00 x mal bt amukam...f√m afi-e-ß-fnepw d¬ir-jvs-x-bv°p-th≠n a[zm-\n-°p-i. (s) bdn\pw...
TRANSCRIPT
ASn-ÿm\]mTm-hen
aebmfw
tIc-f-k¿°m¿
hnZym- ym-k-h-Ip∏v
Xbm-dm-°n-bXv
kwÿm\ hnZym- ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw
2011
XÃm≥tU¿UvÃm≥tU¿UvÃm≥tU¿UvÃm≥tU¿UvÃm≥tU¿Uv
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen2
tZio-b-Km\w
P\-K-W-a-\- -A-[n-\m-bI Pbtl
`mc-X -`m-Ky-hn-[mXm,
]©m-_-kn‘p KpP-dmØ admTm
ZmhnU DXv°-e- _w-Km,
hn‘y-ln-am-N-e -b-ap\mKwKm,
D—e Pe-[nX-cwKm,
Xh-ip-`-\mta PmtK,
Xh-ip` Bin-j -am-tK,
Kmtl Xh- P-b- KmYm
P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl
`mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm.
Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb-tl,
Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!
]Xn⁄
C¥y Fs‚ cmPy-am-Wv. F√m C¥y-°mcpw Fs‚ ktlm-Z-co-
ktlmZc-∑m-cm-Wv.
Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kvt\ln -°p∂p; kºq¿Whpw
sshhn -[y -]q¿W-hp -amb AXns‚ ]mc-º-cy -Øn¬ Rm≥
A`n-am\w sIm≈p∂p.
Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-sfbpw Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw apXn¿∂-
hscbpw _lp-am-\n-°pw.
Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPy-Øn-s‚bpw Fs‚ \m´p-Im-cp-sSbpw t£a-Øn\pw
sFiz-cy-Øn-\pw- th≠n ]bXv\n°pw.
Prepared by :State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala
Website : www.scert.kerala.gov.ine-mail : [email protected] : 0471 - 2341883, Fax : 0471 - 2341869First Edition : 2011Typesetting : SCERTLay out : SCERTCover design : SCERTPrinted at : KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi© Department of Education, Government of Kerala
ae-bmfw 3
]nb- hn-Zym¿Yn-I-tf,
ae-bmf`mj-sbbpw kmln-Xy-sØbpw Ipdn®v IqSp-X¬ Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmsS
]Tn-°m≥ Ah-kcw \¬Ip∂ hn[-Øn-emWv ]Ømw ¢mknse ]mTy-]-
≤Xn Bkq-XWw sNbvXn- p-≈-Xv. ]tbm-K-k-µ¿ -ß-fn¬ \n∂v mjm-
L-S-\-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Xncn-®-dnbm\pw hyXy-kvX-am-\-Z-fi-߃
D]-tbmKn®v hni-I-e\w sNøm\pw \ap°p Ign-b-Ww. sshhn-[y-ap≈
cN-\-I-fn¬ ]cn-Nbw t\Sp-tºm-gmWv AXp km[y-am-hp-∂-Xv. Bi-b-hn-
\n-a-b-Øns‚ hyXykvXX ASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ Cu At\z-jWw klm-b-I-
amhpw.
\Ωp-sS kmwkvIm-cnI]mc-º-cy-Øns‚bpw aqey-k-¶ev]ß-fp-sSbpw
thcp-Iƒ At\zjn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v kmln-Xy-]-T\w hgn-sX-fn-°p-∂p. ka-
Im-enI kmaq-ly-Po-hn-X-Ønse ]iv\-ßfpw ]Xn-k-‘nIfpw Cu ]mT-
]p-kvX-I-Ønse cN-\-Iƒ ]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.
sshhn-[y-ap≈ cN-\-Ifpw ]h¿Ø\\n¿tZ-i-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-
sIm≠v cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønbn´p≈ Cu ]mT-]p-kvXIw hn]pehpw hnim-e-hp-
amb mjm-]-T-\-Øn\p hgn-sbmcp-°p-sa∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.
kvt\lm-iw-k-I-tfmsS,
s]m^. Fw.-F. -Jm-Z¿
Ub-d-IvS¿
Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
]mT-]p-kvXI cN\mkanXn
AssUz-k¿ : sI.]n. i¶-c≥, doU¿ (dn´.) doPn-b-W¬ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v FUyq-t°-j≥
(F≥.-kn.-C.-B¿.-Sn), ssakq¿
sNb¿am≥ : tUm. Un. _©-an≥, s]m^-k¿ & slUv Hm^v Zn Un∏m¿´vsa‚v (dn´.) tIcf
k¿h-I-em-ime
AIv_¿ I°-´n¬, saº¿, AssUz-kdn t_m¿Uv, tIµ- km-lnXy
A°m-Zan
AlΩZv sjco^v Pn.Fw.-B¿.-F-®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. t^m¿ tKƒkv,
Imk-d-tKmUv
DΩ¿ Sn. sI, SmtKm¿ hnZym-\n-tI-X≥ Pn.F-®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. Xfn-∏-dºv
ISm-t¶mSv ]`m-I-c≥, FUn-‰¿ (dn´.) tIc-f- km-lnXy A°m-Zan
NnX kn.]n., Ub-d-IvS¿ (dn´.) lb¿ sk°-≠dn hnZym- ymkw
Pnt\-jvIp-am¿ Fcaw, Pn.F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv., aSm-bn, ]g-b-ßmSn ]n.H.
tPmjn Sn.sI., Pn.F-®v.-F-kv. XS-Øn¬∏-dºv
Znt\-i≥ ]n., Pn.F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv., Fcp-a-s∏- n.
\mcm-b-W-ta-t\m≥ ]n., s]m -k¿ (dn´.) tIc-f-h¿a tImtf-Pv,
Xr»q¿
]Im-i≥ ]n.]n., eIvN-d¿, Kh. tImtf-Pv, ]´m-ºn
t]a-N-µ≥ ]n., Pn.Pn. F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]ø-∂q¿
aS-hq¿ iin, So®¿ (dn´.) Pn.Fw.-_n.F®v.-F-kv.-Fkv ssX°m-Sv
aWn-I-WvT-Zmkv sI.hn., F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. N -©m¬
taml-\≥ sI.hn., Pn.Pn.F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv., at©cn
blnb ]n., Pn.hn.F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]øm-\-°¬
cma≥ ]n., Pn._n.-F-®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. s\∑md
hnt\mZv sshimJn, P\m¿Z-\-]pcw F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv., H‰-ti-J-c-awKew
ioP B¿.-F-kv., hnIvSdn tKƒkv sslkvIqƒ, t\aw
tUm. kXy-t\-i≥ ]n., Akn.s]m -k¿ (dn´.) Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
kmln¿Pm≥ F., Pn.F-®v.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]mf-bw-Ip∂v
AwK-߃
kwÿm\ hnZym- ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT)
hnZym-`h≥, ]qP-∏p-c, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 695 012
NnX-cN\
$ aZ-\≥, B¿´v FUn-‰¿, amXr-`qan. $ sI. jco^v, B¿´n-Ãv, amXr-`qan. $ cmP-Nµ≥, Kh. hn.F-®v.F-kv. h¿°e
$ cta-i≥ ]n., Ccn-ß-∂q¿ lb¿ sk°≠dn kvIqƒ. $ Beo-kv, alm-ap-Z, imkvX-aw-Kew
hnZKv[kanXn
H.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏v, s]m^-k¿ & slUv Hm^v Zn Un∏m¿´vsa‚v (dn´.), Kh¨sa‚v hna¨kv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
kpµ-cw [\p-h-®-]pcw, ]n≥kn-∏¬ (dn´.) bqWn-th-gvkn‰n tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
hn. a[p-kq-Z\≥ \mb¿, s]m^-k¿ (dn´.) sk‚v tkthygvkv tImtf-Pv, Xpº, Xncp-h-\-¥]pcw
tUm. Fkv.-sI.hk-¥≥, s]m^-k¿ (dn´.), ioi-¶c tImtf-Pv, ImeSn
tUm. Fw.F≥. Imc-t»-cn, s]m^-k¿, tImgn-t°mSv k¿h-I-em-ime
tUm. _n.-hn.i-in-Ip-am¿-, doU¿, bqWn-th-gvkn‰n tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
tUm. sI.F. hm-kp-°p-´≥-, s]m^-k¿ (dn´.) Kh¨sa‚v hna¨kv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
tUm. Fkv.-sI. A\n¬ , eIvN-d¿, tImgn-t°mSv k¿h-I-em-ime
A°m-Z-anIv tImUnt\‰¿
tUm. ]n.sI.XneIv, dnk¿®v Hm^o-k¿, Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
ae-bmfw 5
t]Pv
1. hm°mw h¿W-°pS NqSn... ............................................... 07
Fs‚ `mj ................................................................................................ 08
hm°ns‚ IqsS-cn-bp∂p ........................................................................ 09
kuµ-cy-]qP.............................................................................................. 12
ae-bmfw ...................................................................................................... 14
2. thWaokvt\l-_-‘-ß-fq-gn-bn¬ ............................... 18
sIm®pZpxJß-fp-dßq! .... .................................................................... 18
_“m-ebw Xpd-°-s∏´p ...................................................................... 20
tXmcm-ag ..................................................................................................... 24
Fs¥m-s°tbm \jvS-s∏´ Hcmƒ ................................................... 25
3. Aebpw aebpw IS-∂-h¿ ............................................... 31
BSp-Po-hnXw ............................................................................................. 31
B mw]Wn-°m¿ ................................................................................... 36
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen6
`mc-X-Øns‚ `c-W-L-S\`mKw IV I
auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃
51 I. auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃ ˛ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂h `mc-X-Ønse Hmtcm
]uc-s‚bpw I¿Øhyw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv ˛
(I) `c-W-L-S-\sb A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ BZ¿i-ß-sfbpw ÿm]-\-ß-
sfbpw tZiob]Xm-I-sbbpw tZiobKm\-sØbpw BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(J) kzmX-¥y-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ \ΩpsS tZiobka-c-Øn\v ]tNm-Z\w \¬Inb
al-\o-bm-Z¿i-ßsf ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]n≥Xp-S-cp-Ibpw sNøpI;
(K) `mc-X-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw sFIyhpw AJ-fi-Xbpw \ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw
kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(L) cmPysØ ImØp-kq-£n-°p-Ibpw tZiob tkh\w A\p-jvTn-°p-hm≥ Bhiy-
s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(M) aX-]-chpw `mjm-]-chpw ]mtZ-in-Ihpw hn`m-Ko-b-hp-amb sshhn-[y-߃°Xo-
X-ambn `mc-X-Ønse F√m P\-߃°p-an-S-bn¬, kulm¿Zhpw s]mXp-hmb
kmtlm-Z-cy-a-t\m-`m-hhpw ]pe¿Øp-I. kvXoI-fpsS A¥- n\v Ipdhp hcp-
Øp∂ BNm-c-߃ ]cn-Xy-Pn-°pI;
(N) \ΩpsS kΩnikwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kº-∂-amb ]mc-º-cysØ hne-a-Xn-°p-
Ibpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI;
(O) h\-ßfpw XSm-I-ßfpw \Zn-Ifpw h\yPo-hn-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ ]IrXym D≈
]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Pohn-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw
ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(P) imkvXo -b -amb Img vN -∏mSpw am\-hn -I -Xbpw, At\z -j-W-Øn\pw
]cnjvIcWØn\pw D≈ at\m-`m-hhpw hnI-kn-∏n-°pI;
(Q) s]mXp-kzØv ]cn-c-£n-°p-Ibpw i]Yw sNbvXv AIaw Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpI;
(R) cmjvSw bXv\-Øn-s‚bpw e£y-]m-]vXn-bp-sSbpw D∂-X-X-e-ß-fn-te°v
\nc¥cw Db-c-Ø-°-hÆw hy‡n-]-chpw Iq´m-b-Xp-amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚
F√m afi-e-ß-fnepw D¬Ir-jvS-X-bv°p-th≠n A[zm-\n-°p-I.
(S) Bdn\pw ]Xn-\m-en\pw CSbv°v ]mb-ap≈ Xs‚ Ip´nt°m c£y-_m-e-I-t\m,
AXXp kwKXn t]mse, amXm-]n-Xm-°tfm c£-mI¿Ømthm hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-
\p≈ Ah-k-c-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-I.
"F\n-°-Xns‚ mjbdn-bn-√t√m' F∂ Ihn-bpsS thh-em-Xn-bpsS s]mcp-sf-¥mhpw?
N¿®sNøp-I.
A¥n-bn-cp-´n¬
Zn°p-sX-‰nb s]¨]£n
Xs‚ IqSn-s\-s®m√n
Xs‚ Ip™n-s\-s®m√n
kw`-an®p Ic-bp-∂p.
F\n-°-Xns‚ IqS-dnbmw
Ip™n-t\-bp-a-dnbmw
F∂m¬ F\n-°-Xns‚
`mj-b-dn-bn-√t√m.
hn[n Iem-]nb
]cn-`mj : B‰q¿ chn-h¿a
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen8
an≠n-Øp-S-ßm≥ ian-°p∂ ]n©nfw˛
Np≠n-t∑-e-Ωn-™-∏m-tem-sSm-∏w,
AΩ-sb-∂p≈ c≠-£-c-a-√tbm
ktΩ-fn-®o-Sp-∂-sXm-∂m-a-Xmbv
a‰p≈ `mj-Iƒ tIhew [mXn-am¿!
a¿Øy∂p s]‰Ω X≥`m-j-Xm≥.
amXm-hn≥ hm’-ey-ZpKv≤w \pI¿∂mte
ss]X-߃ ]q¿W-h-f¿® t\Sq.
AΩ-Xm≥ Xs∂ ]I¿∂p-X-cp-sºmtg
\Ωƒ°-ar-Xp-a-ar-Xm-bvtØm∂q!
GsXmcp thZ-hp-ta-sXmcp imkvX-hp˛
tasXmcp Imhy-hp-ta-sXm-cmƒ°pw
lrØn¬∏Xn-tb-W-sa-¶n¬ kz`m-j-X≥
h‡-Øn¬ \n∂p Xm≥ tIƒ°-thWw.
lrZyw kz`m-j-X≥ ioI-c-tam-tcm-∂p˛
apƒtØ-\mbvt®cp∂p NnØ-Xm-cn¬;
A\y-_n-µp-°-tfm, X¬_-ln¿`m-Kta
an∂n-®p-\n¬°p∂ Xqap-Øp-Iƒ.
BZn-a-Im-hyhpw ]©-a-th-Zhpw
\oXn-s∏m-cp-fp-ap-]-\n-jØpw
]mSn- kz-Io-bsc tIƒ∏n® ssIcfn
]mS-h-lo\-sb-∂m¿ ]dbpw?
sIm≠mSn \m\m-hn-Nn-¥\X¥p-°ƒ
sIm≠mfl`mjsb hmbv∏n-°m-bvIn¬
tIc-f-Øn-∂o-bn-cpƒ°p-≠n¬ \ns∂m∂p
tIdm≥ ]nSn-°-b-sd¥p thsd?
a‰p≈ `mj-Iƒ tIhew [mXn-am¿!
a¿Ø-y-∂p -s]-‰-Ω -X≥`mj- Xm≥.
(kmln-X-y-a-RvP-cn, Ggmw`mKw)
$ ""tIc-f-Øn-∂o-bn-cpƒ°p-≠n¬ \ns∂m∂p
tIdm≥ ]nSn-°-b-sd¥p thsd?''
Fß-s\-bmWv amXr-`mj Ccpƒ°p-≠n¬\n∂p Ic-I-b-dm-\p≈ ]nSn-°-b-dmbn
Øocp-∂Xv?
$ ""a‰p≈ `mj-Iƒ tIhew [mXn-am¿!
a¿Ø-y-∂p -s]-‰-Ω -X≥`mj- Xm≥.''
amXr-`mj s]‰Ωbv°p Xpey-am-sW-∂m-Wt√m Ihn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. amXr-`mj F∂
Bibw "Fs‚ `mj' F∂ Ihn-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.
$
h≈-tØmƒh≈-tØmƒ
ae-bmfw 9
ico-csØ Iogvs∏-Sp-Ømt\ shSn-bp-≠-
Iƒ°m-hq. Bflobamb Iogvs∏-Sp-Ø-ens‚
am[yaw `mj-bm-Wv. `mj-bnepw kmln-Xy-
Øn-ep-ap≈ Fs‚Xs∂ hnZym-`ymkm\p-`-h-
ß-fn¬\n∂v AXn\v Nne DZm-l-c-W-߃
\¬Imw.
Rms\mcp henb I¿j-I-Ip-Spw-_-Øn-emWv
P\n-®-Xv. A—≥, \mep `mcy-am¿, Ccp-]-Øn-
sb´p a°ƒ. A°m-esØ coXn -bn¬
hf¿∂p ]¥-en®v Hcp kaqlw t]mep≈
IpSpw-_w.
hb-ep-I-fn¬ ]Wn-sb-Sp-Øn-cp∂ R߃
KnIpbp kwkm-cn-®p. hoSn-\p-≈nepw ]pdØpw
R߃ Cu `m-j-bmWv kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
XoIq´n Np‰pancp∂v IY tI´n-cp∂ A°m-
esØ kmbm-”-߃ Fs‚ Hm¿a-bn-ep-≠v.
apXn¿∂-h¿ Ip´n-Iƒ°mbmWv IY-Iƒ ]d-
™n-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw F√m-hcpw AXv Bkz-
Zn-®n-cp-∂p. R߃ ASpØ Znhkw a‰p Ip´n-
Iƒ°v B IY-Iƒ ]d™psImSp-°pw.
bqtdm∏p-Imcp-sSbpw B^n-°-≥ P∑n-I-fp-
sSbpw ]mSßfnepw ]qt¥m- -ßfnepw ]Wn-
sb-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p B Ip´n-Iƒ.
KnIp-bp-hn¬ ]d-™p-X∂ an° IY-I-fnepw
arK-ß-fm-Wv IYm-]m-X-߃. sNdn-b-h\pw
Zp¿_-e-\p-sa-¶nepw kqX-im-en-bmb apb-em-
bn-cp∂p Rß-fpsS \mb-I≥. knwlw, ]p≈n-
∏p-en, Igp-X-∏pen XpS-ßnb IqcarK-
߃s°-Xntc t]mcm-Sp∂ apb-ens\ \mb-
I-\mbn R߃ AwKo-I-cn-®p. Ahs‚ hnP-
b-߃ Rß-fpsS hnP-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-
\n¬ \n∂p R߃ Hcp ]mTw Kln®p:
i‡s\ Zp¿_-e\v _p≤n-sIm≠v tXm¬∏n-
°mw. hcƒ®, AXn-h¿jw, kqcy-Xm-]w,
i‡-amb Im‰v XpS-ßn-bh t\cn-Sp∂ arK-
ßsf R߃ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p. ]Ir-Xn-bp-am-
bp≈ CØcw G‰p-ap-´¬ an°-t∏mgpw kl-
I-c-W-Øns‚ ]pXnb hgn-Iƒ tXSm≥ IY-
I-fnse Zp¿_-esc t]cn -∏n -®n -cp -∂p.
Ah¿°n-S-bnse t]mcm-´-ßfpw Rßsf
ckn-∏n-®p, ]tXy-In®v arK-ßfpw Cc-Ifpw
XΩn-ep≈ t]mcm-´w. ]Ir-Xn°pw arK-
߃°p-sa-Xn-tc-bp≈ Cc´t∏m-cm´w a\p-jy-
tem-I-Øns‚ bYm¿Y Pohn-X-t∏m-cm- -ß-sf-
bmWp ]Xn-^-en-∏n-®-Xv.
a\p-jy≥ apJy-I-Ym-]m-X-amb IY-Ifpw
R߃ hn´p-I-f-™n-√. a\p-jy-s\ tIµo-
I-cn-®p≈ IY-I-fn¬ c≠pXcw IYm-]m-X-
ß-fm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. [oc-X, Imcp-Wyw,
KqKn hm XnHmwtKmKqKn hm XnHmwtKm
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen10
Xn∑-tbm-Sp≈ FXn¿∏v, klm-\p-`qXn XpS-
ßnb kz`mhkhn-ti-j-X-I-fp-≈-hcm-bn-
cp∂p Hcp hn`mKw. c≠m-asØ hn`m-K-
Øn¬s∏-Sp -∂-h¿ B¿Øn, kzm¿Y-X,
Rms\∂ `mhw, kl-I-c-W-tØm-Sp≈
shdp∏v F∂n-h-bp-≈-hcmbn-cp∂p. BXy-¥n-
I-amb \∑ kl-I-c-W-amWv; AXm-bn-cp∂p
ÿnc-amb ]ta-b-hpw. cm£-k-∑m¿°pw Cc-
tX-Sp∂ arK-߃°p-sa-Xntc a\p-jy\pw arK-
ßfpw H∂n-°p∂ IY-Iƒ.
\∂mbpw tami-ambpw IY-]-d-bp-∂-h-¿
AhnsS D-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah¿ timXm-
°ƒ°v ]pXnb A\p-`qXn ]I¿∂psIm≠n-
cn-°pw. a‰mtcm ]d™ IY Ah¿°v IqSp-
X¬ \mS-Io-b-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-
™p. hm°p-I-fp-sSbpw _nw_-ß-fp-sSbpw
D]-tbm-K-Ønepw hnhn[ kzc-߃ krjvSn-
°p-∂- i_vZ-I-ao-I-c-WØnepw Ah¿ hyXy-
kvXX ]pe¿Øn. AXn-\m¬ R߃ hm°p-
I-fpsS A¿Y-Øn\pw Ah-bpsS hyXykvX
am\-߃°pw henb aqeyw Iev]n-®p. hm°p-
Iƒ shdpsX tIm¿Øn´ Nc-S√ mj. hm°p-
Iƒ sIm≠p≈ Ifn-I-fn-eqsS, IS¶-Y-I-fn-
eqsS, ]g-s©m-√p-I-fn-eqsS, A£-c-ß-fpsS
adn®psNm√-ep-I-fn-eqsS `mj-bpsS hio-I-
cWi‡n R߃°v Kln-°m≥ Ign-™p.
D≈-S-°-Øn-\∏pdw hnl-cn-°p∂ mj-bpsS
kwKoXw R߃ Aßs\ a\- n-em-°n.
_nw-_-ß-fn-eqsSbpw ]Xo-I-ß-fn-eqsSbpw
`mj R߃°v temI-Øns‚ ImgvN kΩm-
\n-®p. Ahbv°v Ah-bp-tS-Xmb kuµ-cy-
ap-≠-mbncp-∂p. Aßs\ hoSpw hbepw
R߃°v ]mY-anIhnZym-e-b-ß-fm-bn.
]ns∂ Rm≥ kvIqfn¬ tN¿∂p ˛ Hcp
sImtfm-Wn-b¬ kvIqƒ. AtXmsS Cu kzc-
t®¿® C√m-Xm-bn. Fs‚ hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚
`mj Fs‚ kwkvImc-Øns‚ `mj-bm-bn-cp-
∂n-√. kphn-ti-j-I¿ \S-Ønb Iam-¥-c-bn-
emWv Rm≥ ]Tn-°m≥ sN∂-Xv. ]n∂oSv
Rm≥, KnIpbp kzmX-¥y-hm-Zn-Ifpw IcnwK
kvIqƒ Atkm-kn -tb-j\pw \S-Ønb
am≥KpK hnZym-e-b-Øn¬ tN¿∂p. F\n°v
BZy-ambn \o≠ ssIb-Sn-bn-eqsS AwKo-
Imcw e`n-®Xv KnIpbp mj-bn¬ Rm≥ Fgp-
Xnb cN-\bv°m-Wv. Cu ImeØv Fs‚
Hu]-Nm-cnI hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚ `mjbpw
enap I¿jIkaq-l-Øns‚ mjbpw XΩn¬
s]mcpØ-s∏´p.
1952 ˛¬ sI\n-b-bn¬ A[n-\n-thi`c-W-
IqSw ASn-b-¥-cm-hÿ ]Jym-]n-®-tXmsS
kzcmPykvt\ln-I-fmb tZio-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ \S-
Ønbncp∂ hnZym-e-b-߃ Cw•o-jp-Im-cpsS
ta¬t\m-´-Øn-ep≈ hnZym-`ymkt_m¿Up-I-
fpsS Iogn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p. ho≠pw Fs‚
Hu]-Nm-cnI hnZym -`ymk-Øns‚ `mj
Cw•ojv Bbn-Øo¿∂p. sI\n-b-bn¬ Cw•o-
jn\v Hcp `mj-sb-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ henb
]m[m\yw D≠m-bn.
kvIqƒ ]cn-k-cØv Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw h®v
KnIpbp `mj-bn¬ kwkm-cn®p F∂ Ip‰-
Øn\v ]nSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv G‰hpw Xcw-Xm-
WXpw e÷m-h-l-hpamb A\p- -h-ß-fn-sem-
∂mbn amdn. Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°v imco-cnI]oU
\¬In-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-]p-dsa HSp-°m≥ Ign-
bmØ ]ngbpw. A[ym-]-I¿ Fß-s\-bm-bn-
cp∂p Cu Ip‰-hm-fn-Isf ]nSn-Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂Xv?
BZyw Hcp Ip´n°v Hcp _´¨ kΩm-\n-°pw.
amXr--`m-j-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂ Ip´n°v Ah-
\Xv ssIam-d-Ww. Aßs\ Cu _´¨ e`n®
F√m Ip´n-Ifpw sshIp-t∂cw Hcp-an®v
BcpsS ssIbn¬ \n∂mWv X߃°v
_´¨ e`n-®Xv F∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
AtXmsS Ip‰-hm-fn-Iƒ apgp-h≥ ]nSn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂p. Cu ]In-b- Ip´n-Iƒ°v Ip‰-hm-fn-Isf
]nSn-Iq-Sm-\p≈ Xmev]cyw hf¿Øn. IqSmsX
cmPy-tZm-ln-bm-bm¬ h∂p-`-hn-°mhp∂
\jvS-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Ip´n-Iƒ°p t_m[-
ap≠m-hp∂p. Cw•ojv Fgp-Xp-∂-Xntem
kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xntem anIhp ]I-Sn-∏n-®m¬
AXn\v henb kΩm-\-߃, A`n-\-µ-\w,
Ic-tLm-jw, Db¿∂ afi-e-ß-fn-te-°p≈
]th-i-\m-\p-aXn XpS-ßn-bh e`n-®n-cp-∂p.
_p≤n-i-‡n-bnepw Ie-bnepw imkvX-
Ønepw hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ F√m afi-e-ß-
ae-bmfw 11
fnepw Ign-hns‚ Af-hp-tIm¬ Cw•ojv mj-
bmbnØo¿∂p. tImf\nhmgvN-°m-esØ
hnZym-`ymkkwhn-[m-\-Øn\v h¿Whnth-
N\kz`mhw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
]mY-anIhnZym- ym-k-Øn¬ \n∂v c≠mw-L´
hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\v hnZym¿Yn-Isf Xnc-s™-
Sp-Øn-cp-∂Xv ]co-£-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. Fs‚
]T-\-Im-eØv B ]co-£sb sI\nb B^n-
°≥ ]mcw- -]-co£ F∂p hnfn-®n-cp-∂p. B
]co -£-bn¬ Pbn -°p -∂-Xn\v KWnX
imkvXw apX¬ ]Ir-Xn-]-T-\w hscbpw
Inkvhmlnen mjbpw Dƒs∏sS Bdp hnj-
b-ß-fn¬ hnP-bn-°-Ww. F√m hnj-b-ßfpw
Cw•o-jn¬ Fgp-X-Ww. Cw•ojv `mj-bn¬
tXm¬°p∂ B¿°pwXs∂ ]co-£-bn¬
Pbn-°m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
a‰p≈ hnj-b-߃°v FXXs∂ am¿°v
t\Sn-bmepw Cw•ojn¬ anI-hpIm-´n-bm¬
amXta _ncpZhnZym¿Yn AWn-tb≠ Nph∏v
Ku¨ e`n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Cw•o-jn\v
hnPbw amXw t]mcm! Cw•o-jn¬ A\n-Xc
km[m-cW hnPbw ssIh-cn-®m¬ amXta
Cu ]nc-an-Uns‚ G‰hpw Akq-bm-h-l-amb
ÿm\Øv FØn-t®-cm≥ Bhp-I-bp-≈q.
Cw•o-jn¬ tbmKy-Xm-]Xw e`n® hy‡n-
Iƒt° hnin-jvS-amb ÿm\-߃ Ae-¶-
cn-°m≥ km[n-°p--I-bp-≈q. A[n-\n-thi
kmam-Py-Øns‚ D∂-X-ß-fn¬ FØm-\p≈
Htc-sbmcp D]mbw Cw•ojv mj-bm-bn-cp∂p.
Cu `mj B[n-]Xyw Dd-∏n-®-tXmsSm∏w
kmln-Xy-]-T\w GXp-hn-[-Øn¬ thW-sa∂v
BXy-¥n-I-ambn Xocp-am-\n°p∂ i‡n
bmbpw AXv amdn. sI\n-b≥ hmsam-gn-Ifn-
eq-sS-bp≈ mjm-]-T\w \n¿Ø-em-°n. ]mY-
anI hnZym-e-b-Øn¬h®v ]ikvX BwK-
ekmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-sS efn-X-am°nb IrXn-
Iƒ hmbn°m≥ F\n°v Ah-kcw e`n®p.
Hen-h¿ SznÃv t]mep≈ IrXn-Iƒ `mh-\-
bpsS temI-Ønse Iq´p-Im-cmbn Znhkhpw
Fs‚ IqsSbp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sk°≠-dn
kvIqfn¬ IqSp-X¬ Kuc-h-ap≈ Cw•ojv
IrXn-Iƒ hmbn-®p. ItaW kz¥w mjbpw
kmln-Xyhpw R߃°v A\y-am -bn -
Øo¿∂p.
A[n-\nthikwhn-[m\w F¥mWv Rß-sf-
t∏m-ep≈ sI\n-b≥ Ip´n-I-fn¬ sNbvXXv?
HcphiØv Rß-fpsS mj-I-sfbpw kmln-
Xy-ßsfbpw ASn-®-a¿Øn. adp-h-iØv
Cw•ojv `mj-sbbpw kmln-Xy-sØbpw
BIm-i-tØmfw Db¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXns‚ ]Xym-LmXw hep-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
UntImf-ss\-knMv Zn ssa≥Uv
hnh¿ØI¿: _nPp-cmPv, _n\p- C-S-\mSv
$ \n߃°-dn-bm-hp∂ Hcp \mtSm-Sn-°Y ¢mkn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I. Ah-X-
cWssien IY-bpsS `mh-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn N¿®-sN-øp-I.
$ \nß-fpsS ]tZ-i-Øp -amXw ]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ GXm\pw hm°p-Iƒ Is≠Øn
Ahbv°v A¿Y-hn-h-cWw \¬In Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
$ ""ico-csØ Iogvs∏-Sp-Ømt\ shSn-bp-≠-Iƒ°m-hq. Bflobamb Iogvs∏-Sp-Ø-
ens‚ am[yaw mj-bmWv'' Cu A`n-]mbw hni-I-e\wsNbvXv Ip-dn-∏v Xbm-dm-
°p-I.
$ kvIqƒ]cn-k-c-Øp-h®v KnIpbp mj kwkm-cn-®m¬ in£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ A\p-`hw
hmbn-®-t√m. kvIqfn¬ ae-bmfw kwkm-cn-®-Xn\v ]ng CuSm-°nb A\p-`hw
tIc-f-Øn-ep-ap-≠v. \ΩpsS `mjsb A]-am-\n-°p-∂Xv \mw Xs∂-bt√? ]Xn-I-
c-W-°p-dn-s∏-gp-Xp-I. $
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen12
Ipfn®p ]qs∏m-en-∏m-´n¬
hnfn®p ae-\m-Sns\:
Hfn®p ]q°-fw-Xo¿Øp
Ifn® ]pe¿-th-f-Iƒ.
]d-∂p-t]m-bv]-©-h¿W˛
°nfn-°q-´-߃t]m-eth,
Ip∂n≥sN-cp-hn-tem-W-∏q˛
°pºn-tf-¥nb k‘y-Iƒ.
Imhn-a-Æn-gp-Ip-wsImºp
Ipep-°n-Øm-S-bm-´nbpw,
IpXn-®p-]m™q Nnß-∏q˛
tØcn¬∏q´nb Imf-Iƒ.
IÆo-c-Wn™p IpKm-a˛
e£van-t\m-°n-bn-cn-°-sh,
tIh-©n-tI-dn-t∏m-tbm-W˛
shÆn-em-h-Wn-cm-hp-Iƒ.
IkvXq-cn-°p-dn-]q-ip∂
hc-ºn≥ h°n-sem-s°bpw
Im¬sh-∏n-\m¬ ]q\n-cØo
cay-im-c-Z-I-\y-I.
kXz-sh-◊-sbgpw I∂n
hm\n¬®p-‰n-∏-d-°th,
]qa-Wn-®n-d-In≥Im-‰n˛
emSo kz¿Kobku`Kw!
\ni-X≥ JWvU-Im-hy-߃
XncpØpw kpcy-c-ivan-Iƒ
\n¿an®p Xqh-en≥Xp-ºm¬
`mh-\m-a-Wn-]-Ø\w!
kXy-]Ir-XnZo-]-Øn¬˛
°Øpw s]m≥Xn-cn-t]m-e-th,
Acn-hm-tf¥n\n¬°p∂q
I∂n- -I¿j-I-I-\y-I.
Ipfp-¿s°-b-hƒ t\m°p-tºmƒ
]qØq hn¨]n-®-I-s®Sn
Ahƒ \ocm-Sth \oe˛
Z¿∏Ww ]mgv®-fn-°pfw!
(]q°fw)
]n.- Ip-™n-cm-a≥\mb¿]n.- Ip-™n-cm-a≥\mb¿
ae-bmfw 13
$ ""]d-∂p-t]m-bv]©-h¿W˛
°nfn-°q-´-߃t]m-eth,
Ip∂n≥sN-cp-hn-tem-W-∏q˛
°pºn-tf-¥nb k‘y-Iƒ.''
""IÆo-c-Wn™p IpKm-a˛
e£van-t\m-°n-bn-cn-°-sh
tIh-©n-tI-dn-t∏m-tbm-W˛
shÆn-em-h-Wn-cm-hp-Iƒ.''
]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Ihn sXfn-bn-s®-Sp-°p∂ a\p-jy-`m-h-߃ Fs¥-√m-amWv? ]Ir-Xn-
h¿W-\-Isf Fß-s\-bmWv Ah Poh-Øm°p∂Xv?
$ ""Ipfn®p ]qs∏m-en-∏m-´n¬
hnfn-®p-a-e-\m-Sns\
Hfn®p ]q°fwXo¿Øp
Ifn® ]pe¿th-f-Iƒ.''
ASn-h-c-bn´ ]Z-Øn-\p- ]-Icw as‰mcp ]Zw Is≠-Ømtam? \n߃ Is≠-Ønb
]Zw Ihn-X-bpsS Xmf-Øn\pw `mh-Øn\pw CW-ßp-∂-XmtWm? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ tIc-f-Øns‚ ]Ir-Xn-ku-µcyw t]mse-Øs∂ `mj-bp-sS kuµcyhpw \in-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmtWm? N¿®sNøpI.
$
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen14
`qan-bpsS ]pg-Iƒ°pw I\n-Iƒ°pw aptº
Fs∂ Aar-Xq-´n-bn-cp∂ s]m°nƒs°mSn
thZ-\-bpsS [\y-aq¿—-bn¬ kzbw hf¿∂v
Fs∂ Dep-h-bp-sSbpw shfp-Øp-≈n-bp-sSbpw
Xo£vW kpK-‘-ß-fn-te-°m-\-bn-®-hƒ
shfn-®-Øns‚ A∏q-∏≥Xm-Sn-IƒsIm≠v
DÆn-bp-S-ense Cu‰p-tNmc XpS®v
amºq-a-W-Øn¬ kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-hƒ
s]m∂pw- h-bºpw sIm≠v Fs‚ \mhn≥Xp-ºn¬
J\n-I-fpsS Bghpw h\-ß-fpsS kmµ-X-bpw ]I¿∂-hƒ
Cc-bnΩs‚ Xmcm´pw DÆm-bn-bpsS ]Z-ßfpw sIm≠v
Fs∂ kz]v\-ß-fn-te-°p-d-°n-°n-S-Øn-b-hƒ
hnc¬Øp-ºn¬∏n-Sn®v aW-ens‚ sh≈n-s°m-ºn¬
lcn-io-bpsS cmP-a-√n-Iƒ hnS¿Øn-b-hƒ
A—-t\mSpw kqcy-t\m-Sp-sam∏w In-g-°p-]p-d-Øp-Zn®v
hymI-c-Whpw Ihn-Xbpw Im´n
k®n-Zm-\-µ≥k®n-Zm-\-µ≥
ae-bmfw 15
Fs∂ `b-s∏-SpØn ]tem-`n-∏n-®-hƒ
Fs‚ kvsf-bv‰n¬ hnS¿∂ hSn-hp‰ ag-hn√v
Fs‚ ]pkvX-I-Øm-fn¬ s]‰ps]cp-Inb abn¬∏oen
Fs‚ Np-≠p-I-fnse a[p-c-®-h¿∏p‰ Ce-™n-∏gw
hgn-b-cn-In¬ Rm≥ tI´p-h-f¿∂ \nc-¥c Jc-l-c-]nb
kzc-ß-fn-eqsS tX\pw hyRvP-\-ß-fn-eqsS Ccp-ºp-sam-gp-°p∂
Aº-sØm∂p Iºn-I-fp≈ hoW
Rm‰p-th-e-bn¬\n∂p Rm‰p-th-e-bn-te°p t]mIp∂
Infn-∏m-´ns‚ Ipep-ßp∂ Xq°p-]mew
Adnhpw BS-tem-S-Ihpw aW-°p∂
]g-sam-gn-I-fpsS \nd-\n-emhv
]mºn≥-am-f-߃ \nd™ IS-¶-Y-I-fpsS
\qWp-t]m-tI≠ ssaem-©n-h-gn-Iƒ
k‘y--I-fn¬ A·n-hn-ip-≤-bmbn
I\-I-]` sNmcn™ Fgp-Ø-—s‚ koXm-am-Xmhv
]®bpw Inco-S-hp-a-Wn™v Aca-Wnbpw Nneºpw Inep°n
R߃ t\Snb hmSmØ IeymWkuK-‘nIw
D’-h-∏n-t‰-∂sØ ]pe-cn-a-b-°-Øn¬
tN¶n-e-ap-g-°-tØm-sSm∏w ImXp-I-fn¬ ]qØp-\n∂
kmay-a-I-t∂m-cp-Zym\w
£oc-km-K-c-i-b-\s‚ \m`n-bn¬ apf-sb-SpØ
kzmXn-bpsS kwKoXktcm-cplw
Ben≥tNm-´n-se FÆ-a‰ taf-Øn-c-I-fn¬
Ben-e-bn¬ s]m¥n-°n-S∂ ssNX\yw
tkmf-as‚ Xmgvhc-bnse lwk-ip-`-bmb en√n
tami-bvs°m∏w ]h-Nn-®-hƒ, Zmho-Zn-t\m-sSmØv
Imf-°q-‰-∑m-cpsS sImºn¬\n∂p Ic-™-hƒ,
]pd-s∏-´-hƒ, Iqin-°-s∏-´-hƒ, Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰-hƒ,
ae-bm-fw.
"ae-bmfw' F∂ Ihn-X-bpsS BZy-Jfiw
(sXc-s™-SpØ Ihn-X-Iƒ 1965 ˛ 1998)
$ ""Fs‚ kvsfbv‰n¬ hnS¿∂ hSn-hp‰ ag-hn√v
Fs‚ ]pkvX-I-Øm-fn¬ s]‰p-s]-cp-Inb abn¬∏oen''
amXr-`mj ]I¿∂ A\p-`q-Xn-bmWv Ihn ChnsS Bhn-jvI-cn-®-Xv. \ap°v kz¥w
`mj ]nb-¶-c-am-hp-∂-Xns‚ Imc-W-߃ hni-I-e\w sNøp-I.
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen16
$ ""Adnhpw BS-tem-SIhpw aW-°p∂
]g-sam-gn-I-fpsS \nd-\n-emhv
]mºn≥am-f-߃ \nd™ IS-¶-Y-I-fpsS
\qWpt]mtI≠ ssaem-©n-h-gn-Iƒ''
]g-sam-gn-I-fp-sSbpw IS-¶-Y-I-fp-sSbpw Fs¥√mw ]tXy-I-X-I-fmWv ASn-h-c-bn´
]Z-߃ sIm≠p kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv? \n߃°p ]cn-N-b-ap≈ ]g-sam-gn-Ifpw
IS-¶-Y-Ifpw DZm-l-cn®p hnh-cn-°p-I.
$ ""A—\pw AΩbpw ]W-bn®
`mj ae-bmfw
Ipºn-fn¬ I™n, hni-∏m-‰p-hm≥
hm°pX∂ ae-bmfw
s]ß-tfm-sS√mw ]d™p Xfn¿°p-hm≥
h∂ ae-bmfw
Iqen t]msc-∂-X-dn™p ]nW-ßp-hm≥
Bbp[w X∂ ae-bmfw.'' (AΩae-bmfw˛Ipco∏pg ioIp-am¿)
$ ""Fs∂-bp-d-°m≥ InS-Øp-sºmgpw sas√˛
sas√-bn-cp-´n∂pa∏pdw ]f-b-Øn˛
sem∂m-b-en-bn-s®-Sp-°p-sºm-gpw, ]ns∂
Rm\dnbmsX hnfn-®p-W¿Øp-sºmgpw
F¥n-s\-∂n-√m-sX-bp-Z-b-KXn hne-b-߲
sf∂n-eq-sS-∂p-am-h¿Øn-®n-Sp-sºmgpw
hms°s‚bΩ-bp-a-—-\p-am-Ip∂p
hm°n≥ hnc¬ Xqßn-bt√m \S-°p-∂p.'' (hm°v˛hn. a[p-kq-Z-\≥\mb¿)
$ ""A—-t\mSpw kqcy-t\m-Sp-sam∏w In-g-°p-]p-d-Øp-Zn®v
hymI-c-Whpw Ihn-Xbpw Im´n
Fs∂ `b-s∏-SpØn ]tem-`n-∏n-®-hƒ'' (ae-bm-fw-˛-k-®n-Zm-\-µ≥)
Ihn-Xm-`mK߃ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv `mj-tbmSv Ihn-Iƒ°p≈ ho£Ww hne-bn-cp-
ØpI.
$ ""tN¶neapg-°-tØm-sSm∏w ImXp-I-fn¬ ]qØp\n∂ kma-y-a-I-t∂m-cp-Z-ym\w''
tN¶n-e-bpsS apg°w F∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw "tN¶n-e-ap-g°w' F∂v Ihn ChnsS ]tbm-
Kn-®-sX¥psIm-≠mhmw? N¿®sNøp-I. kam-\-amb ]tbm-K-߃ Is≠Øn
]tXy-I-X-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-I.
$ ""BZw \osb-hn-sSsØ'∂cpƒ sNbvX
\mZwtI´p Ipepßn ]dp-Zok
BZ-hp-a-g-tI-dnb `mcybpw
`oXn-]q≠p `an®phnd-®p-S≥
ssZhIev]\m\mZ-߃ tI´-t∏mƒ
ssZhn-I-ap-≈n¬ ]p°p-S-\m-Zhpw
ae-bmfw 17
ssZh-\ymbw IS-∂Xp Nn¥n®p
ssZhta! ]ng-s®-∂-h≥ tXdn-\m≥
\mW-sa-s¥-∂-dn-bmØ am\p-j¿
\mWn®p ]X-hkvXw [cn-®p-S≥
sNbvX-tZm-j-Øn-∂p-Ø-c-a-s∏mtg
kpXm-]-tØm-S-\p-`-hn-®m-c-h¿
hºp-tam-ln-®-kp-c-t\m-sSm-∂n®p
]mºp-am-\p-jsc NXn-sN-bvI-bm¬
]mºns\ kI-te-i≥ i]n-®p-S≥
h≥]I am\p-j¿°m°n Iev]n®p.''
18˛ mw \q‰m-≠n¬ tIc-f-Øn-se-Ønb P¿a≥ anj-\-dn-bmb A¿tWm-kp-]m-Xn-cn-
bpsS "IqXm-i-∏m\' F∂ IrXn-bnse Hcp `mK-amWv apI-fn¬ tN¿Øn-´p-≈Xv.
CXnse `mjm-coXn C∂sØ `mjm-co-Xn-bp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv Ipdn-s∏-
gpXp-I.
$
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen18
imh-W-]p-jv]-߃ ImtXm¿Øp \n¬°p-s∂m˛
coh-gn-Øm-c-bn-eqtS,
H°-Øp-]m-´ns‚ tX≥Ip-S-ta¥n \o˛
sbØnbn√;¥n abßo!...
s]¨sIm-So, \o aWnØw_pcp-hm-°p-am˛
a¨Ip-S-an-∂m¿°p hn‰q?
\mthdpw ItÆ-dp-ta¬°m-sXbo ae˛
\mSn-s\-t∏m-‰p∂ Km\w
\mK-^Ww hnXn¿Øm-Snb ]p≈p-h˛
hoW-bn-s∂t¥ abßo?
H.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏vH.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏v
ae-bmfw 19
""]mSpI ho≠p'' sat∂m-Xp∂p ho¿∏n-´p
]mXn-cm-∏q-hns‚ au\w.
\o´p∂p cmhp-Iƒ shÆn-em-hn-∂n-f-˛
-∂o¿°pSw: ""samØn-°p-Sn°q!''
sXm´p-W¿Øo-Sp∂p ]ns∂-bn-fw-sh-bn¬
sam´p-I-fn-°n-fn-Iq- n.
sX®n-∏-g-ß-fn-dp-Øp-sIm-t≠m-Sp∂
sX°≥a-Wn-°m-‰p-tamXo:
""]mSpI ho≠pw...'' kph¿W-i-e-`-߃
]mdn-∏-d-°p∂p Np‰pw!
sIm°p hnS¿Øp∂nsX∂nsetbIm¥˛
X]vXamw \oUØn-\p≈n¬
As°m®p imcnI!˛`qanI\ybvs°gpw
ZpxJ߃ ]mSnb Xø¬˛
\mSp shSn™pt]mw \∑IƒX≥ IY*
]mSnb ss]¶nfnss∏X¬
sIm°n¬ Npc∂ \dp-t¥≥ \pI¿s∂s‚
sIm®pZpxJßfp-dßq!
\n߃X≥ IÆo¿ Ie-cm-Xn-cn-°s´˛
bns∂-¶nepsas‚ ]m´n¬!
(A·n-i-e-`-߃)
$ \∑-I-ƒ \mSp-sh-Sn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂Xns\-°p-dn®v ss]¶n-fn-ss∏-X¬ ]mSp-tºmƒ Ihn-
bpsS sIm®pZpxJ߃ Dd-ßp-∂p. "\n߃X≥ IÆo¿ Ie-cm-Xn-cn-°s´
bns∂-¶nepsas‚ ]m´n¬!' F∂v Ihn BK-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Ihn-Xsb
kw_-‘n® F¥p ImgvN-∏m-SmWv CXn-\p-]n-∂n-ep-≈Xv?
$ \mtSm-Sn-kw-kvIr-Xn-bpsS \miw Hcp-`m-KØv `oj-Wn-bmbn \n¬°p-∂p. ]Ir-Xn-
bpsS cay-`m-h-߃ adp-`m-KØv Ihnsb \nc-¥cw ]tem-`n-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu sshIm-
cnI ]Xn-k‘n Ihn-X-bn¬ Fß-s\-bmWv sXfn-bp-∂Xv?
$ sshIm-cn-I-X, kwKo-Xm-fl-I-X, sshb-‡n-IX XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv `mh-Ko-X-ß-
fpsS khn-ti-j-XIƒ. "sIm®pZpxJ-ß-fp-dßq...!' F∂ IhnX hni-I-e\w sNbvXv
khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-I.
$
*ssItIbn cmas\ Im´n-te-°-b-∏n®p; ]ns∂, B cma≥ Xs∂ koX-sb-bpw.
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen20
sIm√w, amkw, Znhkw Cs∂-\n-t°m¿a-
bn-√. Hcp-\mƒ AkvX-a-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn c≠-
]-cn-Nn-X-∑m¿ Fs‚ ]Sn-°¬ h∂v Fs∂
At\z -jn®p˛ Hcmƒ io. kn.F-kv .
tKm]mepw at‰-bmƒ At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp
kvt\ln-X\pw. Kpcp-hm-bq¿ t£X-]-thi\-
]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ Xo®qf io. sI. tIf-∏s‚
akvXn-jvI-Øn¬ \odn-∏p-I-bp∂ Ime-am-bn-
cp∂p AXv. Fs‚ \m´nse kh¿W-cn¬
A\p-Iq-en-Isfbpw ]Xn-Iq-en-I-sfbpw aW-
Ø-dn™v kwL-S\ ]pjvSn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ DZy-
an-°-W-sa-∂p≈ io. tIf-∏s‚ A`n-emja-
dn-bn-°-emWv Ah-cpsS BK-a-t\m-t±-iyw.
GsXm-c-h¿W\pw, Abm-sfX alm-\m-
bmepw icn, GXp kh¿W-k-t¶-X-Ønepw
]th-i\w \ntj-[n-®n-cns° Hcp \ºq-Xncn
Kr-l-Øn-te°v Ah-sc-ßs\ Ib-dn-hcpw?
Rm\-hsc ]qap-J-tØ°p sIm≠p-t]mbn
ka-cymZw kzoI-cn-®p. Hc-c-a-Wn-°q-dn-\p-≈n¬
R߃°p ]d-bm-\p≈Xv ]d-™-h-km-\n-
∏n-s®-¶nepw B sshInb thf-bn¬ Ahsc
Rm≥ t]mhm-\-\p-h-Zn-®n-√. Aßs\ Rß-
f-hnsS sskzc-ambn skm≈n-°q-Sn.
A∂v A—-\p≈ Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]mbw
Adp-]-Xn-ep-a-∏p-d-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw At±lw
A\p-h¿Øn®pt]m∂n-cp∂ Xt]m-\n-jvT-amb
Zn\-N-cy°p bmsXm-cbhpw _m[n-®n-cp-∂n√.
shfp-∏m≥ImeØv aWn aq∂p ap´n-bm¬
DW¿s∂-gp-t∂-¬°pw. Fs‚ hmk-ÿ-
eØp \n∂p kpam¿ Hcp \mgnI Zqc-ap-≠v
`mc-X-∏p-g-bn-te°v. Ahn-sS-bmWv At±-l-
Øns‚ Ipfn. ]pg-h-°-Øp≈ bt⁄-izcw
t£X-Øn¬ ]I¬ apgp-h≥ `P-\-an-cp∂v
Ign-®p-Iq-´pw. cmXn F´p-a-Wnt° Xncn-s®-
Øp-I-bp-≈q. XhnSp If-bmsX thhn®
\nthZyw kar-≤-amb hn`-h-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn
hnkvX-cn-®n-cp∂v DuWp Ign-°pw. Fs‚ mcy
ioa-Xn hn. Sn. iotZhn A¥¿P\w ]nXr-
\n¿hn-ti-j-amb `‡ym-Z-c-ß-tfmsS ]cn-N-
cn-°pw. DuWn-\n-S-bnse "shSn-h´'Øn¬
\n∂v A∂-∂sØ kmap-Zm-bnI˛cmjvSob
kmº-ØnI kwK-Xn-Isf kw_-‘n® hnh-
c-߃ At±lw At\z-jn-®-dn-bpw. Xoh-amb
hXw aqew ipjvI-i-co-c-s\-¶nepw shÆo-
dn¬ I\-se-∂-t]mse Hfn-™p-In-S-°p∂
IpSpw-_-kvt\lw B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ At±-
l-Øn¬ kap-÷zen-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp -∂p.
GXm≠v Hcp aWn-°q¿ \o≠p-\n¬°p∂ Cu
"Xncp-h-Ømgw' Hcp sshZnI I¿a-Øns‚
at´m-Sp-IqSn ]cy-h-km-\n® DSs\ At±lw
kz¥w apdn-bn¬ sN∂p InS°pw. 24 aWn-
°q-dn-\n-S-bn¬ Cl-tem-I-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w
Cu Hcp aWn-°q¿ amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cß-
s\-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ \ntXy-\-
bp≈ Pohn-X-N-cy. Znh-kØn-sem-cq-Wv, FÆ
tXbv°n-√, £uc-an√, H‰apt≠ DSp-°q, AX-
e-°p-I-bn-√, Iodn-bme√msX am‰p-I-bp-an-√.
taem-k-Iew `kvaw ]qipw. Npcp-°-Øn¬,
Cµn-b-ß-sf√mw _em-e-a¿Øn-s°m≠v
CW-°n-»o-en® B _“-N-cy-Po-hnXw im¥-
am-sbm-c-·n-]¿h-X-Øns‚ ]Xo-Xn-tbmsS
\o≠p-t]m-hpIbmbn-cp-∂p.
AXn-Yn-Ifpw Rm\pw-IqSn ]qap-J-Øn-cp∂p
shSn-]-d-bp-I-bm-Wv. cmXn aWn F´-Sn-®p.
Hcnfw\nemhv Krlm-¶-W-Øn¬ ]c-Øn-
s°m≠p ]©-an-®-µ≥ Z£n-W-N-I-hm-f-
Øn¬ Ncn™pXqßn-\n-∂p. hnim-e-amb
hb-en¬ Hcp ioX-°m‰p h´wNp‰n-°-fn-®p.
hn.Sn. `´-Xn-cn-∏mSvhn.Sn. `´-Xn-cn-∏mSv
ae-bmfw 21
B \nio-Y-\n-»-_vZ-Xsb t`Zn-®p-sIm-≠p≈
at¥m-®m-cWw C√sØ ]qap-JsØ apJ-
cn -X-am°n. Aº-e-°p-f-Øn¬ \n∂p≈
A—s‚ hc-hm-bn-cp∂p AXv. AXn-Yn-I-fmb
Cu Ah¿W¿ A—-\p-ambn t\cn- m¬ D≠m-
tb-°m-hp∂ B]¬^-e-ßsf `b-s∏´p
Rms\mcp kqX-∏Wn sNbvXp. A—≥
A¥∏p-c-Øn-e-W-bp-∂Xn\p apºmbn Rm\-
hsc Ipfn -°m≥ Iq´ns°m≠p-t]m-bn.
A—s‚ AØmgw Ign™v Dd-ßm≥ t]mb
ka-bw-hsc Rm\-hsc Ipf-°-S-hn¬ Xma-
kn-∏n-®p. At±lw DuWp-I-gn™p InS-∏m-
sb-∂-dn-™-tijw Rm≥ AXn-Yn-Isf Iq´n-
s°m-≠p-t]mbn AØm-g-am-cw- n-®p. Aßs\
Hcp henb \ne-hn-f-°ns‚ apºn¬ Htc ]¥n-
∏m-b-bn-en-cp∂v R߃ DÆp-∂p. A¥¿P-
\-߃ Nm¿®-°m-cmb \ºqXn-cn-am¿s°-∂-
t]mse bmsXmcp ]cn-`-ahpw IqSmsX hnf-
ºp-∂p. tXm -Øn-en-S-Xq¿∂p-\n¬°p∂ Ihp-
ßn≥\nc-I-fn¬ ]pXp-Xmbn hncn™ ]q°p-
e-bpsS t\cnb aWw ]c-Øn-s°m≠v aµ
-am-cp-X≥ Rßsf hoin-°p-fn¿∏n-°p-∂p.
"F\n-°n-hsc a\- n-em-bn√'˛ A—s‚
i_vZw tI´p Rm≥ hmXn¬°-te°p
t\m°n. lc! lc! NI-em-kp -sIm≠v
Htc-dm-∏n´v c≠p ssIIfpw I´n-f-Øq-Wn-t∑-
e-a¿Øn-∏n-Sn®v sh≈-Øm-Sn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb
apJw Rß-fp-Æp∂ Xf-Øn-te-°p-¥n-∏n-Sn-
®p-sIm-≠v A—-\ßs\ \n¬°p-∂p. Fs‚
DS-em-k-Iew Np´p-\o-dn. Rm≥ hnb¿sØm-
en-®p. Dcp-´nb Dcpf ssIbn¬Øs∂ ]nSn-
®p-sIm≠v Hcp inem-]-Xn-a-t]mse Rm≥
\nt›-jvS-\mbn Ccp-∂-pt]m-bn. sh≈-Øm-
Snbpw kva-°p-dnbpw NI-emkp]pX-∏p-ambn
apºn¬ s]s´∂p ]Xy-£-s∏´ A—-s\-
°≠v AXn-Yn-Iƒ A¥w-adn™n-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. hnf-ºm≥ ImØp\n¬°p∂ A¥¿P-\-
߃ "tKmkmbn'sb°≠ s]¨In-Sm-ß-sf-
t∏mse ASp-°-f-ap-°n¬ sNs∂m-fn-®n-cn-
°p∂p!
"Fhn-Sp-∂mWv? F¥m-Wn-√-t∏cv? Ft∏mtg
h∂Xv?'˛ AXn-Yn-Iƒ \ºq-Xn-cn-am-cm-bn-cn-
°p-sa∂ [mc-W-bn¬ ssI∏Sw s\‰n-Ø-S-
Øn-e-a¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v A—≥ ho≠pw
Ipi-e-am-cw- n-®p. Ch¿ c≠o-g-h-cm-sW-∂p≈
]®-∏-c-am¿Yw sh´n-Øp-d-∂p ]d-™mtem
Fs∂m-cm-temN\ CSnan∂¬ t]mse Fs‚
Xe-bn -e-Sn -®p. AsXs‚ hmbn¬\n∂p
hotg≠ Xma-kw, ""^! i∏! I≠ ]m°-
t\bpw t]m°-t\bpw _“m-e-b-Øn¬
sIm≠p-h∂p Np´p-s]m-´nbvt°y?'' F∂-´-l-
kn-®m-esØ ÿnXn-tbm¿Øp Rm≥ \Sp-
ßn.
"Ch¿ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ \n∂p hcp∂
t]m‰n-am-cm-Wv. As√-¶n¬ Acn-]-t°m-
esØ c≠p Xºp-cm-°-∑m-cmWv' Fs∂mcp
]®-°≈w X´n-hn- mtem? DØ-c-£-W-Øn¬
AXmbn Fs‚ Nn¥. "Xncp -hn -Xmw-Iq -
dnsehnsS-bmWv? F¥m-Wn-√-t∏cv? Fhn-sS-
bm-W-ΩmØv?' CØcw tNmZy-߃°v "\ºq-
Xn-cn-`mj-bn¬' adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ AXn-Yn-I-
sf-s°m-≠m-hmsX ]´-s]m-fn -™mtem
F∂mbn ]n∂sØ `bw. kmh[m\w
Nn¥n®v kam-[m\w I≠p-]n-Sn-°m-\p≈
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen22
kaban-√. A—≥ tNmZyw Bh¿Øn®p
XpSßn. s]s´-s∂s‚ Xe-bvs°mcp shfn-
]m-Sp-≠m-bn. hn]-Zn-ss[cyw Fs∂ c£n-®p.
""Ch¿ Gß-≠n-bq-cp≈ c≠o-g-h-cm-Wv. Kpcp-
hm-bqcv t£X-]-th-i\w kw_-‘n® Nne
Imcy-ß-ƒ°mbn tIf-∏≥ Ab-®n-cn-°-bm-
Wn-hsc''˛ Cu hmN-I-߃ Rm≥ ]d-bp-I-
b-√, Fs‚ a\- n¬\n∂v s]m´n-sØ-dn-°p-
I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. `qan ]nf¿∂p R߃
aqhcpw ]mXm-f-Øn-te-°m-≠p-t]m-bmepw
icn, kXyw ]d-™p-ht√m F∂ IrXm¿Y-
X-tbm-Sp-IqSn IÆpw-NnΩn Rms\m-cn-cp-Ø-
an -cp -∂p. sX√nS \o≠p -\n∂ \n»-
_vZXbv°ptijw _“-tem-I-Øp-\n∂p qan-
bn-te-s°mcp ktµ-iw-t]mse ]cn-]m-h-\-am-
sbmcp t]a-kz-c-Øn¬ A—s‚ Xncp-ap-
JØp\ns∂mcp KoXm-]-Zy-i-Iew samgn-™n-
d-ßn:
""am tX hyYm, am N hnaq-V-`mthm,
ZrjvSzm cq]w tLmc-ao-Zr-Mva-taZw
hyt]-X`ox ]oX-a\mx ]p\kvXzw
XtZh ta cq]-anZw ]]-iy''*
B Km\am[pcn hmSnb Xpf-kn-∏q-hns\ ]®-
sh≈w Xfn-®p-W¿Øp-∂-t]mse Rßsf
]p\¿÷o-hn-∏n-®p.
""\n߃ ]cn-`-an-t°≠. Krl-ÿ\v GX-
Xn-Ynbpw _m“-W-Xp-ey-\m-Wv. IpSp-abpw
]qWqep-a√ _m“-Wy-Øns‚ e£-Ww;
_“-⁄m-\-am-Wv. Cuiz-cm-`n-ap-J-ambn
sNøp∂ tkh\w _“-⁄m-\-Øn-te-
°p≈ cmP-ho-Yn-bm-Wv. Cu ]]-©w apgp-
h≥ Cuiz-c-a-b-am-Wv. Poh-Pm-e-Øn¬ C∂-
Xp¬Ir-jvSw, C∂-X-]-I-rjvSw F∂p ]cn-t—-
Zn-°m-\m¿°pw Ah-Im-i-an-√. F√mw Cuiz-
cs‚ Awim-h-Xm-c-ß-fm-Wv. PmXn, Abn-
Øw, aXw CsXms° kwkvIm -c
-t`-ZsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ hyXym-k-ß-fm-Wv.
⁄m\w-sIm≠pw I¿aw-sIm≠pw hniz-
t]aw t\Sp-∂-Xmtcm, Ah-\mWv Znhy≥.
Fs‚ apjn™ ]qWqepw `kva-°p-dnbpw
I≠v \n߃ `b-s∏-tS -≠. F\n°o
]ÿm\w CjvS-am-Wv. \n߃s°-t∏mgpw
ChnsS hcmw. BIm-hp∂ klmbw
ChnsS\n-∂p-≠m-hpw.''
Cßs\ A©p-an-\n-´p-t\-c-tØmfw Hcp
thZm-¥-]-kwKw sNbvXp. HSp°w "\n߃
]Xps° Ccn-°n≥. Rm\n-Øncn InS-°s´'
F∂p ]d™v t]mhp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Rm≥ BÀm-Zw-sIm-≠v aXn-a-d-∂p. ka-Xz-
kpµ-c-amb Hcp \h-tem-I-Øn-se-Øn-t®¿∂
kwXr]vXn tXm∂n Rß-ƒ°v. hr≤\pw
hnin-jvS-\p-amb Hcp _m“-Ws‚ a\- w-
kvImcw I≠v AXn-Yn-Iƒ A`n-am-\-]p-f-In-
X-cm-bn.
Cu kw`-h-Øn-\p-tijw Fs‚ hkXn
BcpsS t\scbpw Zp¿apJw ImWn-®n-´n-√.
AsX-√m-h¿°p-ambn Xpd-°-s∏- p. B ]Xnhv
C∂pw \ne-\n-∂p-h-cp-∂p.
(I¿a-hn-]mIw)
$ ""A—s\ th≠-Xp-t]mse a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bm-sX-t]mb Hcp aI\pw aIs\
\∂mbn a\- n-em-°nb Hc-—\pw Cu A\p- hIY-bv°-I-Øp-≠v''˛ ]mT- m-K-Ønse
sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ N¿®sNøp-I.
$ ""B Km\-am-[pcn hmSnb Xpf-kn-∏q-hns\ ]®-sh≈w Xfn®pW¿Øp-∂-t]mse
Rßsf ]p\¿÷o-hn-∏n®p''. A—s‚ hm°p-Iƒ tI´ hn.Sn-bp-sSbpw kplr-Øp-
°-fp-sSbpw am\-knI`mh-ß-fmWv Cu hcn-I-fn¬ ]Xn-^-en-°p-∂Xv. i‡nbpw
kuµ-cyhpw XpSn-®p-\n¬°p∂ CØcw hmIy-߃ Is≠Øn KZy-`m-j-bnse
Imhym-fl-I-Xsb°pdn®v Ipdn∏p Xbm-dm-°p-I.
* Fs‚ Cu tLmc-cq]w I≠n´p \n\-°p- hyY th≠. au-V-yhpw th≠. \n¿`-b\pw kw]o-X-
\p-am-bn´v Fs‚ Cu kuay-cq-]sØ (IrjvWs‚ kzcq-]-sØ) Øs∂ \o I≠p-sIm-≈q.
ae-bmfw 23
$ Np´p-s]m´n°pI, ]´s]mfn-bpI XpS-ßnb ]tbm-K-ßfpw ssien-Ifpw kµ¿`-
ßsf A¿Y-k-ºpjvSam-°p-∂-Xn\v FX-tØmfw klm-b-I-amWv? IqSp-X¬ DZm-
l-c-W-߃ Is≠Øn hni-I-e\w sNøp-I.
$ ka-Xz-kp-µ-camb Hcp -tem-I-Øn\mbn hn.Sn -Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S∂
]h¿Ø-\߃ Fs¥m-s°-bmWv? eLq]-\ymkw Xbm-dm-°pI.
$ IpSpw-_-Øn-sebpw kaq-l-Øn-sebpw _-‘-ßsf P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-chpw kvt\l-
_≤-hp-am-°m-\mWv \thm-∞m\ ]ÿm-\-ß-sf√mw ian-®-Xv. AXv hen-sbm-c-
f-hn¬ hnP-bn-°pIbpw sNbvXp. C∂v tIc-fobkaqlw Fhn-sS-bmWv FØn-
\n¬°p-∂Xv? \nßfpsS \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ Iq´p-Im-cp-ambn ]¶p-h-bv°p-I.
$
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen24
DΩp-°p-epkp acn-®∂p cmXn-bn¬
DΩ X\n®p ]pd-Øp-\n-∂p.
D‰-h-scm-s°bpw t]mbn-cp∂p
ap‰tam iq\y-ambv Xo¿∂n-cp-∂p.
hmS-I-bv°m-sb-Sp-Øp≈ Itk-c-Iƒ,
Kymkv sse‰v, ]mb-Iƒ sIm≠p-t]m-bn.
then-°¬ ]≠-hƒ \s´mcp Nº-I˛
t®mtSm-f-a-t∏m-fn-cp-´p- h-∂p,
NnΩn-\n-s°m-®p-hn-f-°ns‚ t\cnb
IÆo¿shfn®w XpS®p \n∂p.
DΩ-d-°¬∏-Sn-t®m-´n-e-h-f-gn˛
®n´ sNcn-s∏m-∂p-cpΩn t\m°n
]p≈n-°p-dn™n \n w-K-bmbv ]n∂nse
I√p-sh-´mw-Ip-gn-°p-≈n-te-dn.
sXt°-∏p-d-Ø-b-t°m-en-e-h-fpsS
CØn-cn-∏n™nb Ip™p-Sp-∏n¬
Np‰n-°-dßn \S-°p∂ Ims‰m∂p
X´n-t\m-°n, ac-s°m-ºn-te-dn.
DΩp-°p-epkp acn-®∂p cmXn-bn¬
DΩ ]pdØp X\n®p \n¬s°
s]s´∂p h∂q s]cp-a-g, DΩtbm
Nns°-∂-IØp Xnc-™p-sN∂p
hns√m-Sn-s™∂p NnWp-ßn-Sm-dp-s≈mcm
]p≈n-°pS sNs∂-SpØp ]m™p
]≈n-∏-d-ºn¬ ]pXp-Xmbv Ipan-®n´
aÆ-´n-tase \nh¿Øn-sh-®p.
DΩp-°p-epkp acn-®∂p cmXn-sXm˛
´nt∂m-fam ag tXm¿∂p-an-√.
$ DΩp-°p-ep-kphns‚ th¿]m-Sn¬ DΩbv°pw ]Ir-Xn-°p-ap-≠mb Xocm-timIw Ihn-
X-bn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-ßs\? ZpxJ]q-cn-X-amb A¥-co-£hpw am\-
kn-Im-h-ÿbpw ]Xn-^-en-∏n-°m≥ Ahbv°v Ign-bp-∂pt≠m? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ ""DΩp-°p-epkp acn-®∂p cmXn-sXm˛
´nt∂m-fam ag- tXm¿∂p-an√' F∂ hcn-Iƒ \¬Ip∂ A¿Y-hym]vXn
Is≠Øn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.'
$ ÿe-Im-em-Xo-X-amb am-XrZpxJamWv sshtem-∏n-≈n-bpsS "amº-g-'Øn\pw d^o°v
Al-Ω-Zns‚ "tXmcm-a-g'bv°pw Akp-e-`-amb `mh-`wKn \¬Ip-∂-Xv˛ Ihn-X-Iƒ
Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. $
d^o°v Al-ΩZvd^o°v Al-ΩZv
ae-bmfw 25
Ahƒ Iptd t\c-ambn Ah-cpsS ]n∂mse
\S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ft∏m-gmWv IqsS IqSn-
b-sX-∂-dn-bn-√. Hcp kmcn-°-S-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-
Øn-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ ASp-Øp-h-∂p-
sIm≠v ]d-™p:
"\√ k©n'.
Hcp s]¨Ip-´n. Btdm Gtgm hb- p
-Im-Wpw. \c® t^m°v, FÆ-a-b-an-√mØ
Xe-apSn apI-fn¬ Hcp Nc-Sp-sIm≠v sI´n-h-
®n-cn-°p-∂p.
Fb¿I≠o-j-≥ sNbvX IS-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-
Øn-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ NpSp-Im‰v apJ-tØ-bv°-Sn-
®p. Ahƒ ]d-™Xv icn-bm-Wv. k©n \√
`wKn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Nph∏p\nd-Øn¬ kmcn-
°-S-bpsS t]cv hep-Xmbn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
adp-`m-KØv kpµ-cn-bmb Hcp kvXobpsS
NnX-hpw.
""Rm\n-hsf sImtd t\c-mbn i≤n-°p∂p.''
caWn ]d-™p. ""\Ωfv Imdo∂v s]md-sØ-d-
ßy-s∏m-sXm´v Cu s]Æv ]n∂m-se≠m-bn-
cp∂p.''
Abmƒ i≤n-®n-cp-∂n√. Im¿ tPmkv PMvv-
j-\-SpØv ]m¿°vsNbvXv Ah¿ \S-°p-I-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. BZyw ca-Wn°v Hcp hf hmßm-
\mbn B`-c-W-°-S-bn¬ Ib-dn. icn°pw ]d-
™m¬ aq∂v B`-c-W-°-S-bn¬ Ib-dnb
tij-amWv Ahƒ°v CjvS-s∏´ hf In´n-b-
Xv. AXp-I-gn™v aq∂v kmcn-°-S-bn¬ Ib-dn-
°-gn-™p. CXv \mem-asØ IS-bm-Wv. I≠-
t∏mƒ CjvS-s∏´ Hcp kmcn-sb-SpØp F∂-
√msX t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp∂ kmcn Ct∏mgpw
In´n-bn-´n-√. \me-cbv°p XpS-ßnb \S-Ø-
am-Wv. At∏mƒ apX¬ B Ip´n Xßsf
]n≥Xp-S-cp-I-bm-bncps∂t∂m?
IuX-pI-ap≈ apJØv Ahn-S-hnsS sNfn-
bp≠v. ssIbn¬ c≠p Ip∏n-h-f-Iƒ. IgpØv
\·-am-Wv. sNcn-∏n-√mØ Imen¬ s]mSn
]nSn®n-cn-°p-∂p. Abmƒ Ioi-bn¬ X∏n Hcp
cq]-sb-SpØv Ahƒ°v t\sc \o´n. Ahƒ
Xe-bm-´n-s°m≠v ]d-™p:
"Duw Dw'.
"tht≠?'
"Duw Dw.'
Abmƒ \mWbw Xncn®v t]m°-‰n-en-´p.
Ah¿ ASpØ IS-bn-te°p \S-∂p. Dt±-in®
\nd-ap≈ kmcn In´msX \o\-bpsS Ieym-
W-Øn\v t]mIp∂ ]iv\-ta-bn-s√∂v caWn
]d-™n-cp-∂p. "\ns‚ kz¥w A\p-P-Øn-
bpsS aI-fmWv \o\.' Abmƒ ]dbp-∂p.
AXp-sIm-s≠m∂pw Imcy-an-√. Hcp hmin-
bpsS IY-bm-Wv. Fhn-sSbpw In´mØ B
\ndw X\n°pw In´ptam F∂p t\m°-s´.
ASpØ kmcn-°S Ipd-®-I-se-bmW.v Xncn-
®p-t]mbn Imsd-Sp-Ømtem F∂m-tem-Nn-®p.
Imsd-Sp-°m≥ Ipd®p ]n∂n-te-°p \S-°-Ww.
AXp Ign™v ap°m¬ Intem-ao-‰¿ HmSn-®-
tijw AhnsS ]m¿°v sNøm≥ ÿew
In´ptam Fs∂m∂pw Adn-bn-√. \S-°m≥
Xs∂ Xo¿®-bm-°n. \S-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ
GsX-¶nepw IS I≠m¬ Ibdn t\m°p-Ibpw
sNømw. henb IS-I-fn¬ amX-a-√t√m \√
kmcn In´pI.
kmcn-°-S-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv
I≠-Xv, B s]¨Ip´n. Ahƒ \S-∏m-X-bn¬
ImØp-\n¬°p-∂p. Ahsc I≠-t∏mƒ Ah-
fpsS apJw hnS¿∂p. Ahƒ tNmZn-®p:
"thsd kmcn hmßote?'
C. lcn-Ip-am¿C. lcn-Ip-am¿
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen26
ca-Wn-bpsS ssIbn¬ t\ctØ I≠ k©n
amXta D≈q F∂v Ahƒ i≤n®p.
Abmƒ shdpsX Nncn-®p. Ahƒ ho≠pw
Ah-cpsS ]n∂mse \S-∂-t∏mƒ Abmƒ°v
Hcp h√m-bva-bp-≠m-bn. F¥n-\mWv Hcp
sXcphpsX≠n s]¨Ip´n Ah-cpsS
]n∂mse IqSn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv? ]t£, ca-
Wnsb AsXm∂pw kv]¿in-°p-∂n-√. Ahƒ
Ipd®p hnj-a-Øn¬ Bbn-cn -°-bm-Wv.
""ChnsS B \ndw In´n-bn-s√-¶n¬ \ap°v
Xriqcpw IqSn H∂v At\z-jn-°mw. AhnsS
In´n-bn-s√-¶n¬ tImb-º-Øq-cn¬, As√-¶n¬
sNss∂-bn¬Øs∂ t]mtI-≠n-h-cpw. Hcm-
gvNsb D≈q Ieym-W-Øn-\v. AXn-\n-Sbv°v
ªu v Xp∂n-°-Ww. tPmk-^ns‚ ASpØv
sImSp-Øm¬ ka-b-Øn\v In´n-√. Abm-fpsS
Ãn®nMv \√-Xm-Wv. ]t£, \msf-Øcmw
\msf-Øcmw F∂p ]d™v C´p Ifn-∏n-°pw.''
Abmƒ Xncn™pt\m°n. B s]¨Ip´n
Xs∂ t\m°n Nncn-°p-∂p. ssZhta, F¥m-
W-h-fpsS Dt±iyw?
""t\m°q, Cu IS-bn-sem∂v tIdn-t\m-°mw.
Ign -™-sIm√w HmW-Øn\v Fs‚
kvssIªq kmcn-sb-Sp-ØXv Cu ItS∂m.''
Ah¿ IS-bn-te°v Xncn-™p. hmXn¬ IS-
°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≥]v Abmƒ Xncn™p t\m°n.
B s]¨Ip´n \S-∏m-X-bn¬ Ccp-ºgn
sIm≠p-≠m-°nb Kn√n-t∑¬ ]nSn®v Nncn-
®p-sIm≠v Ahsc t\m°n \n¬°p-I-bm-Wv.
F¥m-W-h-fpsS a\- n¬? IS-bn¬ \nd-ß-
fpsS XpSn-∏n¬ Abmƒ Ahsf ad-∂p. ]´p-
km-cn-I-fpsS ]f-]-f-∏v, AsX-SpØv Hcp No\-
he Fdn-bp-∂-t]mse \ΩpsS ap≥]n-te-°n-
Sp∂ kpµ-cn-I-fmb sNdp-∏-°m-cn-I-fpsS ]k-
cn-∏v, F√mw Abmƒ°n-jvS-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-
cpsS hn¬]-\-X-¥-ßfpw t\m°n-\n¬°p-
I ck-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""t\m°q, Cu kmcn
tN®n°v F¥p am®m-Wv, As√So _ot\...''
s]s´∂v Abmƒ°v ]pdØv \S-∏m-X-bpsS
Kn√n¬ t\m°n \n¬°p∂ s]¨Ip-´nsb
Hm¿a-h-∂p. Abmƒ Fgp-t∂-‰p.
""\o t\m°n-sb-Sp°v.'' Abmƒ ]d-™p.
""Rms\m∂v ]pd-Øn-dßn \n¬°s´.''
IS-bn¬ NqSm-bn-cp-∂p. DSp-Øn-cp∂ kmcn-
bpsS A‰-sa-SpØv hoin-s°m≠v caWn ]d-
™p:
""icn, Fs¥mcp NqSv.''
Abmƒ ]pd-Øn-d-ßn. Abmsf I≠-tXmsS
B s]¨Ip´n A\-ßn.
Ahƒ C\nbpw ]pd-tØ°v
hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ca-Wnsb
At\z-jn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
Abmƒ Ah-fpsS ASpØp
sN∂p. Ahƒ Aev]w e÷-
tbmsS Abmsf t\m°n.
"F¥m \ns‚ t]cv?'
"dmWn.' IS-bpsS hmXn¬°-
te°pw Abm-fpsS apJ-
tØ°pw amdnamdn t\m°n-
s°m≠v Ahƒ ]d-™p:
""\ns‚ hoSv Fhn-SymWv?''
ae-bmfw 27
""F\n°v hoSn√ym.'' Ahƒ Nncn-®p-sIm≠v
]d-™p. Abmƒ h√m-Xm-bn. sX≠n-\-S-
°p∂ Hcp Ip´n-tbm-SmWv Ah-fpsS hoSn-
s\-∏‰n tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. hoSv F∂ k¶ev]-
Øn¬ sI´n-bn-S-s∏-´-Xn¬ Abmƒ°v hnj-
a-ap-≠m-bn. Hcp]t£, Ahƒ Hcn-°epw Hcp
ho´n¬ Xma-kn-®n-´p-≠m-hn-√. sXcp-hm-bn-cn-
°Ww Ah-fpsS hoSv. Ah-fpsS A—≥,
AΩ?
""\ns‚ A—\pw AΩbpw Fhn-SymWv?''
""A—≥ C√y.''
"AΩ?'
"sacn-®p, c≠okw apsº.'
a\- n¬ Fhn-sStbm Hs° apdn-hp-I-fp-≠m-
hp-I-bm-Wv. A—≥ C√ F∂m-W-hƒ ]d-
™-Xv. Hcp]t£, Ahƒ A—s\ I≠n-´p-
≠m-hn-√. As√-¶n¬ A—-\m-cm-sW∂v Ah-
fpsS AΩ-bv°p-t]mepw Adn-hp-≠m-hn-√.
AΩ acn-®p. c≠p Znhkw apsº.
""AΩ Fhn-Sp-∂mWv acn-®Xv?''
""Bip-]-Xo∂v''
""As∏m s\s‚ tN´\pw tN®ow Ct√?''
""C√y''
""thsd Bcpw Ct√?''
""Duw Dw.''
""As∏m \o Ign™ c≠p Znhkw Fhn-
SymWv Hd-ßoXv?''
""Hcp ItSsS apºn-ev.'' F¥m CX tNmZn-
°m-\p-≈Xv F∂ a´n¬ Ahƒ ]d™p.
""Rm≥ AtΩsS H∏w AhnSym sIS-°m-dv.''
""H‰bv°p t]Sn-bm-hnt√?''
Ahƒ H∂pw ]d-™n-√. Ft¥m Hm¿Øv
Ah-fpsS IÆp-I-fn¬ `oXn \nd-bp-∂Xv
Abmƒ I≠p. AXp tNmZn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂n-
s√∂v Abmƒ°p tXm∂n. cmXn-sb-∏‰n
Hm¿°mXncn-°m≥ ian-°-bmhpw Ahƒ.
Bcp-an-√mØ Bdp hb- mb Hcp Ip´n,
cmXn H‰bv°v GsX-¶nepw IS-bpsS
Nmbv]n¬ Npcp-≠p-IqSn Dd-ßp-∂p. Ahƒ°v
`£Ww FhnsS \n∂p In´p∂p?
""\o F¥n-\mWv RßsS ]n∂mse \S-°-
WXv? shi-°Wvt≠m?''
""Duw D.''
""]ns∂?''
Ahƒ H∂pw ]d-™n-√. a\- nse apdn-hn¬
\n∂v c‡w Nn¥p-I-bm-Wv. F¥n-\mWv
Cßs\ Hcp Ip´nsb Xs‚ apºn¬ FØn-
®Xv?
IS-bpsS hmXn¬ Xpd∂v caWn Abmsf
hnfn-®p.
""t\m°q, F\n°v AtX Ifdv kmcn In´n,
sIt´m.''
ca-Wn-bpsS apJØp kt¥mjw. Abmƒ
AI-tØ°p t]mbn.
c≠m-bn-cØn FÆqdp cq]. kmc-an-√. Fhn-
sSbpw In´mØ \nd-am-Wv.
""Rm≥ ]d-™n-t√, Cß-\sØ jm∏n-emWv
F∏gpw \ap-°m-h-iy-ap≈ Ifdv In´zm.'' ca-
Wn°v kt¥m-j-am-bn, ""C\n \ap°v Xncn®p
t]mhmw.''
Ah¿ ]pd-Øp IS-∂p.
""Cu s]Æn\v thsd ]Wn-sbm∂pw Ct√.
C∏gpw \Ωsf ImØp \n¬°zmtWm?''
""AhfvsS AΩ c≠p-Zn-hkw ap≥]v acn-®p.
Ct∏m Ahƒ°v Bcqw-√ym.''
""Atøm ]mhw.''
dmWn Nncn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ \S-∂-
t∏mƒ Ahfpw ]n∂mse \S-∂p.
""\ap-s°-s¥-¶nepw XWp-ØXv IpSn-°mw.''
caWn ]d-™p.
sXm´-Sp-Øp-Xs∂ Hcp sFkvIow ]m¿e-dp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
""\ap°v ChnsS Ib-dmw.''
Ah¿ ]m¿e-dn-te°p Xncn-™p. s]s´∂v
B Ip´nsb Hm¿Ø-t∏mƒ Abmƒ
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen28
Xncn™p t\m°n. Ahƒ Ah-scbpw
t\m°n \n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. Abmƒ tNmZn®p:
""\o hcpt∂m? sFkvIow Xn∂mw.''
Ahƒ \c®p apjn™ kz¥w DSp-∏n-te°p
t\m°n; apºn-ep≈ IdpØ Nn√p-hm-Xn-ense
kz¿W-\n-d-Øn-ep-f-f NnX-∏-Wn-I-fn-te°pw.
]ns∂ ths≠∂p Xe-bm-´n. Xm≥ \n¬t°-
≠-Xv Fhn-sS-bm-sW-∂-dn-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se.
"AXn-s\-sbm∂pw hnfn-°≠'. caWn ]d-
™p. "\Ω-tfw-IqSn tI‰n-√. \ap°v hcptºm
Fs¥-¶nepw hmßn-s°m-Sp-°mw.' Dt±-in®
\nd-Øn-ep≈ kmcn In´nbt∏mƒ caWn
Ipd®v DZm-c-a-\-kvI-bm-bn-cn°p-∂p.
Abmƒ ca-Wn-bpsS ]n∂mse ]m¿e-dn-
te°p Ib-dn. Ahƒ°p th≠n Fs¥-
¶nepw hmßq-sh∂v dmWn-tbmSv ]d-bm-am-
bn-cp-∂p. C\n Ahƒ ImØp\n¬°msX
t]mbmtem? tImIvsS-bn¬ ^q´vPqkv
sFkvIow C´v IpSn -°p-∂-Xn-\n -S -bn¬
Abmƒ Fgp-t∂‰p Nn√p-`n-Øn-bn-eqsS ]pd-
tØ°p t\m°n. Ahƒ Ahn-sS-Øs∂
\n¬°pIbm-Wv. Ahƒ Xe Xncn-°p-tºmƒ
Xe-bn¬ sI´nb apSn BSn. acn-°p-∂-Xn\p
apºv AΩ sI´n-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. B
Ip´n°v Aß-s\-sbmcp sI´p sI´m≥ F¥m-
bmepw km[y-a-√. Ah-km-\sØ Xh-W-
bmWv aI-fpsS apSn sI´p-∂-sX∂v B AΩ
Adn™n´p-≠m-hptam? a\- nse apdn-hp-Iƒ
ho≠pw Xpd-°p-I-bm-Wv. F¥n-\mWv Cu
Ip´n ]n∂mse \S-°p-∂Xv?
tIm¨ sFkvIow In´n-b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ°v
kt¥m-j-am-bn. s]mXn™ Kn¬´v- IS-emkv
s]mfn®v sFkvIow Xn∂p-sIm≠v Ahƒ
Ah-cpsS ]n∂mse \S -∂p. Abmƒ
]d™p:
""tamƒ C\n s]mbvt°m, F¥n-\mWv Rß-
fpsS ]n∂mse hc-WXv?''
Ahƒ H∂pw ]d-bmsX Nncn-°pI amXw
sNbvXp. Ipd-®p Ign™v Xncn-™p -t\m-°n-
b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ ]n∂n¬Øs∂-bp -≠v.
sFkvIow Xocm-dm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sXcp-hn¬
shfn®w Ipd-™p-h-∂p. \nc-Øns‚ \Sp-hn-
ep≈ tkmUnbw th∏¿ emºp-Iƒ aSn-®p-
sIm≠v IÆp Xpd-∂p. Ccp-h-i-Øp-ap≈ IS-
I-fn¬ hnf-°p-Iƒ sXfn-™p. Ae-¶-cn®
Nn√p tjmt°-kp-Iƒ i‡n-bp≈ hnf-°p-
I-fm¬ ]Im-in-®p. cmXn hcn-I-bm-Wv. cmXn,
\nc-h[n Ae-¶m-c-hn-f-°p-I-fpsS h¿W-∏-In-
t´msS Fgp-∂≈n hcp-tºmƒ ChnsS Hcp
Bdp hb- p-Im-cn, GI-bmbn AXns\ t\cn-
Sm≥ t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. Hcp cmXnIqSn, Ccp≠
Pohn-X-Øn¬ Bi-bpsS aßnb hnf-°p-Iƒ
amX-ap≈ Hcp cmXn-Iq-Sn.
Abmƒ Imdns‚ hmXn¬ Xpd∂v Ibdn. adp-
h-iØv caWn°v Ib-dm≥ Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-Øp.
Xpd-∂n´ hmXn-en-∂-cnsI dmWn \n∂p.
Abmƒ ]d-™p:
""tamfn\n s]mbvt°m.''
Ahƒ tNmZn®p: ""Ft∂w sIm≠p-t]mt∆m?''
""Ftßm´v?''
""\nßsS ho´nte°v?''
""RßsS ho´n-tet°m?''
Ahƒ Xe-bm -´n . Abmƒ `mcy -bpsS
apJØp t\m°n.
""t\m°q. Ahsf Fs¥-¶nepw sImSpØv
]d-™-b-bv°q. ]ns∂ i√ym-hpw.'' caWn
]d-™p.
""Ahƒ°m-cpw-√ym.'' Abmƒ ]d™p.
""AXn\v \Ω-sf¥m sNøym?''
Abmƒ dmWnsb t\m°n. Ahƒ ]Xo-£-
tbmsS \n¬°p-I-bmWv. Abmƒ ]d™p:
""AsXm∂pw ]‰n√ tamsf, tamfv amdn-
\n¬°v.''
Ahƒ amdn\n∂p. Abmƒ hmXn-e-S®v Im¿
Ãm¿´m-°n. Ah-fpsS apJw hmSn-bn-cp-∂p.
Abmƒ ]gvkv Xpd∂v Hcp ]Øp cq] t\ms -
SpØv Ahƒ°p-t\sc \o´n . Ahƒ
ths≠∂v Xe-bm -´n . Imsd -Sp -°m≥
ae-bmfw 29
kuIcys∏-Sp-amdv Ipd-®p-IqSn amdn \n∂p-
sIm≠v Ahƒ Abmsf t\m°n. Abmƒ
Nncn-°m≥ ian-®p.
Imtdm-Sn-®p-sIm-≠n-cns° Abmƒ ]d™p:
""\ap-°-hsf H∏w Iq´m-am-bn-cp∂p.''
""C\n AXpw-IqSntb th≠q, _m°n-sbm-s°-
bm-bn-.'' Ahƒ Ipd®p Im¿°-iy-tØmsS
]d™p.
_m°n-sbms° F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv Fs¥m-
s°-bm-sW-∂-bmƒ°p a\- n -em -bn -√.
Abmƒ Cu Adp-]-Xmw-h-b- nepw amkw
]¥o-cm -bncw cq] -bp -≠m -°p -∂p -≠v .
t_mws_-bn-ep≈ aIs‚ iºfw FXbm-
sW∂v Abmƒ°-dn-bn-√. Adp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-
Øn\pw Fgp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-Øn\pw CS-bn¬
BsW-∂-bmƒ Duln-®n-cp-∂p. Hcp sIm®p-
Ip-´n-bpsS sNehv F¥p hcpw? ho´n¬ Xma-
kn-∏n-°m≥ ]‰n-s√-¶n¬ Ahsf GsX-¶nepw
A\m-Ym-e-b-Øn¬ tN¿°m-am-bn-cp -∂p.
sNehp sImSp-Øm¬ aXn-b-t√m. Xm≥ H∂pw
sNbvXn-√. sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-sa∂ ]Xo-£-bp-
≠m-bn-cp∂p B ]mh-Øn-\v. Hcp]t£,
Ign™ c≠p Znh-k-ambn Ahƒ Hmtcm-cp-
Ø-cpsS ]n∂mse \S-∂n-´p-≠m-hpw, H∏w
sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-sa∂ ]Xo-£-bn¬. Bcpw
sIm≠pt]mIm-Xn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ cmXn-bn¬
]m¿Yn-®n-´p-≠m-hpw. \msf Bsc-¶nepw
sIm≠p-t]m-tW. ho≠pw H‰bv°v Hcp cmXn.
C∂v Xm\pw Ah-fpsS ]Xo-£-Isf X´n-
am‰n. Ct∏mƒ Ccp- n¬ ]cp-°≥ sXcp-hns‚
Iqc-X-bn¬ Ahƒ ho≠pw H‰-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
Ibm-Wv.
Abmƒ Ah-fpsS AΩsb Hm¿Øp. Bip-
]-Xn-bn¬ h®v acn®p F∂mWv dmWn
]d™Xv. F¥m-bn-cn°pw Akp-Jw? C\n
h√ A]-I-S-hp-amtWm? acn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv
aIsf Bscbpw G¬]n-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-
≠m-hn-√. As√-¶n¬ Bsc G¬]n-°m-
\mWv? AΩ C\n D≠m-hn-s√∂ bmYm¿Yyw
a\- n-em-b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ H‰bv°v Bip-]-
Xn-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.
sKbv‰n\p apºn¬ Im¿ \n¿Øn. caWn
Cdßn sKbv‰v Xpd-∂p. Im¿ AIØp IS-∂-
tijw Ahƒ sKbv‰-S®p Ip‰n-bn-´p. Ahƒ
ssIk-©n-bn¬ \n∂v Xmt°m¬ FSpØv
hmXn¬ Xpd-°p-∂Xv Abmƒ Imdn¬ Ccp∂p-
sIm≠v t\m°n. Abmƒ°v Cd-ßm≥
tXm∂n-bn-√. Abmƒ Btem-Nn-°p-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. Ip´n-°m-e-Øv, \mentem A©ntem
]Tn-°p-tºmƒ, Hcp Znhkw kvIqfn¬ \n∂p
hcp-tºmƒ Hcp ]q®-°p´n ]n∂mse IqSn.
sh≈bn¬ Idp-∏p-]m-≠p-I-fp≈ IuXp-I-
ap≈ Hcp ]q®-°p-´n. H∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ a‰p
Ip´n-Iƒ hnfn-s®-¶nepw AXv Xs‚ ]n∂n¬
\n∂v Hgn-™n-√. ]t£, ho´n¬ FØn-b--
t∏mƒ ]q®sb hf¿Øp-∂-Xn\v B¿°pw
tbmPn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Xs‚ ]Xn-tj[w
hI-h-bv°msX Ah¿ AXns\ Fhn-sStbm
sIm≠p-t]mbn hn´p. ]ns∂ Ah≥ AXns\
ImWp-∂Xv GtXm hml-\-Øn-∂-Sn-bn¬s∏ v
NX™ a´n-em-Wv.
Abmƒ°v ho´n-∂p-≈n¬ Ib-dm≥ tXm∂n-
bn-√. Abmƒ Imdn¬ \n∂n-d-ßn sKbv‰v Xpd-
∂p. caWn ]pd-tØ°p h∂p.
"Ft¥?'
"Rm≥ Ipd®p s]tSm-f-Sn-®n´p hcmw.'
Abmƒ Im¿ ]pd-tØ-s°-Sp-Øp.
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen30
$ A\m-Y-bmb s]¨Ip- nsb Hgn-hm°n ho´n-se-Ønb IYm-\m-b-I≥ Ip´n-°m-eØv
sXcp-hn¬\n∂v ho´n-te°v FSp-Øp-sIm-≠p-h∂ ]q®-°p-´nsb°pdn®v Hm¿Øp-
t]m-Ip-∂p. IYm-\m-b-Is‚ Cu Hm¿abv°v IY-bn¬ F¥p ]k-‡n-bm-Wp-≈Xv?
]cn-tim-[n-°pI.
$ ˛ hgn-hm-Wn- -°m-c-\n¬ \n∂p aI-\p≈ j¿ v ]ni-In-hm-ßp∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ.
˛ ]´p-km-cn-I-fpsS ]f-]-f-∏n-eqsS CjvSs∏´ \nd-ap≈ kmcn tXSn-t∏m-Ip∂
ca-Wn.
˛ \c® t^m°v [cn®v A`-b-Øn\v bmNn-°p∂ dmWn.
CØcØnep≈ hncp≤ PohnXmh-ÿ-I-fpsS NnX-ß-fmWv Cu IYbpsS `mh-X-
esØ i‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. IY hni-I-e\w sNbvXv kzm`n-]mbw ÿm]n-°p-I.
$ IY-bpsS io¿jIw IYm-\m-b-Is‚ \jvS-ß-fn-te-°mWv hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xv.
Fs¥m-s°-bmhmw Abmƒ°v \jvS-s∏-´-Xv? IY hni-I-e\w sNbvXv IYm-
]mX\ncq-]Ww Xbm-dm-°p-I.
$ kz¥w Zu¿_-ey-ßsf A\y-cn¬ Btcm-]n®v IYm-\m-b-I\v c£-s∏-Sm-\m-hptam?
]iv\-ß-fn¬ CS-s]-Sm-sX, sNtø-≠Xp sNømsX Hgn-™p-am-dp∂ Pohn-X-k-ao-
]-\w kaq-l-Øn¬ hym]-I-am-hp-∂pt≠m? ka-Im-enIkw`-h-߃ hni-I-
e\wsNbvXv ]`m-jWw Xbm-dm-°p-I.
$
t\ctØ ]m¿°v sNbvX ÿeØv Imdp-I-
sfm∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Imdn-\p-≈n¬ Ccp-
∂psIm≠v Abmƒ Np‰pw t\m°n. \Kcw
t\ctØ Dd-ßp-∂p. \S-∏mX Hcp-am-Xncn
Hgn™pInS-°p-I-bm-Wv. \c® t^m°pw
D®n-bn¬ Nc-Sp-sIm≠v sI´n-h® Xe-ap-Snbpw
sNfn ]nSn -®-sX-¶nepw ssNX-\y-ap≈
apJØv Xnf-ßp∂ IÆp-I-fp-ap≈ Hcp Ip´n-
°p-th≠n Abmƒ Np‰pw t\m°n. Ipd-®-
Ise j´¿ XmgvØnb Hcp IS-bpsS HXp-
°p-I-√n¬ Ahƒ Npcp≠p InS-°p-∂p. Dd-
°-am-Wv. Abmƒ ]pd-tØ°v Cd-ßm-\mbn
hmXn¬ Xpd-∂p. At∏m-gm-W-bmƒ I≠-Xv,
Hc-—\pw AΩbpw aI\pw IqSn \S-∂p-h-cp-
∂p. ]mh-s∏- -h¿, Iqen-the sNbvXp Pohn-
°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww. sXm´p-apºv Ah¿,
I®-hSw aXn-bm°n t]mIm-\mbn Hcp-ßp∂
Hcp hgn-hm-Wn-`-°m-cs‚ ssIbn¬ \n∂v
aI-\p≈ Hcp j¿´v ]niIn hmßp-∂Xv
Abmƒ I≠n-cp-∂p. AΩ-bpsS ssI]n-Sn®p
\S-°p∂ aI\v Gsg´p hb- m-bn- p-≠m-hpw.
Ah¿ dmWn InS-°p-∂n-S-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ
s]s´∂p \n∂p. c≠p-t]-cpw-IqSn ASpØp
sN∂v Ahsf t\m°n Ft¥m kwkm-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. ]pcp-j≥ Ahƒ InS-°p-∂n-SØv
ap´p-IpØn Ccp∂v Ahsf hnfn-®p-W¿Øn.
Ahƒ Dd-°-®-S-thmsS Fgp-t∂-‰n-cp∂v Ah-
cpsS tNmZy-߃°v adp-]Sn ]d™p. ]ns∂
Fgp-t∂‰v Abm-fpsS ssI]n-Sn®v H∏w \S-
∂p-t]m-bn. sXcp-hns‚ Hc-‰-sØØn-b-t∏mƒ
Abmƒ Ahsf FSpØp \S -°p -
Ibmbncp∂p. Ahƒ Ah-fpsS sIm®pssI
Abm-fpsS Igp-Øn-eqsS C´n-cp-∂p.
Abmƒ Imdns‚ hmXn-e-S-®p. Iptd t\cw
Ãnb-dnMv hoen-t∑¬ ssIh®v A\-ßm-\m-
hmsX Ccp-∂p. Abmƒ°v Fs¥m-s°tbm
\jvS-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.
(A\n-X-bpsS hoSv)
ae-bmfw 31
Rm\pw Hcp A¿_m_pw Iptd BSp-Ifpw amX-ap≈ Hcp
A\yK-l-Øn-emWv Fs‚ Xmakw F∂ Fs‚ hmN-
IsØ h√-t∏m-gp-sa-¶nepw apdn-®p-I-f-bp-∂Xv BgvN-bn¬
c≠p-]m-hiyw hcp∂ sh≈wh≠nbpw BgvN-bn¬ Hcn-
°¬ hcp∂ t]m®-°®n sSbn-edpw amk-Øn-sem-cn-°¬
hcp∂ tKmX-ºp-tem-dn-bp-am-Wv. Rm≥ hkn-°p∂ temI-
Øns\ ]]-©-Øns‚ CX-c-`m-K-ß-fp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°m-
\p≈ GI-h-gn-bmWv Cu h≠n-Iƒ. AXn¬ hcp-∂Xv apgp-
h≥ ]mIn-kvXm\n ]´m-Wn-I-fm-Wv. Ah-cp-ambn _‘w
ÿm]n-®m¬ F\n°p ]pdwtemI-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Smw.
Rm≥ ChnsS Hcn-SØp Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂p Fs∂-¶nepw
Ahsc Adn-bn-°mw. Ah¿ hgn-bmWv F\n°v Fs∂-
¶nepw Hcn-°¬ c£-s∏-Sm-\p≈ am¿K-hpw. Aßs\ Fs¥-
¶nepw Hcp km[yX Fs∂-¶nepw Hcp Znhkw hoWp-In´pw
F∂ ]Xo£ Fs‚ D≈n-se-hn-sStbm ab-ßn-°n-S-∏p-
≠v. ]t£, Fs‚ F√m km[y-X-I-sfbpw Ah-km-\n-∏n-
®p-sIm≠v Ah¿ hcp∂ Znhkw A¿_m_v Fs∂
t\ctØ acp- q-an-bn-te°p ]d-™p-hn-Spw. Ah¿ aS-ßn-t∏m-
bn-°-gnt™ BSp-I-fp-ambn aS-ßm≥ ]mSp-≈q. Ah¿ h≠n-
bn¬ h∂p Sm¶n¬ sh≈w \nd-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw I®nbpw
s_\ym-an≥s_\ym-an≥
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen32
t]m®bpw tKmXºpw Hs° A´n-bn-d-°p-∂-
Xn\pw klm-bn-°m≥ amXta F\n°p hn[n-
bp-≈q. F∂mepw B h≠n-Iƒ ak-d-tbm-S-
Sp-°p-tºmƒ Fs‚ a\ v Fs¥-∂n-√mØ
Hcp kt¥m-jw-sIm≠p ]nS-bpw. Fs‚
Btcm ]nb-s∏-´-h¿ Fs‚ ho´n¬ hncp-
∂n\p h∂-Xp-t]mse F\n-°-t∂cw Hcp
kt¥m-j-am-Wv. Rm≥ BSp-I-tfmSp ]Xnhn-
e-[nIw k√-]n-°p-Ibpw Ah-I-tfmSv D®-
Øn¬ h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.
]t£, Fs∂ AI-e-Øm°n B h≠n-Iƒ
s]mSn-]-dØn Zqtc°v HmSn ad-bp-tºmƒ
F∂n¬\n∂v Hcp temIwXs∂ HmSn ad-bp-
∂-Xm-bn-´mWv F\n°p tXm∂p-I. At∂cw
lrZbw hm¿s∂m-gp-In-t∏m-b-Xp-t]mse Hcp
Xf¿® Fs∂ _m[n-°pw.
bmZr-—n-I-ambn Hcp Znhkw Npa-Sn-d-°m≥
Bfn-√m-sX-bmWv Hcp sSbn-e¿ h∂-Xv.
\nhr-Øn-bn-√msX A¿_m_v Fs∂ acp-`q-
an-bn¬ \n∂pw Xncn-®p-hn-fn-®p. AXns‚
ssUhdpw Hcp ]mIn-kvXm-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
FXtbm Ime-Øn-\p-tijw aq∂m-aXv Hcp
a\p-jys\ Rm≥ AXbpw ASp-Øp-Im-Wp-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Abm-fpsS hnb¿∏n\p-t]mepw
Hcp aW-ap-s≠∂v F\n°p tXm∂n-t∏m-bn.
Rm≥ Xma-kn-°p-∂Xv GXp-Xcw Zp¿K-‘-
Øn-\p-≈n-em-sW∂v t\¿Ø Hcp tXm∂¬
At∏mƒ amXw F\n-°p-≠m-bn. Hcp a\p-
jys\ I≠ kt¥m-j-Øn¬ Rm\-
bmsf H∂p sXmSp-I-t]mepw D≠m-bn.
At∏mƒ Fs‚ D≈n-eqsS Bfl-\n¿hr-
Xn-bpsS Hcp Ipfn¿tcJ IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-
∂Xp Rm≥ hy‡-ambpw A\p-`-hn-®p.
Npa-Sn-d-°p-∂-Xn-\nsS F\n-°-dn-bm-hp∂
F√m mjbnepw Fs‚-bp-≈nse F√m
k¶-Shpw \nd®v Rm\-bm-tfmSv Fs∂
Cu \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂pw Fß-s\-sb-
¶nepw c£n-°Ww F∂p sI©n-∏-d-
™p. ]t£, Abm-fpsS apJØv BsI
\nd-™p-\n-∂Xv I\Ø \n¿hn-Im-cX
amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ Fs∂ H∂p Ku\n-
°p-I-IqSn sNbvXn-√. F\n-°-t∏mƒ D≠mb
k¶-Sw! sSbn-e-dn-\-Sp-tØ°v A¿_m_v
Fs∂ ssIbm-´n-hn-fn-®-t∏mƒ k¿h BSp-
I-sfbpw Dt]-£n®p Rm≥ HmSnb Hcp Hm´-
ap-≠v. Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]Xo-£-bn-te°pw
shfn-®-Øn-te-°p-ap≈ ]Xymi \nd® Htcm-
´-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. CXm, B \nanjw h∂n-
cn -°p -∂p F∂m-bn -cp∂p At∏m-gsØ
hnNmcw. ]t£, Abm-fpsS Hscm‰ \n w-K-
t\m´w sIm≠v B ]Xo-£-sb√mw F∂n¬
\n∂v A∏msS hm¿s∂m-gp-In-t∏m-bn. I®n-
bp-sSbpw t]m®-bp-sSbpw sI´p-Iƒ Xe-bn¬
Xmßn Cd-°p-tºmƒ Zbm-]q¿hw Rm≥
Abmsf t\m°pw. Fs¥-¶nepw Hcp AwK-
hn -t£-]-Øn -eqsS Abm-fpsS i≤
BI¿jn-°m≥ ian-°pw. hfsc bmZr-—n-I-
sa-t∂mWw Abm-fpsS Acn-In-eqsS \S∂v
Fs∂ Chn-S∂p c£n-°Ww F∂p ]d-bpw.
CS-bvs°mcp h´w bmZr-—n-I-sa-t∂mWw Hcp
I®n-s°´v Xmsg-bn-Sp-Ibpw AsX-Sp-°m-
s\∂ a´n¬ Ip\n™v Abm-fpsS Imen¬
Rm≥ ]nSn -°p -Ibpw sNbvXp.
At∏mƒt∏mepw Abm-sfs‚ IÆn¬ H∂p
t\m°p-I-IqSn sNbvXn-√. IjvSw! Fs‚
s\©v XI¿∂p-t]mb hn[w...
km[-\-an-d°n Ft∂m-sSm∂p ]p©n-cn-°p-I-
ae-bmfw 33
t]mepw sNømsX Abmƒ h≠n-tbm-Sn-®p
t]mbn. F∂nse ]Xo£ A‘-Im-c-Øn-
te°p hoW-Sn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\-t∏mƒ
Abmsf i]n® hn[w! Ct∏m-sg-\n-°Xv
Btem-Nn-°pIIqSn hø.
temI-sØm-cmfpw Hc-]-cn-Nn-Xs\ CX-b-
[nIw i]n-®p-Im-Wn-√, tZzjn®p ImWn-√.
BSp-Isf XSp-Øp-Iq-´m≥ acp-`q-an-bn-te°p
Xncn®p \S-°p-tºmƒ Fs‚ s\©n¬
B™v c≠nSn CSn-®mWv Rm≥ B tZjyw
Iptd-sb-¶nepw Ie-°n-°-f-™-Xv.
h¿j-ß-fmbn Fs‚ A¿_m-_ns\ ASp-
Ø-dn-bm-hp∂ Abm-fpsS At∏m-gsØ
\n -lm-bm-hÿ F\n-°n-t∏mƒ Duln-
°m≥ Ign-bpw. Abmƒ Ft∂mSv kwkm-cn-
°m≥ apXn¿∂n-cp -s∂-¶n¬ A¿_m_v
F¥mWv Abm-tfmSp sNøpI F∂p ]d-
bm-\m-hn-√. ]ns∂ Hcn-°¬ tKmX-ºn-d-
°m≥ h∂ Hcp h≠n-°m-c≥ Ft∂m-
sSt¥m kwkm-cn -°m≥ ian -®Xpw
A¿_m_v tXm°pambn NmSn h∂Xpw
H∂n-®m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Hcp
sh≈w-h-≠n-°m-c≥ Ft∂mSp kwkm-cn-®-
Xn\v A¿_m_v Abmsf tXm°ns‚
]mØn-sIm≠v ASn®p \ne-Øn-´Xpw F\n-
t°m¿a-bp-≠v. F\n°p aptº Fs∂-
t∏mse FX "BSp-Iƒ' Cu ak-d-bn¬
s]´p-t]m-bn-´p-≠m-h-Ww. Hcp-]t£, Ah-
cn¬ Nne-sc-sb-¶nepw c£-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ian-
®-Xns‚ Xn‡- ew ]mIn-kvXm-\n-bpsS a\-
n¬ XnI- p-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. Hcp-]t£,
Fs∂ Aßs\ \njvI-cpWw Dt]-£n-®-
Xns‚ thZ-\-bn¬ Abmƒ h≠n-bn-en-cp∂p
s\©p-s]m´n Ic™p ImWn-s√∂v Bc-dn-
™p! As√-¶nepw Abmƒ Fs∂ Dt]-
£n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂p hniz-kn-°m-
\mWv F\n-°n-jvSw. A∂p-Xs∂ Gsd
sshIn-b-Xn\p aptº Rm≥ Aßs\ Fs‚
a\- ns\ ]d™p ]Tn-∏n-®p. Rm≥ Fs‚
]e thZ-\-I-sfbpw \o¥n-t∏m-∂Xv Aß-
s\-bm-Wv. Icp-Wm-a-b-\mb A√m-lp-th, \o
F\n°p X∂ ITn\Znh-k-ß-fn-eqsS \S-
∂p-t]m-tI-≠Xv Fs‚ amXw hn[n-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. AXns‚ t]cn¬ \nc-]-cm-[n-bmb
Hcp a\p-jy-t\mSv tZzjn-°p-Ibpw a\- n¬
i]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn\p \o Ft∂mSp
s]mdp-t°-W-ta...
BZyw F√m-Øn\pw ak-d-bn¬ Hcp apiSp
hmS-bm-bn-cp-∂p; O¿±n°m≥ tXm∂p∂
Xcw hmS. BSp-I-fpsS aqX-Øns‚ Nqcpw
ImjvT-Øns‚ Nqcpw aqXw hoWp-\-\™
t]m®-bp-sSbpw I®n-bp-sSbpw hmSbpw
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen34
F√mw tN¿∂ Hcp AklyK‘w. AXn\v
GI-tZiw kam-\-amb Hcp K‘w Rm≥
Fs∂-¶nepw A\p-`-hn-®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXp
k¿°kvIqSm-c-Øns‚ K‘-am-Wv.
BSns‚ ]men-\p-t]mepw D≠m-bn-cp∂p B
hmS. Jp∫q-kns‚ Hmtcm IjWw ]men¬
ap°p-tºmgpw Cu hmS-Iƒ F√mw Fs‚
aq°n-te°v ASn®pIb-dpw. BZysØ Znh-
k-ß-fn¬ Aßs\ FX-h´w Rm≥
O¿±n®pt]mbn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ ]Xnsb
]Xnsb B hmS F∂n¬ \n∂v AI-∂p-
t]m-bn. As√-¶n¬ Aßs\ Hcp hmS-sb-
∏‰n ad-∂p-t]m-bn. ]ns∂ ]e-h´w BK-ln-
®p-t\m-°n-bn´pw F\n-°Xv A\p-`-hn-°m≥
]‰n-bn-t´-bn-√. Aßs\ Hcp hmS \ne-\n-
∂n-cp∂p F∂p hniz-kn-°m≥t]mepw Ign-
bm-\m-hm-Ø-hn[w AsX-∂n¬ ebn-®p-I-gn-
™n-cp-∂p. F∂p-am-X-a√, BSpI-fpsS K‘-
ssh-Pm-Xy-߃ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Rm≥ ]m]vX-
\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXm-b-Xv, ap´-\m-Sp-
Iƒ°v Hcp ]tXyI aWw, sNΩ-cn-bm-Sp-
Iƒ°p thsdmcp aWw. sNΩ-cn-bm-Sp-Iƒ
Xs∂ Hcp \qdp hn[-ap-≠v. AXn-s\√mw
thsd-thsd aWw. K¿`n-Wn-bmb BSp-Iƒ°v
Hcp aWw. ]k-hn-°m-dmb BSp-Iƒ°v
AXnepw hyXy-kvX-amb aWw. B aWw
Adn™v BSp ]k-hn-°p∂ Znhkw IW-
°p-Iq-´m≥ t]mepw F\n°p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. C∂p ]k-hn-®p-hoW Ip´n°v Hcp aWw.
apXn¿∂ Ip´n°p thsdmcp aWw. hmhp-Im-
e-amb BSp-Iƒ°v Hcp aWw. CXn¬
\ns∂√mw hyXy-kvX-amWv H´-I-ß-fpsS
aWw. H´-I-߃X-s∂ c≠p-hn-[-ap-≠v. Hcp-
]q -™-bp-≈Xpw Ccp-]q -™-bp-≈-Xpw.
AXn\p c≠n\pw hyXykvX aW-ß-fmWv
D≈-Xv. Hcp aWhpw C√msX Hcp Pohntb
ak-d-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. AXp Rm≥
F∂ arK-am-Ip-∂p...
Hcp Znhkw F\n°p s]s´-s∂mcp taml-
ap-Zn-®p. ssk\p-hn\v Hcp IsØ-gp-X-Ww.
Fßs\ AXv Ah-fpsS ssIhiw FØpw
Fs∂m∂pw F\n-°-t∏mƒ Btem-N-\-bn-√.
Fgp-X-Ww. Fgp-X-Ww. D® Jp∫q-kn\pw ]®-
sh-≈-Øn\pw tijw In´nb CØncn CS-
th-f-bn¬ Rm≥ I´n-en-\-Sn-bn¬ \n∂pw
Fs‚ _mKv hen-s®-Sp-Øp. AXn-\p-≈n¬
t_mws_-bn¬ \n∂p hmßnb Hcp
se‰¿]mUpw t]\bpw D≠m-bn -cp -∂p.
Rm\Xp ssIbn-se-Sp-Øp. HØncn IpØn-
h-c-®-ti-j-amWv t]\ CØncn sXfn-™-Xv.
Rm≥ BZy-am-bn-´mWv Hcp IsØ-gp-Xp-∂Xv.
Fßs\ Fgp-XWw Fs∂mcp ]nSnbpw C√m-
bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw a\- nse hnNm-c-߃
kzcp-°q´n Rm≥ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßn:
Fs‚ FXbpw ]nb-s∏´ ssk\p,
Rm\n-hnsS kpJ-ambn FØn-t®¿∂n-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ tPmen-Øn-c-°p-Im-cWw F\n°v
Hcp IsØ-gp-Xm≥t]mepw ]‰n-bn-√. \o
AhnsS k¶-S-s∏-´n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v F\n-
°-dn-bmw. hnj-an-°-≠. \ns‚ C° ChnsS
kpJ-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]mepw Iºn-fnbpw D≠m-
°p∂ Hcp henb Iº-\n-bn-emWv F\n°p
tPmen. \√ tPmen-bm-Wv. \Ω-sfm∂pw sNø-
≠. F√mw anjy≥ sNbvtXm-fpw. F\n-°mWv
Iº-\n-bpsS ta¬t\m- w. Fs‚ A¿_m-_n\v
Fs∂ henb CjvS-am-bn. Fs‚ tPmen
CjvS-am-bn. F\n°v CS-bv°nsS \√ kΩm-
\߃ Xcm-dp-≠v. ChnsS hnim-e-amb Hcp
ÿe-ØmWv Fs‚ apdnbpw Xma-k-hpw.
Fs‚ I´n-en¬ Ccp-∂m¬ F\n°v ASpØ
]tZ-i-߃ apgp-h≥ ImWmw. AX kpµ-c-
amb ÿe-amWv. ]ns∂ Blm-cw. Rm\n-
Xp-hsc Ign-®n-´n-√mØ Fs¥ms° Blm-
c-ß-fm-sWt∂m A¿_m_v F\n°p sIm≠p-
X-cp-∂-Xv. Ct∏m-Øs∂ Jp∫qkpw Nn°≥
Idnbpw a´≥ akm-ebpw Ign®v Hcp •mkv
I´n-∏mepw IpSn-®-ti-j-amWv Cu IsØ-gp-
Xm≥ Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. CX Znh-kw-sIm-≠p-
Xs∂ F\n°p h√msX XSn -ht®m
Fs∂mcp kwi-bw. Ct∏m D®-bv°sØ
hni-a-k-a-b-am-Wv. C\n Ipd-®p-I-gn™v
F\n°p tPmen-bn¬ ]th-in-®m¬ aXn.
ae-bmfw 35
AXp-hsc kpJ-ap≈ Imt‰‰v InS-∂p-d-ßmw.
\ΩpsS \m´p-Im-cmb Ipd-®p-t]-scms° F\n-
s°m∏w Chn-sS-bp-≠v. dmhp-Ø¿, cmL-h≥,
hnP-b≥, t]m°¿ F∂n-ßs\ Ipd-®p-t]¿.
F\n-°-h-cp-ambn A[nIw kl-hm-khpw
an≠m- hpw H∂p-an-√. A¿_m-_n\v AXn-jvS-
a-√. A¿_m-_n\v lqdn-bmb Hcp aI-fp-≠v.
sshIp-t∂-cØv Rm≥ Ah-tfm-sSm∏w \S-
°m≥ t]mIpw. Rm≥ Xs∂ sN√-W-sa∂v
Ahƒ°p \√ \n¿_-‘-am-Wv. tacn-ssa-ap\
F∂mWv Ah-fpsS t]cv.
CX-sbm-s°-bmWv Fs‚ hnti-j-߃.
AhnsS \n\°pw DΩbv°pw kpJ-sa∂p
hnNm-cn-°p-∂p.
C\nbpw kabw In´p-tºmƒ Fgp-Xmw.
F∂p \ns‚ kz¥w C° \Po-_v.
Rm≥ t]∏¿ aS-°n. ]ns∂ IÆ-S-®n-cp∂p
Iptd Ic-™p. B IØ-√, B Ic-®n-em-bn-
cp∂p Fs‚ kXyw; Bcpw hmbn-°mØ
kXyw.
(BSp-Po-hn-Xw)
$ BSpkq£n-∏p-Imcs‚ Pohn-X-I-Ybv°v "BSp-Po-hnXw' F∂v io¿jIw \¬In-
bXv DNn-X-amtbm? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ BSp-Po-hnXw Hcp ]hm-kn-bpsS bYm¿Y A\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂v cq]wsIm≠
IrXn-bm-sW∂v t\mh-enÃv km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. ""bmYm¿Yy-߃ sI´p-I-Y-
I-tf-°mƒ hnNn-X-ß-fmWv'' F∂ \nco-£-W-hp-ambn tN¿Øp-h®v \Po-_ns‚
A\p-`-h-߃ hne-bn-cp-Øp-I.
$ \Po_v Fgp-Xn-b- IØv hmbn-®t√m.
˛ IØv ta¬hn-em-k-°m-cn°v Hcn-°epw In´n-s√∂v Dd-∏mWv.
˛ A\p-`-h-߃ kXy-k-‘-am-b√ IØn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
F¶n¬, \Po_v CØcw Hcp IØv Fgp-Xm-\p≈ t]c-W-Iƒ Fs¥m-s°-bmhmw?
N¿®sNøp-I.
$ Fs‚ s\©v XI¿∂p-t]m-b-hn-[w...
Rm\-t∏mƒ Abmsf i]n® hn[w...
CØcw A]q¿WhmIy-߃ IYm-k-µ¿`-Øns‚ `mh-]-c-amb ta∑bv°v klm-
b-I-am-hp-∂pt≠m? hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.
$
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen36
P\n® \mSphn,´-I-se-bm- m-an¬
]Wn°p t]mbvhcpw ]cn-j-Iƒ R߃.
IpXn®p Xoh≠n InX®p ]mbp-∂q,
IpXp-Im¬ Nn¥-Iƒ IpXn-°p∂q aptº.
]e \mfmbv ]ncn-™n-cp∂ R߃°o
ae-\m-sS-X-ta¬ a[p-c-Z¿i\w!
Xpcp-Xp-sc -sIm°p ]d°pw ]mS-߃,
XpS-c-Wn-aWn Inepßpw taSp-Iƒ,
apSn hnSp¿ØmSpw Ihp-ßp-sX-ßp-Iƒ˛
°nSbv°p ]p©ncn s]mgn°pw hoSp-Iƒ
Icbv°p amºqhmw \nc-Øp-Iƒ, \m´n≥˛
]pdsØ kz]v\w Is≠gpw \K-cn-Iƒ.
DS-\p-S-t\m-Sn-b-Sp-°-t´, Np‰pw
\S\w sNø-t´, ]gb Iq´p-Im¿!
Hscm-‰-sØßp I≠n-S-Øn-sem-s°bpw
kvacn®p Rß-fo-∏n-d∂ \mSn-s\;
shfpØ hkvX-sam-∂p-SpØp I≠n-S˛
Øen-shm-tSm¿ØnXo-b-a-e-\m-Sn-s\.
sshtem-∏n≈n io[-c-ta-t\m≥sshtem-∏n≈n io[-c-ta-t\m≥
ae-bmfw 37
Adn-bpta Rß,-f-dn-bpao \mSp
\c-I-am-°oSpw \c-Io-S-ß-sf.
]l-b-∑m-tcmSp ]Icw ho´t´
]I-bn¬ \odp∂ hcp∂ Ime-߃.
ChnsS R߃°o-∏-gb aÆn¬Øm˛
\n\nbpw PohnXw ]S¿Øp-In¬ t]mcpw.
DZ-c-Øn≥ ]in sISp-Øm≥ t]mbv R߃;
lrZ-b-Øn≥ hn-i-∏-S-°p-hm≥ t]m∂p.
\nd-™n-cn-°nepw Zcn-Zao cmPyw,
\nd-∂n-cn-°nepw hnIr-X,-sa-¶nepw
ChnsS kvt\ln-∏m,\nhn-sS-bm-in-∏m,
\nhnsS ZpxJn-∏m≥ Ign-htX kpJw!
(I∂n-s°m-bvØv)
$ ""\nd-™n-cn-°nepw Zcn-Z-ao- cmPyw,
\nd-∂n-cn-°nepw hnIr-X, sa¶nepw
ChnsS kvt\ln-∏m,-\n-hn-sS-bm-in-∏m,
\nhnsS ZpxJn-∏m≥ Ign-htX kpJw!''
Cu Imhy-`m-KØv GsXms° Xc-Øn-ep≈ sshcp-[y-ß-fmWv sXfn-bp-∂Xv?
bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Ah sshcp-[yßfmtWm? N¿®sNbvXv \nK-a-\-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-
°p-I.
$ B mw-]-Wn-°m¿ F∂ Ihn-X-bpsS BZy-`m-KØph-cp∂ Cu hcn-Iƒ i≤n°q:
""Adn-bpta Rß,-f-dnbpw \oXnbpw
s\dnbpw sIs´m-co-∏n-d∂ \mSns\!
AXn-Yn-Iƒs°-√m-aactemIao--˛
°nXhn R߃°p \c-I-tZ-ihpw.''
]mT-`m-KØp \n∂p-X-s∂-bp≈ Cu `mK-ßfpw t\m°q.
""ae-\m-sS-X-ta¬ a[p-c-Z¿i\w!''
""Aen-shm-tSm¿Ø-nXo-b-ae\mSns\''
P∑-\m-Sn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ am‰w D≠m-b-sX-¥p-sIm≠v?
N¿®sNøp-I.
$ Cu bqWn-‰nse cN-\-I-sf "lrZb-Øn≥ hni∏v' F∂ s]mXp-io¿jIw sIm≠v
\n¿h-Nn-°m≥ Ign-bptam? N¿®sNbvXv eLp]_‘w Xbm-dm-°p-I.
$
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen38
AA´n-bn-d-°pI ˛ `mc-ap≈ hkvXp-°ƒ Db-c-Øn¬ \nc-bmbn h®Xv
Xmsg Cd-°pI˛ A´n-adn
A[n-\n-thiw ˛ IpSn-tb-‰w, tImf\nkwÿm-]\w
A\m-Zn-°S ˛ ]e-N-c-°p-IS
A\n-X-c-km-[m-cWw ˛ a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ ImWm-ØXv
A\p-N-c-hrµw ˛ IqsS \S-°p-∂-hcpsS Iq´w
A\p-h¿Øn-°pI ˛ A\p-I-cn-°p-I, I≠psNøpI
A¥w ad-™n-cn-°pI ˛ A¥w hn´n-cn-°pI
Aaew ˛ hnip≤w
Ab-t°m¬ ˛ hkvXw DW-°m-\n-Sp∂ hSn
A¿_m_v (Ad-_n-hm-°v) ˛ c£n-Xm-hv, DS-a-ÿ≥
BBS-tem-SIw ˛ Hcp Huj[kkyw
CCl-temIw ˛ Cu temIw
CuCu‰p-tNmc ˛ ]k-h-k-a-bsØ c‡w
DDØ-c-£Ww ˛ ASpØ \nanjw
DZm-c-a-\kvI ˛ DZm-c-amb a\-t mSp IqSn-b-hƒ, Zbm-abn (kµ¿`-Øn¬)
DZy-an-°pI ˛ ]cn-i-an-°pI
DZ-b-KXn ˛ DZ-b-Øns‚ KXn
IIam-¥c ˛ hnZym-`ym-k-ÿm-]\w
ItÆdv ˛ Icn-¶Æv X´pI
Im¿°iyw ˛ ISp∏w, I¿°-im-hÿ
Ip°p-S-\mZw ˛ tImgn-Iq-Ip∂ i_vZw
IpSpa ˛ ]pcp-j≥am¿ £ucw sNøp-tºmƒ BNm-c-]-c-ambn
inc- n¬ _m°n \n¿Ønbncp∂ Xe-apSn
IpXp-Im¬ ˛ D’m-l-Øm¬. IpXpIw˛ D’mlw
Ipan-®n-SpI ˛ Iq´nbn-SpI
tIh©n ˛ sNdnb h≈w
sImtfm-Wn-b¬ ˛ tImf-\nsb kw_-‘n-®-Xv (Colonial)tImf-\n-hmgvN ˛ kmam-Py-i-‡n-I-fpsS `cWw
IrXm¿YX ˛ sNbvX ]hr-Øn-bn-ep≈ Xr]vXn, IrX-amb A¿Y-
tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Ahÿ
ae-bmfw 39
£oc-km-K-c-i-b-\≥ ˛ ]m¬°-S-en¬ ibn-°p-∂-h≥, alm-hnjvWp
JJP-\mhv ˛ `fimcw, Sjdn
Jp_qkv (Ad_nhm°v) ˛ sdm´n, ]Øncn
Jc-l-c-]nb ˛ I¿Wm-S-I-kw-Ko-X-Ønse Hcp cmKw
KtKmkmbn ˛ `n£ bmNn®v \S-°p-∂-bmƒ
NNI-emkv ˛ Iºnfn∏pX∏v
Nm¿®-°m¿ ˛ _‘p-°ƒ
Nns°∂v ˛ s]s´∂v
NnØ-Xmcv ˛ NnØ-am-Ip∂ ]qhv, NnØw˛a-\ v
RRm‰p-the ˛ kqcys‚ ÿnXn, kqcy≥ Hmtcm \£-X-Ønepw
\n¬°p∂ Imew,
the ˛ thf
XX]vXw ˛ X]n-°s∏´Xv, Np´
Xt]m-\njvT ˛ X]- ns‚ \njvT (\njvT ˛ Dd-∏v, IWn-iw)
Xø¬ ˛ s]¨Ip´n
Xn‡-^ew ˛ Ibv]p≈ A\p-`hw (-I-bv]p≈ Imb)
XssYh ˛ Aß-s\-Xs∂
XpS-c-Wn-aWn ˛ Igp-Øn¬ sI´nb aWn (XpS-cv ˛ Nß-e)˛ XpS-cn¬
AWn™ aWn. "AWn'°p "kpµ-c-amb' F∂pw
A¿Yap≠v. XpS-cnse at\m-l-c-amb aWn.
tXdn-\m≥ ˛ Ah≥ hnizkn-®p, Ah≥ Adn-™p
ZZ¿∏Ww ˛ IÆm-Sn
[-
[mXn ˛ hf¿ØΩ
\\m`n ˛ s]m°nƒ
\nthZyw ˛ tZh\v A¿∏n-°m-\p≈ `£-W-hkvXp
\nioY\n»-_vZX ˛ cmXn-bnse \n»-_vZX
\n wKX ˛ H∂n-t\mSpw tNcm-Ø Ahÿ, hnc‡n
\oUw ˛ ]£n-°qSv
]]®-∏-cam¿Yw ˛ ]®-bmb kXyw
]®bpw Inco-S-hp-a-Wn™ ˛ apJØv ]® (a\-tbme) tX®v Inco-S-hp-a-Wn-™v.
]©-a-thZw ˛ alm-`m-cXw˛ alm-`m-c-XsØ A©m-asØ thZ-ambn
IW-°m-°p-∂p.
]´n-Wnbpw ]cn-h-´hpw ˛ Zmcn-Zyhpw Zpcn-X-ßfpw
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen40
]´mWn ˛ Hcp apkvenw hn`mKw (]tZ-i-\m-a-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p-
≠mb hm°v) ]Tm≥
]X-hkvXw ˛ Ce-sIm-≠p≈ hkvXw
]¥n-∏mb ˛ ]¥n-bn¬ Ccn-°m≥ hn-cn-°p∂ \o≠ ]mb
]cn-t—-Zn-°pI ˛ apdn-°pI, \n›-bn-°p-I
]cnj ˛ Iq´¿, Iq´w (]cn-jXv F∂ kwkvIrX ]Z-Øn¬
\n∂p-≠m-b-Xv)
]mS-h-lo\ ˛ kma¿Yy-an-√m-Ø-hƒ
]nXr-\n¿hn-tijw ˛ ]nXm-hn-t‚Xp-t]m-e-p≈
]ni-In-hm-ßpI ˛ hne-t]in hmßpI
]qs∏m-en-∏m´v ˛ HmW-°m-eØv ]q]-dn-°m≥ t]mIp-tºmƒ Ip´n-Iƒ
]mSp∂ ]m´v
]pjvSn-s∏-Sp-ØpI ˛ sa®-s∏-Sp-ØpI
]qapJw ˛ DΩ-dw, hoSns‚ ap≥hiw
t]m® ˛ ]p√v
(]mtZ-in-I]-Zw)
t]mcpw ˛ aXn-bmIpw
]XoIw ˛ Bi-bsØ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv
]Xym-LmXw ˛ Xncn-®Sn (]Xn + BLm-Xw)
]tem-`n-∏n-°pI ˛ tamln-∏n-°pI
]hmkn ˛ P∑-\mSv hn´v A\y-\m-´n¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ Bƒ
__ln¿`mKw ˛ ]pd-sØ -`mKw (× A¥¿`mKw)
_nw_w ˛ Bi-b-Øns‚tbm hkvXphns‚tbm ]XoXn Df-hm-°p∂
]XoIw (kmln-Xy-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ khn-ti-j-
amb A¿Y-Øn¬) hnKlw F∂p ]Zm¿∞w
_“-⁄m\w ˛ _“sØ kw_-‘n® Adnhv
_“-temIw ˛ kXy-temIw
``mh-\m-a-Wn-]-Ø\w ˛ `mh-\-bm-Ip∂ at\m-lc]´Ww
aa[p-c-Z¿i\w ˛ kpµ-c-amb ImgvN
ae-\mSv ˛ tIcfw, aeºtZiw
akd ˛ Irjn-ÿ-ew, ta®n¬ÿew
apJ-cnXw ˛ H®-s∏-Sp-∂Xv, i_vZ-tØmSp IqSn-bXv
apiSv ˛ iey-ap-≠m-°p∂, Zp¿K‘w
aq¿— ˛ tamlm-ekyw (t_m[-t°-Sv)
taSv ˛ Ip∂v
ta¬ss° ˛ t\Xr-Xzw, ap≥ssI, B[n-]-Xyw
sam©Øn ˛ kpµcn (sam©v˛ `wKn)
ee÷ ˛ \mWw
ae-bmfw 41
hh‡w ˛ hmbv, apJw
h¿W-hn-th-N\w ˛ sXmen-bpsS \nd-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ hnth-N\w
hmS ˛ Zpjn® -K-‘w, Nqcv
hm’-ey-ZpKv[w ˛ hm’-ey-am-Ip∂ ]m¬, ZpKv[w ˛ ]m¬
hmbv∏n-°pI ˛ h¿[n-∏n-°pI
hnNn-¥\X¥p ˛ Nn¥mX¥p, X¥p ˛ \qev
hnPm-Xobw ˛ hyXykvX PmXn-bn-ep-≈Xv, a‰p-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s]´Xv
hnPm-Xobam\w ˛ hyXykvXXew
hn¨]n-®-I-s®Sn ˛ BIm-i-Ønse ]n®-I-s®Sn
hn]-Zn-ss[cyw ˛ B]-XvL-´-ß-fn¬ ]I-S-am-Ip∂ ss[cyw
shSn-h´w ˛ t\c-tºm°p]d-®n¬
iioIcw ˛ sh≈-Øp-≈n
ipjvIico-c≥ ˛ saen™-h≥
imh-W-]pjv]w ˛ imh-W-Ønse ]qhv, imhWw ˛ HmWw ˛ Nnßw
kkmµX ˛ CS-Xq¿∂ Ahÿ
ka-cymZw ˛ acym-Z-tbm-Sp-IqSn
kpXm]w ˛ \√ NqSv, henb ZpxJw
kpam¿ ˛ GI-tZiw
kphn-ti-j-I¿ ˛ aX-]-`m-j-I¿
skm≈n-°pI ˛ t\c-tºm°p ]d-bpI
ku`Kw ˛ kuµcyw
kzIo-b¿ ˛ kz¥w Bfp-Iƒ
kzXz-sh◊ ˛ Bflm-hns‚ sh◊
kzcp-°q- pI ˛ H∂n-®pIq´pI
kv\m\-s∏-Sp-ØpI ˛ ⁄m\-kv\m\w sNøn°pI
llqdn (Ad_n]Zw) ˛ kz¿K-Ønse kpµcn
lwk-ip` ˛ Ac-b-∂w-t]mse shfpØ
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen42
A¿tWmkv ]mXncn (1681˛1732)
]Xn-s\´mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Bcw- -Øn¬ tIc-f-
Øn-seØnb ssIkvXhanjW-dn. kztZiw
P¿a-\n-bpsS hS-°p-]-Sn-™m-dp-`m-K-Øp≈
Hmÿ Imsπ≥. icn-bmb t]cv tPm¨
GWÃv lmMv k¬U≥. aX-]-Nm-c-W-Øn-
s\-Ønb ]mXncn kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ Ah-
Kmlw t\Sp-Ibpw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ IhnX cNn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ss__nƒ°Y-Iƒ BZy-
ambn ae-bm-f-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂Xv At±-l-
am-Wv. IqXm-i-∏m-\, DΩmsS ZpxJw, tZh-
am-Xm-hns‚ hymIp-e-]-_-‘w, NXp-c¥yw
F∂n-h-bmWv ][m\ Imhy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ.
h≈-tØmƒ \mcm-bWtat\m≥ (1878˛1958)
B[p-\nI Ihn-X-b-Øn-sem-cmƒ. ae∏pdw
Pn√-bnse tN∂cbn¬ h≈-tØmƒho´n¬
P\n-®p. tZio-b-t_m-[-Øn-s‚bpw ]Ir-Xn-
ku-µ-cy-Øn-s‚bpw Ihn. ]Xn-]m-Zy-Øn¬
sshhn-[yhpw ]Xn-]m-Z-\-Øn¬ sshNn-
Xyhpw ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠v `mh-Ko-X-߃
apX¬ alm-Im-hyw hsc cNn®v ae-bmfIhn-
Xsb kºpjvS-am-°n. hmevaoIn-cm-am-b-Ww,
EtKz-Zw, mk-s‚bpw Imfn-Zm-k-s‚bpw \mS-
I-߃ XpSßn [mcmfw IrXn-Iƒ ae-bm-f-
Øn-te°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp. _‘\-ÿ-
\mb A\n-cp-≤≥, aKvZ-e-\-a-dn-bw, injy\pw
aI-\pw, A—\pw aIfpw XpS-ßnb Jfi-Im-
hy-߃ NnX-tbmKw alm-Im-hyw, kmln-Xy-
a-RvP-cn-sb-∂-t]-cn¬ ]Xn-s\m∂p Ihn-Xm-k-
am-lm-c-߃ F∂nh-sbms°bmWv h≈-
tØm-fns‚ ][m-\ -Ir-Xn-I-ƒ. tIcf Iem-a-
fiew ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xnepw IY-Ifn]ÿm\-
Øn\v ]Nmcw t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw
][m\ ]¶p-h-ln-®p. ]fl-`q-j¨ _lp-a-
Xn e`n-®n-´p≠v.
hn.Sn. `´-Xn-cn-∏mSv (1896 ˛ 1982)
kmln-Xy-Im-c\pw kaql]-cn-jvI¿Ømhpw.
]me-°mSp Pn√-bnse tag-Øq-cn¬ sh≈n-
Øn-cpØnØmgØp a\-bn¬ P\n-®p. \ºq-
Xncnkap -Zm -b-Ønse ]cn -jvI-cWia-
߃°p t\XrXzw \¬In. kvXoIƒ A\p-
`-hn-®p-t]m∂ Zpcn-X-߃s°-Xntc i_vZ-ap-
b¿Øn. kap-Zm-b-Ønse BZysØ hn[-hm-
hn-hm-l-Øn\pw ani-hn-hm-l-Øn\pw t\XrXzw
\¬In. tbmK-t£-a-k- -bnepw tZiob kzmX-
¥y-k-ac ]ÿm-\-Ønepw ]h¿Øn®p.
kaq-l]-cn-jvI-cWw e£yw hs®-gp-Xnb
"ASp-°-f-bn¬ \n∂v Ac-ß-tØ°v' F∂
\mSIw ]i-kvX-am-Wv. "IÆocpw In\mhpw'
F∂ Bfl-I-Ybv°v tIcf kmlnXy A°m-
Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n-®p. cP-\o-cwKw (IY-Iƒ);
kXy-sa-∂Xv ChnsS a\p-jy-\m-Ip-∂p, shSn-
h-´w, Ime-Øns‚ km£n, hn.Sn-bpsS D]-
\ym-k-߃ (D]-\ym-k-߃); I¿a-hn-]mIw
(Bfl-I-Y) F∂n-h-bmWv a‰p ][m\ IrXn-
Iƒ.
]n. Ip™n-cm-a≥\mb¿ (1906 ˛ 1978)
]Ir-Xyp-]m-k-I-\mb Ihn. Imk¿tImSv Pn√-
bn¬ Im™-ßmSv sh≈n-t°mØv ]\-b-¥´
ho´n¬ P\n-®p. A[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-
Øns‚ kmwkvIm -cn -I -ss]-Xr -Ihpw
]IrXnemh-Wy-hp-amWv At±-l-Øns‚ Ihn-
X-bpsS auenI`mh-߃. Ifn-b-—≥, kuµ-
cy-]q-P, ]qsam-´ns‚ IWn, \c-_-en, B ae-
\m-S≥ a¶-am¿, N¥-]n-cn-™n-´pw, ]p≈p-h-
s∏¨sImSn, a¨Ip-S-Øns‚ hne XpS-ßnb
Ihn-X-I-sf√mw Gsd ]kn-≤-am-Wv. Xma-c-
tØm-Wn, Xma-c-tØ≥, hk-t¥m-’-hw,
ctYm-’hw, HmW-∏q-hv, \nd-]d (Ihn-Xm-k-
am-lm-c-߃); Fs∂-Øn-c-bp∂ Rm≥, Ihn-
ae-bmfw 43
bpsS Im¬]mSp-Iƒ, \nXy-I-\y-I-sb-tØ-Sn
(Bfl-I-Y-Iƒ) XpSßn Fgp-]-Xn-tesd IrXn-
Iƒ cNn-®p. tIcf-˛-tI-µ- kmlnXy A°m-
Zan Ahm¿Up-Iƒ t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v.
sshtem-∏n≈n io[-c-ta-t\m≥ (1911 ˛ 1985)
Imev]-\n-I-X-bn¬ \n∂pw ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xsb
bmYm¿Yy-Øns‚ ]cp-°≥]-X-e-ß-fn-te°v
\bn®hcn¬ ][m\n. Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√-bnse
Ieq-cn¬ P\n-®p. imkvXm-[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
amº-gw, klys‚ aI≥, IÆo¿∏m-Sw,
Du™m-en¬, ]¥-߃, tN‰p-]p-g, Im°
XpSßn Ht´sd ]kn-≤-I-hn-X-I-fpsS I¿Øm-
hv. I∂n-s°m-bvØv, iotc-J, HmW-∏m- p-Im¿,
Ip∂n-a -Wn-Iƒ, hnØpw ssIt°m-´pw,
IS¬°m-°-Iƒ, Ipcp-hn-Iƒ, Ibv]-h-√-cn,
hnS, aI-c-s°m-bvØv, an∂m-an-∂n, ]®-°p-Xnc,
IrjvWarK-߃, A¥n-Nm-bp∂p XpS-ßn-bh
Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-ß-fm-Wv. IpSn-sbm-gn-°¬
(Jfi-Im-hyw), Imhy-tem-I-kva-c-W-Iƒ
(Bfl-I-Y) F∂n-h-bmWv a‰p ][m\ IrXn-
Iƒ. tIcf˛tIµ kmlnXy A°m-Zan
Ahm¿Up-Iƒ t\Sn.
B‰q¿ chn-h¿a
B[p-\nI Ihn-I-fn¬ ]ap-J≥. 1930˛¬
Xr»q¿ Pn√-bnse B‰q-cn¬ P\n-®p. A[ym-
]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. taL-cq-]≥, kwI-a-Ww,
Im≥k¿, \m´n¬ ]m¿°mØ C¥ym-°m-c≥
F∂nh At±-l-Øns‚ ][m-\-s∏´ Nne Ihn-
X-I-fm-Wv. Ihn-X, B‰p¿ chn-h¿a-bpsS Ihn-
X-Iƒ (c≠p `mKw) F∂n-h-bmWv Ihn-Xm-
k-am-lm-c-߃. Xan-gn¬ \n∂p t\mh-ep-Ifpw
Ihn-X-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn. tIµ˛tI-cf
-km-lnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e`n-®n-
´p≠v.
H.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏v
⁄m\-]o-T-]p-c-kvImcw t\Snb Ihn. 1931˛ ¬
sIm√w Pn√-bnse Nh-d -bn¬ P\n -®p.
\mS≥ioep-ItfmSp≈ B`n-apJyw, Km\m-fl-
I-X, eb-`w-Kn, Bi-b-k-ºpjvSn F∂nh
H.-F≥.-hn. Ihn-X-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ.
Ne-®nXKm\-c-N-bn-Xmhv F∂ \ne-bnepw
]ikvX-\m -Wv. HcpXp≈n shfn -®w,
abn¬∏oen, AKv\nie-`-߃, IdpØ]£n-
bpsS ]m´v, D÷-bn-\n, `qan-s°mcp Nc-a-Ko-
Xw, AKv\n-i-e-`-߃, A£-cw, D∏v, ss`c-
hs‚ XpSn, kzbw-hcw XpS-ßn-bh ][m\
IrXn-Iƒ. tIµ-˛-tI-cf kmlnXy A°m-
Zan Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e`n-®n´p-≠v.
KqKn-hm- Xn-HmwtKm
1938 ˛ ¬ P\n-®p. sI\n-b-bnse hnJ-ymX
t\mh-enÃv, ap≥ cm-jvSobØS-hp-Im-c≥,
\mS-I-IrØv, A[ym-]-I≥. `mj-bpsS Xe-
Øn¬ A[n-\n-th-i-Øn-s\-Xntc [oc-amb ]co-
£-W-߃ \S-Øn. Cw•ojv Dt]-£n®v
kz¥w P\-X-bpsS `mj-bmb KnIp-bp-hn¬
cN-\-Iƒ \SØn. "F\n-°p-tXm-∂p-tºmƒ
hnhm-ln-X-\mIpw' F∂ \mS-I-sa-gp-Xn-b-Xn\v
1980˛ ¬ XS-hn-e-S-bv°-s∏-´p. KnIpbp `mj-
bn¬ BZy B[p-\nI t\mh¬ "sIbvXm\n
apXvl¿_-bn\n' ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p. ho]v t\m´v
ssN¬Uv, Z dn-h¿ _n‰vho≥, Z sK-bn≥ Hm v
ho‰v, Zn ssSw Sp-tamtdm koI´v ssehvkv,
s]‰¬kv Hm^v ªUv, IbvXm\n apXvl¿
_bn-\n, _mc¬ Hm^v F s]≥, UntImf-
ss\-knMv Z ssa≥Uv, aZ¿ knMv t^m¿ an,
hnkm¿Uv Hm^v F tIm F∂n-h-bmWv
][m\- Ir-Xn-Iƒ.
C. lcn-Ip-am¿
]ikvX sNdp-I-Ym-Ir-Øv. 1943˛¬ s]m∂m-
\n-bn¬ P\n-®p. Iqd-Iƒ, Znt\m-k-dns‚ Ip´n,
Ej- -Øns‚ IÆv, Ip¶paw hnX-dnb hgn-Iƒ,
kq£n-®p-h® abn¬∏o-en, ]®-∏-øns\ ]nSn-
°m≥, \K-c-hm-kn-bmb Hcp Ip´n XpS-ßn-b-
h-bmWv IYm-k-am-lm-c-߃. ]W-b-Øn-
s\mcp tkm^vSvshb¿, sIm®-ºm´n XpS-
ßnb t\mh-ep-Ifpw cNn-®n-´p-≠v. "Znt\m-k-
dns‚ Ip´n'°v tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Zan
Ahm¿Uv e`n-®p.
ASn-ÿm\ ]mTm-hen44
k®n-Zm-\-µ≥
B[p-\nI Ihn-I-fn¬ ]ap-J≥. 1946˛¬
Xr»q¿ Pn√-bnse sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ P\n-®p.
A[ym-]-I≥, \ncq-]-I≥, hnh¿Ø-I≥ F∂o
\ne-I-fnepw ]i-kvX-\m-Wv. tIµ-km-lnXy
A°m-Zan skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A©p-
kqcy≥, Fgp-Ø-—-s\-gp-Xp-tºmƒ, Ihn-
_p -≤≥, ]oU-\ -Im -ew, hoSp -am -‰w,
Chs\°qSn, ae-bm-fw, tZim-S\w XpS-ßn-
bh ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. temIIhn-X-I-fp-
sSbpw C¥y≥ Ihn-X-I-fpsSbpw ]cn-`m-jm-
k-am-lm-c-߃ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p≠v. tIcf
kmlnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n-®n-´p-≠v.
s_\ym-an≥
t\mh-enÃv, IYm -IrØv. P\-\ -ÿew
]Ø\wXn´ Pn√-bnse Ipf-\S. _lvssd-\n¬
tPmen sNøp-∂p. bqØ-t\-kn-b, s]¨am-
dm´w (IYm-k-am-lm-c߃); ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS
c≠mw ]pkvX-Iw, BSpPohn-Xw, A°-t∏m-
cns‚ Ccp-]Xv \kmWnh¿j-߃, A_o-
i-Kn≥ (t\mh-ep-Iƒ); Ccp≠ h\-ÿ-en-Iƒ
(Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ) F∂nh IrXn-Iƒ. "BSp
PohnXw' tIc-f -km -lnXy A°m-Zan
Ahm¿Uv t\Sn.
Iem-]nb
Xan-gnse B[p-\nI Ihn-I-fn¬ ]ap-J≥.
1950˛¬ P\n-®p. bYm¿Y-t]cv Sn.sI tkma-
kp-µcw. Iem-]nb F∂Xv Xqen-Im-\m-a-amWv.
_m¶v DtZym-K-ÿ≥. sh≈w, Xo¿Y-bm-ssX,
F´m-b-]p-cw, Iem-]nbmIhn-X-Iƒ F∂nh
][m\ Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-ß-fm-Wv.
d^o°v Al-ΩZv
]pXp-X-e-ap-d-bnse it≤-b-\mb Ihn. 1961 ¬
Xr»q¿ Pn√-bnse A°n-°m-hn¬ P\n-®p. ]mc-
º-cyhpw ]pXp-abpw Iq´n-t®¿Ø-XmWv cN-
\m-co-Xn. ]md-bn¬ ]Wn-™-Xv, kz]v\-hm-Mv
aq-ew, Bƒa-d, No´p-I-fn-°m¿, Kma-hr-£-
Ønse h∆m¬, inh-Iman F∂n-h-bmWv
IhnXm-k-am-lm-c-߃. Ne-®n-X-Km-\-c-N-bn-
Xmhv F∂ \ne-bnepw ]kn-≤-\m-Wv. tIc-f-
km-lnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Upw Ne-®n-X-
Km-\-c-N-\bv-°p≈ kwÿm\ Ahm¿Upw
e`n-®n- p-≠v.
$