burkinaa Fasoo, Gammbi, Gaana, Gine, Gine-Bisawo, Kap-Weer, Koduwaar, Liberiyaa, Mali, Niiseer, Niseriyaa, Senegaal, Siyera Lewoon, Togo). Moritani yaltii CEDEAO e hitaande 2000.Fawaade e ko FMI haali, PIB e denndaangal PPA (Potal Mbaawka Soodde) Dowlaalji terɗe CEDEAO ɗii ina yahakkeeji aadee e 564,86 miliyaar dolaar US, ɗum waɗi ɗum wonde 25e doole ngalu e nder Aduna hee. CEDEAO na huuri 5,1 miliyoŋ km2 wertaango fofof, jogii hakke milyoŋaaji 299 yimɓe hoɗɓe e leyɗeele hee.

Taarik e lasli CEDEAOMiijo cosgol renndo Afrik hirnaange feeñi ko gila e hitaande 1964. Werlii miijo ngoo ko William Tubman, gonnooɗo Persidaa Liberiyaa. Jaɓondiral siifaa hakkunde Koduwaar, Gine, Liberiyaa e Siyeraa Lewon, e lewru feeburyee

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1965, kono ngal yumtaani. E hitaande 1972, Seneraal [mawɗo larme] Gowon mbo Niiseriyaa, e Seneraal Eyadema mbo Togo, tiggitii eɓɓo ngoo, ɓe kebli miijooji golle, ɓe njilloyii leyɗeele 12, eɓe naamnoo ballitte majje, hakkunde lebbi suliyee e ut 1973. Kawral yuɓɓinaa Lome, laamorgo Togo, ngam yuurnitaade miijo nanondiral.Batu fannuyankooɓe [eksepeer’en] e joom’en sariya waɗaa Akara, laamorgo Gaana, e samwiyee 1974, kam kawral Ministeeɓe to Monrowiyaa, laamorgo Siyeraa Lewon ; ɗee ɗoo kawriiɗe ɗiɗi njuurnitii no moƴƴi miijo nanondiral ngoo. Wattindi, leyɗeele sappo e jowi ciifi Nanondiral wonande Renndo Ngalu Dowlaaji Afrik Hirnaange [RDA] (Nanondiral Lagos) ñande 28 mee 1975. Portokoluuji joɗɗingol CEDEAO ɗii ciifaa/ciñaa ko to Lome, leydi Togo, ñande 5 noowammbar 1976. Nanondiral, ƴeewtangal, ngam ɓeydude yaawnude tippondiral ngalu e ɓeydude gollondiral politik siifaa ñande 1993.

CEDEAO ina teskoraa wonde gootal e dosɗe/peŋɗe/ƴaaŋɗe diiwaniije jowi (05) Renndo Ngalu Afrik (AEC) ɗee. COMESA, CEEAS, IGAD, SADC e CEDEAO ciifii Portokol jotondire hakkunde AEC e Renndooji Ngalu Diiwaniiji (CER) e lewru feeburyee 1998.

Paandale e soobeeji CEDEAORDA (CEDEAO), woni faandaare mum ko ƴellitgol gollondiral e tippondirgol to fannu ngalu-e-faggudu, renndo e pinal, ngam wontude dental ngalu e kopporeeje, tawa ɗum rewraa ko tippondiral kuuɓtidinngal wonande ngaluuji ngenndi Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii. Ngaal ɗoon tippondiral na fotnoo ɓurde moƴƴitinde nguurndam yimɓe ɓee, ngal tabitina ƴellitaare ngalu ndee, ƴellita jotondire hakkunde Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii, ngal wallita e jahrugol yeeso e ɓamtaare huuɓtidinnde duundeeri Afrik ndii.Nanondiral ƴeetangal ngal 1993 ngal, potnongal ngal yajjitde gollondiral ngalu e politik e nder Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii, joopii ko ɗee ɗoo paandale ngalu : jooftude e luumo renndaango /marse denndaaɗo, kam e kaalis gooto ; paandale politik ɗee ne ko darnude galle sarɗiiji Afrik Hirnaange, Batu ngalu e renndo, Ñaawirde sariya CEDEAO ngam lomtaade ñaawirde/tirbinaal wonnde ɗoon hannde ndee, kam sihnude taƴnaaɗe renndo ngoo.CEDEAO fawi gollal mum ko e ɗii ɗoo soobeeji ndaɗɗudi :

Potal e jowtondiral Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii Nanngondiral e baawangol hoorem denndangol Gollondiral hakkunde-Dowlaaji Nanndodinal politikaaji e tippondiral porogaramuuji Laaɓtal, potondiral to ngalu e renndo Baasgol tooñondirde hakkunde Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii Ñiiɓnugol jam, deeƴre e kisal Cafrirgol jam luhre e beemondire Dewtagol, ƴellitgol e deentugol hakkeeji neɗɗanke Ƴellitgol e tiiɗtingol demokarasi.

Jaale CEDEAONgam yahnude golle mum, CEDEAO na jogii ɗee ɗoo jaale :

Kawral Hooreeɓe Dowla e Laamu

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Batu jaagorɗe /Konsey de Minsite Koolaaɗo Cihnal Galle Sarɗiiji Renndo ngoo Ñaawire sariya Renndo ngoo Batu Ngalu e Renndo (potɗo soseede) Banke westismaa e ɓamtaare CEDEAO (BIDC) Booñ Ɓamtaare Diiwaaniijo mbo CEDEAO (FRDC) Banke Westismaa Diiwaniijo mbo CEDEAO (BRIC) Asaas Moneteer mbo Afrik Hirnaange (AMAO) Estitii/Mahdi Moneteer mbo/ndi Afrik Hirnaange (IMAO) Fedde Cellal nde Afrik Hirnaange (OOAS) Goomuuji/Komisoŋaaji keeriiɗi ɗii (goomuuji karalli 6) Jahnirgal ngam paltagol, pewjangol e cafrugol luhre, ngam kadi jam e

kisal, jaɓaangal e hitaande 1999 ngal. Juɓɓule jahnirgal ngal ina coomori : Ngardiigu nguu, Koolaaɗo Cihnal oo, Batu gooto ngam maslondiral e kisal mbo Dowlaaji terɗe sappo (Burkinaa Fasoo, Gaana, Gine, Liberiyaa, Mali, Niiseer, Niseriyaa, Senegaal, Siyera Lewoon, Togo).

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Les –tiitoonde 1 : Yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAOYi’annde, koyngal e bure tuugnorɗe

Yi’annde CEDEAO

Koyngal CEDEAO

Waɗde diiwaan mbo alaa keeri, galɗuɗo, ɗo jam e nanondiral njaalii, tawa na fawii e peewal laamu, tee kadi yimɓe ɓee na mbaawi heɓde e ngaluuji limlimti ɗii, ɓe naftina ɗi, fawaade e cosgol fartaŋŋe ngam ɓamtaare duumiinde e deentugol taariindi.

Yi’annde CEDEAO

Ƴellitde gollondiral e tippondiral gaddooje darnugol dental ngalu e nder Afrik Hirnaange, ngam ɓurde moƴƴitinde ngurndam yimɓe mum, ñiiɓna kadi tiiɗtina deeƴre to batte ngalu, newna jotondire hakkunde Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii, wallita noon e jahrugol yeeso kam e ɓamtaare duundeeri ndii.

Ɓure CEDEAO tuugnorɗe

JumtugolMooftugol e tiiɗtingol jumtugol golle ina addira noon jaɓanegol, e nder aduna hee, wonde ñemmbirde tippondiral ngalu e kopporeeje.

RewtaareSosde sato rewtaare /kormondiral hakkunde liggotooɓe e terɗe renndo ngoo, ɗoftaade waaw-sosaagu, keshesɗinal, yah-ngarta humpitooji e nder renndo hee.

KeewceeralHeɓtinde, faama, duñca, ɗoftoo keewceeral nder ngenndi, leñol e pinal e nder renndo men.

NuunɗalLiggaade e kaaɗdi baawɗe mum, ngam ñiiɓnude sarɗiiji golle ɓurɗi teeŋtude, heɓa kadi hoolaare e rewtaare yimɓe ɓee fawaade e golle men.

TawtingolLaartude, newna tawtoregol yimɓe ɓurngol yaajde, gondungol e humpito, ɗum wona daarorgal keewceeral renndo ngoo to batte golle, werto leydi e pinal fof, tawa ko e kala tolno peeje politik e ƴettugol taƴne.

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AadiyankaagalWurtude kala ɓiyleydi e wonde aadiyanke, kam e haalde jam faade e renndaaɓe ngenndi, nder renndo ngoo e jaale ɗee kala, fawaade e soobeeji/haqiiqaaji ndaɗɗudi diiwaan oo.

LaaɓtalHuutorde jahnirɗi golle laaɓtuɗi, ngam ƴellitde taƴne kumpitaaɗe kam e ɓosɓose peeje politik ɗee.

Baawal golleHollirde baawal golle e jiɗgol ko moƴƴi, kam e baɗlehakkeeji aadeeɓurɗe moƴƴude, jogaade jikku tabital e faaro e nder nokkuuji gollirɗi diiwaan hee.

NdimaaguƳettude taƴne ngonduɗe e humpito, ko aldaa e heedi-heeda, tawa ko e goonga, nuunɗal e potondiral.

Kaaɗdi moƴƴere Ñiiɓde e darnugol gondungol e yaccaare wonande sarɗiiji ɓurɗi teeŋde ngam yooltude hujjaaji yimɓe, ngenndiiji, diiwaniije e adunankooji kala.

Dosɗe tippondiral

Ƴellitgol ngaluuji diiwaan (ƴellitgol e tiiɗtingol mbaawka yimɓe ɓee, potal hakkunde debbo e gorko, newaare taarinndi) ; ɓiyleydaagal gootal

Jam e kisal : sato diiwaan jamyamo, hisngo, ngo aldaa e luhre, njeeyngu mbonngu, jaltingol/bergol

Mbaadi laamu : peewal laamu to batte ngalu e politik, laaɓtal e defagol nder kuutoragol ngaluuji laamu, tawa kadihakkeeji aadeena ndeentaa no haanirta nii

Tippondiral ngalu e kopporeeje (njulaagu ; marse/jehre/luumo ; kaalis ; jeñcinal jawdi ; $memotooɗum, politik) : marse diiwaan gooto gootidinaaɗo, gonduɗo e kaalis gooto, kam e marseeji kopporeeje jumtuɗi, e yuɓɓo carɗingol joɓli ɗii

Ƴellitaare sekteer piriwe/fannu keeriiɗo : jaggondiral tiiɗngal kam e denndal-doole Laamu-piriwee, sato newaniingo ƴellitaare pibilik/laamu e piriwee kala

Jam, kisal e peewal laamu Ɓamtaare e gollondiral Potondiral e poɗondiral cellungal Tippondiral ngalu e kopporeeje Dewal laawol kuuɓtidinngal.

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ƊEREWOL LELNUGOLMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee :Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e tabitingol koyɗe CEDEAO.

Paandale janngingol/janngugol1- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe ɗeee yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO ;2- Waɗde peeje golle e baɗle newnooje newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e

tabitingol koyɗe CEDEAO ;3- Yahnude golle janngingol newnooje ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e tabitingol

koyɗe CEDEAO [ƴellitgol yi’annde e tabitingol koyngal CEDEAO ] ;4- Jogitaade ngonirkaajie/golle e bɗal newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde e tabitingol

koyngal CEDEAO .

Happu : Waktuuji 12

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttortɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Nanondiral (teretee) CEDEAO ƴeewtangal, ngal suliyee 1993 ngal,

binndaaɗe Ngootaagu Afrik (Iñoo Afrikeen), portokolaaji CEDEAO ɗii, lelngo laawol ngenndi

- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji, fotooje,- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe/jojjuɗe- Internet.


Sahaa gollal/taƴre



Peeje Happu

1 Heɓtinde yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO

Miijinooje jowitiiɗe e yi’annde e tabitingol koyngal CEDEAO .


- Golle goomu

-joorngo miijoji

-naamnital/anket

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2 Laɓɓitinde soobeeji e ɓure CEDEAO tuugnorɗe

soobeeji e ɓure CEDEAO tuugnorɗe W 4

3 Naattinde toɓɓere ndee e nder golle janngingol

Peewnugol ɗereeji jannginirɗiJahnugol sahaaji golle janngingol/janngugolƁetgol

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4 Ƴellitde baɗle Peeje golle newnooje ƴellitgol

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newnooje ƴellitgol yi’annde e tabitingol koyngal CEDEAO

yi’annde e tabitingol koyngal CEDEAO - Gostondiral

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Les-tiitoonde 1 : Yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAOMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndeeWaɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji e jikkuuji newnooji ƴellitgol yi’annde kam e tabitingol koyɗe CEDEAO.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee / ngonka janngugol : yi’annde, koyngal, e ɓure CEDEAO tuugnorɗe.

Paandale janngingol/janngugolHeɓindaade ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe ɗee e yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO. Karalle potɗe ƴelliteede

KARALLEHakkille/Ganndal Baɗle e

ngonaaka/waaw-waɗdeBaawɗe

-Dallinde/yumtinde yi’annde e koyngal CEDEAO

-Faccirde/hollira ɓct

-Jogaade jikku jahduɗo e ɓct-Jaɓde keewceeral to

wertaango leydi/ngeereendi, pinal e leƴƴi kala

-Ƴellitde jikku teddingol hoɓɓe/jikku teddungal

Yuurnitaade ɓtc

Happu : w 02

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttorɗe- Porogaramuuji e defte janngirɗe fannu janngeteeɗo oo- Nanondiral (teretee) CEDEAO ƴeewtangal, ngal suliyee 1993 ngal,

binndaaɗe Ngootaagu Afrik (Iñoo Afrikeen), portokolaaji CEDEAO ɗii, lelngo laawol ngenndi

- Deftere ruttorde CEDEAO ndee- Filmaaji, fotooje,- Duttorɗe e binndanɗe goɗɗe/jojjuɗe- Internet.


GOLLE

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TAƳREPEEJE

Kebloowo oo janngooɓe ɓee


Ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijinooje potɗi janngeede ɗii ;


-Q.C.M-Golle gooto

gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo limtu mbinnda konngi paarndorɗi won e leyɗeele terɗe ɗee

Ɓe ngostondira e ko faati e paandorɗi ɗii mbele eɓe peññina nanndite e timmondire hakkunde ɓure ɗee

Gostondiral-joorngo-wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe, internet)Tuugnaade e nanondiral CEDEAO ngal 1993 ngal, kam e dossgal ngonka leydi ndiiGolle goomuLaartindagolNaamne-jaabawuuji

Yuurnito e ciimtol golle goomuuji e gostondire

Hollira seeɗa e ɓure tuugnorɗe jubbaaɗe e winndannde yowitiinde ndee e ynɓcRokkira ɗee ɗoo jamiroore wonande golle goomuuji ɗee :-tarde, laɓɓitinta ɓure kaalaaɗe e winndannde hee, gooto kala, caggal ɗuum, e dental.-laɓɓitina koyngal CEDEAO ngal- Waɗde haatumeere jerondiral ɓure CEDEAO e ɓure e baɗle ñande kala ɗee

ssCiimtooɓe kala goomu ciimtana ɓeya njeñcudi miijooji maɓɓe ndii.

-Kollirgol golle goomu

Gostondiral miijooji, nder dental

Fijirde baɗkinagol.

Peewnugol keɓe kese/tiiɗtingol e tonngugol

Wallita e juɓɓingol e deŋnugol humpitooji doɓindaaɗi ɗii, ɓeyda heen kadi humpitooji goɗɗi, faade e tonngol.

Ɓe ngona e kawridinde na tonnga geɗe loowdi debbinaaɗe/nanondiraaɗe ɗee, caggal gostondire hakkunde goomuuji ɗee.

Gollal dentangal

Beto ko heɓaa koo/bilaa

Wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo mbaɗ dosiyee dow ɓure CEDEAO ɗee, tawa eɗe njerondiraa e ngonkaaji leydi mu’en ɗii, ngam ɓetde tolno baɗtoragol majje.

Mbaɗa dosiyee oo e nder goomuyon tokoson.

Gollal gooto gooto

Eggingol/Naattingol

Wallita e juɓɓigol ñalawma hirjino/kirjingol/pindingol e nder yontere pinal ndee ngam gostondiral e dow ɓure leƴƴi walla walla leyɗeele goɗɗe.

Njuɓɓina ñalawma hirjino to lekkol walla to nder leegal mu’en too.

Pijirlooji baɗkinagol : magooji, magooñ, Kawral

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Les-tiitoonde 2 : Faade e CDEAO mbo leƴƴi/jamaajiMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji, e jikkuuji newnooji ƴollugol ɓiyleydaagal guurngal, daringal darnde maggal, e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal.

Faandaare janngingol/janngugol5- Heɓindaade ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗi e tippondiral diiwaan ɗii6- Waɗde peeje golle ƴellitgol kam e baɗle toɗɗiiɗe/joopiiɗe ƴellitgol guurdigal

ɓurngal moƴƴude e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal. 7- Yahnude golle janngingol joopiiɗe sastude casi tippondiral diiwaan ɗii ;

Geɗe loowdiSifaaji e joopale tippondiral Tippondiral politik e ngal laawol

- Naatnugol haqiiqa jiim-leydaagal e nder tabitinal/cihnugol taƴne ɗee.- Pellitgol waɗde jaale jiim-leyɗeeje ngam horo e ceedtagol tabitinal taƴne

ɗee : ñaawirde sariya, galle sarɗiiji, batu ngalu e renndo.- Gollonndiral e nder golle laamu.- Weeytaare yah-ngarta yimɓe, porogaraam mbo Hawriinde mee 1978

ndee jaɓnoo, jogiinde banngeeji tati (03) :- Cuytingol wiisaaji ɗii- Hakke e koɗgol- Hakke e ciñcugol.

Tippondiral ngalu e kopporeeje (marse denndaaɗo, kaalis gooto, mbaylaari, ooganteeri, sekteer piriwee, ndema …)

Jajjitgol porogaramuuji Renndo ngoo faade e sañcee kesi, ko wa’i no jahdodingol politikaaji ngalu e kopporeeji ɗii.

Finaasmaa keeriiɗo wonande bidseeji jaale ɗii : naatnugol gittangol renndo – kubbal renndo ngal 0,5%, wonande iwdiiji leyɗeele ɗe njeyaaka heen ɗee, ngam waɗde finaase tippondiral ngal.

Tippondiral to batte gollondoral duwaañ- Porogaraam bellitgol gostondire/battondire jawdi ɗee, ngam darnirde

seeɗa seeɗa dental duwaañ hakkunde Dowlaa-terɗe Renndo ngoo.- Ngaal ɗoon dental duwaañ ian namnorii gittugol fes/cuytingol haa

laaɓa hakkeeji/durwaaji duwaañ e ɗi kubbe jogiiɗe batte hono noon ɗee, kam e $barrières non tarifaires/pali ɗi ngonaa njaruyankeeji e

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darnugol $Tarif Extérieur Commun (TEC)/Njaru Boowal Denndaaɗo (NBD). Leyɗeele 12 ngittii pali njaruyankeeji pawotonooɗi e iwdiiji kesi ɗii : Beneŋ, Burkinaa Fasoo, Koduwaar, Gammbi, Gaana, Gine, Mali, Niiseer, Niiseriyaa, Sénégal, Siyeraa Lewow e Togo.

- Darnugol yuɓɓo gollirgol ordinateer geɗe duwaañ ɗee (SYDONIA), ngam tiiɗtinɗe keɓe kaalis duwaneeje Dowlaaji tere ɗii.

Gollondiral to njulaagu- Darnugol $losisiyel/miijorgal bi’eteeɗo EUROTRACE oo, ngam

gollugol lim-ngonkaaji njulaagu caggal leydi. Juɓɓingol fuwaaruuji njulaagu ɗi CEDEAO

- Pellital, e marsa 200 hee, darnugol/cosgol dingiral ngal aldaa e keerol hakkunde ɗii ɗoo Dowlaaji terɗe jeeɗiɗi (07) : Beneŋ, Burkinaa Fasoo, Gaana, Mali, Niiseer, Niiseriyaa e Togo.

Tippondiral renndo e pinal (jaŋde e needi, keewceere, cukaagu, cellal ɓalli, turisma, ekn.)

- Nduu ɗoo jookdu, ellee ko kamndu ɓuri jogaade doole/fayiida, sabu ko ɗoo yiɗde wuurdude renndaande waawi ummoraade e yimɓe leyɗeele ɓee. Jaɓgol heen jeyeede yimɓe ɓee naamnii, alaa e sago, ko pellital jeydeede e tummbeere renndo wootere ; hay so wonii tippondiral walla janngugol faade e jam, kala jaɓɓal maa rewa e yimɓe ɓee tawa, alaa e sago.

- Tabitingol ngaal ɗoon tippondiral to batte pinal, ɓuri heewde rewde ko e ko wa’i no festiwaaluuji, fuwaaruuji e karwe hakkunde-leyɗe goɗɗe. Ndenne dee, haɗi ɗee ɗoo tabitine laataade tan ko baasgol loggondirde yimɓe ɓee, kam e ŋakkere cooɓol yiɗde ɓurngol yaajde hakkunde mu’en, haa woori to batte njimri ; toon kam, ina heewi ko ɗum jahata no haanirta nii. Ko ɗoon ne, haa jooni, ɓuri woodde ko njimri ndii waɗdude naalanke/ñeeño oo e yimɓe « makko », tawa wonaa leƴƴi ɗiɗi mbaɗdaa.

$Joljolal 2011 ngal faanditii ko ƴellitgol tippondiral diiwaan kam e njulaagu hakkunde leyɗeele terɗe. Titoonde ndee boom ko : « Tiiɗtingol njulaagu hakkunde-renndaawu nguu, tawa ɗum waɗiraa ko liggondiral hakkunde laam-e-piriwee ».

- Safaara baaɗo oo na potɗo yuurniteede no moƴƴi, haawnaaki tawa ko jahdodingol porogaramuuji jaŋde lekkolaaji ɗii. Tawa noon jahdodingol jaggirtaake gootodingol, tawa ɗum firti tan ko jahdodinal-doole.

- E ndeen toɓɓere, gooto e yeruuji baawɗi miijneede, ko noddude festiwaal lekkolaaji gooto (sabu ko yontaaji sukaaɓe ɗii poti liggeede) ɗo nganndu-ɗaa turupaaji eleweeɓe ɓee, ekipaaji ɗii, fof wonaa hakkunde ngenndiiji ɗii ɓe mbaɗataa pooɗondire, mbele ko hakkunde goomuuji CEDEAO ɗi leyɗeele keewɗe ; tawa hollirtee ɗoon ko waaw-waɗdeeji maɓɓe, tawa noon ko nder jahdodinal-doole kono wonaa pooɗondiral. Ekipaaji ɗii natta hankadi wonde fooɗondirooɓe/haɓdiiɓe, ɗi ngonta cuuɗi wiɗto tippondiral diiwaan ngal. Pooɗondiral nattii wonde ɓeñondiral/kaɓdigal,

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wontii lekkol/janngirde nanngondiral hakkunde dowlaaji. Mago/tiyaataar nattii wonde kollirgol pinal, wontii lekkol/janngirde jokkondiral renndo.

- So tawii helmiire tippondiral faamiraama, e nder dowlaaji hee, hono no nder yeru mo dow ɗoo nii, alaa e sago kadi, to tolno jiim-dowla too ne, helmiire tippondiral to ngonaagu fawee e taabal ; oon sahaa, saanga nde goomuuji pooɗondiral keewleyɗeeji ɗii ndarnetee ndee, yimɓe tiiɗnoo kadi e waɗtorde jaɓɓal ngonaagu.

- CEDEAO ko ɗum tummbeere ngalu : ƴeewande mum yeeso fotaani lilneede, tawa waɗi ɗum ko baylagol jikku pawingol e golle, ngol waawaa faamde wonde $« marketing »/karallal jeeygol mum rewata ko e cosgol soklere hoɗdude yimɓe Dowlaaji terɗe ɓee. Sikke alaa, ɗoon ko e westismaaji/aawdiiji ngalu ɓurɗi moƴƴude ɗii jeyaa. De noon, ngam saaynude kulol ngol oya neɗɗo kala wondi ngol, alaa e sago golle mbaɗee e ɗee ɗoo geɗe ɗiɗi :

– ɗum suka,- ɗum laaɓlaaɓal e welamma jiitugol/ganndugol [ko anndaano].

Ina haani welamma jiitugol/ganndugol ceeral geɗe oo, suka oo duñcee heen, tawa ɗum waɗiraa ko juɓɓingol kawre keewɗe kam e gostondire guurɗe, tawa noon mawɗo ƴellittaa ɗoon mawmawu mum baabiraagu nguu, wona e hollirde ko « NEƊƊO » addi koo e « taabal rokkude e rokkeede (tottude e totteede) » ngal.

Ina waawi haawde, kala mbo ɓetaani ɗee geɗe no haanirta nii, no tagoore waawiri nii seerndude yimɓe haa waɗta ɓe fulɓondirooɓe, eɓe mbarondira hakkunde maɓɓe : haawnaaki tawa ko ɗuum waɗi haa oo ɗoo gorko, nde haawaa ndee ɗee geɗe gummiiɗe e fitina, yiɗi ɓurde laaɓtindaade ɗe e ngurndam mum. Ɗuum waɗi, nde artiri ndee miijo e hoore makko, o teskii wonde so omo ɗatnoo o ƴeewa njogitaari kam e baaytoowo ɗum, so omo leloyoo o udda damuɗe haa tiiɗa, e nder galle mum o udda kopporfooreeji makko e caabi ; ndenne dee, ɗuum ɗoon e waade noon fof, omo laaɓaa wonde laabi e sarɗiiji na ngoodi, kam e liggotooɓe laamu jogtiiɓe, ngam yoɓtanaade mo kala tooñannge nge o waawi waɗeede : yoo naamna hoore makko/miijto hol ko woni miijo makko/yi’annde makko e renndidiiɓe makko leydi, nde o ɗannorii ndee njogtaari ; e ɓiyleydi’en$ nde o uddata ndee damuɗe ɓiɓɓe makko e ligantooɓe makko, nde o sokirta nde kopporfooreeji makko caabi. Mbele o wonaani e tooñirde baɗle makko aduna aadeeɓe oo, hono no mbaɗirat-mi ɗum nii haalaali am ? Kono miin e makko fof, alaa heen pelɗo aduna oo e ɗuum ɗoon. Soklaaji e fitinaanji neɗɗanke goɗɗi ɗii fof ngonaa bakkatuuji kamɗi e hoore majji. Baɗle ummoriiɗe ɗe e fitinaaji makko kadi ngonaa ɗum, dow ɗo

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yimɓe nganndaani kuuli kaɗooje ɗum ɗee ; tee ɓe mbaawataa anndude kuule, ɗoon ɗo ɗe mbaɗaaka ; de noon, alaa kuulal baawngal wɗeede ɗoon ɗo yimɓe nanondiraani e neɗɗo potɗo ngal waɗde oo. HOBBES40

Ko faati koo e mahanteeje (Enersii, telekom, taraaspoor – leydi/njoorndi, weeyo, maayo)

-Enersii- Porogaraam mbo Hawriinde/kawtal Hooreeɓe Dowwla e Laamu njaɓi e

lewru mee 1982, Eɓɓo/Porosee Gaasodik (tiwoo gaas) Afrik Hirnaange : e dow ɗaɓɓal CEDEAO, Banke Monnjaal naatanii wiɗto hade-baawgol-wonde faatungo e oon ɗoon gaasodik mbo Afrik Hirnaange.- ngam ɗuum ɗoon, leyɗeele Beneŋ, Gaana, Niiseriyaa e Togo pellitii waɗde gaasodik newnoowo kuutoragol gaas tawaaɗo mbo Niiseriyaa wonande leyɗeele nayi ɗee, ngam baɗgol/gaddugol enersii.- Peewnugol eɓɓol golle ƴellitgol kaɓirɗe gaddugol enersii, kam e loggondire yuɓɓooji kuuraa/elektirik Dowlaaji Terɗi ɗii. - Cosgol yuɓɓo enersii kuuraa ngo Afrik Hirnaange wi’eteengo – « Power Pool Ouest Africain [Paawaa Puul Uwesta Afrikee] »

-Telekominikasiyoŋ/Telekom- Porogaraam mbo Hawriinde/kawtal Hooreeɓe Dowwla e Laamu njaɓi, e joɗnde maggal nde mee 1979 INTELCOM 1 : jokkondiral telefon joƴ hakkunde gure laamorɗe Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii, tawa ina wondi e $teleksa e faksa (telex e fax).- INTELCOM II : wiɗto baawgol-wonde ngam hesɗinde/yahdinde e jamaanu jokkondire telefon ɗee. Lenugol cuɓorɗe joopondiral ngam newnude/weeɓnude ƴellitaare fannu oo.- Baɗgol boli/laabi Taƴca-Afrik-Hirnaageeji- Porogaraam mbo Hawriinde ndee njaɓi e lewru deesammburu 1980 to Lome : Nuwaksoot-Lagoos : e dow 4560 km njuuteendi, heen 3800 km mbaɗaama, maanaa 83%.- Dakaar – Njamenaa : e dow nuuteendi 4460 km fofof, 3894 km heen mbaɗaama, hakke 88% ; laaɓi loggondiral : e dow njuuteendi 11423 km, heen 7653 mbaɗaama, hakke 67%.

-ƁeeɓnugolTaraspooruuji njoorndi- Kartal juumal ngam aasiraas otooji, ngal CEDEAO. Leyɗeele sappo e ɗiɗi

(12) ndarnii ngaal ɗoon kartal : Beneŋ, Burkinaa Fasoo, Koduwaar, Gaana, Gine, Gine Bisaawo, Mali, Niiseer, Niiseriyaa, Siyeraa Lewon, senegaal, e Togo.

- Portokol faade e Taƴƴirgol Laabi Hakkunde-Dowlaaji (TRIE) : paanditiiɗo weeɓnude/newnude e yaawnude peeje kayitaaji taƴƴugol (taransit) marsandiisaaji hakkunde Dowlaaji Terɗe ɗii. Dowlaaji terɗe jowi tabitinii portokol oo : Beneŋ, Koduwaar, Mali, Niiseer e Togo.

40 Hobbes. Le Léviathan … [cc] …

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- Baɗgol goomuuji/komiteeji ngenndiiji ngam dewindagol porogaramuuji jowitiiɗi ɗii e weeytaare yah-ngarta kam e taraspooruuji ɗii. Dowlaalji Terɗe sappo e ɗiɗi (12) ndarnii ɗiin ɗoon goomuuji/komiteeji : Beneŋ, Burkinaa Fasoo, Koduwaar, Gaana, Gine, Gine Bisaawo, Mali, Niiseer, Niiseriyaa, Siyeraa Lewon, senegaal, e Togo.

Ko faati koo e politik taariindi

- Porogaraam golle diiwan baɗdaaɗo e CILSS- Kaɓtagol puɗi kayooji ɗii (yasinta diƴƴe oo)- Kaɓtagol jeereɗingol ngol- Tiiɗtingol sarwisaaji metewoo (mbaadi weeyo) ngenndiiji ɗii.

Ko faati koo e jam e kisal- Jaɓgol portokol baasgol tooñde oo, e hitaande 1978 - Jaɓgol portokol ballondiral e ko faadi e denngol leydi, e 1981- Jaɓgol soobeeji politik ɗi CEDEAO ɗii, e 1991. Eeraango ngoo ko ngo

feere haɓtorde wonande soobeeji demokarasi ɗii.

- ECOMOG (Economic Community of Wewt African States Cease-fire Monitoring Group), maanaa Goomu Rewindo Ɓaargol-njogitaaje, mbo CEDEAO, mbo Hawriinde ndee sosiri Taƴnal e hitaande 1990.

- Golwole (hareeji/operasiyoŋaaji) to Liiberiyaa :- Dowlaaji terɗe gadduɗi harɓiyankooɓe : Beneŋ, Burkinaa Fasoo, Gammbi,

Koduwaar, Gaana, Gine, Mali, Niiseer, Niiseriyaa, Senegaal, Siyeraa Lewon.

- Leyɗeele goɗɗe : Uganndaa, Tansani.- Golwole (hareeji/operasiyoŋaaji) to Siyeraa Lewon:- Dowlaaji terɗe gadduɗi harɓiyankooɓe : Gaana, Gine, Mali, Niiseriyaa,

Senegaal, Siyeraa Lewon.- Golwole (hareeji/operasiyoŋaaji) to Gine Bisaawo :- Dowlaaji terɗe gadduɗi harɓiyankooɓe : Beneŋ, Gammbi, Niiseer e Togo.- Gollugol/baɗgol heen junngo e nder hurum nanondire leyɗiɗiije Gine e

Senegaal.

- Jahnirgal paltagol e pewjangol/darangol luhre ngal Hawriinde 1998 ndee waɗi. Ruttorde-hurum miijnaande e ko faati koo pewjangol luhre : yuɓɓo ƴeewtoo/deengol e rewindo, kam juɓɓule ngam heertaade/surde [gila law] luhre puɗɗotooɗe ɗee.

Ñiiɓirɗe nokkuuji ƴeewto nayi (04) : Kotonu, Wagadugu, Bannjuul e Monrowiyaa

Santar ƴeewto e rewindo gooto (01) to Hoolorde nde Abujaa Cosgol Batu diisondiral Maslaaji e Kisal mbo Dowlaaji terɗi jeenayi

(09) Cosgol Batu diisondiral Mawɓe Tafgol turupaaji (diɗɗe) harɓiyannkooɓe padndorɗi

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Lajal muñangol jowitiingal e jiggoygol, jeeyoygol e baɗgol njogitaaɗe koytuɗe ɗee. Eeraango ngo hawriinde ndee jaɓi e oktoobar 1998.

Jaɓgol lelngo golle kam e sarɗi jikkuuji. Ƴellitgol gaadoral jam Keblugol doole harbiyankooje (forse arme) e ɗe kisal. Horngo njogitaaje koytuɗe ɗee to keeri leyɗe ɗii Cosgol kaggu geɗe, kam e deftal/karnewal diiwaan jowitiingal e

njogitaaje koytuɗe ɗee Pottitingol e pirtugol ko ɓurti koo e njogitaaje ɗee (Liberiyaa e Mali

mbaɗi ɗum) Beewnugol/newnugol kaaldigal e waɗooɓe e addooɓe njogitaaje

ɓee Sarɗi jikkuuji.

$Casi nafooje tippondiral diiwaan ngal (+ dallingol)

Tiggitagol/kevvitagol/duwtugol tippondiral diiwaan ngol, ongol rokkira wootere e peeje golle ɓurɗe hoolnaade ɗee ngam safrude caɗeele ɓamtaare ɗe CEDEAO hawrata ɗee, ɓayri/hade kala heen leydi tergal ina wondi e ŋakke limlimte to batte ngaluuji goodaaɗi kam e fannuuji ngalu-e-faggudu goɗɗi ɗii. Yanti heen, nde wonnoo jehe ngenndiije Afrik ɗee ɓuraani yaajde no feewi, jahdodinal doole kam pellital politk guurngal ina waawi wallitde e jaawnugol ƴellitaare e ɓamtaare ndee, tawa waɗiri ɗum ko cafrugol pamɗugol ngol to batte ngalu, naatnugol kaalis gollirɗo (westimaaji) e gonstondire ɗee.

Hol ko woni ɓure tippondiral diiwaan ngal ?

Njehon tokoson kaɗoowon kon antampirisaaji walla poroseeji ɗii yaajde maa kon mbaaw hawritde, kon ɓurtoo waawde foondondireede. Maa antampirisaaji guurɗi mbaaw ƴellitaade.

Jajjitgol jehe ɗee na waawi saabaade ɓeydagol westimaaji ɗii e nder Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii, kadi ɗum moƴƴitina baawgol yeñcinde ngol, ɗum newna jawtingol/ɓenningol gannde e karalle ngol.

Tippondiral ngal na waawi kadi moƴƴitinde hoolnaare e duumagol waylooji to batte ngalu ɗii, ɗi nganndu-ɗaa iɗi mbaawi joofnude e jeñcule ngalu moƴƴe, fawaade e dewtagol dowla laawol, e hakkeeji njeyaari, jumtugol yuɓɓo sariya ngoo kam e laaɓtugol mbaadi laamu ndii.

Fawaade e jahnirɗi diiwanuuji ɗii, leyɗeele terɗe ɗee na mbaawi tiiɗtinde mbaawka majje termondiral e nder ndingiral hakkunde-leyɗe ngal. Maa ɗe mbaaw termondireede tawa ko ɗe/eɗe ngoni goomu. Ko nganndu-ɗaa koo, wonaa noon heewi wonirde, sabaabu nde nafooje ngenndiije goorondirɗe.

Leyɗeele tokoose ɗee na mbaawi naftoraade no feewi gollondiral nder-renndo ngal, fawaade e kawridinal walla boom denndugol ngaluuji ɗii.

Tippondiral ngal na waawi ustude sabaabuuji luhre, fawaade e laatingol hoolaare e newnugol gollondiral e ko jowitii koo e kisal.

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Ɗee ɗoo ɓure baawɗe dañeede fof, eɗe pawii tan, e ko adii fof, e tolno tippondiral ngal to batte gittugol/cuytingol geɗe kaɗooje/teppooje ɗee kam e leɓte kawreteeɗe ɗee ɗo keeri leyɗe ɗoo (peeje kayitaaji laamu, kam ceertugol sarɗiiji ngenndiiji geɗe ngalu ɗee). Ndeke noon, ɗeen ɗoon ɓure pawii ko e tolna pellital e hoolaare soseteende ndee hakkunde Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii.

Njaruuji tippondiral diiwaan ngal

So haala ɓure haalaama, alaa e sago hakkille waɗtee kadi e njaruuji ne : Ustagol kaɗooje/teppooje cogguyankooje ngol ina waawi addude

baylagol gostondire ɗee – iwdiiji ngalu ɗi coggu koytuɗo, ummoriiɗi e leyɗeele ɗe ngonaa terɗe, lomtiniree iwdiiji ɓurɗi tiiɗde gummoriiɗi e leyɗeele gollondirteeɗe ɗee. Ngool ɗool baylugol addii caɗeele e nder renndooji keewɗi ;

Jahnirɗi tippondirgol ɗii na mbaawi ustude keɓe kaalis laamu gummotooɗe e duwaañ ɗee. Njaru ɗeen ɗoon perte fawii ko e baawgol leyɗeele terɗe ɗee yiitude peeje pottitingol ngaluuji goɗɗe ;

Tippondiral ngal na waawi jibinde baasgol/ceertugol e jeyal hoore mum wonande ngenndiiji ɗii, walla boom goppugol won e ɓure majje pinal. Kono tan noon, no waawi waade fof, tippondiral ngal maa ko addata koo e ɓure ɓur [mawnude e ] ko ɗum jibinoyta koo e njaruuji.

Teppoje e $casi

Teppooje ɗee ɗemɗe ngenndiyankaagal/jiimi-ngenndiyankaagal Bongol laamu Ŋakkere ganndugol/hakkilantaagal Baasgol tabitinde kuutorɗe laawol tammbiiɗe ɗee weeytaare yah-ngarta

jawdeele e yimɓe ndee Geɗe ŋakkere kisal Njaru dimndugol /taraspooruuji e telekominikasiyoŋ nguu Baasal Koyfiɗgol jaale ɗee Baasgol deeƴde/jergigol to batte politik e bongol laamu : kuudetaaji

larme keewɗi e nder won e leyɗeele ɗii mbonnii ko heewi, to bannge sato politik ngoo, e nder Afrik Hirnaange.

Pamɗugol doole ngalu-e-fagguduuji ngenndiiji ɗii : hakindaare keɓal ngal neɗɗo gooto gooto, e nder Afrik Hirnaange oo, ko $ 410 US.

Ceertingol ngol yonaani to batte ngalu-e-fagguduuji ngenndiiji ɗii : Leyɗeele CEDEAO ɗee ngaddata tan ko geɗe ndema e oogo gadane ɗe

nganndu-ɗaa, ɗe ñaametaake/naftortaake e nder Afrik Hirnaange Mbaylareeje peewnooje geɗe ɗee, ƴellitagol majje tolnaaki ɗo waawata

addude ƴellitaare njulaagu nder-diiwaneewu. Ŋakkere mahanteeje koolniiɗe to batte laabi/boli, telekominikasiyoŋ e

enersii :

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o Yuɓɓo laabi ngo yonaani, tee kadi ngo moƴƴaanio Keewal telefonaaji leesɗungal, kam e njaru telefon tiiɗnguo Gaddugol enersii ngol yonaani, yanti e kuuraa tiiɗɗo coggu

Goodgol falngooji ɗi ngonaa cogguyankkooji keewɗi : falngooji/baarasuuji laabi keewɗi – leɓte laamu to kayitaaji

Gaddugol pawe kaalis, to Hoolaare Cihnal too, ngol duumaaki.

$Casi ɗii

Sarɗiiji ɗi Dowlaaji ɗii poti rewtaade ɗii tawo : Cihnugol peeje deeƴre politik Cihnugol yuɓɓo sariya e ñaawooje laaɓtungo Keblugol liggotooɓe seedtaaɓe, waawɓe golle, yonɓe.

Golle potɗe waɗeede e tolno ngenndi : Cihnugol peeje deeƴre politik Peewal laamu, teeŋti noon fawaade e tiiɗtingol demokarasi, kam e

dewgol e waylooji maw-ngaluuji, yuɓɓiyankooji. Fannuuji keeriiɗi jowitiiɗi e tippondiral ngalu :

o Newnude weeytaare jahgol/jillagol yimɓeo Ustude keewal falngooji laabi ngonɗi e laabi hakkunde-leyɗe ɗiio Muulde, sara, karne ɗanngal mbo CEDEAO ooo Ƴellitde gollondiral hakkunde sarwisaaji poliis ɗi Dowlaaji terɗe ɗii.

- Jillagol marsandiisaaji ɗii : Muulde, sara, duttorɗe duwaañ gootidinaaɗe/jahdodinaaɗe ɗee

- Seedewol iwdi- Doggol kelme duwaañ- Karne taƴƴingol laabi (taransit) hakkunde-Dowlaaji- Naatnude eɓɓo ngoo e nder Porogaraam Peewtingol Yuɓɓo (PAS)

oo- Dental duwaañ : heblude natgol leyɗeele ɗee e nder dental duwaañ

nga, tawa waɗiri ɗum ko ustugol njoɓdiiji paweteeɗi ɗii e marsandiisuuji jiggoyteeɗi ɗii

- $Joopondiral maw-ngaluwal :- Heblude leyɗeele ɗee ngam naatde e dingiral/hurum/doŋre kaalis

CEDEAO - Sellinde kisnal ngalu nguu moƴƴal, ngam waawde rewtaade

cuɓorɗe joopondiral lelnaaɗe ɗee- Sosde goomu/komitee deentugol e nder heek kala Dowla tergal- Naattinde cuɓorɗe joopondiral e nder PAS hee

- $Finaasmaa/naatnugol kaalis e golle CEDEAO ɗee :- Tabitinde portokol gittangol renndo ngol- Nuunɗinde portokol oo- Winnditde gittangol ngol e nder kuulal koppopreeje (luwaa de

finaas) hee (bidsee oo)

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- Roɓindaade hawrina ko heɓaa koo e gittangol hee, wersa ɗum e konte CEDEAO hee

- Peeje ɗoftugol jaaliyankooje : - Sosde, e nder kala Dowla tergal, ministeer kalfinaaɗo tippondiral

ngaluu diiwaan- Sosde komisoŋ hakkunde-minsteeruuji ngam rewindo taƴne

CEDEAO ɗee, tawa ombo hawra e daawe dottaaɗe- Jotondire e bayeer’en/tottirooɓe kaalis ɓee :

- Haaldude e tottirooɓe kaalis ɓee e ko faati e baɗtorgol porogaramuuji CEDEAO gardiiɗi/ɓurɗi heñoreede/ɓurɗi teeŋtude ɗii, haa ari noon e CEA, BAD, FMI, Banke Monnjaal e Iñoo Oropeyeen.

Golle potɗe waɗee e tolno diiwaan

- To bannge politik- Sellinde rewindo cihnugol :- Portokol baasgol tooñondirde jaɓaaɗo e 1981 oo- Portokol ballondirgol to deentugol leydi- Soobeeji CEDEAO jaɓaaɗi e suliyee 1991 ɗii.

- To bannge politikaaji e porogaramuuji : lelnude garɗiiɗi to potgol waɗde :

- Tonngitgol/beeynugol gostondire ɗee- $Tarif Extérieur Commun (TEC)/Njaru/kubbal Boowal Denndaaɗo

(NBD) (Dental duwaañ)- Joopondiral maw-ngaluwal- Ballal to lim-ngonkaaji.

- Miijtaade e eɓɓo beeynugol/boylugol gostondire ɓurngo yumtude

- Ko wa’i no, naattinde eɓɓo ngoo en nder PAS walla porogaraam waylo ngalu hee

- Hoolaare CEDEAO ndee, kam e AMAO, maa mbaɗ ɓeto gollal kal a Dowla tergal e nder cihnugol/tabitingol cuɓorɗe joopondiral ɗee

- Sellinde rewindo tabitingol portokol gittangol renndo oo.

- Peeje jaaliyankooje - Yuɓɓitinde jaale ɗee (Hoolaare Cihnal e Booñ CEDEAO oo)- Jaggude liggotooɓe waawɓe golle, aadiyankooɓe/hormiiɓe jaale ɗee

(gittugol/cuytingoo feere $kotaaji ndee)- Darnugol Ñaawirde Sariya nde CEDEAO ndee.

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ƊEREWOL LELNUGOLMbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji, e jikkuuji newnooji ƴollugol ɓiyleydaagal guurngal, daringal darnde maggal, e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal.


ɓurngal moƴƴude e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal. 3- Yahnude golle janngingol joopiiɗe sastude casi tippondiral diiwaan ɗii.

Happu : waktuuji 18

Kaɓirɗe/tammborɗe jaŋde/duttortɗe : Nonondiral/teretee CEDEAO 1993 ƴeewtangal ngal, binndaaɗe Ngootaagu Afrik, portokolaaji CEDEAO ɗii, Deftere ruttorde ndee, lelngo laawol ngenndi.


Sahaa gollal/taƴre



Peeje Happu

1 Heɓindaade ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe ɗeee tippondiral diiwaan

Ɓure e miijinooje jowitiiɗe ɗeee tippondiral diiwaan

Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e Internet) - Golle

goomu

- Sifaaji golle pelle keewɗi newnooji tippondiral

-joorngo miijoji-naamnital/anket

- Gostondiral-ruttaade e yimɓe tuugnorɓe kam e pelle

W 2

2 Fewjude golle ngam ƴellitgol tippondiral diiwaan

Peeje golle ƴellitgol tippondiral diiwaan W 2

3 Heɓtinde/feññinde paljine e teppooje jowitiiɗe e tabitingol tippondiral diiwaan

Caɗeele/kaɗooje e teppooje tabitingol tippondiral diiwaan

W 2

4 Naattinde tiitoonde tippondiral diiwaan nder golle janngingol ɗee

Silo kaɓirde jaŋde e janngingol tolnooji ɗii fof

- Baɗgol ɗereeji janngingol- ɗowgol sahaaji golle

janngingol/janngugol- ɓetgol keɓe ɗee

W 6

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YERU ƊEREWOL JANNGINIRGOLTiitoonde :tippondiral diiwaan

Les-tiitoonde 2 : faade e CEDEAO mbo leƴƴi/jamaaji

Mbaawka les-tiitoonde ndee Waɗtorde ɓure e miijinooje, waaw-waɗdeeji, e jikkuuji newnooji ƴollugol ɓiyleydaagal guurngal, daringal darnde maggal, e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal.


ɓurngal moƴƴude e nder dingiral CEDEAO ngal. 3- Yahnude golle janngingol joopiiɗe sastude casi tippondiral diiwaan ɗii.

Tiitoonde winndannde ndee / ngonka janngugol : ɓure tipondiral diiwaan


KARALLEHakkille/ganndal $$/waaw-waɗde Karallaagal

-Waɗtorde paandale tippondiral diiwaan ɗee-Heɓindaade hol batte

tippondiral ngal e dow yimɓe ɓee

-Rewtaade jaale diiwaan ɗee

-Jaɓondirde hakkunde yimɓe-Wuurdude

-Jogitaade jikkuuji newnooji castugol casi tippondiral ɗii.

Happu : Waktuuji 4




- Wernoo naamne ngam ƴeewtoo tolno/keɓindagol e pinal janngooɓe ɓee, faade e miijinooje potɗi janngeede ɗii ;


-NJK-Golle gooto

gooto

Baɗgol e ngonka

-Addana janngooɓe ɓee ciimtol kolliroowo neɗɗo jeyaaɗo e CEDEAO dañɗo caɗeele sariya e renndiyankooje e nder ngootiri e leydeele doŋre ndee, ko jiidaa koo e leyndi makko ; caggal

Mbaɗa gostondire, ndokkira miijooji maɓɓe e saɗeende

-Gostondiral-joorngo-Wiɗto duttorɗe (binndaaɗe e internet)

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ɗuum, o naamnoo ɓe miijo maɓɓe fawaade e gostondiral ngal o ɗowa e ndeen ɗoon toɓɓere.

.

holliraande ndee. fawaade nanondiral CEDEAO ngal 1993 ngal, kam e doosgal ngonka leydi ndii.-Golle goomu-ƴeetindagol-naamne-jaabawuuji.

Kirjingol golle hakkunde goomuuji

- yuɓɓina, so waawii wonde, njillu ngam laartindoyaade yah-ngarta/jillagol yimɓe e jawdeele e nokku keerol, o wona e naamnitaade janngooɓe ɓee e ko ɓe nji’i koo.

Rokka miijo waɗde doggol naamne/naamnorgol jowitiingol e paandaletippondiral diiwaan, kam e weeytaare jillagol yimɓe e jawdeeleWi’a janngooɓe ɓee, tawa ina peccii e goomuyon, yo ɓe mbaɗ taro duttorɗe ngam :-siftorinde ganni/taarik/daartol tippondiral ngal kam e ko faanditaa heen koo ;-feɗinde tippondiral ngal fawaade e sifaaji e mbaadiiji mum ;-suɓtaade hittallaaji, casi e teppooje ngonɗe heen ɗee, e sifaade CEDEAO.

- Laartindoo jillagol yimɓe e jawdeele ngol keerol leydi hee, ɓe njaabtoo naamne ɗee.

Nder goomuuji yimɓe 4 haa 5, ɓe ndaarta jaabawuuji naamne ɗee. (taro yahdungo e silo Nanondiral ngal kam e taƴre doosgal ngonka yowitiinde ndee e gollondiral hakkunde Dowlaaji ɗii, kam e njuɓɓudi CEDEAO).

Silotiiɗtingol e tonngugol

-okka heen goomu kala dumunna ngam artirde njeñcudi miijooji maɓɓe.

Wallita e juɓɓingol e tonngugol humpitooji doɓindaaɗi ɗii, adda kadi humpitooji goɗɗi, ngam waɗde tonngol kuuɓtidinngol.

- Siimtooɓe heen kala goomu ngartirana woɗɓe ɓee njeñcudi miijooji maɓɓe.

-ngona e tonngude geɗe loowdi nanondiraaɗe ɗee caggal gostondire hakkunde goomuuji :-dallingol ko addii koo ɗoo jeyaaɗo oo, fawaade e paandale tippondiral diiwaan e no Nanonndiral suliyee 1993 ngal lelniri ɗe nii.

Kollirgol golle goomuuji

-Gostondiral hakkunde janngooɓe e nder batu mawɗo

-Golle tonnggol denndaaɗe

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Sifaaji e mbaadiiji tippondiral -Jaale CEDEAO e jahnugol golle majjeWeeytaare jillagol e teppooje tippondiral ɗee.

Beto/$bilaa - wi’a janngooɓe ɓee yoo ɓe mbaɗ naamnitel/anketel tokosel e nder nokku mumen pawingel e teppooje tippondiral ɗee

-

Ɓe mbaɗa Naamnital ngal e goomuuji tokoosi.

Naamnorgol naamnital


-wallita e yuɓɓinde ñalawma kirjingol/hirjino e nder yontere pinal, ngam wostondirde ɓure e leƴƴi goɗɗi walla leyɗeele goɗɗe.

Njuɓɓin ñalawma kirjingol to lekkol walla leegal mu’en..

KawralFijirde baɗkinagol,Magoyel, ekn.

Doggol tufle web janngande ndee : Tippondiral diiwaan [copier et coller ici]

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Tippondiral ngal : $ Echecs et impasses jaɓɓal teknokarasi/laam-karallaagu ngal

Lazare KI ZERBO (YUƁƁO MBAADI MAALU, BURKINAA FASOO)Ndee ɗoo winndannde ko ɗum eɓɓo ɓetgol ɓosɓosal tippondiral ngal e Afrik.

Caggal duuɓe capanɗe nayi getndagol tippondiral, haa jooni njeñcudi ndii laaɓtaani. Pelle hakkunde laamuuje (PHL) ɗee, ko ɗe keewi koo fof, alaa ko ɗe mbaɗi ko yumti, tee kadi ɗe meeɗaani ƴellitde jahdodinal doole hakkunde majje. Yimɓe ɓurɓe ɓee woƴeede/ɓe nafoore mumen ɓuri ɓee wonde e ngal ɗoo tipondiral (soodooɓe/ñaamooɓe ɓee, dente nokke takko-keeriije ɗee), ɓeen mbaɗtoraaka e nder politikaaji tippondiral laamuuji ɗii.Ndeke noon, ɗee ɗoo caɗeele tippondiral nder Afrik ina saaborii ɗum bannge baasgol yumtude peeje laamu ɗee ; ɗuum holliri noon heñnaare wonande dartingol tippondiral PHL ɗee. Ngool ɗoon dartingol, alaa e sago ngol rewree e peeñgol/ƴollugol dingire diisondiral, ɗo nganndu-ɗaa ɗoo, pelle renndo e ɗe golle ɗee maa tawtore, ngam yuurnito ñoŋoowo wonande politikaaji gonaaɗi e yahneede hannde ɗii, kam e joorgol miijooji peeje.

I. Tippondiral Afrik ngal : yoo golliyankooɓe ɓee ngon e ne’aande

Denndaangal ko waɗaa koo e wiɗtooji, oditaaji e ɓetooji hollirii ɗee ɗoo geɗe : Ŋakkere jumtal mawnde, wonande kala heen jaalal ƴettangal bannge

mum, teeŋti noon to batte kisnal Koyfiɗgol jahdodinal-doole ngal, kam e timmotiral ngal, hakkunde jaale

ɗee Koyfiɗgol batte politikaaji ɗii e peeje ƴetteteeɗe ɗee, fawaade e ko yimɓe

golliyankooɓe ɓee ɗaminii koo e tippondiral doŋre-diiwaan ngal.

Wasiyaaji ngaamtii waɗeede.Ɗii ɗoo miijooji, ina kawri e ji’anɗe golliyankooɓe renndo pelle ɓee, faade e jaale hakkunde-laamuuje ɗee e ɓosɓosal tippondiral ngal. Neɗɗo fof na waawi seedaade caɗeele e ŋakkere dillere ɗe ardiiɓe ɓee ɗeen jaale, kam responsaabaleeɓe/defiiɓe politike’en ɓee kawrata e ko faati koo e ƴettugol taƴne e tabitinde peeje kaanɗe ɗee. E nder tippondiral diiwaan Afrik ngal, pellital politik yahdaani e haalaluuji /diskuuraaji keewɗi ɗii, haa ɗum waawa tabitinde politikaaji ngalu ɗii. Peeje ƴetteteeɗe ɗee e nder batuuji/kawriiɗe diiwaaniyankooke ɗee, meeɗataa nii naattineede e politikaaji, porogaramuuji e kuule ngenndije ɗee.Ndee ɗoo ŋakkere dillere/ngol ɗoo baasgol yahde, ɓuri saabaade ɗum fof ko :

Peeje responsaabaleeɓe ministeeruuji ɓee, ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ɓuri aamtu wonde ngoƴa maɓɓe ko ñiiɓnude won ngonka Dowla (feere leydi-e-politikeere), walla heen sahaaji/ñandegoo boom nafooje mumen keeriiɗe tan

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Caɗeele kawreteeɗe ɗee e jahnugol won peeje lelnanaaɗe tippondiral, sabaabu nde jahnugol golle (tedeendi) sarwisaaji laamu ɗii e nder leyɗeele ɗee

Koyfiɗgol jeyal hoore mum, wonande peeje oditaaji e ɓeto ɗee, kam yoo baawgol majje yottaade yimɓe ɓee

Koyfiɗgol jokkondiral hakkunde mbaawkaaji golle liggotooɓe juɓɓule gardiiɗe ɗee, e lorngooji pawotooɗi ɗii e maɓɓe.

Dewtingol laawol PHL ɗee, kam e baɗdugol ɗe e jahdodinal-doole gootal, ina waɗi batte ɗe sifaaji keewɗi, ɗe nganndu-ɗaa eɗe njergina won e nafooje keewɗe ñiɓiiɗe kadi haa tiiɗi.Kala miijo luggiɗinaango e ko faati koo e ɓosɓosal tippondiral ngal, waawataa woorde ngal ɗoo naamnal : hol ɓe ngoni golliyankooɓe ɓe ngoƴa/nafooje maɓɓe ngoni ɓee e tippondiral Afrik ngal ? Heɓe ngoni ɓee ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ko kamɓe ɓuri haande e tammbaade ɓosɓosal ngal (lelnugol peeje, lelnugol peeje jahnugol golle tabitine ɗee, deentugol tigi rigi ngam peeje ɗee na cihnee)? Wonande ɗee ɗoo naamne kala, jaabawol ngol alaa jeddii : naftortooɓe/ñaamooɓe ɓee, e ko ɓuri heewde, kam e fannuuji gaddugol ngaluuji ɓurɗi waawde foondondireede ɗii e nder dingiral hee ; kono noon, ina yanti heen komersaa’en/julaaɓe ɓee ne, dente nokke ɗee, haa teeŋti noon keerondirɗe heen ɗee e Dowlaaji ɓadiiɗi ɗii fof. Haa hannde, dente nokke (teeŋti noon takko-keeriije ɗee), iwɗe e ɓosɓosal tellitinal laamu/haggitere laamu ɗee, kaalaani walla kolliri tawa denndaangal miijooji golle e porogaramuuji ɓurɗi ɗii waawde tiiɗtinde golle tippondiral ɗee ; ɗeen golle ɗe nganndu-ɗaa, ɗe meeɗaa ɗoo ummaade, ko woni koo politikaaji pusgol/pilñitgol/pirtugol ina dewondiri ɗoo gila duuɓi han capanɗe kala. Haa jooni ɓeen ɗoon golliyankooɓe kesaani heɓindaade ɓosɓosal tippondiral ngal ; eɓe nana tan haalaaji / diskuraaji na kaalee, tawa oon sahaa peeje ɗee na leeli arde, walla nii tawa ɗe njumtaani.Ina haani ɓeen ɗoon golliyankooɓe tottee no mbaawiri, tawa ko fawaade e pelle goodɗe walla jahnirɗe coseteeɗe, baawɗe e darnde jojjunde ndee ngam battinde e ɓosɓosal ngal.

II.Ngam doolɗitingol/cemmbitɗingol darnde golliyankooɓe ndaɗɗudi ɓee

Haala tippondiral kaa, ɓuri wonde haa jooni tan ko haala ngardiigu haralleeɓe. Paandale ɗee, duƴƴal ngal, kam yoo peeje jahdooje heen ɗee fof, no ngoƴaaji golliyankooɓe ɓee naamnori ɗum nii, ala heen ko miijtaa e miijo luggiɗinaango no haanirta nii. Ɗuum ɗoon noon, alaa ko haawnii heen, ɓayri ɓosɓosal peewnugol politikaaji diiwaan ngal, kam yoo tabitingol ɗi e ɓetgol ɗi fof, waɗiraa tan ko no woniri nii e nder heen kala leydi keeriindi.Lohre ɓamtaare e nder Afrik ndee, ko addi koo lohre tippondiral ngal, ɓuri ɗum saabaade fof ko baasgol yumtude peeje mbaadiiji laamu ɗee. Haa hannde, tammbii pellitte/taƴne ɗee tan ko miijo haralleewo waɗdungo fannuyankooɓe rewo e seeɗa, heen sahaaji, e kaadaruuji/kaadareeɓe ngenndiiji ɓee. Ndeen ɗoon yi’annde waawaano waɗtorde ngoƴaaji/hujjaaji golliyankooɓe woƴaaɓe ɓee [$ directement] jeñcule/ngartam golle ɓamtaare ɗee. Ɗoon kadi, ko hare

169

demokarasi mawnde hesre heddii ɗoon, sonaa ɗuum waylowaylooji politik ɗii ngaddoyta tan kadi ko jeñcule potorɗe.Alaa e sago yimɓe tiiɗnoo e baylugol peeje miijagol e gollugol ɗee : ina haani lelnugol peeje ngol, peeje tabitingol e ɓetgol ɗee, fof yuɓɓondiree e golliyankooɓe ɓee.Feere miijo ndee ko waylude jaɓɓal mbaadi laamu, waɗa golliyankooɓe ɓee e ne’aande/leriinde/hakkunde jahnirɗe goodɗe ɗee.Ɗuum noon ina heewi ko saabotoo, e tolnooji keewɗi :

Mbaadi laamu jaale ɗee : ɗum waɗtoroo tawterogol golliyankooɓe ɓe ngonaa laamuyankooɓe ɓee ɓurngol laaɓtude, e nder jahnugol ɗeen ɗoon jaale, kam e kaaldigal/diisondiral gadatoongal kala ƴettugol taƴnal (peewnugol politikaaji, jahnugol golle)

Baawangol hoore mum ɓeydingol, wonande peeje odit/horngo e ɓeto ɗee, udditanagol majje yimɓe ɓee, kam e cihnugol lorngooji ɗii.

Koytugol, e ɓurgol kadi hoolnaade peeje goytagol e kalmagol Dowlaaji e fannuuji laamu (e yeru, sarwisaaji ngenndiiji duwaañ e poliis ɗo keeri leyɗe ɗoo), ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ɗii ko kamɗi mbonnata walla teppata cihnugol lelnaaɗe ɗee no haanirta nii.

Ko ɗum casi naamniiɗi ɓosɓosal, nder daawal kakindiingal, potɗi ummaneede gila e jooni.

III. Ngam jaɓɓal dartingol Pelle hakkunde Laamuuje (PHL) ɗee, kam e feere tippondiral ndee

Daawe ɗiɗi na miijaa.1) Diisondiral e goomuujin renndo goodɗi ɗii, kam e dente nokke ɗee (teeŋti noon diiwanuuji e kominaaji gonɗi e keeri ɗii).Ngaal ɗoon diisondiral toɗɗii ko ɗee ɗoo paandale : waɗde haa golliyankooɓe ɓee miijtoo e peeje tippondiral ɗee, kadi ɓe ndokka miijooji ngam dartinde ɓosɓosal ngal kam e darɗe maɓɓe ɗee.Dente nokke ngonɗe e keeri ɗee, na njogii mbaawkaaji tippondiral, e jaŋdeeje ɗe ɓe ngitti e ngurndam maɓɓe. Fawaade e peeje ɗe ɓe mbaɗata, e mbaawkaaji ɗi ɓe ɗaminii, eɓe njogii laabi politik peeñiratɗi e mahngo politikaaji denndaaɗi. Eɓe njogii kadi miijooji ɗi ɓe mbaawi rokkirde e jahnirɗe bawɗe wallude e jogaade konngol e nder peeje jahnugol golle jaale ɗee. Ko hono noon kadi, pelle gollooɓe (yeeyooɓe/julaaɓe, tarasporteer’en/jolnooɓe, golliyankooɓe heeriiɓe, antamporoneer’en, naftortooɓe, peewal laamu …) na njogii yi’annde yumtunde wonande politikaaji hannde ɗii, kam e miijooji.Ɓeen ɗoon golliyankooɓe, ma ɓe ɓet politikaaji gollondiral hannde ɗii, ngam wallitde pelle hakkunde laamuyankooje ɗee faade e ɓosɓosal tippondiral ngal.Njeñcudi miijo maɓɓe ngoo, na foti joofde e laabi potɗi waɗtoreede e ko faati e peeje mahgol ɓosɓosal tippondral ngal, kam darnde nde joom’en kaalisaaji (bayeer’en ɓee) ɓee poti daraade ndee.Ɓosɓosal bilaa e lelnugol laabi tuugnorɗi ɗii, wonande renndo pelle ɗee, ina jojji waɗirde ɗum fedde waawannde hoore mum, hoolniide, nde darnde mum woni ballitgol e miijooji.

170

Ko jiidaa koo e bilaa oo, ina haani waɗde feere haa ɗeen pelle mbaawa heɓindaade peeje jahnugol golle pelle hakkunde laamuuje hannde ɗee, kam porogaraamuuji ngonaaɗi e dow majji ɗii, kam e peeje peewnugol majji. Casol manngol ngol, wonande golle hono ɗee ɗoo, na wawnoo wonde dokkirgol miijo wallitoowo e faade e mbaadi laamu tottoori golliyankooɓe renndo pelle ɗee mbaawka tigi rigi (nder keblugol peeje tippondiral ɗee, nder rewinndo tabitingol golle ngol, nder horngo e oditaaji ɗii). Ko fartaŋŋe mawɗo dañaa hannde, yettere Alla, nde tawnoo REAO (Yuɓɓo Antamporoneereeɓe Afrik Hirnaange) ƴettii feere ɓosɓosal darnugol ƴeewtorde/reentirde baɗe gooñiiɗe, ngal nganndu-ɗaa ina woni e yahneede niheen. Ko e ndee ɗoo yi’annde keshese mawɗe mbaawata waɗeede. Juɓɓule e pelle tolno diiwaniyankooje na ngoodi, so won yeñcinooɓe ndema, antamporoneer’en walla leƴƴi golle goɗɗi. Waɗde ina haani, tuugnaade e ko woodaa koo, ngam naatande ɓosɓosal miijo ngal. Wonande leƴƴi golliyankooɓe goɗɗi ɗii, ina haana laartude sifaaji miijtagol tolno ngenndiiji, tawa ko baawɗi wostondireede e alɗitineede e tolno diiwaan.

2) Juurnitagol miijooji e lelnugooji politikaaji ɗii, kam e jahnirɗe e peeje jaaliyankooje ɗee.Fawaade e jeñcule ngaal ɗoon diisondiral, golle ngonata ko :

Rokkude miijooji peewtingol jaale ɗee Lelnugol politikaaji e peeje, teeŋti noon tawa na yahdi e peeje ɓurɗe

yumtude wonande tabitingol ngolE ndeen ɗoon yi’annde, lelnaaɗe potɗe ƴetteede mbele golliyankooɓe ndaɗɗudi ɓee na mbawaw daraade darɗe maɓɓe ɗee, maa ɗe mbaɗee ; maa ɗe njoga politik kaanɗo/peewɗo wonande kumpital, tiiɗtingol mbaawkaaji, juɓɓondirgol kam e baawgol waɗde $lobbiying, e ko ɓuri yaajde. E ndeen ɗoon yi’annde, nokku e darɗe keeraniiɗe politikaaji gollondiral ɗii maa miijtee/kesɗitine, kadi ɗe ngonta mbildi kaaldigal e ko faati e kesɗitingol waylo PHL ɗee, kam e ballitgol gollondiral ngal faade e ɓosɓosal tippondiral ngal fof. Jom’en kaalisaaji ɓee, yoo Dowlaaji ɗii, mbaɗii haala jowitiika e tawtoregol e peewal laamu kaa fellitannde maɓɓe. E nder ɗuum, miijooji dokkiraaɗi ummoraade e miijtagol golliyankooɓe renndo pelle ɓee, na poti wontude pellital rewtinde/ɗoftinde ɗi, gila to bannge Dowlaaji ɗii haa to bayeer’en/joom’en kaalisaaji ɓee kala.

171

DOGGOL DEFTE Doggol defte kuuɓtidinngol[cc ] p. 150 du Manuel

DOGGOL TUFLE WEB[cc ] p. 152 du Manuel

172

JOKKEJoopale janngingolI. Jahnirgol/jaɓɓal mabaawkaaji

Hannde oo, porogaramuuji jaŋde hakindiinde ɗii lelnirtee ko fawaade e loowdiiji. Ɗuum waɗi, jannginoowo wi’etee tan ko yoo heɓnu won diɗɗal gannde. E ngaal ɗoon jaɓɓal, ngoƴa woodaani ngam hawridinde ɗeen ɗoon gannde fof faade e won ngonka. Ndenne dee, ina seedtaa hannde wonde jogagol gannde deftere keewɗe takata neɗɗo oo waawde ɗe hawridinde e kalal sahaa faade e ngonkaaji baɗal.

Ɗeen ɗoon ŋakke, teskaade e ndeen ɗoon feere lelnugol golle, ko kamɗe caabii pentugol naatirde mbaawkaaji. Ngaal ɗoon jaɓɓal ina teeŋtini jannginirgol tabitinal : ko ɗuum waɗata haa elew oo waawaa hawridinde, e duumaare, keɓe ɗe o jogii ɗee ngam fiɓtude ngonkaaji jilɓiiɗi, hono no waɗirtee e nder nguurndam tigi rigi ɗam. Mbaawka, ko nganndu-ɗaa koo, ko ɗum « waaw-waɗde », fawii ko baawgol janngoowo oo hawridinde keɓe makko, tabitina/waɗtora/naattina ɗe, yottinoya ɗe.Jaɓɓal jowitiingal e/jahnirgol mbaawkaaji tuugnii ko e teworiiji ɗiɗi.Tewori gadano, ciforteeɗo « mahiyanke », mbiiɗo wonde ganndal alaa so wonaa mahingal e himpito nguurndam. Janngoowo oo foti mahde ganndal mum ko fawaade e ngonkaaji keewɗi.

Tewori ɗimmo, bi’eteeɗo « mahori-renndiyanke » (ummoriiɗo e gadano oo) teeŋtiɗo, kañum, bannge jotondiral e nder jaŋde. Janngoowo mahata ganndal mum ko fawaade e jotondiral e woɗɓe, kam e jotondiram makko e sato renndo makko.

Hol ko saabii jaɓɓal mbaawkaaji ?Go’o go’o, jaɓɓal mbaawkaaji na hollira, e ko laaɓti, ko janngoowo oo foti koo heɓindaade ; hankadi wonaa ko jannginoowo oo foti koo jannginde teeŋtintee.Ɗiɗi ɗiɗi, ngal ɗoo jaɓɓal na adda rokkude maanaa ko janngetee koo. Alaa e sago, yimɓe ɓenna ndee ɗoo wonorde haawniinde, ko waɗata koo eleweeɓe naamnitaade ko ɓe njanngata koo e lekkol fof, hol ko nafata. Ko ɗuum waɗi, jaɓɓal mbaawkaaji ngal ina jaanngina ɗum yerondirde, e kala sahaa, keɓe mum jaŋde ɗee e ngonkaaji ɗi nganndu-ɗaa ɗii hiɗi ɗum njoganii maanaa, kadi o huutora ɗeen ɗoon keɓe e nder ngonkaaji hee.Jaɓɓal mbaawkaaji ngal, na wallita kadi noon, e seedtinde keɓe janngoowo oo, to batte piɓtugol ngonkaaji goodɗi, tawa nattii wonde tan kawral gannde e waaw-waɗdeeji ɗi elew oo heñantoo yejjitde, e ko ɓuri heewde, tawa kadi annda no ɗi kuutorortee e nguurndam.2. Jannginirgol tabitinal (wonande jaɓɓal mbaawkaaji)Jaɓɓal mbaawkaaji ngal, tammbii ɗum to peeje jahnirɗe, ko jannginirgol tabitinal.

Hol no jannginirgol tabitinal anndinirtee ? Ko ɗum cihnugol ɓosɓosal ngal haaɗaani tan e fottitinde/haridinde gannde e waaw-waɗdeeji, mbele ngal jannginat elew oo no o hawridiniri ɗeen ɗoon keɓe ngam fiɓtude ngonkaaji –peɓe goodanɗe mo maanaa.

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Jettooje

Equipe de coordination/supervision

Nom /Name

Fonction/

Position

Organisation/

Organization

Pays/

Country

E-mail Téléphone/

Telephone

UNESCO

YDO Yao Chef Section ED/PSD UNESCO-BREDA Sénégal [email protected] (+221) 77 529 45 77

GUISSE Papa Banga

Coordonnateur de projet sous régional

UNESCO-BREDA Sénégal [email protected]

(+221) 77 728 83 86

CEDEAO

MAGA Abdoulaye

Directeur Education, Culture, Science et

Technologie

ECOWAS [email protected]

NIKIEMA Dieudonné

Manager Ecowas Peace Fund

CEDEAO / ABUJA Nigéria [email protected] (+234) 812 912 53 14

(+234) 813 538 00 09

OGBE Rachel

Principal Program Officer Education

CEDEAO / ABUJA Nigéria [email protected]

(+ 234) 803 320 1059

KOUAKOU Roland

Chef Division Science et Technologie

CEDEAO / ABUJA Nigéria [email protected] (+224) 706 800 44 76

Experts

175

mailto:[email protected]








Nom /Name

Fonction/

Position

Organisation/

Organization

Pays/

Country

E-mail Téléphone/Telephone

176

AGLO John Professeur Université de Lomé

Togo [email protected] (+228) 90 12 41 36

ADENIYI Elias Ola

Director Research Nigeria [email protected] +234 803 598 36 75

ADOTEVI Adoté-Bah

TTISSA Manager UNESCO- BREDA

Sénégal [email protected] +221 33 849 23 19

AJIBEWA Aderemi

Commission CEDEAO

Nigéria [email protected] +234 703 410 3880

ANSAH Samuel

Director Teacher Education

Ghana [email protected] 02 44 11 28 02

AAWORB-NANG

MAABOBR KOR Jacob

Director Curriculum Research

Ghana [email protected] 02 44 79 85 21

BA Fatimata Directrice / Inspectrice du Primaire et du

Secondaire

INEADE Sénégal [email protected] (+221) 775 36 25 07

BADINI/KABRE Alimata

Directrice de l’Education artistique,

culturelle, environnementale et

en matière de population et de

citoyenneté

DEACEMPC Burkina Faso

[email protected] 00226 78 21 40 55

0026 70 71 47 78

BAH Lalya Ibrahima

ADEA

BARRY Fatoumata

Binta

Directrice de l’Ecole Normale des

Instituteurs de Dubréka (Professeur

d’Ecole Normale)

l’Ecole Normale des Instituteurs de Dubréka

Guinée [email protected] / [email protected]

+224 62 42 22 24

+224 65 29 15 99

BATIONO Jean-Claude

Directeur de l’Ecole normale supérieure

de Koudougou

ENSK Burkina Faso

[email protected] +226 70 05 11 95

BOZARI Ibrahim Rabi

DG/INDRAP/MEN/A/

PLN

Niger [email protected] +227 96 98 15 70

CAMARA Moussa

Enseignant-Chercheur / Chef de

Département

ISSEG Guinée Conakry

[email protected] (+224) 60 61 87 43

(+224) 62 95 81 18

177














COMPAORE Pamoussa

Directeur des Etudes et de la Planification

DEP Burkina Faso


CONDE Fodé Professeur d’Ecole Normale

Directeur des Etudes/ENI/ICINDIA

ENI Guinée Conakry

[email protected] (+224) 62 97 8018

(+224) 69 0142 83

COULIBALY/HAIDARA

Téné Natogoma

Inspecteur de l’Enseignement

Secondaire

Côte d’Ivoire


DAOUDA Abdouraham

ane

Directeur des Etudes et de Programmation

Niger [email protected] [email protected]

+227 97 97 49 08 / +227 96 96 72 83

DA CUNHA Pascoal

Sous directeur de ENS « Tchico Té »

ENSTT Guinée Bissau

[email protected] 245 667 04 77 245 525

42 95

DANTSEY Koffi Edinam

Ingénieur Agro- environnementaliste / Consultant / Ancien

coordonnateur adjoint pour l’Afrique du Projet Biosécurité PNUE à Nairobie


DIA Mamadou

Ndiaye

Chef de Division/Commission

UNESCO Sénégal [email protected] +221 776 33 81 70

DIABOUGA Yombo Paul

Directeur des Etudes et de la Planification

DEP Burkina Faso


DIAGNE Ousmane Doudou

Maty

INEADE Sénégal [email protected] +221 776592636

Nom /Name

Fonction/Position Organisation/

Organization

Pays/

Country

E-mail Téléphone/Telephone

DIARRA Abou

Professeur Mali [email protected]

(+223) 76 20 01 72

DIKENOU Kwami

Christophe

Professeur d’’éthique – responsable du master d’éthique;

Université de Lomé


178














DOUMONGUE Djouma

Inspecteur de l’Education nationale/ Doyen de l’Inspection

générale de l’éducation

Togo [email protected]

(+228) 90 05 62 98 / 22 21

21 29

EJIME Paul PO Communicatio

n ECOWAS

[email protected] + 234 80 72 88 13 91

EKOUE Yaovi Inspecteur de l’Education

nationale / Directeur; Ecole normale des

instituteurs de Notsè


EL OUMRANY

Lalla K.

Consultante Plateforme Africaine pour l’Education des Jeunes et des Adultes

Mali [email protected] +223 73 33 43 37

ESSE Dominique

Chef de service Evaluation des

Apprentissages - Formation de la

Direction de l’Inspection

Pédagogique

MEMP Bénin [email protected] +229 95 49 64 74

+229 96 80 94 48

FAYE Magatte

Coordonnateur Projet CapEFA

UNESCO Togo [email protected] (+228) 90 83 76 98

GABA K. Mawusé

Inspecteur de l’Education Nationale

à la retraite

Direction des Formations


GAYFOR Zawu B.

Instructor University of Liberia

Liberia [email protected] (+231) 886415176

GOABGA Emmanuel

W.

Secrétaire général du Ministre de

l’Education nationale et de

l’Alphabétisation

Ministère de l’Education nationale et

de l’Alphabétisati

on

Burkina Faso

GUEYE Issakha


II MARA Facely

Directeur Adjoint Direction Nationale de l’Education

Civique

Guinée [email protected] +224 68 24 21 36 / 64 28

80 70

179












JALLOW Mohammed

B. S.

Director of Planning Gambie [email protected]

KABA Asta Curriculum Specialist Ministry of Education

Libéria [email protected] 231 88 06 22 722

KABORE/OUEDRAOGO Juliette

Directrice générale de la Recherche, des

Innovations en Education et de la

Formation

DGRIEF Burkina Faso


KALLON Mohamed

Peps

Principal Lecturer; Freetown Teachers

College

Sierra Leone

[email protected] (+232) 76 73 25 48

KANE Soumaila

Chef de service DPFC Côte d’Ivoire

[email protected] (+225) 01 85 06 98/ 07 69

18 22

KARNGBEAE Leeway Dave

Field Coordinator Ministry of Education

Liberia [email protected] (+231) 76 34 63 55

(+231) 776346355

KERKULA Peter L.

Teacher University of Libéria

Libéria [email protected]

231 654 35 58

KONANDJI Youssouf

C/DPS-DNP/MEAPLN

Mali [email protected]

00223 66 71 83 17

KONE/TRAORE Nathalie

Vice-Présidente FASCAO/WACSOF

FASCAO/WACSOF


+225 22 41 53 73

KOUGBLENOU Akoété

Secrétaire Général Commission nationale UNESCO


LINDIM CORREIA Rui

Directeur Général INDE Guinée Bissau

[email protected] 245 524 23 37

LANKOANDE Emmanuel



on

Burkina Faso

LANTOMEY Koffi

Ouboènalè

Directeur Direction des enseignements préscolaire

Togo [email protected] (+228) 90 07 52 55 / 22 22

180















et primaire 13 37

LO CISSE Ndeye Fama

Chercheur INEADE Sénégal [email protected]

MANSARAY Imelda Ann

Marie

Principal Lecturer Freetown Teacher College

Sierra Leone

[email protected]

(+232) 76 53 09 64

MBAYE Amicoleh

Director Basic and Secondary Education

Gambie [email protected] 00220 990 94 00

MENSAH Félix

Spécialiste des Curriucla C/SF/MEMP

Bénin [email protected] 00229 97 87 93 95

MENSAH-PIERUCCI Tchotcho Marcelline

Directrice générale; Direction de la

consolidation de la démocratie et de la formation civique

Togo [email protected] (+228) 91 42 4270

NASSOURI Seydou

Directeur général de l’Ecole Nationale des

Enseignants du Primaire de Loumbila

ENEP Burkina Faso


NDIAYE Bala INEADE Sénégal [email protected] +221 775445305

NDIAYE BEYE Khady

SG Direction de la

Planification et de la

Reforme/MEN

Sénégal [email protected]

[email protected]

+221 775 38 30 63

NDOMBI Christian

Conseiller Régional/CLT

UNESCO- BREDA


NDOW Isatou

Head of School Gambia College

Gambie [email protected] (+220) 990 88 26 / 448

30 62

NZAU MUTETA Ginette

Représentante résidente de la BAD

au Burkina

BAD Burkina Faso

[email protected]

ONOKOKO Gaspard

GRAREDEP Sénégal [email protected] +221 775530857

OUATTARA Kourbié Modibo



on

Burkina Faso

181















OLUTAYO Olusegun

Commission CEDEAO


OUEDRAOGO/ZONGO Eléonore J

GTENF/ADEA Groupe de Travail sur l’Education

non Formelle

Burkina Faso

[email protected] +226 50 36 58 45 / 70 23

96 94

PACODI T. Barthélémy

CNU Burkina Faso

SACANOUD Kouamé Benoit

Enseignant-chercheur ENS Côte d’Ivoire

[email protected] (+225) 07 25 80 96

SAM Kuilbila Directeur général des Inspections et de la

formation pédagogique

DGIFP Burkina Faso


SAMAH Tinka

Inspectrice de l’Education nationale

chargée du préscolaire

Direction des enseignements préscolaire et primaire


SARR Abdou IA/DAKAR Sénégal [email protected] +221 77 3793421

SAWADOGO S. Innocent



on

Burkina Faso

SIBY Marie MEN/CABINET Sénégal [email protected] +221 776312357

SOULAMA Baba Ahmed

Secrétaire général de la Commission nationale pour

l’UNESCO

CNU Burkina Faso


SY/OUEDRAOGO Agathe

CCCD Coordinator Plan Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso

[email protected] / [email protected]

TALL Boubacar

Consultant Institut National

d’Etude et Action/INEADE


TOURE Birama


TOURE THIAM

Chef section SHS UNESCO Sénégal [email protected]

(+221) 77 6379 615

182
















Maréma

TOURE Moustapha

Secrétaire Exécutif CEB/DPRE Sénégal [email protected] +221 77 534 17 31

TRAORE/BICABA B. Madeleine

Ministère des Droits

Humains

Burkina Faso


TRAORE Issiaka

CNU Burkina Faso

TRAORE Mamadou



on

Burkina Faso

UGWUNZE Gloria

Research Officer CEDEAO / ABUJA

Nigéria [email protected] (+234) 80 55 60 50 25

WANDAOGO Issa



on

Burkina Faso

WENMENGA Siassan

CNU Burkina Faso

ZAGRE Patricia

CNU Burkina Faso

ZAN Elie Ministère de l’Education nationale et


on

Burkina Faso

183




Infographie

Nom /Name Fonction/

Position

Organisation/

Organization

Pays/

Country

E-mail Téléphone/

Telephone

DIOUF Assane

Infographe UNESCO Sénégal [email protected]

+221 77570735

9

Assistantes

Nom /Name Fonction/

Position

Organisation/

Organization

Pays/

Country

E-mail Téléphone/

Telephone

BOMBO Viviane

Secrétaire Bilingue

CEDEAO / ABUJA Nigéria [email protected] vbomboahou@ecowa

s.int

(+234) 706 423 10

90

GANDZION Olivia

Stagiaire UNESCO-BREDA Sénégal [email protected]

GARCIA Nina Stagiaire UNESCO-BREDA Sénégal [email protected]

KANE Mame Diarra

Assistante UNESCO- BREDA Sénégal [email protected] +221 77 193 26 71

184











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